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<mods:title id="B32A8FA2E3F6B6BDAA974478378AB7F4">A new species of Anthurium (Araceae) from Ecuador</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A4A44A79D533F706C103CB1EBB9A6F9A">Croat, Thomas B.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="43169D506CB4AF9EA57F8B4F409E1930">P. A. Schulze Curator, Missouri Botanical Garden, P. O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166, U. S. A.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B59D80D83C56E12D2C6FE718EF539C02">Ulloa, Carmen Ulloa</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D7AE64F172FF43867A5CD0C27F40AAA9">Investigador Prometeo, Herbario Nacional del Ecuador, Museo Ecuatoriano de Ciencias Naturales del Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, Quito, Ecuador.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F87ABA8561F87DD77D7A65AA7B6D9E67">Freire, Efraín</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="A8F1274FF914C4D2EA0BE4406835EB14">Herbario Nacional del Ecuador, Museo Ecuatoriano de Ciencias Naturales del Instituto Nacional de Biodiversidad, Av. Río Coca E 6 - 115, Quito, Ecuador.</mods:affiliation>
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<taxonomicName id="4C014D16BE57C737FF1EAC8833CB06ED" ID-CoL="5VKCB" authority="Croat, C.Ulloa &amp; E.Freire" authorityName="Croat, C. Ulloa &amp; E. Freire" authorityYear="2015" box="[136,753,1972,1999]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Anthurium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="0" pageNumber="138" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="yanacochense" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE57C737FF1EAC88308806ED" bold="true" box="[136,434,1972,1999]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="138">Anthurium yanacochense</emphasis>
Croat, C.Ulloa &amp; E.Freire
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(
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)
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The species is characterized by its epiphytic habit, short internodes, reddish brown persistent cataphyll fibers, subterete unribbed sulcate petioles, ovate-cordate-sagittate coriaceous gradually acuminate blades with overlapping posterior lobes and a reniform sinus, 8 pairs of basal veins, the first pair of which is free to base, a shortly curved posterior rib which is naked to 
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, 7–11 pairs of primary lateral veins, collective veins arising from 2nd to 4th pair of basal veins and 
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from margin as well as by the long-pedunculate inflorescence with the oblong to lanceolate spathe erect and in line with peduncle, hooding, purplish violet and nearly matte on inner surface, medium green outside and the dark violet-purple stipitate medium dark violet-purple long-cylindroid and weakly tapered spadix which is directed downward at 45° angle.
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<emphasis id="B975EA87BE56C736FF1EAD2131C40710" bold="true" box="[136,254,1565,1586]" pageId="1" pageNumber="139">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B975EA87BE56C736FE95AD2130CD0710" box="[259,503,1565,1586]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="139">Anthurium yanacochense</emphasis>
Croat, C.Ulloa &amp; E.Freire. A. Habit. B. Leaf
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cataphylls. Photographs courtesy FloraoftheWorld©.
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Epiphyte; 
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short, 
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<emphasis id="B975EA87BE56C736FDA9AD5F3382075E" bold="true" box="[575,696,1635,1660]" pageId="1" pageNumber="139">cataphylls</emphasis>
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long, acute persisting intact at apex, becoming loosely fibrous with fragments of reddish brown epidermis, the fibers reddish brown, mostly closely parallel; 
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE56C736FB66ADBB34700782" bold="true" box="[1264,1354,1671,1696]" pageId="1" pageNumber="139">petioles</emphasis>
<quantity id="4CF99B70BE56C736FAC6ADBB319007E6" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.175" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="3.35" pageId="1" pageNumber="139" unit="cm" value="51.75" valueMax="70.0" valueMin="33.5">33.5–70 cm</quantity>
long, drying 
<quantity id="4CF99B70BE56C736FED4AD9730A507E6" box="[322,415,1707,1732]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="139" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="5.0">5–8 mm</quantity>
diam., medium green, semiglossy, almost cylindrical, sharply and broadly sulcate adaxially, up to 5-ribbed on each side, rounded abaxially, densely short raised-lineate throughout, drying yellowish brown; 
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE56C736FF1EADCF303E062E" bold="true" box="[136,260,1779,1804]" pageId="1" pageNumber="139">geniculum</emphasis>
2.1–3.0 cm long, drying slightly darker than petioles; 
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE56C736FCEBADCF32F3062E" bold="true" box="[893,969,1779,1804]" pageId="1" pageNumber="139">blades</emphasis>
ovate-cordate-sagittate, 
<quantity id="4CF99B70BE56C736FB74ADCF3453062E" box="[1250,1385,1779,1804]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.625" metricValueMax="7.25" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="139" unit="cm" value="56.25" valueMax="72.5" valueMin="40.0">40–72.5 cm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity id="4CF99B70BE56C736FF1EAC2B302A0612" box="[136,272,1815,1840]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.59" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="2.68" pageId="1" pageNumber="139" unit="cm" value="35.9" valueMax="45.0" valueMin="26.8">26.8–45 cm</quantity>
wide, 1.45–1.74 times longer than broad, broadest at petiole attachment, 0.8 times long as petioles, gradually acuminate at apex, (acumen to 
<quantity id="4CF99B70BE56C736FDFBAC0733870676" box="[621,701,1851,1876]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="139" unit="cm" value="1.2">1.2 cm</quantity>
long), prominently deeply lobed at base, dark green and glossy above, moderately paler and semiglossy below, drying chartaceous, brownish green to gray-green and semiglossy above, greenish brown to grayish brown and semiglossy below, epunctate; upper surface densely granular-ridged; lower surface densely brownish speckled and granular; 
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE56C736FC9BAC9B329006E2" bold="true" box="[781,938,1959,1984]" pageId="1" pageNumber="139">anterior lobe</emphasis>
<quantity id="4CF99B70BE56C736FC22AC9B356A06E2" box="[948,1104,1959,1984]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.25" metricValueMin="2.75" pageId="1" pageNumber="139" unit="cm" value="40.0" valueMax="52.5" valueMin="27.5">27.5–52.5 cm</quantity>
long, with straight to slightly concave margins midway up, the distal margin slightly rounded; 
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE56C736FCECACF7351706C6" bold="true" box="[890,1069,1995,2020]" pageId="1" pageNumber="139">posterior lobes</emphasis>
touching to slightly or markedly overlapping, 
<quantity id="4CF99B70BE56C736FE88ACD33091092A" box="[286,427,2031,2056]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.85" metricValueMin="0.95" pageId="1" pageNumber="139" unit="cm" value="14.0" valueMax="18.5" valueMin="9.5">9.5–18.5 cm</quantity>
long, 9.0– 
<quantity id="4CF99B70BE56C736FDBFACD333B9092A" box="[553,643,2031,2056]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" pageId="1" pageNumber="139" unit="cm" value="15.5">15.5 cm</quantity>
wide, directed downward and inward; 
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE56C736FBD0ACD335A2092A" bold="true" box="[1094,1176,2031,2056]" pageId="1" pageNumber="139">midrib</emphasis>
drying narrowly raised, finely ribbed and darker above, narrowly rounded, finely ribbed and darker below; 
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE56C736FBBBA32F3413090E" bold="true" box="[1069,1321,2067,2092]" pageId="1" pageNumber="139">primary lateral veins</emphasis>
7–11 pairs, arising at 44–55° angle near middle, drying weakly and narrowly raised, darker above, narrowly rounded, finely ribbed and darker below; 
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE55C735FECDABF8332301FF" bold="true" box="[347,537,196,221]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">secondary veins</emphasis>
drying prominently raised below; 
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE55C735FC36ABF8357B01FF" bold="true" box="[928,1089,196,221]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">tertiary veins</emphasis>
drying indistinct above, weakly raised below; 
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE55C735FEBDABD430DA0023" bold="true" box="[299,480,232,257]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">collective veins</emphasis>
arising from 2nd to 4th pair of basal veins, 
<quantity id="4CF99B70BE55C735FC7EABD435720023" box="[1000,1096,232,257]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.0">2–4 mm</quantity>
from margin; 
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE55C735FB65ABD434420023" bold="true" box="[1267,1400,232,257]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">basal veins</emphasis>
8–9 pairs, 1st pair free to base, 3rd pair fused to 
<quantity id="4CF99B70BE55C735FD16AA3033EA0007" box="[640,720,268,293]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" unit="cm" value="2.6">2.6 cm</quantity>
, 6th and 7th pair fused to 
<quantity id="4CF99B70BE55C735FC6CAA3035710007" box="[1018,1099,268,293]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" unit="cm" value="5.8">5.8 cm</quantity>
; 
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE55C735FBC1AA3035C10007" bold="true" box="[1111,1275,268,293]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">posterior ribs</emphasis>
shortly curved, usually naked throughout, 
<quantity id="4CF99B70BE55C735FE23AA0C330C006B" box="[437,566,304,329]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.55" metricValueMax="5.6" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" unit="cm" value="4.55" valueMax="5.6" valueMin="3.5">3.5–5.6 cm</quantity>
; 
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE55C735FDD4AA0C3345006B" bold="true" box="[578,639,304,329]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">sinus</emphasis>
usually closed and reniform, (2.5) 
<quantity id="4CF99B70BE55C735FB94AA0C35A7006B" box="[1026,1181,304,329]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.31" metricValueMax="1.45" metricValueMin="1.17" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" unit="cm" value="13.1" valueMax="14.5" valueMin="11.7">11.7–14.5 cm</quantity>
deep, 
<quantity id="4CF99B70BE55C735FB7EAA0C345C006B" box="[1256,1382,304,329]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.45" metricValueMax="5.2" metricValueMin="3.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" unit="cm" value="4.45" valueMax="5.2" valueMin="3.7">3.7–5.2 cm</quantity>
wide. INFLORESCENCE with 
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE55C735FE3AAA68332D004F" bold="true" box="[428,535,340,365]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">peduncle</emphasis>
<quantity id="4CF99B70BE55C735FD89AA6833B5004F" box="[543,655,340,365]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.35" metricValueMax="6.6" metricValueMin="4.1" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" unit="cm" value="53.5" valueMax="66.0" valueMin="41.0">41–66 cm</quantity>
long; 
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE55C735FD4FAA68321D004F" bold="true" box="[729,807,340,365]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">spathe</emphasis>
erect and in line with peduncle, hooding, purplish violet and nearly matte on inner surface, medium green outside, 
<quantity id="4CF99B70BE55C735FCA2AA4432A200B3" box="[820,920,376,401]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" unit="cm" value="13.0" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="8.0">8–18 cm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity id="4CF99B70BE55C735FC71AA44355D00B3" box="[999,1127,376,401]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" unit="cm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="2.5">2.5–4.5 cm</quantity>
wide, oblong to lanceolate, drying coriaceous, reddish brown; 
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE55C735FD85AAA0335B0097" bold="true" box="[531,609,412,437]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">spadix</emphasis>
medium dark violet-purple, stipitate (0.5) 
<quantity id="4CF99B70BE55C735FBA8AAA035FA0097" box="[1086,1216,412,437]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7999999999999998" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" unit="cm" value="1.7999999999999998" valueMax="1.9" valueMin="1.7">1.7–1.9 cm</quantity>
, long-cylindroid and weakly tapered, 
<quantity id="4CF99B70BE55C735FED5AAFC308100FB" box="[323,443,448,473]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.175" metricValueMax="1.65" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" unit="cm" value="11.75" valueMax="16.5" valueMin="7.0">7–16.5 cm</quantity>
long, (0.5) 
<quantity id="4CF99B70BE55C735FDADAAFC339E00FB" box="[571,676,448,473]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="9.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" unit="cm" value="0.95" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.9">0.9–1 cm</quantity>
diam., directed downward at 45° angle, drying reddish dark brown; 
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE55C735FF1EAAD831E500DF" bold="true" box="[136,223,484,509]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">flowers</emphasis>
6–8 visible per spiral, drying 
<quantity id="4CF99B70BE55C735FDADAAD833A300DF" box="[571,665,484,509]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 mm</quantity>
long and wide; tepals minutely granular on drying; lateral tepals 
<quantity id="4CF99B70BE55C735FA1FAAD8318E0303" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="1.7">1.7 mm</quantity>
wide, inner margin rounded, outer margins 3-sided; pistils early-emergent, narrow; stamens initially exserted ca. 
<quantity id="4CF99B70BE55C735FF26A91031C80367" box="[176,242,556,581]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
with fleshy bright red filament, anther soon retracted to level of tepals; thecae purplish, weakly divaricate. INFRUCTESCENCE stipitate 
<quantity id="4CF99B70BE55C735FE74A96C3358034B" box="[482,610,592,617]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" unit="cm" value="2.85" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="2.2">2.2–3.5 cm</quantity>
; fruiting spadix 
<quantity id="4CF99B70BE55C735FC80A96C32A3034B" box="[790,921,592,617]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.425" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.35" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" unit="cm" value="14.25" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="13.5">13.5–15 cm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity id="4CF99B70BE55C735FC49A96C3561034B" box="[991,1115,592,617]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" unit="cm" value="1.95" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.4">1.4–2.5 cm</quantity>
wide; berries ca. 
<quantity id="4CF99B70BE55C735FA89A96C344E034B" box="[1311,1396,592,617]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
long and wide, reddish-purplish.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE3695BE55C735FF2BA9A4347003DB" blockId="2.[136,1458,160,2093]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE55C735FF2BA9A4334F0393" bold="true" box="[189,629,664,689]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">
Specimens examined (
<typeStatus id="54BA8837BE55C735FE46A9A433710393" box="[464,587,664,689]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
):—
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B693CC8BE55C735FDE3A9A4342803F7" collectingDate="1987-03-21" collectingDateMax="1987-03-22" collectingDateMin="1987-03-21" collectionCode="C, GB" country="Ecuador" county="Carretera Quito-Nono" elevation="3700" latitude="-0.15" location="Volcan Pichincha" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-78.583336" municipality="Hacienda Yanacocha" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" specimenCode="QCA 2" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pichincha">
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE55C735FDE3A9A432B50393" bold="true" box="[629,911,664,689]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">
<collectingCountry id="F3167605BE55C735FDE3A9A432320393" box="[629,776,664,689]" name="Ecuador" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">ECUADOR</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion id="49C5F877BE55C735FC8FA9A432B50393" box="[793,911,664,689]" country="Ecuador" name="Pichincha" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">Pichincha</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
: 
<collectingCounty id="62DF4E19BE55C735FC32A9A4359F0393" box="[932,1189,664,689]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">Carretera Quito-Nono</collectingCounty>
: 
<collectingMunicipality id="6BDAACEFBE55C735FB23A9A434920393" box="[1205,1448,664,689]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">Hacienda Yanacocha</collectingMunicipality>
, 
<location id="8EDE604EBE55C735FF1EA980306A03F7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A88783BE57C735FF1EAC88352D090F:8EDE604EBE55C735FF1EA980306A03F7" box="[136,336,700,725]" country="Ecuador" county="Carretera Quito-Nono" latitude="-0.15" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-78.583336" municipality="Hacienda Yanacocha" name="Volcan Pichincha" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" stateProvince="Pichincha">Volcán Pichincha</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE355052BE55C735FECBA980308103F7" box="[349,443,700,725]" degrees="00" direction="south" minutes="09" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" precision="925" value="-0.15">00°09’S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE355052BE55C735FE5CA980330A03F7" box="[458,560,700,725]" degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" precision="925" value="-78.583336">78°35’W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CF99B70BE55C735FDA8A98033AD03F7" box="[574,663,700,725]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="3700.0">
<elevation id="002CD1A6BE55C735FDA8A98033AD03F7" box="[574,663,700,725]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="3700.0">3700 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFBF1055BE55C735FD33A980325D03F7" box="[677,871,700,725]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" value="1987-03-21" valueMax="1987-03-22" valueMin="1987-03-21">
<collectingDate id="EFFBE9BDBE55C735FD33A980325D03F7" box="[677,871,700,725]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" value="1987-03-21" valueMax="1987-03-22" valueMin="1987-03-21">21–22 Mar 1987</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE55C735FCE3A980353103F7" box="[885,1035,700,725]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">
<collectionCode id="ED10AE50BE55C735FCE3A98032B103F7" box="[885,907,700,725]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
. Ulloa 384
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED10AE50BE55C735FB8BA980357103F7" box="[1053,1099,700,725]" country="Sweden" name="University of Gothenburg" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" type="Herbarium">GB</collectionCode>
!, 
<specimenCode id="DBA79EEEBE55C735FBC8A980359503F7" box="[1118,1199,700,725]" collectionCode="QCA" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15650" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15650" name="Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" type="Herbarium">QCA 2</specimenCode>
-sheets!)
</materialsCitation>
; 
<materialsCitation id="3B693CC8BE55C735FAB6A980347C03DB" collectingDate="2011-06-11" collectionCode="C, S, J, MO, QCA" country="Ecuador" elevation="3548" latitude="-0.11722222" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="-78.58562" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Pichincha">
<geoCoordinate id="EE355052BE55C735FAB6A980349D03F7" box="[1312,1447,700,725]" degrees="00" direction="south" minutes="07" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" precision="15" seconds="02" value="-0.11722222">00°07’02”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE355052BE55C735FF1EA9DC301603DB" box="[136,300,736,761]" degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" precision="1" seconds="08.2" value="-78.58562">78°35’08.2”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="4CF99B70BE55C735FEAEA9DC30B503DB" box="[312,399,736,761]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.548" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="3548.0">
<elevation id="002CD1A6BE55C735FEAEA9DC30B503DB" box="[312,399,736,761]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.548" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="3548.0">3548 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 
<date id="FFBF1055BE55C735FE0DA9DC331F03DB" box="[411,549,736,761]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" value="2011-06-11">
<collectingDate id="EFFBE9BDBE55C735FE0DA9DC331F03DB" box="[411,549,736,761]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" value="2011-06-11">11 Jun 2011</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE55C735FDB9A9DC359A03DB" box="[559,1184,736,761]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">
<collectionCode id="ED10AE50BE55C735FDB9A9DC337F03DB" box="[559,581,736,761]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
. Ulloa, 
<collectionCode id="ED10AE50BE55C735FD08A9DC338E03DB" box="[670,692,736,761]" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
. Davidson, 
<collectionCode id="ED10AE50BE55C735FCAEA9DC327303DB" box="[824,841,736,761]" country="Sweden" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15668" name="Department of Botany, Swedish Museum of Natural History" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" type="Herbarium">S</collectionCode>
. Christoph &amp; 
<collectionCode id="ED10AE50BE55C735FC7EA9DC32C203DB" box="[1000,1016,736,761]" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
. Irazábal 2181
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED10AE50BE55C735FB26A9DC35DF03DB" box="[1200,1253,736,761]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15859" name="Missouri Botanical Garden" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" type="Herbarium">MO</collectionCode>
!, 
<collectionCode id="ED10AE50BE55C735FB63A9DC340003DB" box="[1269,1338,736,761]" country="Ecuador" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15650" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15650" name="Pontificia Universidad Católica del Ecuador" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" type="Herbarium">QCA</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE3695BE55C735FF2BA83832DA053B" blockId="2.[136,1458,160,2093]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE55C735FF2BA83830D2023F" bold="true" box="[189,488,772,797]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">Habitat and conservation</emphasis>
.— 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D16BE55C735FD9AA838320E023F" box="[524,820,772,797]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Anthurium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="yanachochense">
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE55C735FD9AA838320E023F" box="[524,820,772,797]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">Anthurium yanachochense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is endemic to 
<collectingCountry id="F3167605BE55C735FC59A8383514023F" box="[975,1070,772,797]" name="Ecuador" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
, known only from the 
<typeStatus id="54BA8837BE55C735FAB4A8383468023F" box="[1314,1362,772,797]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">type</typeStatus>
locality in 
<collectingRegion id="49C5F877BE55C735FF32A81430470263" box="[164,381,808,833]" country="Ecuador" name="Pichincha" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">Pichincha Province</collectingRegion>
in a Montane wet forest life zone. It was found in the Yanacocha Reserve and surrounding forest on the north western flanks of 
<collectingRegion id="49C5F877BE55C735FE77A87033750247" box="[481,591,844,869]" country="Ecuador" name="Pichincha" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">Pichincha</collectingRegion>
volcano. The Area of Occupancy (
<collectionCode id="ED10AE50BE55C735FC4FA87035230247" box="[985,1049,844,869]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">AOO</collectionCode>
) is of 
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<superScript id="7C749BDDBE55C735FB3EA876358A027A" attach="left" box="[1192,1200,842,856]" fontSize="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">2</superScript>
where it has persisted for almost thirty years since first collected, due in part to the conservation efforts of the Jocotoco Foundation. The Reserve is an important touristic attraction because of its bird diversity but most importantly serves as water catchment for the city of Quito. The major threat could be ash deposition in an eventual eruption of volcano Guagua 
<collectingRegion id="49C5F877BE55C735FAABA884349102F3" box="[1341,1451,952,977]" country="Ecuador" name="Pichincha" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">Pichincha</collectingRegion>
which last activity was in 1999. With our current knowledge the species is assigned an 
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B64BE55C735FB1CA8E0341902D7" author="IUCN" box="[1162,1315,988,1013]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" refId="ref3006" refString="IUCN (2014) Guidelines for Using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 11. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions" type="book" year="2014">IUCN (2014)</bibRefCitation>
provisional conservation status of Endangered owing to the small size of the population.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31B651EBE55C735FF2BAF1830FD06C7" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BBE3695BE55C735FF2BAF1834050437" blockId="2.[136,1458,160,2093]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE55C735FF2BAF18305A051F" bold="true" box="[189,352,1060,1085]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">Discussion:—</emphasis>
The species is a member of 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D16BE55C735FD3FAF183538051F" authorityName="Engler" authorityYear="1879" baseAuthorityName="Schott" box="[681,1026,1060,1085]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Anthurium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="section" section="Belolonchium">
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE55C735FD3FAF18321B051F" box="[681,801,1060,1085]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">Anthurium</emphasis>
sect. 
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE55C735FCF0AF183538051F" box="[870,1026,1060,1085]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">Belolonchium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, characterized by its epiphytic habit, short internodes, persistent cataphyll fibers with fragments of epidermis, almost cylindrical, sulcate brown drying petioles, ovate-cordate-sagittate acuminate blades with overlapping lobes, a small reniform sinus, 8 pairs of basal veins, a single pair free to the base; a slightly curved short posterior rib which fans out sharply and turns out promptly, nearly entirely naked along the sinus; 7–11 pairs of primary lateral veins; collective veins arising from the 2nd to 4th pair of basal veins and moderately close to the margins as well as by a long-pedunculate inflorescence with a purpleviolet erect spathe which hoods the spadix and a curved long-stipitate long-cylindroid violet-purple spadix.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE3695BE55C735FF2BAE1C346E0677" blockId="2.[136,1458,160,2093]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">
The species is most closely related 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D16BE55C735FDC4AE1C32FF041B" authority="Schott (1857: 310)" authorityName="Schott" authorityPageNumber="310" authorityYear="1857" box="[594,965,1312,1337]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Anthurium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oxybelium">
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE55C735FDC4AE1C33DF041B" box="[594,741,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">A. oxybelium</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B64BE55C735FD78AE1C32FF041B" author="Schott, H. W." box="[750,965,1312,1337]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" pagination="309 - 310" refId="ref3083" refString="Schott, H. W. (1857) Aroideen-Skizeen. Oesterreichisches Botanisches Wochenblatt 7: 309 - 310. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 02071793" type="journal article" year="1857">Schott (1857: 310)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, another species which also occurs at high elevations but that species differs by having a usually open, usually brownish-drying blades with a usually spathulate to parabolic sinus with collective veins arising usually from the 1st pair of basal veins or the primary lateral veins and a shorter, dark violet-purple spadix. In the Lucid 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D16BE55C735FD64AEB032570487" authorityName="Schott" authorityYear="1829" box="[754,877,1420,1445]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Anthurium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Anthurium</taxonomicName>
key (Cate 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D16BE55C735FC7BAEB035760487" box="[1005,1100,1420,1445]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Araceae</taxonomicName>
, http://araceae.e-monocot.org/) the species tracks to 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D16BE55C735FEEFAE8C33FC04EB" authority="Sodiro (1905: 9)" authorityName="Sodiro" authorityPageNumber="9" authorityYear="1905" box="[377,710,1456,1481]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Anthurium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="camposii">
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE55C735FEEFAE8C30C504EB" box="[377,511,1456,1481]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">A. camposii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B64BE55C735FD9EAE8C33FC04EB" author="Sodiro, L." box="[520,710,1456,1481]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" pagination="1 - 32" refId="ref3164" refString="Sodiro, L. (1905) Anturios ecuatorianos suplemento I. Anales de la Universidad Central 20 (138): 1 - 32." type="journal article" year="1905">Sodiro (1905: 9)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
which differs by having much longer blades to 2.9 times longer than broad with the posterior lobes much narrower and directed toward the base and not at all inward as well as a much longer spadix (
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long); 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D16BE55C735FDA3AEC432950733" authority="Engler (1898: 424)" authorityName="Engler" authorityPageNumber="424" authorityYear="1898" box="[565,943,1528,1553]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Anthurium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gualeanum">
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE55C735FDA3AEC433EA0733" box="[565,720,1528,1553]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">A. gualeanum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B64BE55C735FD4EAEC432950733" author="Engler, A." box="[728,943,1528,1553]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" pagination="352 - 476" refId="ref2969" refString="Engler, A. (1898) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Araceae, VIII. 15. Revision der Gattung Anthurium Schott. Botanische Jahrbucher fur Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 25: 352 - 476." type="journal article" year="1898">Engler (1898: 424)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, differing by having blades with more deeply sunken anterior lobes, a broader more hooding spathe and a stubbier spadix; 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D16BE55C735FC7DAD20318A077B" authority="Croat &amp; Rodriguez (1995: 80)" authorityName="Croat &amp; Rodriguez" authorityPageNumber="80" authorityYear="1995" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Anthurium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jaramilloi">
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE55C735FC7DAD2035410717" box="[1003,1147,1564,1589]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">A. jaramilloi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B64BE55C735FB15AD20318A077B" author="Croat, T. B. &amp; Rodriguez de Salvador, J." pageId="2" pageNumber="140" pagination="40 - 148" refId="ref2704" refString="Croat, T. B. &amp; Rodriguez de Salvador, J. (1995) Contributions to the Araceae flora in northwestern Pichincha Province, Ecuador. Part 1: Anthurium of ENDESA Reserve. Aroideana 18: 40 - 148." type="journal article" year="1995">Croat &amp; Rodríguez (1995: 80)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, differing by its terrestrial habit and light green spadix and 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D16BE55C735FCF0AD7C35F8077B" authority="Sodiro (1901: 14)" authorityName="Sodiro" authorityPageNumber="14" authorityYear="1901" box="[870,1218,1600,1625]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Anthurium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="orientale">
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE55C735FCF0AD7C32D6077B" box="[870,1004,1600,1625]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">A. orientale</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B64BE55C735FC63AD7C35F8077B" author="Sodiro, L." box="[1013,1218,1600,1625]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" pagination="1 - 18" refId="ref3116" refString="Sodiro, L. (1901) Anturios ecuatorianos. Anales de la Universidad Central 15 (108): 1 - 18." type="journal article" year="1901">Sodiro (1901: 14)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, differing by having proportionately narrow blades to more than 2 times longer than broad and a more greenish, more tapered spadix. 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D16BE55C735FF1EADB433020783" authority="Sodiro (1902: 81)" authorityName="Sodiro" authorityPageNumber="81" authorityYear="1902" box="[136,568,1672,1697]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Anthurium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="striatipes">
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE55C735FF1EADB430540783" box="[136,366,1672,1697]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">Anthurium striatipes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B64BE55C735FEE5ADB433020783" author="Sodiro, L." box="[371,568,1672,1697]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" pagination="79 - 94" refId="ref3140" refString="Sodiro, L. (1902) Anturios ecuatorianos. Anales de la Universidad Central 17 (121): 79 - 94." type="journal article" year="1902">Sodiro (1902: 81)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
differs from 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D16BE55C735FD5EADB432B90783" box="[712,899,1672,1697]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Anthurium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="yanacochense">
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE55C735FD5EADB432B90783" box="[712,899,1672,1697]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">A. yanacochense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having proportionately much narrower blades, up to 2.4 times longer than broad which are matte-subvelvety on the upper surface (versus glossy for 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D16BE55C735FB76AD9034A107E7" box="[1248,1435,1708,1733]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Anthurium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="yanacochense">
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE55C735FB76AD9034A107E7" box="[1248,1435,1708,1733]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">A. yanacochense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), dry darker brown, have only 7–8 pairs of basal veins, lack free basal veins (versus with having the 1st pair of basal veins free to the base), have the collective veins arising from the 3rd to 5th pairs of basal veins and have white berries with a red tip. In addition 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D16BE55C735FE2EAC24337A0613" authorityName="Sodiro" authorityYear="1902" box="[440,576,1816,1841]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Anthurium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="striatipes">
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE55C735FE2EAC24337A0613" box="[440,576,1816,1841]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">A. striatipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs at a much lower elevations, 
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in 
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE55C735FB0EAC2434B40613" box="[1176,1422,1816,1841]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">Premonane wet forest</emphasis>
to 
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE55C735FF1EAC0030910677" box="[136,427,1852,1877]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">Lower montane wet forest</emphasis>
life zones (versus occurring in a 
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE55C735FC89AC0032CD0677" box="[799,1015,1852,1877]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">Montane wet forest</emphasis>
life zone at 
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elevation.)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE3695BE55C735FF2BAC5C30FD06C7" blockId="2.[136,1458,160,2093]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">
The species has also been confused with 
<taxonomicName id="4C014D16BE55C735FD1FAC5C3592065B" authority="Croat &amp; Rodriguez (1995: 63)" authorityName="Croat &amp; Rodriguez" authorityPageNumber="63" authorityYear="1995" box="[649,1192,1888,1913]" class="Liliopsida" family="Araceae" genus="Anthurium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Alismatales" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cupulispathum">
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE55C735FD1FAC5C3274065B" box="[649,846,1888,1913]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">A. cupulispathum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B64BE55C735FCC3AC5C3592065B" author="Croat, T. B. &amp; Rodriguez de Salvador, J." box="[853,1192,1888,1913]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" pagination="40 - 148" refId="ref2704" refString="Croat, T. B. &amp; Rodriguez de Salvador, J. (1995) Contributions to the Araceae flora in northwestern Pichincha Province, Ecuador. Part 1: Anthurium of ENDESA Reserve. Aroideana 18: 40 - 148." type="journal article" year="1995">Croat &amp; Rodríguez (1995: 63)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
but that species differs by having terete petioles, much larger blades, often more than 
<quantity id="4CF99B70BE55C735FCD0ACB832B106BF" box="[838,907,1924,1949]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" unit="cm" value="80.0">80 cm</quantity>
long, a broader spathe (
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wide) which red on the inner surface and a much larger spadix (
<quantity id="4CF99B70BE55C735FD57AC94320806E3" box="[705,818,1960,1985]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" unit="cm" value="25.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="20.0">20–30 cm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity id="4CF99B70BE55C735FCEFAC9432D806E3" box="[889,994,1960,1985]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" unit="cm" value="2.6" valueMax="3.2" valueMin="2.0">2–3.2 cm</quantity>
diam.), and a distribution at much lower elevations of below 
<quantity id="4CF99B70BE55C735FEFCACF030F806C7" box="[362,450,1996,2021]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" unit="m" value="1000.0">1000 m</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31B651EBE55C735FF2BACCC352D090F" pageId="2" pageNumber="140" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BBE3695BE55C735FF2BACCC352D090F" blockId="2.[136,1458,160,2093]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">
<emphasis id="B975EA87BE55C735FF2BACCC3004092B" bold="true" box="[189,318,2032,2057]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">Etymology</emphasis>
:—The species is named in honor of the 
<typeStatus id="54BA8837BE55C735FC8AACCC3276092B" box="[796,844,2032,2057]" pageId="2" pageNumber="140">type</typeStatus>
locality Yanacocha, a cloud forest area in Parroquia Nono, only 
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northwest from the city of Quito, off the old Quito-Nono road.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>