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<mods:title id="D7D215A5AABCEB2D096649262A88C934">Faunistic review of Tetratomidae and Melandryidae (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea) in Lithuania with an annotated checklist of the species</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="C31B651CFFC7FFF7FF16D26BFC3E5EF8" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BBE3697FFC7FFF7FF16D26BFDDC5E40" blockId="5.[151,1437,1376,1763]" box="[151,535,1376,1403]" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">
<heading id="D0F681FBFFC7FFF7FF16D26BFDDC5E40" bold="true" box="[151,535,1376,1403]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC7FFF7FF16D26BFDDC5E40" bold="true" box="[151,535,1376,1403]" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC7FFF7FF16D26BFF6F5E41" bold="true" box="[151,164,1376,1402]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">*</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C014D14FFC7FFF7FF25D26BFDDC5E40" authority="(Paykull, 1799)" baseAuthorityName="Paykull" baseAuthorityYear="1799" box="[164,535,1376,1403]" class="Insecta" family="Melandryidae" genus="Abdera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flexuosa" subGenus="C.">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC7FFF7FF25D26BFF745E41" bold="true" box="[164,191,1376,1402]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">A.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC7FFF7FF4ED26BFF225E41" bold="true" box="[207,233,1376,1402]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">C.</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC7FFF7FF78D26BFE905E40" bold="true" box="[249,347,1376,1403]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">flexuosa</emphasis>
(Paykull, 1799)
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE3697FFC7FFF7FF46D28EFC3E5EF8" blockId="5.[151,1437,1376,1763]" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC7FFF7FF46D28EFEA85EA4" bold="true" box="[199,355,1413,1439]" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">New records.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC7FFF7FEEBD28EFE555EA5" box="[362,414,1413,1438]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">Taur</emphasis>
: Laukesos durpynas,
<date id="FFBF1057FFC7FFF7FD10D28EFCC35EA4" box="[657,776,1413,1439]" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" value="1993-05-21">21 V 1993</date>
, leg. R. F., 4³
<specimenCount id="9D07FD1EFFC7FFF7FC27D28FFC075EA4" box="[934,972,1412,1439]" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" type="female">3♀</specimenCount>
, KZM;
<materialsCitation id="3B693CCAFFC7FFF7FBA4D28FFF125EF8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2416711824" collectingDate="2014-05-27" collectionCode="KZM" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC7FFF7FBA4D28FFB865EA4" box="[1061,1101,1412,1439]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">Šak</emphasis>
: Tervydoniai,
<date id="FFBF1057FFC7FFF7FB71D28EFAA35EA4" box="[1264,1384,1413,1439]" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" value="2014-05-27">
<collectingDate id="EFFBE9BFFFC7FFF7FB71D28EFAA35EA4" box="[1264,1384,1413,1439]" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" value="2014-05-27">27 V 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
, 1³,
<collectionCode id="ED10AE52FFC7FFF7FF16D2A2FF125EF8" box="[151,217,1449,1475]" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">KZM</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
;
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC7FFF7FF65D2A3FED25EF8" box="[228,281,1448,1475]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">Šven</emphasis>
: Snieginio telmologinis draustinis,
<date id="FFBF1057FFC7FFF7FD29D2A3FCD75EF8" box="[680,796,1448,1475]" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" value="1998-06-05">5 VI 1998</date>
, leg. B. Š., 1, BSC.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31B651CFFC7FFF4FF46D2C7FDCB5A94" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="189" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BBE3697FFC7FFF7FF46D2C7FC5E5D31" blockId="5.[151,1437,1376,1763]" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC7FFF7FF46D2C7FE4D5EDC" bold="true" box="[199,390,1484,1511]" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">Earlier records.</emphasis>
This species previously was noted for
<collectingCountry id="F3167607FFC7FFF7FCC7D2C7FC7A5EDD" box="[838,945,1484,1510]" name="Lithuania" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">Lithuania</collectingCountry>
in the Catalogue of Palaearctic
<taxonomicName id="4C014D14FFC7FFF7FAA0D2C7FE0E5D30" authority="(Nikitsky &amp; Pollock 2008)" baseAuthorityName="Nikitsky &amp; Pollock" baseAuthorityYear="2008" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">
Coleoptera (
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B66FFC7FFF7FF1ED2FBFE765D30" author="Nikitsky, N. B. &amp; Pollock, D. A." box="[159,445,1520,1547]" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" pagination="64 - 72" refId="ref18809" refString="Nikitsky, N. B. &amp; Pollock, D. A. (2008) Melandryidae. In: Lobl, I. &amp; Smetana, A. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Vol. 5. Tenebrionoidea. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, pp. 64 - 72." type="book chapter" year="2008">Nikitsky &amp; Pollock 2008</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, but details of this record were unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE3697FFC7FFF7FF46D11FFEDC5D68" blockId="5.[151,1437,1376,1763]" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC7FFF7FF46D11FFE0F5D14" bold="true" box="[199,452,1556,1583]" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">General distribution.</emphasis>
This species is widely distributed in Europe, also noted from
<collectingCountry id="F3167607FFC7FFF7FB07D11FFB1D5D15" box="[1158,1238,1556,1582]" name="Turkey" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">Turkey</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B66FFC7FFF7FB64D11FFEC05D68" author="Nikitsky, N. B. &amp; Pollock, D. A." pageId="5" pageNumber="188" pagination="64 - 72" refId="ref18809" refString="Nikitsky, N. B. &amp; Pollock, D. A. (2008) Melandryidae. In: Lobl, I. &amp; Smetana, A. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Vol. 5. Tenebrionoidea. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, pp. 64 - 72." type="book chapter" year="2008">Nikitsky &amp; Pollock 2008</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE3697FFC7FFF7FF46D156FEBC5DD8" blockId="5.[151,1437,1376,1763]" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC7FFF7FF46D156FEDA5D4C" bold="true" box="[199,273,1629,1655]" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">Notes.</emphasis>
This species is insufficiently known in
<collectingCountry id="F3167607FFC7FFF7FD56D157FC8D5D4D" box="[727,838,1628,1654]" name="Lithuania" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">Lithuania</collectingCountry>
. It is regarded as an endangered species in
<collectingCountry id="F3167607FFC7FFF7FAB5D156FA575D4C" box="[1332,1436,1629,1655]" name="Germany" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">Germany</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B66FFC7FFF7FF1ED18BFE0B5DA0" author="Schmidl, J. van &amp; Bussler, H." box="[159,448,1664,1691]" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" pagination="202 - 218" refId="ref20448" refString="Schmidl, J. van &amp; Bussler, H. (2004) Okologische Gilden xylobionter Kafer Deutschlands. Einsatz in der landschaftsokolo- gischen Praxis-ein Bearbeitungsstandard [Ecological Guilds of xylobiontic beetles in Germany and their use in landscape ecological survey-a methodological Standard]. Naturschutz und Landschaftsplanung, 36 (7), 202 - 218." type="journal article" year="2004">Schmidl &amp; Bussler 2004</bibRefCitation>
).The larvae develop mainly in
<taxonomicName id="4C014D14FFC7FFF7FCAAD18AFC3C5DA1" authorityName="Pilat" authorityYear="1942" baseAuthorityName="Ach. ex Pers." box="[811,1015,1664,1690]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Hymenochaetaceae" genus="Inonotus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Hymenochaetales" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="obliquus">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC7FFF7FCAAD18AFC3C5DA1" box="[811,1015,1664,1690]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">Inonotus obliquus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B66FFC7FFF7FB89D18BFB7A5DA0" author="Nikitsky, N." box="[1032,1201,1664,1691]" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" pagination="8 - 30" refId="ref19311" refString="[Nikitsky, N. B] Нikitсkiй, Н. B. (2002) Лiciнki zukov-tiнoлюbov (Coleoptera: Melandryidae) Рoссii, с ZaмicaнiЯмi po takсoнoмii [The larvae of false darkling beetles (Coleoptera: Melandryidae) of Russia with notes on taxonomy]. BЮЛЛitiнь МOсKOvсKOGO OBщiсtva iсpыtatiЛiй pрiрOdы. OtdiЛ BiOЛOGiciсKiй, 107 (3), 8 - 30." type="journal article" year="2002">Nikitsky 2002</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B66FFC7FFF7FB3FD18BFF185D84" author="Nikitsky, N. B. &amp; Schigel, D. S." pageId="5" pageNumber="188" pagination="6 - 22" refId="ref19273" refString="Nikitsky, N. B. &amp; Schigel, D. S. (2004) Beetles in polypores of the Moscow region: checklist and ecological notes. Entomologica Fennica, 15, 6 - 22." type="journal article" year="2004">Nikitsky &amp; Schigel 2004</bibRefCitation>
), but also
<taxonomicName id="4C014D14FFC7FFF7FEC6D1AEFDD45D84" baseAuthorityName="Burakowski et al." baseAuthorityYear="1987" box="[327,543,1701,1727]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Polyporaceae" genus="Fomes" kingdom="Fungi" order="Polyporales" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="fomentarius">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC7FFF7FEC6D1AEFDD45D84" box="[327,543,1701,1727]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">Fomes fomentarius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C014D14FFC7FFF7FDACD1AFFD315D85" authorityName="Withering" authorityYear="1792" baseAuthorityName="Schaeff." box="[557,762,1700,1726]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Fistulinaceae" genus="Fistulina" kingdom="Fungi" order="Agaricales" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="hepatica">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC7FFF7FDACD1AFFD315D85" box="[557,762,1700,1726]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">Fistulina hepatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C014D14FFC7FFF7FC88D1AFFC6D5D85" authorityName="A. Ames" authorityYear="1913" baseAuthorityName="Brot. ex Fr." box="[777,934,1700,1726]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Hymenochaetaceae" genus="Phellinus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Hymenochaetales" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="species" species="pini">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC7FFF7FC88D1AFFC6D5D85" box="[777,934,1700,1726]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">Phellinus pini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are known host fungi for this species (
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B66FFC7FFF7FADAD1AEFEA15DD8" author="Burakowski, B. &amp; Mroczkowski, M. &amp; Stefanska, J." pageId="5" pageNumber="188" refId="ref15258" refString="Burakowski, B., Mroczkowski, M. &amp; Stefanska, J. (1987) Katalog fauny Polski. Vol. 13. Tom. 14. Chrzaszcze-Coleoptera. Cucujoidea [Catalogue of Polish fauna. Vol. 14. Beetles-Coleoptera. Cucujoidea]. Panstwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Warzawa, 309 pp." type="book" year="1987">
Burakowski
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC7FFF7FF6ED1C2FEEB5DD9" box="[239,288,1736,1762]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">et al</emphasis>
. 1987
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE3697FFC7FFF7FF16D001FDC95C1F" blockId="5.[151,1436,1802,2045]" box="[151,514,1802,1828]" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C014D14FFC7FFF7FF67D001FDC95C1F" authority="Mulsant, 1856" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1856" box="[230,514,1802,1828]" class="Demospongiae" family="Halichondriidae" genus="Anisoxya" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC7FFF7FF67D001FDC95C1F" bold="true" box="[230,514,1802,1828]" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC7FFF7FF67D001FE9A5C1F" bold="true" box="[230,337,1802,1828]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">Anisoxya</emphasis>
Mulsant, 1856
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE3697FFC7FFF7FF16D025FE095C73" blockId="5.[151,1436,1802,2045]" box="[151,450,1837,1864]" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC7FFF7FF16D025FE095C73" bold="true" box="[151,450,1837,1864]" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC7FFF7FF16D025FF6F5C73" bold="true" box="[151,164,1838,1864]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">*</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C014D14FFC7FFF7FF25D025FE095C73" authority="(Illiger, 1798)" baseAuthorityName="Illiger" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[164,450,1837,1864]" class="Demospongiae" family="Halichondriidae" genus="Anisoxya" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Suberitida" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="fuscula">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC7FFF7FF25D025FED75C73" bold="true" box="[164,284,1837,1864]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">A. fuscula</emphasis>
(Illiger, 1798)
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE3697FFC7FFF7FF46D059FEC55CAB" blockId="5.[151,1436,1802,2045]" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC7FFF7FF46D059FEAE5C57" bold="true" box="[199,357,1874,1900]" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">New records.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC7FFF7FEECD058FE575C57" box="[365,412,1875,1900]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">Kau</emphasis>
: Jiesios kraštovaizdžio draustinis,
<date id="FFBF1057FFC7FFF7FCA4D059FC625C57" box="[805,937,1874,1900]" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" value="2002-06-13">
13 VI
<materialsCitation id="3B693CCAFFC7FFF7FCEFD059FC625C57" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2416711822" box="[878,937,1874,1900]" collectionCode="AMC" collectorName="A. Merzijevskis" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">2002</materialsCitation>
</date>
, shaken from the bush branches, leg.
<collectorName id="26F45341FFC7FFF7FAD3D059FA5C5C57" box="[1362,1431,1874,1900]" name="A. Merzijevskis" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">A. M.</collectorName>
,
<specimenCount id="9D07FD1EFFC7FFF7FF16D07DFF715CAB" box="[151,186,1910,1936]" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
, AMC.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE3697FFC7FFF7FF46D092FE995CC7" blockId="5.[151,1436,1802,2045]" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC7FFF7FF46D092FE4F5C8F" bold="true" box="[199,388,1945,1972]" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">Earlier records.</emphasis>
This species was recorded from
<collectingCountry id="F3167607FFC7FFF7FD70D091FC975C8F" box="[753,860,1946,1972]" name="Lithuania" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">Lithuania</collectingCountry>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B66FFC7FFF7FC04D091FBFB5C8F" author="Tamutis, V." box="[901,1072,1946,1972]" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" pagination="54 - 62" refId="ref20883" refString="Tamutis, V. (2003) Eighty-two new for Lithuania beetle (Coleoptera) species. New and Rare for Lithuania Insect Species, 15, 54 - 62." type="journal article" year="2003">Tamutis (2003)</bibRefCitation>
in error. The specimen collected in Molėtai district
<date id="FFBF1057FFC7FFF7FEEAD0B5FE265CE3" box="[363,493,1982,2008]" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" value="2000-06-16">16 VI 2000</date>
was subsequently identified as
<taxonomicName id="4C014D14FFC7FFF7FCD9D0B5FB705CE3" authority="(Linnaeus, 1758)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[856,1211,1981,2008]" class="Insecta" family="Scraptiidae" genus="Anaspis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flava">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC7FFF7FCD9D0B5FC395CE3" box="[856,1010,1982,2008]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="188">Anaspis flava</emphasis>
(Linnaeus, 1758)
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="4C014D14FFC7FFF7FB4AD0B5FA845CE3" authorityName="Gistel" authorityYear="1848" box="[1227,1359,1982,2008]" class="Insecta" family="Scraptiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Scraptiidae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C014D14FFC7FFF7FAD8D0B5FF205CC6" authorityName="Mulsant" authorityYear="1856" class="Insecta" family="Scraptiidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Anaspidinae">Anaspidinae</taxonomicName>
) (KZM).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE3697FFC4FFF4FF46D793FD8C5BC0" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,359]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC4FFF4FF46D793FE085B88" bold="true" box="[199,451,152,179]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">General distribution.</emphasis>
This species is distributed mainly in Central Europe, to the north reaching southern
<collectingCountry id="F3167607FFC4FFF4FAE9D792FF0D5BEC" name="Norway" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">Norway</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F3167607FFC4FFF4FF7FD7B6FE9C5BEC" box="[254,343,189,215]" name="Sweden" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">Sweden</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B66FFC4FFF4FEE4D7B6FD4E5BEC" author="Nikitsky, N. B. &amp; Pollock, D. A." box="[357,645,189,215]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" pagination="64 - 72" refId="ref18809" refString="Nikitsky, N. B. &amp; Pollock, D. A. (2008) Melandryidae. In: Lobl, I. &amp; Smetana, A. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Vol. 5. Tenebrionoidea. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, pp. 64 - 72." type="book chapter" year="2008">Nikitsky &amp; Pollock 2008</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B66FFC4FFF4FD13D7B6FC885BEC" author="Konvicka, O." box="[658,835,189,215]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" pagination="203 - 206" refId="ref17030" refString="Konvicka, O. (2012) Notes on the distribution of beetles of the families Melandryidae and Tetratomidae in Western Palaearctic region. Klapalekiana, 48, 203 - 206." type="journal article" year="2012">Konvička 2012</bibRefCitation>
). It is very rare in
<collectingCountry id="F3167607FFC4FFF4FB92D7B6FBAA5BEC" box="[1043,1121,189,215]" name="Poland" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">Poland</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B66FFC4FFF4FBF1D7B6FA8E5BEC" author="Kubisz, D. &amp; Iwan, D. &amp; Tekarski, P." box="[1136,1349,189,215]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" pagination="1 - 470" refId="ref17492" refString="Kubisz, D., Iwan, D. &amp; Tekarski, P. (2014) Tenebrionoidea: Tetratomidae, Melandryidae, Ripiphoridae, Prostomidae, Oedemeridae, Mycteridae, Pythidae, Aderidae, Scraptiidae. Critical checklist, distribution in Poland and meta-analysis. In: Kaminski, M. (Ed.), Coleoptera Poloniae. Vol. 2. University of Warsaw, Warszawa, pp. 1 - 470" type="book chapter" year="2014">
Kubisz
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC4FFF4FB48D7B5FB305BEC" box="[1225,1275,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">et al</emphasis>
. 2014
</bibRefCitation>
), and is yet unknown from
<collectingCountry id="F3167607FFC4FFF4FEECD7EAFE7E5BC0" box="[365,437,225,251]" name="Latvia" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">Latvia</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F3167607FFC4FFF4FE6AD7EAFD885BC0" box="[491,579,225,251]" name="Estonia" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">Estonia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE3697FFC4FFF4FF46D60EFDD75A5C" blockId="6.[151,1437,152,359]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC4FFF4FF46D60EFEDA5A24" bold="true" box="[199,273,261,287]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">Notes.</emphasis>
This is the first actual record of this species in
<collectingCountry id="F3167607FFC4FFF4FC95D60EFC485A24" box="[788,899,261,287]" name="Lithuania" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">Lithuania</collectingCountry>
. The larvae develop on dead twigs of various deciduous trees, such as
<taxonomicName id="4C014D14FFC4FFF4FE0FD622FE335A78" authorityName="Sugim" authorityYear="1961" baseAuthorityName="Makino" box="[398,504,297,323]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Castanea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC4FFF4FE0FD622FE335A78" box="[398,504,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">Castanea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C014D14FFC4FFF4FD84D622FD955A78" authorityName="C.Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[517,606,297,323]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Corylus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC4FFF4FD84D622FD955A78" box="[517,606,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">Corylus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C014D14FFC4FFF4FDEAD622FD025A78" authorityName="C.Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[619,713,297,323]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC4FFF4FDEAD622FD025A78" box="[619,713,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">Quercus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C014D14FFC4FFF4FD56D622FCD65A78" authorityName="T. B. Lee" authorityYear="1966" baseAuthorityName="Nakai" box="[727,797,297,323]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Malus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC4FFF4FD56D622FCD65A78" box="[727,797,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">Malus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C014D14FFC4FFF4FCABD622FC485A78" authorityName="C.Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[810,899,297,323]" class="Trematoda" family="Hemiuridae" genus="Robinia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC4FFF4FCABD622FC485A78" box="[810,899,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">Robinia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="4C014D14FFC4FFF4FC3ED622FC3F5A78" authorityName="W. T. Lee" authorityYear="1996" baseAuthorityName="Nakai" box="[959,1012,297,323]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Acer" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC4FFF4FC3ED622FC3F5A78" box="[959,1012,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">Acer</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B66FFC4FFF4FB80D622FAC15A78" author="Burakowski, B. &amp; Mroczkowski, M. &amp; Stefanska, J." box="[1025,1290,297,323]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" refId="ref15258" refString="Burakowski, B., Mroczkowski, M. &amp; Stefanska, J. (1987) Katalog fauny Polski. Vol. 13. Tom. 14. Chrzaszcze-Coleoptera. Cucujoidea [Catalogue of Polish fauna. Vol. 14. Beetles-Coleoptera. Cucujoidea]. Panstwowe Wydawnictwo Naukowe, Warzawa, 309 pp." type="book" year="1987">
Burakowski
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC4FFF4FB10D621FB095A78" box="[1169,1218,297,323]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">et al</emphasis>
. 1987
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B66FFC4FFF4FA94D622FF185A5C" author="Burakowski, B." pageId="6" pageNumber="189" pagination="221 - 232" refId="ref15372" refString="Burakowski, B. (2004) The mature larva and imago of Anisoxya fuscula (Illiger, 1798) (Coleoptera: Melandryidae). Wiadom- ouci Entomologiczne, 23 (4), 221 - 232." type="journal article" year="2004">Burakowski 2004</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B66FFC4FFF4FF5FD646FDC45A5C" author="Hansen, L. O. &amp; Sagvolden, B. A." box="[222,527,332,359]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" pagination="134 - 136" refId="ref16449" refString="Hansen, L. O. &amp; Sagvolden, B. A. (1995) Notes on Norwegian Coleoptera. 2. Fauna Norvegica, B 42, 134 - 136." type="journal article" year="1995">Hansen &amp; Sagvolden 1995</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE3697FFC4FFF4FF16D69EFDCB5A94" blockId="6.[151,1437,404,1043]" box="[151,512,404,431]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C014D14FFC4FFF4FF67D69EFDCB5A94" authority="Fabricius, 1798" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1798" box="[230,512,404,431]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Dircaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC4FFF4FF67D69EFDCB5A94" bold="true" box="[230,512,404,431]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC4FFF4FF67D69EFE895A94" bold="true" box="[230,322,405,431]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">Dircaea</emphasis>
Fabricius, 1798
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31B651CFFC4FFF4FF16D6B2FE645ACC" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BBE3697FFC4FFF4FF16D6B2FE285AE8" blockId="6.[151,1437,404,1043]" box="[151,483,440,467]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">
<taxonomicName id="4C014D14FFC4FFF4FF16D6B2FE285AE8" authority="Fairmaire, 1856" authorityName="Fairmaire" authorityYear="1856" box="[151,483,440,467]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Dircaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC4FFF4FF16D6B2FE285AE8" bold="true" box="[151,483,440,467]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC4FFF4FF16D6B2FED65AE8" bold="true" box="[151,285,440,467]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">D. australis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B66FFC4FFF4FEA5D6B3FE285AE8" author="Fairmaire, L. M." box="[292,483,440,467]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" pagination="517 - 548" refId="ref15722" refString="Fairmaire, L. M. (1856) Miscellanea entomologica. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, Series 3, 4, 517 - 548." type="journal article" year="1856">Fairmaire, 1856</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE3697FFC4FFF4FF46D6D6FE645ACC" blockId="6.[151,1437,404,1043]" box="[199,431,477,503]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC4FFF4FF46D6D6FEAF5ACC" bold="true" box="[199,356,477,503]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">New records.</emphasis>
None.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31B651CFFC4FFF4FF46D50BFC055F28" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BBE3697FFC4FFF4FF46D50BFAC65920" blockId="6.[151,1437,404,1043]" box="[199,1293,512,539]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC4FFF4FF46D50BFE4F5920" bold="true" box="[199,388,512,539]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">Earlier records.</emphasis>
This species was found in Ukmergė district (
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B66FFC4FFF4FCFFD50AFB6E5920" author="Stanionis, D. &amp; Petrikas, T." box="[894,1189,513,539]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" pagination="39 - 48" refId="ref20619" refString="Stanionis, D. &amp; Petrikas, T. (2011) New and rare Coleoptera species in Lithuania. New and Rare for Lithuania Insect Species, 23, 39 - 48." type="journal article" year="2011">Stanionis &amp; Petrikas 2011</bibRefCitation>
) (KZM).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE3697FFC4FFF4FF46D52FFEB45990" blockId="6.[151,1437,404,1043]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC4FFF4FF46D52FFE0E5904" bold="true" box="[199,453,548,575]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">General distribution.</emphasis>
Previously
<taxonomicName id="4C014D14FFC4FFF4FDCDD52DFD195904" authorityName="Fairmaire" authorityYear="1856" box="[588,722,549,575]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Dircaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC4FFF4FDCDD52DFD195904" box="[588,722,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">D. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was regarded as distributed only in southwestern and southern parts of Europe (
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B66FFC4FFF4FED8D542FDC75958" author="Fairmaire, L. M." box="[345,524,584,611]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" pagination="517 - 548" refId="ref15722" refString="Fairmaire, L. M. (1856) Miscellanea entomologica. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France, Series 3, 4, 517 - 548." type="journal article" year="1856">Fairmaire 1856</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B66FFC4FFF4FD9BD542FCAD5958" author="Burakowski, B. &amp; Pollock, D." box="[538,870,585,611]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" pagination="37 - 46" refId="ref15314" refString="Burakowski, B. &amp; Pollock, D. (2003) Description of the immature stages of Dircaea quadriguttata (Paykull, 1798) with notes on adult copulative organs (Coleoptera: Melandryidae). Fragmenta Faunistica, 46, 37 - 46. https: // doi. org / 10.3161 / 00159301 FF 2003.46.1.037" type="journal article" year="2003">Burakowski &amp; Pollock 2003</bibRefCitation>
). However it was recorded in more recent papers also from southern
<collectingCountry id="F3167607FFC4FFF4FEF1D566FE0259BC" box="[368,457,621,647]" name="Sweden" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">Sweden</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B66FFC4FFF4FE56D566FCEC59BC" author="Lundberg, S. &amp; Gustafsson, B." box="[471,807,620,647]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" refId="ref17994" refString="Lundberg, S. &amp; Gustafsson, B. (1995) Catalogus coleopterorum Sueciae. Natural History Museum, Stockholm, 220 pp." type="book" year="1995">Lundberg &amp; Gustafsson 1995</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="F3167607FFC4FFF4FCBAD566FC5A59BC" box="[827,913,621,647]" name="Belarus" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">Belarus</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B66FFC4FFF4FC1ED566FB7059BC" author="Nikitsky, N. B. &amp; Pollock, D. A." box="[927,1211,621,647]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" pagination="64 - 72" refId="ref18809" refString="Nikitsky, N. B. &amp; Pollock, D. A. (2008) Melandryidae. In: Lobl, I. &amp; Smetana, A. (Eds.), Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Vol. 5. Tenebrionoidea. Apollo Books, Stenstrup, pp. 64 - 72." type="book chapter" year="2008">Nikitsky &amp; Pollock 2008</bibRefCitation>
) and eastern
<collectingCountry id="F3167607FFC4FFF4FACFD566FA5759BC" box="[1358,1436,621,647]" name="Poland" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">Poland</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B66FFC4FFF4FF1ED59AFEB85990" author="Kubisz, D. &amp; Iwan, D. &amp; Tekarski, P." box="[159,371,657,683]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" pagination="1 - 470" refId="ref17492" refString="Kubisz, D., Iwan, D. &amp; Tekarski, P. (2014) Tenebrionoidea: Tetratomidae, Melandryidae, Ripiphoridae, Prostomidae, Oedemeridae, Mycteridae, Pythidae, Aderidae, Scraptiidae. Critical checklist, distribution in Poland and meta-analysis. In: Kaminski, M. (Ed.), Coleoptera Poloniae. Vol. 2. University of Warsaw, Warszawa, pp. 1 - 470" type="book chapter" year="2014">
Kubisz
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC4FFF4FF76D599FEE35990" box="[247,296,657,683]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">et al</emphasis>
. 2014
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBE3697FFC4FFF4FF46D5BEFC055F28" blockId="6.[151,1437,404,1043]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC4FFF4FF46D5BEFEC159F4" bold="true" box="[199,266,693,719]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">Notes</emphasis>
. Two Lithuanian
<taxonomicName id="4C014D14FFC4FFF4FE59D5BDFDF859F4" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1798" box="[472,563,694,719]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Dircaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC4FFF4FE59D5BDFDF859F4" box="[472,563,694,719]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">Dircaea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens (males) were found under the bark of a dead deciduous tree, on
<date id="FFBF1057FFC4FFF4FF16D5D2FED459C8" box="[151,287,729,755]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" value="2008-06-30">30 VI 2008</date>
, by Tadas Petrikas. We studied the morphological characters including structures of genitalia of the specimens and compared them with descriptions of
<taxonomicName id="4C014D14FFC4FFF4FD5AD5F5FBCC5823" authority="(Paykull)" authorityName="Paykull" baseAuthorityName="Paykull" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[731,1031,765,792]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Dircaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="quadriguttata">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC4FFF4FD5AD5F5FC5C582C" box="[731,919,765,791]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">D. quadriguttata</emphasis>
(Paykull)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C014D14FFC4FFF4FBBDD5F5FAFF582C" authority="Fairmaire" authorityName="Fairmaire" authorityYear="1856" box="[1084,1332,765,791]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Dircaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC4FFF4FBBDD5F5FB0A582C" box="[1084,1217,765,791]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">D. australis</emphasis>
Fairmaire
</taxonomicName>
given by
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B66FFC4FFF4FF16D42AFE895800" author="Seidlitz, G." box="[151,322,801,827]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" pagination="365 - 680" refId="ref20332" refString="Seidlitz, G. (1898) Melandryidae. In: Erichson, W. F., Schaum, H., Kraatz, G., Kiesenwetter, H. van, Weise, J., Reitter, E. &amp; Seidlitz, G. (Eds.), Naturgeschichte der Insecten Deutschland. Band 5. Teil 2 [Natural history of German insects. Vol. 5. Part 2]. Nicolaishe Verlags-Buchhandlung, Berlin, pp. 365 - 680." type="book chapter" year="1898">Seidlitz (1898)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B66FFC4FFF4FECED42AFE215800" author="Kuhnt, P." box="[335,490,801,827]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" refId="ref17567" refString="Kuhnt, P. (1913) Illustrierte Bestimmungs-Tabellen der Kafer Deutschlands [An illustrated key-tables of German beetles]. E. Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung Nagele and Dr Sproesser, Stuttgart, 1138 pp." type="book" year="1913">Kuhnt (1913)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B66FFC4FFF4FE76D42AFD555807" author="Kaszab, Z." box="[503,670,801,828]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" pagination="196 - 213" refId="ref16960" refString="Kaszab, Z. (1969) Familie: Serropalpidae (Melandryidae). In: Freude, H., Harde, K. W. &amp; Lohse, G. A. (Eds.), Die Kafer Mit- teleuropas. Band 8 [The beetles of Middle Europe. Vol. 8]. Goecke &amp; Evers, Krefeld, pp. 196 - 213." type="book chapter" year="1969">Kaszab (1969)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B66FFC4FFF4FD2AD42AFC945800" author="Nikitsky, N. B." box="[683,863,801,827]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" pagination="435 - 476" refId="ref18605" refString="[Nikitsky, N. B.] Нikitсkiй, Н. B. (1992) Сiм. Melandryidae. B: Лiр, P. A. (Рid.), OpрidiЛitiЛь нaсiKOмыk DaЛьнiGO VOсtOKa. T. 3. C. 2 [Fam. Melandryidae. In: Ler, P. A. (Ed.), The key of insects of Far East. Vol. 3. Part 2]. Nauka, Saint- Petersburg, pp. 435 - 476." type="book chapter" year="1992">Nikitsky (1992)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B66FFC4FFF4FC19D42AFB3A5800" author="Burakowski, B. &amp; Pollock, D." box="[920,1265,801,827]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" pagination="37 - 46" refId="ref15314" refString="Burakowski, B. &amp; Pollock, D. (2003) Description of the immature stages of Dircaea quadriguttata (Paykull, 1798) with notes on adult copulative organs (Coleoptera: Melandryidae). Fragmenta Faunistica, 46, 37 - 46. https: // doi. org / 10.3161 / 00159301 FF 2003.46.1.037" type="journal article" year="2003">Burakowski &amp; Pollock (2003)</bibRefCitation>
. We concluded that our specimens completely fit the description of
<taxonomicName id="4C014D14FFC4FFF4FD5BD44DFC955864" authorityName="Fairmaire" authorityYear="1856" box="[730,862,837,863]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Dircaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC4FFF4FD5BD44DFC955864" box="[730,862,837,863]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">D. australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, having a compact, almost round yellow spot in the anterior half and almost round (not transverse) yellow spot in posterior half of elytra (
<figureCitation id="133A2A12FFC4FFF4FBE3D462FB7758B8" box="[1122,1212,873,899]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1299,1324]" captionTargetBox="[151,1438,381,1279]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1438,381,1279]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Dircaea australis (KZM): a—dorsal habitus; b—left lateral view of frontal part of habitus (arrow indicates lateral bead of pronotum); c—aedeagus (dorsal view, arrow indicates the endopallus); d—ninth sternite and tergite joined (dorsal view); e—eighth abdominal tergite (dorsal view, flattened); f—eighth abdominal sternite (dorsal view, flattened). Scale bar = 1 mm (Fig. a); 0.5 mm (Figs. bf)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3449117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3449117/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">Fig. 2 a</figureCitation>
); incomplete lateral bead (indistinct anteriorly) on the pronotum (
<figureCitation id="133A2A12FFC4FFF4FD0DD486FD2F5893" box="[652,740,909,936]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1299,1324]" captionTargetBox="[151,1438,381,1279]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1438,381,1279]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Dircaea australis (KZM): a—dorsal habitus; b—left lateral view of frontal part of habitus (arrow indicates lateral bead of pronotum); c—aedeagus (dorsal view, arrow indicates the endopallus); d—ninth sternite and tergite joined (dorsal view); e—eighth abdominal tergite (dorsal view, flattened); f—eighth abdominal sternite (dorsal view, flattened). Scale bar = 1 mm (Fig. a); 0.5 mm (Figs. bf)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3449117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3449117/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">Fig. 2 b</figureCitation>
), characteristic shapes of aedeagus (
<figureCitation id="133A2A12FFC4FFF4FBF6D486FB07589C" box="[1143,1228,909,935]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1299,1324]" captionTargetBox="[151,1438,381,1279]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1438,381,1279]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Dircaea australis (KZM): a—dorsal habitus; b—left lateral view of frontal part of habitus (arrow indicates lateral bead of pronotum); c—aedeagus (dorsal view, arrow indicates the endopallus); d—ninth sternite and tergite joined (dorsal view); e—eighth abdominal tergite (dorsal view, flattened); f—eighth abdominal sternite (dorsal view, flattened). Scale bar = 1 mm (Fig. a); 0.5 mm (Figs. bf)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3449117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3449117/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">Fig. 2 c</figureCitation>
), eighth, and ninth abdominal tergites, and sternites (
<figureCitation id="133A2A12FFC4FFF4FD99D4BAFD7A58F7" box="[536,689,945,972]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1299,1324]" captionTargetBox="[151,1438,381,1279]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1438,381,1279]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Dircaea australis (KZM): a—dorsal habitus; b—left lateral view of frontal part of habitus (arrow indicates lateral bead of pronotum); c—aedeagus (dorsal view, arrow indicates the endopallus); d—ninth sternite and tergite joined (dorsal view); e—eighth abdominal tergite (dorsal view, flattened); f—eighth abdominal sternite (dorsal view, flattened). Scale bar = 1 mm (Fig. a); 0.5 mm (Figs. bf)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3449117" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3449117/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">Figs 2 d, e, f</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C014D14FFC4FFF4FD46D4B9FC4658F0" authorityName="Fairmaire" authorityYear="1856" box="[711,909,945,971]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gesneriaceae" genus="Dircaea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC4FFF4FD46D4B9FC4658F0" box="[711,909,945,971]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">Dircaea australis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is regarded as a relict species associated with natural forest (
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B66FFC4FFF4FEBFD4DEFE1E58D4" author="Kaszab, Z." box="[318,469,981,1007]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" pagination="196 - 213" refId="ref16960" refString="Kaszab, Z. (1969) Familie: Serropalpidae (Melandryidae). In: Freude, H., Harde, K. W. &amp; Lohse, G. A. (Eds.), Die Kafer Mit- teleuropas. Band 8 [The beetles of Middle Europe. Vol. 8]. Goecke &amp; Evers, Krefeld, pp. 196 - 213." type="book chapter" year="1969">Kaszab 1969</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B66FFC4FFF4FE62D4DEFCCB58D4" author="Schmidl, J. van &amp; Bussler, H." box="[483,768,981,1007]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" pagination="202 - 218" refId="ref20448" refString="Schmidl, J. van &amp; Bussler, H. (2004) Okologische Gilden xylobionter Kafer Deutschlands. Einsatz in der landschaftsokolo- gischen Praxis-ein Bearbeitungsstandard [Ecological Guilds of xylobiontic beetles in Germany and their use in landscape ecological survey-a methodological Standard]. Naturschutz und Landschaftsplanung, 36 (7), 202 - 218." type="journal article" year="2004">Schmidl &amp; Bussler 2004</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B66FFC4FFF4FC8DD4DEFC1558D4" author="Muller, J. &amp; Bussler, H. &amp; Bense, U. &amp; Brustel, H. &amp; Flechtner, G. &amp; Fowles, A. &amp; Kahlen, M. &amp; Moller, G. &amp; Muhle, H. &amp; Schmidl, J." box="[780,990,980,1007]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" pagination="106 - 113" refId="ref18369" refString="Muller, J., Bussler, H., Bense, U., Brustel, H., Flechtner, G., Fowles, A., Kahlen, M., Moller, G., Muhle, H., Schmidl, J. &amp; Zabran- sky, P. (2005) Urwald relict species-saproxylic beetles indicating structural qualities and habitat tradition. Waldekologie online, 2, 106 - 113." type="journal article" year="2005">
Müller
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC4FFF4FCE0D4DDFC5F58D4" box="[865,916,981,1007]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">et al</emphasis>
. 2005
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B66FFC4FFF4FC6DD4DEFB7058D4" author="Eckelt, A. &amp; Muller, J. &amp; Bense, U. &amp; Brustel, H. &amp; Bussler, H. &amp; Chittaro, Y. &amp; Cizek, L. &amp; Frei, A. &amp; Holzer, E. &amp; Kadej, M. &amp; Kahlen, M. &amp; Kohler, F. &amp; Moller, G. &amp; Muhle, H. &amp; Sanchez, A. &amp; Schaffrath, U. &amp; Schmidl, J. &amp; Smolis, A. &amp; Szallies, A. &amp; Nemeth, T. &amp; Wurst, C. &amp; Thorn, S. &amp; Christensen, R. H. B. &amp; Seibold, S." box="[1004,1211,981,1007]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" pagination="15 - 28" refId="ref15507" refString="Eckelt, A., Muller, J., Bense, U., Brustel, H., Bussler, H., Chittaro, Y., Cizek, L., Frei, A., Holzer, E., Kadej, M., Kahlen, M., Kohler, F., Moller, G., Muhle, H., Sanchez, A., Schaffrath, U., Schmidl, J., Smolis, A., Szallies, A., Nemeth, T., Wurst, C., Thorn, S., Christensen, R. H. B. &amp; Seibold, S. (2018) &quot; Primeval forest relict beetles &quot; of Central Europe: set of 168 umbrella species for the protection of primeval forest remnants. Journal of Insect Conservation, 22 (1), 15 - 28. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / s 10841 - 017 - 0028 - 6" type="journal article" year="2018">
Eckelt
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC4FFF4FBBDD4DDFBA458D4" box="[1084,1135,981,1007]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">et al</emphasis>
. 2018
</bibRefCitation>
). Larvae develop in white-rotted wood of
<taxonomicName id="4C014D14FFC4FFF4FE0AD4F1FE1A5F28" authorityName="Farw" authorityYear="1924" baseAuthorityName="Loudon" box="[395,465,1018,1043]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Fagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC4FFF4FE0AD4F1FE1A5F28" box="[395,465,1018,1043]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">Fagus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C014D14FFC4FFF4FD86D4F2FDF45F28" authorityName="C.Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[519,575,1017,1043]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC4FFF4FD86D4F2FDF45F28" box="[519,575,1017,1043]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">Salix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B66FFC4FFF4FDCFD4F2FD2F5F28" author="Kaszab, Z." box="[590,740,1017,1043]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" pagination="196 - 213" refId="ref16960" refString="Kaszab, Z. (1969) Familie: Serropalpidae (Melandryidae). In: Freude, H., Harde, K. W. &amp; Lohse, G. A. (Eds.), Die Kafer Mit- teleuropas. Band 8 [The beetles of Middle Europe. Vol. 8]. Goecke &amp; Evers, Krefeld, pp. 196 - 213." type="book chapter" year="1969">Kaszab 1969</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EF904B66FFC4FFF4FD6ED4F2FC095F28" author="Kubisz, D. &amp; Iwan, D. &amp; Tekarski, P." box="[751,962,1017,1043]" pageId="6" pageNumber="189" pagination="1 - 470" refId="ref17492" refString="Kubisz, D., Iwan, D. &amp; Tekarski, P. (2014) Tenebrionoidea: Tetratomidae, Melandryidae, Ripiphoridae, Prostomidae, Oedemeridae, Mycteridae, Pythidae, Aderidae, Scraptiidae. Critical checklist, distribution in Poland and meta-analysis. In: Kaminski, M. (Ed.), Coleoptera Poloniae. Vol. 2. University of Warsaw, Warszawa, pp. 1 - 470" type="book chapter" year="2014">
Kubisz
<emphasis id="B975EA85FFC4FFF4FCC7D4F1FCBC5F28" box="[838,887,1017,1043]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="189">et al</emphasis>
. 2014
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>