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<mods:title id="CF986723F359A73015306AE358340D08">Benstonea Callm. &amp; Buerki (Pandanaceae): characterization, circumscription, and distribution of a new genus of screw-pines, with a synopsis of accepted species</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="8C5F025D61817134CD0A6EA1BF122347">Missouri Botanical Garden, P. O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO, 63166 - 0299, U. S. A. and Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève, CP 60, CH- 1292 Chambésy, Switzerland.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="81A07BA20E13643A78D9B237819E0C36">Missouri Botanical Garden, P. O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO, 63166 - 0299, U. S. A. and Département Systématique et Evolution (UMR 7205), Muséum National dHistoire Naturelle, case postale 39, rue Cuvier 57, 75231 Paris (Cedex) 05, France.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="CD5BF57CCFE40DB409A0255FD03DF757">Forest, Félix</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="3F76BC8C3E19C97CE99FCDF0B69F41DF">JodrellLaboratory, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW 9 3 DS, United Kingdom.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="635881AC00786B5A419C093D52BF4CB2">Beentje, Henk</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="BF2103CED88B490BE41ED781C68AB405">Herbarium, Library, Art &amp; Archives, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW 9 3 DS, United Kingdom.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="CA93A2B682D7E54891901B90363E321C">Buerki, Sven</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="4897788B81BD3B084CFE08034590651E">Candollea</mods:title>
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16.
<taxonomicName id="4C5BC6DC1D172B4E5E43FD7C72595393" ID-CoL="LHHW" authority="(Roxb.) Callm. &amp; Buerki" authorityName="Callm. &amp; Buerki" baseAuthorityName="Roxb." box="[889,1349,655,679]" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Benstonea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="10" pageNumber="333" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="foetida" status="comb.nova.">
<emphasis id="B92F614D1D172B4E5E43FD7C73265393" bold="true" box="[889,1082,655,679]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="333">Benstonea foetida</emphasis>
(Roxb.) Callm. &amp; Buerki
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,
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<treatmentCitation id="0AFA9B4E1D172B4E5EADFD4474C853DB" author="Roxb." page="742" pageId="10" pageNumber="333" year="1832">
<taxonomicName id="4C5BC6DC1D172B4E5EADFD4473AF53FB" ID-CoL="6TLHG" authority="Roxb., Fl. Ind." authorityName="Roxb., Fl. Ind." box="[919,1203,695,719]" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Pandanus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="10" pageNumber="333" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="foetidus">
<emphasis id="B92F614D1D172B4E5EADFD44737953FB" box="[919,1125,695,719]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="333">Pandanus foetidus</emphasis>
Roxb.
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, Fl. Ind. ed. 1832, 3: 742. 1832.
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<treatmentCitation id="0AFA9B4E1D172B4E5EADFD0C73555203" author="Martelli" journal="Webbia" page="36" pageId="10" pageNumber="333" score="9.729594737742866" volume="4" year="1913">
<taxonomicName id="4C5BC6DC1D172B4E5EADFD0C73FA5223" ID-CoL="4CBDB" authority="Martelli" authorityName="Martelli" box="[919,1254,767,791]" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Pandanus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="10" pageNumber="333" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="wallichianus">
<emphasis id="B92F614D1D172B4E5EADFD0C73905223" box="[919,1164,767,791]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="333">Pandanus wallichianus</emphasis>
Martelli
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in Webbia 4: 36. 1913 [nomen nudum].
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<materialsCitation id="3B33B7021D172B4E5E43FCB573FF524A" collectionCode="K" collectorName="Wallich" country="Myanmar" location="Amherst" municipality="Amherst" pageId="10" pageNumber="333" specimenCode="K000781275" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="neotype">
<emphasis id="B92F614D1D172B4E5E43FCB574FD526A" bold="true" box="[889,993,838,862]" pageId="10" pageNumber="333">
<typeStatus id="54E003FD1D172B4E5E43FCB574FD526A" box="[889,993,838,862]" pageId="10" pageNumber="333" type="neotype">Neotypus</typeStatus>
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(designated here):
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<collectingCountry id="F34CFDCF1D172B4E599DFCB573E95269" box="[1191,1269,838,862]" name="Myanmar" pageId="10" pageNumber="333">BURMA</collectingCountry>
:
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<collectingMunicipality id="6B8027251D172B4E583EFCB5727C526A" box="[1284,1376,838,862]" pageId="10" pageNumber="333">Amherst</collectingMunicipality>
, 1827,
<emphasis id="B92F614D1D172B4E5890FCB572D3526A" box="[1450,1487,838,862]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="333">Cat</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B92F614D1D172B4E5E43FC957316524A" box="[889,1034,870,894]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="333">
<collectorName id="26AED8891D172B4E5E43FC9574D0524A" box="[889,972,870,894]" pageId="10" pageNumber="333">Wallich</collectorName>
8588
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4A259A1D172B4E5923FC957332524A" box="[1049,1070,870,894]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="10" pageNumber="333" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="DBFD15241D172B4E5901FC9573C4524A" box="[1083,1240,870,894]" collectionCode="K" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="10" pageNumber="333" type="Herbarium">K000781275</specimenCode>
]!
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B33B7021D172B4E59D4FC9572C052AA" collectionCode="K, M" collectorName="Wallich" country="Myanmar" location="Amherst" municipality="Amherst" pageId="10" pageNumber="333" specimenCode="K000781 276, M0175808, M0175809, M0175813" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="isoneotype">
<typeStatus id="54E003FD1D172B4E59D4FC95725F524A" box="[1262,1347,870,894]" pageId="10" pageNumber="333" type="isoneotype">isoneo-</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="ED4A259A1D172B4E5874FC95727D524A" box="[1358,1377,870,894]" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" pageId="10" pageNumber="333" type="Herbarium">K</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="DBFD15241D172B4E5854FC9574BB52AA" pageId="10" pageNumber="333">K000781 276</specimenCode>
]!,
<collectionCode id="ED4A259A1D172B4E5E81FC7574CF52AA" box="[955,979,902,926]" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="10" pageNumber="333" type="Herbarium">M</collectionCode>
[
<specimenCode id="DBFD15241D172B4E5EE4FC75734D52AA" box="[990,1105,902,926]" collectionCode="M" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="10" pageNumber="333" type="Herbarium">M0175808</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DBFD15241D172B4E5961FC7573D152AA" box="[1115,1229,902,926]" collectionCode="M" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="10" pageNumber="333" type="Herbarium">M0175809</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="DBFD15241D172B4E59ECFC75725452AA" box="[1238,1352,902,926]" collectionCode="M" country="Germany" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15637" name="Botanische Staatssammlung München" pageId="10" pageNumber="333" type="Herbarium">M0175813</specimenCode>
] images seen).
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C341EED41D172B4E5E43FC5D72325532" pageId="10" pageNumber="333" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BE4BD5F1D172B4E5E43FC5D72325532" blockId="10.[843,1495,942,1549]" pageId="10" pageNumber="333">
<emphasis id="B92F614D1D172B4E5E43FC5D739C52F2" box="[889,1152,942,966]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="333">Distribution and ecology</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C5BC6DC1D172B4E599BFC5D724252F2" box="[1185,1374,942,966]" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Benstonea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="10" pageNumber="333" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="foetida">
<emphasis id="B92F614D1D172B4E599BFC5D724252F2" box="[1185,1374,942,966]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="333">Benstonea foetida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is found in lowland and swamp forests around the Bay of Bengal in
<collectingCountry id="F34CFDCF1D172B4E5E71FC1D74D65532" box="[843,970,1006,1030]" name="Bangladesh" pageId="10" pageNumber="333">Bangladesh</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="F34CFDCF1D172B4E5EEFFC1D73025532" box="[981,1054,1006,1030]" name="Myanmar" pageId="10" pageNumber="333">Burma</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="F34CFDCF1D172B4E5968FC1D73955532" box="[1106,1161,1006,1030]" name="India" pageId="10" pageNumber="333">India</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFCAC0AE1D172B4E59A2FC1D723E5532" author="STONE" box="[1176,1314,1006,1030]" firstAuthor="STONE" pageId="10" pageNumber="333" pagination="1 - 74" refId="ref16436" refString="STONE, B. C. (1978). Revisio Pandanacearum, Part I. Pandanus subgenera Coronata and Acrostigma. Flora Malesiana precursores. Fed. Mus. J. 23: 1 - 74." type="journal article" year="1978">STONE, 1978</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C341EED41D172B4E5E43FBE673F15739" pageId="10" pageNumber="333" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE4BD5F1D172B4E5E43FBE673F15739" blockId="10.[843,1495,942,1549]" pageId="10" pageNumber="333">
<emphasis id="B92F614D1D172B4E5E43FBE673125519" box="[889,1038,1045,1069]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="333">Observations.</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCAC0AE1D172B4E5913FBE673935518" author="ROXBURG, W." box="[1065,1167,1045,1069]" journalOrPublisher="Calcutta &amp; London" pageId="10" pageNumber="333" part="3" refId="ref15843" refString="ROXBURG, W. (1832). FloraIndicaordescriptionsofIndianplants. 3. Calcutta &amp; London." title="FloraIndicaordescriptionsofIndianplants" type="book" year="1832">ROXBURG</bibRefCitation>
described this species in
<quantity id="4CA310BA1D172B4E589AFBE6747C5579" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.65328" pageId="10" pageNumber="333" unit="in" value="1832.0">1832 in</quantity>
his
<emphasis id="B92F614D1D172B4E5EB7FBC673085579" box="[909,1044,1077,1101]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="333">Flora Indica</emphasis>
. He wrote that it grew wild in Bengal and was cultivated at the Royal Botanic Gardens in Calcutta. A careful search of various herbaria known to hold collections made by Roxburg failed to reveal any authentic material of
<taxonomicName id="4C5BC6DC1D172B4E5E71FB46731755F9" box="[843,1035,1205,1229]" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Benstonea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="10" pageNumber="333" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="foetida">
<emphasis id="B92F614D1D172B4E5E71FB46731755F9" box="[843,1035,1205,1229]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="333">Benstonea foetida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In
<bibRefCitation id="EFCAC0AE1D172B4E590FFB46738655F9" author="WALLICH, N." box="[1077,1178,1205,1229]" journalOrPublisher="London" pageId="10" pageNumber="333" refId="ref16835" refString="WALLICH, N. (1831). A numerical list of dried plantsinthe East India Company's Museum. London." title="A numerical list of dried plantsinthe East India Company's Museum" type="book" year="1831">WALLICH</bibRefCitation>
s catalogue (1831), published the year before the protologue, two collections can be attributed to
<emphasis id="B92F614D1D172B4E5EA7FB06721A5439" box="[925,1286,1269,1293]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="333">
<taxonomicName id="4C5BC6DC1D172B4E5EA7FB0673775439" authority=": Wallich" authorityName="Wallich" box="[925,1131,1269,1293]" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Pandanus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="10" pageNumber="333" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="foetidus">Pandanus foetidus</taxonomicName>
: Wallich 8588
</emphasis>
&amp;
<emphasis id="B92F614D1D172B4E5813FB0672435439" box="[1321,1375,1269,1293]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="333">8591</emphasis>
. The latter of these represents a staminate inflorescence (E [E00567756] image seen; FI image seen; Kimage seen; M [M0175810] image seen) from Sillet [
<collectingRegion id="499F73BD1D172B4E5971FAA6738F5459" box="[1099,1171,1365,1389]" country="Bangladesh" name="Sylhet" pageId="10" pageNumber="333">Sylhet</collectingRegion>
] in
<collectingCountry id="F34CFDCF1D172B4E5980FAA672245459" box="[1210,1336,1365,1389]" name="Bangladesh" pageId="10" pageNumber="333">Bangladesh</collectingCountry>
. The other collection,
<emphasis id="B92F614D1D172B4E5E98FA86732B54B9" box="[930,1079,1397,1421]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="333">Wallich 8588,</emphasis>
consists of leaves and separate drupes from Amherst in
<collectingCountry id="F34CFDCF1D172B4E5EC6FA66735F5499" box="[1020,1091,1429,1453]" name="Myanmar" pageId="10" pageNumber="333">Burma</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFCAC0AE1D172B4E596AFA6673E85499" author="WALLICH" box="[1104,1268,1429,1453]" firstAuthor="WALLICH" pageId="10" pageNumber="333" pagination="476 - 482" refId="ref16856" refString="WALLICH, N. (2005). Brief Excursion to the Hills to the East of Ava in November 1826. SOASBulletinof Burma Research 3: 476 - 482." type="journal article" year="2005">WALLICH, 2005</bibRefCitation>
). This collection, held at Kwith some possible duplicates in M, was cited under the
<emphasis id="B92F614D1D172B4E5E71FA2674C354D9" box="[843,991,1493,1517]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="333">nomen nudum</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5BC6DC1D172B4E5ED1FA26739F54D9" authority="(MARTELLI, 1913)" baseAuthorityName="MARTELLI" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[1003,1155,1493,1517]" class="Liliopsida" family="Pandanaceae" genus="Pandanus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pandanales" pageId="10" pageNumber="333" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="wallichianus">
<emphasis id="B92F614D1D172B4E5ED1FA26739F54D9" box="[1003,1155,1493,1517]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="333">P.wallichianus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFCAC0AE1D172B4E59ADFA26725954D9" author="MARTELLI" box="[1175,1349,1493,1517]" firstAuthor="MARTELLI" pageId="10" pageNumber="333" pagination="5 - 40" refId="ref15788" refString="MARTELLI, U. (1913). Enumerazione delle &quot; Pandanaceae &quot;. II. Pandanus. Webbia 4: 5 - 40." type="journal article" year="1913">MARTELLI, 1913</bibRefCitation>
). The Kspecimen is here designated as the
<typeStatus id="54E003FD1D172B4E59ABFA0673F55739" box="[1169,1257,1525,1549]" pageId="10" pageNumber="333" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>