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Silva-Oliveira 
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, Rio Cupari drainage: abundance and distribution).
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SL (2 c&amp;s, 
<quantity id="4CB895E14F0CFFAAA395FB460310FB54" box="[460,626,1227,1254]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.715" metricValueMax="3.95" metricValueMin="3.4799999999999995" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" unit="mm" value="37.15" valueMax="39.5" valueMin="34.8">34.8–39.5 mm</quantity>
SL), igarapé 
<location id="8E9F6EDF4F0CFFAAA14AFB4602C9FB57" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E989124F0CFFADA2CEFC000441F916:8E9F6EDF4F0CFFAAA14AFB4602C9FB57" box="[787,939,1227,1253]" country="Brazil" county="All" latitude="-3.9845278" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-54.913723" municipality="Ruropolis" name="Cachoeirinha" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" stateProvince="Para">Cachoeirinha</location>
, tributary of 
<location id="8E9F6EDF4F0CFFAAA61CFB46059CFB54" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E989124F0CFFADA2CEFC000441F916:8E9F6EDF4F0CFFAAA61CFB46059CFB54" box="[1093,1278,1227,1254]" country="Brazil" county="All" latitude="-3.9845278" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-54.913723" municipality="Ruropolis" name="rio Braco Oeste" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" stateProvince="Para">rio Braço Oeste</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE745EC34F0CFFAAA755FB4104FAFB54" box="[1292,1432,1228,1254]" degrees="4" direction="south" minutes="14" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" precision="1" seconds="49.9" value="-4.2471943">4º14’49.9”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE745EC34F0CFFAAA2CEFB62002AFAB8" box="[151,328,1263,1290]" degrees="55" direction="west" minutes="28" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" precision="1" seconds="08.54" value="-55.46904">55º28’08.54”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFFE1EC44F0CFFAAA30CFB7D0089FAB8" box="[341,491,1264,1290]" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" value="2014-12-09">
<collectingDate id="EFBAE72C4F0CFFAAA30CFB7D0089FAB8" box="[341,491,1264,1290]" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" value="2014-12-09">09 Dec 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
, F. 
<collectionCode id="ED51A0C14F0CFFAAA04CFB7D0349FAB8" box="[533,555,1264,1290]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">R</collectionCode>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED51A0C14F0CFFAAA061FB7D032EFAB8" box="[568,588,1264,1290]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
. 
<collectorName id="26B55DD24F0CFFAAA001FB6203B0FAB8" box="[600,722,1263,1290]" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">Ribeiro, C</collectorName>
. 
<collectorName id="26B55DD24F0CFFAAA086FB6202D9FAB8" box="[735,955,1263,1290]" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">Silva-Oliveira, J. S</collectorName>
. Sousa &amp; 
<collectorName id="26B55DD24F0CFFAAA66AFB7D059DFAB8" box="[1075,1279,1263,1290]" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">D. J. A. de Sousa</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="3B2832594F0CFFAAA755FB7D05B0FAE3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2573313383" collectingDate="2013-09-01" collectionCode="MCP" collectorName="A. L. C. Canto &amp; C. Silva-Oliveira" country="Brazil" latitude="-3.9845278" longitude="-54.913723" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" specimenCode="14" stateProvince="Para State">
<collectionCode id="ED51A0C14F0CFFAAA755FB7D0424FAB8" box="[1292,1350,1264,1290]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/bqgs-f9q8" name="Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">MCP</collectionCode>
54280, 
<specimenCode id="DBE6907F4F0CFFAAA2CEFA9901D7FA9C" box="[151,181,1300,1326]" collectionCode="MCP" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/bqgs-f9q8" name="Pontificia Universidade Catolica do Rio Grande do Sul" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">14</specimenCode>
, 
<quantity id="4CB895E14F0CFFAAA29DFA9E0009FA9C" box="[196,363,1299,1326]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4099999999999993" metricValueMax="4.18" metricValueMin="2.6399999999999997" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" unit="mm" value="34.099999999999994" valueMax="41.8" valueMin="26.4">26.4–41.8 mm</quantity>
SL, unnamed stream tributary of 
<location id="8E9F6EDF4F0CFFAAA0A1FA9E0206FA9F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E989124F0CFFADA2CEFC000441F916:8E9F6EDF4F0CFFAAA0A1FA9E0206FA9F" box="[760,868,1299,1325]" country="Brazil" county="All" latitude="-3.9845278" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-54.913723" municipality="Ruropolis" name="rio Tinga" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" stateProvince="Para">rio Tinga</location>
, 
<location id="8E9F6EDF4F0CFFAAA12AFA9E02ABFA9C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E989124F0CFFADA2CEFC000441F916:8E9F6EDF4F0CFFAAA12AFA9E02ABFA9C" box="[883,969,1299,1326]" country="Brazil" county="All" latitude="-3.9845278" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-54.913723" municipality="Ruropolis" name="rio Lux" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" stateProvince="Para">rio Lux</location>
drainage, 
<location id="8E9F6EDF4F0CFFAAA61CFA9E04FBFA9F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E989124F0CFFADA2CEFC000441F916:8E9F6EDF4F0CFFAAA61CFA9E04FBFA9F" box="[1093,1433,1299,1325]" country="Brazil" county="All" latitude="-3.9845278" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-54.913723" municipality="Ruropolis" name="Floresta Nacional do Tapajos" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" stateProvince="Para">Floresta Nacional do Tapajós</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE745EC34F0CFFAAA2CEFABA0041FAE0" box="[151,291,1335,1362]" degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" precision="1" seconds="04.3" value="-3.9845278">3º59’04.3”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE745EC34F0CFFAAA369FABA00B0FAE0" box="[304,466,1335,1362]" degrees="54" direction="west" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" precision="1" seconds="49.4" value="-54.913723">54º54’49.4”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFFE1EC44F0CFFAAA386FAB50313FAE0" box="[479,625,1336,1362]" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" value="2013-09-01">
<collectingDate id="EFBAE72C4F0CFFAAA386FAB50313FAE0" box="[479,625,1336,1362]" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" value="2013-09-01">01 Sep 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26B55DD24F0CFFAAA022FAB5024AFAE0" box="[635,808,1336,1362]" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">A. L. C. Canto</collectorName>
, F. 
<collectionCode id="ED51A0C14F0CFFAAA108FAB50205FAE0" box="[849,871,1336,1362]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">R</collectionCode>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED51A0C14F0CFFAAA12AFAB502E5FAE0" box="[883,903,1336,1362]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
. Ribeiro &amp; 
<collectorName id="26B55DD24F0CFFAAA657FAB505B0FAE3" box="[1038,1234,1335,1362]" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">C. Silva-Oliveira</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="3B2832594F0CFFAAA687FAB503A3FAC7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2573313382" collectionCode="UFOPA-I" country="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" specimenCode="UFOPA-I 297" stateProvince="Para State">
<specimenCode id="DBE6907F4F0CFFAAA687FAB5041EFAE0" box="[1246,1404,1336,1362]" collectionCode="UFOPA-I" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">UFOPA-I 297</specimenCode>
(3 c&amp;s, 
<quantity id="4CB895E14F0CFFAAA28AFAD10014FAC4" box="[211,374,1372,1398]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.865" metricValueMax="4.01" metricValueMin="3.72" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" unit="mm" value="38.65" valueMax="40.1" valueMin="37.2">37.2–40.1 mm</quantity>
SL), collected with holotype
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="3B2832594F0CFFAAA092FAD103F8FA53" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2573313380" collectingDate="2016-05-18" collectionCode="R" collectorName="A. L. C. Canto &amp; Ribeiro &amp; C. Silva-Oliveira" country="Brazil" latitude="-3.9559722" longitude="-55.083664" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" specimenCode="UFOPA-I 298, 9, UFOPA-I 299, 13" stateProvince="Para State" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCode id="DBE6907F4F0CFFAAA092FAD1020EFAC4" box="[715,876,1372,1398]" collectionCode="UFOPA-I" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">UFOPA-I 298</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode id="DBE6907F4F0CFFAAA12EFAD102E5FAC4" box="[887,903,1372,1398]" collectionCode="UFOPA-I" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">9</specimenCode>
, 
<quantity id="4CB895E14F0CFFAAA1CAFAD10555FAC4" box="[915,1079,1372,1398]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.745" metricValueMax="4.32" metricValueMin="3.17" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" unit="mm" value="37.45" valueMax="43.2" valueMin="31.7">31.7–43.2 mm</quantity>
SL (1 c&amp;s, 
<quantity id="4CB895E14F0CFFAAA6E6FAD10441FAC4" box="[1215,1315,1372,1398]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.31" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" unit="mm" value="33.1">33.1 mm</quantity>
SL), same data of the 
<typeStatus id="54FB86A64F0CFFAAA345FAF200E3FA2B" box="[284,385,1407,1433]" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, 
<date id="FFFE1EC44F0CFFAAA3D6FA0D034FFA2B" box="[399,557,1407,1434]" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" value="2016-05-18">
<collectingDate id="EFBAE72C4F0CFFAAA3D6FA0D034FFA2B" box="[399,557,1407,1434]" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" value="2016-05-18">18 May 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
. 
<specimenCode id="DBE6907F4F0CFFAAA060FA0D03BEFA28" box="[569,732,1408,1434]" collectionCode="UFOPA-I" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">UFOPA-I 299</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode id="DBE6907F4F0CFFAAA0B0FA0D0265FA28" box="[745,775,1408,1434]" collectionCode="UFOPA-I" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">13</specimenCode>
, 
<quantity id="4CB895E14F0CFFAAA14FFAF202DEFA28" box="[790,956,1407,1434]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4299999999999997" metricValueMax="4.63" metricValueMin="2.23" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" unit="mm" value="34.3" valueMax="46.3" valueMin="22.3">22.3–46.3 mm</quantity>
SL (2 c&amp;s, 
<quantity id="4CB895E14F0CFFAAA615FAF20590FA28" box="[1100,1266,1407,1434]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.77" metricValueMax="4.63" metricValueMin="2.91" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" unit="mm" value="37.7" valueMax="46.3" valueMin="29.1">29.1–46.3 mm</quantity>
SL), unnamed stream tributary of 
<location id="8E9F6EDF4F0CFFAAA329FA2E0342FA0C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E989124F0CFFADA2CEFC000441F916:8E9F6EDF4F0CFFAAA329FA2E0342FA0C" box="[368,544,1443,1470]" country="Brazil" county="All" latitude="-3.9845278" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-54.913723" municipality="Ruropolis" name="rio Braco Leste" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" stateProvince="Para">rio Braço Leste</location>
, 
<location id="8E9F6EDF4F0CFFAAA075FA2E0215FA0F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E989124F0CFFADA2CEFC000441F916:8E9F6EDF4F0CFFAAA075FA2E0215FA0F" box="[556,887,1443,1469]" country="Brazil" county="All" latitude="-3.9845278" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-54.913723" municipality="Ruropolis" name="Floresta Nacional do Tapajos" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" stateProvince="Para">Floresta Nacional do Tapajós</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE745EC34F0CFFAAA1DBFA2E056CFA0C" box="[898,1038,1443,1470]" degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="57" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" precision="1" seconds="21.5" value="-3.9559722">3º57’21.5”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE745EC34F0CFFAAA643FA2E05DEFA0C" box="[1050,1212,1443,1470]" degrees="55" direction="west" minutes="05" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" precision="1" seconds="01.2" value="-55.083664">55º05’01.2”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFFE1EC44F0CFFAAA691FA29043AFA0C" box="[1224,1368,1444,1470]" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" value="2013-09-29">
<collectingDate id="EFBAE72C4F0CFFAAA691FA29043AFA0C" box="[1224,1368,1444,1470]" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" value="2013-09-29">29 Sep 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26B55DD24F0CFFAAA738FA29019FFA50" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">A. L. C. Canto</collectorName>
, F. 
<collectionCode id="ED51A0C14F0CFFAAA37AFA45005BFA50" box="[291,313,1480,1506]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">R</collectionCode>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED51A0C14F0CFFAAA31AFA450035FA50" box="[323,343,1480,1506]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
. 
<collectorName id="26B55DD24F0CFFAAA338FA4A00D7FA53" box="[353,437,1479,1505]" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">Ribeiro</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26B55DD24F0CFFAAA381FA4503F8FA53" box="[472,666,1479,1506]" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">C. Silva-Oliveira</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="3B2832594F0CFFAAA0FDFA4501BFF998" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2573313378" collectingDate="2014-12-09" collectionCode="R" collectorName="Ribeiro, C &amp; Silva-Oliveira, J. S &amp; D. J. A. de Sousa" country="Brazil" latitude="-4.1735277" longitude="-55.44461" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" specimenCode="UFOPA-I 300, 1" stateProvince="Para State">
<specimenCode id="DBE6907F4F0CFFAAA0FDFA450226FA50" box="[676,836,1480,1506]" collectionCode="UFOPA-I" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">UFOPA-I 300</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode id="DBE6907F4F0CFFAAA117FA45023EFA50" box="[846,860,1480,1506]" collectionCode="UFOPA-I" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">1</specimenCode>
, 
<quantity id="4CB895E14F0CFFAAA133FA4502ACFA50" box="[874,974,1480,1506]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.17" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" unit="mm" value="31.7">31.7 mm</quantity>
SL, 
<location id="8E9F6EDF4F0CFFAAA65BFA4A05C6FA53" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E989124F0CFFADA2CEFC000441F916:8E9F6EDF4F0CFFAAA65BFA4A05C6FA53" box="[1026,1188,1479,1505]" country="Brazil" county="All" latitude="-3.9845278" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-54.913723" municipality="Ruropolis" name="rio Peixotinho" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" stateProvince="Para">rio Peixotinho</location>
, tributary of 
<location id="8E9F6EDF4F0CFFAAA76DFA4A01B8F9B4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E989124F0CFFADA2CEFC000441F916:8E9F6EDF4F0CFFAAA76DFA4A01B8F9B4" country="Brazil" county="All" latitude="-3.9845278" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-54.913723" municipality="Ruropolis" name="rio Braco Oeste" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" stateProvince="Para">rio Braço Oeste</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE745EC34F0CFFAAA2BEFA61001CF9B4" box="[231,382,1516,1542]" degrees="4" direction="south" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" precision="1" seconds="24.7" value="-4.1735277">4°10’24.7’’ S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE745EC34F0CFFAAA3D5FA66035EF9B4" box="[396,572,1515,1542]" degrees="55" direction="west" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" precision="1" seconds="40.6" value="-55.44461">55°26’40.6’’ W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFFE1EC44F0CFFAAA011FA6103BCF9B4" box="[584,734,1516,1542]" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" value="2014-12-09">
<collectingDate id="EFBAE72C4F0CFFAAA011FA6103BCF9B4" box="[584,734,1516,1542]" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" value="2014-12-09">09 Dec 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
, F. 
<collectionCode id="ED51A0C14F0CFFAAA15EFA61027FF9B4" box="[775,797,1516,1542]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">R</collectionCode>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED51A0C14F0CFFAAA170FA61025FF9B4" box="[809,829,1516,1542]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
. 
<collectorName id="26B55DD24F0CFFAAA110FA6602A1F9B4" box="[841,963,1515,1542]" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">Ribeiro, C</collectorName>
. 
<collectorName id="26B55DD24F0CFFAAA196FA6605C8F9B4" box="[975,1194,1515,1542]" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">Silva-Oliveira, J. S</collectorName>
. Sousa &amp; 
<collectorName id="26B55DD24F0CFFAAA778FA6101BFF998" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">D. J. A. de Sousa</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="3B2832594F0CFFAAA2B1F99D0593F9FC" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2573313379" collectingDate="2015-10-31" collectionCode="UNT" collectorName="Ribeiro, A. L. C &amp; Canto, C &amp; Silva-Oliveira, J. S &amp; D. J. A. de Sousa" country="Brazil" latitude="-4.19375" longitude="-55.492443" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" specimenCode="3" stateProvince="Para State">
<collectionCode id="ED51A0C14F0CFFAAA2B1F99D0043F998" box="[232,289,1552,1578]" country="Argentina" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9qsd-ymew" name="Universidad nacional de Tucumn" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">UNT</collectionCode>
20996, 
<specimenCode id="DBE6907F4F0CFFAAA323F99D00EBF998" box="[378,393,1552,1578]" collectionCode="UNT" country="Argentina" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9qsd-ymew" name="Universidad nacional de Tucumn" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">3</specimenCode>
, 
<quantity id="4CB895E14F0CFFAAA3CFF982035AF998" box="[406,568,1551,1578]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.425" metricValueMax="3.52" metricValueMin="3.3299999999999996" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" unit="mm" value="34.25" valueMax="35.2" valueMin="33.3">33.3–35.2 mm</quantity>
SL, unnamed stream tributary of 
<location id="8E9F6EDF4F0CFFAAA1F6F9820533F99B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E989124F0CFFADA2CEFC000441F916:8E9F6EDF4F0CFFAAA1F6F9820533F99B" box="[943,1105,1551,1577]" country="Brazil" county="All" latitude="-3.9845278" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-54.913723" municipality="Ruropolis" name="rio Peixotinho" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" stateProvince="Para">rio Peixotinho</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE745EC34F0CFFAAA602F982058AF998" box="[1115,1256,1551,1578]" degrees="4" direction="south" minutes="11" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" precision="1" seconds="37.5" value="-4.19375">4°11’37.5”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE745EC34F0CFFAAA6AAF98204FAF998" box="[1267,1432,1551,1578]" degrees="55" direction="west" minutes="29" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" precision="1" seconds="32.8" value="-55.492443">55°29’32.8”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFFE1EC44F0CFFAAA2CEF9B9004AF9FC" box="[151,296,1587,1614]" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" value="2015-10-31">
<collectingDate id="EFBAE72C4F0CFFAAA2CEF9B9004AF9FC" box="[151,296,1587,1614]" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" value="2015-10-31">31 Oct 2015</collectingDate>
</date>
, F. 
<collectionCode id="ED51A0C14F0CFFAAA30BF9B9000AF9FC" box="[338,360,1588,1614]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">R</collectionCode>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED51A0C14F0CFFAAA32DF9B900EAF9FC" box="[372,392,1588,1614]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
. 
<collectorName id="26B55DD24F0CFFAAA3CDF9BE0330F9FC" box="[404,594,1587,1614]" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">Ribeiro, A. L. C</collectorName>
. 
<collectorName id="26B55DD24F0CFFAAA007F9B903A5F9FC" box="[606,711,1588,1614]" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">Canto, C</collectorName>
. 
<collectorName id="26B55DD24F0CFFAAA08AF9BE02CCF9FC" box="[723,942,1587,1614]" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">Silva-Oliveira, J. S</collectorName>
. Sousa &amp; 
<collectorName id="26B55DD24F0CFFAAA67FF9B90593F9FC" box="[1062,1265,1587,1614]" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">D. J. A. de Sousa</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
. 
<materialsCitation id="3B2832594F0CFFAAA6A4F9B905D9F927" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2573313377" collectingDate="2013-09-01" collectionCode="R" collectorName="A. L. C. Canto &amp; Ribeiro &amp; C. Silva-Oliveira" country="Brazil" latitude="-3.9845278" longitude="-54.913723" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" specimenCode="ZUEC 17146, 4" stateProvince="Para State">
<specimenCode id="DBE6907F4F0CFFAAA6A4F9B904FAF9FF" box="[1277,1432,1587,1614]" collectionCode="ZUEC" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9pz2-d68t" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">ZUEC 17146</specimenCode>
, 
<specimenCode id="DBE6907F4F0CFFAAA2CEF9D501C5F9C0" box="[151,167,1624,1650]" collectionCode="ZUEC" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/9pz2-d68t" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade Estadual de Campinas" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">4</specimenCode>
, 
<quantity id="4CB895E14F0CFFAAA2EEF9DA003CF9C0" box="[183,350,1623,1650]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.47" metricValueMax="3.76" metricValueMin="3.18" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" unit="mm" value="34.7" valueMax="37.6" valueMin="31.8">31.8–37.6 mm</quantity>
SL, unnamed stream tributary of 
<location id="8E9F6EDF4F0CFFAAA0A8F9DA023CF9C3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E989124F0CFFADA2CEFC000441F916:8E9F6EDF4F0CFFAAA0A8F9DA023CF9C3" box="[753,862,1623,1649]" country="Brazil" county="All" latitude="-3.9845278" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-54.913723" municipality="Ruropolis" name="rio Tinga" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" stateProvince="Para">rio Tinga</location>
, 
<location id="8E9F6EDF4F0CFFAAA137F9DA02A7F9C0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E989124F0CFFADA2CEFC000441F916:8E9F6EDF4F0CFFAAA137F9DA02A7F9C0" box="[878,965,1623,1650]" country="Brazil" county="All" latitude="-3.9845278" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-54.913723" municipality="Ruropolis" name="rio Lux" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" stateProvince="Para">rio Lux</location>
drainage, 
<location id="8E9F6EDF4F0CFFAAA61BF9DA04FBF9C3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E989124F0CFFADA2CEFC000441F916:8E9F6EDF4F0CFFAAA61BF9DA04FBF9C3" box="[1090,1433,1623,1649]" country="Brazil" county="All" latitude="-3.9845278" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-54.913723" municipality="Ruropolis" name="Floresta Nacional do Tapajos" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" stateProvince="Para">Floresta Nacional do Tapajós</location>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE745EC34F0CFFAAA2CEF9F60041F924" box="[151,291,1659,1686]" degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" precision="1" seconds="04.3" value="-3.9845278">3º59’04.3”S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="EE745EC34F0CFFAAA377F9F600B3F924" box="[302,465,1659,1686]" degrees="54" direction="west" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" precision="1" seconds="49.4" value="-54.913723">54º54’49.4”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<date id="FFFE1EC44F0CFFAAA382F9F10308F924" box="[475,618,1660,1686]" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" value="2013-09-01">
<collectingDate id="EFBAE72C4F0CFFAAA382F9F10308F924" box="[475,618,1660,1686]" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" value="2013-09-01">01 Sep 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<collectorName id="26B55DD24F0CFFAAA02DF9F1027EF924" box="[628,796,1660,1686]" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">A. L. C. Canto</collectorName>
, F. 
<collectionCode id="ED51A0C14F0CFFAAA11BF9F1023AF924" box="[834,856,1660,1686]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">R</collectionCode>
. 
<collectionCode id="ED51A0C14F0CFFAAA13BF9F10214F924" box="[866,886,1660,1686]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
. 
<collectorName id="26B55DD24F0CFFAAA1D8F9F602B7F927" box="[897,981,1659,1685]" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">Ribeiro</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName id="26B55DD24F0CFFAAA1A0F9F105D9F927" box="[1017,1211,1659,1686]" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">C. Silva-Oliveira</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFF38044F0CFFAAA6E5F9F605A2F927" blockId="1.[151,1437,1083,2010]" box="[1212,1216,1659,1685]" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35A6B8F4F0CFFA9A29EF9120216FF65" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="577" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BFF38044F0CFFA9A29EF9120216FF65" blockId="1.[151,1437,1083,2010]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,153,215]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="577" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0CFFAAA29EF9120058F908" bold="true" box="[199,314,1695,1722]" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">Diagnosis</emphasis>
. 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F0CFFAAA312F92D0349F90B" authorityName="Dos Anjos De Sousa &amp; Silva-Oliveira &amp; Canto &amp; Ribeiro" authorityYear="2020" box="[331,555,1696,1722]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Knodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cupariensis">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0CFFAAA312F92D0349F90B" box="[331,555,1696,1722]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">Knodus cupariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from all its congeners, except from 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F0CFFAAA67EF92D05E7F90B" authorityName="Lima, Britski &amp; Machado" authorityYear="2004" box="[1063,1157,1696,1722]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Knodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="geryi">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0CFFAAA67EF92D0558F90B" box="[1063,1082,1696,1721]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">K</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0CFFAAA612F92D05E7F90B" box="[1099,1157,1696,1721]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">geryi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, by having a dark basal blotch on each caudal fin lobe (
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0CFFAAA3ADF9490370F96F" box="[500,530,1732,1757]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">vs.</emphasis>
caudal fin lobe with sparse chromatophores, lacking a basal blotch) and, with exception from 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F0CFFAAA375F96500E5F8B0" authorityName="Zarske" authorityYear="2008" box="[300,391,1768,1794]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Knodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borki">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0CFFAAA375F965005DF8B3" box="[300,319,1768,1793]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">K</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0CFFAAA315F96500E5F8B0" box="[332,391,1768,1794]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">borki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F0CFFAAA3CDF9650352F8B0" box="[404,560,1768,1794]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Knodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heteresthes">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0CFFAAA3CDF96500C5F8B3" box="[404,423,1768,1793]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">K</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0CFFAAA3EAF9650352F8B0" box="[435,560,1768,1794]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">heteresthes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F0CFFAAA035F96503AEF8B3" authorityName="Zarske" authorityYear="2007" box="[620,716,1768,1793]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Knodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pasco">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0CFFAAA035F96503AEF8B3" box="[620,716,1768,1793]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">K. pasco</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, by having 10–12 scales around the caudal peduncle (
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0CFFAAA77BF965045BF8B3" box="[1314,1337,1768,1793]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">vs</emphasis>
. 13–15). Additionally, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F0CFFAAA36AF8810371F897" authorityName="Dos Anjos De Sousa &amp; Silva-Oliveira &amp; Canto &amp; Ribeiro" authorityYear="2020" box="[307,531,1804,1830]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Knodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cupariensis">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0CFFAAA36AF8810371F897" box="[307,531,1804,1830]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">Knodus cupariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F0CFFAAA0F7F8810269F897" authorityName="Lima, Britski &amp; Machado" authorityYear="2004" box="[686,779,1804,1829]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Knodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="geryi">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0CFFAAA0F7F8810269F897" box="[686,779,1804,1829]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">K. geryi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F0CFFAAA11CF88102CBF897" authorityName="Zarske" authorityYear="2007" box="[837,937,1804,1829]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Knodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pasco">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0CFFAAA11CF88102CBF897" box="[837,937,1804,1829]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">K. pasco</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the lower number of longitudinal series of scales between dorsal-fin origin and lateral line (4 or 5 
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0CFFAAA17CF8BD0221F8FB" box="[805,835,1840,1865]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">vs.</emphasis>
6 or 7). It differs from 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F0CFFAAA612F8BD058BF8F8" box="[1099,1257,1840,1866]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Knodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="heteresthes">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0CFFAAA612F8BD053CF8FB" box="[1099,1118,1840,1865]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">K</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0CFFAAA635F8BD058BF8F8" box="[1132,1257,1840,1866]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">heteresthes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by presenting a higher body depth (29.1–35.7 
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0CFFAAA3B7F8D90367F8DF" box="[494,517,1876,1901]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">vs</emphasis>
. 24.3–27.8 % SL) and by having dark chromatophores concentrated in conspicuous humeral blotch (
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0CFFAAA327F8F500F7F823" box="[382,405,1912,1937]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">vs</emphasis>
. humeral blotch inconspicuous, with scattered chromatophores). 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F0CFFAAA636F8F5042FF823" authorityName="Dos Anjos De Sousa &amp; Silva-Oliveira &amp; Canto &amp; Ribeiro" authorityYear="2020" box="[1135,1357,1912,1938]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Knodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cupariensis">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0CFFAAA636F8F5042FF823" box="[1135,1357,1912,1938]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">Knodus cupariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F0CFFAAA28DF8110052F804" authorityName="Zarske" authorityYear="2008" box="[212,304,1948,1974]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Knodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="borki">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0CFFAAA28DF8110052F804" box="[212,304,1948,1974]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">K. borki</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F0CFFAAA33FF81100DCF804" box="[358,446,1948,1974]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Knodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="delta">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0CFFAAA33FF81100DCF804" box="[358,446,1948,1974]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">K. delta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having lateral line complete (
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0CFFAAA176F8110224F807" box="[815,838,1948,1973]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">vs</emphasis>
. incomplete lateral line) and from 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F0CFFAAA693F811044DF804" baseAuthorityName="Fowler" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[1226,1327,1948,1974]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Knodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="smithi">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0CFFAAA693F811044DF804" box="[1226,1327,1948,1974]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">K. smithi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F0CFFAAA764F81104F7F804" box="[1341,1429,1948,1974]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Knodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="delta">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0CFFAAA764F81104F7F804" box="[1341,1429,1948,1974]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">K. delta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0CFFAAA2CEF84D00FBF86B" box="[151,409,1984,2010]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F0CFFAAA2CEF84D0074F868" authorityName="Eigenmann" authorityYear="1911" box="[151,278,1984,2010]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Knodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="meridae">K. meridae</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F0CFFAAA379F84D00F7F86B" box="[288,405,1984,2009]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Knodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gamma">K. gamma</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F0CFFAAA396F84D0332F868" box="[463,592,1984,2010]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Knodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nuptialis">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0CFFAAA396F84D0332F868" box="[463,592,1984,2010]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">K. nuptialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having 17–21 branched rays in the anal-fin (
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0CFFAAA63CF84D051EF86B" box="[1125,1148,1984,2009]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">vs</emphasis>
. 
<quantity id="4CB895E14F0CFFAAA6D0F832058EF86B" box="[1161,1260,1983,2010]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.429" metricValueMax="3.81" metricValueMin="3.048" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" unit="in" value="13.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="12.0">12–15 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F0CFFAAA6ABF84D040CF868" authorityName="Eigenmann" authorityYear="1911" box="[1266,1390,1984,2010]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Knodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="576" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="meridae">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0CFFAAA6ABF84D040CF868" box="[1266,1390,1984,2010]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="576">K. meridae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F0FFFA9A2CEFF170078FF01" box="[151,282,153,179]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Knodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nuptialis">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0FFFA9A2CEFF170078FF01" box="[151,282,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">K. nuptialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<quantity id="4CB895E14F0FFFA9A316FF1400D0FF01" box="[335,434,153,179]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.731" metricValueMax="7.62" metricValueMin="5.842" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" unit="in" value="26.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="23.0">23–30 in</quantity>
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0FFFA9A3E1FF1703F3FF01" box="[440,657,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F0FFFA9A3E1FF17034CFF01" box="[440,558,154,179]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Knodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gamma">K. gamma</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F0FFFA9A060FF1703F3FF01" box="[569,657,153,179]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Knodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="delta">K. delta</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, and 
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0FFFA9A097FF170226FF01" box="[718,836,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F0FFFA9A097FF170255FF01" baseAuthorityName="Fowler" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[718,823,153,179]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Knodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="smithi">K. smithi</taxonomicName>
).
</emphasis>
Additionally, it can be distinguished from 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F0FFFA9A779FF170418FF01" authorityName="Lima, Britski &amp; Machado" authorityYear="2004" box="[1312,1402,154,179]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Knodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="geryi">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0FFFA9A779FF170418FF01" box="[1312,1402,154,179]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">K. geryi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by lower number of perforated lateral line scales (35–38, 
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0FFFA9A0A1FF330274FF65" box="[760,790,190,215]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">vs.</emphasis>
39–41).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF3F688C4F0FFFA9A2CEFD6E00C0FC92" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3696186" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3696186" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3696186/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" startId="2.[151,250,739,764]" targetBox="[213,1373,234,711]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8BFF38044F0FFFA9A2CEFD6E00C0FC92" blockId="2.[151,1436,739,800]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0FFFA9A2CEFD6E0077FD4E" bold="true" box="[151,277,739,764]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F0FFFA9A344FD690085FD4E" authority="Dos Anjos De Sousa &amp; Silva-Oliveira &amp; Canto &amp; Ribeiro, 2020" authorityName="Dos Anjos De Sousa &amp; Silva-Oliveira &amp; Canto &amp; Ribeiro" authorityYear="2020" box="[285,487,740,764]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Knodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cupariensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0FFFA9A344FD690085FD4E" box="[285,487,740,764]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">Knodus cupariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A207596D4F0FFFA9A3ACFD690311FD4E" box="[501,627,739,764]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
, INPA 57159, holotype, 40.5 mm SL, male, rio Cupari, rio Tapajós basin, Rurópolis, Pará State, Brazil.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF3F688C4F0FFFA9A2CEF827018FF854" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3696188" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3696188" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3696188/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" startId="2.[151,250,1962,1987]" targetBox="[234,1340,830,1924]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8BFF38044F0FFFA9A2CEF827018FF854" blockId="2.[151,1436,1962,2023]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0FFFA9A2CEF8270071F871" bold="true" box="[151,275,1962,1987]" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F0FFFA9A343F8260080F870" authorityName="Dos Anjos De Sousa &amp; Silva-Oliveira &amp; Canto &amp; Ribeiro" authorityYear="2020" box="[282,482,1963,1987]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Knodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="577" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cupariensis">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0FFFA9A343F8260080F870" box="[282,482,1963,1987]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="577">Knodus cupariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, UFOPA-I 297, paratype, 40.1 mm SL, upper and lower jaws, lateral view, left side. Scale bar = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C35A6B8F4F0EFFADA29EFF1500FEFF49" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="581" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BFF38044F0EFFA8A29EFF150199FE39" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,2015]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0EFFA8A29EFF15003BFF01" bold="true" box="[199,345,152,179]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Description.</emphasis>
Morphometric data presented in 
<tableCitation id="C6C20DBF4F0EFFA8A08FFF140249FF01" box="[726,811,153,179]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="7.[151,239,154,178]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphometric data of holotype and 32 paratypes of Knodus cupariensis. SD = Standard deviation." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF3F688C4F0AFFACA2CEFF17044FFF01" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" tableUuid="DF3F688C4F0AFFACA2CEFF17044FFF01">Table 1</tableCitation>
. Largest specimen examined 
<quantity id="4CB895E14F0EFFA8A626FF140586FF01" box="[1151,1252,153,179]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.63" pageId="3" pageNumber="578" unit="mm" value="46.3">46.3 mm</quantity>
SL. Body compressed, greatest body depth slightly anterior to dorsal-fin origin. Dorsal profile of head convex from upper lip to vertical through middle portion of eye; slightly concave from this point to tip of supraoccipital spine; straight to slightly convex from posterior tip of supraoccipital spine to dorsal-fin origin; dorsal-fin base straight; slightly convex to straight from end of dorsal-fin base to adipose fin. Ventral profile of body convex from lower lip to anal-fin origin; straight, posterodorsally inclined along anal-fin base. Dorsal and ventral profile of caudal peduncle slightly concave.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFF38044F0EFFA8A29EFE180243FC89" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,2015]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">
Mouth terminal; jaws isognathous. Posterior terminus of maxilla extending well beyond anterior margin of orbit. Premaxillary teeth in two rows; outer row with 4 (7), 5* (50), 6 (1), or 7 (1) tricuspid teeth, central cusp longest; inner row with 4* (59) pentacuspid teeth, central cusp longest. Maxilla with 2 (5), 3 (30), 4* (15), 5 (8) or 6 (1) tri- to pentacuspid teeth. Dentary with 9–13, four anteriormost teeth large, pentacuspid teeth, followed by 5–9 smaller, uni- or tricuspid teeth. (
<figureCitation id="137B24814F0EFFA8A058FDA80324FD8D" box="[513,582,549,575]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1962,1987]" captionTargetBox="[234,1340,830,1924]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[225,1362,822,1937]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Knodus cupariensis, UFOPA-I 297, paratype, 40.1 mm SL, upper and lower jaws, lateral view, left side. Scale bar = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3696188" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3696188/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Scales cycloid, moderately large, with 1–6 well-marked 
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0EFFA8A68CFDA80469FD8D" box="[1237,1291,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">radii</emphasis>
; 
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0EFFA8A742FDA80401FD8D" box="[1307,1379,549,575]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">circuli</emphasis>
only present proximally. Caudal fin scaled, smaller than caudal peduncle scales, covering proximal third of lower lobe, and reaching ventral procurrent rays. Upper lobe with scale covering only proximal fourth, reaching dorsal procurrent rays. Lateral line complete, slightly curved ventrally along its anterior third, with 35 (4), 36* (22), 37 (18), or 38 (7) perforated scales. Longitudinal series of scales between dorsal-fin origin and lateral line 4* (41) or 5 (15). Longitudinal series of scales between lateral line and pelvic-fin origin 3* (51), 
<superScript id="7C35954C4F0EFFA8A649FD540551FD54" attach="left" box="[1040,1075,728,755]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">31/2</superScript>
(3) or 4 (2). Predorsal scales 10 (1), 11* (12), or 12 (42). Scales around caudal peduncle 10* (3), 11 (31), or 12 (4). Single series with 15 (5), 16* (8), 17 (8), 18 (5), 19 (2) or 20 (1) scales on anal-fin base.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFF38044F0EFFA8A29EFCC80275FBCD" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,2015]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">
Dorsal fin rays ii,8* (59). Dorsal-fin origin slightly posterior to middle of body, and slightly posterior to vertical through pelvic-fin origin. First unbranched ray approximately half length of second unbranched ray. Adipose-fin origin approximately at vertical through base of 18 
<superScript id="7C35954C4F0EFFA8A096FC0103BEFC28" attach="left" box="[719,732,908,922]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">th</superScript>
to 20 
<superScript id="7C35954C4F0EFFA8A142FC01024AFC28" attach="left" box="[795,808,908,922]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">th</superScript>
branched anal-fin rays. Pectoral-fin rays i,10 (5), or 11* (54); tip of pectoral fin reaching pelvic-fin origin when adpressed. Pelvic-fin rays i,6,i* (56); tip of pelvic fin usually reaching first anal-fin rays when adpressed. Anal-fin origin located anterior to vertical through posterior terminus of dorsal-fin base. Anal-fin rays v (8), 17 (1), 18 (13), 19* (23), 20 (19), or 21 (3); last unbranched ray and first three or four branched anal-fin rays longest, subsequent rays decreasing gradually in length. Caudal fin forked; lobes equal in size. Principal caudal-fin rays i,9,8,i*(59); dorsal procurrent caudal-fin rays 10 (2), 12 (1), 15 (2) or 16 (1); ventral procurrent caudal-fin rays 10 (1), 11 (1), 12 (2) or 13 (2).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFF38044F0EFFA8A29EFB040190FAE5" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,2015]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">
Gill rakers on first gill arch 15 (2), 16 (4) or 17 (2): hypobranchial 2 (4) or 3 (4), ceratobranchial 7 (8), cartilage between epibranchial and ceratobranchial 1 (8), epibranchial 5 (4) or 6 (4). Gill rakers setiform. Branchiostegal rays 4 (8): 3 (8) on anterior ceratohyal and 1 (8) on posterior ceratohyal. Precaudal vertebrae 16 (8); caudal vertebrae 20 (3) or 21 (5); total vertebrae 36 (3) or 37 (5); ribs 10 (3) or 11 (5). First dorsal-fin pterygiophore inserted between 10 
<superScript id="7C35954C4F0EFFA8A2EAFA9501A2FA94" attach="left" box="[179,192,1304,1318]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">th</superScript>
and 12 
<superScript id="7C35954C4F0EFFA8A34BFA95007DFA94" attach="left" box="[274,287,1304,1318]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">th</superScript>
vertebrae. First anal-fin pterygiophore inserted between 16 
<superScript id="7C35954C4F0EFFA8A1EFFA9502A1FA94" attach="left" box="[950,963,1304,1318]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">th</superScript>
to 17 
<superScript id="7C35954C4F0EFFA8A65BFA95056DFA94" attach="left" box="[1026,1039,1304,1318]" fontSize="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">th</superScript>
vertebrae. Supraneurals 4 (1), 5 (6) or 6 (1).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFF38044F0EFFA8A29EFAED01AFF929" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,2015]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0EFFA8A29EFAED00EFFAC9" bold="true" box="[199,397,1376,1403]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Color in alcohol.</emphasis>
Overall body coloration light brown. Third infraorbital and opercular regions silvery. Snout, dorsal region of head, anterior portion of maxilla, and mid-dorsal region of the body darker than the ventral region. Gular region light yellow. Dark chromatophores more concentrated at the scales edge of dorsal and dorsolateral scales of body, forming slightly reticulated pattern; ventral and ventrolateral scales of body with few scattered dark chromatophores or completely pale. Rectangular conspicuous humeral blotch, vertically elongated, extending vertically through two longitudinal scales series above lateral line and one below it, and horizontally encompassing second to fourth lateral line scales. Dark chromatophores concentrated over scales series immediately above and below lateral line, forming a diffuse longitudinal stripe extending from humeral blotch to basis of middle caudal-fin rays.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFF38044F0EFFA8A29EF928037AF8C1" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,2015]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">
Fins hyaline, dorsal fin with chromatophores more concentrated along interradial membranes. Pectoral and pelvic fins with few scattered chromatophores along anterior and posterior borders of rays. Anal fin slightly darkened, with chromatophores present along interradial membranes, more concentrated in distal portion. Caudal fin with chromatophores at interradial membranes and over rays, more concentrated along the proximal region of rays forming two symmetric, inconspicuous dark blotches basally on caudal fin lobes. Distal margin of caudal fin with scattered chromatophores (
<figureCitation id="137B24814F0EFFA8A39CF8D40368F8C1" box="[453,522,1881,1907]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1731,1756]" captionTargetBox="[295,1292,336,1706]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[295,1292,237,1706]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Knodus cupariensis, UFOPA-I 298, paratype, 39.6 mm SL, lateral view of posterior portion of the body, showing dark blotches on caudal-fin lobes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3696190" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3696190/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFF38044F0EFFAFA29EF8F10213FF65" blockId="3.[151,1437,152,2015]" lastBlockId="4.[151,1437,153,215]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="579" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0EFFA8A29EF8F1003FF825" bold="true" box="[199,349,1916,1943]" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Color in life.</emphasis>
Based on specimens recently collected (
<figureCitation id="137B24814F0EFFA8A17CF8F00208F825" box="[805,874,1917,1943]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,729,754]" captionTargetBox="[209,1374,246,643]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[164,1423,181,703]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Knodus cupariensis, coloration in life, rio Cupari, rio Tapajós basin, Rurópolis, Pará State, Brazil (specimen not cataloged)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3696192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3696192/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="578">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). General color of body gray to light brown. Lips, snout, and upper portion of head dark gray to light yellow. Dorsolateral region of orbit light yellow. Ventrolateral region of orbit, maxilla, and opercular regions silvery. Dorsal portion of body, dorsal, anal, and caudal fins with reddish pigmentation. Dorsal and caudal fins reddish in basal portion. Anal fin reddish in middle portion of the rays. Adipose, pectoral and pelvic fins similar to preserved specimens.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF3F688C4F09FFAFA2CEF94E008DF8B2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3696190" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3696190" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3696190/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" startId="4.[151,250,1731,1756]" targetBox="[295,1292,336,1706]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8BFF38044F09FFAFA2CEF94E008DF8B2" blockId="4.[151,1436,1731,1792]" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F09FFAFA2CEF94E0071F96E" bold="true" box="[151,275,1731,1756]" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F09FFAFA343F9490081F96E" authorityName="Dos Anjos De Sousa &amp; Silva-Oliveira &amp; Canto &amp; Ribeiro" authorityYear="2020" box="[282,483,1732,1756]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Knodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cupariensis">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F09FFAFA343F9490081F96E" box="[282,483,1732,1756]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Knodus cupariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, UFOPA-I 298, paratype, 39.6 mm SL, lateral view of posterior portion of the body, showing dark blotches on caudal-fin lobes.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BFF38044F09FFAFA29EF8A303ADF823" blockId="4.[151,1436,1838,2009]" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F09FFAFA29EF8A300DAF8FB" bold="true" box="[199,440,1838,1865]" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Sexual dimorphism.</emphasis>
Observed in two mature males (INPA 57160, 
<quantity id="4CB895E14F09FFAFA19AF8A30505F8FB" box="[963,1127,1838,1865]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.715" metricValueMax="3.95" metricValueMin="3.4799999999999995" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" unit="mm" value="37.15" valueMax="39.5" valueMin="34.8">34.8–39.5 mm</quantity>
SL). The pelvic-fin rays of these specimens possess 6–12 small hooks per branched ray and the anal-fin rays possess 8–9 hooks per ray, on last unbranched and anteriormost seven branched rays.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFF38044F09FFAFA29EF8170204F86B" blockId="4.[151,1436,1838,2009]" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F09FFAFA29EF8170367F807" bold="true" box="[199,517,1946,1973]" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Geographical distribution.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F09FFAFA052F817038AF806" authorityName="Dos Anjos De Sousa &amp; Silva-Oliveira &amp; Canto &amp; Ribeiro" authorityYear="2020" box="[523,744,1946,1972]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Knodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="579" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cupariensis">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F09FFAFA052F817038AF806" box="[523,744,1946,1972]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Knodus cupariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is only known from the rio Cupari drainage, a tributary of the right margin of the lower rio Tapajós, 
<collectingRegion id="4984F6E64F09FFAFA018F83303D7F86A" box="[577,693,1982,2008]" country="Brazil" name="Para" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Pará State</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCountry id="F35778944F09FFAFA099F8330266F86A" box="[704,772,1982,2008]" name="Brazil" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="137B24814F09FFAFA14DF833023AF86B" box="[788,856,1982,2009]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1727,1752]" captionTargetBox="[164,1408,812,1696]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[164,1423,812,1702]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5. Map of lower rio Tapajós basin and adjoining areas showing the distribution of Knodus cupariensis (dark dots; yellow star indicates type-locality). Some symbols represent more than one lot." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3696194" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3696194/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="579">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF3F688C4F08FFAEA2CEFD54006AFCA4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3696192" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3696192" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3696192/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="580" startId="5.[151,250,729,754]" targetBox="[209,1374,246,643]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8BFF38044F08FFAEA2CEFD54006AFCA4" blockId="5.[151,1436,729,790]" pageId="5" pageNumber="580">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F08FFAEA2CEFD540076FD40" bold="true" box="[151,276,729,754]" pageId="5" pageNumber="580">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F08FFAEA345FD570084FD43" authorityName="Dos Anjos De Sousa &amp; Silva-Oliveira &amp; Canto &amp; Ribeiro" authorityYear="2020" box="[284,486,730,754]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Knodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="580" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cupariensis">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F08FFAEA345FD570084FD43" box="[284,486,730,754]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="580">Knodus cupariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, coloration in life, rio Cupari, rio Tapajós basin, Rurópolis, Pará State, Brazil (specimen not cataloged).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF3F688C4F08FFAEA2CEF93202D8F94E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3696194" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3696194" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3696194/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="580" startId="5.[151,250,1727,1752]" targetBox="[164,1408,812,1696]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="8BFF38044F08FFAEA2CEF93202D8F94E" blockId="5.[151,1436,1727,1788]" pageId="5" pageNumber="580">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F08FFAEA2CEF9320077F96A" bold="true" box="[151,277,1727,1752]" pageId="5" pageNumber="580">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
Map of lower rio Tapajós basin and adjoining areas showing the distribution of 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F08FFAEA602F94D0447F96A" authorityName="Dos Anjos De Sousa &amp; Silva-Oliveira &amp; Canto &amp; Ribeiro" authorityYear="2020" box="[1115,1317,1728,1752]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Knodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="580" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cupariensis">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F08FFAEA602F94D0447F96A" box="[1115,1317,1728,1752]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="580">Knodus cupariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(dark dots; yellow star indicates type-locality). Some symbols represent more than one lot.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BFF38044F08FFADA29EF8A400FEFF49" blockId="5.[151,1437,1833,2041]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1436,153,251]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="581" pageId="5" pageNumber="580">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F08FFAEA29EF8A400EDF8F7" bold="true" box="[199,399,1833,1861]" pageId="5" pageNumber="580">Ecological notes.</emphasis>
Specimens of 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F08FFAEA061F8A70275F8F6" authorityName="Dos Anjos De Sousa &amp; Silva-Oliveira &amp; Canto &amp; Ribeiro" authorityYear="2020" box="[568,791,1834,1860]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Knodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="580" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cupariensis">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F08FFAEA061F8A70275F8F6" box="[568,791,1834,1860]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="580">Knodus cupariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were captured in first to fourth order streams, about 
<quantity id="4CB895E14F08FFAEA72BF8A401CFF8DB" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="580" unit="m" value="3.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="1.0">1–5 m</quantity>
wide and 0.2–2.0 m deep, with moderate to fast-flowing waters, substrate composed mainly of rocks, gravel, and sand, and with the following physico-chemical parameters: pH 4.3–6.7; dissolved oxygen 
<quantity id="4CB895E14F08FFAEA627F8FF059EF83F" box="[1150,1276,1906,1933]" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="6.25" metricValueMax="8.3" metricValueMin="4.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="580" unit="mg" value="6.25" valueMax="8.3" valueMin="4.2">4.2–8.3 mg</quantity>
<superScript id="7C35954C4F08FFAEA758F8FF0475F8CD" attach="left" box="[1281,1303,1905,1932]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="580">l-1</superScript>
; conductivity 14.6–32.1 μS 
<superScript id="7C35954C4F08FFAEA300F81A00EBF811" attach="left" box="[345,393,1941,1969]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="580">cm-1</superScript>
; and temperature 24.1–28.1 
<superScript id="7C35954C4F08FFAEA095F81803B1F811" attach="right" box="[716,723,1941,1955]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="580">°</superScript>
C (
<figureCitation id="137B24814F08FFAEA0ADF81B025BF803" box="[756,825,1942,1969]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1242,1267]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,273,1218]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[164,1423,273,1218]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 6. Type locality of Knodus cupariensis, stream tributary of rio Tinga, rio Cupari drainage, rio Tapajós basin, Rurópolis, Pará State, Brazil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3696196" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3696196/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="580">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
). 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F08FFAEA117F81B054EF802" authorityName="Dos Anjos De Sousa &amp; Silva-Oliveira &amp; Canto &amp; Ribeiro" authorityYear="2020" box="[846,1068,1942,1968]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Knodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="580" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cupariensis">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F08FFAEA117F81B054EF802" box="[846,1068,1942,1968]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="580">Knodus cupariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs syntopically with several other characids: 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F08FFAEA316F8360389F867" authority="(Linnaeus)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[335,747,1978,2005]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Astyanax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="580" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bimaculatus">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F08FFAEA316F83600D4F867" box="[335,438,1979,2005]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="580">Astyanax</emphasis>
cf. 
<emphasis id="B934E4164F08FFAEA386F837030AF866" box="[479,616,1978,2004]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="580">bimaculatus</emphasis>
(Linnaeus)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F08FFAEA0ACF83705C1F867" authority="(Steindachner)" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[757,1187,1978,2005]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Brachychalcinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="580" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="copei">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F08FFAEA0ACF8370297F866" box="[757,1013,1978,2004]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="580">Brachychalcinus copei</emphasis>
(Steindachner)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F08FFAEA6F4F8360447F866" authorityName="Kner" authorityYear="1858" box="[1197,1317,1979,2004]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Iguanodectidae" genus="Bryconops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="580" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F08FFAEA6F4F8360447F866" box="[1197,1317,1979,2004]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="580">Bryconops</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp., 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F08FFAEA701F83600ABF84B" authority="(Gunther)" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" class="Actinopterygii" family="Iguanodectidae" genus="Bryconops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="580" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caudomaculatus">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F08FFAEA701F836040BF866" box="[1368,1385,1979,2004]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="580">B</emphasis>
. aff. 
<emphasis id="B934E4164F08FFAEA2CEF853002DF84A" box="[151,335,2014,2040]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="580">caudomaculatus</emphasis>
(Günther)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F08FFAEA38CF85202B6F84A" authority="Chernoff &amp; Machado-Allison" authorityName="Chernoff &amp; Machado-Allison" authorityYear="1999" box="[469,980,2014,2041]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Iguanodectidae" genus="Bryconops" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="580" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="colaroja">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F08FFAEA38CF8520084F84A" box="[469,486,2015,2040]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="580">B</emphasis>
. cf. 
<emphasis id="B934E4164F08FFAEA042F853031BF84A" box="[539,633,2014,2040]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="580">colaroja</emphasis>
Chernoff &amp; Machado-Allison
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F08FFAEA1B8F853042BF84A" authority="Gery" authorityName="Gery" box="[993,1353,2014,2040]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Hemibrycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="580" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="surinamensis">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F08FFAEA1B8F853046AF84A" box="[993,1288,2014,2040]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="580">Hemibrycon surinamensis</emphasis>
Géry
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="B934E4164F08FFADA70FF852003EFF01" italics="true" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="581" pageId="5" pageNumber="580">Hemi- grammus bellottii</emphasis>
(Steindachner), 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F0BFFADA04DFF170222FF06" authority="(Steindachner)" baseAuthorityName="Steindachner" baseAuthorityYear="1882" box="[532,832,153,180]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Hemibrycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="581" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ocellifer">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0BFFADA04DFF17034AFF01" box="[532,552,154,179]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="581">H</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0BFFADA06CFF1403F0FF01" box="[565,658,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="581">ocellifer</emphasis>
(Steindachner)
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F0BFFADA110FF1405B0FF01" authority="Ahl" authorityName="Ahl" authorityYear="1937" box="[841,1234,153,179]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Hyphessobrycon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="581" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulchripinnis">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0BFFADA110FF1405FDFF01" box="[841,1183,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="581">Hyphessobrycon pulchripinnis</emphasis>
Ahl
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F0BFFADA685FF140184FF65" authority="Zanata" authorityName="Zanata" authorityYear="1997" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Jupiaba" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="581" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="apenima">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0BFFADA685FF1404FEFF01" box="[1244,1436,153,179]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="581">Jupiaba apenima</emphasis>
Zanata
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F0BFFADA2A8FF30030AFF65" authority="Eigenmann" authorityName="Eigenmann" authorityYear="1908" box="[241,616,189,215]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Moenkhausia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="581" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="comma">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0BFFADA2A8FF300082FF65" box="[241,480,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="581">Moenkhausia comma</emphasis>
Eigenmann
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F0BFFADA02AFF3302EEFF65" authority="Eigenmann" authorityName="Eigenmann" authorityYear="1917" box="[627,908,189,215]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Moenkhausia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="581" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hasemani">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0BFFADA02AFF3303E8FF65" box="[627,650,190,215]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="581">M</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0BFFADA0C1FF300261FF65" box="[664,771,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="581">hasemani</emphasis>
Eigenmann
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F0BFFADA1CEFF3305C1FF6A" authority="(Gunther)" baseAuthorityName="Gunther" baseAuthorityYear="1864" box="[919,1187,189,216]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Moenkhausia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="581" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="oligolepis">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0BFFADA1CEFF3302CCFF65" box="[919,942,190,215]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="581">M</emphasis>
. 
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0BFFADA1E5FF300548FF65" box="[956,1066,189,215]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="581">oligolepis</emphasis>
(Günther)
</taxonomicName>
, and another unidentified species of 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F0BFFADA319FF6C00F4FF49" authorityName="Eigenmann" authorityYear="1911" box="[320,406,225,251]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Knodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="581" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0BFFADA319FF6C00F4FF49" box="[320,406,225,251]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="581">Knodus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF3F688C4F0BFFADA2CEFB570016FAA5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3696196" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3696196" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3696196/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="581" startId="6.[151,250,1242,1267]" targetBox="[164,1423,273,1218]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="8BFF38044F0BFFADA2CEFB570016FAA5" blockId="6.[151,1436,1242,1303]" pageId="6" pageNumber="581">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0BFFADA2CEFB570071FB41" bold="true" box="[151,275,1242,1267]" pageId="6" pageNumber="581">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
Type locality of 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F0BFFADA3E7FB5603E5FB41" authorityName="Dos Anjos De Sousa &amp; Silva-Oliveira &amp; Canto &amp; Ribeiro" authorityYear="2020" box="[446,647,1243,1267]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Knodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="581" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cupariensis">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0BFFADA3E7FB5603E5FB41" box="[446,647,1243,1267]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="581">Knodus cupariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, stream tributary of rio Tinga, rio Cupari drainage, rio Tapajós basin, Rurópolis, Pará State, Brazil.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C35A6B8F4F0BFFADA29EFACB0441F916" pageId="6" pageNumber="581" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BFF38044F0BFFADA29EFACB033AFA36" blockId="6.[151,1436,1349,1700]" pageId="6" pageNumber="581">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0BFFADA29EFACB002CFAD2" bold="true" box="[199,334,1350,1376]" pageId="6" pageNumber="581">Etymology.</emphasis>
The specific epithet, 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F0BFFADA065FACB03DFFAED" authorityName="Dos Anjos De Sousa &amp; Silva-Oliveira &amp; Canto &amp; Ribeiro" authorityYear="2020" box="[572,701,1350,1375]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Knodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="581" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cupariensis">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0BFFADA065FACB03DFFAED" box="[572,701,1350,1375]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="581">cupariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, is an adjective referring to the rio Cupari, from where the species is currently exclusively known to occur.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BFF38044F0BFFADA29EFA000441F916" blockId="6.[151,1436,1349,1700]" pageId="6" pageNumber="581">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0BFFADA29EFA0000DCFA1A" bold="true" box="[199,446,1421,1448]" pageId="6" pageNumber="581">Conservation status.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F0BFFADA39EFA0003C4FA15" authorityName="Dos Anjos De Sousa &amp; Silva-Oliveira &amp; Canto &amp; Ribeiro" authorityYear="2020" box="[455,678,1421,1447]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Knodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="581" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cupariensis">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0BFFADA39EFA0003C4FA15" box="[455,678,1421,1447]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="581">Knodus cupariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is currently known to has a restricted distribution, with an Extent of Occurrence (EOO) of approximately 
<quantity id="4CB895E14F0BFFADA03DFA3F03B2FA79" box="[612,720,1457,1484]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="581" unit="km" value="2000.0">2,000 km</quantity>
<superScript id="7C35954C4F0BFFADA089FA3D03BAFA0C" attach="left" box="[720,728,1456,1470]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="581">2</superScript>
. Anthropic pressures have caused intense deforestation in the drainage basin of the rio Cupari, mainly due to the removal of native forest to create pastureland. In addition, the Brazilian Regulatory Electricity Agency (ANEEL) plans to build 13 small hydropower plants, distributed along the rio Cupari and its main tributaries, which may result in substantial spatiotemporal changes to the natural hydrological characteristics of the river. However, part of the known population occurs within a protected biological reserve (Floresta Nacional do Tapajós). We consider that 
<taxonomicName id="4C4043874F0BFFADA091F9EB0208F9CD" authorityName="Dos Anjos De Sousa &amp; Silva-Oliveira &amp; Canto &amp; Ribeiro" authorityYear="2020" box="[712,874,1638,1663]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Characidae" genus="Knodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Characiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="581" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cupariensis">
<emphasis id="B934E4164F0BFFADA091F9EB0208F9CD" box="[712,874,1638,1663]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="581">K. cupariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should be categorized as Least Concern (LC) according to International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) categories and criteria (IUCN 2017).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>