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<mods:title id="29DC8AE253458EF0E7AB8D6E81A7E92B">An illustrated guide to lady beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) of the Indian Subcontinent. Part 1. Tribe Coccinellini</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="8BD1F07414FD4692BDDF3280FE19FA8D" blockId="165.[151,468,1276,1339]" box="[151,468,1276,1303]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
<heading id="D099471814FD4692BDDF3280FE19FA8D" bold="true" box="[151,468,1276,1303]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" reason="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714FD4692BDDF3280FE19FA8D" authority="Timberlake" authorityName="Timberlake" box="[151,468,1276,1303]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Illeis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confusa">
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614FD4692BDDF3280FE19FA8D" bold="true" box="[151,468,1276,1303]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614FD4692BDDF3280FEF6FA8D" bold="true" box="[151,315,1276,1303]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Illeis confusa</emphasis>
Timberlake
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF14FD4692BDDF335CFE8CFAA0" box="[151,321,1312,1339]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD1F07414FD4692BDDF335CFE8CFAA0" blockId="165.[151,468,1276,1339]" box="[151,321,1312,1339]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
(
<figureCitation id="1355ECF114FD4692BDD7335CFECEFAA0" box="[159,259,1312,1339]" captionStart="FIGURE 117" captionStartId="166.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[221,1373,196,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-20@166.[207,1381,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="166" captionText="FIGURE 117. Illeis confusa Timberlake: a, b. adult, variants; c–f. male genitalia: c. tegmen, ventral view; d. tegmen, lateral view; e. penis; f. penis apex; g. spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261921" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261921/files/figure.png" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Figs 117</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1355ECF114FD4692BC47335DFEF4FAA0" box="[271,313,1313,1339]" captionStart="FIGURE 118" captionStartId="167.[151,250,1942,1966]" captionTargetBox="[164,1424,181,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-15@167.[164,1424,181,1918]" captionTargetPageId="167" captionText="FIGURE 118. Illeis confusa Timberlake, life stages: a. larva; b–d. pupa; e–i. adult, variants." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261923" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261923/files/figure.png" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">118</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF14FD4692BDDF3319FAE1FA21" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="8BD1F07414FD4692BDDF3319FE4CFA07" blockId="165.[151,1437,1381,1466]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7ED75A14FD4692BDDF3319FE4CFA07" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
<treatmentCitation id="0ACFD66514FD4692BDDF3319FDC0FAE6" author="Timberlake, P. H." box="[151,525,1381,1405]" page="61" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" year="1943">
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714FD4692BDDF3319FDC0FAE6" authority="Timberlake, 1943: 61" authorityName="Timberlake" authorityPageNumber="61" authorityYear="1943" box="[151,525,1381,1405]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Illeis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confusa">
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614FD4692BDDF3319FEEEFAE6" box="[151,291,1381,1405]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Illeis confusa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514FD4692BC653319FDC0FAE6" author="Timberlake, P. H." box="[301,525,1381,1405]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" pagination="1 - 67" refId="ref123429" refString="Timberlake, P. H. (1943) The Coccinellidae or lady beetles of the Koebele collection - Part I. Hawaiian Planters' Record, 47, 1 - 67." type="journal article" year="1943">Timberlake, 1943: 61</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
(
<typeStatus id="54D54ED614FD4692BF563319FD9FFAE6" box="[542,594,1381,1405]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Type</typeStatus>
locality:
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E414FD4692BFF13319FCF8FAE6" box="[697,821,1381,1405]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
).—Bielawski 1961a: 361;
<treatmentCitation id="0ACFD66514FD4692B9193319FAEFFAE6" author="Poorani, J." box="[1105,1314,1381,1405]" page="334" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" year="2002">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514FD4692B9193319FAEFFAE6" author="Poorani, J." box="[1105,1314,1381,1405]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" pagination="307 - 383" refId="ref118931" refString="Poorani, J. (2002 a) An annotated checklist of the Coccinellidae (excluding Epilachninae) of the Indian subregion. Oriental Insects, 36, 307 - 383. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00305316.2002.10417335" type="journal article" year="2002">Poorani 2002a: 334</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; Poorani &amp; Lalitha 2018: 119.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD1F07414FD4692BDDF33DEFAE1FA21" blockId="165.[151,1437,1381,1466]" box="[151,1324,1442,1466]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7ED75A14FD4692BDDF33DEFAE1FA21" box="[151,1324,1442,1466]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
<treatmentCitation id="0ACFD66514FD4692BDDF33DEFD4DFA21" author="Yablokov-Khnzoryan, S. M." box="[151,640,1442,1466]" page="182" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" year="1978">
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714FD4692BDDF33DEFD4DFA21" authority="Yablokov-Khnzoryan, 1978: 182" authorityName="Yablokov-Khnzoryan" authorityPageNumber="182" authorityYear="1978" box="[151,640,1442,1466]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Illeis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chinensis">
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614FD4692BDDF33DEFEE3FA21" box="[151,302,1442,1466]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Illeis chinensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514FD4692BC7D33DEFD4DFA21" author="Yablokov-Khnzoryan, S. M." box="[309,640,1442,1466]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" pagination="180 - 183" refId="ref124692" refString="Yablokov-Khnzoryan, S. M. (1978) Two new species of ladybeetles from Eastern Asia (Coleoptera, Coccinellidae). Doklady Akademii Nauk Armyanskoi SSR, 67 (3), 180 - 183." type="journal article" year="1978">Yablokov-Khnzoryan, 1978: 182</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.—
<treatmentCitation id="0ACFD66514FD4692BFD433DEFC2FFA21" author="Iablokoff-Khnzorian, S. M." box="[668,994,1442,1466]" page="295" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" year="1982">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514FD4692BFD433DEFC2FFA21" author="Iablokoff-Khnzorian, S. M." box="[668,994,1442,1466]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" refId="ref114042" refString="Iablokoff-Khnzorian, S. M. (1982) Les Coccinelles Coleopteres-Coccinellidae. Tribu Coccinellini des regions Palearctique et Orientale. Boubee, Paris, 568 pp. [in French]" type="book" year="1982">Iablokoff-Khnzorian 1982: 295</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; Synonymized by
<treatmentCitation id="0ACFD66514FD4692B9D533DFFAE5FA21" author="Yu, G." box="[1181,1320,1442,1466]" page="154" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" year="2010">
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514FD4692B9D533DFFAE5FA21" author="Yu, G." box="[1181,1320,1442,1466]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" refId="ref124811" refString="Yu, G. (2010) Chinese Lady Beetles (The Subfamily Coccinellinae). China Scientific Press, Beijing, 180 pp. [in Chinese]" type="book" year="2010">Yu 2010: 154</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF14FD4692BDDF3394FAFFF9F5" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BD1F07414FD4692BDDF3394FAFFF9F5" blockId="165.[151,1437,1512,1971]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614FD4692BDDF3394FEDFF999" bold="true" box="[151,274,1512,1538]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Length: 5.00–6.00 mm; width: 3.50–4.00 mm. Form elongate oval, dorsum moderately convex and glabrous. Externally similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714FD4692BCB53071FD96F9BD" authorityName=": Crotch" authorityYear="1874" box="[509,603,1549,1574]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Thea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cincta">
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614FD4692BCB53071FD96F9BD" box="[509,603,1549,1574]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">I. cincta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but of variable coloration. Head and pronotum creamy white and elytra lemon yellow (
<figureCitation id="1355ECF114FD4692BC0B304CFE7BF9D0" box="[323,438,1584,1611]" captionStart="FIGURE 117" captionStartId="166.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[221,1373,196,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-20@166.[207,1381,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="166" captionText="FIGURE 117. Illeis confusa Timberlake: a, b. adult, variants; c–f. male genitalia: c. tegmen, ventral view; d. tegmen, lateral view; e. penis; f. penis apex; g. spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261921" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261921/files/figure.png" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Figs 117a</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1355ECF114FD4692BC8C304DFDD7F9D1" box="[452,538,1584,1611]" captionStart="FIGURE 118" captionStartId="167.[151,250,1942,1966]" captionTargetBox="[164,1424,181,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-15@167.[164,1424,181,1918]" captionTargetPageId="167" captionText="FIGURE 118. Illeis confusa Timberlake, life stages: a. larva; b–d. pupa; e–i. adult, variants." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261923" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261923/files/figure.png" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
<quantity id="4C965D9114FD4692BC8C304DFE30F9D0" box="[452,509,1585,1611]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.18" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" unit="g" value="118.0">118g</quantity>
, h
</figureCitation>
) or uniform pinkish-fawn (
<figureCitation id="1355ECF114FD4692BE1C304CFC09F9D1" box="[852,964,1584,1610]" captionStart="FIGURE 117" captionStartId="166.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[221,1373,196,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-20@166.[207,1381,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="166" captionText="FIGURE 117. Illeis confusa Timberlake: a, b. adult, variants; c–f. male genitalia: c. tegmen, ventral view; d. tegmen, lateral view; e. penis; f. penis apex; g. spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261921" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261921/files/figure.png" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Fig. 117b</figureCitation>
) or creamy yellow (118e, f, i), pronotum always with a pair of black spots. Male genitalia (
<figureCitation id="1355ECF114FD4692BF8D3028FC8AF9F5" box="[709,839,1620,1646]" captionStart="FIGURE 117" captionStartId="166.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[221,1373,196,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-20@166.[207,1381,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="166" captionText="FIGURE 117. Illeis confusa Timberlake: a, b. adult, variants; c–f. male genitalia: c. tegmen, ventral view; d. tegmen, lateral view; e. penis; f. penis apex; g. spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261921" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261921/files/figure.png" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Fig. 117c–f</figureCitation>
) and spermatheca (
<figureCitation id="1355ECF114FD4692B9693028FB40F9F4" box="[1057,1165,1620,1647]" captionStart="FIGURE 117" captionStartId="166.[151,250,1944,1968]" captionTargetBox="[221,1373,196,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-20@166.[207,1381,181,1920]" captionTargetPageId="166" captionText="FIGURE 117. Illeis confusa Timberlake: a, b. adult, variants; c–f. male genitalia: c. tegmen, ventral view; d. tegmen, lateral view; e. penis; f. penis apex; g. spermatheca." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261921" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261921/files/figure.png" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
Fig.
<quantity id="4C965D9114FD4692B91D3029FB40F9F4" box="[1109,1165,1621,1647]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.17" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" unit="g" value="117.0">117g</quantity>
</figureCitation>
) as illustrated.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF14FD4692BD8F3005FCB7F941" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BD1F07414FD4692BD8F3005FCB7F941" blockId="165.[151,1437,1512,1971]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614FD4692BD8F3005FE55F908" bold="true" box="[199,408,1657,1683]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Immature stages.</emphasis>
Larva (
<figureCitation id="1355ECF114FD4692BCBC3004FDAFF908" box="[500,610,1656,1683]" captionStart="FIGURE 118" captionStartId="167.[151,250,1942,1966]" captionTargetBox="[164,1424,181,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-15@167.[164,1424,181,1918]" captionTargetPageId="167" captionText="FIGURE 118. Illeis confusa Timberlake, life stages: a. larva; b–d. pupa; e–i. adult, variants." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261923" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261923/files/figure.png" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Fig. 118a</figureCitation>
) yellow with four rows of black spots and thoracic black maculae as in other
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714FD4692BD9230E0FE87F92C" box="[218,330,1692,1719]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Illeis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614FD4692BD9230E0FEDFF92D" box="[218,274,1692,1718]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Illeis</emphasis>
spp.
</taxonomicName>
but pupa characteristic (
<figureCitation id="1355ECF114FD4692BF2030E0FD3AF92D" box="[616,759,1692,1718]" captionStart="FIGURE 118" captionStartId="167.[151,250,1942,1966]" captionTargetBox="[164,1424,181,1918]" captionTargetId="figure-15@167.[164,1424,181,1918]" captionTargetPageId="167" captionText="FIGURE 118. Illeis confusa Timberlake, life stages: a. larva; b–d. pupa; e–i. adult, variants." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261923" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261923/files/figure.png" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Fig. 118b–d</figureCitation>
), greyish yellow with two median pairs of black spots and lateral stripes followed by four rows of black spots on dorsal side.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF14FD4692BD8F3098FBFBF8B8" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BD1F07414FD4692BD8F3098FBFBF8B8" blockId="165.[151,1437,1512,1971]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614FD4692BD8F3098FEACF965" bold="true" box="[199,353,1764,1790]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Distribution.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E414FD4692BC203098FE6FF965" box="[360,418,1764,1790]" name="India" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">India</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E9614FD4692BCF83098FD47F965" box="[432,650,1764,1790]" country="India" name="Arunachal Pradesh" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Arunachal Pradesh</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E9614FD4692BFDC3099FD2EF964" box="[660,739,1765,1791]" country="India" name="Assam" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Assam</collectingRegion>
, Jammu &amp; Kashmir,
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E9614FD4692BE9A3098FBF9F965" box="[978,1076,1764,1790]" country="India" name="Manipur" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Manipur</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E9614FD4692B9083098FB72F965" box="[1088,1215,1764,1790]" country="India" name="Meghalaya" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Meghalaya</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E9614FD4692B9833098FAF4F965" box="[1227,1337,1764,1790]" country="India" name="Nagaland" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Nagaland</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E9614FD4692B80C3098FA55F965" box="[1348,1432,1764,1790]" country="India" name="Sikkim" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Sikkim</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E9614FD4692BDDF3174FF20F8B9" box="[151,237,1800,1826]" country="India" name="Tripura" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Tripura</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E9614FD4692BDB03174FE48F8B9" box="[248,389,1800,1826]" country="India" name="Uttarakhand" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Uttarakhand</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="49AA3E9614FD4692BCD83175FDEFF8B9" box="[400,546,1800,1827]" country="India" name="West Bengal" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">West Bengal</collectingRegion>
);
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E414FD4692BF7E3174FDB1F8B9" box="[566,636,1800,1826]" name="Nepal" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Nepal</collectingCountry>
;
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E414FD4692BFCF3174FD16F8B9" box="[647,731,1800,1826]" name="Bhutan" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Bhutan</collectingCountry>
;
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E414FD4692BFAF3174FC83F8B9" box="[743,846,1800,1826]" name="Thailand" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Thailand</collectingCountry>
;
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E414FD4692BE113174FC52F8B9" box="[857,927,1800,1826]" name="China" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">China</collectingCountry>
;
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E414FD4692BEE33175FBFFF8B8" box="[939,1074,1801,1827]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF14FD4692BD8F3151FB6AF828" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8BD1F07414FD4692BD8F3151FE19F814" blockId="165.[151,1437,1512,1971]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614FD4692BD8F3151FE38F8DD" bold="true" box="[199,501,1836,1863]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Prey / Associated habitat.</emphasis>
Commonly found feeding on various powdery mildews infesting sunflower, castor, and several other plants. Found on shisham (
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714FD4692BFC6312CFC81F8F1" box="[654,844,1872,1898]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Dalbergia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sissoo">
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614FD4692BFC6312CFC81F8F1" box="[654,844,1872,1898]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Dalbergia sissoo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) in
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E414FD4692BE32312CFC14F8F1" box="[890,985,1872,1898]" name="Pakistan" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
(Hayat
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614FD4692B97C312DFBA8F8F1" box="[1076,1125,1872,1898]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">et al</emphasis>
. 2007). Found on mulberry in
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E414FD4692BDFC3108FF3AF815" box="[180,247,1908,1934]" name="Nepal" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Nepal</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514FD4692BC4D3108FE05F814" author="Sajan K. C. &amp; Vetrovec, J. &amp; Kafle, K." box="[261,456,1908,1935]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" pagination="157 - 165" refId="ref121067" refString="Sajan K. C., Vetrovec, J. &amp; Kafle, K. (2019) Lady beetles of Nepal (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae): Coccinellinae from the fields at Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Khumaltar, Lalitpur. International Journal of Entomology Research, 4 (4), 157 - 165." type="journal article" year="2019">
Sajan
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614FD4692BC043109FE48F815" box="[332,389,1908,1934]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">et al.</emphasis>
2019
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BD1F07414FD4692BD8F31E4FB6AF828" blockId="165.[151,1437,1512,1971]" box="[199,1191,1944,1971]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614FD4692BD8F31E4FE77F828" bold="true" box="[199,442,1944,1971]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Seasonal occurrence</emphasis>
. Collected during August–October in
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E414FD4692BE2E31E4FC08F829" box="[870,965,1944,1970]" name="Pakistan" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514FD4692BE9B31E5FB56F828" author="Hayat, A. &amp; Khan, M. R. &amp; Naz, F." box="[979,1179,1944,1971]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" pagination="12 - 66" refId="ref113416" refString="Hayat, A., Khan, M. R. &amp; Naz, F. (2017) Subfamilies Coccinellinae and Coccidullinae (Coccinellidae: Coleoptera) with New Records from AJK, Pakistan. Journal of Applied Environmental and Biological Sciences, 7 (4), 12 - 66." type="journal article" year="2017">
Hayat
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614FD4692B95731E5FB9AF829" box="[1055,1111,1944,1970]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">et al.</emphasis>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF11A0FC14FE4691BDDF31E4FD93F84F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261921" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8261921" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261921/files/figure.png" pageId="166" pageNumber="167" startId="166.[151,250,1944,1968]" targetBox="[221,1373,196,1918]" targetPageId="166" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BD1F07414FE4691BDDF31E4FD93F84F" blockId="166.[151,1436,1944,2005]" pageId="166" pageNumber="167">
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614FE4691BDDF31E4FEE0F82B" bold="true" box="[151,301,1944,1968]" pageId="166" pageNumber="167">FIGURE 117.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714FE4691BC7C31E4FDF0F82B" authority="Timberlake" authorityName="Timberlake" box="[308,573,1944,1968]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Illeis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="166" pageNumber="167" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confusa">
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614FE4691BC7C31E4FE73F82B" box="[308,446,1944,1968]" italics="true" pageId="166" pageNumber="167">Illeis confusa</emphasis>
Timberlake
</taxonomicName>
: a, b. adult, variants; c–f. male genitalia: c. tegmen, ventral view; d. tegmen, lateral view; e. penis; f. penis apex; g. spermatheca.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF11A0FC14FF4690BDDF31EAFBF2F834" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261923" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8261923" box="[151,1087,1942,1967]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261923/files/figure.png" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" startId="167.[151,250,1942,1966]" targetBox="[164,1424,181,1918]" targetPageId="167" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BD1F07414FF4690BDDF31EAFBF2F834" blockId="167.[151,1087,1942,1967]" box="[151,1087,1942,1967]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614FF4690BDDF31EAFEE6F835" bold="true" box="[151,299,1942,1966]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">FIGURE 118.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714FF4690BC7931EBFDFBF834" authority="Timberlake" authorityName="Timberlake" box="[305,566,1943,1967]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Illeis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confusa">
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614FF4690BC7931EBFE74F834" box="[305,441,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">Illeis confusa</emphasis>
Timberlake
</taxonomicName>
, life stages: a. larva; b–d. pupa; e–i. adult, variants.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF14F0469FBD8F36EBFF25FF62" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BD1F07414F0469FBD8F36EBFF25FF62" blockId="168.[151,1437,151,249]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614F0469FBD8F36EBFEDCFF2A" bold="true" box="[199,273,151,177]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">Notes.</emphasis>
It is similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF714F0469FBC8036EBFDEBFF2B" authorityName=": Crotch" authorityYear="1874" box="[456,550,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Thea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cincta">
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614F0469FBC8036EBFDEBFF2B" box="[456,550,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">I. cincta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and replaces the latter in the northern and eastern parts of
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E414F0469FB99E36EBFADDFF2A" box="[1238,1296,151,177]" name="India" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">India</collectingCountry>
as the most common species of the genus. See
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514F0469FBF5336C7FD23FF4E" author="Timberlake, P. H." box="[539,750,187,213]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" pagination="1 - 67" refId="ref123429" refString="Timberlake, P. H. (1943) The Coccinellidae or lady beetles of the Koebele collection - Part I. Hawaiian Planters' Record, 47, 1 - 67." type="journal article" year="1943">Timberlake (1943)</bibRefCitation>
, Bielawski (1961a),
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514F0469FBE9C36C7FB5CFF4E" author="Ren, S. X. &amp; Wang, X. M. &amp; Pang, H. &amp; Peng, Z. Q. &amp; Zeng, T." box="[980,1169,187,213]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" refId="ref120760" refString="Ren, S. X., Wang, X. M., Pang, H., Peng, Z. Q. &amp; Zeng, T. (2009) Colored pictorial handbook of ladybird beetles in China. Science Press, Beijing, 336 pp. [in Chinese]" type="book" year="2009">
Ren
<emphasis id="B91A2C6614F0469FB94036C7FB8DFF4E" box="[1032,1088,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="168" pageNumber="169">et al.</emphasis>
(2009)
</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D8514F0469FB98D36C7FAF8FF4E" author="Yu, G." box="[1221,1333,187,213]" pageId="168" pageNumber="169" refId="ref124811" refString="Yu, G. (2010) Chinese Lady Beetles (The Subfamily Coccinellinae). China Scientific Press, Beijing, 180 pp. [in Chinese]" type="book" year="2010">Yu (2010)</bibRefCitation>
for more details.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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