189 lines
22 KiB
XML
189 lines
22 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="8CBCB977CE62DE86D52A5D1FF78AC3EB">An illustrated guide to lady beetles (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) of the Indian Subcontinent. Part 1. Tribe Coccinellini</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="A3ACF62040869C07BFB7D085ACFCE899">2023</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03C74162147B4614BDDF37CAFCAEFB42" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8273696" ID-GBIF-Taxon="212450104" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8273696" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C74162147B4614BDDF37CAFCAEFB42" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C74162147B4614BDDF37CAFCAEFB42" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<paragraph id="8BD1F074147B4614BDDF37CAFDAAFE4B" blockId="35.[151,615,438,465]" box="[151,615,438,465]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<emphasis id="B91A2C66147B4614BDDF37CAFDAAFE4B" bold="true" box="[151,615,438,465]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7147B4614BDA537CAFDAAFE4B" authority="Iablokoff-Khnzorian" authorityName="Iablokoff-Khnzorian" box="[237,615,438,465]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Alloneda" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B91A2C66147B4614BDA537CAFE97FE4A" bold="true" box="[237,346,438,465]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Alloneda</emphasis>
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Iablokoff-Khnzorian
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C374A3FF147B4614BDDF378AFD90FD95" box="[151,605,502,526]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BD1F074147B4614BDDF378AFD90FD95" blockId="35.[151,1437,502,557]" box="[151,605,502,526]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7ED75A147B4614BDDF378AFD90FD95" box="[151,605,502,526]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<treatmentCitation id="0ACFD665147B4614BDDF378AFDFEFD95" author="Iablokoff-Khnzorian, S. M." box="[151,563,502,526]" page="49" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" year="1979">
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7147B4614BDDF378AFDFEFD95" authority="Iablokoff-Khnzorian, 1979: 49" authorityName="Iablokoff-Khnzorian" authorityPageNumber="49" authorityYear="1979" box="[151,563,502,526]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Alloneda" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B91A2C66147B4614BDDF378AFF3FFD95" box="[151,242,502,526]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Alloneda</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85147B4614BDB1378AFDFEFD95" author="Iablokoff-Khnzorian, S. M." box="[249,563,502,526]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="37 - 75" refId="ref114003" refString="Iablokoff-Khnzorian, S. M. (1979) Genera der Palaarktischen Coccinellini (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Entomologische Blatter fur Biologie und Systematik der Kafer, 75 (1 - 2), 37 - 75." type="journal article" year="1979">Iablokoff-Khnzorian, 1979: 49</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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, 63.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C374A3FF147B4614BF2B378AFDFAFDB7" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="8BD1F074147B4614BF2B378AFDFAFDB7" blockId="35.[151,1437,502,557]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB7ED75A147B4614BF2B378AFDFAFDB7" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<typeStatus id="54D54ED6147B4614BF2B378AFD58FD95" box="[611,661,502,526]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7147B4614BFBA378AFBBCFD95" authority="Hope, 1831" authorityName="Hope" authorityYear="1831" box="[754,1137,502,526]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Coccinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dodecaspilota">
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<emphasis id="B91A2C66147B4614BFBA378AFC39FD95" box="[754,1012,502,526]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Coccinella dodecaspilota</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85147B4614BEB3378AFBBCFD95" author="Hope, F. W." box="[1019,1137,502,526]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="21 - 32" refId="ref113751" refString="Hope, F. W. (1831) s. n. In: Gray, J. E., Synopsis of the new species of Nepaul insects in the collection of Major General Hardwicke. The Zoological Miscellany, London, pp. 21 - 32." type="book chapter" year="1831">Hope, 1831</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(as
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7147B4614B9D3378AFA50FD95" box="[1179,1437,502,526]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Coccinella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dodecastigma">
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<emphasis id="B91A2C66147B4614B9D3378AFA50FD95" box="[1179,1437,502,526]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Coccinella dodecastigma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(sic) Hope), by original designation.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C374A3FF147B4614BDDF3426FBDEFC0E" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BD1F074147B4614BDDF3426FBDEFC0E" blockId="35.[151,1437,602,1241]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<emphasis id="B91A2C66147B4614BDDF3426FEDFFDEF" bold="true" box="[151,274,602,628]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Size medium to large, form broadly circular, dorsum hemispherical, strongly convex and glabrous. Anterior clypeal margin (
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<figureCitation id="1355ECF1147B4614BC853403FDFEFD02" box="[461,563,639,665]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1981,2005]" captionTargetBox="[198,1376,185,1938]" captionTargetId="figure-20@36.[190,1398,181,1957]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 20. Alloneda dodecaspilota (Hope): a. adult, dorsal view; b. antenna; c. head; d. abdominal postcoxal line; e. prosternal process; f. spermatheca; g–i. male genitalia: g. tegmen, ventral view; h. penis; i. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261568/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 20c</figureCitation>
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) straight between lateral projections. Antenna (
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<figureCitation id="1355ECF1147B4614B9313403FB2CFD02" box="[1145,1249,639,665]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1981,2005]" captionTargetBox="[198,1376,185,1938]" captionTargetId="figure-20@36.[190,1398,181,1957]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 20. Alloneda dodecaspilota (Hope): a. adult, dorsal view; b. antenna; c. head; d. abdominal postcoxal line; e. prosternal process; f. spermatheca; g–i. male genitalia: g. tegmen, ventral view; h. penis; i. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261568/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 20b</figureCitation>
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) 11-segmented, antennomere 1 enlarged in anterior half, antennomere 2 quadrate, 3–8 longer than broad, 9 little longer than wide, 10 transverse and terminal antennomere apically obliquely truncate. Pronotum with sides strongly rounded and slightly sinuate adjacent to anterolateral angles. Prothoracic hypomeron deeply foveate at anterior inner corners. Prosternal carinae (
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<figureCitation id="1355ECF1147B4614BDB03573FE9BFCB2" box="[248,342,783,809]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1981,2005]" captionTargetBox="[198,1376,185,1938]" captionTargetId="figure-20@36.[190,1398,181,1957]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 20. Alloneda dodecaspilota (Hope): a. adult, dorsal view; b. antenna; c. head; d. abdominal postcoxal line; e. prosternal process; f. spermatheca; g–i. male genitalia: g. tegmen, ventral view; h. penis; i. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261568/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 20e</figureCitation>
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) reaching up to middle of prosternal process, apically divergent. Anterior margin of mesoventrite (
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<figureCitation id="1355ECF1147B4614BDD7354FFECDFCD6" box="[159,256,819,845]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1981,2005]" captionTargetBox="[198,1376,185,1938]" captionTargetId="figure-20@36.[190,1398,181,1957]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 20. Alloneda dodecaspilota (Hope): a. adult, dorsal view; b. antenna; c. head; d. abdominal postcoxal line; e. prosternal process; f. spermatheca; g–i. male genitalia: g. tegmen, ventral view; h. penis; i. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261568/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 20e</figureCitation>
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) with a deep, V-shaped median emargination. Abdominal postcoxal line (
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<figureCitation id="1355ECF1147B4614B918354FFB7FFCD6" box="[1104,1202,819,845]" captionStart="FIGURE 20" captionStartId="36.[151,250,1981,2005]" captionTargetBox="[198,1376,185,1938]" captionTargetId="figure-20@36.[190,1398,181,1957]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIGURE 20. Alloneda dodecaspilota (Hope): a. adult, dorsal view; b. antenna; c. head; d. abdominal postcoxal line; e. prosternal process; f. spermatheca; g–i. male genitalia: g. tegmen, ventral view; h. penis; i. penis apex." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8261568" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8261568/files/figure.png" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Fig. 20d</figureCitation>
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) incomplete. Elytral epipleura deeply foveate on level with hind coxae, inner carinae reaching elytral apex. Male genitalia with penis consisting of more than one sclerite that are distinctly separated by membranes.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C374A3FF147B4614BD8F35E2FEF3FBF6" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BD1F074147B4614BD8F35E2FEF3FBF6" blockId="35.[151,1437,602,1241]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
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<emphasis id="B91A2C66147B4614BD8F35E2FEF0FC23" bold="true" box="[199,317,926,952]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Affinities.</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85147B4614BC0A35E3FDA6FC22" author="Tomaszewska, W. & Escalona, H. E. & Hartley, D. & Li, J. & Wang, X. & Li, H. S. & Pang, H. & Slipinski, A. & Zwick, A." box="[322,619,927,953]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="611 - 631" refId="ref123461" refString="Tomaszewska, W., Escalona, H. E., Hartley, D., Li, J., Wang, X., Li, H. S., Pang, H., Slipinski, A. & Zwick, A. (2021) Phylogeny of true ladybird beetles (Coccinellidae: Coccinellini) reveals pervasive convergent evolution and a rapid Cenozoic radiation. Systematic Entomology, 46, 611 - 631. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / syen. 12479" type="journal article" year="2021">
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||
Tomaszewska
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||
<emphasis id="B91A2C66147B4614BCAC35E3FDD9FC22" box="[484,532,927,953]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">et al</emphasis>
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||
. (2021)
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||
</bibRefCitation>
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||
grouped
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7147B4614BF9A35E3FCFAFC22" box="[722,823,927,953]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Alloneda" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B91A2C66147B4614BF9A35E3FCFAFC22" box="[722,823,927,953]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Alloneda</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
in the
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7147B4614BEC835E3FC34FC22" box="[896,1017,927,953]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Synonycha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B91A2C66147B4614BEC835E3FC34FC22" box="[896,1017,927,953]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Synonycha</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
-group of genera in their phylogenetic analysis. In their study,
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7147B4614BCEE35BFFDC6FC46" box="[422,523,963,989]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Alloneda" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B91A2C66147B4614BCEE35BFFDC6FC46" box="[422,523,963,989]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Alloneda</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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formed a well-defined and supported clade with
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7147B4614B97335BFFAE8FC46" authority="Mulsant" authorityName="Mulsant" box="[1083,1317,963,989]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Coelophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B91A2C66147B4614B97335BFFB0CFC46" box="[1083,1217,963,989]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Coelophora</emphasis>
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Mulsant
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
(part) and
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7147B4614BDDF359BFF30FB9A" box="[151,253,999,1025]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Propylea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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||
<emphasis id="B91A2C66147B4614BDDF359BFF30FB9A" box="[151,253,999,1025]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Propylea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and shared many morphological similarities with
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7147B4614BE09359BFC0AFB9A" box="[833,967,999,1025]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Coelophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B91A2C66147B4614BE09359BFC0AFB9A" box="[833,967,999,1025]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Coelophora</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
(part). Particularly, the male genitalia in
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<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7147B4614BDDF3277FF31FBBE" box="[151,252,1035,1061]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Alloneda" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B91A2C66147B4614BDDF3277FF31FBBE" box="[151,252,1035,1061]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Alloneda</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
are similar to those of
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7147B4614BF443277FD5FFBBE" box="[524,658,1035,1061]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Coelophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C66147B4614BF443277FD5FFBBE" box="[524,658,1035,1061]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Coelophora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in general and the lateral sides of the pronotum are slightly sinuate near the anterolateral angles in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7147B4614BF4F3253FDA1FBD2" box="[519,620,1071,1097]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Alloneda" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C66147B4614BF4F3253FDA1FBD2" box="[519,620,1071,1097]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Alloneda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and some species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7147B4614BE253253FC3EFBD2" box="[877,1011,1071,1097]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Coelophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C66147B4614BE253253FC3EFBD2" box="[877,1011,1071,1097]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Coelophora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7147B4614B9083253FA88FBD2" box="[1088,1349,1071,1097]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Coelophora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duvaucelii">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C66147B4614B9083253FA88FBD2" box="[1088,1349,1071,1097]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Coelophora duvaucelii</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7147B4614B8CB3253FEE3FBF6" authorityName="ZSIK" baseAuthorityName="Hoang" baseAuthorityYear="1983" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Protothea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decemguttata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C66147B4614B8CB3253FEE3FBF6" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">C. decemguttata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF147B4614BD8F320AFC6FFB0A" box="[199,930,1142,1169]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1F074147B4614BD8F320AFC6FFB0A" blockId="35.[151,1437,602,1241]" box="[199,930,1142,1169]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C66147B4614BD8F320AFEACFB0B" bold="true" box="[199,353,1142,1168]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Asia (Indian Subcontinent; Southeast Asia.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F379B0E4147B4614BE06320BFC5BFB0A" box="[846,918,1143,1169]" name="China" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">China</collectingCountry>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C374A3FF147B4614BD8F32E7FCAEFB42" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" type="taxon_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD1F074147B4614BD8F32E7FCAEFB42" blockId="35.[151,1437,602,1241]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C66147B4614BD8F32E7FE42FB2F" bold="true" box="[199,399,1178,1205]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Included species.</emphasis>
|
||
Only
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7147B4614BC9932E7FCE0FB2E" authority="(Hope)" baseAuthorityName="Hope" box="[465,813,1179,1205]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Alloneda" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dodecaspilota">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C66147B4614BC9932E7FD15FB2E" box="[465,728,1179,1205]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Alloneda dodecaspilota</emphasis>
|
||
(Hope)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known from this region at present.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFFF8D85147B4614B98D32E7FAF9FB2E" author="Yu, G." box="[1221,1332,1179,1205]" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" pagination="282 - 285" refId="ref124777" refString="Yu, G. (1998) Notes on the genus Alloneda Iablokoff-Khnzorian with description of a new species (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Zoological Studies, 37, 282 - 285." type="journal article" year="1998">Yu (1998)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
provided a generic diagnosis and a key to the known species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C6E8BF7147B4614BFBE32C3FC96FB42" box="[758,859,1215,1241]" class="Insecta" family="Coccinellidae" genus="Alloneda" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="35" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91A2C66147B4614BFBE32C3FC96FB42" box="[758,859,1215,1241]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="36">Alloneda</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |