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<document id="163C2D3C8BFDF9D39123AEDBD84F5D36" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.274789" ID-GBIF-Dataset="dca34808-039c-4769-93eb-1eed48c87ea3" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="274789" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461062849629" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kok, Philippe J. R." docDate="2009" docId="8E5E87FEFFBCA151FF23FE74FD20FE9D" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02071p049.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2071" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Oreophrynella macconnelli Boulenger 1900" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="45" masterDocId="7267FF86FFBAA15BFFB4FF80FF99FFBB" masterDocTitle="A new species of Oreophrynella (Anura: Bufonidae) from the Pantepui region of Guyana, with notes on O. macconnelli Boulenger, 1900" masterLastPageNumber="49" masterPageNumber="35" pageNumber="41" updateTime="1698582894448" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="C194483A11CBB8DEA7798C37F5D1B952">A new species of Oreophrynella (Anura: Bufonidae) from the Pantepui region of Guyana, with notes on O. macconnelli Boulenger, 1900</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E89A9234D5BC94157983AAF58916B881">Kok, Philippe J. R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="AF900BC70BE54B3C2FE42D32A02D6EF0">2009</mods:date>
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<treatment id="8E5E87FEFFBCA151FF23FE74FD20FE9D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5666996" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119614259" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5666996" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8E5E87FEFFBCA151FF23FE74FD20FE9D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8E5E87FEFFBCA151FF23FE74FD20FE9D" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<subSubSection id="4EED6563FFBCA15DFF23FE74FD28FDB6" box="[151,689,499,526]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="064836E8FFBCA15DFF23FE74FD28FDB6" blockId="6.[151,689,499,526]" box="[151,689,499,526]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<heading id="5D008184FFBCA15DFF23FE74FD28FDB6" bold="true" box="[151,689,499,526]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="C1F74D6BFFBCA15DFF23FE74FD28FDB6" ID-CoL="74TXV" authority="Boulenger, 1900" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1900" box="[151,689,499,526]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Oreophrynella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macconnelli">
<emphasis id="3483EAFAFFBCA15DFF23FE74FD28FDB6" bold="true" box="[151,689,499,526]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="3483EAFAFFBCA15DFF23FE74FE7BFDB5" bold="true" box="[151,482,500,526]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Oreophrynella macconnelli</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="62664B19FFBCA15DFE5DFE73FD28FDB6" author="Boulenger" box="[489,689,499,525]" pageId="6" pageNumber="48" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1900) Batrachians. Report on a collection made by Messrs. F. V. McConnell and J. J. Quelch at Mount Roraima in British Guiana. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology, Series 2, 8, 55 - 56." type="journal article" year="1900">Boulenger, 1900</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="064836E8FFBCA15DFF23FDBDFD33FD2F" blockId="6.[151,736,573,660]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="26E711C6FFBCA15DFF23FDBDFD33FD2F" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="C1F74D6BFFBCA15DFF23FDBDFE27FDEF" ID-CoL="69MR" authority="Macconnelli" authorityName="Macconnelli" box="[151,446,573,596]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Oreophrynella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3483EAFAFFBCA15DFF23FDBDFE27FDEF" box="[151,446,573,596]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Oreophrynella Macconnelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[sic]
<treatmentCitation id="875610F9FFBCA15DFE4FFDBDFD4CFDEF" author="Boulenger" box="[507,725,573,596]" page="55" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" year="1900">
<bibRefCitation id="62664B19FFBCA15DFE4FFDBDFD36FDEF" author="Boulenger" box="[507,687,573,596]" pageId="6" pageNumber="48" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1900) Batrachians. Report on a collection made by Messrs. F. V. McConnell and J. J. Quelch at Mount Roraima in British Guiana. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology, Series 2, 8, 55 - 56." type="journal article" year="1900">Boulenger, 1900</bibRefCitation>
: 55
</treatmentCitation>
<taxonomicName id="C1F74D6BFFBCA15DFF23FDDDFD79FDCF" ID-CoL="74TXV" authority="Rivero, 1961: 175" authorityName="Rivero" authorityPageNumber="175" authorityYear="1961" box="[151,736,605,628]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Oreophrynella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="quelchii" subSpecies="macconnelli">
<emphasis id="3483EAFAFFBCA15DFF23FDDDFD81FDCF" box="[151,536,605,628]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Oreophrynella quelchii macconnelli</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="875610F9FFBCA15DFDABFDDDFD79FDCF" author="Rivero" box="[543,736,605,628]" page="175" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" year="1961">
<bibRefCitation id="62664B19FFBCA15DFDABFDDDFD37FDCF" author="Rivero" box="[543,686,605,628]" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" refString="Rivero, J. A. (1961) Salientia of Venezuela. Museum of Comparative Zoology, Harvard University Bulletin, 126, 1 - 207." type="journal article" year="1961">Rivero, 1961</bibRefCitation>
: 175
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="C1F74D6BFFBCA15DFF23FDFDFD33FD2F" ID-CoL="74TXV" authority="McDiarmid, 1971: 41" authorityName="McDiarmid" authorityPageNumber="41" authorityYear="1971" box="[151,682,637,660]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Oreophrynella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macconnelli">
<emphasis id="3483EAFAFFBCA15DFF23FDFDFE22FD2F" box="[151,443,637,660]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Oreophrynella macconnelli</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="875610F9FFBCA15DFE76FDFDFD33FD2F" author="McDiarmid" box="[450,682,637,660]" page="41" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" year="1971">
<bibRefCitation id="62664B19FFBCA15DFE76FDFDFD1CFD2F" author="McDiarmid" box="[450,645,637,660]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="6" pageNumber="48" refString="McDiarmid, R. W. (1971) Comparative morphology and evolution of frogs of the Neotropical genera Atelopus, Dendrophryniscus, Melanophryniscus, and Oreophrynella. Bulletin of the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History, 12, 1 - 66." type="journal article" year="1971">McDiarmid, 1971</bibRefCitation>
: 41
</treatmentCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="064836E8FFBCA15DFF23FD44FAACFCBF" blockId="6.[151,1437,708,966]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName id="C1F74D6BFFBCA15DFF23FD44FE7BFD66" ID-CoL="74TXV" box="[151,482,708,733]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Oreophrynella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macconnelli">
<emphasis id="3483EAFAFFBCA15DFF23FD44FE7BFD66" box="[151,482,708,733]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Oreophrynella macconnelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was described by
<bibRefCitation id="62664B19FFBCA15DFD77FD44FC00FD65" author="Boulenger" box="[707,921,708,734]" pageId="6" pageNumber="48" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1900) Batrachians. Report on a collection made by Messrs. F. V. McConnell and J. J. Quelch at Mount Roraima in British Guiana. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology, Series 2, 8, 55 - 56." type="journal article" year="1900">Boulenger (1900)</bibRefCitation>
on the basis of a single specimen (a male, although not stated in the description) collected at
<emphasis id="3483EAFAFFBCA15DFD53FD6AFC93FCB8" box="[743,778,746,771]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">ca.</emphasis>
<quantity id="C10F9B0DFFBCA15DFCA6FD6AFCF3FCBF" box="[786,874,746,772]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.067" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="1067.0">1067 m</quantity>
elevation on Mount
<taxonomicName id="C1F74D6BFFBCA15DFBEAFD6AFB5FFCBF" ID-CoL="676TR" box="[1118,1222,746,772]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="roraima">Roraima</taxonomicName>
,
<collectingCountry id="7EE07678FFBCA15DFB66FD6AFAA8FCBF" box="[1234,1329,746,772]" name="Guyana" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Guyana</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4EED6563FFBCA152FF71FC91FB38F9E9" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" type="description">
<paragraph id="064836E8FFBCA15DFF71FC91FCC7FC7D" blockId="6.[151,1437,708,966]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
Four specimens (three males, one juvenile) of this poorly known species with characteristic basal webbing on hand and foot (
<figureCitation id="9ECC2A6DFFBCA15DFEC0FCB8FE23FCE9" box="[372,442,824,850]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,257,1734,1758]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,1154,1710]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,1154,1710]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Oreophrynella macconnelli, preserved specimen (IRSNB 14335, 22.3 mm SVL, ventral view). A: Left hand. B: Left foot. Scale bars are 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274795/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
A–B) were collected on the southeast slope of Maringma tepui and conform to the
<typeStatus id="D94C884AFFBCA15DFF23FCDEFF67FCC3" box="[151,254,862,888]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and to two topotypic specimens examined. Variation of measurements of the Maringma specimens is given in
<tableCitation id="4B750353FFBCA15DFEB5FC05FEC2FC24" box="[257,347,901,927]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[151,242,1017,1041]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,1102,1655]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphometric measurements (in mm) of Oreophrynella macconnelli specimens from Maringma tepui. Abbreviations are defined in the text. Mean ± SD are followed by the range in parentheses." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/52886660FFBCA15DFF23FC79FBFBFB88" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" tableUuid="52886660FFBCA15DFF23FC79FBFBFB88">
Table
<date id="72491028FFBCA15DFEFFFC05FEC2FC24" box="[331,347,901,927]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">1</date>
</tableCitation>
. I refrain from redescribing
<taxonomicName id="C1F74D6BFFBCA15DFD04FC05FC6EFC25" box="[688,1015,901,926]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Oreophrynella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macconnelli">
<emphasis id="3483EAFAFFBCA15DFD04FC05FC6EFC25" box="[688,1015,901,926]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Oreophrynella macconnelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
since a formal redescription of the species is in progress by Means (D. B. Means, pers. comm.).
</paragraph>
<caption id="52886660FFBCA15DFF23FC79FBFBFB88" ID-Table-UUID="52886660FFBCA15DFF23FC79FBFBFB88" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/52886660FFBCA15DFF23FC79FBFBFB88" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" targetBox="[151,1437,1102,1655]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="064836E8FFBCA15DFF23FC79FBFBFB88" blockId="6.[151,1437,1017,1075]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis id="3483EAFAFFBCA15DFF23FC79FE89FBAA" bold="true" box="[151,272,1017,1041]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Morphometric measurements (in mm) of
<taxonomicName id="C1F74D6BFFBCA15DFD5EFC79FB86FBAB" box="[746,1055,1017,1040]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Oreophrynella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macconnelli">
<emphasis id="3483EAFAFFBCA15DFD5EFC79FB86FBAB" box="[746,1055,1017,1040]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Oreophrynella macconnelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
specimens from Maringma tepui. Abbreviations are defined in the text. Mean ± SD are followed by the range in parentheses.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="064836E8FFBCA15DFF2BFBCEFC4BF9CC" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<table id="74F7C448FFBC5EA4FF23FBCEFA04F9CC" box="[151,1437,1102,1655]" gridcols="3" gridrows="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<tr id="B8C734AAFFBC5EA4FF23FBCEFA04FBDE" box="[151,1437,1102,1125]" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<th id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FF23FBCEFE9EFBDE" box="[151,263,1102,1125]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Character</th>
<th id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FE4BFBCEFD64FBDE" box="[511,765,1102,1125]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
Males (
<emphasis id="3483EAFAFFBCA15DFDE4FBCEFDC4FBDE" box="[592,605,1102,1125]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">n</emphasis>
= 3)
</th>
<th id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FC05FBCEFA04FBDE" box="[945,1437,1102,1125]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
Juvenile (
<emphasis id="3483EAFAFFBCA15DFBADFBCEFBBFFBDE" box="[1049,1062,1102,1125]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">n</emphasis>
= 1)
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="B8C734AAFFBC5EA4FF23FBF9FA04FB2A" box="[151,1437,1145,1169]" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<th id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FF23FBF9FE9EFB2A" box="[151,263,1145,1169]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">SVL</th>
<td id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FE4BFBF9FD64FB2A" box="[511,765,1145,1169]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">22.4 ± 0.27 (22.2–22.7)</td>
<td id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FC05FBF9FA04FB2A" box="[945,1437,1145,1169]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">12.3</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B8C734AAFFBC5EA4FF23FB25FA04FB06" box="[151,1437,1189,1213]" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<th id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FF23FB25FE9EFB06" box="[151,263,1189,1213]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">HL</th>
<td id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FE4BFB25FD64FB06" box="[511,765,1189,1213]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">7.7 ± 0.23 (7.4–7.8)</td>
<td id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FC05FB25FA04FB06" box="[945,1437,1189,1213]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">4.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B8C734AAFFBC5EA4FF23FB51FA04FB50" box="[151,1437,1233,1259]" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<th id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FF23FB51FE9EFB50" box="[151,263,1233,1259]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">HW</th>
<td id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FE4BFB51FD64FB50" box="[511,765,1233,1259]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">8.27 ± 0.35 (7.9–8.6)</td>
<td id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FC05FB51FA04FB50" box="[945,1437,1233,1259]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">4.8</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B8C734AAFFBC5EA4FF23FB7EFA04FAAD" box="[151,1437,1278,1302]" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<th id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FF23FB7EFE9EFAAD" box="[151,263,1278,1302]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">SL</th>
<td id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FE4BFB7EFD64FAAD" box="[511,765,1278,1302]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">3.5 ± 0.10 (3.4–3.6)</td>
<td id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FC05FB7EFA04FAAD" box="[945,1437,1278,1302]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">2.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B8C734AAFFBC5EA4FF23FAAAFA04FAF9" box="[151,1437,1322,1346]" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<th id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FF23FAAAFE9EFAF9" box="[151,263,1322,1346]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">EN</th>
<td id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FE4BFAAAFD64FAF9" box="[511,765,1322,1346]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">2.1 ± 0.10 (2.0–2.2)</td>
<td id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FC05FAAAFA04FAF9" box="[945,1437,1322,1346]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">1.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B8C734AAFFBC5EA4FF23FAD6FA04FAD5" box="[151,1437,1366,1390]" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<th id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FF23FAD6FE9EFAD5" box="[151,263,1366,1390]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">EYE</th>
<td id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FE4BFAD6FD64FAD5" box="[511,765,1366,1390]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">2.6 ± 0.06 (2.5–2.6)</td>
<td id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FC05FAD6FA04FAD5" box="[945,1437,1366,1390]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">1.7</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B8C734AAFFBC5EA4FF23FA02FA04FA21" box="[151,1437,1410,1434]" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<th id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FF23FA02FE9EFA21" box="[151,263,1410,1434]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">IND</th>
<td id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FE4BFA02FD64FA21" box="[511,765,1410,1434]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">2.33 ± 0.15 (2.2–2.5)</td>
<td id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FC05FA02FA04FA21" box="[945,1437,1410,1434]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">1.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B8C734AAFFBC5EA4FF23FA2EFA04FA73" box="[151,1437,1454,1480]" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<th id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FF23FA2EFE9EFA73" box="[151,263,1454,1480]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">IOD</th>
<td id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FE4BFA2EFD64FA73" box="[511,765,1454,1480]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">3.13 ± 0.12 (3.0–3.2)</td>
<td id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FC05FA2EFA04FA73" box="[945,1437,1454,1480]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">2.1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B8C734AAFFBC5EA4FF23FA5CFA04FA4F" box="[151,1437,1500,1524]" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<th id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FF23FA5CFE9EFA4F" box="[151,263,1500,1524]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">HAND</th>
<td id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FE4BFA5CFD64FA4F" box="[511,765,1500,1524]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">5.5 ± 0.10 (5.4–5.6)</td>
<td id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FC05FA5CFA04FA4F" box="[945,1437,1500,1524]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">3.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B8C734AAFFBC5EA4FF23F988FA04F9A4" box="[151,1437,1544,1567]" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<th id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FF23F988FE9EF9A4" box="[151,263,1544,1567]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">FEM</th>
<td id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FE4BF988FD64F9A4" box="[511,765,1544,1567]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">9.03 ± 0.23 (8.9–9.3)</td>
<td id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FC05F988FA04F9A4" box="[945,1437,1544,1567]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">5.4</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B8C734AAFFBC5EA4FF23F9B4FA04F9F7" box="[151,1437,1588,1612]" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<th id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FF23F9B4FE9EF9F7" box="[151,263,1588,1612]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">TIB</th>
<td id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FE4BF9B4FD64F9F7" box="[511,765,1588,1612]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">8.53 ± 0.23 (8.4–8.8)</td>
<td id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FC05F9B4FA04F9F7" box="[945,1437,1588,1612]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">5.0</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B8C734AAFFBC5EA4FF23F9E0FA04F9CC" box="[151,1437,1632,1655]" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
<th id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FF23F9E0FE9EF9CC" box="[151,263,1632,1655]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">FOOT</th>
<td id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FE4BF9E0FD64F9CC" box="[511,765,1632,1655]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">6.83 ± 0.41 (6.4–7.2)</td>
<td id="FB165DD6FFBC5EA4FC05F9E0FA04F9CC" box="[945,1437,1632,1655]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">3.6</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="064836E8FFBCA15DFF71F942FA98F87F" blockId="6.[151,1437,1730,1988]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
The following features characterize the Maringma specimens: (1) small size (up to
<quantity id="C10F9B0DFFBCA15DFB24F942FB61F967" box="[1168,1272,1730,1756]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.27" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="22.7">22.7 mm</quantity>
SVL in male, female unknown); (2) frontoparietal crests indistinct; (3) postorbital crests barely distinct; (4) suborbital crest indistinct; (5) dorsal skin minutely spiculate with scattered small to medium, low, round tubercles; (6) ventral skin coarsely granular; (7) webbing on hand and foot basal; (8) adult dorsal colour in life variable, from light brownish orange to olive brown, with a series of yellow spots forming a dorsolateral line, and series of yellow spots on upper arm and thigh forming short longitudinal lines; (9) adult ventral colour in life creamy yellow with brown marbling; (10) one vocal slit present on the left side of the floor of the buccal cavity.
</paragraph>
<caption id="52886660FFBDA15CFF23F8A1FB6AF85E" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274793/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" targetBox="[185,1408,197,1795]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="064836E8FFBDA15CFF23F8A1FB6AF85E" blockId="7.[151,1436,1825,2021]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">
<emphasis id="3483EAFAFFBDA15CFF23F8A1FE8FF882" bold="true" box="[151,278,1825,1849]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">FIGURE 4</emphasis>
. A: Map of the Guiana Shield, dark arrow indicates location of Maringma tepui (in red). B: Area map of Maringma tepui showing the type locality of
<taxonomicName id="C1F74D6BFFBDA15CFDCDF8C4FC1BF8E0" box="[633,898,1860,1883]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Oreophrynella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="seegobini" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3483EAFAFFBDA15CFDCDF8C4FC1BF8E0" box="[633,898,1860,1883]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Oreophrynella seegobini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="3483EAFAFFBDA15CFC3DF8C3FC46F8E0" bold="true" box="[905,991,1859,1883]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2FB05781FFBDA15CFC3DF8C3FC46F8E0" box="[905,991,1859,1883]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(brown dot) and the collecting locality of
<taxonomicName id="C1F74D6BFFBDA15CFF23F8E7FEA6F8C5" box="[151,319,1895,1918]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Oreophrynella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macconnelli">
<emphasis id="3483EAFAFFBDA15CFF23F8E7FEA6F8C5" box="[151,319,1895,1918]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">O. macconnelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(orange dot). Coordinates and boundary with Brazil are approximate and based on the available map (note that there is a substantial difference in the country boundary between this map and that shown in Google Earth). Maps elaborated after “
<taxonomicName id="C1F74D6BFFBDA15CFE25F82CFE76F878" box="[401,495,1964,1987]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="roraima">Roraima</taxonomicName>
Sheet 40 SE” published by the Survey Department of Guyana, 1972, and a radar image of South America by NASA/JPL/ NIMA available at http://photojournal.jpl.nasa.gov/catalog/PIA03388.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="52886660FFB2A153FF23FBB5FAA3FBF7" box="[151,1338,1077,1101]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274794/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" targetBox="[151,1435,194,1053]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="064836E8FFB2A153FF23FBB5FAA3FBF7" blockId="8.[151,1338,1077,1101]" box="[151,1338,1077,1101]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="3483EAFAFFB2A153FF23FBB5FE8BFBF6" bold="true" box="[151,274,1077,1101]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">FIGURE 5</emphasis>
. The summit of Maringma tepui, habitat of
<taxonomicName id="C1F74D6BFFB2A153FD5CFBB5FC68FBF7" box="[744,1009,1077,1100]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Oreophrynella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="seegobini" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3483EAFAFFB2A153FD5CFBB5FC68FBF7" box="[744,1009,1077,1100]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Oreophrynella seegobini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="3483EAFAFFB2A153FC43FBB5FBD5FBF6" bold="true" box="[1015,1100,1077,1101]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2FB05781FFB2A153FC43FBB5FBD5FBF6" box="[1015,1100,1077,1101]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
(29 November 2007).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="52886660FFB2A153FF23F946FDDAF8BB" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274795/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" targetBox="[151,1435,1154,1710]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="064836E8FFB2A153FF23F946FDDAF8BB" blockId="8.[151,1436,1734,1792]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="3483EAFAFFB2A153FF23F946FE8EF965" bold="true" box="[151,279,1734,1758]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">FIGURE 6</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="C1F74D6BFFB2A153FE91F947FDCCF965" box="[293,597,1735,1758]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Oreophrynella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macconnelli">
<emphasis id="3483EAFAFFB2A153FE91F947FDCCF965" box="[293,597,1735,1758]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Oreophrynella macconnelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, preserved specimen (IRSNB 14335, 22.3 mm SVL, ventral view). A: Left hand. B: Left foot. Scale bars are 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="064836E8FFB2A152FF71F8AEFB4AFE21" blockId="8.[151,1437,1838,2020]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1437,152,410]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="3483EAFAFFB2A153FF71F8AEFEEDF8F3" bold="true" box="[197,372,1838,1864]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Colour in life.</emphasis>
Adult dorsal colour is variable (
<figureCitation id="9ECC2A6DFFB2A153FD42F8AFFCA5F8F2" box="[758,828,1839,1865]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,255,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,477,1343]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,477,1345]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Oreophrynella macconnelli. A: Dorsolateral view of IRSNB 14333 (adult male, 22.7 mm SVL) in life. B: Dorsolateral view of IRSNB 14334 (adult male, 22.2 mm SVL) in life. C: Dorsolateral view of IRSNB 14336 (juvenile, 12.3 mm SVL) in life. D: Ventral view of IRSNB 14334 (adult male, 22.2 mm SVL) in life." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274796/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
A–B), ranging from light brownish orange (IRSNB 14333, adult male) to olive brown with darker spotting (IRSNB 14334–5). Olive brown specimens have distinct white spots on the lower flank, while in the orange specimen these spots are yellowish and less conspicuous. All adult specimens with a series of yellow (IRSNB 14333) to brownish orange (IRSNB 14334–5) spots forming a dorsolateral line, and series of similar spots on axilla, upper arm, groin and thigh forming short longitudinal stripes on limbs. All adult specimens have a white to yellow spot below the eye, although this spot is inconspicuous in IRSNB 14333. Adult ventral colour is creamy yellow with brown marbling; palm and sole are orange (
<figureCitation id="9ECC2A6DFFB3A152FDF2FF65FD12FF44" box="[582,651,229,255]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,255,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,477,1343]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,477,1345]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Oreophrynella macconnelli. A: Dorsolateral view of IRSNB 14333 (adult male, 22.7 mm SVL) in life. B: Dorsolateral view of IRSNB 14334 (adult male, 22.2 mm SVL) in life. C: Dorsolateral view of IRSNB 14336 (juvenile, 12.3 mm SVL) in life. D: Ventral view of IRSNB 14334 (adult male, 22.2 mm SVL) in life." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274796/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
D). IRSNB 14336, a juvenile, is much darker than adults in having a kaki dorsum with a few yellow spots, and dark brown flanks with a few whitish spots. A few white spots form a less conspicuous dorsolateral line than in adults, and a large longitudinal whitish spot is present on the upper arm and thigh. An anteriorly inclined whitish stripe extends from before the eye to upper lip; white spot below eye smaller than in adults (
<figureCitation id="9ECC2A6DFFB3A152FD95FE00FDF1FE21" box="[545,616,384,410]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,255,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,477,1343]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,477,1345]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Oreophrynella macconnelli. A: Dorsolateral view of IRSNB 14333 (adult male, 22.7 mm SVL) in life. B: Dorsolateral view of IRSNB 14334 (adult male, 22.2 mm SVL) in life. C: Dorsolateral view of IRSNB 14336 (juvenile, 12.3 mm SVL) in life. D: Ventral view of IRSNB 14334 (adult male, 22.2 mm SVL) in life." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274796/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
C). Ventral colour similar to adults, but much darker.
</paragraph>
<caption id="52886660FFB3A152FF23FADFFBF0FA07" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274796/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" targetBox="[151,1435,477,1343]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="064836E8FFB3A152FF23FADFFBF0FA07" blockId="9.[151,1436,1375,1468]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="3483EAFAFFB3A152FF23FADFFE8AFACC" bold="true" box="[151,275,1375,1399]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">FIGURE 7</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="C1F74D6BFFB3A152FE96FAE0FDD3FACC" box="[290,586,1376,1399]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Oreophrynella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macconnelli">
<emphasis id="3483EAFAFFB3A152FE96FAE0FDD3FACC" box="[290,586,1376,1399]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">Oreophrynella macconnelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. A: Dorsolateral view of IRSNB 14333 (adult male, 22.7 mm SVL) in life. B: Dorsolateral view of IRSNB 14334 (adult male, 22.2 mm SVL) in life. C: Dorsolateral view of IRSNB 14336 (juvenile, 12.3 mm SVL) in life. D: Ventral view of IRSNB 14334 (adult male, 22.2 mm SVL) in life.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="064836E8FFB3A152FF71FA6AFB38F9E9" blockId="9.[151,1437,1514,2004]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="3483EAFAFFB3A152FF71FA6AFE6BF9BF" bold="true" box="[197,498,1514,1540]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">Colour in preservative.</emphasis>
Dorsal colour ranges from light brown (IRSNB 14333) to dark grey, almost black (IRSNB 14334–6). All spots and stripes are creamy white (
<figureCitation id="9ECC2A6DFFB3A152FC20F991FC40F990" box="[916,985,1553,1579]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,255,1904,1928]" captionTargetBox="[225,1358,197,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[225,1359,197,1878]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Oreophrynella macconnelli, preserved specimens. A: Upper row, from left to right, dorsal view of IRSNB 14333 (adult male, 22.7 mm SVL) and IRSNB 14334 (adult male, 22.2 mm SVL); lower row, from left to right, dorsal view of IRSNB 14335 (adult male, 22.3 mm SVL) and IRSNB 14336 (juvenile, 12.3 mm SVL). B: Ventral views of the same specimens as above, respectively." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274797/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
A). Ventral colour is creamy yellow in adults, dark grey with white spots in the juvenile. Palm and sole are light grey (
<figureCitation id="9ECC2A6DFFB3A152FB83F9B8FBE4F9E9" box="[1079,1149,1592,1618]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,255,1904,1928]" captionTargetBox="[225,1358,197,1876]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[225,1359,197,1878]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Oreophrynella macconnelli, preserved specimens. A: Upper row, from left to right, dorsal view of IRSNB 14333 (adult male, 22.7 mm SVL) and IRSNB 14334 (adult male, 22.2 mm SVL); lower row, from left to right, dorsal view of IRSNB 14335 (adult male, 22.3 mm SVL) and IRSNB 14336 (juvenile, 12.3 mm SVL). B: Ventral views of the same specimens as above, respectively." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274797/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
B).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4EED6563FFB3A151FF71F9DEFD20FE9D" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="064836E8FFB3A152FF71F9DEFBBCF957" blockId="9.[151,1437,1514,2004]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="3483EAFAFFB3A152FF71F9DEFD9AF9C3" bold="true" box="[197,515,1630,1656]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">Distribution and ecology.</emphasis>
According to
<bibRefCitation id="62664B19FFB3A152FD1BF9DEFBB2F9C3" author="Senaris" box="[687,1067,1630,1656]" pageId="9" pageNumber="49" refString="Senaris, J. C. &amp; MacCulloch, R. D. (2005) Amphibians. In: Hollowell, T. &amp; Reynolds R. P. (Eds.). Checklist of the terrestrial vertebrates of the Guiana Shield. Bulletin of the Biological Society of Washington 13, pp. 8 - 23." type="journal article" year="2005">Señaris and MacCulloch (2005)</bibRefCitation>
and MacCulloch
<emphasis id="3483EAFAFFB3A152FAB5F9DFFAAFF9C3" box="[1281,1334,1631,1656]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">et al</emphasis>
. (2007),
<taxonomicName id="C1F74D6BFFB3A152FF23F905FE7BF925" box="[151,482,1669,1694]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Oreophrynella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macconnelli">
<emphasis id="3483EAFAFFB3A152FF23F905FE7BF925" box="[151,482,1669,1694]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">Oreophrynella macconnelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is reported only from the slopes of Mount
<taxonomicName id="C1F74D6BFFB3A152FC44F905FBCEF924" box="[1008,1111,1669,1695]" class="Amphibia" family="Aromobatidae" genus="Anomaloglossus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="roraima">Roraima</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="7EE07678FFB3A152FB34F905FB44F924" box="[1152,1245,1669,1695]" name="Guyana" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">Guyana</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="7EE07678FFB3A152FAADF905FA01F924" box="[1305,1432,1669,1695]" name="Venezuela" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
, between
<quantity id="C10F9B0DFFB3A152FF4BF92BFE38F97E" box="[255,417,1707,1733]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4335" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.067" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="1433.5" valueMax="1800.0" valueMin="1067.0">1067–1800 m</quantity>
elevation. MacCulloch
<emphasis id="3483EAFAFFB3A152FD0EF92CFD74F97E" box="[698,749,1708,1733]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">et al</emphasis>
. (2007) considered
<taxonomicName id="C1F74D6BFFB3A152FC63F92CFB10F97E" box="[983,1161,1708,1733]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Oreophrynella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macconnelli">
<emphasis id="3483EAFAFFB3A152FC63F92CFB10F97E" box="[983,1161,1708,1733]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">
<collectingCountry id="7EE07678FFB3A152FC63F92CFC76F97E" box="[983,1007,1708,1733]" name="Iceland" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">O</collectingCountry>
. macconnelli
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
a highland species (
<emphasis id="3483EAFAFFB3A152FACCF92CFA05F97E" box="[1400,1436,1708,1733]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">i.e.</emphasis>
typically occurring over
<quantity id="C10F9B0DFFB3A152FE03F952FD89F957" box="[439,528,1746,1772]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</quantity>
elevation) with highly restricted distribution.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="064836E8FFB3A152FF71F979FD3EF83C" blockId="9.[151,1437,1514,2004]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">
Specimens from Maringma tepui were collected at
<quantity id="C10F9B0DFFB3A152FC9EF979FC1DF8A8" box="[810,900,1785,1811]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.376" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="1376.0">1376 m</quantity>
elevation and expand the known geographic range of the species to the west (roughly
<quantity id="C10F9B0DFFB3A152FD22F8A0FD7DF881" box="[662,740,1824,1850]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" unit="km" value="17.0">17 km</quantity>
airline,
<figureCitation id="9ECC2A6DFFB3A152FCF8F8A0FC35F881" box="[844,940,1824,1850]" captionStart="FIGURE 4. A" captionStartId="7.[151,257,1825,1849]" captionTargetBox="[185,1408,197,1795]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[185,1410,197,1796]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. A: Map of the Guiana Shield, dark arrow indicates location of Maringma tepui (in red). B: Area map of Maringma tepui showing the type locality of Oreophrynella seegobini sp. nov. (brown dot) and the collecting locality of O. macconnelli (orange dot). Coordinates and boundary with Brazil are approximate and based on the available map (note that there is a substantial difference in the country boundary between this map and that shown in Google Earth). Maps elaborated after “ Roraima Sheet 40 SE ” published by the Survey Department of Guyana, 1972, and a radar image of South America by NASA / JPL / NIMA available at http: // photojournal. jpl. nasa. gov / catalog / PIA 03388." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274793/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
–B) suggesting a wider distribution than expected. Instead of being a highland species,
<taxonomicName id="C1F74D6BFFB3A152FD5FF8C7FC34F8DB" box="[747,941,1863,1888]" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Oreophrynella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="macconnelli">
<emphasis id="3483EAFAFFB3A152FD5FF8C7FC34F8DB" box="[747,941,1863,1888]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">
<collectingCountry id="7EE07678FFB3A152FD5FF8C7FC9CF8DB" box="[747,773,1863,1888]" name="Iceland" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">O</collectingCountry>
. macconnelli
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears rather to be an upland species occasionally invading higher elevation areas.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="064836E8FFB3A151FF71F813FC77FF63" blockId="9.[151,1437,1514,2004]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,152,294]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">
Habitat consists of montane medium-canopy forest with abundant epiphytes and mosses, and rich undergrowth (
<figureCitation id="9ECC2A6DFFB3A152FEF7F83AFE14F86F" box="[323,397,1978,2004]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[151,257,1172,1196]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,184,1147]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,184,1148]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Habitat of Oreophrynella macconnelli on the southeast slope of Maringma tepui. A: Montane mediumcanopy forest with abundant epiphytes and mosses, and rich undergrowth. B: Campyloneurum sp., Polypodiaceae, an epiphytic fern species on which most specimens of O. macconnelli specimens were collected (white arrow indicates typical location of a specimen)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274798/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
A). All the Maringma specimens were found active by night, walking on the apex of epiphytic ferns (
<taxonomicName id="C1F74D6BFFB0A151FED6FF18FDB4FF0A" box="[354,557,152,177]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Campyloneurum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3483EAFAFFB0A151FED6FF18FDB4FF0A" box="[354,557,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Campyloneurum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.,
<taxonomicName id="C1F74D6BFFB0A151FDDEFF18FCB9FF09" box="[618,800,152,178]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="10" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Polypodiaceae</taxonomicName>
,
<figureCitation id="9ECC2A6DFFB0A151FC99FF18FCF7FF09" box="[813,878,152,178]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[151,257,1172,1196]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,184,1147]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[151,1436,184,1148]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Habitat of Oreophrynella macconnelli on the southeast slope of Maringma tepui. A: Montane mediumcanopy forest with abundant epiphytes and mosses, and rich undergrowth. B: Campyloneurum sp., Polypodiaceae, an epiphytic fern species on which most specimens of O. macconnelli specimens were collected (white arrow indicates typical location of a specimen)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274798/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Fig 9</figureCitation>
B) about 1.0–3.0 m above the ground, except IRSNB 14333 (adult male), which was collected on the ground at 17h00.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="064836E8FFB0A151FF71FF65FD20FE9D" blockId="10.[151,1437,152,294]" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">
When handled specimens exhibited a defensive posture consisting of arching the back and flexing the head downward towards the handler (
<figureCitation id="9ECC2A6DFFB0A151FDFBFE8CFD0FFE9D" box="[591,662,268,294]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,255,1375,1399]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,477,1343]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[151,1436,477,1345]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Oreophrynella macconnelli. A: Dorsolateral view of IRSNB 14333 (adult male, 22.7 mm SVL) in life. B: Dorsolateral view of IRSNB 14334 (adult male, 22.2 mm SVL) in life. C: Dorsolateral view of IRSNB 14336 (juvenile, 12.3 mm SVL) in life. D: Ventral view of IRSNB 14334 (adult male, 22.2 mm SVL) in life." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/274796/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="45">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
B).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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