290 lines
33 KiB
XML
290 lines
33 KiB
XML
<document id="02C7C2F86033C0CBF8FA491D36F86536" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3956.2.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0cef7fa5-f64d-4988-b1b1-104c36ae02a2" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="237836" ID-ZooBank="26251DCD-0660-4E4A-B5D1-FDC05BCFBE0F" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461054300067" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Dos Santos Junior, José N. A., Silveira, Orlando T. & Carpenter, James M." docDate="2015" docId="1925031BFF993E2AA1BBB1F111FFFAE8" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03956p182.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3956 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Protopolybia diligens Smith 1857" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="158" masterDocId="E51C7B63FF9F3E2DA12CB53E136BFF90" masterDocTitle="Phylogeny of Protopolybia Ducke, 1905 and taxonomic revision of the Protopolybia exigua species-group (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Polistinae), with description of four new species" masterLastPageNumber="182" masterPageNumber="151" pageNumber="157" updateTime="1698580667324" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="50A9F4CA6A59D594209028B469DFD092">Phylogeny of Protopolybia Ducke, 1905 and taxonomic revision of the Protopolybia exigua species-group (Hymenoptera: Vespidae, Polistinae), with description of four new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="26050A7B79A2D5B317DC9D36CB9068A3">Dos Santos Junior, José N. A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1048E7333E2251B3D986FFDF3F3B5F90">Silveira, Orlando T.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="84654755039178C9F513FD5A1D19D531">Carpenter, James M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="8667B480DF69C166AABC220A514B3299">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="9E1226471DDB5757818DA6A6C5D850C4">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="CBDE6D5418AAED606CD8CD4E35B7700B">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="288538189478161D653B491D4968D586" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="3749C05E40B62EAA18561693688D3E9B">3956</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="8C3B95CD4713B2070B2CEAA857C21063" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3956.2.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="1925031BFF993E2AA1BBB1F111FFFAE8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6104358" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119612691" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6104358" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1925031BFF993E2AA1BBB1F111FFFAE8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1925031BFF993E2AA1BBB1F111FFFAE8" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="158" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">
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<subSubSection id="D996E186FF993E2BA1BBB1F112A4FA9B" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="9133B20DFF993E2BA1BBB1F1118EFB7A" blockId="6.[151,741,1231,1291]" box="[151,741,1231,1258]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">
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<heading id="CA7B0561FF993E2BA1BBB1F1118EFB7A" bold="true" box="[151,741,1231,1258]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="A3F86E1FFF993E2BA1BBB1F1118EFB7A" bold="true" box="[151,741,1231,1258]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">
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<taxonomicName id="568CC98EFF993E2BA1BBB1F1112CFB7A" ID-CoL="4L257" authority="Smith, 1857" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1857" box="[151,583,1231,1258]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Protopolybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diligens">
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<emphasis id="A3F86E1FFF993E2BA1BBB1F112FCFB79" bold="true" box="[151,407,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">Protopolybia diligens</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="F51DCFFCFF993E2BA08AB1EE1154FB7A" author="Smith" box="[422,575,1232,1258]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" refString="Smith, F. (1857) Catalogue of Hymenopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Vol. 5. Vespidae. British Museum, London, 147 pp." type="book" year="1857">Smith, 1857</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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, stat. resurr.
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9133B20DFF993E2BA1BBB1CC12A4FA9B" blockId="6.[151,741,1231,1291]" box="[151,463,1266,1291]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">(Figs 36, 38, 40, 70, 77, 84)</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="D996E186FF993E2BA1BBB00410D8FAFF" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="9133B20DFF993E2BA1BBB00410D8FAFF" blockId="6.[151,1329,1338,1391]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="B19C9523FF993E2BA1BBB00410D8FAFF" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">
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<taxonomicName id="568CC98EFF993E2BA1BBB0041299FAC0" authority="Smith, 1857: 132" authorityName="Smith" authorityPageNumber="132" authorityYear="1857" box="[151,498,1338,1360]" class="Insecta" family="Eumenidae" genus="Polybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diligens">
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<emphasis id="A3F86E1FFF993E2BA1BBB0041257FAC0" box="[151,316,1338,1360]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">Polybia diligens</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="102D941CFF993E2BA06EB0041299FAC0" author="Smith" box="[322,498,1338,1360]" page="132" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" year="1857">
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<bibRefCitation id="F51DCFFCFF993E2BA06EB00412AAFAC0" author="Smith" box="[322,449,1338,1360]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" refString="Smith, F. (1857) Catalogue of Hymenopterous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Vol. 5. Vespidae. British Museum, London, 147 pp." type="book" year="1857">Smith, 1857</bibRefCitation>
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: 132
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(
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<typeStatus id="4E370CAFFF993E2BA0D3B0041136FAC0" box="[511,605,1338,1360]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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: ♀,
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<collectingCountry id="E99BF29DFF993E2BA3AAB00411ADFAC0" box="[646,710,1338,1360]" name="Brazil" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">Brazil</collectingCountry>
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, Santarém (without date and collector) (BMNH); examined).
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<taxonomicName id="568CC98EFF993E2BA1BBB06711EEFAFF" ID-CoL="4N6P3" authority="Richards 1978: 138" authorityName="Richards" authorityPageNumber="138" authorityYear="1978" box="[151,645,1369,1391]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Protopolybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="exigua" subSpecies="exigua">
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<emphasis id="A3F86E1FFF993E2BA1BBB06712DBFAFF" box="[151,432,1369,1391]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">Protopolybia exigua exigua</emphasis>
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:
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<treatmentCitation id="102D941CFF993E2BA090B06711EEFAFF" author="Richards" box="[444,645,1369,1391]" page="138" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" year="1978">
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<bibRefCitation id="F51DCFFCFF993E2BA090B0671138FAFF" author="Richards" box="[444,595,1369,1391]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" refString="Richards, O. W. (1978) The social wasps of the Americas excluding the Vespinae. British Museum (Natural History), London, 580 pp." type="book" year="1978">Richards 1978</bibRefCitation>
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: 138
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, 142 (part.; misidentification)
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="D996E186FF993E2BA1BBB0A210E3FA6C" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="9133B20DFF993E2BA1BBB0A210E3FA6C" blockId="6.[151,1437,1436,2037]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">
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<emphasis id="A3F86E1FFF993E2BA1BBB0A21261FA25" bold="true" box="[151,266,1436,1461]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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. Length of fore wing
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<quantity id="56741FE8FF993E2BA329B0A21134FA24" box="[517,607,1436,1460]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" unit="mm" value="4.3">4.3 mm</quantity>
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; clypeus narrow with ventral margin narrowly subtruncated (Fig. 36); T1 with petiole narrow, elongated (Fig. 40). Body brown to black, with yellow marks; vertex black, rarely with two yellow spots; T2 with anterior yellow band; T4–T6 black (Fig. 38).
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="D996E186FF993E2AA1EBB33912A8FDAD" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="158" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" type="description">
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<paragraph id="9133B20DFF993E2BA1EBB33917DCF88C" blockId="6.[151,1437,1436,2037]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">
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<emphasis id="A3F86E1FFF993E2BA1EBB3391206F9B0" bold="true" box="[199,365,1543,1568]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">Redescription</emphasis>
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. FEMALE. Length of fore wing
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||
<quantity id="56741FE8FF993E2BA23FB336101FF98F" box="[787,884,1544,1568]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" unit="mm" value="4.3">4.3 mm</quantity>
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; clypeus narrow (HClp=1.13; MxWClp=1.13; TeW=0.87; MiWClp
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<emphasis id="A3F86E1FFF993E2BA0ABB31212FCF9D5" bold="true" box="[391,407,1580,1605]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">=</emphasis>
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<quantity id="56741FE8FF993E2BA0BBB312116DF9D4" box="[407,518,1580,1604]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.699999999999999" pageId="6" pageNumber="157" unit="mm" value="0.47">0.47 mm</quantity>
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), ventral margin narrowly subtruncated (Fig. 36); interantennal area narrow, approximately equal to diameter of antennal socket; mandibles short, with length about 0.57 × distance between eyes at vertex; antennal scape slightly curved; occipital carina distinct, extending for more than three forth of height of gena; pronotal carina obtuse; pronotal fovea distinct, preceded by short linear prominence; mesoscutum as long as wide; mesepisternal groove absent; scrobal groove abbreviated; scutellum with mark median line; metanotum as long as wide, metanotal lobe with apex rounded; propodeum gently convex around narrow median groove; T1 with petiole narrower, and more elongated (Fig. 40); T1 notably narrower than T2.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9133B20DFF993E2BA1EBB21616FDF818" blockId="6.[151,1437,1436,2037]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">Frons and mesoscutum finely reticulated; anterior margin of scutellum and metanotum with fine punctures; mesopleuron reticulated with fine punctures; posterior margin of T2 and T3 finely punctate; body with short bristles; ventral margin of clypeus with elongated bristles; eyes glabrous; propodeum with long and sparse bristles.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9133B20DFF993E2BA1EBB2AA16F6F865" blockId="6.[151,1437,1436,2037]" pageId="6" pageNumber="157">Dark-brown to black, richly marked by yellow spots; antennae ventrally brown, dorsal region brown to black; mandibles brown to testaceous; clypeus with yellow V-shaped mark, mark on inner and outer orbit not extending to vertex and occiput, interantennal area with V- shaped mark, vertex black or rarely with two small yellow spots (Fig.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9133B20DFF983E2AA1BBB5A6167EFE8D" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1400]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">
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38), pronotum with spots on pronotal carina and fovea, two stripes on mesoscutum, tegulae partially, meso and metapleuron with two large yellow marks, scutellum and metanotum partially, propodeum with paired dorsal marks, distal band on T1, basal band and distal band on T2, distal band on T3, yellow; T4–T6 black (
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<figureCitation id="09B7AE88FF983E2AA415B5E116E4FF68" box="[1337,1423,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 1 – 16" captionStartId="2.[151,264,1839,1862]" captionTargetBox="[340,1247,553,1815]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[340,1248,553,1818]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURES 1 – 16. Measurements taken on body structures (explanation of the abbreviation see in the text). 1. Protopolybia emortualis; 2 – 4. P. amarella; 5, 6. P. exigua; 7. P emortualis; 8. P. chartergoides; 9. P. clypeata sp. nov.; 10. P. nitida; 11. P. emortualis; 12. P. holoxantha; 13. P. duckeianus; 14. P. chartergoides. 15. P. diligens; 16. P. fuscatus. 7 – 9. Clypeus, frontal view; 10 – 14. Head, lateral view. 15 and 16. Head, dorsal view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/237837/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
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). Coxae partially yellow; femora and tibiae black to brown; tarsi brown; wings hyaline, venation brown.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="9133B20DFF983E2AA1EBB41612A8FDAD" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1400]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">
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MALE. Length of fore wing
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<quantity id="56741FE8FF983E2AA338B4161105FEAF" box="[532,622,296,320]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.1" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" unit="mm" value="4.1">4.1 mm</quantity>
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; eyes wide, strongly produced inwards; clypeus narrow, with elongated silvery bristles; ventral margin narrowly subtruncated and little produced; tentorial pit closer to eye margin than to antennal socket; gena distinctly narrow; mandibles yellow; clypeus totally or partially yellow; vertex black; thorax, in ventral view, with yellow mark; T2 with anterior yellow band. Parameral spine without elongate bristles; basal and apical angles of paramere widened (
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||
<figureCitation id="09B7AE88FF983E2AA34AB48911D6FE40" box="[614,701,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURES 69 – 82. 69, 76" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1501,1524]" captionTargetBox="[362,1226,203,1469]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[349,1238,195,1480]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 69 – 82. 69, 76. Protopolybia exigua; 70, 77. P. diligens; 71, 78. P. collombiana sp. nov.; 72, 79. P. clypeata sp. nov.; 73, 80. P. similis sp. nov.; 74, 81. P. holoxantha; 75, 82. P. scutellaris. 69 – 75. Parameres of male genitalia (Apa, apical angle). 76 – 82. Volsella of male genitalia in lateral view (digitus highlighted in gray). Scale 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/237842/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">Fig. 70</figureCitation>
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); digitus narrow with apical margin rounded and with elongated bristles; basal process acuminate (
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<figureCitation id="09B7AE88FF983E2AA306B4E211EFFE64" box="[554,644,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURES 69 – 82. 69, 76" captionStartId="19.[151,264,1501,1524]" captionTargetBox="[362,1226,203,1469]" captionTargetId="figure@19.[349,1238,195,1480]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURES 69 – 82. 69, 76. Protopolybia exigua; 70, 77. P. diligens; 71, 78. P. collombiana sp. nov.; 72, 79. P. clypeata sp. nov.; 73, 80. P. similis sp. nov.; 74, 81. P. holoxantha; 75, 82. P. scutellaris. 69 – 75. Parameres of male genitalia (Apa, apical angle). 76 – 82. Volsella of male genitalia in lateral view (digitus highlighted in gray). Scale 0.2 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/237842/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">Fig. 77</figureCitation>
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); cuspis with many elongated bristles; ventral process of aedeagus rounded, not laterally projecting (
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<figureCitation id="09B7AE88FF983E2AA322B4C11109FD88" box="[526,610,511,536]" captionStart="FIGURES 83 – 93. 83" captionStartId="20.[151,264,1641,1664]" captionTargetBox="[367,1222,200,1590]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[340,1248,193,1621]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURES 83 – 93. 83. Protopolybia exigua; 84. P. diligens; 85. P. collombiana sp. nov.; 86. P. clypeata sp. nov.; 87. P. similis sp. nov.; 88. P. holoxantha; 89 P. scutellaris; 90. P. bituberculata; 91. P. sedula; 92. P. bella; 93. P. nitida. Aedeagus in lateral and dorsal views. Scale 0, 2 mm. Par, preapical region." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/237843/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">Fig. 84</figureCitation>
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), strongly sclerotized and laterally serrated; pre-apical region of aedeagus not angular in lateral view.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="D996E186FF983E2AA1EBB77911A8FB54" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="9133B20DFF983E2AA1EBB77911A8FB54" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1400]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">
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||
<emphasis id="A3F86E1FFF983E2AA1EBB77912C0FDF0" bold="true" box="[199,427,583,608]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">Material examined</emphasis>
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||
.
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<collectingCountry id="E99BF29DFF983E2AA097B776113EFDF0" box="[443,597,584,608]" name="Colombia" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">COLOMBIA</collectingCountry>
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: Amazonas, 1♀, Letícia,
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<geoCoordinate id="F4B8D4CAFF983E2AA25AB77910ABFDF0" box="[886,960,583,608]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" precision="925" value="-4.2">4°12’S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="F4B8D4CAFF983E2AA2ECB7791740FDF0" box="[960,1067,583,608]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" precision="925" value="-69.933334">69°56’W</geoCoordinate>
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,
|
||
<quantity id="56741FE8FF983E2AA515B7761711FDF0" box="[1081,1146,584,608]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" unit="m" value="110.0">110m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="E53294CDFF983E2AA5ABB7791796FDF0" box="[1159,1277,583,608]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" value="1997-04-14">14.iv.1997</date>
|
||
(Carpenter & Davidson) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="F79D2AC8FF983E2AA037B7521215FD14" box="[283,382,620,644]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">MZUSP</collectionCode>
|
||
), 14 ♀, (
|
||
<collectionCode id="F79D2AC8FF983E2AA0CEB7521155FD14" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[482,574,620,644]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">AMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E99BF29DFF983E2AA37EB75311F5FD14" box="[594,670,621,644]" name="Peru" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">PERU</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Loreto, 36 ♀,
|
||
<specimenCount id="878A7984FF983E2AA267B75210EDFD14" box="[843,902,620,644]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" type="generic">17 ♂</specimenCount>
|
||
, Rio Sucusari, Napo,
|
||
<date id="E53294CDFF983E2AA553B7521795FD15" box="[1151,1278,620,645]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" value="1990-12-26">26.xii.1990</date>
|
||
(Carpenter & Wenzel) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="F79D2AC8FF983E2AA02AB7AE1209FD38" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[262,354,656,680]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">AMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E99BF29DFF983E2AA054B7AE1289FD38" box="[376,482,656,680]" name="Brazil" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
|
||
: Amazonas, 2 ♀, Rio Juruá,
|
||
<date id="E53294CDFF983E2AA219B7B110C4FD38" box="[821,943,655,680]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" value="1902-08-04">4.viii.1902</date>
|
||
(E. Garbe) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="F79D2AC8FF983E2AA568B7AE17CCFD38" box="[1092,1191,656,680]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/6yx0-3nm7" name="Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de Sao Paulo" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">MZUSP</collectionCode>
|
||
), 36 ♀, Porto Velhas [Porto Velho], Rio Madeira,
|
||
<date id="E53294CDFF983E2AA0CDB78A1132FD5C" box="[481,601,692,716]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" value="1922-05-08">08.v. 1922</date>
|
||
(J.H. Williamson) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="F79D2AC8FF983E2AA212B78A10F2FD5C" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" box="[830,921,692,716]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34925" name="American Museum of Natural History" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">AMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
), 4 ♀, Manaos [=Manaus] (Parko), 1 ♀, Rio Juruá, (E. Garbe) (UFRJ-MN), 1 ♀, Parna do Jaú,
|
||
<date id="E53294CDFF983E2AA228B7E910AAFD60" box="[772,961,727,752]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" value="2003-03-19" valueMax="2003-04-05" valueMin="2003-03-19">19.iii–5.iv. 2003</date>
|
||
(M.L. Oliveira & J.A.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E99BF29DFF983E2AA5CFB7E91645FD60" box="[1251,1326,727,752]" name="Saint Helena, Ascension and Tristan da Cunha" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">Cunha</collectingCountry>
|
||
) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="F79D2AC8FF983E2AA466B7E616FBFD60" box="[1354,1424,728,752]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rm88-499z" name="Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazonia" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">INPA</collectionCode>
|
||
); Maranhão, 4 ♀, Imperatriz, Ribeirãozinho,
|
||
<date id="E53294CDFF983E2AA3A1B7C2105BFC85" box="[653,816,764,789]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" value="1989-08-05" valueMax="1989-08-10" valueMin="1989-08-05">5–10.viii.1989</date>
|
||
(F.F. Ramos), 1 ♀, Peritoró,
|
||
<date id="E53294CDFF983E2AA5ABB7C21794FC85" box="[1159,1279,764,789]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" value="1978-06-09">09.vi.1978</date>
|
||
(F.F. Ramos) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="F79D2AC8FF983E2AA1B2B61E1399FCA8" box="[158,242,800,824]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/90vz-swjg" name="Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">MPEG</collectionCode>
|
||
), 3 ♀, Santo Amaro, Urbano Santos,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="F4B8D4CAFF983E2AA396B6211079FCA8" box="[698,786,799,824]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" precision="925" value="-3.2333333">03°14’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="F4B8D4CAFF983E2AA23EB6211017FCA8" box="[786,892,799,824]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" precision="925" value="-43.416668">43°25’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="E53294CDFF983E2AA2A2B6211768FCA8" box="[910,1027,799,824]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" value="2004-04-17">17.iv.2004</date>
|
||
(Azevedo, G.G. & Amorim, L.R.) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="F79D2AC8FF983E2AA1B3B67A139CFCCC" box="[159,247,836,860]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">UFMA</collectionCode>
|
||
); Pará, 1 ♀, São Felix do Xingu, Garimpo da Liberdade,
|
||
<date id="E53294CDFF983E2AA28DB67A1728FCCD" box="[929,1091,836,861]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" value="1991-11-15" valueMax="1991-11-19" valueMin="1991-11-15">15–19.xi.1991</date>
|
||
(B. Mascarenhas), 1 ♀, S. J. Pirabas, Boa Esperança,
|
||
<date id="E53294CDFF983E2AA081B659112CFC10" box="[429,583,871,896]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" value="1989-10-26" valueMax="1989-10-30" valueMin="1989-10-26">26–30.x.1989</date>
|
||
(W.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E99BF29DFF983E2AA352B65611A4FC10" box="[638,719,872,896]" name="France" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">França</collectingCountry>
|
||
), 1 ♀, Ourém, Patauateua, Fazenda Gavião Real
|
||
<date id="E53294CDFF983E2AA5D9B65916F7FC10" box="[1269,1436,871,896]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" value="1992-04-30" valueMax="1992-05-03" valueMin="1992-04-30">30.iv–3.v.1992</date>
|
||
(B. Mascarenhas e equipe), Acará, 8 ♀,
|
||
<date id="E53294CDFF983E2AA37BB6B211A8FC35" box="[599,707,908,933]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" value="1978-01-25">25.i.1978</date>
|
||
, 11 ♀,
|
||
<date id="E53294CDFF983E2AA23FB6B21017FC35" box="[787,892,908,933]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" value="1978-01-24">24.i.1978</date>
|
||
(W.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E99BF29DFF983E2AA29EB6B21768FC34" box="[946,1027,908,932]" name="France" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">França</collectingCountry>
|
||
), Belém, Paricamiri, 9 ♀,
|
||
<date id="E53294CDFF983E2AA40AB6B216F7FC35" box="[1318,1436,908,933]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" value="1979-04-10">10.iv.1979</date>
|
||
(W.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E99BF29DFF983E2AA1E0B68E1276FC58" box="[204,285,944,968]" name="France" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">França</collectingCountry>
|
||
), 6 ♀, (R.B. Neto), 2 ♀, Belém,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E99BF29DFF983E2AA39FB68E106CFC58" box="[691,775,944,968]" name="Guam" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">Guamá</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="E53294CDFF983E2AA23BB69110E2FC58" box="[791,905,943,968]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" value="1973-02-28">28.ii.1973</date>
|
||
(P. Ledoux), 3 ♀, Santarém, Faz Taperinha,
|
||
<date id="E53294CDFF983E2AA1BBB6EA127DFC7D" box="[151,278,980,1005]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" value="1977-07-25">25.vii.1977</date>
|
||
(R.L. Jeanne), Paragominas, Faz. Cachoeira do Rio Vermelho, 1 ♀,
|
||
<date id="E53294CDFF983E2AA51FB6EA17ACFC7D" box="[1075,1223,980,1005]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" value="1991-01-15" valueMax="1991-01-18" valueMin="1991-01-15">15–18.i.1991</date>
|
||
(P. Tadeu), 1♀ (J. Dias), 1 ♀, P. Pedras, Marajó,
|
||
<date id="E53294CDFF983E2AA0C1B6C9110DFB80" box="[493,614,1015,1040]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" value="1978-03-12">12.iii.1978</date>
|
||
(M.F. Torres), 1 ♀, Benevides, Paricatuba,
|
||
<date id="E53294CDFF983E2AA57DB6C917BAFB80" box="[1105,1233,1015,1040]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" value="1978-12-09">09.xii.1978</date>
|
||
(W.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E99BF29DFF983E2AA42BB6C61633FB80" box="[1287,1368,1016,1040]" name="France" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">França</collectingCountry>
|
||
), 5 ♀, Bujaru,
|
||
<date id="E53294CDFF983E2AA1DFB1221200FBA5" box="[243,363,1052,1077]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" value="1977-06-28">28.vi.1977</date>
|
||
(P. Waldir & L. Braack), 1 ♀, Serra Norte, Fofoca,
|
||
<date id="E53294CDFF983E2AA2ECB122173FFBA5" box="[960,1108,1052,1077]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" value="1985-09-07" valueMax="1985-09-10" valueMin="1985-09-07">7–10.ix.1985</date>
|
||
(J. Dias), 12 ♀, Abaetetuba,
|
||
<date id="E53294CDFF983E2AA1BBB1011275FBC8" box="[151,286,1087,1112]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" value="1977-08-08">08.viii.1977</date>
|
||
(P. Waldir), 2 ♀, Itaituba, Ig. Patoá,
|
||
<date id="E53294CDFF983E2AA3FDB1011022FBC8" box="[721,841,1087,1112]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" value="1989-11-29">29.xi.1989</date>
|
||
(M. Fernandes), 2 ♀, Altamira, Itapuama,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="F4B8D4CAFF983E2AA46CB10116F7FBC8" box="[1344,1436,1087,1112]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" precision="925" value="-52.333332">52°20’S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="F4B8D4CAFF983E2AA1BBB15A139BFBED" box="[151,240,1124,1149]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" precision="925" value="-3.6">3°36’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<date id="E53294CDFF983E2AA1D1B15A121FFBED" box="[253,372,1124,1149]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" value="2007-11-09">09.xi.2007</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E99BF29DFF983E2AA0A6B15A12CBFBEC" box="[394,416,1124,1148]" name="Iceland" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
.T. Silveira & equipe), 1 ♀, Belterra,
|
||
<date id="E53294CDFF983E2AA246B15A10ADFBED" box="[874,966,1124,1149]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" value="2000-01-06">6.i.2000</date>
|
||
(G.C. Venturieri), 1 ♀, Belém, Utinga,
|
||
<date id="E53294CDFF983E2AA1BBB1B91266FB30" box="[151,269,1159,1184]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" value="1999-04-16">16.iv.1999</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E99BF29DFF983E2AA031B1B61258FB30" box="[285,307,1160,1184]" name="Iceland" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
.T. Silveira), 2 ♀, Bragança,
|
||
<date id="E53294CDFF983E2AA35FB1B9118AFB30" box="[627,737,1159,1184]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" value="1978-05-26">26.v.1978</date>
|
||
(M.F. Torres), 2 ♀, Monte Alegre,
|
||
<date id="E53294CDFF983E2AA541B1B917BCFB30" box="[1133,1239,1159,1184]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" value="1992-01-23">23.i.1992</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E99BF29DFF983E2AA5CBB1B61796FB30" box="[1255,1277,1160,1184]" name="Iceland" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">O</collectingCountry>
|
||
.T. Silveira), 1 ♀, Mosqueiro,
|
||
<date id="E53294CDFF983E2AA06DB19212A2FB55" box="[321,457,1196,1221]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" value="1978-08-15">15.viii.1978</date>
|
||
(W.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E99BF29DFF983E2AA0D3B1921126FB54" box="[511,589,1196,1220]" name="France" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">França</collectingCountry>
|
||
) (
|
||
<collectionCode id="F79D2AC8FF983E2AA34FB19211DCFB54" box="[611,695,1196,1220]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/90vz-swjg" name="Museu Paraense Emilio Goeldi" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">MPEG</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D996E186FF983E2AA1EBB1F1107CFB78" box="[199,791,1231,1256]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="9133B20DFF983E2AA1EBB1F1107CFB78" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1400]" box="[199,791,1231,1256]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3F86E1FFF983E2AA1EBB1F11232FB78" bold="true" box="[199,345,1231,1256]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E99BF29DFF983E2AA04BB1F112B3FB78" box="[359,472,1231,1256]" name="Colombia" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E99BF29DFF983E2AA0C8B1EF1171FB78" box="[484,538,1233,1256]" name="Peru" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="E99BF29DFF983E2AA309B1F11105FB78" box="[549,622,1231,1256]" name="Brazil" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
: AM, MA, PA.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="D996E186FF983E2AA1EBB1CA11FFFAE8" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="9133B20DFF983E2AA1EBB1CA11FFFAE8" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,1400]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3F86E1FFF983E2AA1EBB1CA125FFA9D" bold="true" box="[199,308,1268,1293]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
. Due to the similar morphology and coloration pattern,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F51DCFFCFF983E2AA2EEB1CA170BFA9C" author="Ducke" box="[962,1120,1268,1293]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" refString="Ducke, A. (1910) Revision des guepes sociales polygames d'Amerique. Annales Historico Naturales Musei Nationalis Hungarici, 8, 449 - 544." type="journal article" year="1910">Ducke (1910)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F51DCFFCFF983E2AA5B1B1CA163EFA9C" author="Richards" box="[1181,1365,1268,1293]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" refString="Richards, O. W. (1978) The social wasps of the Americas excluding the Vespinae. British Museum (Natural History), London, 580 pp." type="book" year="1978">Richards (1978)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
listed
|
||
<taxonomicName id="568CC98EFF983E2AA1BBB02912E0FAA0" box="[151,395,1303,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Protopolybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diligens">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3F86E1FFF983E2AA1BBB02912E0FAA0" box="[151,395,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">Protopolybia diligens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as synonym of
|
||
<emphasis id="A3F86E1FFF983E2AA36DB02711CEFAA0" box="[577,677,1305,1328]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">P. ex i gu a</emphasis>
|
||
, a decision that was subsequently questioned by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="F51DCFFCFF983E2AA5F4B02716F7FAA0" author="Bequaert" box="[1240,1436,1304,1328]" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" refString="Bequaert, J. (1944 a) A revision of Protopolybia Ducke, a genus of neotropical social wasps (Hymenoptera, Vespidae). Revista de Entomologia, 15, 97 - 134." type="journal article" year="1944" yearSuffix="a">Bequaert (1944a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
based on color pattern. Besides color,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="568CC98EFF983E2AA36FB00311D3FAC5" box="[579,696,1340,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Protopolybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diligens">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3F86E1FFF983E2AA36FB00311D3FAC5" box="[579,696,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">P. diligens</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
should be considered a distinct species by having T1 with petiole distinctly longer and narrower than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="568CC98EFF983E2AA30BB05F11E5FAE8" box="[551,654,1377,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Protopolybia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="158" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exigua">
|
||
<emphasis id="A3F86E1FFF983E2AA30BB05F11E5FAE8" box="[551,654,1377,1400]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="158">P. exigua</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |