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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="28281" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.114.28799" ID-GBIF-Dataset="175ade4f-e320-4f41-ab85-7811f4147be4" ID-PMC="PMC6323114" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-114-123" ID-Pensoft-UUID="CB70FFE82A46DE6DFFEBFFF8F43A6230" ID-PubMed="30627045" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2533527" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2018" ModsDocID="1314-2003-114-123" ModsDocOrigin="PhytoKeys " ModsDocTitle="Revision of Muhlenbergia (Poaceae, Chloridoideae, Cynodonteae, Muhlenbergiinae) in Peru: classification, phylogeny, and a new species, M.romaschenkoi" checkinTime="1553125316505" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Peterson, Paul M., Vega, Isidoro Sanchez, Romaschenko, Konstantin, Giraldo-Canas, Diego &amp; Rodriguez, Nancy F. Refulio" docDate="2018" docId="DED5B6AE0616358D0EAD350CBA904A06" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 114: 123-206" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 114" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.114.28799" docTitle="Muhlenbergia coerulea Mez, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17: 213. 1921" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" id="CB70FFE82A46DE6DFFEBFFF8F43A6230" lastPageNumber="145" masterDocId="CB70FFE82A46DE6DFFEBFFF8F43A6230" masterDocTitle="Revision of Muhlenbergia (Poaceae, Chloridoideae, Cynodonteae, Muhlenbergiinae) in Peru: classification, phylogeny, and a new species, M. romaschenkoi" masterLastPageNumber="206" masterPageNumber="123" pageNumber="143" updateTime="1732930826153" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="120C349032574E52C48C22BC29F58588">Revision of Muhlenbergia (Poaceae, Chloridoideae, Cynodonteae, Muhlenbergiinae) in Peru: classification, phylogeny, and a new species, M. romaschenkoi</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="3FC6F036E108D45371C80C3043F6FEC3" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="5657D13A06C90E8F4724B21D1C1F1FB9">Peterson, Paul M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D683073E5305EA5DA8E81553715AF201">Vega, Isidoro Sanchez</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="0E3B2CA165BA38C7649496D059E1D24B" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="F4914FE5B48434A512DAFC093E26B653">Romaschenko, Konstantin</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="E56B7FFB474A0DCFB0C4310DB6A37C09" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="76A4D1936FBDF6E5A3623B92C660B469">Giraldo-Canas, Diego</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="A8006D0E6144F54055FB2E4D25FAB4F9">Rodriguez, Nancy F. Refulio</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="143883E260BB6808B87236CEF1811408">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="C71D93C083DA239007DB6C07DEB975E2">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="48EF2F69FEF17F96AAECAF0DD4DBD52C">
<mods:date id="E31A5C6E78D987D13DE0EAC3EB848C9A">2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="474270604BB75D7A95099695BFE1B253" type="volume">
<mods:number id="40A966F88B930B79199C5B5BCAEA1F62">114</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="EB6D99A7BC549ABC6352181F0592C6EC">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.114.28799</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="07446BDFF456280C25EFFB1CF08B5EE9">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="EDDD429B532FD29F9C2D324C641588AA" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.114.28799</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="DED5B6AE0616358D0EAD350CBA904A06" ID-GBIF-Taxon="154472448" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DED5B6AE0616358D0EAD350CBA904A06" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DED5B6AE0616358D0EAD350CBA904A06" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="145" pageId="20" pageNumber="143" scope_family="Poaceae">
<subSubSection id="BF9A65D95AE18FE13341B7059E553B0F" pageId="20" pageNumber="143" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="44E13A6C602C5E9032996B331FA149FF" pageId="20" pageNumber="143">
6.
<taxonomicName id="9AB3C7B7AB6D45A708EDE731C04B0F7E" ID-CoL="44JFK" LSID="706D9A7F-F4FC-5380-B7AB-357F17113784" authority="(Griseb.) Mez, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17: 213. 1921." class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Muhlenbergia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Muhlenbergia coerulea" order="Poales" pageId="20" pageNumber="143" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="coerulea">Muhlenbergia coerulea (Griseb.) Mez, Repert. Spec. Nov. Regni Veg. 17:213. 1921.</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation id="718D1416DDFD376503770C10ACD5B654" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 5. A-D Muhlenbergia coerulea (Griseb.) Mez A habit B culm and panicle C ligule D spikelet E-K Muhlenbergia coerulea (Griseb.) Mez x Muhlenbergia rigida (Kunth) Kunth E culm and panicle F spikelet G floret H glumes I lemma J paleas, dorsal and ventral view K lodicules, stamens, and pistil. A-D drawn from P. M. Peterson, R. J. Soreng &amp; J. Montoya Quino 21957 (US) E-K drawn from P. M. Peterson &amp; N. Refulio Rodriguez 14860 (US)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.114.28799.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/254046" pageId="20" pageNumber="143">Figs 5A-D</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="33B963D9672A1AE6B1423345122D74B3" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 6. A-C Muhlenbergia coerulea (Griseb.) Mez A habit B panicle C spikelet D-F Muhlenbergia rigida (Kunth) Kunth D habit E panicle F spikelet. Drawings from Giraldo-Canas and Peterson (2009), Peterson and Giraldo-Canas (2011). A-C drawn from S. G. Beck 7700 (LPB) D drawn from P. M. Peterson 9659 (US) E, F drawn from P. M. Peterson, C. R. Annable &amp; J. Valdes-Reyna 10876 (US)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.114.28799.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/254047" pageId="20" pageNumber="143">, 6A-C</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="CCD36664685AF7437A8A28218E8079C5" pageId="21" pageNumber="144" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="9527D108EE0C5376D3B0B8AB97C7F0E4" pageId="21" pageNumber="144">
<taxonomicName id="8D33F52A0CD70D5738B89F5DDB91F0C9" authorityName="Griseb" authorityYear="1874" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Epicampes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Epicampes coerulea" order="Poales" pageId="21" pageNumber="144" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="coerulea">
<pageBreakToken id="1BF7BE145B97752C0D05669484A34038" pageId="21" pageNumber="144" start="start">Epicampes</pageBreakToken>
coerulea
</taxonomicName>
Griseb., Abh.
<normalizedToken id="F39FE3713FEABB5DA7546D8A8558A28F" originalValue="Königl">Koenigl</normalizedToken>
. Ges. Wiss.
<normalizedToken id="69135E3907FA05DA05E22980F92F2189" originalValue="Göttingen">Goettingen</normalizedToken>
19:256. 1874. Type: Sierra de
<normalizedToken id="C15EB3273DCB3674ECE023298509E48A" originalValue="Tucumán">Tucuman</normalizedToken>
, Den grossen isolierten Buescheln an der Cuesta de Juntas, 23 Mar 1872,
<emphasis id="CF3FFCD4EF41F1002D2CEC836DA76F9C" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="144">P.G. Lorentz 86</emphasis>
(lectotype, designated here: GOET-006633 [image!]; isolectotypes: CORD-00004624!, CORD-00004625!, US-865981!).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2545107BFC07B248A1A0332A4F1CE326" pageId="21" pageNumber="144">
<taxonomicName id="55229DF8705F0C575F9CBE3ABD05FA6B" authorityName="Kunth" authorityYear="1816" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Crypsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Crypsis phleoides" order="Poales" pageId="21" pageNumber="144" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="phleoides">Crypsis phleoides</taxonomicName>
Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. (quarto ed.) 1:140. 1816, non
<taxonomicName id="FBEC87FE824E513F61655AE4C2ADFAED" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Muhlenbergia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Muhlenbergia phleoides" order="Poales" pageId="21" pageNumber="144" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="phleoides">Muhlenbergia phleoides</taxonomicName>
(Kunth) Columbus.
<taxonomicName id="9D305E80882EC10389243EBD05D643A3" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Cinna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cinna phleoides" order="Poales" pageId="21" pageNumber="144" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="phleoides">Cinna phleoides</taxonomicName>
(Kunth) Kunth,
<normalizedToken id="52CB85D20730449BB068AA7731E938F1" originalValue="Révis">Revis</normalizedToken>
. Gramin. 1:67. 1829.
<taxonomicName id="A5736C133DAABC857FC3707282537517" authorityName="Griseb" authorityYear="1874" baseAuthorityName="Kunth" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Epicampes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Epicampes phleoides" order="Poales" pageId="21" pageNumber="144" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="phleoides">Epicampes phleoides</taxonomicName>
(Kunth) Griseb., Abh.
<normalizedToken id="A9DD66FE8D721382BD24419D9339FFBA" originalValue="Königl">Koenigl</normalizedToken>
. Ges. Wiss.
<normalizedToken id="BA14856C038F953E2EDDF1C9856E9815" originalValue="Göttingen">Goettingen</normalizedToken>
19: 256. 1874. Type: Venezuela, Sucre, Sep,
<emphasis id="48882C0EB356242FF10C4FCF30FF8127" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="144">F.W.H.A. von Humboldt &amp; A.J.A. Bonpland s.n.</emphasis>
(holotype: P!; isotype: US-A865652 fragm. ex P!).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="14B0FF85143ABF6699D71E19541C4D4A" pageId="21" pageNumber="144">
<taxonomicName id="E09913054D12BFC20CBF817EDCBDC9F6" authorityName="Kunth" authorityYear="1816" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Crypsis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Crypsis stricta" order="Poales" pageId="21" pageNumber="144" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stricta">Crypsis stricta</taxonomicName>
Kunth, Nov. Gen. Sp. (quarto ed.) 1:140. 1816, non
<taxonomicName id="319F1586AB961034A064822478DDE957" authorityName="Kunth" authorityYear="1833" baseAuthorityName="J. Presl" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Muhlenbergia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Muhlenbergia stricta" order="Poales" pageId="21" pageNumber="144" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stricta">Muhlenbergia stricta</taxonomicName>
(J. Presl) Kunth.
<taxonomicName id="184472BEFDAA0C01FC9B864DCF751322" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Cinna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Cinna stricta" order="Poales" pageId="21" pageNumber="144" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stricta">Cinna stricta</taxonomicName>
(Kunth) Kunth,
<normalizedToken id="098787AA0090321B685D73492F4DE0B5" originalValue="Révis">Revis</normalizedToken>
. Gramin. 1:67. 1829.
<taxonomicName id="F5C03FE8529ED023396BD8F9ED24BAC1" authorityName="E. Fourn" authorityYear="1886" baseAuthorityName="Kunth" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Crypsinna" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Crypsinna stricta" order="Poales" pageId="21" pageNumber="144" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stricta">Crypsinna stricta</taxonomicName>
(Kunth) E. Fourn., Mexic. Pl. 2:90. 1886. Type: Peru, Prov. de los Pastos, Dec,
<emphasis id="D73D0D7CCB22C80F57CF35D1D32B4782" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="144">F.W.H.A. von Humboldt &amp; A.J.A. Bonpland s.n.</emphasis>
(holotype: B-W; isotype: US-A865653 fragm. ex B-W!).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="61F28A3D2869046CFA9DAD09A08886FA" pageId="21" pageNumber="144">
<taxonomicName id="F3699F468A8CD6826F73D7696959F7B6" authorityName="Hack" authorityYear="1906" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Epicampes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" infraspecific-rank="var." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Epicampes coerulea var. submutica" order="Poales" pageId="21" pageNumber="144" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="coerulea" variety="submutica">Epicampes coerulea var. submutica</taxonomicName>
Hack., Anales Mus. Nac. Buenos Aires 13:471. 1906. Type: Argentina,
<normalizedToken id="3450B3D75AF7E91FA9ACEE2412BB64D0" originalValue="Tucumán">Tucuman</normalizedToken>
, Dep.
<normalizedToken id="64CCCA56F234DEC8E190582F3A2A09D0" originalValue="Tafí">Tafi</normalizedToken>
, Cuesta de Malamala, 2500 m, 4 Feb 1904,
<emphasis id="7922B982E49C6E632EA999DDE4E8DB3E" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="144">Stuckert herb. Arg. 14900 ex Lillo 3402</emphasis>
(holotype: W-1916-0026677 [image!]; isotypes: CORD-00001624 [image!], LIL-000053 [image!], US3168604!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="69293B96F7D57E70BB0124C37D58620A" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="145" pageId="21" pageNumber="144" type="description">
<paragraph id="AFD74659F71C62E4FD3EF6EA9D50CE01" pageId="21" pageNumber="144">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE1F366F4DC4F62CC10391F67CCEB387" lastPageId="22" lastPageNumber="145" pageId="21" pageNumber="144">
Densely caespitose
<emphasis id="A835A28123071329A793E539AE927680" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="144">perennials</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="94721C264269FF61568151B2F9C0BB73" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="144">Culms</emphasis>
50-100(-120) cm tall, erect, rigid, hirsute below the basal, terete nodes; usually 1 node per culm;
<emphasis id="DC8A1E15BDCE25F51F2FFD90DA90C9DB" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="144">internodes</emphasis>
mostly glabrous and scabrous.
<emphasis id="0EE25C9AA6A11574D861A1B5B9EAEFFD" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="144">Leaf sheaths</emphasis>
mostly 5-18 cm long, glabrous to scaberulous above, rounded near base, lower sheaths often becoming fibrous with age;
<emphasis id="1127E515FF933DF31EEE0B75FF0AB840" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="144">ligules</emphasis>
8-15 mm long, firm below, strongly decurrent, often lacerate, apex obtuse to acute;
<emphasis id="213114B4257287E3832D6D848963AAD6" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="144">blades</emphasis>
15-35(-45) cm long, 2-5 mm wide, tightly involute, glabrous to scaberulous below mostly scaberulous near above.
<emphasis id="4745569B7E44A272D35030DA7F5CA770" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="144">Panicles</emphasis>
(6-)10-24(-30) cm long, 6-15 mm wide, narrow, spike-like, usually plumbeous;
<emphasis id="2F3EFDF434E026580E2945A30B589892" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="144">primary branches</emphasis>
0.2-2.5 cm long, erect and tightly ascending appressed, floriferous to base;
<emphasis id="CC53015D7FB69D479C5439599CC6294B" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="144">pedicels</emphasis>
0.5-4 mm long, usually shorter than the spikelets, hispid.
<emphasis id="218DB6B4717B994E87E404968717B561" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="144">Spikelets</emphasis>
5-7(-8) mm long, plumbeous, rarely 2-flowered;
<emphasis id="071BEF3D9AE14AFD8CEB984A64E3E338" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="144">glumes</emphasis>
(4-)5-7(-8) mm long, usually as long or longer than the floret, sometimes a little shorter, lanceolate, about equal, 1-nerved, scabrous, apex acuminate, unawned, mu
<pageBreakToken id="978FD4E7CFB65710471BCC62941FF313" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" start="start">cronate</pageBreakToken>
, or short-awned;
<emphasis id="1A8C3FB6615E07F1F6584EE268A26DCC" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">lemmas</emphasis>
(4.6-)5-6.7(-7.1) mm long, lanceolate, plumbeous, scabrous, apex acuminate, unawned, mucronate or short-awned, the awn 1-3(-4) mm long, inserted just below the apex;
<emphasis id="B564C1ED376DF63F827BAC7CFC4BBB2E" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">callus</emphasis>
sparsely short bearded, the hairs 0.1-0.2 mm long;
<emphasis id="0F2A6E19AA2D9F5EC06CE77464BFA19F" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">paleas</emphasis>
(4.6-)5-6.5 mm long, about as long as the lemma, narrowly lanceolate, scaberulous, apex acuminate;
<emphasis id="23730756DBA495A2A77B1EB3495BE548" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">anthers</emphasis>
2-3 mm long, purplish or yellowish.
<emphasis id="741CE09A56C0A16B8FA8F2BB44CD0654" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">Caryopses</emphasis>
2.5-3.5 mm long, fusiform, dark reddish-brown.
</paragraph>
<caption id="BB73C4487D1730ECE61EF0E9ABD8EB8B" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2533675" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.114.28799.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/254047" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" start="Figure 6" startId="F7">
<paragraph id="65C9AB7A0F766D962AAC42C193E4812A" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">
<emphasis id="93DBC1245F0EE90AD95E5B16464DA050" bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">Figure 6.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="40C9417793307B494D2EEABB5CBE5DE4" bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">A-C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5E04249C6E157681BBFE50521036E618" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Muhlenbergia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Muhlenbergia coerulea" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="coerulea">
<emphasis id="F0639FFD20444B5D356FFD7BD1453CAD" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">Muhlenbergia coerulea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Griseb.) Mez
<emphasis id="DC730686C0C00200F07538525FD3F92C" bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">A</emphasis>
habit
<emphasis id="3B1F9906FAF7B42DB3FF1087D7900BEC" bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">B</emphasis>
panicle
<emphasis id="79F155530E607C99207104E3F82BA403" bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">C</emphasis>
spikelet
<emphasis id="6EF9D9B4B7EB1077A77D8038B2E3F98A" bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">D-F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="1DCFBBAE6CA6A8766080289E4CFA4F78" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Muhlenbergia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Muhlenbergia rigida" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rigida">
<emphasis id="2D5308E153782167626FB1ED6ED3041A" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">Muhlenbergia rigida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Kunth) Kunth
<emphasis id="DE9A9C97BC868668A37C85D225CB32E7" bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">D</emphasis>
habit
<emphasis id="04C37557615DC98133BD6859562EC37A" bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">E</emphasis>
panicle
<emphasis id="68920F9CEA2934A2294A053388E532A8" bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">F</emphasis>
spikelet. Drawings from
<bibRefCitation id="0EA458FBE73C8E19DEF66632BE6F59E3" author="Giraldo-Canas, D" journalOrPublisher="Caldasia" pageId="58" pageNumber="181" pagination="269 - 302" refId="B7" refString="Giraldo-Canas, D, Peterson, P, 2009. El genero Muhlenbergia (Poaceae: Chloridoideae: Cynodonteae: Muhlenbergiinae) en Colombia. Caldasia 31: 269 - 302" title="El genero Muhlenbergia (Poaceae: Chloridoideae: Cynodonteae: Muhlenbergiinae) en Colombia." volume="31" year="2009">
<normalizedToken id="9DB4387713424EF53775B589CF8FD2C1" originalValue="Giraldo-Cañas">Giraldo-Canas</normalizedToken>
and Peterson (2009)
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="F9619638F3A0BABF86394D788B616434" author="Peterson, PM" journalOrPublisher="Caldasia" pageId="58" pageNumber="181" pagination="21 - 54" refId="B28" refString="Peterson, PM, Giraldo-Canas, D, 2011. Las especies de Muhlenbergia (Poaceae: Chloridoideae) de Argentina. Caldasia 33: 21 - 54" title="Las especies de Muhlenbergia (Poaceae: Chloridoideae) de Argentina." volume="33" year="2011">
Peterson and
<normalizedToken id="F2FF88156542170D0A9CC098A9F48E66" originalValue="Giraldo-Cañas">Giraldo-Canas</normalizedToken>
(2011)
</bibRefCitation>
.
<emphasis id="16B6FF88C64414E9C24EBA4FD6AF48A4" bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">A-C</emphasis>
drawn from
<emphasis id="3C6418374D9C1EF0117E03085556495C" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">S.G. Beck 7700</emphasis>
(LPB)
<emphasis id="DD273381FDF3008FEF3F68D04B0013C6" bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">D</emphasis>
drawn from
<emphasis id="E58E1696A358126618BB4D2D37E744D1" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">P.M. Peterson 9659</emphasis>
(US)
<emphasis id="7AEC61DC7B77D527446E622D24A5CDC6" bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">E, F</emphasis>
drawn from
<emphasis id="4D8F90663B689DE926BA442DF9CE43AD" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">
P.M. Peterson, C.R. Annable &amp; J.
<normalizedToken id="0EA531268B3E4D5463A3BE739E9F8511" originalValue="Valdés-Reyna">Valdes-Reyna</normalizedToken>
10876
</emphasis>
(US).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E1B170B20953083860895419966875EE" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="3B6622FD4D26963F2EAF727BFD47755F" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7E03D4CAAD799F8513AD8E207F49D65F" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">
<taxonomicName id="65A0FF455E538C0CA2E8F557114D9FA9" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Muhlenbergia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Muhlenbergia coerulea" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="coerulea">
<emphasis id="D74F1B3277C3FD56CF95236BAFF3C675" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">Muhlenbergia coerulea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ranges throughout the Andean Cordillera from Colombia, Venezuela, Ecuador to Argentina, Peru and Bolivia.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="258B760A9DF10002806AD5A0943D6345" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" type="ecology">
<paragraph id="06965D2E9AEFD599F06F689AA795106D" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="445BAD28A91C68BDA03DCF681A38146B" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">
<taxonomicName id="1D319E4C474DA419AF6B99E7AD691489" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Muhlenbergia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Muhlenbergia coerulea" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="coerulea">
<emphasis id="82F336AF2679030DB9577C03CE7836AF" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">Muhlenbergia coerulea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
grows on rocky, often sandy slopes, derived from volcanic origins usually near arroyos associated with of
<taxonomicName id="68F2F4DB97CDED55E148B1D195DF4005" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus" order="Fagales" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2923DE92B86DB8D373F7C9C797F63F0F" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">Alnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="921C42E6EBF4590AACF9F5113C219835" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Anatherostipa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Anatherostipa obtusa" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="obtusa">
<emphasis id="89C79A749175D189AB7F84524EB21E8E" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">Anatherostipa obtusa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Nees &amp; Meyen)
<normalizedToken id="9E2C3244E7EE9A74155E84BEA2C37B21" originalValue="Peñail">Penail</normalizedToken>
.,
<taxonomicName id="79646CA48FC57828FD534EE2E41F73DA" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Aristida" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Aristida" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="8DAAAE28ED50C75670F2D67F734554DA" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">Aristida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="12117A5A69E0F296CF64E979A0FEDCD1" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Calamagrostis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calamagrostis" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1904852E0204F0035E05FF082241DB6F" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">Calamagrostis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="ADE14D9BFEDA3A9CA02B4CFBC49F4810" class="Eudicots" family="Calceolariaceae" genus="Calceolaria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Calceolaria" order="Lamiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1A946263F0F37C6DDC278A7767474F34" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">Calceolaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6241F65256789598BD348C2CD3D8E5F2" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Festuca" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Festuca" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="91CEDB8FEFE7FDCA140020B8BB9C1104" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">Festuca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="73ED689C778172ED80D567E3F96B8667" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Hypericum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Hypericum" order="Guttiferales" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3DC5DECC08CD874F8BE5D82C085AB821" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">Hypericum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="FCC6072E5138F3131948FCB4E4B93738" authorityName="Ruiz &amp; Pav" authorityYear="1798" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Jarava" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Jarava ichu" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="ichu">
<emphasis id="FCB4979E2D1D9F8C2402B3C871B27D00" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">Jarava ichu</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Ruiz &amp; Pav.,
<taxonomicName id="8BEFFE476B01C2C3A1D61C7FD04B541C" class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Fabaceae" genus="Lupinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Lupinus" order="Rosales" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="801CAA854F2FFD968D4AC48FCC97C1A2" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">Lupinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="7A242E6D9EE2289E70762B3D3C8E496F" authorityName="Ruiz &amp; Pavon" authorityYear="1798" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygalaceae" genus="Monnina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Monnina" order="Fabales" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FFE575A4426A01EBB7F04488612EBDC6" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">Monnina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="3494EBD7BCC648F3D619FCB22E8E2B94" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Nassella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Nassella" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F259C4CF49FA7E5C1990C5341FF4B7D7" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">Nassella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="20C8EA624C74AFB4B472BFEC79D72F1A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Proteaceae" genus="Oreocallis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Oreocallis grandiflora" order="Proteales" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="grandiflora">
<emphasis id="F212C9229DD5416E7C4BAAEF11A1AE0C" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">Oreocallis grandiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Lam.) R. Br.,
<taxonomicName id="F3713F0AAF43738B6C8C5993CB6BB14B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Polylepis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Polylepis" order="Rosales" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="974D27E85B6495C9085029F44CF1F05E" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">Polylepis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="B6A94B4D15ADCA67A5B903D3CD7231CD" authorityName="Molina" authorityYear="1782" class="Liliopsida" family="Bromeliaceae" genus="Puya" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Puya" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" phylum="Liliopsida" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="21F9A2FB257328CDE8223BACE58607F8" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">Puya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="49B72B01C3713CFB57F9FC17504B98AF" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Rubus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rubus" order="Rosales" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="72A78545DA8B7088F17D73A9A5BE1D05" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">Rubus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="552809EE579D83212D26D07D6CBFB47B" class="Equisetopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Schizachyrium" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Schizachyrium" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81920DE020BDF88C25538244239F92AD" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">Schizachyrium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and cultivated
<taxonomicName id="F436459BCB805729ED04EE84267D2B80" class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus" order="Pinales" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" phylum="Coniferophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="45A6F603E60A8C4E693068E11E1AD676" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">Pinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 2450-4900 m. Flowering February through August.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="619FD6BAD323CBE32B5B0FB3A1D7C915" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" type="comments">
<paragraph id="580E472CCCCD45F19A6F1658A454B34D" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="197FB78D02C26FA80B0E4349BE7537E5" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">
In recent literature (
<bibRefCitation id="208EE0D48B2A24A1AB84804AEB8BFEA9" author="Giraldo-Canas, D" journalOrPublisher="Caldasia" pageId="58" pageNumber="181" pagination="269 - 302" refId="B7" refString="Giraldo-Canas, D, Peterson, P, 2009. El genero Muhlenbergia (Poaceae: Chloridoideae: Cynodonteae: Muhlenbergiinae) en Colombia. Caldasia 31: 269 - 302" title="El genero Muhlenbergia (Poaceae: Chloridoideae: Cynodonteae: Muhlenbergiinae) en Colombia." volume="31" year="2009">
<normalizedToken id="860E152330A24A3D0A08F6040AD49D3F" originalValue="Giraldo-Cañas">Giraldo-Canas</normalizedToken>
and Peterson 2009
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="F02BC7543946BC66963914E59718A93B" author="Peterson, PM" journalOrPublisher="Caldasia" pageId="58" pageNumber="181" pagination="21 - 54" refId="B28" refString="Peterson, PM, Giraldo-Canas, D, 2011. Las especies de Muhlenbergia (Poaceae: Chloridoideae) de Argentina. Caldasia 33: 21 - 54" title="Las especies de Muhlenbergia (Poaceae: Chloridoideae) de Argentina." volume="33" year="2011">
Peterson and
<normalizedToken id="F7F443FFBC34489779C4797774612B47" originalValue="Giraldo-Cañas">Giraldo-Canas</normalizedToken>
2011
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="88BDE3AFD5880F29DF985E37F0553A41" author="Peterson, PM" journalOrPublisher="Caldasia" pageId="58" pageNumber="181" refId="B29" refString="Peterson, PM, Giraldo-Canas, D, 2012. Muhlenbergia Schreb. In: Zuloaga FO, Rugolo ZE, Anton AMR (Eds) Flora Argentina, Flora Vascular de la Republica Argentina, Vol. 3, Tomo 1, Monocotyledoneae, Poaceae: Aristidoideae a Pharoideae. IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 140-154." title="Muhlenbergia Schreb. In: Zuloaga FO, Rugolo ZE, Anton AMR (Eds) Flora Argentina, Flora Vascular de la Republica Argentina, Vol. 3, Tomo 1, Monocotyledoneae, Poaceae: Aristidoideae a Pharoideae. IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 140 - 154." year="2012">2012</bibRefCitation>
), this species was referred to as
<taxonomicName id="9E0BAAB7CFC254A92B47502D664BE949" authorityName="Kunth" authorityYear="1833" baseAuthorityName="J. Presl" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Muhlenbergia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Muhlenbergia angustata" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angustata">
<emphasis id="FB58C5597A6642929098097845BD492B" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">Muhlenbergia angustata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(J. Presl) Kunth but the type [
<taxonomicName id="2B2753A7AB127789C4520E553A0E6923" authorityName="J. Presl" authorityYear="1830" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Podosemum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Podosemum angustatum" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angustatum">
<emphasis id="77AF99E6484CB6100B9977C4BB81139F" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">Podosemum angustatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
J. Presl] clearly aligns with what we had been referring to as the hybrid between this species and
<taxonomicName id="88E55EB8E7100B1605E66A0B91222571" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Poaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. rigida" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="rigida">
<emphasis id="8BD7031F3EB5C468020DA75449AC392A" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">M. rigida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Therefore, we adopt the next available name,
<taxonomicName id="27C0F6E809F7B44E35A4656EABB5F8A2" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Muhlenbergia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Muhlenbergia coerulea" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="coerulea">
<emphasis id="1F3C8F1BA2BE5FA6E49D74ED26DE2312" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">Muhlenbergia coerulea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and change the hybrid designation to
<taxonomicName id="C0E8060F139DB03FEC7C61515ED4F714" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Poaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. coerulea" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="coerulea">
<emphasis id="505ADB0C92622B1F2E59ABF445CFCE0A" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">M. coerulea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="C8BDD4FBBB117FA7077533302787F6EA" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<taxonomicName id="882BF59F2ACF380D2EDDB96B0DDD3765" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Poaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. rigida" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="rigida">
<emphasis id="1646239856C734545C5602653AC5E7BB" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">M. rigida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Many specimens studied are intermediate between
<taxonomicName id="75983040A9945F065F14E7DE6D64C357" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Poaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. coerulea" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="coerulea">
<emphasis id="CB290A33479868E25E5699D1C1FD7952" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">M. coerulea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="65D4BB34377031CEA8DE670C9E925848" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Poaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. rigida" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="rigida">
<emphasis id="1FC90F76BF4C496A0065855467269F04" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">M. rigida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. These are treated as hybrids [
<taxonomicName id="10247E9DE08C1D98C533C8CA71EDDE3C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Poaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. coerulea" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="coerulea">
<emphasis id="F803427EA0845979CD7BD491CDCECC9C" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">M. coerulea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Griseb.) Mez
<normalizedToken id="A365307EC5574C2A00E801DDFCFF0B02" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
<taxonomicName id="112C138B58E3E67F353AB9D9E0A1BC81" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Poaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M. rigida" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="rigida">
<emphasis id="B054A542EC52CC75EB23A3AD1AD51F03" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">M. rigida</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Kunth) Kunth;
<bibRefCitation id="895E2EE5DA53B3E85382E8C40B3172E0" author="Laegaard, S" journalOrPublisher="Contributions from the United States National Herbarium" pageId="58" pageNumber="181" refId="B17" refString="Laegaard, S, Peterson, PM, 2001. 214(2). Gramineae (part 2) Subfam. Chloridoideae. In: Harling G, Andersson L (Eds) Botanical Institute, University of Goeteborg, Goeteborg, 1-131." title="214 (2). Gramineae (part 2) Subfam. Chloridoideae. In: Harling G, Andersson L (Eds) Botanical Institute, University of Goeteborg, Goeteborg, 1 - 131." year="2001">
<normalizedToken id="F5B937736C0AFD053F5586E415B51099" originalValue="Lægaard">Laegaard</normalizedToken>
and Peterson 2001
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="899C9FAF1B1D6FEEAE16660464342C2E" author="Peterson, PM" journalOrPublisher="Caldasia" pageId="58" pageNumber="181" pagination="21 - 54" refId="B28" refString="Peterson, PM, Giraldo-Canas, D, 2011. Las especies de Muhlenbergia (Poaceae: Chloridoideae) de Argentina. Caldasia 33: 21 - 54" title="Las especies de Muhlenbergia (Poaceae: Chloridoideae) de Argentina." volume="33" year="2011">
Peterson and
<normalizedToken id="B3DACE8BBA559304652EBDFAF0F746A9" originalValue="Giraldo-Cañas">Giraldo-Canas</normalizedToken>
2011
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="DD5610BAC3EC51842064D6A6A0225EB8" author="Peterson, PM" journalOrPublisher="Caldasia" pageId="58" pageNumber="181" refId="B29" refString="Peterson, PM, Giraldo-Canas, D, 2012. Muhlenbergia Schreb. In: Zuloaga FO, Rugolo ZE, Anton AMR (Eds) Flora Argentina, Flora Vascular de la Republica Argentina, Vol. 3, Tomo 1, Monocotyledoneae, Poaceae: Aristidoideae a Pharoideae. IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 140-154." title="Muhlenbergia Schreb. In: Zuloaga FO, Rugolo ZE, Anton AMR (Eds) Flora Argentina, Flora Vascular de la Republica Argentina, Vol. 3, Tomo 1, Monocotyledoneae, Poaceae: Aristidoideae a Pharoideae. IBODA-IMBIV, CONICET, Buenos Aires, Argentina, 140 - 154." year="2012">2012</bibRefCitation>
] since the size, width and colour of the
<emphasis id="98454672831649EDF5BF2C6F1D36B49B" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">panicles</emphasis>
and the surface structure and length of the glumes and lemmas, are intermediate between these two recognised species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0E1E00254CAFF9FBDA5D07014CA41E64" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">
<taxonomicName id="C3A6D9D58F46A02B89397142D65972AD" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Muhlenbergia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Muhlenbergia coerulea" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="coerulea">
<emphasis id="6BD666CCF484055BD688CE3D535993FB" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">Muhlenbergia coerulea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is deeply embedded in the
<taxonomicName id="C37C1DEC74B34FB1E8D31823AB12F671" authority="subg. Trichochloa" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="M." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" infraspecific-rank="subg." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="M." order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="genus">M. subg. Trichochloa</taxonomicName>
clade, a group of tall, rather robust perennials historically placed in
<taxonomicName id="FC5428D51AC832A3BD32952E1464ABB4" authorityName="Desvaux" authorityYear="1810" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Podosemum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Podosemum" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CEC7E993F142BCA00751636612C5E887" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">Podosemum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="401505919AD05A35EDC6EBA4EF1A3057" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Epicampes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Epicampes" order="Poales" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="6360EA5C0E901853F8B268847AD9E18B" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">Epicampes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="F35499E7B2C08025551109908347055D" author="Soderstrom, TR" journalOrPublisher="Contributions from the United States National Herbarium" pageId="60" pageNumber="183" pagination="75 - 189" refId="B55" refString="Soderstrom, TR, 1967. Taxonomic study of subgenus Podosemum and section Epicampes of Muhlenbergia (Gramineae). Contributions from the United States National Herbarium 34: 75 - 189" title="Taxonomic study of subgenus Podosemum and section Epicampes of Muhlenbergia (Gramineae)." volume="34" year="1967">Soderstrom 1967</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="7470D718BDD8DBDD518964DA48B5876F" DOI="https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.0900359" author="Peterson, PM" journalOrPublisher="American Journal of Botany" pageId="59" pageNumber="182" pagination="1532 - 1554" refId="B38" refString="Peterson, PM, Romaschenko, K, Johnson, G, 2010b. A phylogeny and classification of the Muhlenbergiinae (Poaceae: Chloridoideae: Cynodonteae) based on plastid and nuclear DNA sequences. American Journal of Botany 97 (9): 1532 - 1554, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.0900359" title="A phylogeny and classification of the Muhlenbergiinae (Poaceae: Chloridoideae: Cynodonteae) based on plastid and nuclear DNA sequences." url="https://doi.org/10.3732/ajb.0900359" volume="97" year="2010 b">Peterson et al. 2010b</bibRefCitation>
; Fig.
<figureCitation id="1DC3C79717DFC74C2841466727436EA5" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. A, B Maximum-likelihood tree inferred from combined plastid (ndhA intron, rps 16 - trnK, rps 16 intron, rps 3, and rpl 32 - trnL) and ITS sequences. Thick branches indicate posterior probabilities of 0.95 - 1; species in red occur in South America; scale bar = 2 %." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.114.28799.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/254042" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">1A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="64A1FECDD353D24DC73EB26A2F42C338" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="146" pageId="22" pageNumber="145" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="48124A149EBCD3F046A6857FA9536E0C" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="34DEABA6DC78AB7A85A6BE5B1ADCF733" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="146" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">
Peru.
<emphasis id="ED5BCD141F54C0DECE9867C250295B39" bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">Ancash</emphasis>
: Prov. Huaylas, Pueblo Libre,
<normalizedToken id="4FA0F370D3E935D47649E930AE3D2188" originalValue="Antircán">Antircan</normalizedToken>
, A. Cano 11714 (USM); Prov. Huari,
<normalizedToken id="80CBC0E51D67132B0758D671877EE70F" originalValue="Huascarán">Huascaran</normalizedToken>
National Park, Quebrada Pachachaca, D.N. Smith 12619, A. Gonzalez &amp; D. Maldonado (USM); Quebrada Los Cedros, D.N. Smith 9892, R. Valencia &amp; L. Minaya (CPUN); Prov. Huari,
<normalizedToken id="BB0206E49BE09D2681BDC374D11CDC70" originalValue="Huascarán">Huascaran</normalizedToken>
National Park, Alpamayo-Cashampampa trail, 3950 m, 13 Mar 1985, D.N. Smith 10054 &amp; R. Valencia (MO, USM); Prov. Recuay, between Pequipalpa and Rachacoco, L.I.
<normalizedToken id="6EB05BAA78735CDD38A565270C63DAC5" originalValue="Masías">Masias</normalizedToken>
44 (USM);
<normalizedToken id="71B3CAB7D4EECE284C87D787D9A05F50" originalValue="Huascarán">Huascaran</normalizedToken>
National Park, Auqispuquipio, D.N. Smith 12115, R. Valencia &amp; M. Buddensiek (MO, USM); Prov. Yungay, Cordillera Blanca, 20 km ENE of Yungay,
<geoCoordinate id="2B14113E487789B239CAA888BA8F34EB" degrees="9" direction="south" minutes="6" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="26.2" value="-9.107278">9°6'26.2&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="F9F010C3C1A1EAB7750B47E533B095B6" degrees="77" direction="west" minutes="41" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="8.2" value="-77.685616">77°41'8.2&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 3247 m, 15 Mar 2008, P.M. Peterson 21703, R.J. Soreng, M. La Torre &amp; J.V. Rojas Fox (US, USM); quebrada Llauganuco, 24 km ENE of Yungay,
<geoCoordinate id="2D42CB00ECBAD753E23A5355EF90A447" degrees="9" direction="south" minutes="5" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="46.3" value="-9.096194">9°5'46.3&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="F1C7D304C8916ACBDBCBB94095381EFF" degrees="77" direction="west" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="19.3" value="-77.67203">77°40'19.3&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 3309 m, 16 Mar 2008, P.M. Peterson 21720, R.J. Soreng, M. La Torre &amp; J.V. Rojas Fox (US, USM).
<emphasis id="A9B8278D0F38E951937D58675265D5DD" bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">Arequipa</emphasis>
: Prov. Caraveli, Quicacha, 5 May 1955, A. Guevara s.n. (USM).
<emphasis id="587AF0D8CB6D37DFEB9181E4E90234A7" bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">Ayacucho</emphasis>
: Prov. Huanca Sancos, 19 km NW of Putajasa on road towards Huanca Sancos,
<geoCoordinate id="41DFD935B8B8D14C74A0CA10531D61D5" degrees="14" direction="south" minutes="00" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="2.6" value="-14.000722">14°00'2.6&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="41B939C605B57B333F00778E6CAF3E16" degrees="74" direction="west" minutes="17" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="14.1" value="-74.28725">74°17'14.1&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 3900 m, 25 Feb 2002, P.M. Peterson 16268, A. Cano, M. La Torre, A Ramirez &amp; D. Susanibar (US, USM).
<emphasis id="B2B08B9D1CC7D07D324E1AA9C0E2C914" bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="145">Cajamarca</emphasis>
: Prov. Cajabamba, ca. 20 km WSW of Cajabamba,
<geoCoordinate id="40506E34FB38EE85FEDF61B0948282D6" degrees="7" direction="south" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="18.0" value="-7.705">
<pageBreakToken id="C416AFA1885727A6CA0935412B7E3F5C" pageId="23" pageNumber="146" start="start">7</pageBreakToken>
°42'18.0&quot;S
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="3A4506AB51762B9DC47FF5DD600DCB1D" degrees="78" direction="west" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="1.5" value="-78.23375">78°14'1.5&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 3263 m, 23 Mar 2008, P.M. Peterson &amp; R.J. Soreng 21868 (US, USM); Prov. Cajamarca, La
<normalizedToken id="2CD886C45E90F99A99E97AF1D6C76C6D" originalValue="Encañada">Encanada</normalizedToken>
, Cerro Negro, M. Cabanillas Medina &amp; M.
<normalizedToken id="6B3043AF4BDBC1AF308003E4B7ABD03B" originalValue="Sánchez">Sanchez</normalizedToken>
Montoya 1530 (CPUN); La
<normalizedToken id="E83F1D54B278182D0FA5423824D5A5FB" originalValue="Encañada">Encanada</normalizedToken>
, ruta Combayo-Yanacocha, I.
<normalizedToken id="F9F2305F623290BE251A64CF2DE4271E" originalValue="Sánchez">Sanchez</normalizedToken>
Vega 10574 (CPUN); N del canal Cumbe Mayo, I
<normalizedToken id="F3714A15B20405B7CB26BEAA5C832107" originalValue="Sánchez">Sanchez</normalizedToken>
-Vega U. Molau 3733 (CPUN); Cumbe Mayo, W of Cajamarca, S.A. Renvoize 4990, S.
<normalizedToken id="635860CF46AAF3BBE89AA9DB3143C412" originalValue="Lægaard">Laegaard</normalizedToken>
&amp; I.
<normalizedToken id="0B317E9393F630C01CAEBC6283D17583" originalValue="Sánchez">Sanchez</normalizedToken>
Vega (CPUN, K, US); Pampas de Guanico, ruta a Guagal, I.
<normalizedToken id="2123B4BA1AF28B24222EECF92EC4ECD0" originalValue="Sánchez">Sanchez</normalizedToken>
Vega 1141 (CPUN); Sais Atahualpa, de
<normalizedToken id="67BED1644111618C6C05610D3CCF0443" originalValue="Porcón">Porcon</normalizedToken>
, I
<normalizedToken id="F116EBECF4F0CC501824377028A88777" originalValue="Sánchez">Sanchez</normalizedToken>
Vega 2528, V. Torrel &amp; E. Medina (CPUN); Quebrada de la Esperanza along road to Cumbe Mayo, I.
<normalizedToken id="BB61C15805E88DA894EE63A1C006760A" originalValue="Sánchez">Sanchez</normalizedToken>
Vega &amp; V. Torre 3289 (CPUN); Cerro Campanario, I.
<normalizedToken id="EE684FC0D5C3BC1EADF032920F3F9302" originalValue="Sánchez">Sanchez</normalizedToken>
Vega 6605 (CPUN); Prov. Celendin, Celendin, 3600 m, 24 Jun 1961, R. Ferreyra 15117 (USM); Prov. San Miguel, 64 km N of Cajamarca and 3 km SW of El Cobro, 3530 m, 16 Mar 2000, P.M. Peterson &amp; N. Refulio Rodriguez 14926 (CPUN, US, USM); Prov. San Pablo, 32 km NW of Cajamarca towards San Pablo, 3470 m, 15 Mar 2000, P.M. Peterson &amp; N. Refulio Rodriguez 14882 (US, USM); Cajamarca-Chota road, km 37-40 marker, A. Gentry 61575, C. Diaz &amp; C. Blaney (MO, USM).
<emphasis id="F0B924784441E0821EF278287F793964" bold="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="146">Huancavelica</emphasis>
: Prov. Huancavelica, Canyon of Rio Ichu, SW of Huancavelica,
<geoCoordinate id="FB871067CE86DA112C6525A361F566C0" degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="48.2" value="-12.813389">12°48'48.2&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="3CCC0E014CE2B2C5C19B79E6B7F572F2" degrees="75" direction="west" minutes="3" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="24.5" value="-75.05681">75°3'24.5&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 4894 m, 14 Mar 2007, P.M. Peterson 20462, R.J. Soreng, K. Romaschenko &amp; D. Susanibar (US, USM); Tayacaja, Hacienda Tocas, between Colcabamba and Paucarbamba, 3400 m, 20 Apr 1954, O. Tovar 1981 (US, USM).
<emphasis id="CAF9377CB3F2AD0011EB00BA47BD443A" bold="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="146">
<normalizedToken id="96CB55A7117A1C257CF0BDD6A272D5E4" originalValue="Huánuco">Huanuco</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: Prov. de
<normalizedToken id="FC1C9A455E0B5DF2FC51D249A9439281" originalValue="Huánuco">Huanuco</normalizedToken>
, Mitotambo, above Mito, R. Ferreyra 6895 (MOL, US, USM); above Mitotambo, R. Ferreyra 9434 (USM); 3-6 mi NW of Mito, J.F. Macbride and Featherstone 1929 (F, US), Mito, J.F. Macbride and Featherstone 1721 (F, US); Prov. Ambo, Huarmiragra, A. Granda 1676 (USM).
<emphasis id="FDFC3DF55B28D77C727869F84EA3FE73" bold="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="146">
<normalizedToken id="EEC923CE2664B47F37C90F2ECA366C75" originalValue="Junín">Junin</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
: Pachacaya-Huari, 3600 m, 25 Mar 1979, O. Tovar 7838 (USM); Prov. Huancayo, Cerros E of Huancayo, O. Tovar 3259 (US); above Ocopilla, near Huancayo, O. Tovar 4506 (US, USM); above Huancayo, O. Tovar 2795 (US, USM);
<normalizedToken id="AADEC0A2F7627AC5586B42BAB28F6B5E" originalValue="Palián">Palian</normalizedToken>
, O. Tovar 9339 (USM); Cerros E of Huancayo, O. Tovar 3259 (USM); Oroya, A.S. Hitchcock 22182 (US).
<emphasis id="985B1DC950696F6E51AF5001E0331691" bold="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="146">La Libertad</emphasis>
: Prov. Huancayo, Acopalca, 4000 m, 20 Jul 1945, J. Infantes Vera 406 (LIL); Prov. Bolivar, 3 km ESE of Longotea and 9 km W of Uchumarca,
<geoCoordinate id="59E4E6B893EEDC38BF4D877919537789" degrees="7" direction="south" minutes="3" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="27.9" value="-7.05775">7°3'27.9&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="7DE171A7AFA22E03AEBA0A39B2EE1DF6" degrees="77" direction="west" minutes="51" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="2.2" value="-77.85061">77°51'2.2&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 3202 m, 31 Mar 2008, P.M. Peterson 21957, R.J. Soreng &amp; J. Montoya Quino (US, USM); Prov. Otuzco, Trujillo-Huamachuco road, 10-15 km before Shorey, D.N. Smith &amp; R. Vasquez 3289 (MO, USM); Larbimbambu, 2450 m, 5 Feb 1949, J. Infantes Vera 1654 (LIL); Cerro Sango, A.
<normalizedToken id="2C9A887A16DFDC2B0909491BAFD5C4C2" originalValue="Sagástegui">Sagastegui</normalizedToken>
14428 (HAO); Prov. Santiago de Chuco, Shoreyo-Truillo road, 5 km from Shoreyo, D. Smith 2339 (MO, US, USM).
<emphasis id="389B157514E6C156AF1FA73BE061E403" bold="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="146">Lambayeque</emphasis>
: Prov.
<normalizedToken id="13D73A8442DAB529EFE2F2F0DFDB30AC" originalValue="Ferreñafe">Ferrenafe</normalizedToken>
, Incahuasi, S. Llatas Q. 1934 (CPUN, HAO, USM).
<emphasis id="D46AECE04D29368494D525C311A4705C" bold="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="146">Piura</emphasis>
: Prov. Huancabamba, 14 km E of Sondor on road towards Tabaconas, 2540 m, 31 Mar 2000, P.M. Peterson &amp; N. Refulio Rodriguez 15153 (CPUN, US, USM).
<emphasis id="5F33A4417E82A889E87FBC3EF90793E6" bold="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="146">Puno</emphasis>
: Chijnaya, Pueblo de
<normalizedToken id="734A9D72C5B3211D3AADB82EC46ADDFC" originalValue="Pucará">Pucara</normalizedToken>
, 3900 m, Mar 1964, A. Vera 107 (COL); Hacienda Caracara, entre Llave y
<normalizedToken id="288F46844C746A5779F13C8947745B6D" originalValue="Pucará">Pucara</normalizedToken>
, 3850 m, 4 Mar 1966, O. Tovar 5162 (US); Hacienda Sollocota, 3850 m, 7 Mar 1966, O. Tovar 5229 (USM); Camacani, 9 Mar 1966, 3850 m, O. Tovar 5263 (USM); Prov. Carabaya, 10 km S of Ollachea, J.D. Boeke &amp; S. Boeke 2974 (NY, US); Prov. Chucuito, 3 km S of Pizacoma, 4050 m, 7 Mar 1999, P.M. Peterson &amp; N. Refulio Rodriguez 14694 (US, USM).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>