528 lines
74 KiB
XML
528 lines
74 KiB
XML
<document id="6FF3B941B072CE89216F2F1086D3AF53" ID-CLB-Dataset="20771" ID-DOI="10.37520/aemnp.2021.026" ID-GBIF-Dataset="630f2f88-61e7-4f0f-81d0-156846403776" ID-ISSN="1804-6487" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5821086" ID-ZooBank="6F1D87A2-ED14-450B-B92F-1BA807585FB5" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1641389691414" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Šumpich, Jan & Jagelka, Martin" docDate="2021" docId="DE62AB71EC75FFFA560690D5FA864548" docLanguage="en" docName="ActaEntMusNatPra.61.2.483-494.pdf" docOrigin="Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae 61 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:BA2C5C8540539042E893A65A182CEA85.8:ActaEntMusNatPra.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="BA2C5C8540539042E893A65A182CEA85" docStyleName="ActaEntMusNatPra.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="8" docTitle="Lemonia batavorum Šumpich & Jagelka 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="490" masterDocId="225BD309EC74FFFD572C956DFF9E4D59" masterDocTitle="Lemonia batavorum sp. nov. from the Netherlands, an overlooked sibling of L. dumi (Lepidoptera: Brahmaeidae)" masterLastPageNumber="494" masterPageNumber="483" pageNumber="484" updateTime="1699295793126" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-ND-3.0">
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<mods:title id="9D3D20ABA638492F840E16F8D4C9D263">Lemonia batavorum sp. nov. from the Netherlands, an overlooked sibling of L. dumi (Lepidoptera: Brahmaeidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="0E8EB12F6BB88AE36DA298BE9F061898" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="C44B02FD71FFC054C5D61109E334521B">Šumpich, Jan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5BB4E8D4A9C8317EA91257D5BF4ADA8F">Department of Entomology, National Museum, Cirkusová 1740, CZ- 193 00 Praha</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="136D088743241E8DD25B80F00B66EF80">Jagelka, Martin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0B35AA5F7E9F42C5B2101DC08EC45526">Karpatská</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="B83C003C8A8266ACC50EE328FBF639FE">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="C6916731A2DFD28405E5F6BE04297244">Acta Entomologica Musei Nationalis Pragae</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="3767F1E9781A6944FC00348CD8E6C960">
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<mods:date id="29A98C0F5F7C097DAE0650B743354A88">2021</mods:date>
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<treatment id="DE62AB71EC75FFFA560690D5FA864548" ID-GBIF-Taxon="193278515" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DE62AB71EC75FFFA560690D5FA864548" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/DE62AB71EC75FFFA560690D5FA864548" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="490" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">
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<subSubSection id="1ED149ECEC75FFFC560690D5FDFB4896" box="[298,613,1463,1488]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="56741A67EC75FFFC560690D5FDFB4896" blockId="1.[298,613,1463,1513]" box="[298,613,1463,1488]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">
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<heading id="0D3CAD0BEC75FFFC560690D5FDFB4896" box="[298,613,1463,1488]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="64BFC675EC75FFFC560690D5FDFB4896" bold="true" box="[298,613,1463,1488]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">
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<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC75FFFC560690D5FD974896" authority="Šumpich & Jagelka, 2021" authorityName="Šumpich & Jagelka" authorityYear="2021" box="[298,521,1463,1488]" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batavorum" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="64BFC675EC75FFFC560690D5FD974896" bold="true" box="[298,521,1463,1488]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">Lemonia batavorum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="7F8C7B0EEC75FFFC553C90D5FDFB4896" box="[528,613,1464,1487]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="1ED149ECEC75FFFC566790BBFF794B7F" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" type="description">
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<paragraph id="56741A67EC75FFFC566790BBFDDD48B0" blockId="1.[298,613,1463,1513]" box="[331,579,1494,1513]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">
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(
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<figureCitation id="CEF006E2EC75FFFC567D90BBFE0348B0" box="[337,413,1494,1513]" captionStart="Figs 1–5" captionStartId="2.[151,188,2031,2050]" captionTargetBox="[219,1387,190,1971]" captionTargetId="figure-13@2.[175,1413,189,2009]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs 1–5. Habitus of Lemonia batavorum sp. nov., Netherlands, De Veluwe, x.2017, ex ovo (NMPC). 1 – holotype, male. 2–5 – paratypes: 2–3 – males; 4–5 – females (a – dorsal view, b – ventral view)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5821088" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5821088/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">Figs 1–5</figureCitation>
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||
,
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||
<figureCitation id="CEF006E2EC75FFFC568B90BBFE4048B0" box="[423,478,1494,1513]" captionStart="Figs 16–17" captionStartId="5.[151,188,1991,2010]" captionTargetBox="[161,1429,201,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-15@5.[157,1430,189,1929]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 16–17. Male genitalia of Lemonia batavorum sp. nov., paratypes. 16 – gen. prep. SU21289; 17 – gen. prep. SU21286 (a – detail of socii, b – detail of the tip of aedeagus)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5821094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5821094/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">16–17</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="CEF006E2EC75FFFC56CB90BBFD8148B0" box="[487,543,1494,1513]" captionStart="Figs 20–23" captionStartId="7.[151,188,902,921]" captionTargetBox="[150,1435,204,844]" captionTargetId="figure-15@7.[150,1435,189,870]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figs 20–23. Comparison of uncus (a) and juxta (b) in male genitalia. 20–21 – Lemonia batavorum sp. nov.; 22–23 – L. dumi (Linnaeus, 1761)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5821098" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5821098/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">20–21</figureCitation>
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||
,
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||
<figureCitation id="CEF006E2EC75FFFC550B90BBFDA348B0" box="[551,573,1494,1513]" captionStart="Figs 24–25" captionStartId="8.[151,188,2012,2031]" captionTargetBox="[167,1436,189,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-13@8.[151,1436,186,1844]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figs 24–25.Female genitalia of Lemonia sp. 24 – L. batavorum sp. nov., paratype, gen.prep. SU19904; 25 – L. dumi (Linnaeus, 1761), Czechia, Moravia, Brno, gen. prep. SU21288. a – detail of ostium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5976116" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5976116/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">24</figureCitation>
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)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="56741A67EC75FFFC57BB9094FF794B7F" blockId="1.[151,760,1529,1574]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">
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<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC75FFFC57BB9094FE8D4B55" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1761" box="[151,275,1529,1548]" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dumi">
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||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC75FFFC57BB9094FE8D4B55" box="[151,275,1529,1548]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">Lemonia dumi</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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[misidentification]:
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||
<bibRefCitation id="325A6796EC75FFFC56ED9094FDC04B55" author="SCHAFFERS" box="[449,606,1529,1548]" firstAuthor="SCHAFFERS" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" pagination="20 - 22" refId="ref4668" refString="SCHAFFERS J. 1995: De Herfstspinner weer in Nederland. [The Patrician's Shrub Moth back in the Netherlands]. Vlinders 10 (2): 20 - 22 (in Dutch)." type="journal article" year="1995">SCHAFFERS (1995)</bibRefCitation>
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||
,
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||
<bibRefCitation id="325A6796EC75FFFC55449094FD6B4B55" author="VOS" box="[616,757,1529,1548]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="VOS" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" pagination="27 - 33" refId="ref4811" refString="VOS R. DE, ZWIER J. & GROENENDIJK D. 2007: Overzicht van in 2001 waargenomen interessante macronachtvlinders (Lepidoptera). (Overview of interesting macro-moths (Lepidoptera) in The Netherlands in 2001). Entomologische Berichten (Amsterdam) 67: 27 - 33 (in Dutch, English summary)." type="journal article" year="2007">VOS et al. (2007</bibRefCitation>
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,
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||
<bibRefCitation id="325A6796EC75FFFC5799937EFF7F4B7F" author="VOS" box="[181,225,1555,1574]" firstAuthor="VOS" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Berichten (Amsterdam)" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" pagination="158 - 169" part="68" refId="ref4737" refString="VOS R. DE, ELLIS W., GROENENDIJK D., POST F. & ZWIER J. 2008: Overzicht van in 2002 - 2005 waargenomen interessante macrovlinders, inclusief de trekvlinders (Lepidoptera). (Overview of interesting macro-Lepidoptera including migrating Lepidoptera recorded in the years 2002 - 2005) Entomologische Berichten (Amsterdam) 68: 158 - 169 (in Dutch, English summary)." title="Overzicht van in 2002 - 2005 waargenomen interessante macrovlinders, inclusief de trekvlinders (Lepidoptera). (Overview of interesting macro-Lepidoptera including migrating Lepidoptera recorded in the years 2002 - 2005)" type="journal article" year="2008">2008</bibRefCitation>
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)
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||
</paragraph>
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||
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<emphasis id="64BFC675EC75FFFC57BB9350FE804B09" bold="true" box="[151,286,1597,1616]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">Type material.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="E6A3103AEC75FFFC56089350FD0F4BDF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3462382301" collectingDate="2016-09" collectingDateMax="2017-10" collectingDateMin="2016-09" collectionCode="NMPC" collectorName="De Veluwe & M. Jagelka" country="Netherlands" location="Nationaal Park De Hoge Veluwe" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Gelderland" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="8970A4C5EC75FFFC56089350FEE14B09" box="[292,383,1597,1616]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
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:
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<specimenCount id="40CDD1EEEC75FFFC56A79350FE054B09" box="[395,411,1597,1616]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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(
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<collectionCode id="30DA82A2EC75FFFC56859350FE744B09" box="[425,490,1597,1616]" country="Czech Republic" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/hj12-2xm7" name="National Museum Prague" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">NMPC</collectionCode>
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),
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<emphasis id="64BFC675EC75FFFC56D69350FD024B09" bold="true" box="[506,668,1597,1616]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">
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<collectingCountry id="2EDC5AF7EC75FFFC56D69350FD024B09" box="[506,668,1597,1616]" name="Netherlands" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">NETHERLANDS</collectingCountry>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<emphasis id="64BFC675EC75FFFC55859350FF5B4B32" bold="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">
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<collectingRegion id="940FD485EC75FFFC55859350FF5B4B32" country="Netherlands" name="Gelderland" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">GELDERLAND</collectingRegion>
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</emphasis>
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:
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<collectorName id="FB3E7FB1EC75FFFC57FF9335FEA94B32" box="[211,311,1624,1643]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">De Veluwe</collectorName>
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,
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<location id="53144CBCEC75FFFC566E9335FDF94B32" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DE62AB71EC75FFFA560690D5FA864548:53144CBCEC75FFFC566E9335FDF94B32" box="[322,615,1624,1643]" country="Netherlands" name="Nationaal Park De Hoge Veluwe" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" stateProvince="Gelderland">Nationaal Park De Hoge Veluwe</location>
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,
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<date id="22753CA7EC75FFFC555E9335FD224B32" box="[626,700,1624,1643]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" value="2016-09">
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<collectingDate id="3231C54FEC75FFFC555E9335FD224B32" box="[626,700,1624,1643]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" value="2016-09">ix. 2016</collectingDate>
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</date>
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(ovo), reared
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<date id="22753CA7EC75FFFC57FD931EFE904BDF" box="[209,270,1651,1670]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" value="2017-10">
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<collectingDate id="3231C54FEC75FFFC57FD931EFE904BDF" box="[209,270,1651,1670]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" value="2017-10">x.2017</collectingDate>
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</date>
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, cultivated by
|
||
<collectorName id="FB3E7FB1EC75FFFC56A5931EFE764BDF" box="[393,488,1651,1670]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">M. Jagelka</collectorName>
|
||
, collector unknown
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
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.
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||
<materialsCitation id="E6A3103AEC75FFFC55B5931EFD6B4B8F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3462382302" collectingDate="2016-09" collectingDateMax="2017-10" collectingDateMin="2016-09" collectionCode="JAG, NMPC" collectorName="De Veluwe & M. Jagelka" country="Netherlands" location="Nationaal Park De Hoge Veluwe" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" specimenCode="19904, 21286, 21287, 21289" specimenCount="40" specimenCount-female="24" specimenCount-male="16" stateProvince="Gelderland" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||
<typeStatus id="8970A4C5EC75FFFC55B5931EFD6C4BDF" box="[665,754,1651,1670]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" type="paratype">PARATYPES</typeStatus>
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||
:
|
||
<specimenCount id="40CDD1EEEC75FFFC57BB93E0FF564BF9" box="[151,200,1677,1696]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" type="male">7 ♂♂</specimenCount>
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<specimenCount id="40CDD1EEEC75FFFC57E393E0FE944BF9" box="[207,266,1677,1696]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" type="female">11 ♀♀</specimenCount>
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(
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<specimenCount id="40CDD1EEEC75FFFC563593E0FEA74BF9" box="[281,313,1677,1696]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
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<specimenCount id="40CDD1EEEC75FFFC561393E0FEEE4BF9" box="[319,368,1677,1696]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" type="female">3 ♀♀</specimenCount>
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<collectionCode id="30DA82A2EC75FFFC565B93E0FE3E4BF9" box="[375,416,1677,1696]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">JAG</collectionCode>
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,
|
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<specimenCount id="40CDD1EEEC75FFFC568693E0FE454BF9" box="[426,475,1677,1696]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" type="male">6 ♂♂</specimenCount>
|
||
<specimenCount id="40CDD1EEEC75FFFC56CD93E0FD8C4BF9" box="[481,530,1677,1696]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" type="female">8 ♀♀</specimenCount>
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<collectionCode id="30DA82A2EC75FFFC553593E0FDC44BF9" box="[537,602,1677,1696]" country="Czech Republic" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/hj12-2xm7" name="National Museum Prague" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">NMPC</collectionCode>
|
||
): the same data as holotype, gen. prep. Šumpich
|
||
<specimenCode id="066DB21CEC75FFFC56B493C5FE534BE2" box="[408,461,1704,1723]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">19904</specimenCode>
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(
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<specimenCount id="40CDD1EEEC75FFFC56F593C5FE774BE2" box="[473,489,1704,1723]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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),
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<specimenCode id="066DB21CEC75FFFC56D793C5FDAE4BE2" box="[507,560,1704,1723]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">21286</specimenCode>
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(
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<specimenCount id="40CDD1EEEC75FFFC551193C5FDD34BE2" box="[573,589,1704,1723]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
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),
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<specimenCode id="066DB21CEC75FFFC557393C5FD0A4BE2" box="[607,660,1704,1723]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">21287</specimenCode>
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(
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<specimenCount id="40CDD1EEEC75FFFC558D93C5FD2F4BE2" box="[673,689,1704,1723]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
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),
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<specimenCode id="066DB21CEC75FFFC55EE93C5FD694BE2" box="[706,759,1704,1723]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">21289</specimenCode>
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(
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<specimenCount id="40CDD1EEEC75FFFC57B293AEFF304B8F" box="[158,174,1731,1750]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
|
||
), (Barcode NMPC-Lep-0130, NMPC-Lep-0170, NMPC-Lep-0261)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1ED149ECEC75FFFC57BB9383FADE4A2C" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="56741A67EC75FFFC57BB9383FAC84CCC" blockId="1.[151,761,1597,2085]" lastBlockId="1.[828,1438,190,2069]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC75FFFC57BB9383FEE34A5C" bold="true" box="[151,381,1773,1797]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">
|
||
Description.
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC75FFFC561A9380FEE34A5C" box="[310,381,1773,1797]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">Adult.</emphasis>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Male (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEF006E2EC75FFFC56F99383FDA14A5C" box="[469,575,1774,1797]" captionStart="Figs 1–5" captionStartId="2.[151,188,2031,2050]" captionTargetBox="[219,1387,190,1971]" captionTargetId="figure-13@2.[175,1413,189,2009]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs 1–5. Habitus of Lemonia batavorum sp. nov., Netherlands, De Veluwe, x.2017, ex ovo (NMPC). 1 – holotype, male. 2–5 – paratypes: 2–3 – males; 4–5 – females (a – dorsal view, b – ventral view)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5821088" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5821088/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">Figs 1–3</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEF006E2EC75FFFC55639383FDF14A5C" box="[591,623,1774,1797]" captionStart="Figs 27–33" captionStartId="10.[151,188,1745,1764]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,189,1728]" captionTargetId="figure-13@10.[151,1436,189,1728]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figs 27–33. Comparative presentation of larvae and adults in natural position. 27–30 – Lemonia batavorum sp. nov.; 31–33 – L. dumi (Linnaeus, 1761) (a – larva in dorsal view; b – larva in lateral view; c – adult, female; d – adult, male)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5821102" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5821102/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">30</figureCitation>
|
||
). Wingspan
|
||
<quantity id="9133B782EC75FFFC57BB9263FE8E4A7C" box="[151,272,1806,1829]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="4.1" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" unit="mm" value="43.0" valueMax="45.0" valueMin="41.0">41–45 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Head rusty brown, palpi labialis very short, densely covered with hairs of the same colour on tip but dark brown near base. Antenna dark brown, bipectinate, not ciliate. Eyes round, black. Thorax and abdomen with long rusty hairs. Forewing triangular with pointed apex. Ground colour dark brown with rusty hairs near base, fringes very short, rusty yellow. Discal spot usually small, round. Transverse line in two thirds of wing, very narrow, usually with sharp edges. Hindwings of the same ground colour but distinctly lighter near base, fringes short but longer than those of forewings, rusty yellow. Transverse line leads almost through middle of wing, broader, tapering posteriorly. Ventral side of both wings dark brown between transverse lines and margins of wings, basal area rusty-yellowish in forewing, darker in hindwings. Venation sometimes slightly suffused with yellowish scales.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="56741A67EC75FFFC547694F3FA034C8C" blockId="1.[828,1438,190,2069]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC75FFFC547694F3FC374CEC" box="[858,937,414,437]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">Female</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEF006E2EC75FFFC549994F3FB8A4CEC" box="[949,1044,414,437]" captionStart="Figs 1–5" captionStartId="2.[151,188,2031,2050]" captionTargetBox="[219,1387,190,1971]" captionTargetId="figure-13@2.[175,1413,189,2009]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs 1–5. Habitus of Lemonia batavorum sp. nov., Netherlands, De Veluwe, x.2017, ex ovo (NMPC). 1 – holotype, male. 2–5 – paratypes: 2–3 – males; 4–5 – females (a – dorsal view, b – ventral view)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5821088" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5821088/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">Figs 4–5</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEF006E2EC75FFFC533094F3FBA44CEC" box="[1052,1082,414,437]" captionStart="Figs 27–33" captionStartId="10.[151,188,1745,1764]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,189,1728]" captionTargetId="figure-13@10.[151,1436,189,1728]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figs 27–33. Comparative presentation of larvae and adults in natural position. 27–30 – Lemonia batavorum sp. nov.; 31–33 – L. dumi (Linnaeus, 1761) (a – larva in dorsal view; b – larva in lateral view; c – adult, female; d – adult, male)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5821102" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5821102/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">29</figureCitation>
|
||
). Wingspan
|
||
<quantity id="9133B782EC75FFFC539594F3FAB34CEC" box="[1209,1325,414,437]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" metricValueMax="5.2" metricValueMin="4.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" unit="mm" value="48.0" valueMax="52.0" valueMin="44.0">44–52 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Similar to males, but larger wingspan and antennae with shorter arms.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="56741A67EC75FFFC547694B3FB924CAC" blockId="1.[828,1438,190,2069]" box="[858,1036,478,501]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC75FFFC547694B3FC5B4CAC" box="[858,965,478,501]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">Variation.</emphasis>
|
||
None.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="56741A67EC75FFFC54769493FBDA4FEC" blockId="1.[828,1438,190,2069]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC75FFFC54769493FC6E4F4C" box="[858,1008,510,533]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">Male genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEF006E2EC75FFFC54D09493FBEC4F4C" box="[1020,1138,510,533]" captionStart="Figs 16–17" captionStartId="5.[151,188,1991,2010]" captionTargetBox="[161,1429,201,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-15@5.[157,1430,189,1929]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs 16–17. Male genitalia of Lemonia batavorum sp. nov., paratypes. 16 – gen. prep. SU21289; 17 – gen. prep. SU21286 (a – detail of socii, b – detail of the tip of aedeagus)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5821094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5821094/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">Figs 16–17</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEF006E2EC75FFFC53579493FB5E4F4C" box="[1147,1216,510,533]" captionStart="Figs 20–23" captionStartId="7.[151,188,902,921]" captionTargetBox="[150,1435,204,844]" captionTargetId="figure-15@7.[150,1435,189,870]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figs 20–23. Comparison of uncus (a) and juxta (b) in male genitalia. 20–21 – Lemonia batavorum sp. nov.; 22–23 – L. dumi (Linnaeus, 1761)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5821098" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5821098/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">20–21</figureCitation>
|
||
). Uncus cask-shaped, comparatively long, tapering posteriorly, near base slightly narrowed, distinctly bilobed. Valvae nearly rectangular, dorso-apically rounded, ventral-lateral margin nearly right-angled. Juxta wide, only slightly bulging. Aedeagus straight, without cornuti.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="56741A67EC75FFFC547697D3FCE54EEC" blockId="1.[828,1438,190,2069]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC75FFFC547697D3FB8E4F8C" box="[858,1040,702,725]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">Female genitalia</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEF006E2EC75FFFC533297D3FBF04F8C" box="[1054,1134,702,725]" captionStart="Figs 24–25" captionStartId="8.[151,188,2012,2031]" captionTargetBox="[167,1436,189,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-13@8.[151,1436,186,1844]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figs 24–25.Female genitalia of Lemonia sp. 24 – L. batavorum sp. nov., paratype, gen.prep. SU19904; 25 – L. dumi (Linnaeus, 1761), Czechia, Moravia, Brno, gen. prep. SU21288. a – detail of ostium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5976116" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5976116/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
|
||
). Papilla analis broad, semioval, posterior apophysis 1.9× longer than anterior apophysis. Antrum cup-shaped with nearly straight edges, expanding proximally, distal part without sclerotized termination. Ductus bursae comparatively short, approximately of the same length as bursa copulatrix, membranous without sclerotization.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="940FD485EC75FFFC536E9613FB1C4ECC" box="[1090,1154,894,917]" country="Turkey" name="Bursa" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">Bursa</collectingRegion>
|
||
copulatrix oval, without signa.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="56741A67EC75FFFC547696D3FB604BCC" blockId="1.[828,1438,190,2069]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC75FFFC547696D3FC074E8C" bold="true" box="[858,921,958,981]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">Larva</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEF006E2EC75FFFC548F96D3FB864E8C" box="[931,1048,958,981]" captionStart="Figs 27–33" captionStartId="10.[151,188,1745,1764]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,189,1728]" captionTargetId="figure-13@10.[151,1436,189,1728]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figs 27–33. Comparative presentation of larvae and adults in natural position. 27–30 – Lemonia batavorum sp. nov.; 31–33 – L. dumi (Linnaeus, 1761) (a – larva in dorsal view; b – larva in lateral view; c – adult, female; d – adult, male)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5821102" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5821102/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">Figs 27–28</figureCitation>
|
||
). Caterpillars in final stage are coloured similarly to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC75FFFC533696B3FBF24EAC" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1761" box="[1050,1132,990,1013]" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dumi">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC75FFFC533696B3FBF24EAC" box="[1050,1132,990,1013]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">L. dumi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEF006E2EC75FFFC535796B3FB6D4EAC" box="[1147,1267,990,1013]" captionStart="Figs 27–33" captionStartId="10.[151,188,1745,1764]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,189,1728]" captionTargetId="figure-13@10.[151,1436,189,1728]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figs 27–33. Comparative presentation of larvae and adults in natural position. 27–30 – Lemonia batavorum sp. nov.; 31–33 – L. dumi (Linnaeus, 1761) (a – larva in dorsal view; b – larva in lateral view; c – adult, female; d – adult, male)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5821102" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5821102/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">Figs 31–32</figureCitation>
|
||
) but have more brightly developed yellowish white stripes on body segments.
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC75FFFC54109173FBAD496C" bold="true" box="[828,1075,1054,1077]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">Differential diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC75FFFC53159173FA8E496C" authorityName="Šumpich & Jagelka" authorityYear="2021" box="[1081,1296,1054,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batavorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC75FFFC53159173FA8E496C" box="[1081,1296,1054,1077]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">Lemonia batavorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC75FFFC52AB9173FCEE490C" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1761" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dumi">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC75FFFC52AB9173FCEE490C" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">L. dumi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in external appearance (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEF006E2EC75FFFC534B9153FB4F490C" box="[1127,1233,1086,1109]" captionStart-0="Figs 6–10" captionStart-1="Figs 11–15" captionStartId-0="3.[151,188,2032,2051]" captionStartId-1="4.[151,188,2032,2051]" captionTargetBox-0="[211,1401,191,1968]" captionTargetBox-1="[204,1411,192,1952]" captionTargetId-0="figure-15@3.[151,1436,189,2012]" captionTargetId-1="figure-13@4.[151,1436,189,2079]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionText-0="Figs 6–10. Habitus of Lemonia dumi (Linnaeus, 1761), males. 6 – Czechia, Bohemia, Jirny, 16.x.1932, F. Gemperle leg. (NMPC). 7 – Czechia, Moravia, Kuřim, 24.ix.1979, L. Traxler leg. (NMPC). 8 – Austria, Wien, 10.x.1940, F. Fischer leg. (NMPC). 9 – Switzerland, Menziken (without faunistic details) (NMPC). 10 – Denmark, Tibirke Bk., Sjaelland RT, 16.x.1980, R. Torp (ZMUC) (a – dorsal view, b – ventral view)." captionText-1="Figs 11–15. Habitus of Lemonia dumi (Linnaeus, 1761), females. 11 – Czechia, Bohemia, Jirny, 10.x.1933, A. Silbernagel leg. (NMPC). 12 – Czechia, Moravia, Kuřim, 16.ix.1979, L. Traxler leg. (NMPC). 13 – Slovakia, Gbelce, 27.x.1966, J. Marek (NMPC). 14 – Germany, Walheim (without faunistic details) (NMPC). 15 – Denmark, Tibirke Bk., Sjaelland RT, 13.x.1955, H. K. Jensen (ZMUC) (a – dorsal view, b – ventral view)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5821090" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5821092" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5821090/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5821092/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">Figs 6–15</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEF006E2EC75FFFC53F59153FB68490C" box="[1241,1270,1086,1109]" captionStart="Figs 27–33" captionStartId="10.[151,188,1745,1764]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,189,1728]" captionTargetId="figure-13@10.[151,1436,189,1728]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figs 27–33. Comparative presentation of larvae and adults in natural position. 27–30 – Lemonia batavorum sp. nov.; 31–33 – L. dumi (Linnaeus, 1761) (a – larva in dorsal view; b – larva in lateral view; c – adult, female; d – adult, male)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5821102" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5821102/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">33</figureCitation>
|
||
), but the latter is generally paler and with ochre brown ground colour (rusty brown in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC75FFFC548B9113FBA449CC" authorityName="Šumpich & Jagelka" authorityYear="2021" box="[935,1082,1150,1173]" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batavorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC75FFFC548B9113FBA449CC" box="[935,1082,1150,1173]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">L. batavorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), broader and yellow transverse lines of both wings (rusty yellow in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC75FFFC539591F3FAD749EC" authorityName="Šumpich & Jagelka" authorityYear="2021" box="[1209,1353,1182,1205]" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batavorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC75FFFC539591F3FAD749EC" box="[1209,1353,1182,1205]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">L. batavorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), discal spot of different size and shape (round in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC75FFFC53D091D3FA13498C" authorityName="Šumpich & Jagelka" authorityYear="2021" box="[1276,1421,1214,1237]" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batavorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC75FFFC53D091D3FA13498C" box="[1276,1421,1214,1237]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">L. batavorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), usually yellow basal part of costa (always dark in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC75FFFC527791B3FC0B484C" authorityName="Šumpich & Jagelka" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batavorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC75FFFC527791B3FC0B484C" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">L. batavorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), brown submarginal bands usually not reaching wing margin on upper side, and mainly apex of forewing darker in lighter specimens (whole submarginal band dark in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC75FFFC54759033FC72482C" authorityName="Šumpich & Jagelka" authorityYear="2021" box="[857,1004,1374,1397]" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batavorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC75FFFC54759033FC72482C" box="[857,1004,1374,1397]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">L. batavorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
); this is more significant in females. In male genitalia,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC75FFFC54F29013FBF048CC" authorityName="Šumpich & Jagelka" authorityYear="2021" box="[990,1134,1406,1429]" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batavorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC75FFFC54F29013FBF048CC" box="[990,1134,1406,1429]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">L. batavorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs in the shape of uncus (shorter and more convex laterally in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC75FFFC53E890F3FA8D48EC" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1761" box="[1220,1299,1438,1461]" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dumi">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC75FFFC53E890F3FA8D48EC" box="[1220,1299,1438,1461]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">L. dumi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), valva (dorso-apical part more pointed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC75FFFC535990D3FB5B488C" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1761" box="[1141,1221,1470,1493]" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dumi">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC75FFFC535990D3FB5B488C" box="[1141,1221,1470,1493]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">L. dumi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and juxta (rounded, distinctly more prominent in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC75FFFC534390B3FB2148AC" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1761" box="[1135,1215,1502,1525]" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dumi">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC75FFFC534390B3FB2148AC" box="[1135,1215,1502,1525]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">L. dumi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEF006E2EC75FFFC53FA90B3FACF48AC" box="[1238,1361,1502,1525]" captionStart="Figs 18–19" captionStartId="6.[151,188,1991,2010]" captionTargetBox="[210,1368,189,1927]" captionTargetId="figure-13@6.[203,1385,189,1927]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs 18–19. Male genitalia of Lemonia dumi (Linnaeus, 1761). 18 – Czechia, Moravia, Kuřim, gen. prep. SU21301; 19 – Slovakia, Plášťovce, gen. prep. SU21285 (a – detail of socii, b – detail of the tip of aedeagus)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5821096" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5821096/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">Figs 18–19</figureCitation>
|
||
). In female genitalia,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC75FFFC54F79093FBF64B4C" authorityName="Šumpich & Jagelka" authorityYear="2021" box="[987,1128,1534,1557]" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batavorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC75FFFC54F79093FBF64B4C" box="[987,1128,1534,1557]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">L. batavorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
differs in the shape of antrum (bulbous and with sclerotized terminations in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC75FFFC52149373FA124B6C" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1761" box="[1336,1420,1566,1589]" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dumi">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC75FFFC52149373FA124B6C" box="[1336,1420,1566,1589]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">L. dumi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), papillae analis round, posterior apophysis approximately 1.5× longer than anterior apophysis, and ductus bursae comparatively longer in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC75FFFC536D9313FB0C4BCC" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1761" box="[1089,1170,1662,1685]" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dumi">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC75FFFC536D9313FB0C4BCC" box="[1089,1170,1662,1685]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">L. dumi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEF006E2EC75FFFC538D9313FB6F4BCC" box="[1185,1265,1662,1685]" captionStart="Figs 24–25" captionStartId="8.[151,188,2012,2031]" captionTargetBox="[167,1436,189,1806]" captionTargetId="figure-13@8.[151,1436,186,1844]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figs 24–25.Female genitalia of Lemonia sp. 24 – L. batavorum sp. nov., paratype, gen.prep. SU19904; 25 – L. dumi (Linnaeus, 1761), Czechia, Moravia, Brno, gen. prep. SU21288. a – detail of ostium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5976116" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5976116/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="56741A67EC75FFFC541093F3FADE4A2C" blockId="1.[828,1438,190,2069]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC75FFFC541093F3FC784BEC" bold="true" box="[828,998,1694,1717]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">Molecular data.</emphasis>
|
||
BIN BOLD:AEA3525 (n = 3). The average intraspecific divergence of the barcode region is 0.0 %. Distance to the nearest neighbour is 1.92 %. (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC75FFFC53ED93B3FA914BAC" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1761" box="[1217,1295,1758,1781]" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dumi">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC75FFFC53ED93B3FA914BAC" box="[1217,1295,1758,1781]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">L. dumi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
[BIN BOLD: AAD9009; n = 13 (7 public); records from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2EDC5AF7EC75FFFC53C79393FAA24A4C" box="[1259,1340,1790,1813]" name="Finland" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">Finland</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2EDC5AF7EC75FFFC52689393FA074A4C" box="[1348,1433,1790,1813]" name="Sweden" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">Sweden</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2EDC5AF7EC75FFFC54109273FC0F4A6C" box="[828,913,1822,1845]" name="Czech Republic" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">Czechia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2EDC5AF7EC75FFFC54B59273FC6B4A6C" box="[921,1013,1822,1845]" name="Slovakia" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">Slovakia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2EDC5AF7EC75FFFC54D09273FBCF4A6C" box="[1020,1105,1822,1845]" name="Ukraine" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2EDC5AF7EC75FFFC53759273FB3E4A6C" box="[1113,1184,1822,1845]" name="Russia" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">Russia</collectingCountry>
|
||
; the average intraspecific divergence of the barcode region is 0.37 %, maximum 0.64 %]). For other details see
|
||
<figureCitation id="CEF006E2EC75FFFC536D9233FB174A2C" box="[1089,1161,1886,1909]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="9.[150,181,1210,1229]" captionTargetBox="[167,1433,198,1189]" captionTargetId="figure-44@9.[151,1436,191,1203]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Fig. 26. Neighbor-joining tree based on public DNA barcodes of the Lemonia specimens with Sabalia picarina Walker, 1865 (Brahmaeidae) as an outgroup species (for sources see Material and methods)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5821100" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5821100/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
|
||
and Conclusions.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1ED149ECEC75FFFC54109213FC50454C" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="56741A67EC75FFFC54109213FC50454C" blockId="1.[828,1438,190,2069]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC75FFFC54109213FC224ACC" bold="true" box="[828,956,1918,1941]" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The species name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC75FFFC53BC9213FA9A4ACC" authorityName="Šumpich & Jagelka" authorityYear="2021" box="[1168,1284,1918,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="484" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batavorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC75FFFC53BC9213FA9A4ACC" box="[1168,1284,1918,1941]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">batavorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is given after Batavi, an ancient Germanic tribe that once inhabited the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="940FD485EC75FFFC541092D3FB9A4A8C" box="[828,1028,1982,2005]" country="Netherlands" name="Gelderland" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">Gelderland region</collectingRegion>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2EDC5AF7EC75FFFC530392D3FB404A8C" box="[1071,1246,1982,2005]" name="Netherlands" pageId="1" pageNumber="484">the Netherlands</collectingCountry>
|
||
(formerly called Batavia), from where the new species is described; noun in apposition.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="02B44AEFEC76FFFF57BB9282FDA04544" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5821088" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5821088" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5821088/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="485" startId="2.[151,188,2031,2050]" targetBox="[219,1387,190,1971]" targetPageId="2">
|
||
<paragraph id="56741A67EC76FFFF57BB9282FDA04544" blockId="2.[151,1437,2031,2077]" pageId="2" pageNumber="485">
|
||
Figs 1–5. Habitus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC76FFFF56659282FE6B455B" authority="Šumpich & Jagelka, 2021" authorityName="Šumpich & Jagelka" authorityYear="2021" box="[329,501,2031,2050]" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="485" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batavorum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC76FFFF56659282FE6B455B" box="[329,501,2031,2050]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="485">Lemonia batavorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7F8C7B0EEC76FFFF56D69282FDA1455B" box="[506,575,2031,2050]" pageId="2" pageNumber="485" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, Netherlands, De Veluwe, x.2017, ex ovo (NMPC). 1 – holotype, male. 2–5 – paratypes: 2–3 – males; 4–5 – females (a – dorsal view, b – ventral view).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="02B44AEFEC77FFFE57BB929DFBEF4560" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5821090" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5821090" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5821090/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" startId="3.[151,188,2032,2051]" targetBox="[211,1401,191,1968]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="56741A67EC77FFFE57BB929DFBEF4560" blockId="3.[151,1437,2032,2105]" pageId="3" pageNumber="486">
|
||
Figs 6–10. Habitus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC77FFFE567E929DFDFD455A" authority="(Linnaeus, 1761)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1761" box="[338,611,2032,2051]" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="486" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dumi">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC77FFFE567E929DFE52455A" box="[338,460,2032,2051]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="486">Lemonia dumi</emphasis>
|
||
(Linnaeus, 1761)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, males. 6 – Czechia, Bohemia, Jirny, 16.x.1932, F. Gemperle leg. (NMPC). 7 – Czechia, Moravia, Kuřim, 24.ix.1979, L. Traxler leg. (NMPC). 8 – Austria, Wien, 10.x.1940, F. Fischer leg. (NMPC). 9 – Switzerland, Menziken (without faunistic details) (NMPC). 10 – Denmark, Tibirke Bk., Sjaelland RT, 16.x.1980, R. Torp (ZMUC) (a – dorsal view, b – ventral view).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="02B44AEFEC70FFF957BB929DFB7C4560" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5821092" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5821092" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5821092/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" startId="4.[151,188,2032,2051]" targetBox="[204,1411,192,1952]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="56741A67EC70FFF957BB929DFB7C4560" blockId="4.[151,1437,2032,2105]" pageId="4" pageNumber="487">
|
||
Figs 11–15. Habitus of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC70FFF95673929DFDED455A" authority="(Linnaeus, 1761)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1761" box="[351,627,2032,2051]" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="487" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dumi">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC70FFF95673929DFE44455A" box="[351,474,2032,2051]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="487">Lemonia dumi</emphasis>
|
||
(Linnaeus, 1761)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, females. 11 – Czechia, Bohemia, Jirny, 10.x.1933, A. Silbernagel leg. (NMPC). 12 – Czechia, Moravia, Kuřim, 16.ix.1979, L. Traxler leg. (NMPC). 13 – Slovakia, Gbelce, 27.x.1966, J. Marek (NMPC). 14 – Germany, Walheim (without faunistic details) (NMPC). 15 – Denmark, Tibirke Bk., Sjaelland RT, 13.x.1955, H. K. Jensen (ZMUC) (a – dorsal view, b – ventral view).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="02B44AEFEC71FFF857BB92AAFEC34AAD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5821094" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5821094" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5821094/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="488" startId="5.[151,188,1991,2010]" targetBox="[161,1429,201,1905]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="56741A67EC71FFF857BB92AAFEC34AAD" blockId="5.[151,1436,1991,2036]" pageId="5" pageNumber="488">
|
||
Figs 16–17. Male genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC71FFF856BB92AAFDDD4A83" authority="Šumpich & Jagelka, 2021" authorityName="Šumpich & Jagelka" authorityYear="2021" box="[407,579,1991,2010]" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="488" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batavorum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC71FFF856BB92AAFDDD4A83" box="[407,579,1991,2010]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="488">Lemonia batavorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7F8C7B0EEC71FFF8556592AAFD134A83" box="[585,653,1991,2010]" pageId="5" pageNumber="488" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
, paratypes. 16 – gen. prep. SU21289; 17 – gen. prep. SU21286 (a – detail of socii, b – detail of the tip of aedeagus).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="02B44AEFEC72FFFB57BB92AAFD324AAD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5821096" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5821096" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5821096/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="489" startId="6.[151,188,1991,2010]" targetBox="[210,1368,189,1927]" targetPageId="6">
|
||
<paragraph id="56741A67EC72FFFB57BB92AAFD324AAD" blockId="6.[151,1438,1991,2036]" pageId="6" pageNumber="489">
|
||
Figs 18–19. Male genitalia of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC72FFFB56B892AAFD384A83" authority="(Linnaeus, 1761)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1761" box="[404,678,1991,2010]" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="489" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dumi">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC72FFFB56B892AAFD904A83" box="[404,526,1991,2010]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="489">Lemonia dumi</emphasis>
|
||
(Linnaeus, 1761)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. 18 – Czechia, Moravia, Kuřim, gen. prep. SU21301; 19 – Slovakia, Plášťovce, gen. prep. SU21285 (a – detail of socii, b – detail of the tip of aedeagus).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="02B44AEFEC73FFFA57BB96EBFAC64EC0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5821098" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5821098" box="[151,1368,902,921]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5821098/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" startId="7.[151,188,902,921]" targetBox="[150,1435,204,844]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="56741A67EC73FFFA57BB96EBFAC64EC0" blockId="7.[151,1368,902,921]" box="[151,1368,902,921]" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">
|
||
Figs 20–23. Comparison of uncus (a) and juxta (b) in male genitalia. 20–21 –
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC73FFFA541C96EBFC424EC0" authority="Šumpich & Jagelka, 2021" authorityName="Šumpich & Jagelka" authorityYear="2021" box="[816,988,902,921]" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batavorum" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC73FFFA541C96EBFC424EC0" box="[816,988,902,921]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">Lemonia batavorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7F8C7B0EEC73FFFA54CE96EBFBB94EC0" box="[994,1063,902,921]" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
; 22–23 –
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC73FFFA535596EBFACA4EC0" authority="(Linnaeus, 1761)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1761" box="[1145,1364,902,921]" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dumi">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC73FFFA535596EBFB254EC0" box="[1145,1211,902,921]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">L. dumi</emphasis>
|
||
(Linnaeus, 1761)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1ED149ECEC73FFFA57BB96B7FD084548" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="56741A67EC73FFFA57BB96B7FD084548" blockId="7.[151,760,986,2065]" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC73FFFA57BB96B7FF6C4EA8" bold="true" box="[151,242,986,1009]" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">Biology.</emphasis>
|
||
In the National Park De Hoge Veluwe it occurs in sunny meadows and heathlands surrounded by pine trees, and on sandy soil with sparse grass, herbs and mosses according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="325A6796EC73FFFA560F9157FE414908" author="SCHAFFERS" box="[291,479,1082,1105]" firstAuthor="SCHAFFERS" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" pagination="20 - 22" refId="ref4668" refString="SCHAFFERS J. 1995: De Herfstspinner weer in Nederland. [The Patrician's Shrub Moth back in the Netherlands]. Vlinders 10 (2): 20 - 22 (in Dutch)." type="journal article" year="1995">SCHAFFERS (1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC73FFFA552B9157FDC74908" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1761" box="[519,601,1082,1105]" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dumi">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC73FFFA552B9157FDC74908" box="[519,601,1082,1105]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">L. dumi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC73FFFA55439157FF6F4928" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Hypochaeris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="radicata">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC73FFFA55439157FF6F4928" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">Hypochaeris radicata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC73FFFA562E9137FE474928" authorityName="C.Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[258,473,1114,1137]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Hieracium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pilosella">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC73FFFA562E9137FE474928" box="[258,473,1114,1137]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">Hieracium pilosella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC73FFFA553F9137FD694928" box="[531,759,1114,1137]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="officinale">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC73FFFA553F9137FD694928" box="[531,759,1114,1137]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">Taraxacum officinale</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are mentioned as the food plants in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2EDC5AF7EC73FFFA55389117FD2249C8" box="[532,700,1146,1169]" name="Netherlands" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">the Netherlands</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="325A6796EC73FFFA55E69117FE9149E8" author="VOS" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="VOS" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Berichten (Amsterdam)" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" pagination="158 - 169" part="68" refId="ref4737" refString="VOS R. DE, ELLIS W., GROENENDIJK D., POST F. & ZWIER J. 2008: Overzicht van in 2002 - 2005 waargenomen interessante macrovlinders, inclusief de trekvlinders (Lepidoptera). (Overview of interesting macro-Lepidoptera including migrating Lepidoptera recorded in the years 2002 - 2005) Entomologische Berichten (Amsterdam) 68: 158 - 169 (in Dutch, English summary)." title="Overzicht van in 2002 - 2005 waargenomen interessante macrovlinders, inclusief de trekvlinders (Lepidoptera). (Overview of interesting macro-Lepidoptera including migrating Lepidoptera recorded in the years 2002 - 2005)" type="journal article" year="2008">VOS et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC73FFFA561191F7FE0F49E8" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1761" box="[317,401,1178,1201]" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dumi">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC73FFFA561191F7FE0F49E8" box="[317,401,1178,1201]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">L. dumi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). In our breeding we gained the following knowledge of the species bionomy: eggs are rounded and similar to those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC73FFFA56D391B7FDCA49A8" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1761" box="[511,596,1242,1265]" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dumi">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC73FFFA56D391B7FDCA49A8" box="[511,596,1242,1265]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">L. dumi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but a little bit darker and comparatively larger in size. They are laid by females in several batches around the stems or twigs of dry plants close to the ground or even on the ground. Eggs overwinter and caterpillars hatch in March and April.After hatching from eggs, the caterpillars move a lot to find suitable plants to feed. We used
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC73FFFA56FC90F7FDF048E8" box="[464,622,1434,1457]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Taraxacum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC73FFFA56FC90F7FDD948E8" box="[464,583,1434,1457]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">Taraxacum</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC73FFFA555690F7FD6648E8" box="[634,760,1434,1457]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Sonchus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC73FFFA555690F7FD4D48E8" box="[634,723,1434,1457]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">Sonchus</emphasis>
|
||
sp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC73FFFA57EF90D7FEFF4888" box="[195,353,1466,1489]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Lactuca" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="virosa">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC73FFFA57EF90D7FEFF4888" box="[195,353,1466,1489]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">Lactuca virosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as foodplants in captivity. Caterpillars feed during the day and night as well. Most of the time they are hidden on the ground where they are very well camouflaged. When mature, they bury themselves under the ground where they make a small chamber for pupation. We used a box with a layer of clay about
|
||
<quantity id="9133B782EC73FFFA55559337FD224B28" box="[633,700,1626,1649]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" unit="cm" value="10.0">10 cm</quantity>
|
||
thick which was sufficient for pupation. Pupa is reddish brown. The moths hatched after 4–5 months but overwintering of pupa is probably also possible as it is sometimes seen in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC73FFFA579E93B7FE9D4BA8" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1761" box="[178,259,1754,1777]" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dumi">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC73FFFA579E93B7FE9D4BA8" box="[178,259,1754,1777]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">L. dumi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In our big “butterfly room” adults hatch in the morning hours, usually around 10:00 a.m. Flight period is in October, in nature depending on the weather.Adults have been seen flying even in very low temperatures (around +6°C). Males mostly fly around midday and they look for calling females. Males are much stronger and faster fliers than those of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC73FFFA560092F7FEE04AE8" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1761" box="[300,382,1946,1969]" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dumi">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC73FFFA560092F7FEE04AE8" box="[300,382,1946,1969]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">L. dumi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and their flight is faster. Mating is short, lasting only 10 to 20 minutes. Females fly off after copulation and start to lay eggs. Unfortunately, breeding failed to continue for more than one generation.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1ED149ECEC73FFFA541096B7FAAF4BE8" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="56741A67EC73FFFA541096B7FAAF4BE8" blockId="7.[827,1437,986,2065]" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC73FFFA541096B7FC544EA8" bold="true" box="[828,970,986,1009]" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2EDC5AF7EC73FFFA54FF96B7FB1D4EA8" box="[979,1155,986,1009]" name="Netherlands" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">The Netherlands</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="325A6796EC73FFFA53B996B7FAD64EA8" author="SCHAFFERS" box="[1173,1352,986,1009]" firstAuthor="SCHAFFERS" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" pagination="20 - 22" refId="ref4668" refString="SCHAFFERS J. 1995: De Herfstspinner weer in Nederland. [The Patrician's Shrub Moth back in the Netherlands]. Vlinders 10 (2): 20 - 22 (in Dutch)." type="journal article" year="1995">SCHAFFERS 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="325A6796EC73FFFA527896B7FC0A4948" author="VOS" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="VOS" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Berichten (Amsterdam)" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" pagination="158 - 169" part="68" refId="ref4737" refString="VOS R. DE, ELLIS W., GROENENDIJK D., POST F. & ZWIER J. 2008: Overzicht van in 2002 - 2005 waargenomen interessante macrovlinders, inclusief de trekvlinders (Lepidoptera). (Overview of interesting macro-Lepidoptera including migrating Lepidoptera recorded in the years 2002 - 2005) Entomologische Berichten (Amsterdam) 68: 158 - 169 (in Dutch, English summary)." title="Overzicht van in 2002 - 2005 waargenomen interessante macrovlinders, inclusief de trekvlinders (Lepidoptera). (Overview of interesting macro-Lepidoptera including migrating Lepidoptera recorded in the years 2002 - 2005)" type="journal article" year="2008">VOS et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, this paper). It looks that the current distribution area is located only in the small north-western part of the country delimited by large rivers – the Waal in the south and the Ijssel in the east. In the past,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC73FFFA53939137FA914928" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1761" box="[1215,1295,1114,1137]" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dumi">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC73FFFA53939137FA914928" box="[1215,1295,1114,1137]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">L. dumi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was reported also from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="940FD485EC73FFFA54869117FBD649C8" box="[938,1096,1146,1169]" country="Netherlands" name="Noord-Brabant" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">Noord-Brabant</collectingRegion>
|
||
in the south of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2EDC5AF7EC73FFFA53D99117FA0249C8" box="[1269,1436,1146,1169]" name="Netherlands" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">the Netherlands</collectingCountry>
|
||
but it has not been confirmed there since 1895 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="325A6796EC73FFFA521891F7FCEB4988" author="VOS" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="VOS" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Berichten (Amsterdam)" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" pagination="158 - 169" part="68" refId="ref4737" refString="VOS R. DE, ELLIS W., GROENENDIJK D., POST F. & ZWIER J. 2008: Overzicht van in 2002 - 2005 waargenomen interessante macrovlinders, inclusief de trekvlinders (Lepidoptera). (Overview of interesting macro-Lepidoptera including migrating Lepidoptera recorded in the years 2002 - 2005) Entomologische Berichten (Amsterdam) 68: 158 - 169 (in Dutch, English summary)." title="Overzicht van in 2002 - 2005 waargenomen interessante macrovlinders, inclusief de trekvlinders (Lepidoptera). (Overview of interesting macro-Lepidoptera including migrating Lepidoptera recorded in the years 2002 - 2005)" type="journal article" year="2008">VOS et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="325A6796EC73FFFA533891D7FB4C4988" author="SCHAFFERS" box="[1044,1234,1210,1233]" firstAuthor="SCHAFFERS" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" pagination="20 - 22" refId="ref4668" refString="SCHAFFERS J. 1995: De Herfstspinner weer in Nederland. [The Patrician's Shrub Moth back in the Netherlands]. Vlinders 10 (2): 20 - 22 (in Dutch)." type="journal article" year="1995">SCHAFFERS (1995)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
the last occurrence of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC73FFFA547B91B7FC3849A8" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1761" box="[855,934,1242,1265]" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dumi">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC73FFFA547B91B7FC3849A8" box="[855,934,1242,1265]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">L. dumi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2EDC5AF7EC73FFFA54E991B7FBF649A8" box="[965,1128,1242,1265]" name="Netherlands" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">the Netherlands</collectingCountry>
|
||
before discovery in Hoge Veluwe originated from Swalmen in the
|
||
<collectingRegion id="940FD485EC73FFFA53ED9197FAFA4848" box="[1217,1380,1274,1297]" country="Netherlands" name="Limburg" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">Limburg region</collectingRegion>
|
||
from 1956. However, most probably all these records belong to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC73FFFA54109057FC154808" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1761" box="[828,907,1338,1361]" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dumi">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC73FFFA54109057FC154808" box="[828,907,1338,1361]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">L. dumi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, not to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC73FFFA54F69057FBF84808" authorityName="Šumpich & Jagelka" authorityYear="2021" box="[986,1126,1338,1361]" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batavorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC73FFFA54F69057FBF84808" box="[986,1126,1338,1361]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">L. batavorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, similarly to the records from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2EDC5AF7EC73FFFA54109037FC084828" box="[828,918,1370,1393]" name="Belgium" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">Belgium</collectingCountry>
|
||
and northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2EDC5AF7EC73FFFA530A9037FBF34828" box="[1062,1133,1370,1393]" name="France" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">France</collectingCountry>
|
||
(cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="325A6796EC73FFFA53B19037FAB04828" author="LEBRUN" box="[1181,1326,1370,1393]" firstAuthor="LEBRUN" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" pagination="27 - 29" refId="ref4538" refString="LEBRUN J. 2007: Une observation remarquable pour la Picardie et le Nord de la France: Lemonia dumi (L., 1761) dans l'Oise (Lepidoptera Lemoniidae). L'Entomologiste 63 (1): 27 - 29." type="journal article" year="2007">LEBRUN 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="325A6796EC73FFFA52149037FC5E48C8" author="JOSEPH & JUGAN" firstAuthor="JOSEPH" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" pagination="16 - 19" refId="ref4382" refString="JOSEPH C. & JUGAN D. 2012: Lemonia dumi L., la Brune du pissenlit: la fin d'un mythe (Lep. Brahmaeidae). Oreina 19: 16 - 19." type="journal article" year="2012">JOSEPH & JUGAN 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). We also did not find any voucher specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC73FFFA547B90F7FC7C48E8" authorityName="Šumpich & Jagelka" authorityYear="2021" box="[855,994,1434,1457]" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="batavorum">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC73FFFA547B90F7FC7C48E8" box="[855,994,1434,1457]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">L. batavorum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from northwest
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2EDC5AF7EC73FFFA53A790F7FB7048E8" box="[1163,1262,1434,1457]" name="Germany" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">Germany</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The moths from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2EDC5AF7EC73FFFA541090D7FC034888" box="[828,925,1466,1489]" name="Denmark" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">Denmark</collectingCountry>
|
||
definitely belong to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC73FFFA534790D7FB264888" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1761" box="[1131,1208,1466,1489]" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dumi">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC73FFFA534790D7FB264888" box="[1131,1208,1466,1489]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">L. dumi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. We examined several specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC73FFFA54E190B7FB8148A8" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1761" box="[973,1055,1498,1521]" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dumi">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC73FFFA54E190B7FB8148A8" box="[973,1055,1498,1521]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">L. dumi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from a small area in North
|
||
<collectingRegion id="940FD485EC73FFFA526490B7FA0348A8" box="[1352,1437,1498,1521]" country="Denmark" name="Sjaelland" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">Zealand</collectingRegion>
|
||
(coll. ZMUC) where it occurred in a large population in the past but it has not been collected there since 1980, and at present this species is considered most probably extinct within the whole
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2EDC5AF7EC73FFFA54D89337FBC84B28" box="[1012,1110,1626,1649]" name="Denmark" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">Denmark</collectingCountry>
|
||
(recent records from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2EDC5AF7EC73FFFA52179337FA034B28" box="[1339,1437,1626,1649]" name="Denmark" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">Denmark</collectingCountry>
|
||
are based on more or less doubtful observations, without voucher specimens) (O. Karsholt, pers. comm.).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="1ED149ECEC73FFFA541093D7FA864548" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="56741A67EC73FFFA541093D7FA864548" blockId="7.[827,1437,986,2065]" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC73FFFA541093D7FC3F4B88" bold="true" box="[828,929,1722,1745]" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">Remark.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="91CB61E4EC73FFFA548793D7FBD44B88" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1761" box="[939,1098,1722,1745]" class="Insecta" family="Lemoniidae" genus="Lemonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dumi">
|
||
<emphasis id="64BFC675EC73FFFA548793D7FBD44B88" box="[939,1098,1722,1745]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">Lemonia dumi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has not been protected in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="2EDC5AF7EC73FFFA525793D7FC234BA8" name="Netherlands" pageId="7" pageNumber="490">the Netherlands</collectingCountry>
|
||
so far (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="325A6796EC73FFFA532393B7FB2B4BA8" author="VOS" box="[1039,1205,1754,1777]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="VOS" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Berichten (Amsterdam)" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" pagination="158 - 169" part="68" refId="ref4737" refString="VOS R. DE, ELLIS W., GROENENDIJK D., POST F. & ZWIER J. 2008: Overzicht van in 2002 - 2005 waargenomen interessante macrovlinders, inclusief de trekvlinders (Lepidoptera). (Overview of interesting macro-Lepidoptera including migrating Lepidoptera recorded in the years 2002 - 2005) Entomologische Berichten (Amsterdam) 68: 158 - 169 (in Dutch, English summary)." title="Overzicht van in 2002 - 2005 waargenomen interessante macrovlinders, inclusief de trekvlinders (Lepidoptera). (Overview of interesting macro-Lepidoptera including migrating Lepidoptera recorded in the years 2002 - 2005)" type="journal article" year="2008">VOS et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) although the species was very rare and potentially endangered there. Currently it occurs only in De Hoge Veluwe National Park (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="325A6796EC73FFFA52049277FCEA4A08" author="SCHAFFERS" firstAuthor="SCHAFFERS" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" pagination="20 - 22" refId="ref4668" refString="SCHAFFERS J. 1995: De Herfstspinner weer in Nederland. [The Patrician's Shrub Moth back in the Netherlands]. Vlinders 10 (2): 20 - 22 (in Dutch)." type="journal article" year="1995">SCHAFFERS 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="325A6796EC73FFFA54AC9257FBB64A08" author="VOS" box="[896,1064,1850,1873]" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="VOS" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" pagination="27 - 33" refId="ref4811" refString="VOS R. DE, ZWIER J. & GROENENDIJK D. 2007: Overzicht van in 2001 waargenomen interessante macronachtvlinders (Lepidoptera). (Overview of interesting macro-moths (Lepidoptera) in The Netherlands in 2001). Entomologische Berichten (Amsterdam) 67: 27 - 33 (in Dutch, English summary)." type="journal article" year="2007">VOS et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="325A6796EC73FFFA53189257FBF54A08" author="VOS" box="[1076,1131,1850,1873]" firstAuthor="VOS" journalOrPublisher="Entomologische Berichten (Amsterdam)" pageId="7" pageNumber="490" pagination="158 - 169" part="68" refId="ref4737" refString="VOS R. DE, ELLIS W., GROENENDIJK D., POST F. & ZWIER J. 2008: Overzicht van in 2002 - 2005 waargenomen interessante macrovlinders, inclusief de trekvlinders (Lepidoptera). (Overview of interesting macro-Lepidoptera including migrating Lepidoptera recorded in the years 2002 - 2005) Entomologische Berichten (Amsterdam) 68: 158 - 169 (in Dutch, English summary)." title="Overzicht van in 2002 - 2005 waargenomen interessante macrovlinders, inclusief de trekvlinders (Lepidoptera). (Overview of interesting macro-Lepidoptera including migrating Lepidoptera recorded in the years 2002 - 2005)" type="journal article" year="2008">2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) where it has been recorded on several sites (https://www.vlinderstichting.nl/vlinders/ overzicht-vlinders/details-vlinder/herfstspinner). Considering that the current Dutch populations are here placed to a separate species, its strict protection and especially active support of its habitats (or sites of its potential occurrence) is absolutely necessary to save its gene pool.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |