520 lines
74 KiB
XML
520 lines
74 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="5B05A0D879DCBDA72DD19680C2A4A141">Stylasterids (Hydrozoa: Stylasteridae) from Mar del Plata submarine canyon and adjacent area (southwestern Atlantic), with a key to the species off Argentina</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="D97810780E30AD505C92131542245719">Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “ Bernardino Rivadavia ” - CONICET-Av. Ángel Gallardo 470, C 1405 DJR, Buenos Aires, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="0A113563CF8E923001F91BD27E1397C8">Cairns, S. D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7321577DAC3A96BC5D49B01A554FE5E7">Department of Invertebrate Zoology, Smithsonian Institution- 10 th St. & Constitution Ave. NW, Washington DC, 20560 USA cairnss @ si. edu; http: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 7209 - 9271</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="7F21B523089F95ABABB6F303FC7ABEFD">Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales “ Bernardino Rivadavia ” - CONICET-Av. Ángel Gallardo 470, C 1405 DJR, Buenos Aires, Argentina & pablopench @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2043 - 8814</mods:affiliation>
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<emphasis id="24B2F8704951BA20FF0440C733B7FD97" bold="true" box="[151,386,505,532]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Stellapora echinata</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="725759934951BA20FE0140C73076FD90" author="Moseley, H. N." box="[402,579,505,531]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="425 - 503" refId="ref31337" refString="Moseley, H. N. 1879 (1878) On the structure of the Stylasteridae, a family of the hydroid stony corals. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 169, 425 - 503. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rstl. 1878.0014." type="journal article" year="1879">Moseley, 1879</bibRefCitation>
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)
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(
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<figureCitation id="8EFD38E74951BA20FF0C432032C8FDBB" box="[159,253,542,568]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1933,1957]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-26@32.[151,1435,181,1910]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 18. Colony of Stellapora echinata." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4751319" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4751319/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Figs. 18</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="8EFD38E74951BA20FE9A43203313FDBB" box="[265,294,542,568]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1886,1910]" captionTargetBox="[169,1418,181,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-18@33.[169,1418,181,1862]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 19. Stellapora echinata. (a) Branch cross section revealing gastrostyles, dactylopore spines and ampullae cavities. (b) Gastrostyles. (c) Surface of colony displaying flush gastropores, slightly raised dactylopores, dactylopore spines and ampullae. (d) Longitudinal slit on dactylopore spine. (e) Laterally-fused dactylopore spines forming transluscent lamella. (f) Coenosteal pores and perforated slits. (g) Stellate gastropores, coenosteal pores and flush/slightly raised dactylopores." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4751321" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4751321/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">19</figureCitation>
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)
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<taxonomicName id="D1C65FE14951BA20FF04435D306CFDF9" ID-CoL="4Z5KD" authority="Moseley 1879: 447 - 449" authorityName="Moseley" authorityPageNumber="447 - 449" authorityYear="1879" box="[151,601,610,634]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Spinipora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="echinata">
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<emphasis id="24B2F8704951BA20FF04435D336CFDF9" box="[151,345,610,634]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Spinipora echinata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="725759934951BA20FEF3435C306CFDF9" author="Moseley, H. N." box="[352,601,610,634]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="425 - 503" refId="ref31337" refString="Moseley, H. N. 1879 (1878) On the structure of the Stylasteridae, a family of the hydroid stony corals. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 169, 425 - 503. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rstl. 1878.0014." type="journal article" year="1879">Moseley 1879: 447–449</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 34, fig. 3, pl. 35, fig. 4, pl. 38;
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<treatmentCitation id="976702734951BA20FC2D435C36ABFDF9" author="Moseley, H. N." box="[958,1182,610,634]" page="55" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1881">
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<bibRefCitation id="725759934951BA20FC2D435C36ABFDF9" author="Moseley, H. N." box="[958,1182,610,634]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 248" refId="ref31390" refString="Moseley, H. N. (1881) Report on certain hydroid, alcyonarian, and madreporarian corals procured during the voyage of H. M. S. Challenger, in the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during the Years 1873 - 76. Zoology, 2, 1 - 248." type="journal article" year="1881">Moseley 1881: 55–57</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 1, fig. 3, pl. 2, fig. 4, pl. 5;
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<treatmentCitation id="976702734951BA20FE9143BF33F9FD1A" author="Boschma, H." box="[258,460,641,665]" page="293" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1964">
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<bibRefCitation id="725759934951BA20FE9143BF33F9FD1A" author="Boschma, H." box="[258,460,641,665]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="287 - 300" refId="ref29451" refString="Boschma, H. (1964) Notes on the stylasterine coral Errina labiata. Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, Series C, 67 (5), 287 - 300." type="journal article" year="1964">Boschma 1964: 293</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="167924624951BA20FF04439E313FFD3B" blockId="31.[151,1437,610,910]" box="[151,778,671,696]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="36D6034C4951BA20FF04439E313FFD3B" box="[151,778,671,696]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<treatmentCitation id="976702734951BA20FF04439E30B1FD3B" author="Hickson, S. J." box="[151,644,672,696]" page="881" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1912">
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<taxonomicName id="D1C65FE14951BA20FF04439E30B1FD3B" ID-CoL="8752Q" authority=": Hickson 1912: 881" authorityName="Hickson" authorityPageNumber="881" authorityYear="1912" box="[151,644,672,696]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="echinata" subGenus="Spinipora">
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<emphasis id="24B2F8704951BA20FF04439E3386FD3B" box="[151,435,672,696]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Errina (Spinipora) echinata</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="725759934951BA20FE52439E30B1FD3B" author="Hickson, S. J." box="[449,644,672,696]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="876 - 896" refId="ref30691" refString="Hickson, S. J. (1912) On the Hydrocoralline genus Errina. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 82, 876 - 896. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.1912. tb 07565. x." type="journal article" year="1912">Hickson 1912: 881</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 95, fig. 8
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<paragraph id="167924624951BA20FF0443813164FD55" blockId="31.[151,1437,610,910]" box="[151,849,702,726]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="36D6034C4951BA20FF0443813164FD55" box="[151,849,702,726]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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Not
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<treatmentCitation id="976702734951BA20FF57438130FFFD55" author="Hickson, S. J. & England, H. M." box="[196,714,702,726]" page="352" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1909">
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<taxonomicName id="D1C65FE14951BA20FF57438130FFFD55" ID-CoL="4Z5KD" authority=": Hickson & England 1909: 352" authorityName=": Hickson & England" authorityYear="1909" box="[196,714,702,726]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Spinipora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="echinata">
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<emphasis id="24B2F8704951BA20FF57438133B0FD55" box="[196,389,702,726]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Spinipora echinata</emphasis>
|
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:
|
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<bibRefCitation id="725759934951BA20FE01438030FFFD55" author="Hickson, S. J. & England, H. M." box="[402,714,702,726]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="345 - 354" refId="ref30772" refString="Hickson, S. J. & England, H. M. (1909) The Stylasterina of the Indian Ocean. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 2 nd Series, Zoology, 12, 345 - 354. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1909. tb 00146. x." type="journal article" year="1909">Hickson & England 1909: 352</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 44, fig. 8
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="167924624951BA20FF0443E0300DFC97" blockId="31.[151,1437,610,910]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="36D6034C4951BA20FF0443E0300DFC97" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
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<treatmentCitation id="976702734951BA20FF0443E03023FD76" author="Boschma, H." box="[151,534,733,757]" page="293" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1964">
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<taxonomicName id="D1C65FE14951BA20FF0443E03023FD76" ID-CoL="8752Q" authority=": Boschma 1964: 293" authorityName="Boschma" authorityPageNumber="293" authorityYear="1964" box="[151,534,733,757]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="echinata">
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<emphasis id="24B2F8704951BA20FF0443E0330CFD76" box="[151,313,733,757]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Errina echinata</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="725759934951BA20FEDB43E33023FD76" author="Boschma, H." box="[328,534,733,757]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="287 - 300" refId="ref29451" refString="Boschma, H. (1964) Notes on the stylasterine coral Errina labiata. Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, Series C, 67 (5), 287 - 300." type="journal article" year="1964">Boschma 1964: 293</bibRefCitation>
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, 298;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="976702734951BA20FDC543E3312DFD76" author="Boschma, H." box="[598,792,733,757]" page="53" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1957">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="725759934951BA20FDC543E3312DFD76" author="Boschma, H." box="[598,792,733,757]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 72" refId="ref29381" refString="Boschma, H. (1957) List of the described species of the order Stylasterina. Zoologische Verhandelingen, Leiden, 33, 1 - 72." type="journal article" year="1957">Boschma 1957: 53</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="976702734951BA20FCB743E33674FD76" author="Boschma, H. & Lowe, T. P." box="[804,1089,733,757]" page="15" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1969">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="725759934951BA20FCB743E33674FD76" author="Boschma, H. & Lowe, T. P." box="[804,1089,733,757]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="14 - 15" refId="ref29513" refString="Boschma, H. & Lowe, T. P. (1969) Distribution of selected groups of marine invertebrates in waters south of 35 ° S latitude: Stylasterina. Antarctic Map Folio Ser. American Geographical Society, New York, 11, 14 - 15." type="journal article" year="1969">Boschma & Lowe 1969: 15</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, pl. 5, map 2;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="976702734951BA20FB4443E332C5FC90" author="Broch, H." page="125" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1951">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="725759934951BA20FB4443E332C5FC90" author="Broch, H." pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="125 - 127" refId="ref29638" refString="Broch, H. (1951 b) Some nomenclatorial corrections to " Investigations on Stylasteridae (Hydrocorals) " 1942. Zoologische Mededeelingen, Leiden, 31 (12), 125 - 127." type="journal article" year="1951">Broch 1951b: 125– 126</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="976702734951BA20FF6843C233F1FC97" author="Zamponi, M. O." box="[251,452,764,788]" page="188" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="2008">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="725759934951BA20FF6843C233F1FC97" author="Zamponi, M. O." box="[251,452,764,788]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="183 - 203" refId="ref32698" refString="Zamponi, M. O. (2008) La Corriente de Malvinas:? una via de dispersion para cnidarios bentonicos de aguas frias?. Revista Real Academia Galega de Ciencias 27, 183 - 203." type="journal article" year="2008">Zamponi 2008: 188</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, 198, fig. 9
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="167924624951BA20FF0442253124FCD2" blockId="31.[151,1437,610,910]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="36D6034C4951BA20FF0442253124FCD2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D1C65FE14951BA20FF04422530B7FCB1" ID-CoL="8752Q" authority=": Boschma 1956" authorityName=": Boschma" authorityYear="1956" box="[151,642,794,818]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="echinata" subGenus="Inferiolabiata">
|
||
<emphasis id="24B2F8704951BA20FF04422533EEFCB1" box="[151,475,794,818]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Errina (Inferiolabiata) echinata</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="725759934951BA20FE7B422430B7FCB1" author="Boschma, H." box="[488,642,794,818]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="106" refId="ref29330" refString="Boschma, H. (1956) Milleporina and Stylasterina. In: Moore, R. C. (Ed.), Treatise on invertebrate paleontology, Part F, Coelenterata. Geological Society of America, Lawrence, Kansas, pp. F 90 - F 106." type="book chapter" year="1956">Boschma 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: F102–F103, figs. 84, 1b–c;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="976702734951BA20FC314224365AFCB1" author="Boschma, H." box="[930,1135,794,818]" page="294" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1964">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="725759934951BA20FC314224365AFCB1" author="Boschma, H." box="[930,1135,794,818]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="287 - 300" refId="ref29451" refString="Boschma, H. (1964) Notes on the stylasterine coral Errina labiata. Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, Series C, 67 (5), 287 - 300." type="journal article" year="1964">Boschma 1964: 294</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="976702734951BA20FBEB42243752FCB1" author="Cairns, S. D." box="[1144,1383,794,818]" page="107" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1983">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="725759934951BA20FBEB42243752FCB1" author="Cairns, S. D." box="[1144,1383,794,818]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="61 - 164" refId="ref29674" refString="Cairns, S. D. (1983 a) Antarctic and Subantarctic Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Biology of the Antarctic Seas XIII. Antarctic Research Series, 38 (2), 61 - 164." type="journal article" year="1983">Cairns 1983a: 107–109</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, figs. 22b–c, 24a–h, 25a–b, map 7;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="976702734951BA20FE6042073124FCD2" author="Rio Iglesias, J. L. & Acosta & Yepes J. & Cristobo Rodriguez, J. & Martinez Portela, J. & Parra Descalzo, S. & Tel E. & Vinas Dieguez, L. & Munoz Recio, A. & Vilela Perez, R. & Jimenez, E. E. & Ibarrola, T. P. & Rios Lopez, P. & Almon Pazos, B. & Blanco Perez, R. & Murillo Perez, J. & Polonio Povedano, V. & Fernandez Feijoo, J. & Cabanas, J. M. & Gago Pineiro, J. M. & Gonzalez-Nuevo Gonzales, G. & Cabrero Rodriguez, A. & Besada Montenegro, M. V. & Schultze Prado, F. & Franco Hernandez, A. & Bargiela Barros, J. & Garcia Blanco, X." box="[499,785,825,849]" page="191" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="2012">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="725759934951BA20FE6042073124FCD2" author="Rio Iglesias, J. L. & Acosta & Yepes J. & Cristobo Rodriguez, J. & Martinez Portela, J. & Parra Descalzo, S. & Tel E. & Vinas Dieguez, L. & Munoz Recio, A. & Vilela Perez, R. & Jimenez, E. E. & Ibarrola, T. P. & Rios Lopez, P. & Almon Pazos, B. & Blanco Perez, R. & Murillo Perez, J. & Polonio Povedano, V. & Fernandez Feijoo, J. & Cabanas, J. M. & Gago Pineiro, J. M. & Gonzalez-Nuevo Gonzales, G. & Cabrero Rodriguez, A. & Besada Montenegro, M. V. & Schultze Prado, F. & Franco Hernandez, A. & Bargiela Barros, J. & Garcia Blanco, X." box="[499,785,825,849]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" refId="ref32029" refString="Rio Iglesias, J. L., Acosta, Yepes J., Cristobo Rodriguez, J., Martinez Portela, J., Parra Descalzo, S., Tel E., Vinas Dieguez, L., Munoz Recio, A., Vilela Perez, R., Jimenez, E. E., Ibarrola, T. P., Rios Lopez, P., Almon Pazos, B., Blanco Perez, R., Murillo Perez, J., Polonio Povedano, V., Fernandez Feijoo, J., Cabanas, J. M., Gago Pineiro, J. M., Gonzalez-Nuevo Gonzales, G., Cabrero Rodriguez, A., Besada Montenegro, M. V., Schultze Prado, F., Franco Hernandez, A., Bargiela Barros, J. & Garcia Blanco, X. (2012) Estudio de los ecosistemas marinos vulnerables en aguas internacionales del Atlantico sudoccidental. Instituto Espanol de Oceanografia. Temas de Oceanografia 6, Instituto Espanol de Oceanografia, 283 pp." type="book" year="2012">
|
||
Río Iglesias
|
||
<emphasis id="24B2F8704951BA20FDE1420430ABFCD2" box="[626,670,825,849]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2012: 191
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="167924624951BA20FF04426633CEFC0D" blockId="31.[151,1437,610,910]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="36D6034C4951BA20FF04426633CEFC0D" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="976702734951BA20FF044266301DFCF3" author="Cairns, S. D." box="[151,552,856,880]" page="428" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="1983">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D1C65FE14951BA20FF044266301DFCF3" ID-CoL="6ZJ2H" authority=": Cairns 1983 b: 428" authorityName=": Cairns" authorityPageNumber="428" authorityYear="1983" box="[151,552,856,880]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stellapora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="echinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="24B2F8704951BA20FF044266336BFCF3" box="[151,350,856,880]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Stellapora echinata</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="725759934951BA20FEF84266301DFCF3" author="Cairns, S. D." box="[363,552,856,880]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="427 - 508" refId="ref29714" refString="Cairns, S. D. (1983 b) A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera. Bulletin of Marine Science, 33 (2), 427 - 508." type="journal article" year="1983">Cairns 1983b: 428</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, table 1, 454–455, figs. 9a–i, 25i; Cairns & Macintryre 1992: 98, table 1;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="976702734951BA20FA8242663354FC0D" author="Bax, N. & Cairns, S. D." page="108" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" year="2014">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="725759934951BA20FA8242663354FC0D" author="Bax, N. & Cairns, S. D." pageId="31" pageNumber="32" pagination="107 - 112" refId="ref29073" refString="Bax, N. & Cairns, S. D. (2014) Chapter 5.7. Stylasteridae (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). In: De Broyer, C., Koubbi, P., Griffiths, H. J., Raymond, B., Udekem d'Acoz, C. d', Van de Putte, A. P., Danis, B., David, B., Grant, S., Gutt, J., Held, C., Hosie, G., Huettmann, F., Post, A., Ropert-Coudert, Y. (Eds.), Biogeographic Atlas of the Southern Ocean. Scientific Committee on Antarctic Research, Cambridge, pp. 107 - 112." type="book chapter" year="2014">Bax & Cairns 2014: 108–110</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
, table 1, map 4
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="5EDC77E94951BA20FF04428233DEFC78" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="167924624951BA20FF04428233DEFC78" blockId="31.[151,1437,956,2027]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="24B2F8704951BA20FF0442823304FC55" bold="true" box="[151,305,956,982]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
Off Mar del Plata,
|
||
<quantity id="D13E89874951BA20FD9F42833051FC54" box="[524,612,957,983]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.097" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="1097.0">1097 m</quantity>
|
||
; Patagonia, 42 S to 48 S; Burdwood Bank,
|
||
<quantity id="D13E89874951BA20FBDD428236EBFC54" box="[1102,1246,956,983]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.002" metricValueMax="1.6469999999999998" metricValueMin="0.357" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="1002.0" valueMax="1647.0" valueMin="357.0">357–1647 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="24B2F8704951BA20FB7A428333DEFC78" bold="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
New record off Mar del Plata,
|
||
<quantity id="D13E89874951BA20FED942DE33D3FC78" box="[330,486,992,1019]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2165000000000001" metricValueMax="1.2890000000000001" metricValueMin="1.1440000000000001" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="1216.5" valueMax="1289.0" valueMin="1144.0">1144–1289 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="5EDC77E94951BA20FF54453A366BFB08" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="167924624951BA20FF54453A366BFB08" blockId="31.[151,1437,956,2027]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="24B2F8704951BA20FF54453A3380FB9D" bold="true" box="[199,437,1028,1054]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="A6AE2E3F4951BA20FE53453B3728FBC0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3118649301" collectingDate="2013-05" collectionCode="USNM" country="Argentina" county="Mar del Plata" elevation="1289" latitude="-37.958466" location="Burdwood Bank" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-54.39982" municipality="Eltanin St." pageId="31" pageNumber="32" specimenCode="USNM 59945" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<specimenCode id="46608C194951BA20FE53453B3057FB9C" box="[448,610,1028,1055]" collectionCode="USNM" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="Museum">USNM 59945</specimenCode>
|
||
off
|
||
<location id="131972B94951BA20FD0B453A3162FB9D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9E6F95744951BA1DFF0440C732C5FC02:131972B94951BA20FD0B453A3162FB9D" box="[664,855,1028,1054]" country="Argentina" county="Mar del Plata" latitude="-37.958466" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-54.39982" municipality="Eltanin St." name="Burdwood Bank" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Burdwood Bank</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="F61DBE184951BA20FCF4453A31D6FB9C" box="[871,995,1028,1055]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="24B2F8704951BA20FCF4453A318CFB9D" box="[871,953,1028,1054]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Eltanin</emphasis>
|
||
St.
|
||
</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
1593 (54° 43–42’ S, 56° 37–39’ W); MACN-In 40657 off
|
||
<collectingCounty id="FF185CEE4951BA20FE1745173029FBC1" box="[388,540,1064,1091]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Mar del Plata</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="6ED164F24951BA20FDB7451630A3FBC1" box="[548,662,1064,1090]" name="Argentina" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
, St. 36 (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="73F242A54951BA20FD7C451731B2FBC0" box="[751,903,1064,1091]" degrees="37" direction="south" minutes="57.508" orientation="latitude" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" precision="1" value="-37.958466">37º 57.508’ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="73F242A54951BA20FC0145163600FBC0" box="[914,1077,1064,1091]" degrees="54" direction="west" minutes="23.989" orientation="longitude" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" precision="1" value="-54.39982">54º 23.989’ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<quantity id="D13E89874951BA20FBD4451736ABFBC0" box="[1095,1182,1065,1091]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.289" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="1289.0">
|
||
<elevation id="9DEBC3514951BA20FBD4451736ABFBC0" box="[1095,1182,1065,1091]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.289" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="1289.0">1289 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="627802A24951BA20FB3B45173728FBC0" box="[1192,1309,1065,1091]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" value="2013-05">
|
||
<collectingDate id="723CFB4A4951BA20FB3B45173728FBC0" box="[1192,1309,1065,1091]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" value="2013-05">May 2013</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="A6AE2E3F4951BA20FAB44517369CFBE4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3118649323" collectingDate="2013-05" collectionCode="USNM" country="Argentina" elevation="1245" latitude="-37.90075" location="Mar del Plata" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-54.401516" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" specimenCount="1">
|
||
MACN-In 42511 off
|
||
<location id="131972B94951BA20FE9A45733397FBE5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9E6F95744951BA1DFF0440C732C5FC02:131972B94951BA20FE9A45733397FBE5" box="[265,418,1100,1127]" country="Argentina" latitude="-37.90075" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-54.401516" name="Mar del Plata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Mar del Plata</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="6ED164F24951BA20FE3845723028FBE5" box="[427,541,1100,1126]" name="Argentina" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
, St. 35 (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="73F242A54951BA20FDE445733125FBE4" box="[631,784,1100,1127]" degrees="37" direction="south" minutes="54.045" orientation="latitude" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" precision="1" value="-37.90075">37º 54.045’ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="73F242A54951BA20FC8F4572318AFBE4" box="[796,959,1100,1127]" degrees="54" direction="west" minutes="24.091" orientation="longitude" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" precision="1" value="-54.401516">54º 24.091’ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<quantity id="D13E89874951BA20FC414572361CFBE4" box="[978,1065,1100,1127]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2449999999999999" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="1245.0">
|
||
<elevation id="9DEBC3514951BA20FC414572361CFBE4" box="[978,1065,1100,1127]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2449999999999999" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="1245.0">1245 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="627802A24951BA20FBA74573369CFBE4" box="[1076,1193,1101,1127]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" value="2013-05">
|
||
<collectingDate id="723CFB4A4951BA20FBA74573369CFBE4" box="[1076,1193,1101,1127]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" value="2013-05">May 2013</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="A6AE2E3F4951BA20FB274573366FFB08" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3118649319" collectingDate="2012-08" collectionCode="USNM" country="Argentina" elevation="1144" latitude="-37.96512" location="Mar del Plata" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-54.532017" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" specimenCount="1">
|
||
MACN-In 42512 off
|
||
<location id="131972B94951BA20FF04454F3304FB09" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9E6F95744951BA1DFF0440C732C5FC02:131972B94951BA20FF04454F3304FB09" box="[151,305,1136,1163]" country="Argentina" latitude="-37.96512" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-54.532017" name="Mar del Plata" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Mar del Plata</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="6ED164F24951BA20FEA9454E3399FB09" box="[314,428,1136,1162]" name="Argentina" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Argentina</collectingCountry>
|
||
, St. 12 (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="73F242A54951BA20FD9B454F3097FB08" box="[520,674,1136,1163]" degrees="37" direction="south" minutes="57.907" orientation="latitude" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" precision="1" value="-37.96512">37º 57.907’ S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="73F242A54951BA20FD3D454E3166FB08" box="[686,851,1136,1163]" degrees="54" direction="west" minutes="31.921" orientation="longitude" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" precision="1" value="-54.532017">54º 31.921’ W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<quantity id="D13E89874951BA20FCF5454F3189FB08" box="[870,956,1137,1163]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.144" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="1144.0">
|
||
<elevation id="9DEBC3514951BA20FCF5454F3189FB08" box="[870,956,1137,1163]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.144" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="1144.0">1144 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="627802A24951BA20FC55454F366FFB08" box="[966,1114,1137,1163]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" value="2012-08">
|
||
<collectingDate id="723CFB4A4951BA20FC55454F366FFB08" box="[966,1114,1137,1163]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" value="2012-08">August 2012</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="5EDC77E94951BA1DFF5445AA334AFF7A" lastPageId="34" lastPageNumber="35" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="167924624951BA20FF5445AA30F4FA99" blockId="31.[151,1437,956,2027]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis id="24B2F8704951BA20FF5445AA336CFB2D" bold="true" box="[199,345,1172,1198]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
Colonies robust and large (
|
||
<figureCitation id="8EFD38E74951BA20FD0A45AA30DAFB2C" box="[665,751,1172,1199]" captionStart="FIGURE 18" captionStartId="32.[151,250,1933,1957]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-26@32.[151,1435,181,1910]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIGURE 18. Colony of Stellapora echinata." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4751319" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4751319/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
|
||
). Branches thick, blunt-tipped and very close to each other, sometimes anastomosing. Growth mainly uniplanar. Branches round to slightly elliptical in cross section, with larger axis generally parallel to plane of growth. Largest basal branch measured 2.2 x
|
||
<quantity id="D13E89874951BA20FBC245E336A8FB74" box="[1105,1181,1245,1271]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="cm" value="1.8">1.8 cm</quantity>
|
||
wide, attached to dead specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D1C65FE14951BA20FEB5443E33D3FA99" box="[294,486,1280,1306]" class="Anthozoa" family="Oculinidae" genus="Bathelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="candida">
|
||
<emphasis id="24B2F8704951BA20FEB5443E33D3FA99" box="[294,486,1280,1306]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Bathelia candida</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by expansive base.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="167924624951BA20FF54441B30ABFA4C" blockId="31.[151,1437,956,2027]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
Coenosteum white and prickly. Microtexture granular to imbricate in some sections. Granules irregularlyshaped, sometimes pyramidal. Coenosteal strips poorly defined. Ocassionally short, straight and shallow slits are present, perforated by one or two pores
|
||
<quantity id="D13E89874951BA20FDCB445230FEFA04" box="[600,715,1388,1415]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.85" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="38.5" valueMax="55.0" valueMin="22.0">22–55 µm</quantity>
|
||
wide aligned within them (
|
||
<figureCitation id="8EFD38E74951BA20FB924452366BFA04" box="[1025,1118,1388,1415]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1886,1910]" captionTargetBox="[169,1418,181,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-18@33.[169,1418,181,1862]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 19. Stellapora echinata. (a) Branch cross section revealing gastrostyles, dactylopore spines and ampullae cavities. (b) Gastrostyles. (c) Surface of colony displaying flush gastropores, slightly raised dactylopores, dactylopore spines and ampullae. (d) Longitudinal slit on dactylopore spine. (e) Laterally-fused dactylopore spines forming transluscent lamella. (f) Coenosteal pores and perforated slits. (g) Stellate gastropores, coenosteal pores and flush/slightly raised dactylopores." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4751321" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4751321/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 19f</figureCitation>
|
||
). In these cases the width of a strip delimited by two parallel slits may be measured (around
|
||
<quantity id="D13E89874951BA20FCF744AF318AFA28" box="[868,959,1425,1451]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
). These pores are also present in a random distribution on coenosteum surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="8EFD38E74951BA20FDBC448A30A4FA4C" box="[559,657,1460,1487]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1886,1910]" captionTargetBox="[169,1418,181,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-18@33.[169,1418,181,1862]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 19. Stellapora echinata. (a) Branch cross section revealing gastrostyles, dactylopore spines and ampullae cavities. (b) Gastrostyles. (c) Surface of colony displaying flush gastropores, slightly raised dactylopores, dactylopore spines and ampullae. (d) Longitudinal slit on dactylopore spine. (e) Laterally-fused dactylopore spines forming transluscent lamella. (f) Coenosteal pores and perforated slits. (g) Stellate gastropores, coenosteal pores and flush/slightly raised dactylopores." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4751321" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4751321/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<quantity id="D13E89874951BA20FDF7448B30A4FA4C" box="[612,657,1461,1487]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.9" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="g" value="19.0">19g</quantity>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="167924624951BA20FF5444E7333BF96C" blockId="31.[151,1437,956,2027]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
Gastropores and dactylopores abundant, distributed uniformly on coenosteal surface, although less abundant on posterior side. Gastropores
|
||
<quantity id="D13E89874951BA20FE6E44C23091F994" box="[509,676,1532,1559]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.699999999999999" metricValueMax="6.1" metricValueMin="3.3" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="0.47" valueMax="0.61" valueMin="0.33">0.33–0.61 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide (average
|
||
<quantity id="D13E89874951BA20FCC844C331F1F994" box="[859,964,1533,1559]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="0.48">0.48 mm</quantity>
|
||
, n=45, σ=0.07) and of
|
||
<specimenCount id="00C0EFEB4951BA20FB4B44C33779F994" box="[1240,1356,1533,1559]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="generic" typeStatus="types">two types</specimenCount>
|
||
: round and stellate (
|
||
<figureCitation id="8EFD38E74951BA20FEB8471E33A5F9B8" box="[299,400,1568,1595]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1886,1910]" captionTargetBox="[169,1418,181,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-18@33.[169,1418,181,1862]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 19. Stellapora echinata. (a) Branch cross section revealing gastrostyles, dactylopore spines and ampullae cavities. (b) Gastrostyles. (c) Surface of colony displaying flush gastropores, slightly raised dactylopores, dactylopore spines and ampullae. (d) Longitudinal slit on dactylopore spine. (e) Laterally-fused dactylopore spines forming transluscent lamella. (f) Coenosteal pores and perforated slits. (g) Stellate gastropores, coenosteal pores and flush/slightly raised dactylopores." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4751321" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4751321/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<quantity id="D13E89874951BA20FEF1471F33A5F9B8" box="[354,400,1569,1595]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.9" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="g" value="19.0">19g</quantity>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
). Stellate gastropores similar to cyclosystems, but lack dactylopore in each groove. These grooves, unlike dactylopores, are only present at surface opening of gastropore and do not extend downwards into gastropore tube. Up to four grooves were counted in stellate gastropores. Gastropore tubes short and peripheral. Gastrostyles needle-shaped (H:W up to 5.5), 0.9–1.0 mm tall and almost reach coenosteal surface (
|
||
<figureCitation id="8EFD38E74951BA20FB7D47B2377AF924" box="[1262,1359,1676,1703]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1886,1910]" captionTargetBox="[169,1418,181,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-18@33.[169,1418,181,1862]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 19. Stellapora echinata. (a) Branch cross section revealing gastrostyles, dactylopore spines and ampullae cavities. (b) Gastrostyles. (c) Surface of colony displaying flush gastropores, slightly raised dactylopores, dactylopore spines and ampullae. (d) Longitudinal slit on dactylopore spine. (e) Laterally-fused dactylopore spines forming transluscent lamella. (f) Coenosteal pores and perforated slits. (g) Stellate gastropores, coenosteal pores and flush/slightly raised dactylopores." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4751321" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4751321/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 19a</figureCitation>
|
||
). They bear longitudinal ridges of cylindrical to conical spines fused with each other. Ridges in gastrostyle base lack spines (
|
||
<figureCitation id="8EFD38E74951BA20FF3347EA3334F96C" box="[160,257,1748,1775]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1886,1910]" captionTargetBox="[169,1418,181,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-18@33.[169,1418,181,1862]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 19. Stellapora echinata. (a) Branch cross section revealing gastrostyles, dactylopore spines and ampullae cavities. (b) Gastrostyles. (c) Surface of colony displaying flush gastropores, slightly raised dactylopores, dactylopore spines and ampullae. (d) Longitudinal slit on dactylopore spine. (e) Laterally-fused dactylopore spines forming transluscent lamella. (f) Coenosteal pores and perforated slits. (g) Stellate gastropores, coenosteal pores and flush/slightly raised dactylopores." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4751321" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4751321/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 19b</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="167924624951BA20FF5447C6307AF869" blockId="31.[151,1437,956,2027]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
|
||
Dactylopores of two kinds (
|
||
<figureCitation id="8EFD38E74951BA20FD9047C63050F890" box="[515,613,1784,1811]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1886,1910]" captionTargetBox="[169,1418,181,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-18@33.[169,1418,181,1862]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 19. Stellapora echinata. (a) Branch cross section revealing gastrostyles, dactylopore spines and ampullae cavities. (b) Gastrostyles. (c) Surface of colony displaying flush gastropores, slightly raised dactylopores, dactylopore spines and ampullae. (d) Longitudinal slit on dactylopore spine. (e) Laterally-fused dactylopore spines forming transluscent lamella. (f) Coenosteal pores and perforated slits. (g) Stellate gastropores, coenosteal pores and flush/slightly raised dactylopores." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4751321" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4751321/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 19c</figureCitation>
|
||
): a longitudinal slit on a tall U-shaped spine (
|
||
<figureCitation id="8EFD38E74951BA20FBF847C636F9F890" box="[1131,1228,1784,1811]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1886,1910]" captionTargetBox="[169,1418,181,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-18@33.[169,1418,181,1862]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 19. Stellapora echinata. (a) Branch cross section revealing gastrostyles, dactylopore spines and ampullae cavities. (b) Gastrostyles. (c) Surface of colony displaying flush gastropores, slightly raised dactylopores, dactylopore spines and ampullae. (d) Longitudinal slit on dactylopore spine. (e) Laterally-fused dactylopore spines forming transluscent lamella. (f) Coenosteal pores and perforated slits. (g) Stellate gastropores, coenosteal pores and flush/slightly raised dactylopores." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4751321" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4751321/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 19d</figureCitation>
|
||
) and a round pore slightly raised from coenosteal surface. U-shaped dactylopore spines bear thin transluscent walls that extend laterally like lamella, surpassing dactylotome limits. They may reach
|
||
<quantity id="D13E89874951BA20FCD9467F3197F8D8" box="[842,930,1857,1883]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="2.4">2.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
high. Three to four spines adjacent to round gastropore often fuse laterally, forming a translucent sheet up to
|
||
<quantity id="D13E89874951BA20FCEA465B31E4F8FC" box="[889,977,1893,1919]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="3.7">3.7 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, where dactylotome limits are still noticeable (
|
||
<figureCitation id="8EFD38E74951BA20FE8A46B6334CF820" box="[281,377,1928,1955]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1886,1910]" captionTargetBox="[169,1418,181,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-18@33.[169,1418,181,1862]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 19. Stellapora echinata. (a) Branch cross section revealing gastrostyles, dactylopore spines and ampullae cavities. (b) Gastrostyles. (c) Surface of colony displaying flush gastropores, slightly raised dactylopores, dactylopore spines and ampullae. (d) Longitudinal slit on dactylopore spine. (e) Laterally-fused dactylopore spines forming transluscent lamella. (f) Coenosteal pores and perforated slits. (g) Stellate gastropores, coenosteal pores and flush/slightly raised dactylopores." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4751321" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4751321/files/figure.png" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 19e</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dactylotomes
|
||
<quantity id="D13E89874951BA20FDBC46B730E4F820" box="[559,721,1929,1955]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="0.165" valueMax="0.2" valueMin="0.13">0.13–0.20 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, and round dactylopores around
|
||
<quantity id="D13E89874951BA20FBEF46B736E7F820" box="[1148,1234,1929,1955]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diameter. Most U-shaped dactylopore spines abcauline. In stellate gastropores septa often extend upwards, which suggests them being precursors of dactylopore spines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="42B974EA496EBA1FFF0446B33055F826" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4751319" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4751319" box="[151,608,1933,1958]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4751319/files/figure.png" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" startId="32.[151,250,1933,1957]" targetBox="[151,1435,181,1910]" targetPageId="32">
|
||
<paragraph id="16792462496EBA1FFF0446B33055F826" blockId="32.[151,608,1933,1958]" box="[151,608,1933,1958]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
|
||
<emphasis id="24B2F870496EBA1FFF0446B33315F826" bold="true" box="[151,288,1933,1957]" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">FIGURE 18.</emphasis>
|
||
Colony of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D1C65FE1496EBA1FFE0146B0306CF825" authorityName=": Cairns" authorityYear="1983" box="[402,601,1934,1958]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stellapora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="echinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="24B2F870496EBA1FFE0146B0306CF825" box="[402,601,1934,1958]" italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Stellapora echinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="42B974EA496FBA1EFF04466036F9F861" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4751321" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4751321" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4751321/files/figure.png" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" startId="33.[151,250,1886,1910]" targetBox="[169,1418,181,1862]" targetPageId="33">
|
||
<paragraph id="16792462496FBA1EFF04466036F9F861" blockId="33.[151,1437,1886,2018]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
|
||
<emphasis id="24B2F870496FBA1EFF044660332AF8F5" bold="true" box="[151,287,1886,1910]" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">FIGURE 19.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D1C65FE1496FBA1EFEB6466033DEF8F5" authorityName=": Cairns" authorityYear="1983" box="[293,491,1886,1910]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stellapora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="echinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="24B2F870496FBA1EFEB6466033DEF8F5" box="[293,491,1886,1910]" italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Stellapora echinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. (a) Branch cross section revealing gastrostyles, dactylopore spines and ampullae cavities. (b) Gastrostyles. (c) Surface of colony displaying flush gastropores, slightly raised dactylopores, dactylopore spines and ampullae. (d) Longitudinal slit on dactylopore spine. (e) Laterally-fused dactylopore spines forming transluscent lamella. (f) Coenosteal pores and perforated slits. (g) Stellate gastropores, coenosteal pores and flush/slightly raised dactylopores.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="16792462496CBA1DFF5441A9334AFF7A" blockId="34.[151,1437,151,897]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
Ampullae spherical and conspicuous on coenosteal surface, some slightly sunken. External and internal diameter up to
|
||
<quantity id="D13E8987496CBA1DFF4441853318FF56" box="[215,301,187,213]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="1.4">1.4 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="8EFD38E7496CBA1DFEAF418533ACFF56" box="[316,409,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1886,1910]" captionTargetBox="[169,1418,181,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-18@33.[169,1418,181,1862]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 19. Stellapora echinata. (a) Branch cross section revealing gastrostyles, dactylopore spines and ampullae cavities. (b) Gastrostyles. (c) Surface of colony displaying flush gastropores, slightly raised dactylopores, dactylopore spines and ampullae. (d) Longitudinal slit on dactylopore spine. (e) Laterally-fused dactylopore spines forming transluscent lamella. (f) Coenosteal pores and perforated slits. (g) Stellate gastropores, coenosteal pores and flush/slightly raised dactylopores." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4751321" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4751321/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 19c</figureCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<quantity id="D13E8987496CBA1DFE4B4185301BFF56" box="[472,558,187,213]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="8EFD38E7496CBA1DFDAE418530A9FF56" box="[573,668,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="33.[151,250,1886,1910]" captionTargetBox="[169,1418,181,1862]" captionTargetId="figure-18@33.[169,1418,181,1862]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="FIGURE 19. Stellapora echinata. (a) Branch cross section revealing gastrostyles, dactylopore spines and ampullae cavities. (b) Gastrostyles. (c) Surface of colony displaying flush gastropores, slightly raised dactylopores, dactylopore spines and ampullae. (d) Longitudinal slit on dactylopore spine. (e) Laterally-fused dactylopore spines forming transluscent lamella. (f) Coenosteal pores and perforated slits. (g) Stellate gastropores, coenosteal pores and flush/slightly raised dactylopores." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4751321" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4751321/files/figure.png" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Fig. 19a</figureCitation>
|
||
), respectively. Judging by size of ampullae, the described specimens are probably female.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="5EDC77E9496CBA1DFF54403C32C5FC02" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="16792462496CBA1DFF54403C36D0FD71" blockId="34.[151,1437,151,897]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
<emphasis id="24B2F870496CBA1DFF54403C3379FE9F" bold="true" box="[199,332,258,284]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D1C65FE1496CBA1DFEC6403D3007FE9E" authorityName=": Cairns" authorityYear="1983" box="[341,562,259,285]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stellapora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="echinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="24B2F870496CBA1DFEC6403D3007FE9E" box="[341,562,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Stellapora echinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was originally described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="72575993496CBA1DFCEF403D3605FE9E" author="Moseley, H. N." box="[892,1072,259,285]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="425 - 503" refId="ref31337" refString="Moseley, H. N. 1879 (1878) On the structure of the Stylasteridae, a family of the hydroid stony corals. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 169, 425 - 503. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rstl. 1878.0014." type="journal article" year="1879">Moseley (1879)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D1C65FE1496CBA1DFBCB403D371AFE9E" authorityName=": Hickson & England" authorityYear="1909" box="[1112,1327,259,285]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Spinipora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="echinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="24B2F870496CBA1DFBCB403D371AFE9E" box="[1112,1327,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Spinipora echinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on a specimen from station n 320 of the
|
||
<emphasis id="24B2F870496CBA1DFDAF4019308FFEC2" box="[572,698,295,321]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Challenger</emphasis>
|
||
expedition, off Mar del Plata.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="72575993496CBA1DFB87401936F6FEC2" author="Hickson, S. J." box="[1044,1219,295,321]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="876 - 896" refId="ref30691" refString="Hickson, S. J. (1912) On the Hydrocoralline genus Errina. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 82, 876 - 896. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.1912. tb 07565. x." type="journal article" year="1912">Hickson (1912)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
placed this species within the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D1C65FE1496CBA1DFEF34075339EFEE7" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1835" box="[352,427,331,356]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="24B2F870496CBA1DFEF34075339EFEE7" box="[352,427,331,356]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Errina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
due to the presence of U-shaped dactylopore spines and the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D1C65FE1496CBA1DFB2D407532FAFE0A" authority="Moseley, 1879" authorityName="Moseley" authorityYear="1879" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Spinipora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="24B2F870496CBA1DFB2D40753719FEE6" box="[1214,1324,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Spinipora</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="72575993496CBA1DFAA4407532FAFE0A" author="Moseley, H. N." pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="425 - 503" refId="ref31337" refString="Moseley, H. N. 1879 (1878) On the structure of the Stylasteridae, a family of the hydroid stony corals. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 169, 425 - 503. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rstl. 1878.0014." type="journal article" year="1879">Moseley, 1879</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
became a subgroup (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D1C65FE1496CBA1DFE2E4051301EFE0A" authorityName="Moseley" authorityYear="1879" box="[445,555,367,393]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Spinipora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="24B2F870496CBA1DFE2E4051301EFE0A" box="[445,555,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Spinipora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group) within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D1C65FE1496CBA1DFD4240513129FE0B" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1835" box="[721,796,367,392]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="24B2F870496CBA1DFD4240513129FE0B" box="[721,796,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Errina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="72575993496CBA1DFCBA4051365FFE0A" author="Hickson, S. J. & England, H. M." box="[809,1130,367,393]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="345 - 354" refId="ref30772" refString="Hickson, S. J. & England, H. M. (1909) The Stylasterina of the Indian Ocean. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 2 nd Series, Zoology, 12, 345 - 354. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.1909. tb 00146. x." type="journal article" year="1909">
|
||
Hickson and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="6ED164F2496CBA1DFC2F4051362CFE0A" box="[956,1049,367,393]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">England</collectingCountry>
|
||
(1909)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described a specimen from the Indian Ocean which, according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="72575993496CBA1DFDC140AD313BFE2D" author="Boschma, H." box="[594,782,403,430]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="287 - 300" refId="ref29451" refString="Boschma, H. (1964) Notes on the stylasterine coral Errina labiata. Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen, Series C, 67 (5), 287 - 300." type="journal article" year="1964">Boschma (1964)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
and
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="72575993496CBA1DFCD940AD31C3FE2E" author="Cairns, S. D." box="[842,1014,403,429]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="61 - 164" refId="ref29674" refString="Cairns, S. D. (1983 a) Antarctic and Subantarctic Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Biology of the Antarctic Seas XIII. Antarctic Research Series, 38 (2), 61 - 164." type="journal article" year="1983">Cairns (1983a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, is an incorrect identification.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="72575993496CBA1DFACB40AD32C5FE52" author="Broch, H." pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="125 - 127" refId="ref29638" refString="Broch, H. (1951 b) Some nomenclatorial corrections to " Investigations on Stylasteridae (Hydrocorals) " 1942. Zoologische Mededeelingen, Leiden, 31 (12), 125 - 127." type="journal article" year="1951">Broch (1951b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
proposed to eliminate the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D1C65FE1496CBA1DFDB3408930BBFE52" authorityName="Moseley" authorityYear="1879" box="[544,654,439,465]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Spinipora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="24B2F870496CBA1DFDB3408930BBFE52" box="[544,654,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Spinipora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
category, divided the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D1C65FE1496CBA1DFC474089362AFE53" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1835" box="[980,1055,439,464]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="24B2F870496CBA1DFC474089362AFE53" box="[980,1055,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Errina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in two subgenera:
|
||
<emphasis id="24B2F870496CBA1DFB6A40893759FE53" box="[1273,1388,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Eu-Errina</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D1C65FE1496CBA1DFF0440E53306FE76" authorityName="Broch" authorityYear="1951" box="[151,307,475,501]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Inferiolabiata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="24B2F870496CBA1DFF0440E53306FE76" box="[151,307,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Inferiolabiata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and suggested including
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D1C65FE1496CBA1DFDF340E53121FE76" authorityName=": Boschma" authorityYear="1956" box="[608,788,475,501]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="echinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="24B2F870496CBA1DFDF340E53121FE76" box="[608,788,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Errina echinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the latter, due to the abcauline orientation of most of the spines.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="72575993496CBA1DFE8940C133F1FD9A" author="Boschma, H." box="[282,452,510,537]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="106" refId="ref29330" refString="Boschma, H. (1956) Milleporina and Stylasterina. In: Moore, R. C. (Ed.), Treatise on invertebrate paleontology, Part F, Coelenterata. Geological Society of America, Lawrence, Kansas, pp. F 90 - F 106." type="book chapter" year="1956">Boschma 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||
also proposed fusing the category
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D1C65FE1496CBA1DFCC940C131FDFD9A" authorityName="Moseley" authorityYear="1879" box="[858,968,511,537]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Spinipora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="24B2F870496CBA1DFCC940C131FDFD9A" box="[858,968,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Spinipora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D1C65FE1496CBA1DFB3F40C1377DFD9A" authorityName="Broch" authorityYear="1951" box="[1196,1352,511,537]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Inferiolabiata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="24B2F870496CBA1DFB3F40C1377DFD9A" box="[1196,1352,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Inferiolabiata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which included all species within the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D1C65FE1496CBA1DFDAC431D30BFFDBF" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1835" box="[575,650,547,572]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="24B2F870496CBA1DFDAC431D30BFFDBF" box="[575,650,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Errina</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
that bore abcauline spines.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="72575993496CBA1DFC55431D365BFDBE" author="Cairns, S. D." box="[966,1134,547,573]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="61 - 164" refId="ref29674" refString="Cairns, S. D. (1983 a) Antarctic and Subantarctic Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Biology of the Antarctic Seas XIII. Antarctic Research Series, 38 (2), 61 - 164." type="journal article" year="1983">Cairns (1983a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
described specimens from Burdwood Bank, establishing the second record of this species since
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="72575993496CBA1DFC1C43793676FDE2" author="Moseley, H. N." box="[911,1091,583,609]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="425 - 503" refId="ref31337" refString="Moseley, H. N. 1879 (1878) On the structure of the Stylasteridae, a family of the hydroid stony corals. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London, 169, 425 - 503. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rstl. 1878.0014." type="journal article" year="1879">Moseley (1879)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="72575993496CBA1DFBDF437936C3FDE1" author="Cairns, S. D." box="[1100,1270,583,610]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="427 - 508" refId="ref29714" refString="Cairns, S. D. (1983 b) A generic revision of the Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Part 1. Description of the genera. Bulletin of Marine Science, 33 (2), 427 - 508." type="journal article" year="1983">Cairns (1983b)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, in his revision of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D1C65FE1496CBA1DFF244355337CFD06" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1847" box="[183,329,619,645]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">
|
||
<emphasis id="24B2F870496CBA1DFF244355337CFD06" box="[183,329,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Stylasteridae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
genera, discarded the subgenus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D1C65FE1496CBA1DFD2943553163FD06" authorityName="Broch" authorityYear="1951" box="[698,854,619,645]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Inferiolabiata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="24B2F870496CBA1DFD2943553163FD06" box="[698,854,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Inferiolabiata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and arranged the species within this group in three genera:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D1C65FE1496CBA1DFF6243B133B8FD2A" authorityName="Broch" authorityYear="1951" box="[241,397,655,681]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Inferiolabiata" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="24B2F870496CBA1DFF6243B133B8FD2A" box="[241,397,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Inferiolabiata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D1C65FE1496CBA1DFE0843B13010FD2A" box="[411,549,655,681]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Lepidotheca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="24B2F870496CBA1DFE0843B13010FD2A" box="[411,549,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Lepidotheca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D1C65FE1496CBA1DFDCF43B130E4FD2A" authorityName="Cairns" authorityYear="1983" box="[604,721,655,681]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Stellapora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="24B2F870496CBA1DFDCF43B130E4FD2A" box="[604,721,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">Stellapora</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D1C65FE1496CBA1DFD4C43B1316EFD2A" authorityName=": Boschma" authorityYear="1956" box="[735,859,655,681]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="echinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="24B2F870496CBA1DFD4C43B1316EFD2A" box="[735,859,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">S. echinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
hitherto being the only known species of the latter.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="72575993496CBA1DFF04438D338DFD4E" author="Rio Iglesias, J. L. & Acosta & Yepes J. & Cristobo Rodriguez, J. & Martinez Portela, J. & Parra Descalzo, S. & Tel E. & Vinas Dieguez, L. & Munoz Recio, A. & Vilela Perez, R. & Jimenez, E. E. & Ibarrola, T. P. & Rios Lopez, P. & Almon Pazos, B. & Blanco Perez, R. & Murillo Perez, J. & Polonio Povedano, V. & Fernandez Feijoo, J. & Cabanas, J. M. & Gago Pineiro, J. M. & Gonzalez-Nuevo Gonzales, G. & Cabrero Rodriguez, A. & Besada Montenegro, M. V. & Schultze Prado, F. & Franco Hernandez, A. & Bargiela Barros, J. & Garcia Blanco, X." box="[151,440,691,717]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" refId="ref32029" refString="Rio Iglesias, J. L., Acosta, Yepes J., Cristobo Rodriguez, J., Martinez Portela, J., Parra Descalzo, S., Tel E., Vinas Dieguez, L., Munoz Recio, A., Vilela Perez, R., Jimenez, E. E., Ibarrola, T. P., Rios Lopez, P., Almon Pazos, B., Blanco Perez, R., Murillo Perez, J., Polonio Povedano, V., Fernandez Feijoo, J., Cabanas, J. M., Gago Pineiro, J. M., Gonzalez-Nuevo Gonzales, G., Cabrero Rodriguez, A., Besada Montenegro, M. V., Schultze Prado, F., Franco Hernandez, A., Bargiela Barros, J. & Garcia Blanco, X. (2012) Estudio de los ecosistemas marinos vulnerables en aguas internacionales del Atlantico sudoccidental. Instituto Espanol de Oceanografia. Temas de Oceanografia 6, Instituto Espanol de Oceanografia, 283 pp." type="book" year="2012">
|
||
Río Iglesias
|
||
<emphasis id="24B2F870496CBA1DFEBB438D3369FD4E" box="[296,348,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2012)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported the third record of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="D1C65FE1496CBA1DFC97438D31B6FD4E" authorityName=": Boschma" authorityYear="1956" box="[772,899,691,717]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Errina" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="echinata">
|
||
<emphasis id="24B2F870496CBA1DFC97438D31B6FD4E" box="[772,899,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">S. echinata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on the identification of specimens from Patagonia, from
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="73F242A5496CBA1DFEC243E933BAFD72" box="[337,399,727,753]" degrees="42" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" precision="55555" value="-42.0">42° S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
to
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="73F242A5496CBA1DFE2043E933C4FD72" box="[435,497,727,753]" degrees="48" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" precision="55555" value="-48.0">48° S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
within a depth range of
|
||
<quantity id="D13E8987496CBA1DFC9143E831BAFD72" box="[770,911,726,753]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" unit="m" value="850.0" valueMax="1500.0" valueMin="200.0">200–1500 m</quantity>
|
||
(specific depth not informed).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="16792462496CBA1DFF5443C532C5FC02" blockId="34.[151,1437,151,897]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35">
|
||
The studied specimens differ with those described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="72575993496CBA1DFCD043C531DBFC96" author="Cairns, S. D." box="[835,1006,763,789]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="61 - 164" refId="ref29674" refString="Cairns, S. D. (1983 a) Antarctic and Subantarctic Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Biology of the Antarctic Seas XIII. Antarctic Research Series, 38 (2), 61 - 164." type="journal article" year="1983">Cairns (1983a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
in the amount of grooves in stellate gastropores. Those here described bear up to four grooves whereas those described by
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="72575993496CBA1DFBE442213715FCBA" author="Cairns, S. D." box="[1143,1312,799,825]" pageId="34" pageNumber="35" pagination="61 - 164" refId="ref29674" refString="Cairns, S. D. (1983 a) Antarctic and Subantarctic Stylasterina (Coelenterata: Hydrozoa). Biology of the Antarctic Seas XIII. Antarctic Research Series, 38 (2), 61 - 164." type="journal article" year="1983">Cairns (1983a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
bear up to seven. This difference is probably intraspecific variability. The present work provides the fourth record of this species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |