treatments-xml/data/9E/4C/E2/9E4CE23AFF87F10CFF036753FDED294C.xml

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<mods:title id="76FF989C68270C31E2BF992BBFDDB77A">On a collection of hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the southwest coast of Florida, USA</mods:title>
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<heading id="4D12E440FF87F10BFF036753FDA1294C" bold="true" box="[151,605,1809,1836]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="D1E528AFFF87F10BFF036753FDA1294C" authority="Allman, 1877" authorityName="Allman" authorityYear="1877" box="[151,605,1809,1836]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Thyroscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="ramosus">
<emphasis id="24918F3EFF87F10BFF036753FDA1294C" bold="true" box="[151,605,1809,1836]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
<emphasis id="24918F3EFF87F10BFF036753FE53294C" bold="true" box="[151,431,1809,1836]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Thyroscyphus ramosus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF87F10BFE226753FDA1294C" author="Allman, G. J." box="[438,605,1809,1835]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="1 - 66" refId="ref123138" refString="Allman, G. J. (1877) Report on the Hydroida collected during the exploration of the Gulf Stream by L. F. de Pourtales, assistant United States Coast Survey. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 5 (2), 1 - 66. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 15852" type="journal article" year="1877">Allman, 1877</bibRefCitation>
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<figureCitation id="8EDE4FA9FF87F10BFF036777FEE92928" box="[151,277,1845,1871]" captionStart="FIGURE 19" captionStartId="69.[151,250,1609,1634]" captionTargetBox="[244,1337,175,1578]" captionTargetId="figure@69.[238,1349,166,1590]" captionTargetPageId="69" captionText="FIGURE 19. a, Halecium lightbourni: part of hydrocaulus with hydrothecae, Fort Myers Beach, ROMIZ B4377. Scale equals 0.1 mm. b, Halecium nanum: stolon with hydrocaulus and two hydrothecae, Sanibel Island, ROMIZ B4378. Scale equals 0.05 mm. c, Halecium tenellum: part of colony with a hydrotheca, Southwest Florida Shelf, ROMIZ B4379. Scale equals 0.05 mm. d, Halecium tenellum: part of colony with renovated hydrothecae, Southwest Florida Shelf, ROMIZ B4379. Scale equals 0.2 mm. e, Halecium sp.: part of a branch with three hydrothecae, Sanibel Island, ROMIZ B4381. Scale equals 0.1 mm. f, Halecium sp.: part of a branch with a hydrotheca, Southwest Florida Shelf, ROMIZ B1594. Scale equals 0.1 mm. g, Nemalecium lighti: part of colony with five hydrothecae, Fort Myers Beach, ROMIZ B4419. Scale equals 0.2 mm. h, Nemalecium lighti: two internodes, with hydrothecae, Fort Myers Beach, ROMIZ B4419. Scale equals 0.1 mm. i, Thyroscyphus marginatus: part of colony with three hydrothecae, Sanibel Island, ROMIZ B4382. Scale equals 0.5 mm. j, Thyroscyphus marginatus: hydrotheca, Sanibel Island, ROMIZ B4382. Scale equals 0.2 mm. k, Thyroscyphus ramosus: part of colony with three hydrothecae, Sanibel Island, ROMIZ B4385. Scale equals 0.5 mm. l, Thyroscyphus ramosus: hydrotheca, Sanibel Island, ROMIZ B4385. Scale equals 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3519089" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3519089/files/figure.png" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Figs. 19k, l</figureCitation>
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<taxonomicName id="D1E528AFFF87F10BFF03673BFDCB29F6" authority="Allman, 1877: 11" authorityName="Allman" authorityPageNumber="11" authorityYear="1877" box="[151,567,1913,1938]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Thyroscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="ramosus">
<emphasis id="24918F3EFF87F10BFF03673BFE8329F6" box="[151,383,1913,1937]" italics="true" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Thyroscyphus ramosus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="9744753DFF87F10BFE11673BFDCB29F6" author="Allman, G. J." box="[389,567,1913,1938]" page="11" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="1877">
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF87F10BFE11673BFDCB29F6" author="Allman, G. J." box="[389,567,1913,1938]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="1 - 66" refId="ref123138" refString="Allman, G. J. (1877) Report on the Hydroida collected during the exploration of the Gulf Stream by L. F. de Pourtales, assistant United States Coast Survey. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 5 (2), 1 - 66. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 15852" type="journal article" year="1877">Allman, 1877: 11</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. 6, figs. 5, 6.— 
<treatmentCitation id="9744753DFF87F10BFD64673BFC4F29F5" author="Wallace, W. S." box="[752,947,1913,1938]" page="137" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="1909">
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF87F10BFD64673BFC4F29F5" author="Wallace, W. S." box="[752,947,1913,1938]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="136 - 138" refId="ref153718" refString="Wallace, W. S. (1909) A collection of hydroids made at the Tortugas, during May, June, and July, 1908. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Year Book, 7, 136 - 138." type="journal article" year="1909">Wallace, 1909: 137</bibRefCitation>
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.— 
<treatmentCitation id="9744753DFF87F10BFC45673BFB4529F5" author="Splettstosser, W." box="[977,1209,1913,1938]" page="55" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="1929">
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF87F10BFC45673BFB4529F5" author="Splettstosser, W." box="[977,1209,1913,1938]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="1 - 134" refId="ref150162" refString="Splettstosser, W. (1929) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Sertulariiden. Thyroscyphus Allm., Cnidoscyphus nov. gen., Parascyphus Ritchie. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere, 58, 1 - 134." type="journal article" year="1929">Splettstösser, 1929: 55</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.— 
<treatmentCitation id="9744753DFF87F10BFB43673BFA8029F6" author="Fraser, C. M." box="[1239,1404,1913,1938]" page="91" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="1943">
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF87F10BFB43673BFA8029F6" author="Fraser, C. M." box="[1239,1404,1913,1938]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="75 - 98" refId="ref133351" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1943) Distribution records of some hydroids in the collection of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, with description of new genera and new species. Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club, 22, 75 - 98." type="journal article" year="1943">Fraser, 1943: 91</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.— 
<treatmentCitation id="9744753DFF87F10BFF5367DAFDBF29D7" author="Van Gemerden-Hoogeveen, G. C. H." box="[199,579,1943,1968]" page="15" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" year="1965">
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF87F10BFF5367DAFDBF29D7" author="Van Gemerden-Hoogeveen, G. C. H." box="[199,579,1943,1968]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="1 - 45" refId="ref152243" refString="Van Gemerden-Hoogeveen, G. C. H. (1965) Hydroids of the Caribbean: Sertulariidae, Plumulariidae and Aglaopheniidae. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands: No. 84. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao, 22, 1 - 45." type="journal article" year="1965">Van Gemerden-Hoogeveen, 1965: 15</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="165A532CFF87F10BFF03679CFB97299F" blockId="75.[151,1131,2013,2041]" box="[151,1131,2013,2041]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
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<emphasis id="24918F3EFF87F10BFF03679CFECA299F" bold="true" box="[151,310,2013,2040]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">
<typeStatus id="C95EED8EFF87F10BFF03679CFF2E299F" box="[151,210,2014,2040]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">Type</typeStatus>
locality.
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFF87F10BFEA8679CFE84299F" box="[316,376,2014,2040]" name="United States of America" pageId="75" pageNumber="76">USA</collectingCountry>
: 
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, south of 
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, 10 fathoms (
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<elevation id="9DC8B41FFF87F10BFCDF679CFC79299E" box="[843,901,2014,2041]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" unit="m" value="18.0">18 m</elevation>
</quantity>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF87F10BFC08679CFBA1299F" author="Allman, G. J." box="[924,1117,2014,2040]" pageId="75" pageNumber="76" pagination="1 - 66" refId="ref123138" refString="Allman, G. J. (1877) Report on the Hydroida collected during the exploration of the Gulf Stream by L. F. de Pourtales, assistant United States Coast Survey. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 5 (2), 1 - 66. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 15852" type="journal article" year="1877">Allman 1877: 11</bibRefCitation>
)
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.
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<paragraph id="165A532CFF80F10CFF5360DAFF152E9C" blockId="76.[151,1437,152,1835]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
<emphasis id="24918F3EFF80F10CFF5360DAFE482ED4" bold="true" box="[199,436,152,179]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Material examined.</emphasis>
Sanibel Island, beach at Lighthouse Point, 
<geoCoordinate id="73D135EBFF80F10CFC2460DAFBC02ED4" box="[944,1084,152,179]" degrees="26" direction="north" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" precision="15" seconds="57" value="26.449165">26°26’57”N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="73D135EBFF80F10CFBDE60DBFB252ED4" box="[1098,1241,153,179]" degrees="82" direction="west" minutes="01" orientation="longitude" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" precision="15" seconds="07" value="-82.018616">82°01’07”W</geoCoordinate>
, detached, in intertidal pools, 
<date id="625B75ECFF80F10CFEA960FFFE092EB0" box="[317,501,189,215]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" value="2014-08-03">03 August 2014</date>
, one colony fragment, 
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high, without gonophores, coll. D. Calder, 
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B4385.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5EFF00A7FF80F10CFF536147FDED294C" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="165A532CFF80F10CFF536147FB4B2C7D" blockId="76.[151,1437,152,1835]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
<emphasis id="24918F3EFF80F10CFF536147FEC72F78" bold="true" box="[199,315,261,287]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Remarks.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D1E528AFFF80F10CFED76146FD182F78" authority="Allman, 1877" authorityName="Allman" authorityYear="1877" box="[323,740,260,287]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Thyroscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="ramosus">
<emphasis id="24918F3EFF80F10CFED76146FDB82F79" box="[323,580,260,286]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Thyroscyphus ramosus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFDDE6146FD182F78" author="Allman, G. J." box="[586,740,260,287]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 66" refId="ref123138" refString="Allman, G. J. (1877) Report on the Hydroida collected during the exploration of the Gulf Stream by L. F. de Pourtales, assistant United States Coast Survey. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 5 (2), 1 - 66. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 15852" type="journal article" year="1877">Allman, 1877</bibRefCitation>
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is another species originally described from collections made in the Straits of 
<collectingRegion id="D4219DCEFF80F10CFED3616AFE642F25" box="[327,408,296,322]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Florida</collectingRegion>
by L.F. de Pourtalès. While its colony form resembles that of 
<taxonomicName id="D1E528AFFF80F10CFBDD616BFA6B2F24" authority="(Allman, 1877)" baseAuthorityName="Allman" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[1097,1431,296,323]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Thyroscyphidae" genus="Cnidoscyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="marginatus">
<emphasis id="24918F3EFF80F10CFBDD616BFB1F2F25" box="[1097,1251,297,322]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">T. marginatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFB65616AFA6C2F24" author="Allman, G. J." box="[1265,1424,296,323]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 66" refId="ref123138" refString="Allman, G. J. (1877) Report on the Hydroida collected during the exploration of the Gulf Stream by L. F. de Pourtales, assistant United States Coast Survey. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 5 (2), 1 - 66. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 15852" type="journal article" year="1877">Allman, 1877</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, hydrothecae of the two species are quite different. In 
<taxonomicName id="D1E528AFFF80F10CFD73610FFC9D2F01" authorityName="Allman" authorityYear="1877" box="[743,865,333,358]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Thyroscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="ramosus">
<emphasis id="24918F3EFF80F10CFD73610FFC9D2F01" box="[743,865,333,358]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">T. ramosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the hydrothecal margin is quadricuspate and bears an operculum of four valves, while in 
<taxonomicName id="D1E528AFFF80F10CFDC46133FD102FED" baseAuthorityName="Allman" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[592,748,369,394]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Thyroscyphidae" genus="Cnidoscyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="marginatus">
<emphasis id="24918F3EFF80F10CFDC46133FD102FED" box="[592,748,369,394]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">T. marginatus</emphasis>
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it is entire and open, with the operculum having been shed. 
<taxonomicName id="D1E528AFFF80F10CFF0361D6FD712FC8" authority="Splettstosser, 1929" authorityName="Splettstosser" authorityYear="1929" box="[151,653,404,431]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Thyroscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="longicaulis">
<emphasis id="24918F3EFF80F10CFF0361D6FE482FC9" box="[151,436,404,430]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Thyroscyphus longicaulis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFE2F61D6FD712FC8" author="Splettstosser, W." box="[443,653,404,431]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 134" refId="ref150162" refString="Splettstosser, W. (1929) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Sertulariiden. Thyroscyphus Allm., Cnidoscyphus nov. gen., Parascyphus Ritchie. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere, 58, 1 - 134." type="journal article" year="1929">Splettstösser, 1929</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from the Caribbean Sea resembles 
<taxonomicName id="D1E528AFFF80F10CFB8C61D7FB6E2FC9" authorityName="Allman" authorityYear="1877" box="[1048,1170,405,430]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Thyroscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="ramosus">
<emphasis id="24918F3EFF80F10CFB8C61D7FB6E2FC9" box="[1048,1170,405,430]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">T. ramosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but its hydrothecae are longer and more slender, marginal cusps are more deeply incised, and a somewhat more developed pedicel is present (
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFF0A619FFEBA2F90" author="Vervoort, W." box="[158,326,476,503]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 124" refId="ref153374" refString="Vervoort, W. (1968) Report on a collection of Hydroida from the Caribbean region, including an annotated checklist of Caribbean hydroids. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 92, 1 - 124." type="journal article" year="1968">Vervoort 1968</bibRefCitation>
). Also similar is 
<taxonomicName id="D1E528AFFF80F10CFD96619FFD772F90" baseAuthorityName="Esper" baseAuthorityYear="1793" box="[514,651,477,503]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Thyroscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="fruticosus">
<emphasis id="24918F3EFF80F10CFD96619FFD772F90" box="[514,651,477,503]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">T. fruticosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFD0F619FFCDD2F90" author="Esper, E. J. C." box="[667,801,477,503]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" refId="ref131594" refString="Esper, E. J. C. (1791 [1793]) Die Pflanzenthiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur mit Farben erleuchtet nebst Beschreibungen. Raspischen Buchhandlung, Nurnberg, 303 pp. [Dating of this publication, as 1793, follows Vervoort &amp; Watson 2003: 459] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 118730" type="book" year="1791">Esper, 1791</bibRefCitation>
[1793]) from the Indo-Pacific region. Its marginal cusps appear to be shallower than those of 
<taxonomicName id="D1E528AFFF80F10CFDA66243FD512C7D" authorityName="Allman" authorityYear="1877" box="[562,685,513,538]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Thyroscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="ramosus">
<emphasis id="24918F3EFF80F10CFDA66243FD512C7D" box="[562,685,513,538]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">T. ramosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and its pedicels are even less well developed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="165A532CFF80F10CFF536267FF312D71" blockId="76.[151,1437,152,1835]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
As with 
<taxonomicName id="D1E528AFFF80F10CFEB16267FE432C59" baseAuthorityName="Allman" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[293,447,549,574]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Thyroscyphidae" genus="Cnidoscyphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="marginatus">
<emphasis id="24918F3EFF80F10CFEB16267FE432C59" box="[293,447,549,574]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">T. marginatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="D1E528AFFF80F10CFE586267FDBA2C59" authorityName="Allman" authorityYear="1877" box="[460,582,549,574]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Thyroscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="ramosus">
<emphasis id="24918F3EFF80F10CFE586267FDBA2C59" box="[460,582,549,574]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">T. ramosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is predominantly a hydroid of warm and shallow waters. Of the two species, 
<taxonomicName id="D1E528AFFF80F10CFF03620BFEE82C05" authorityName="Allman" authorityYear="1877" box="[151,276,585,610]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Thyroscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="ramosus">
<emphasis id="24918F3EFF80F10CFF03620BFEE82C05" box="[151,276,585,610]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">T. ramosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been reported less frequently and its distribution is more limited. It has not been reported in the northern Gulf of 
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFF80F10CFECD622EFE532CE1" box="[345,431,620,646]" name="Mexico" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Mexico</collectingCountry>
and does not occur as far north on the American Atlantic coast. The known range in the Americas currently extends from the continental shelf off South Carolina (
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFC7662D3FB412CCC" author="Wenner, E. L. &amp; Hinde, P. &amp; Knott, D. M. &amp; Van Dolah, R. F." box="[994,1213,656,683]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 104" refId="ref154596" refString="Wenner, E. L., Hinde, P., Knott, D. M. &amp; Van Dolah, R. F. (1984) A temporal and spatial study of invertebrate communities associated with hard-bottom habitats in the South Atlantic Bight. United States Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA Technical Report NMFS, 18, 1 - 104." type="journal article" year="1984">
Wenner 
<emphasis id="24918F3EFF80F10CFBD662D3FB892CCD" box="[1090,1141,656,682]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">et al</emphasis>
. 1984
</bibRefCitation>
) to 
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFF80F10CFB7F62D2FAD32CCD" box="[1259,1327,656,682]" name="Brazil" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFAAB62D2FF282CA8" author="Oliveira, O. M. P. &amp; Miranda, T. P. &amp; Araujo, E. M. &amp; Ayon, P. &amp; Cedeno-Posso, C. M. &amp; Cepeda-Mercado, A. A. &amp; Cordova, P. &amp; Cunha, A. F. &amp; Genzano, G. N. &amp; Haddad, M. A. &amp; Mianzan, H. W. &amp; Migotto, A. E. &amp; Miranda, L. S. &amp; Morandini, A. C. &amp; Nagata, R. M. &amp; Nascimento, K. B. &amp; Nogueira Jr., M. &amp; Palma, S. &amp; Quinones, J. &amp; Rodriguez, C. S. &amp; Scarabino, F. &amp; Schiariti, A. &amp; Stampar, S. N. &amp; Tronolone, V. B. &amp; Marques, A. C." pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 256" refId="ref144877" refString="Oliveira, O. M. P., Miranda, T. P., Araujo, E. M., Ayon, P., Cedeno-Posso, C. M., Cepeda-Mercado, A. A., Cordova, P., Cunha, A. F., Genzano, G. N., Haddad, M. A., Mianzan, H. W., Migotto, A. E., Miranda, L. S., Morandini, A. C., Nagata, R. M., Nascimento, K. B., Nogueira Jr., M., Palma, S., Quinones, J., Rodriguez, C. S., Scarabino, F., Schiariti, A., Stampar, S. N., Tronolone, V. B. &amp; Marques, A. C. (2016) Census of Cnidaria (Medusozoa) and Ctenophora from South American marine waters. Zootaxa, 4194 (1), 1 - 256. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4194.1.1" type="journal article" year="2016">Oliveira 2016</bibRefCitation>
). An amphi-Atlantic species, it has also been reported from Freetown, 
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFF80F10CFB9662F6FB6B2CA8" box="[1026,1175,692,719]" name="Sierra Leone" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Sierra Leone</collectingCountry>
, in the tropical eastern Atlantic (
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFF6B629BFE5A2C94" author="Vervoort, W." box="[255,422,728,755]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="211 - 325" refId="ref153330" refString="Vervoort, W. (1959) The Hydroida of the tropical west coast of Africa. Atlantide Report, Scientific Results of the Danish Expedition to the Coasts of Tropical West Africa, 1945 - 1946, 5, 211 - 325." type="journal article" year="1959">Vervoort 1959</bibRefCitation>
). A record from the Gulf of Mannar in the Indian Ocean by 
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFBD5629AFB1E2C94" author="Leloup, E." box="[1089,1250,728,755]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="131 - 170" refId="ref138975" refString="Leloup, E. (1932) Une collection d'hydropolypes appartenant a l'Indian Museum de Calcutta. Records of the Indian Museum, 34, 131 - 170." type="journal article" year="1932">Leloup (1932)</bibRefCitation>
seems questionable.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="165A532CFF80F10CFF536362FBBD2D38" blockId="76.[151,1437,152,1835]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
Other detailed accounts of 
<taxonomicName id="D1E528AFFF80F10CFE6A6363FD862D5D" authorityName="Allman" authorityYear="1877" box="[510,634,801,826]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Sertulariidae" genus="Thyroscyphus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Leptothecata" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="ramosus">
<emphasis id="24918F3EFF80F10CFE6A6363FD862D5D" box="[510,634,801,826]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">T. ramosus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
include those of 
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFCD06362FBD42D5C" author="Splettstosser, W." box="[836,1064,800,827]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 134" refId="ref150162" refString="Splettstosser, W. (1929) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Sertulariiden. Thyroscyphus Allm., Cnidoscyphus nov. gen., Parascyphus Ritchie. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere, 58, 1 - 134." type="journal article" year="1929">Splettstösser (1929)</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFBA26363FB2E2D5C" author="Fraser, C. M." box="[1078,1234,801,827]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" refId="ref133401" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1944) Hydroids of the Atlantic coast of North America. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 451 pp." type="book" year="1944">Fraser (1944)</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFB4B6363FA6B2D5C" author="Vervoort, W." box="[1247,1431,800,827]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 124" refId="ref153374" refString="Vervoort, W. (1968) Report on a collection of Hydroida from the Caribbean region, including an annotated checklist of Caribbean hydroids. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 92, 1 - 124." type="journal article" year="1968">Vervoort (1968)</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFF036306FEB92D38" author="Migotto, A. E." box="[151,325,836,863]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 125" refId="ref142856" refString="Migotto, A. E. (1996) Benthic shallow-water hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) of the coast of Sao Sebastiao, Brazil, including a checklist of Brazilian hydroids. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 306, 1 - 125." type="journal article" year="1996">Migotto (1996)</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFEC56306FD3E2D38" author="Shimabukuro, V. &amp; Marques, A. C." box="[337,706,836,863]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="29 - 42" refId="ref149865" refString="Shimabukuro, V. &amp; Marques, A. C. (2006) Morphometrical analysis, histology, and taxonomy of Thyroscyphus ramosus (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from the coast of Brazil. Zootaxa, 1184 (1), 29 - 42. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1184.1.2" type="journal article" year="2006">
Shimabukuro &amp; 
<collectingRegion id="D4219DCEFF80F10CFD986307FD922D38" box="[524,622,837,863]" country="Italy" name="Marche" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Marques</collectingRegion>
(2006)
</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFD596306FC9F2D38" author="Galea, H. R." box="[717,867,836,863]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 54" refId="ref133730" refString="Galea, H. R. (2008) On a collection of shallow-water hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Guadeloupe and Les Saintes, French Lesser Antilles. Zootaxa, 1878 (1), 1 - 54. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1878.1.1" type="journal article" year="2008">Galea (2008)</bibRefCitation>
, and 
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFC0A6306FBC12D38" author="Calder, D. R." box="[926,1085,836,863]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 72" refId="ref127887" refString="Calder, D. R. (2013) Some shallow-water hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the central east coast of Florida, USA. Zootaxa, 3648 (1), 1 - 72. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3648.1.1" type="journal article" year="2013">Calder (2013)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="165A532CFF80F10CFF53632BFE142DAC" blockId="76.[151,1437,152,1835]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
<emphasis id="24918F3EFF80F10CFF53632BFD322DE4" bold="true" box="[199,718,872,899]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
Reported distribution. 
<emphasis id="24918F3EFF80F10CFE43632AFD322DE4" bold="true" box="[471,718,872,899]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Gulf coast of Florida.</emphasis>
</emphasis>
South of Sand Key, 10 fathoms (
<quantity id="D11DFEC9FF80F10CFBAE632BFB8F2DE4" box="[1082,1139,873,899]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" unit="m" value="18.0">18 m</quantity>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFB1C632AFABE2DE4" author="Allman, G. J." box="[1160,1346,872,899]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 66" refId="ref123138" refString="Allman, G. J. (1877) Report on the Hydroida collected during the exploration of the Gulf Stream by L. F. de Pourtales, assistant United States Coast Survey. Memoirs of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, 5 (2), 1 - 66. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 15852" type="journal article" year="1877">Allman 1877: 11</bibRefCitation>
).—Dry 
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFF80F10CFF0363CFFF052DC0" box="[151,249,909,935]" name="Haiti" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Tortugas</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFE9C63CEFE232DC0" author="Wallace, W. S." box="[264,479,908,935]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="136 - 138" refId="ref153718" refString="Wallace, W. S. (1909) A collection of hydroids made at the Tortugas, during May, June, and July, 1908. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Year Book, 7, 136 - 138." type="journal article" year="1909">Wallace 1909: 137</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFE7863CEFD142DC0" author="Splettstosser, W." box="[492,744,908,935]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 134" refId="ref150162" refString="Splettstosser, W. (1929) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Sertulariiden. Thyroscyphus Allm., Cnidoscyphus nov. gen., Parascyphus Ritchie. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere, 58, 1 - 134." type="journal article" year="1929">Splettstösser 1929: 55</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFD6763CFFB712DC0" author="Van Gemerden-Hoogeveen, G. C. H." box="[755,1165,908,935]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 45" refId="ref152243" refString="Van Gemerden-Hoogeveen, G. C. H. (1965) Hydroids of the Caribbean: Sertulariidae, Plumulariidae and Aglaopheniidae. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands: No. 84. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao, 22, 1 - 45." type="journal article" year="1965">Van Gemerden-Hoogeveen 1965: 15</bibRefCitation>
).—Inside Florida Reef, 4 ftm (
<quantity id="D11DFEC9FF80F10CFF7763F3FEF32DAC" box="[227,271,945,971]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" unit="m" value="7.0">7 m</quantity>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFEB263F3FE272DAC" author="Fraser, C. M." box="[294,475,945,971]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="75 - 98" refId="ref133351" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1943) Distribution records of some hydroids in the collection of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, with description of new genera and new species. Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club, 22, 75 - 98." type="journal article" year="1943">Fraser 1943: 91</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="165A532CFF80F10CFF536396FDED294C" blockId="76.[151,1437,152,1835]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">
<emphasis id="24918F3EFF80F10CFF536396FD932D88" bold="true" box="[199,623,980,1007]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Elsewhere in western North Atlantic.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFF80F10CFDE26396FD492D89" box="[630,693,980,1006]" name="Cuba" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Cuba</collectingCountry>
: off Morro Castle, 100–250 ftm (
<quantity id="D11DFEC9FF80F10CFBB26396FB5B2D88" box="[1062,1191,980,1007]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" metricValueMax="4.57" metricValueMin="1.83" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" unit="m" value="320.0" valueMax="457.0" valueMin="183.0">183–457 m</quantity>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFB296396FA7C2D88" author="Nutting, C. C." box="[1213,1408,980,1007]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 251" refId="ref144459" refString="Nutting, C. C. (1895) Narrative and preliminary report of Bahama Expedition. Bulletin from the Laboratories of Natural History of the State University of Iowa, 3, 1 - 251. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 12426" type="journal article" year="1895">Nutting 1895: 87</bibRefCitation>
).– 
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFF80F10CFF0363BAFEF32A75" box="[151,271,1016,1042]" name="Venezuela" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
: near Los Testigos Islands, 
<quantity id="D11DFEC9FF80F10CFDD463BBFD842A74" box="[576,632,1017,1043]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" unit="m" value="11.0">11 m</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFD1263BAFCB32A74" author="Versluys, J." box="[646,847,1016,1043]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="29 - 58" refId="ref153250" refString="Versluys, J. (1899) Hydraires calyptoblastes recueillis dans la mer des Antilles pendant l'une des croisieres accomplies par le Comte R. de Dalmas sur son yacht Chazalie. Memoires de la Societe Zoologique de France, 12, 29 - 58." type="journal article" year="1899">Versluys 1899: 31</bibRefCitation>
).— 
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFF80F10CFCEC63BAFBB42A74" box="[888,1096,1016,1043]" name="Saint Barthelemy" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Saint-Barthélemy</collectingCountry>
: 2 ftm (
<quantity id="D11DFEC9FF80F10CFB0863BBFB352A74" box="[1180,1225,1017,1043]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" unit="m" value="4.0">4 m</quantity>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFB4B63BAFF3F2A50" author="Jaderholm, E." pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="259 - 312" refId="ref136756" refString="Jaderholm, E. (1903) Aussereuropaische Hydroiden im schwedischen Reichsmuseum. Arkiv for Zoologi, 1, 259 - 312." type="journal article" year="1903">Jäderholm 1903: 273</bibRefCitation>
).— 
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFF80F10CFF79645EFED62A50" box="[237,298,1052,1079]" name="Haiti" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Haiti</collectingCountry>
: Port du Paix (
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFE5C645EFD3C2A50" author="Splettstosser, W." box="[456,704,1052,1079]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 134" refId="ref150162" refString="Splettstosser, W. (1929) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Sertulariiden. Thyroscyphus Allm., Cnidoscyphus nov. gen., Parascyphus Ritchie. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere, 58, 1 - 134." type="journal article" year="1929">Splettstösser 1929: 55</bibRefCitation>
).— 
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFF80F10CFD64645EFC702A51" box="[752,908,1052,1078]" name="Virgin Islands" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Virgin Islands</collectingCountry>
of the 
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFF80F10CFC43645EFB8C2A50" box="[983,1136,1052,1079]" name="United States of America" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">United States</collectingCountry>
: St. John, “Loango Westindien” (=Lovango Cay) (
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFE346402FD6B2A3C" author="Splettstosser, W." box="[416,663,1088,1115]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 134" refId="ref150162" refString="Splettstosser, W. (1929) Beitrage zur Kenntnis der Sertulariiden. Thyroscyphus Allm., Cnidoscyphus nov. gen., Parascyphus Ritchie. Zoologische Jahrbucher, Abteilung fur Systematik, Okologie und Geographie der Tiere, 58, 1 - 134." type="journal article" year="1929">Splettstösser 1929: 55</bibRefCitation>
).— 
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFF80F10CFD556402FCD22A3C" box="[705,814,1088,1115]" name="Bahamas" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Bahamas</collectingCountry>
: off Orange Key, 9 ftm (
<quantity id="D11DFEC9FF80F10CFBAD6402FB8F2A3C" box="[1081,1139,1088,1115]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" unit="m" value="16.0">16 m</quantity>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFB1C6403FAC92A3C" author="Fraser, C. M." box="[1160,1333,1088,1115]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="75 - 98" refId="ref133351" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1943) Distribution records of some hydroids in the collection of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, with description of new genera and new species. Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club, 22, 75 - 98." type="journal article" year="1943">Fraser 1943: 91</bibRefCitation>
).— 
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFF80F10CFAF46402FF302A19" name="Trinidad and Tobago" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Trinidad</collectingCountry>
: Maguaripe Bay (=Macqueripe Bay) (
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFD176427FCC52A18" author="Fraser, C. M." box="[643,825,1124,1151]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="75 - 98" refId="ref133351" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1943) Distribution records of some hydroids in the collection of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, with description of new genera and new species. Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club, 22, 75 - 98." type="journal article" year="1943">Fraser 1943: 91</bibRefCitation>
).— 
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFF80F10CFCF76426FC302A18" box="[867,972,1124,1151]" name="Anguilla" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Anguilla</collectingCountry>
: off Sombrero, 240 ftm (
<quantity id="D11DFEC9FF80F10CFB7B6427FAC72A18" box="[1263,1339,1125,1151]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.39" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" unit="m" value="439.0">439 m</quantity>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFAC06427FF042AC4" author="Fraser, C. M." pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="75 - 98" refId="ref133351" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1943) Distribution records of some hydroids in the collection of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, with description of new genera and new species. Proceedings of the New England Zoological Club, 22, 75 - 98." type="journal article" year="1943">Fraser 1943: 91</bibRefCitation>
).— 
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFF80F10CFEB664CBFE4C2AC5" box="[290,432,1160,1187]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
: north coast, 
<geoCoordinate id="73D135EBFF80F10CFDD164CBFD2C2AC4" box="[581,720,1161,1187]" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" precision="15" seconds="30" value="18.508333">18°30’30”N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="73D135EBFF80F10CFD4864CAFC972AC4" box="[732,875,1160,1187]" degrees="66" direction="west" minutes="23" orientation="longitude" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" precision="15" seconds="05" value="-66.38472">66°23’05”W</geoCoordinate>
, 40 ftm (
<quantity id="D11DFEC9FF80F10CFC4564CBFBF02AC4" box="[977,1036,1161,1187]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" unit="m" value="73.0">73 m</quantity>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFBB764CBFB1D2AC4" author="Fraser, C. M." box="[1059,1249,1161,1187]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" refId="ref133401" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1944) Hydroids of the Atlantic coast of North America. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 451 pp." type="book" year="1944">Fraser 1944: 183</bibRefCitation>
).— 
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFF80F10CFA9E64CBFA652AC5" box="[1290,1433,1160,1187]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
: off 
<collectingRegion id="D4219DCEFF80F10CFF5464EEFEE52AA1" box="[192,281,1196,1222]" country="Puerto Rico" name="Culebra" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Culebra</collectingRegion>
Island, 
<geoCoordinate id="73D135EBFF80F10CFEE064EFFE032AA0" box="[372,511,1197,1223]" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="19" orientation="latitude" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" precision="15" seconds="10" value="18.319445">18°19’10”N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="73D135EBFF80F10CFD9864EEFD672AA0" box="[524,667,1196,1223]" degrees="65" direction="west" minutes="19" orientation="longitude" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" precision="15" seconds="40" value="-65.327774">65°19’40”W</geoCoordinate>
, 10 ftm (
<quantity id="D11DFEC9FF80F10CFC9064EFFCBC2AA0" box="[772,832,1197,1223]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" unit="m" value="18.0">18 m</quantity>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFCCC64EFFBE72AA0" author="Fraser, C. M." box="[856,1051,1197,1223]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" refId="ref133401" refString="Fraser, C. M. (1944) Hydroids of the Atlantic coast of North America. University of Toronto Press, Toronto, 451 pp." type="book" year="1944">Fraser 1944: 183</bibRefCitation>
).— 
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFF80F10CFBDC64EFFB242AA1" box="[1096,1240,1196,1223]" name="Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">St. Eustatius</collectingCountry>
: Oranjestad, near Billy Gut, tidal zone (
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFE1B6493FCD12A8C" author="Van Gemerden-Hoogeveen, G. C. H." box="[399,813,1232,1259]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 45" refId="ref152243" refString="Van Gemerden-Hoogeveen, G. C. H. (1965) Hydroids of the Caribbean: Sertulariidae, Plumulariidae and Aglaopheniidae. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands: No. 84. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao, 22, 1 - 45." type="journal article" year="1965">Van Gemerden-Hoogeveen 1965: 15</bibRefCitation>
).— 
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFF80F10CFCC36492FC322A8C" box="[855,974,1232,1259]" name="Colombia" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Colombia</collectingCountry>
: widespread (
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFBFD6493FF012B68" author="Van Gemerden-Hoogeveen, G. C. H." pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 45" refId="ref152243" refString="Van Gemerden-Hoogeveen, G. C. H. (1965) Hydroids of the Caribbean: Sertulariidae, Plumulariidae and Aglaopheniidae. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao and other Caribbean Islands: No. 84. Studies on the Fauna of Curacao, 22, 1 - 45." type="journal article" year="1965">Van Gemerden-Hoogeveen 1965: 15</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFE9364B6FE2E2B68" author="Wedler, E." box="[263,466,1268,1295]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="324 - 363" refId="ref153972" refString="Wedler, E. (1975) Okologische Untersuchungen an Hydroiden des Felslitorals von Santa Marta (Kolumbien). Helgolander Wissenschaftliche Meeresuntersuchungen, 27, 324 - 363. https: // doi. org / 10.1007 / BF 01611700" type="journal article" year="1975">Wedler 1975: 340</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFE4964B6FCF32B68" author="Florez Gonzalez, L." box="[477,783,1268,1295]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="112 - 140" refId="ref132251" refString="Florez Gonzalez, L. (1983) Inventario preliminar de la fauna hydroide de la Bahia de Cartagena y areas adyacentes. Boletin del Museo del Mar, Bogota, 11, 112 - 140." type="journal article" year="1983">Flórez González 1983: 123</bibRefCitation>
; 
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFC8E64B6FBA42B68" author="Bandel, K. &amp; Wedler, E." box="[794,1112,1268,1295]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 129" refId="ref124037" refString="Bandel, K. &amp; Wedler, E. (1987) Hydroid, amphineuran and gastropod zonation in the littoral of the Caribbean Sea, Colombia. Senckenbergiana Maritima, 19, 1 - 129." type="journal article" year="1987">Bandel and Wedler 1987: 41</bibRefCitation>
).— 
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFF80F10CFB1764B6FB3D2B68" box="[1155,1217,1268,1295]" name="Haiti" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Haiti</collectingCountry>
: St. Marc (
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFAAC64B7FF002B54" author="Vervoort, W." pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 124" refId="ref153374" refString="Vervoort, W. (1968) Report on a collection of Hydroida from the Caribbean region, including an annotated checklist of Caribbean hydroids. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 92, 1 - 124." type="journal article" year="1968">Vervoort 1968: 33</bibRefCitation>
).— 
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFF80F10CFEB1655AFE6F2B54" box="[293,403,1304,1331]" name="Barbados" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Barbados</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFE30655BFD8B2B54" author="Vervoort, W." box="[420,631,1304,1331]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 124" refId="ref153374" refString="Vervoort, W. (1968) Report on a collection of Hydroida from the Caribbean region, including an annotated checklist of Caribbean hydroids. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 92, 1 - 124." type="journal article" year="1968">Vervoort 1968: 33</bibRefCitation>
).— 
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFF80F10CFD34655AFCE02B54" box="[672,796,1304,1331]" name="Venezuela" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
: La Guaira (
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFC3A655BFB7D2B54" author="Vervoort, W." box="[942,1153,1304,1331]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 124" refId="ref153374" refString="Vervoort, W. (1968) Report on a collection of Hydroida from the Caribbean region, including an annotated checklist of Caribbean hydroids. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 92, 1 - 124." type="journal article" year="1968">Vervoort 1968: 33</bibRefCitation>
).— 
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFF80F10CFB3D655AFAB22B55" box="[1193,1358,1304,1331]" name="Virgin Islands" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Virgin Islands</collectingCountry>
of the 
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFF80F10CFF03657EFECC2B30" box="[151,304,1340,1367]" name="United States of America" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">United States</collectingCountry>
: St. Thomas, sound + Savannah Passage (
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFD68657FFC3A2B30" author="Vervoort, W." box="[764,966,1340,1367]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 124" refId="ref153374" refString="Vervoort, W. (1968) Report on a collection of Hydroida from the Caribbean region, including an annotated checklist of Caribbean hydroids. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 92, 1 - 124." type="journal article" year="1968">Vervoort 1968: 33</bibRefCitation>
).— 
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFF80F10CFC7B657EFB6C2B31" box="[1007,1168,1340,1367]" name="Virgin Islands" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Virgin Islands</collectingCountry>
of the 
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFF80F10CFB4F657EFA882B30" box="[1243,1396,1340,1367]" name="United States of America" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">United States</collectingCountry>
: St. John, south coast (
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFEF56523FDD02B1C" author="Vervoort, W." box="[353,556,1376,1403]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 124" refId="ref153374" refString="Vervoort, W. (1968) Report on a collection of Hydroida from the Caribbean region, including an annotated checklist of Caribbean hydroids. Zoologische Verhandelingen, 92, 1 - 124." type="journal article" year="1968">Vervoort 1968: 33</bibRefCitation>
).— 
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFF80F10CFDCC6523FD692B1C" box="[600,661,1377,1403]" name="United States of America" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">USA</collectingCountry>
: 
<collectingRegion id="D4219DCEFF80F10CFD0A6522FD0E2B1D" box="[670,754,1376,1402]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Florida</collectingRegion>
, Indian River region, Sebastian Inlet + Fort Pierce breakwater (
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFF0B65C6FE802BF9" author="Winston, J. E." box="[159,380,1412,1439]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="99 - 176" refId="ref155125" refString="Winston, J. E. (1982) Marine bryozoans (Ectoprocta) of the Indian River area (Florida). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 173, 99 - 176." type="journal article" year="1982">Winston 1982: 164</bibRefCitation>
, 165; 2009: 231).— 
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFF80F10CFDF065C7FD5D2BF8" box="[612,673,1413,1439]" name="United States of America" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">USA</collectingCountry>
: 
<collectingRegion id="D4219DCEFF80F10CFD3965C6FCA72BF9" box="[685,859,1412,1438]" country="United States of America" name="South Carolina" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">South Carolina</collectingRegion>
, middle continental shelf E of Cape Island, 
<quantity id="D11DFEC9FF80F10CFAC265C6FF512BA4" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" metricValueMax="3.6" metricValueMin="3.2" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" unit="m" value="34.0" valueMax="36.0" valueMin="32.0">32–36 m</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFF2A65EBFE312BA4" author="Wenner, E. L. &amp; Hinde, P. &amp; Knott, D. M. &amp; Van Dolah, R. F." box="[190,461,1448,1475]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 104" refId="ref154596" refString="Wenner, E. L., Hinde, P., Knott, D. M. &amp; Van Dolah, R. F. (1984) A temporal and spatial study of invertebrate communities associated with hard-bottom habitats in the South Atlantic Bight. United States Department of Commerce, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA Technical Report NMFS, 18, 1 - 104." type="journal article" year="1984">
Wenner 
<emphasis id="24918F3EFF80F10CFEB565EBFEA92BA5" box="[289,341,1448,1474]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">et al</emphasis>
. 1984: 40
</bibRefCitation>
).— 
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFF80F10CFE6165EBFD792BA5" box="[501,645,1448,1475]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
: Mona Island and Desecheo Island (
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFBB865EBFB072BA4" author="Larson, R. J." box="[1068,1275,1448,1475]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="512 - 515" refId="ref138562" refString="Larson, R. J. (1987) The ecology of the western Atlantic athecate hydroid, Solanderia gracilis. Bulletin of Marine Science, 40, 512 - 515." type="journal article" year="1987">Larson 1987: 514</bibRefCitation>
).— 
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFF80F10CFAB065EAFA652BA4" box="[1316,1433,1448,1475]" name="Colombia" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Colombia</collectingCountry>
: Bahía de Chengue, on 
<taxonomicName id="D1E528AFFF80F10CFE0B658EFC7C2B80" authority="(Reyes &amp; Campos 1992: 108)" authorityPageNumber="108" baseAuthorityName="Reyes &amp; Campos" baseAuthorityPageNumber="108" baseAuthorityYear="1992" box="[415,896,1484,1511]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhizophoraceae" genus="Rhizophora" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="24918F3EFF80F10CFE0B658EFDDE2B81" box="[415,546,1484,1510]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Rhizophora</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFDA6658FFC842B80" author="Reyes, R. &amp; Campos, N. H." box="[562,888,1485,1511]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="101 - 116" refId="ref148013" refString="Reyes, R. &amp; Campos, N. H. (1992) Macroinvertebrados colonizadores de raices de Rhizophora mangle en la Bahia de Chengue, Caribe Colombiano. Anales del Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas de Punta Betin, 21, 101 - 116. https: // doi. org / 10.25268 / bimc. invemar. 1992.21.0.422" type="journal article" year="1992">Reyes &amp; Campos 1992: 108</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.— 
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFF80F10CFC36658FFBDA2B81" box="[930,1062,1484,1511]" name="Costa Rica" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Costa Rica</collectingCountry>
: near 
<collectingRegion id="D4219DCEFF80F10CFBF8658EFB462B81" box="[1132,1210,1484,1510]" country="Costa Rica" name="Limon" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Limón</collectingRegion>
, 
<quantity id="D11DFEC9FF80F10CFB53658FFAE22B80" box="[1223,1310,1485,1511]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" unit="m" value="14.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="9.0">9–20 m</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFABB658EFEA5286C" author="Kelmo, F. &amp; Vargas, R." pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="599 - 627" refId="ref137419" refString="Kelmo, F. &amp; Vargas, R. (2002) Anthoathecatae and Leptothecatae hydroids from Costa Rica (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa). Revista de Biologia Tropical, 50, 599 - 627." type="journal article" year="2002">Kelmo &amp; Vargas 2002: 606</bibRefCitation>
).— 
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFF80F10CFE1765B2FE1E286C" box="[387,482,1520,1547]" name="Panama" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Panama</collectingCountry>
: 
<collectingRegion id="D4219DCEFF80F10CFE7F65B3FD6F286C" box="[491,659,1520,1547]" country="Panama" name="Bocas del Toro" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Bocas del Toro</collectingRegion>
, Swan’s Key, 
<geoCoordinate id="73D135EBFF80F10CFCBA65B3FC33286C" box="[814,975,1521,1547]" degrees="09" direction="north" minutes="27" orientation="latitude" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" precision="1" seconds="12.2" value="9.453389">09°27’12.2”N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="73D135EBFF80F10CFC4D65B3FB81286C" box="[985,1149,1521,1547]" degrees="82" direction="west" minutes="18" orientation="longitude" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" precision="1" seconds="01.8" value="-82.30051">82°18’01.8”W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="D11DFEC9FF80F10CFB1365B3FB31286C" box="[1159,1229,1521,1547]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" unit="m" value="2.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="1.0">1–4 m</quantity>
+ Boca del Drago, 
<quantity id="D11DFEC9FF80F10CFF036657FF232848" box="[151,223,1557,1583]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" unit="m" value="1.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="0.0">0–3 m</quantity>
+ Drago 2, 2– 
<quantity id="D11DFEC9FF80F10CFE136657FE4F2848" box="[391,435,1557,1583]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" unit="m" value="4.0">4 m</quantity>
(
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFE576656FCD12848" author="Calder, D. R. &amp; Kirkendale, L." box="[451,813,1556,1583]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="476 - 491" refId="ref128387" refString="Calder, D. R. &amp; Kirkendale, L. (2005) Hydroids (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) from shallow-water environments along the Caribbean Coast of Panama. Caribbean Journal of Science, 41, 476 - 491." type="journal article" year="2005">Calder &amp; Kirkendale 2005: 484</bibRefCitation>
).—French Lesser Antilles: Les Saintes, Terre-de-Haut, Pain de Sucre, 
<geoCoordinate id="73D135EBFF80F10CFEDF667AFE2B2834" box="[331,471,1592,1619]" degrees="15" direction="north" minutes="51" orientation="latitude" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" precision="15" seconds="45" value="15.8625">15°51’45”N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="73D135EBFF80F10CFE73667AFD8A2834" box="[487,630,1592,1619]" degrees="61" direction="west" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" precision="15" seconds="60" value="-61.6">61°35’60”W</geoCoordinate>
, rocky shore (
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFCB4667AFC292834" author="Galea, H. R." box="[800,981,1592,1619]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 54" refId="ref133730" refString="Galea, H. R. (2008) On a collection of shallow-water hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Guadeloupe and Les Saintes, French Lesser Antilles. Zootaxa, 1878 (1), 1 - 54. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1878.1.1" type="journal article" year="2008">Galea 2008: 39</bibRefCitation>
).— 
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFF80F10CFC6B667AFBA72834" box="[1023,1115,1592,1619]" name="Mexico" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Mexico</collectingCountry>
: 
<collectingRegion id="D4219DCEFF80F10CFBFD667AFB232835" box="[1129,1247,1592,1618]" country="Mexico" name="Campeche" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Campeche</collectingRegion>
(
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFB66667BFEFB2810" author="Lopez Garrido, P. H." pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="155 - 172" refId="ref140077" refString="Lopez Garrido, P. H. (2008) Organismos marinos asociados al patrimonio cultural sumergido de Campeche, Mexico: relacion y efectos de la interaccion biologica. Arqueologia, 39, 155 - 172." type="journal article" year="2008">López Garrido 2008: 168</bibRefCitation>
).—French Lesser Antilles: 
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFF80F10CFDD1661EFD332811" box="[581,719,1628,1654]" name="Guadeloupe" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Guadeloupe</collectingCountry>
, Grande-Terre, Les Ancres, 
<geoCoordinate id="73D135EBFF80F10CFB84661EFB582811" box="[1040,1188,1628,1654]" degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="27.002" orientation="latitude" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" precision="1" value="16.450033">16°27.002’N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="73D135EBFF80F10CFB25661EFAB52811" box="[1201,1353,1628,1654]" degrees="61" direction="west" minutes="32.320" orientation="longitude" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" precision="1" value="-61.538666">61°32.320’W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="D11DFEC9FF80F10CFAC2661EFF5128FC" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" unit="m" value="16.5" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="15.0">15–18 m</quantity>
+ L’Oeil, 
<geoCoordinate id="73D135EBFF80F10CFEB066C2FE4528FD" box="[292,441,1664,1690]" degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="26.782" orientation="latitude" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" precision="1" value="16.446367">16°26.782’N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="73D135EBFF80F10CFE5166C2FDA128FC" box="[453,605,1664,1691]" degrees="61" direction="west" minutes="32.405" orientation="longitude" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" precision="1" value="-61.540085">61°32.405’W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="D11DFEC9FF80F10CFDFE66C3FD3228FC" box="[618,718,1665,1691]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" unit="m" value="14.5" valueMax="17.0" valueMin="12.0">12–17 m</quantity>
+ Pointe d’Antigues, 
<geoCoordinate id="73D135EBFF80F10CFC5D66C2FBA128FC" box="[969,1117,1664,1691]" degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="26.251" orientation="latitude" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" precision="1" value="16.437517">16°26.251’N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="73D135EBFF80F10CFBFE66C2FAFE28FC" box="[1130,1282,1664,1691]" degrees="61" direction="west" minutes="32.523" orientation="longitude" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" precision="1" value="-61.54205">61°32.523’W</geoCoordinate>
(
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFA8566C2FF5928D8" author="Galea, H. R." pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 40" refId="ref133783" refString="Galea, H. R. (2010) Additional shallow-water thecate hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from Guadeloupe and Les Saintes, French Lesser Antilles. Zootaxa, 2570 (1), 1 - 40. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 2570.1.1" type="journal article" year="2010">Galea 2010: 4</bibRefCitation>
).— 
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFF80F10CFF4566E6FEED28D8" box="[209,273,1700,1727]" name="Cuba" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Cuba</collectingCountry>
: Golfo de Batabanó (
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFD9766E6FC6E28D8" author="Castellanos-Iglesias, S. &amp; Varela, C. &amp; Ortiz Toucet, M. &amp; Orozco, M. V." box="[515,914,1700,1727]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="9 - 29" refId="ref128858" refString="Castellanos-Iglesias, S., Varela, C., Ortiz Toucet, M. &amp; Orozco, M. V. (2011) Los hidrozoos (Cnidaria, Hydrozoa) de la Cayeria sur del Golfo de Batabano, Cuba. Revista Ciencias Marinas y Costeras, 3, 9 - 29. https: // doi. org / 10.15359 / revmar. 3.1" type="journal article" year="2011">
Castellanos-Iglesias 
<emphasis id="24918F3EFF80F10CFD7966E7FCE328D9" box="[749,799,1700,1726]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">et al</emphasis>
. 2011: 20
</bibRefCitation>
).—French Lesser Antilles: 
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFF80F10CFB5966E6FAB528D9" box="[1229,1353,1700,1726]" name="Martinique" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Martinique</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFACD66E6FF012884" author="Galea, H. R." pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 50" refId="ref133834" refString="Galea, H. R. (2013) New additions to the shallow-water hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) of the French Lesser Antilles: Martinique. Zootaxa, 3686 (1), 1 - 50. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3686.1.1" type="journal article" year="2013">Galea 2013: 50</bibRefCitation>
).— 
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFF80F10CFEBC668AFE992884" box="[296,357,1736,1763]" name="United States of America" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">USA</collectingCountry>
: 
<collectingRegion id="D4219DCEFF80F10CFEE5668AFE392885" box="[369,453,1736,1762]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Florida</collectingRegion>
, off Fort Pierce, 
<geoCoordinate id="73D135EBFF80F10CFD1C668AFD032885" box="[648,767,1736,1762]" degrees="27" direction="north" minutes="29.6" orientation="latitude" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" precision="92" value="27.493334">27°29.6’N</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate id="73D135EBFF80F10CFC99668BFC762884" box="[781,906,1737,1763]" degrees="80" direction="west" minutes="17.0" orientation="longitude" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" precision="92" value="-80.28333">80°17.0’W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity id="D11DFEC9FF80F10CFC02668BFC232884" box="[918,991,1737,1763]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" unit="m" value="7.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="7.0">7–8 m</quantity>
+ Fort Pierce Inlet, north jetty (
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFAC4668AFF062960" author="Calder, D. R." pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="1 - 72" refId="ref127887" refString="Calder, D. R. (2013) Some shallow-water hydroids (Cnidaria: Hydrozoa) from the central east coast of Florida, USA. Zootaxa, 3648 (1), 1 - 72. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3648.1.1" type="journal article" year="2013">Calder 2013: 24</bibRefCitation>
).—Caribbean Sea (
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFE4D66AEFD482960" author="Wedler, E." box="[473,692,1772,1799]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" refId="ref154158" refString="Wedler, E. (2017 b) Hidroides del Mar Caribe con enfasis en la region de Santa Marta, Colombia. Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas y Costeras-INVEMAR. Serie de Publicaciones Generales del INVEMAR # 94, Santa Marta, Colombia, 200 pp." type="book" year="2017">Wedler 2017b: 138</bibRefCitation>
, figs. 152–155A, B, 156).— 
<collectingCountry id="6EF213BCFF80F10CFC6666AEFBAE2960" box="[1010,1106,1772,1799]" name="Panama" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Panama</collectingCountry>
: 
<collectingRegion id="D4219DCEFF80F10CFBC966AFFAFA2960" box="[1117,1286,1772,1799]" country="Panama" name="Bocas del Toro" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">Bocas del Toro</collectingRegion>
area, Swan’s Cay (
<bibRefCitation id="72742EDDFF80F10CFF476752FDF8294C" author="Miglietta, M. P. &amp; Piraino, S. &amp; Pruski, S. &amp; Alpizar Gonzalez, M. &amp; Castellanos-Iglesias, S. &amp; Jeronimo-Aguilar, S. &amp; Lawley, J. W. &amp; Maggioni, D. &amp; Martell, L. &amp; Matsumoto, Y. &amp; Moncada, A. &amp; Nagale, P. &amp; Phongphattarawat, S. &amp; Sheridan, C. &amp; Soto Angel, J. J. &amp; Sukhoputova, A. &amp; Collin, R." box="[211,516,1808,1835]" pageId="76" pageNumber="77" pagination="102 - 112" refId="ref142724" refString="Miglietta, M. P., Piraino, S., Pruski, S., Alpizar Gonzalez, M., Castellanos-Iglesias, S., Jeronimo-Aguilar, S., Lawley, J. W., Maggioni, D., Martell, L., Matsumoto, Y., Moncada, A., Nagale, P., Phongphattarawat, S., Sheridan, C., Soto Angel, J. J., Sukhoputova, A. &amp; Collin, R. (2018 b) An integrative identification guide to the Hydrozoa (Cnidaria) of Bocas del Toro, Panama. Neotropical Biodiversity, 4, 102 - 112. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 23766808.2018.1488656" type="journal article" year="2018">
Miglietta 
<emphasis id="24918F3EFF80F10CFED66753FE8F294D" box="[322,371,1808,1834]" italics="true" pageId="76" pageNumber="77">et al</emphasis>
. 2018b: 108
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>