117 lines
14 KiB
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117 lines
14 KiB
XML
<document id="EDBC1C90D844C4381C632D068F76B6A7" ID-CLB-Dataset="39107" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.171144" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7b235ee0-db22-4606-8a01-05936f594932" ID-Zenodo-Dep="171144" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1462832099420" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Ward, P. S." docDate="2005" docId="9E2AA724FFCAFFC9FEBFFDC9C140FB94" docLanguage="en" docName="zt00936.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 936" docStyle="DocumentStyle:8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429.6:Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleId="8B0D3ECF822058C8413568C103B59429" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.monograph" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Formica Linnaeus" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="29" masterDocId="6213DF5CFFD6FFD5FFB7FFFAC458FFBD" masterDocTitle="A synoptic review of the ants of California (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="29" updateTime="1698662418635" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="B13F61AB7352BD1FB82D9F2B33E06492">A synoptic review of the ants of California (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="B78E83AABC60838674B10FE2E881532C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="45E918AFDF5E5A7D888EF05F3FEC4789">Ward, P. S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="4B845A9F01E37DE5F6F54E17958857D5">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="5D502999BD15D4475CBD4ADC48C3D5A1">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="80246EC0F093899A757545FD74D71191">
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<mods:date id="A8EFC4BF45A1015688E91184A7F20159">2005</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="441A076BB914EEB8DBEB6EB0592CA406" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="341DD332FABBA66BE831E674F6DC224C">936</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="364041EA5ED60919CF6542A1BB6AE2D0">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="5EF6F3FC94D2031A855306A66960DF2F">68</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="8DE04FBF40B26B260A69AF6CC0C4A3E5">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="3A1877CE406CCAAB2A20D0EF17426E2E" type="CLB-Dataset">39107</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C8B3072827A32709F702175B793F1099" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.171144</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="9E2AA724FFCAFFC9FEBFFDC9C140FB94" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6268858" ID-GBIF-Taxon="120674467" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6268858" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9E2AA724FFCAFFC9FEBFFDC9C140FB94" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9E2AA724FFCAFFC9FEBFFDC9C140FB94" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<subSubSection id="5E9945B9FFCAFFC9FEBFFDC9C140FB94" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="163C1632FFCAFFC9FEBFFDC9C61BFDF0" blockId="28.[264,579,563,590]" box="[264,579,563,590]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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<heading id="4D74A15EFFCAFFC9FEBFFDC9C61BFDF0" bold="true" box="[264,579,563,590]" fontSize="11" level="6" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" reason="0">
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<emphasis id="24F7CA20FFCAFFC9FEBFFDC9C61BFDF0" bold="true" box="[264,579,563,590]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="D1836DB1FFCAFFC9FEE8FDCEC61BFDF0" ID-CoL="4KS4" authority="Linnaeus" authorityName="Linnaeus" box="[351,579,563,590]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="24F7CA20FFCAFFC9FEE8FDCEC59FFDF3" bold="true" box="[351,455,564,590]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Formica</emphasis>
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Linnaeus
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="163C1632FFCAFFC9FEBFFD85C582FCDC" blockId="28.[264,1325,639,1065]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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In California the members of this genus are most prevalent in montane habitats, although a few species occur in drier, low elevation sites.
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<taxonomicName id="D1836DB1FFCAFFC9FCF1FD5DC7F3FD7D" box="[838,939,679,704]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="24F7CA20FFCAFFC9FCF1FD5DC7F3FD7D" box="[838,939,679,704]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Formica</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species are groundnesting ants with generalist foraging habits. Francoeur’s (1973) authoritative revision of the
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<taxonomicName id="D1836DB1FFCAFFC9FB72FD35C51DFCAD" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fusca">
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<emphasis id="24F7CA20FFCAFFC9FB72FD35C51DFCAD" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Formica fusca</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group allows the species in that group to be relatively easily identified. Taxonomic difficulties still plague the
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<taxonomicName id="D1836DB1FFCAFFC9FDF6FCE5C685FC85" box="[577,733,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Formica" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufa">
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<emphasis id="24F7CA20FFCAFFC9FDF6FCE5C685FC85" box="[577,733,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Formica rufa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group, which contains most of the remaining species in California.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="163C1632FFCAFFC9FE8FFC95C140FB94" blockId="28.[264,1325,639,1065]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
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Species identification: keys in
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<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCAFFC9FD28FC95C736FC34" author="Francoeur" box="[671,878,879,905]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Francoeur, A. (1973) Revision taxonomique des especes nearctiques du groupe fusca, genre Formica (Formicidae, Hymenoptera). Memoires de la Societe Entomologique du Quebec, 3, 1 - 316." type="journal article" year="1973">Francoeur (1973)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCAFFC9FCCDFC95C0B9FC34" author="Wheeler" box="[890,1249,879,905]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Wheeler, G. C. & Wheeler, J. (1986 g) The ants of Nevada. Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County, Los Angeles, vii + 138 pp." type="book" year="1986" yearSuffix="g">
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Wheeler and Wheeler (
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)
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCAFFC9FB5AFC95C64FFC0C" author="Snelling" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Snelling, R. R. & Buren, W. F. (1985) Description of a new species of slave-making ant in the Formica sanguinea group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Great Lakes Entomologist, 18, 69 - 78." type="journal article" year="1985">Snelling and Buren (1985)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCAFFC9FDE1FC6DC7E8FC0C" author="Mackay" box="[598,944,919,945]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Mackay, W. & Mackay, E. (2002) The ants of New Mexico (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Edwin Mellen Press, Lewiston, New York, 400 pp." type="book" year="2002">Mackay and Mackay (2002)</bibRefCitation>
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. Additional references:
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<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCAFFC9FB6AFC6DC530FC64" author="Agosti" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Agosti, D. (1994 b) The phylogeny of the ant tribe Formicini (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) with the description of a new genus. Systematic Entomology, 19, 93 - 117." type="journal article" year="1994" yearSuffix="b">Agosti (1994b)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCAFFC9FEC3FC45C6ECFC64" author="Agosti" box="[372,692,959,985]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Agosti, D. & Bolton, B. (1990 b) New characters to differentiate the ant genera Lasius F. and Formica L. (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Entomologist's Gazette, 41, 149 - 156." type="journal article" year="1990" yearSuffix="b">Agosti and Bolton (1990b)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCAFFC9FD76FC45C737FC64" author="Buren" box="[705,879,959,985]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Buren, W. F. (1968 a) Some fundamental taxonomic problems in Formica (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Journal of the Georgia Entomological Society, 3, 25 - 40." type="journal article" year="1968" yearSuffix="a">Buren (1968a)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCAFFC9FCCCFC45C057FC64" author="Cole" box="[891,1039,959,985]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Cole, A. C., Jr. (1956 d) In defense of the integrity of an ant. Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Science, 31, 212 - 214." type="journal article" year="1956" yearSuffix="d">Cole (1956d</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCAFFC9FBAAFC45C03CFC64" author="Cole" box="[1053,1124,959,985]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Cole, A. C., Jr. (1956 f) Studies of Nevada ants. III. The status of Formica nevadensis Wheeler (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Science, 31, 256 - 257." type="journal article" year="1956" yearSuffix="f">1956f</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCAFFC9FBC7FC45C0E5FC64" author="Cole" box="[1136,1213,959,985]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Cole, A. C., Jr. (1956 g) Studies of Nevada ants. IV. Descriptions of sexual castes of three members of the rufa group of the genus Formica L. Journal of the Tennessee Academy of Science, 31, 257 - 260." type="journal article" year="1956" yearSuffix="g">
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<quantity id="D17BBBD7FFCAFFC9FBC7FC45C0E5FC64" box="[1136,1213,959,985]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="1.956" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="g" value="1956.0">1956g</quantity>
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</bibRefCitation>
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),
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<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCAFFC9FB64FC45C5D7FBBC" author="Creighton" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Creighton, W. S. (1940 a) A revision of the North American variants of the ant Formica rufa. American Museum Novitates, 1055, 1 - 10." type="journal article" year="1940" yearSuffix="a">Creighton (1940a</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCAFFC9FE17FC1DC5B3FBBC" author="Creighton" box="[416,491,999,1025]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Creighton, W. S. (1950 a) The ants of North America. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology, 104, 1 - 585." type="journal article" year="1950" yearSuffix="a">1950a</bibRefCitation>
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),
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||
<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCAFFC9FDB2FC1DC69BFBBC" author="Dlussky" box="[517,707,999,1025]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Dlussky, G. M. (1967 a) Ants of the genus Formica (Hymenoptera, Formicidae, g. Formica). [In Russian.] Nauka Publishing House, Moskva, 236 pp." type="book" year="1967">Dlussky (1967)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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||
<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCAFFC9FD63FC1DC017FBBC" author="Francoeur" box="[724,1103,999,1025]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Francoeur, A. & Snelling, R. R. (1979) Notes for a revision of the ant genus Formica. 2. Reidentifications for some specimens from the T. W. Cook collection and new distribution data (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Contributions in Science (Los Angeles), 309, 1 - 7." type="journal article" year="1979">Francoeur and Snelling (1979)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCAFFC9FBD7FC1DC170FBBC" author="Gosswald" box="[1120,1320,999,1025]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Gosswald, K. (1989) Die Waldameise. Band 1. Biologische Grundlagen, Okologie und Verhalten. AULA-Verlag, Wiesbaden, xi + 660 pp." type="book" year="1989">Gösswald (1989</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCAFFC9FEBFFBF5C51EFB94" author="Gosswald" box="[264,326,1039,1065]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Gosswald, K. (1990) Die Waldameise. Band 2. Die Waldameise im Okosystem Wald, ihr Nutzen und ihre Hege. AULA-Verlag, Wiesbaden, x + 510 pp." type="book" year="1990">1990</bibRefCitation>
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),
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<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCAFFC9FEECFBF5C66EFB94" author="Savolainen" box="[347,566,1039,1065]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Savolainen, R. (1998) Evolution of social parasitism in Formica ants. [Abstract.] In: Schwarz, M. P. & Hogendoorn, K. (Eds), Social insects at the turn of the millenium. Proceedings of the XIII International Congress of IUSSI. Adelaide, Australia. 29 December 1998 - 3 January 1999. XIII Congress of IUSSI, Adelaide, p. 417." type="journal article" year="1998">Savolainen (1998)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCAFFC9FDF5FBF5C6B8FB94" author="Smith" box="[578,736,1039,1065]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Smith, D. R. (1979) Superfamily Formicoidea. In: Krombein, K. V., Hurd, P. D., Smith, D. R. & Burks, B. D. (Eds), Catalog of Hymenoptera in America north of Mexico. Volume 2. Apocrita (Aculeata). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D. C., pp. 1323 - 1467." type="book" year="1979">Smith (1979)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCAFFC9FD5BFBF5C78BFB94" box="[748,979,1039,1065]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Trager, J. C., MacGown, J. A. & Trager, M. D. (2005) A revision of the Nearctic endemic Formica pallidefulva group. Memoirs of the American Entomological Institute, in press." type="book">
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Trager
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<emphasis id="24F7CA20FFCAFFC9FCF7FBF5C72CFB95" box="[832,884,1039,1064]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">et al</emphasis>
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. (2005)
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</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="72126BC3FFCAFFC9FC68FBF5C14CFB94" author="Wilson" box="[991,1300,1039,1065]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" refString="Wilson, E. O. & Brown, W. L., Jr. (1955) Revisionary notes on the sanguinea and neogagates groups of the ant genus Formica. Psyche (Cambridge), 62, 108 - 129." type="journal article" year="1955">Wilson and Brown (1955)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |