593 lines
87 KiB
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593 lines
87 KiB
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<document id="7BF6AE825D1D679B84C9C340D43D6FEF" ID-DOI="10.1016/j.ijppaw.2021.09.006" ID-ISSN="2213-2244" ID-PMC="PMC8688888" ID-PubMed="34976724" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10668222" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="valdenar" checkinTime="1708028764733" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Dutton, Haley R., DuPreez, Louis H., Urabe, Misako & Bullard, Stephen A." docDate="2022" docId="7C570C1034148837FC84866B7201FB7B" docLanguage="en" docName="IntJParasitolParasitesWildlife.17.43-52.pdf" docOrigin="International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife 17" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijppaw.2021.09.006" docStyle="DocumentStyle:77CC2CF2FBA7BCD129DD16D0D4F96931.1:IntJParasitolParasitesWildlife.2012-.journal_article" docStyleId="77CC2CF2FBA7BCD129DD16D0D4F96931" docStyleName="IntJParasitolParasitesWildlife.2012-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Paraharmotrema karinganiense Dutton & DuPreez & Urabe & Bullard 2022, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="49" masterDocId="806E746834178831FFB68477706BFF9C" masterDocTitle="Paraharmotrema karinganiense n. gen., n. sp. (Digenea: Liolopidae) infecting the intestine of serrated hinged terrapin (Pelusios sinuatus), east African black mud turtle (Pelusios subniger), and South African helmeted turtle (Pelomedusa galeata) and a phylogenetic hypothesis for liolopid genera" masterLastPageNumber="52" masterPageNumber="43" pageNumber="46" updateTime="1712173883734" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0">
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<mods:title id="55D326C79FB09FE3C62345A6D9FAF0FB">Paraharmotrema karinganiense n. gen., n. sp. (Digenea: Liolopidae) infecting the intestine of serrated hinged terrapin (Pelusios sinuatus), east African black mud turtle (Pelusios subniger), and South African helmeted turtle (Pelomedusa galeata) and a phylogenetic hypothesis for liolopid genera</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="1C9340AED86DAEAC1B6B25568CB42ADE">Dutton, Haley R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="498074212D61FAACEC75D5B80D079966">Aquatic Parasitology Laboratory and Southeastern Cooperative Fish Parasite and Disease Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, & Aquatic Sciences, College of Agriculture, Auburn University, 559 Devall Dr., Auburn, AL, 36832, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="07A3F81C0025012F628F27CC0A17F5AC" type="email">hzd0026@auburn.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="4E8ADEEC28C5C20DCE9540265C90DE94">DuPreez, Louis H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="AFE6DBDBAD2B906B25B1658130532E5A">African Amphibian Conservation Research Group, Unit for Environmental Sciences and Management, North-West University, Private Bag × 6001, Potchefstroom, 2520, South Africa & South African Institute for Aquatic Biodiversity, Somerset Street, Grahamstown 6139, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="45BEA3BCA6B5C6E44FA4A84C91ED1F99">Urabe, Misako</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7C61D6277FA11CBBC139E35A62424054">University Shiga Prefecture, Department of Ecosystem Studies, Faculty of Environmental Science, 2500 Hassaka, Hikone, Shiga, 5228533, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BA75A97C41B3022A0F045DEA40D1D603">Bullard, Stephen A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A9C6E9E2A294BF32D7B3331190FFD5B7">Aquatic Parasitology Laboratory and Southeastern Cooperative Fish Parasite and Disease Laboratory, School of Fisheries, Aquaculture, & Aquatic Sciences, College of Agriculture, Auburn University, 559 Devall Dr., Auburn, AL, 36832, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="73F5C481DC05BE98AE224DB10D651A00">International Journal for Parasitology: Parasites and Wildlife</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B0B886F69730A5643513EEED613D1388">2022</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="5D3DE1CF3568D178E8D1811B6CF2E392">2022-04-30</mods:number>
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<subSubSection id="BCE4EE8D34148832FC84866B753DFDB3" box="[818,1366,540,559]" pageId="3" pageNumber="46" type="nomenclature">
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<heading id="AF090A6A34148832FC84866B753DFDB3" box="[818,1366,540,559]" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="46" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="C68A611434148832FC84866B753DFDB3" box="[818,1366,540,559]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="46">
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<emphasis id="C68A611434148832FC84866B749EFDB3" bold="true" box="[818,1269,540,559]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="46">
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3.2.
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<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534148832FCD4866B7411FDB3" ID-CoL="8VHY5" authority="Dutton & DuPreez & Urabe & Bullard, 2022" authorityName="Dutton & DuPreez & Urabe & Bullard" authorityYear="2022" box="[866,1146,540,559]" class="Trematoda" family="Liolopidae" genus="Paraharmotrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="3" pageNumber="46" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="karinganiense" status="sp. nov.">Paraharmotrema karinganiense</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="DDB9DC6F34148832FB37866B74D9FDB3" box="[1153,1202,540,559]" pageId="3" pageNumber="46" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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Dutton
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&
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<emphasis id="C68A611434148832FAA2866B753DFDB3" bold="true" box="[1300,1366,540,559]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="46">Bullard</emphasis>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="BCE4EE8D34148834FC8486237391F901" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="3" pageNumber="46" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="F441BD0634148832FC848623751CFD1F" blockId="3.[818,1491,595,1982]" pageId="3" pageNumber="46">
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<emphasis id="C68A611434148832FC848623751CFD1F" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="46">
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3.2.1. Diagnosis of adult specimens (based on six whole-mounted specimens and one hologenophore;
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<collectionCode id="92EF25C334148832FBB886077421FD1F" box="[1038,1098,624,643]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="3" pageNumber="46" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
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coll. nos. 1659278c\, 1659286)
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</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="F441BD0634148832FCE786FB7417FB2D" blockId="3.[818,1491,595,1982]" pageId="3" pageNumber="46">
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Body 8950 12,675 (10,583 ± 1590; 6) long, 1375 1625 (1504 ± 106; 7) in maximum width at level of ovary (
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<figureCitation id="6CC5A18334148832FB6786D0754AFD26" box="[1233,1313,679,698]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[100,139,1471,1488]" captionTargetBox="[213,663,154,1443]" captionTargetId="figure-388@4.[207,664,148,1444]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 1–2. Paraharmotrema karinganiense Dutton & Bullard n. sp. (Digenea: Liolopidae). (1) Body of adult (holotype, USNM No. 1659278) from intestine of serrated hinged terrapin, Pelusios sinuatus (Smith 1838) (Pleurodira: Pelomedusidae), ventral view. (2) Body of juvenile (paratype, USNM No. 1659285) from intestine of east African black mud turtle, Pelusios subniger (Bonnaterre, 1789) (Pleurodira: Pelomedusidae), dorsal view. Oral sucker (os), pharynx (ph), nerve commissure (nc), excretory system (es), sinistral caecum (sc), ventral sucker (vs), vitellarium (vr), cirrus sac (cs), metraterm (m), vas deferens (vd), anterior vas efferens (ave), anterior testis (at), uterus (u), posterior vas efferens (pve), ovary (o), posterior testis (pt), and excretory pore (ep)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10668226" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10668226/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="46">Fig. 1 2</figureCitation>
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), 5.6–8.5 × (7.1 ± 1.2; 6) longer than wide. Body with ventral concavity in specimens with edges curved ventrally (
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<figureCitation id="6CC5A18334148832FBAE86A87425FD6E" box="[1048,1102,735,754]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[100,139,1471,1488]" captionTargetBox="[213,663,154,1443]" captionTargetId="figure-388@4.[207,664,148,1444]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 1–2. Paraharmotrema karinganiense Dutton & Bullard n. sp. (Digenea: Liolopidae). (1) Body of adult (holotype, USNM No. 1659278) from intestine of serrated hinged terrapin, Pelusios sinuatus (Smith 1838) (Pleurodira: Pelomedusidae), ventral view. (2) Body of juvenile (paratype, USNM No. 1659285) from intestine of east African black mud turtle, Pelusios subniger (Bonnaterre, 1789) (Pleurodira: Pelomedusidae), dorsal view. Oral sucker (os), pharynx (ph), nerve commissure (nc), excretory system (es), sinistral caecum (sc), ventral sucker (vs), vitellarium (vr), cirrus sac (cs), metraterm (m), vas deferens (vd), anterior vas efferens (ave), anterior testis (at), uterus (u), posterior vas efferens (pve), ovary (o), posterior testis (pt), and excretory pore (ep)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10668226" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10668226/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="46">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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). Tegumental scales distributing around anterior end and oral sucker only (
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<figureCitation id="6CC5A18334148832FBC0868C74ACFC92" box="[1142,1223,763,783]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="5.[818,857,1382,1399]" captionTargetBox="[906,1398,150,1354]" captionTargetId="figure-517@5.[905,1400,148,1355]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs. 7–9. Paraharmotrema karinganiense Dutton & Bullard n. sp. (Digenea: Liolopidae) from the intestine of the intestine of the serrated hinged terrapin, Pelusios sinuatus (Smith 1838) (Pleurodira: Pelomedusidae). (7) Tegumental scales in antero-dextral ventral body surface, ventral view, light micrograph. (8) Tegumental scales on ventral body surface posterior to oral sucker, ventral view, light micrograph. (9) Tegumental scales in same position as in Fig. 8 (showing exposed tips of scales only), ventral view, scanning electron micrograph." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10668230" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10668230/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="46">Fig. 7 9</figureCitation>
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). Oral sucker 130–190 (157 ±20; 6) in diameter or 1–2% (1% ± 0%; 6) of body length or 76–94% (87% ±9%; 6) of ventral sucker diameter, 160–180 (168 ±10; 6) wide or 11–13% (11% ±1%; 6) of maximum body width (
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<figureCitation id="6CC5A18334148832FA938738751DFCFE" box="[1317,1398,847,866]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[100,139,1471,1488]" captionTargetBox="[213,663,154,1443]" captionTargetId="figure-388@4.[207,664,148,1444]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 1–2. Paraharmotrema karinganiense Dutton & Bullard n. sp. (Digenea: Liolopidae). (1) Body of adult (holotype, USNM No. 1659278) from intestine of serrated hinged terrapin, Pelusios sinuatus (Smith 1838) (Pleurodira: Pelomedusidae), ventral view. (2) Body of juvenile (paratype, USNM No. 1659285) from intestine of east African black mud turtle, Pelusios subniger (Bonnaterre, 1789) (Pleurodira: Pelomedusidae), dorsal view. Oral sucker (os), pharynx (ph), nerve commissure (nc), excretory system (es), sinistral caecum (sc), ventral sucker (vs), vitellarium (vr), cirrus sac (cs), metraterm (m), vas deferens (vd), anterior vas efferens (ave), anterior testis (at), uterus (u), posterior vas efferens (pve), ovary (o), posterior testis (pt), and excretory pore (ep)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10668226" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10668226/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="46">Fig. 1 2</figureCitation>
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). Ventral sucker 160–250 (182 ± 34; 6) long or 1–2% (2% ± 0%; 6) of body length, 190–230 (208 ± 16; 6) wide or 28–31% (29% ± 1%; 6) of maximum body width, positioning 1250 1675 (1417 ± 158; 6) or 12–15% (13% ± 1%; 6) of body length from anterior end of body (
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<figureCitation id="6CC5A18334148832FC8C87AD73E7FC71" box="[826,908,986,1005]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="5.[100,139,969,986]" captionTargetBox="[189,682,149,940]" captionTargetId="figure-469@5.[188,683,148,941]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs. 5–6. Paraharmotrema karinganiense Dutton & Bullard n. sp. (Digenea: Liolopidae) from intestine of serrated hinged terrapin, Pelusios sinuatus (Smith 1838) (Pleurodira: Pelomedusidae). (5) Ventral sucker, ventral view, scanning electron micrograph. (6) Ventral sucker, ventral view, light micrograph." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10668228" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10668228/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="46">Fig. 5 6</figureCitation>
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). Nerve commissure 260–330 (286 ± 27; 6) or 2–3% (3% ± 0%; 6) of body length from anterior body end (
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<figureCitation id="6CC5A18334148832FB558781757CFB95" box="[1251,1303,1014,1033]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[100,139,1471,1488]" captionTargetBox="[213,663,154,1443]" captionTargetId="figure-388@4.[207,664,148,1444]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 1–2. Paraharmotrema karinganiense Dutton & Bullard n. sp. (Digenea: Liolopidae). (1) Body of adult (holotype, USNM No. 1659278) from intestine of serrated hinged terrapin, Pelusios sinuatus (Smith 1838) (Pleurodira: Pelomedusidae), ventral view. (2) Body of juvenile (paratype, USNM No. 1659285) from intestine of east African black mud turtle, Pelusios subniger (Bonnaterre, 1789) (Pleurodira: Pelomedusidae), dorsal view. Oral sucker (os), pharynx (ph), nerve commissure (nc), excretory system (es), sinistral caecum (sc), ventral sucker (vs), vitellarium (vr), cirrus sac (cs), metraterm (m), vas deferens (vd), anterior vas efferens (ave), anterior testis (at), uterus (u), posterior vas efferens (pve), ovary (o), posterior testis (pt), and excretory pore (ep)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10668226" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10668226/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="46">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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). Pharynx 120–140 (127 ± 8; 6) or 68–80% (71% ±5%; 6) of oesophagus length, 105–135 (118 ± 11; 6) wide or 2–12 × (6 ± 3; 6) wider than maximum oesophagus width (
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<figureCitation id="6CC5A18334148832FC5E803D7452FBC1" box="[1000,1081,1098,1117]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[100,139,1471,1488]" captionTargetBox="[213,663,154,1443]" captionTargetId="figure-388@4.[207,664,148,1444]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 1–2. Paraharmotrema karinganiense Dutton & Bullard n. sp. (Digenea: Liolopidae). (1) Body of adult (holotype, USNM No. 1659278) from intestine of serrated hinged terrapin, Pelusios sinuatus (Smith 1838) (Pleurodira: Pelomedusidae), ventral view. (2) Body of juvenile (paratype, USNM No. 1659285) from intestine of east African black mud turtle, Pelusios subniger (Bonnaterre, 1789) (Pleurodira: Pelomedusidae), dorsal view. Oral sucker (os), pharynx (ph), nerve commissure (nc), excretory system (es), sinistral caecum (sc), ventral sucker (vs), vitellarium (vr), cirrus sac (cs), metraterm (m), vas deferens (vd), anterior vas efferens (ave), anterior testis (at), uterus (u), posterior vas efferens (pve), ovary (o), posterior testis (pt), and excretory pore (ep)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10668226" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10668226/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="46">Fig. 1 2</figureCitation>
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). Oesophagus 150–200 (179 ±17; 6) long, 10–45 (23 ± 12; 6) wide; surrounded by glandular cells. Intestine bifurcating 300–380 (326 ± 30; 6) or 3% (3% ±0%; 6) of body length from anterior body end (
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<figureCitation id="6CC5A18334148832FBAA80E97405FB2D" box="[1052,1134,1182,1201]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[100,139,1471,1488]" captionTargetBox="[213,663,154,1443]" captionTargetId="figure-388@4.[207,664,148,1444]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 1–2. Paraharmotrema karinganiense Dutton & Bullard n. sp. (Digenea: Liolopidae). (1) Body of adult (holotype, USNM No. 1659278) from intestine of serrated hinged terrapin, Pelusios sinuatus (Smith 1838) (Pleurodira: Pelomedusidae), ventral view. (2) Body of juvenile (paratype, USNM No. 1659285) from intestine of east African black mud turtle, Pelusios subniger (Bonnaterre, 1789) (Pleurodira: Pelomedusidae), dorsal view. Oral sucker (os), pharynx (ph), nerve commissure (nc), excretory system (es), sinistral caecum (sc), ventral sucker (vs), vitellarium (vr), cirrus sac (cs), metraterm (m), vas deferens (vd), anterior vas efferens (ave), anterior testis (at), uterus (u), posterior vas efferens (pve), ovary (o), posterior testis (pt), and excretory pore (ep)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10668226" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10668226/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="46">Fig. 1 2</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="F441BD0634148832FCE780CE75A4F822" blockId="3.[818,1491,595,1982]" pageId="3" pageNumber="46">
|
||
Anterior testis 340 640 (439 ±97; 7) long or 4–5% (4% ±1%; 6) of body length, 680 1000 (797 ±113; 7) wide or 48–62% (53% ±5%; 7) of body width at level of ovary; inter-testicular space 1500 2500 (1889 ± 372; 7) long or 17–22% (18% ±2%; 6) of body length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6CC5A18334148832FAE8817A75F8FABC" box="[1374,1427,1293,1312]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[100,139,1471,1488]" captionTargetBox="[213,663,154,1443]" captionTargetId="figure-388@4.[207,664,148,1444]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 1–2. Paraharmotrema karinganiense Dutton & Bullard n. sp. (Digenea: Liolopidae). (1) Body of adult (holotype, USNM No. 1659278) from intestine of serrated hinged terrapin, Pelusios sinuatus (Smith 1838) (Pleurodira: Pelomedusidae), ventral view. (2) Body of juvenile (paratype, USNM No. 1659285) from intestine of east African black mud turtle, Pelusios subniger (Bonnaterre, 1789) (Pleurodira: Pelomedusidae), dorsal view. Oral sucker (os), pharynx (ph), nerve commissure (nc), excretory system (es), sinistral caecum (sc), ventral sucker (vs), vitellarium (vr), cirrus sac (cs), metraterm (m), vas deferens (vd), anterior vas efferens (ave), anterior testis (at), uterus (u), posterior vas efferens (pve), ovary (o), posterior testis (pt), and excretory pore (ep)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10668226" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10668226/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="46">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). Posterior testis 365 1225 (554 ± 300; 7) long or 3–10% (5% ± 2%; 6) of body length, 640–840 (773 ±68; 7) wide or 39–57% (52% ±6%; 7) of body width at level of ovary, 1925 2950 (2368 ± 393; 7) or 22–24% (23% ±1%; 6) of body length from posterior body end (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6CC5A18334148832FA8C810A7505FA0C" box="[1338,1390,1405,1424]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[100,139,1471,1488]" captionTargetBox="[213,663,154,1443]" captionTargetId="figure-388@4.[207,664,148,1444]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 1–2. Paraharmotrema karinganiense Dutton & Bullard n. sp. (Digenea: Liolopidae). (1) Body of adult (holotype, USNM No. 1659278) from intestine of serrated hinged terrapin, Pelusios sinuatus (Smith 1838) (Pleurodira: Pelomedusidae), ventral view. (2) Body of juvenile (paratype, USNM No. 1659285) from intestine of east African black mud turtle, Pelusios subniger (Bonnaterre, 1789) (Pleurodira: Pelomedusidae), dorsal view. Oral sucker (os), pharynx (ph), nerve commissure (nc), excretory system (es), sinistral caecum (sc), ventral sucker (vs), vitellarium (vr), cirrus sac (cs), metraterm (m), vas deferens (vd), anterior vas efferens (ave), anterior testis (at), uterus (u), posterior vas efferens (pve), ovary (o), posterior testis (pt), and excretory pore (ep)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10668226" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10668226/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="46">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). Anterior trunk of vasa efferentia emanating from ventral surface of anterior testis, extending anteriad 400 1150 (724 ±267; 7), or 3–8% (6% ±2%; 6), of body length, 13–25 (21 ± 4; 7) wide; posterior trunk of vasa efferentia emanating from ventral surface of posterior testis, extending anteriad 2000–3780 (2730 ±585; 7), or 22–30% (27% ±3%; 6), of body length, 15–35 (21 ±7; 7) wide, meeting anterior trunk posterior to genital pore between anterior testis and cirrus sac to form vas deferens; vas deferens extending anteriad 350 500 (400 ±58; 7) of body length, 15–25 (20 ± 3; 7) wide before turning sinistrad to insert into the bipartite seminal vesicle (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6CC5A18334148832FC3682E373DDF93B" box="[896,950,1684,1703]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[818,857,1176,1193]" captionTargetBox="[849,1455,149,1147]" captionTargetId="figure-506@4.[848,1456,148,1148]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 3–4. Paraharmotrema karinganiense Dutton & Bullard n. sp. (Digenea: Liolopidae) from intestine of serrated hinged terrapin, Pelusios sinuatus (Smith 1838) (Pleurodira: Pelomedusidae). (3) Female genitalia (holotype, USNM No. 1659278), ventral view. (4) Male genitalia (holotype, USNM No. 1659278), ventral view. Egg (e), ovary (o), oviduct (ov), ootype (oo), uterus (u), primary vitelline reservoir (pvr), dextral caecum (dc), transverse vitelline duct (tvd), sinistral caecum (sc), dextral excretory branch (deb), posterior vas efferens (pve), sinistral excretory branch (seb), posterior testis (pt), cirrus sac (cs), pars prostatica (pp), secondary bipartite internal seminal vesicle (sbisv), cirrus (c), initial bipartite internal seminal vesicle (ibisv), common genital pore (cgp), metraterm (m), vitellarium (vr), and vas deferens (vd)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10668224" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10668224/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="46">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). Cirrus sac semilunar, 575–900 (671 ± 110; 7) long or 5–7% (6% ± 1%; 6) of body length, 185–300 (216 ± 39; 7) wide or 13–20% (15% ± 2%; 7) body width at level of genital pore; cirrus 188–250 (220 ± 25; 7) long or 25–43% (33% ± 6%; 7) of cirrus sac length, 25–50 (41 ± 10; 7) wide; cirrus spines curved, tapering, 13–25 (20 ± 5; 7) long; cirrus associated with elongate gland cells and numerous prostatic cells (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6CC5A18334148832FB83834C741BF8D2" box="[1077,1136,1851,1870]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[818,857,1176,1193]" captionTargetBox="[849,1455,149,1147]" captionTargetId="figure-506@4.[848,1456,148,1148]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 3–4. Paraharmotrema karinganiense Dutton & Bullard n. sp. (Digenea: Liolopidae) from intestine of serrated hinged terrapin, Pelusios sinuatus (Smith 1838) (Pleurodira: Pelomedusidae). (3) Female genitalia (holotype, USNM No. 1659278), ventral view. (4) Male genitalia (holotype, USNM No. 1659278), ventral view. Egg (e), ovary (o), oviduct (ov), ootype (oo), uterus (u), primary vitelline reservoir (pvr), dextral caecum (dc), transverse vitelline duct (tvd), sinistral caecum (sc), dextral excretory branch (deb), posterior vas efferens (pve), sinistral excretory branch (seb), posterior testis (pt), cirrus sac (cs), pars prostatica (pp), secondary bipartite internal seminal vesicle (sbisv), cirrus (c), initial bipartite internal seminal vesicle (ibisv), common genital pore (cgp), metraterm (m), vitellarium (vr), and vas deferens (vd)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10668224" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10668224/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="46">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). Bipartite internal seminal vesicle enclosed within cirrus. Initial bipartite internal seminal vesicle oval, 125–275 (195 ± 52; 7) long or 1–2% (2% ± 0%; 6) of body length, 95–200 (140 ±43; 7) wide, 1–2 × (1 ±0; 7) longer than wide; elongate distal secondary bipartite internal seminal vesicle 205–520 (369 ±100;
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F441BD0634148832FCA78392734FF86F" blockId="3.[785,804,2021,2035]" box="[785,804,2021,2035]" pageId="3" pageNumber="46">46</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="A081ED8E34138835FC8480EF7562FA34" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10668224" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10668224" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10668224/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" startId="4.[818,857,1176,1193]" targetBox="[849,1455,149,1147]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="F441BD0634138835FC8480EF7562FA34" blockId="4.[818,1489,1176,1448]" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434138835FC8480EF73E7FB35" bold="true" box="[818,908,1176,1193]" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">
|
||
Figs. 3
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434138835FCC780ED7310FB35" bold="true" box="[881,891,1178,1193]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">–</emphasis>
|
||
4.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534138835FC2380EF7552FB35" authority="Dutton & Bullard" authorityName="Dutton & DuPreez & Urabe & Bullard" authorityYear="2022" box="[917,1337,1176,1193]" class="Trematoda" family="Liolopidae" genus="Paraharmotrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="karinganiense" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434138835FC2380EF74FEFB35" bold="true" box="[917,1173,1176,1193]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Paraharmotrema karinganiense</emphasis>
|
||
Dutton & Bullard
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DDB9DC6F34138835FAF580EF751EFB34" box="[1347,1397,1176,1192]" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(Digenea:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534138835FC8480C773E6FB5E" authorityName="Dollfus" authorityYear="1934" box="[818,909,1200,1218]" class="Trematoda" family="Liolopidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Liolopidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) from intestine of serrated hinged terrapin,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534138835FABF80C6730FFB40" authority="(Smith 1838)" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Testudines" family="Pelomedusidae" genus="Pelusios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurodira" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinuatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434138835FABF80C675FBFB5E" bold="true" box="[1289,1424,1201,1218]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Pelusios sinuatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Smith 1838)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534138835FCC680BC73A6FB40" box="[880,973,1227,1244]" class="Testudines" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurodira" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Pleurodira</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534138835FC6380BD7432FB40" box="[981,1113,1226,1244]" class="Testudines" family="Pelomedusidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurodira" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Pelomedusidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). (
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434138835FBD880BC7412FB40" bold="true" box="[1134,1145,1227,1244]" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">3</emphasis>
|
||
) Female genitalia (holotype, USNM No. 1659278), ventral view. (
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434138835FBA280937474FB69" bold="true" box="[1044,1055,1252,1269]" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">4</emphasis>
|
||
) Male genitalia (holotype, USNM No. 1659278), ventral view. Egg (e), ovary (o), oviduct (ov), ootype (oo), uterus (u), primary vitelline reservoir (pvr), dextral caecum (dc), transverse vitelline duct (tvd), sinistral caecum (sc), dextral excretory branch (deb), posterior vas efferens (pve), sinistral excretory branch (seb), posterior testis (pt), cirrus sac (cs), pars prostatica (pp), secondary bipartite internal seminal vesicle (sbisv), cirrus (c), initial bipartite internal seminal vesicle (ibisv), common genital pore (cgp), metraterm (m), vitellarium (vr), and vas deferens (vd).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="A081ED8E34138835FFD281C8721CF929" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10668226" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10668226" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10668226/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" startId="4.[100,139,1471,1488]" targetBox="[213,663,154,1443]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="F441BD0634138835FFD281C8721CF929" blockId="4.[100,771,1471,1718]" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434138835FFD281C870D4FA4C" bold="true" box="[100,191,1471,1488]" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">
|
||
Figs. 1
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434138835FF1281B670C5FA4C" bold="true" box="[164,174,1473,1488]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">–</emphasis>
|
||
2.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534138835FF7E81C87207FA4C" authority="Dutton & Bullard" authorityName="Dutton & DuPreez & Urabe & Bullard" authorityYear="2022" box="[200,620,1471,1488]" class="Trematoda" family="Liolopidae" genus="Paraharmotrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="karinganiense" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434138835FF7E81C871ACFA4C" bold="true" box="[200,455,1471,1488]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Paraharmotrema karinganiense</emphasis>
|
||
Dutton & Bullard
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DDB9DC6F34138835FDC381C872C3FA53" box="[629,680,1471,1487]" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(Digenea:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534138835FFD281A070AAFA75" authorityName="Dollfus" authorityYear="1934" box="[100,193,1495,1513]" class="Trematoda" family="Liolopidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Liolopidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). (
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434138835FF6081AE708AFA76" bold="true" box="[214,225,1497,1514]" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">1</emphasis>
|
||
) Body of adult (holotype, USNM No. 1659278) from intestine of serrated hinged terrapin,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534138835FEF281857223F99F" authority="(Smith 1838)" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[324,584,1521,1539]" class="Testudines" family="Pelomedusidae" genus="Pelusios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurodira" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinuatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434138835FEF2818571A7F99F" bold="true" box="[324,460,1522,1539]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Pelusios sinuatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Smith 1838)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534138835FDE0818572D8F99F" box="[598,691,1522,1539]" class="Testudines" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurodira" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Pleurodira</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534138835FD0B818570C3F980" class="Testudines" family="Pelomedusidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurodira" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Pelomedusidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), ventral view. (
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434138835FE8D827B712DF981" bold="true" box="[315,326,1548,1565]" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">2</emphasis>
|
||
) Body of juvenile (paratype, USNM No. 1659285) from intestine of east African black mud turtle,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534138835FDBE825270FDF9D3" authority="(Bonnaterre, 1789)" baseAuthorityName="Bonnaterre" baseAuthorityYear="1789" class="Testudines" family="Pelomedusidae" genus="Pelusios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurodira" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subniger">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434138835FDBE825272FAF9AA" bold="true" box="[520,657,1573,1590]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Pelusios subniger</emphasis>
|
||
(Bonnaterre, 1789)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534138835FF1782487095F9CC" box="[161,254,1599,1616]" class="Testudines" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurodira" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Pleurodira</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534138835FEB3824A71E3F9D3" box="[261,392,1597,1615]" class="Testudines" family="Pelomedusidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurodira" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Pelomedusidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), dorsal view. Oral sucker (os), pharynx (ph), nerve commissure (nc), excretory system (es), sinistral caecum (sc), ventral sucker (vs), vitellarium (vr), cirrus sac (cs), metraterm (m), vas deferens (vd), anterior vas efferens (ave), anterior testis (at), uterus (u), posterior vas efferens (pve), ovary (o), posterior testis (pt), and excretory pore (ep).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="F441BD0634138835FFD282A87182F891" blockId="4.[100,773,1759,1973]" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">7) long or 2–4% (3% ± 1%; 6) of body length, 100–140 (109 ± 15; 7) wide, 2–4 × (3 ± 1; 7) longer than wide.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F441BD0634138835FF32836075A4F83F" blockId="4.[100,773,1759,1973]" lastBlockId="4.[818,1491,1488,1955]" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">
|
||
Ovary slightly lobed, 220–350 (266 ±50; 7) long or 2–3% (2% ±0%; 6) of body length, 225–325 (256 ±32; 7) wide or 14–20% (17% ± 2%; 7) of body width; post-ovarian space 2175 4375 (3299 ± 708; 7) or 24–35% (31% ±5%; 6) of body length (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6CC5A18334138835FE63831D7263F8E1" box="[469,520,1898,1917]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[818,857,1176,1193]" captionTargetBox="[849,1455,149,1147]" captionTargetId="figure-506@4.[848,1456,148,1148]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 3–4. Paraharmotrema karinganiense Dutton & Bullard n. sp. (Digenea: Liolopidae) from intestine of serrated hinged terrapin, Pelusios sinuatus (Smith 1838) (Pleurodira: Pelomedusidae). (3) Female genitalia (holotype, USNM No. 1659278), ventral view. (4) Male genitalia (holotype, USNM No. 1659278), ventral view. Egg (e), ovary (o), oviduct (ov), ootype (oo), uterus (u), primary vitelline reservoir (pvr), dextral caecum (dc), transverse vitelline duct (tvd), sinistral caecum (sc), dextral excretory branch (deb), posterior vas efferens (pve), sinistral excretory branch (seb), posterior testis (pt), cirrus sac (cs), pars prostatica (pp), secondary bipartite internal seminal vesicle (sbisv), cirrus (c), initial bipartite internal seminal vesicle (ibisv), common genital pore (cgp), metraterm (m), vitellarium (vr), and vas deferens (vd)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10668224" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10668224/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Oviduct 125–230 (169 ± 37; 6) long or 1–2% (2% ± 1%; 5) of body length, 15–35 (27 ± 8; 6) wide, anterior to transverse vitelline duct, laterally expanding to form ootype ¨. Laurer’ s canal not observed in wholemounts (using SEM, we did observe a pore on the ventral body surface between the level of the ovary and posterior testis that we suspect may be a Laurer’ s canal pore; a 2 μm wide pore accompanied by a tegumental depression having distinctive interconnected ridges). Vitellarium comprising a series of interconnected, irregularly-shaped masses of branched follicles wrapping around caeca and excretory system from posterior to ventral sucker to excretory vesicle, 88–125 (110 ± 15; 7) or 1% (1% ± 0%; 6) from posterior body end; transverse vitelline duct 750 1150 (941 ± 159; 6) in breadth, 15–50 (24 ± 13; 6) wide; primary vitelline collecting duct 325–500 (440 ±58; 7) long, 100–155 (135 ±20; 7) wide, inserting into ootype ¨ventrally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6CC5A18334138835FC6B8373747FF88B" box="[989,1044,1796,1815]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[818,857,1176,1193]" captionTargetBox="[849,1455,149,1147]" captionTargetId="figure-506@4.[848,1456,148,1148]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 3–4. Paraharmotrema karinganiense Dutton & Bullard n. sp. (Digenea: Liolopidae) from intestine of serrated hinged terrapin, Pelusios sinuatus (Smith 1838) (Pleurodira: Pelomedusidae). (3) Female genitalia (holotype, USNM No. 1659278), ventral view. (4) Male genitalia (holotype, USNM No. 1659278), ventral view. Egg (e), ovary (o), oviduct (ov), ootype (oo), uterus (u), primary vitelline reservoir (pvr), dextral caecum (dc), transverse vitelline duct (tvd), sinistral caecum (sc), dextral excretory branch (deb), posterior vas efferens (pve), sinistral excretory branch (seb), posterior testis (pt), cirrus sac (cs), pars prostatica (pp), secondary bipartite internal seminal vesicle (sbisv), cirrus (c), initial bipartite internal seminal vesicle (ibisv), common genital pore (cgp), metraterm (m), vitellarium (vr), and vas deferens (vd)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10668224" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10668224/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). O¨otype 100–175 (141 ± 26; 7) long, 15–35 (27 ± 8; 6) wide, between ovary and posterior testis (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6CC5A18334138835FAF583577510F8AF" box="[1347,1403,1824,1843]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[818,857,1176,1193]" captionTargetBox="[849,1455,149,1147]" captionTargetId="figure-506@4.[848,1456,148,1148]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 3–4. Paraharmotrema karinganiense Dutton & Bullard n. sp. (Digenea: Liolopidae) from intestine of serrated hinged terrapin, Pelusios sinuatus (Smith 1838) (Pleurodira: Pelomedusidae). (3) Female genitalia (holotype, USNM No. 1659278), ventral view. (4) Male genitalia (holotype, USNM No. 1659278), ventral view. Egg (e), ovary (o), oviduct (ov), ootype (oo), uterus (u), primary vitelline reservoir (pvr), dextral caecum (dc), transverse vitelline duct (tvd), sinistral caecum (sc), dextral excretory branch (deb), posterior vas efferens (pve), sinistral excretory branch (seb), posterior testis (pt), cirrus sac (cs), pars prostatica (pp), secondary bipartite internal seminal vesicle (sbisv), cirrus (c), initial bipartite internal seminal vesicle (ibisv), common genital pore (cgp), metraterm (m), vitellarium (vr), and vas deferens (vd)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10668224" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10668224/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||
). Uterus convoluted, 2600 3970 (3099 ±439; 7) in total length, 100–140 (114 ± 13; 7) wide, extending anteriad around sinistral margin of anterior testis. Eggs longer than wide, 130–160 (148 ±9; 7) long, 85–100 (94 ± 6; 7) wide; number of eggs per specimen 28–55 (41 ±12; 7). Metraterm
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F441BD0634138835FCA78392734FF86F" blockId="4.[785,804,2021,2035]" box="[785,804,2021,2035]" pageId="4" pageNumber="47">47</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="A081ED8E34128834FFD287BE72BBFBBA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10668228" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10668228" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10668228/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" startId="5.[100,139,969,986]" targetBox="[189,682,149,940]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="F441BD0634128834FFD287BE72BBFBBA" blockId="5.[100,771,969,1062]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434128834FFD287BE70D4FC46" bold="true" box="[100,191,969,986]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">
|
||
Figs. 5
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434128834FF1287BC70C5FC46" bold="true" box="[164,174,971,986]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">–</emphasis>
|
||
6.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534128834FF7E87BE7207FC46" authority="Dutton & Bullard" authorityName="Dutton & DuPreez & Urabe & Bullard" authorityYear="2022" box="[200,620,969,986]" class="Trematoda" family="Liolopidae" genus="Paraharmotrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="karinganiense" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434128834FF7E87BE71ACFC46" bold="true" box="[200,455,969,986]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">Paraharmotrema karinganiense</emphasis>
|
||
Dutton & Bullard
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DDB9DC6F34128834FDC387BE72C3FC45" box="[629,680,969,985]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(Digenea:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534128834FFD2879670D4FC6F" authorityName="Dollfus" authorityYear="1934" box="[100,191,993,1011]" class="Trematoda" family="Liolopidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Liolopidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) from intestine of serrated hinged terrapin,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534128834FD8D879570FDFB91" authority="(Smith 1838)" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Testudines" family="Pelomedusidae" genus="Pelusios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinuatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434128834FD8D879572A9FC6F" bold="true" box="[571,706,994,1011]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">Pelusios sinuatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Smith 1838)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534128834FF15878B716BFB91" box="[163,256,1020,1037]" class="Testudines" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Pleurodira</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534128834FEBE878C71E7FB91" box="[264,396,1019,1037]" class="Testudines" family="Pelomedusidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Pelomedusidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). (
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434128834FE14878B71C6FB90" bold="true" box="[418,429,1020,1036]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">5</emphasis>
|
||
) Ventral sucker, ventral view, scanning electron micrograph. (
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434128834FE9280627144FBBA" bold="true" box="[292,303,1045,1062]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">6</emphasis>
|
||
) Ventral sucker, ventral view, light micrograph.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="F441BD0634128834FFD2803870A7FA09" blockId="5.[100,773,1103,1429]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">
|
||
450–630 (539 ± 75; 7) long, 65–125 (84 ± 19; 7) wide; thick-walled, convoluted, surrounded by small glandular cells (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6CC5A18334128834FDF0801C7215FBE2" box="[582,638,1131,1150]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[818,857,1176,1193]" captionTargetBox="[849,1455,149,1147]" captionTargetId="figure-506@4.[848,1456,148,1148]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 3–4. Paraharmotrema karinganiense Dutton & Bullard n. sp. (Digenea: Liolopidae) from intestine of serrated hinged terrapin, Pelusios sinuatus (Smith 1838) (Pleurodira: Pelomedusidae). (3) Female genitalia (holotype, USNM No. 1659278), ventral view. (4) Male genitalia (holotype, USNM No. 1659278), ventral view. Egg (e), ovary (o), oviduct (ov), ootype (oo), uterus (u), primary vitelline reservoir (pvr), dextral caecum (dc), transverse vitelline duct (tvd), sinistral caecum (sc), dextral excretory branch (deb), posterior vas efferens (pve), sinistral excretory branch (seb), posterior testis (pt), cirrus sac (cs), pars prostatica (pp), secondary bipartite internal seminal vesicle (sbisv), cirrus (c), initial bipartite internal seminal vesicle (ibisv), common genital pore (cgp), metraterm (m), vitellarium (vr), and vas deferens (vd)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10668224" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10668224/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). Uterus plus metraterm length 3100 4600 (3618 ± 508; 7) or 31–37% (34% ± 2%; 6) of body length. Common genital pore 4550 7900 (6307 ± 1123; 7) or 51–62% (59% ± 4%; 6) of body length from posterior body end, 35–85 (61 ± 16; 7) in diameter, ventral to sinistral caeca (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6CC5A18334128834FD3980AC72AFFB72" box="[655,708,1243,1262]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[818,857,1176,1193]" captionTargetBox="[849,1455,149,1147]" captionTargetId="figure-506@4.[848,1456,148,1148]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 3–4. Paraharmotrema karinganiense Dutton & Bullard n. sp. (Digenea: Liolopidae) from intestine of serrated hinged terrapin, Pelusios sinuatus (Smith 1838) (Pleurodira: Pelomedusidae). (3) Female genitalia (holotype, USNM No. 1659278), ventral view. (4) Male genitalia (holotype, USNM No. 1659278), ventral view. Egg (e), ovary (o), oviduct (ov), ootype (oo), uterus (u), primary vitelline reservoir (pvr), dextral caecum (dc), transverse vitelline duct (tvd), sinistral caecum (sc), dextral excretory branch (deb), posterior vas efferens (pve), sinistral excretory branch (seb), posterior testis (pt), cirrus sac (cs), pars prostatica (pp), secondary bipartite internal seminal vesicle (sbisv), cirrus (c), initial bipartite internal seminal vesicle (ibisv), common genital pore (cgp), metraterm (m), vitellarium (vr), and vas deferens (vd)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10668224" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10668224/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). Sinistral portion of excretory system 8450 11,135 (9563 ±1165; 6) long, terminating 4100 7600 (5642 ±1210; 6) or 46–65% (53% ±8%; 6) of body length from anterior end; dextral portion of excretory system 8470 11,075 (9683 ± 1161; 6) long, terminating 3000–7435 (4805 ± 1639; 5) or 34–64% (46% ± 13%; 5) of body length from anterior end (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6CC5A18334128834FFDA81F570D5FA09" box="[108,190,1410,1429]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[100,139,1471,1488]" captionTargetBox="[213,663,154,1443]" captionTargetId="figure-388@4.[207,664,148,1444]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 1–2. Paraharmotrema karinganiense Dutton & Bullard n. sp. (Digenea: Liolopidae). (1) Body of adult (holotype, USNM No. 1659278) from intestine of serrated hinged terrapin, Pelusios sinuatus (Smith 1838) (Pleurodira: Pelomedusidae), ventral view. (2) Body of juvenile (paratype, USNM No. 1659285) from intestine of east African black mud turtle, Pelusios subniger (Bonnaterre, 1789) (Pleurodira: Pelomedusidae), dorsal view. Oral sucker (os), pharynx (ph), nerve commissure (nc), excretory system (es), sinistral caecum (sc), ventral sucker (vs), vitellarium (vr), cirrus sac (cs), metraterm (m), vas deferens (vd), anterior vas efferens (ave), anterior testis (at), uterus (u), posterior vas efferens (pve), ovary (o), posterior testis (pt), and excretory pore (ep)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10668226" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10668226/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">Fig. 1 2</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="A081ED8E34128834FC84811173AFF9B6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10668230" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10668230" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10668230/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" startId="5.[818,857,1382,1399]" targetBox="[906,1398,150,1354]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph id="F441BD0634128834FC84811173AFF9B6" blockId="5.[818,1489,1382,1578]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434128834FC84811173E7FAEB" bold="true" box="[818,908,1382,1399]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">
|
||
Figs. 7
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434128834FCC7811F7310FAEB" bold="true" box="[881,891,1384,1399]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">–</emphasis>
|
||
9.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534128834FC2381117552FAEB" authority="Dutton & Bullard" authorityName="Dutton & DuPreez & Urabe & Bullard" authorityYear="2022" box="[917,1337,1382,1399]" class="Trematoda" family="Liolopidae" genus="Paraharmotrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="karinganiense" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434128834FC23811174FEFAEB" bold="true" box="[917,1173,1382,1399]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">Paraharmotrema karinganiense</emphasis>
|
||
Dutton & Bullard
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DDB9DC6F34128834FAF58111751EFAEA" box="[1347,1397,1382,1398]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
(Digenea:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534128834FC84810973E6FA0C" authorityName="Dollfus" authorityYear="1934" box="[818,909,1406,1424]" class="Trematoda" family="Liolopidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Liolopidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
) from the intestine of the intestine of the serrated hinged terrapin,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534128834FC8481EE7451FA36" authority="(Smith 1838)" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[818,1082,1432,1450]" class="Testudines" family="Pelomedusidae" genus="Pelusios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinuatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434128834FC8481EE73D0FA36" bold="true" box="[818,955,1433,1450]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">Pelusios sinuatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Smith 1838)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534128834FBFF81EE74CDFA36" box="[1097,1190,1433,1450]" class="Testudines" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Pleurodira</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534128834FB0481EF755DFA36" box="[1202,1334,1432,1450]" class="Testudines" family="Pelomedusidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Pelomedusidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). (
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434128834FAF981EE7531FA35" bold="true" box="[1359,1370,1433,1449]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">7</emphasis>
|
||
) Tegumental scales in antero-dextral ventral body surface, ventral view, light micrograph. (
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434128834FC8F81BB732FFA41" bold="true" box="[825,836,1484,1501]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">8</emphasis>
|
||
) Tegumental scales on ventral body surface posterior to oral sucker, ventral view, light micrograph. (
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434128834FBB881927472FA6A" bold="true" box="[1038,1049,1509,1526]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">9</emphasis>
|
||
) Tegumental scales in same position as in Fig. 8 (showing exposed tips of scales only), ventral view, scanning electron micrograph.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="F441BD0634128834FFD281CD7108FA51" blockId="5.[100,770,1466,1960]" box="[100,355,1466,1485]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434128834FFD281CD7108FA51" bold="true" box="[100,355,1466,1485]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">3.2.2. Taxonomic summary</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F441BD0634128834FF3281A1710BF9C4" blockId="5.[100,770,1466,1960]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434128834FF3281A1708AFA75" bold="true" box="[132,225,1494,1513]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<typeStatus id="2B4503A434128834FF3281A170C4FA75" box="[132,175,1494,1513]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
host:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534128834FF5C81A17265FA75" authority="(Smith, 1838)" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[234,526,1494,1513]" class="Testudines" family="Pelomedusidae" genus="Pelusios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinuatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434128834FF5C81A171EBFA75" bold="true" box="[234,384,1494,1513]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">Pelusios sinuatus</emphasis>
|
||
(Smith, 1838)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534128834FDAB81A172EFFA75" box="[541,644,1494,1513]" class="Testudines" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Pleurodira</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534128834FD3981A170E3F999" class="Testudines" family="Pelomedusidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Pelomedusidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), serrated hinged terrapin;
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434128834FE3181867187F998" bold="true" box="[391,492,1521,1540]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">other hosts:</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534128834FE44818670F7F9BD" authority="(Bonnaterre, 1789)" baseAuthorityName="Bonnaterre" baseAuthorityYear="1789" class="Testudines" family="Pelomedusidae" genus="Pelusios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subniger">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434128834FE44818672EDF998" bold="true" box="[498,646,1521,1540]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">Pelusios subniger</emphasis>
|
||
(Bonnaterre, 1789)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534128834FF198279717DF9BD" box="[175,278,1550,1569]" class="Testudines" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Pleurodira</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534128834FE90827971D3F9BD" box="[294,440,1550,1569]" class="Testudines" family="Pelomedusidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Pelomedusidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), east African black mud turtle;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534128834FFD2825E71D9F9A1" authority="(Schoepff, 1792)" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Schoepff" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[100,434,1577,1597]" class="Testudines" family="Pelomedusidae" genus="Pelomedusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="galeata">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434128834FFD2825E7179F9A0" bold="true" box="[100,274,1577,1596]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">Pelomedusa galeata</emphasis>
|
||
(Schoepff, 1792)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534128834FE0B825D724FF9A1" box="[445,548,1578,1597]" class="Testudines" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Pleurodira</taxonomicName>
|
||
:
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534128834FD9A825D72D5F9A1" box="[556,702,1578,1597]" class="Testudines" family="Pelomedusidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Pelomedusidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
), South African helmeted terrapin.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F441BD0634128834FF32821671F0F9E8" blockId="5.[100,770,1466,1960]" box="[132,411,1633,1652]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434128834FF328216709FF9E8" bold="true" box="[132,244,1633,1652]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">Site in hosts:</emphasis>
|
||
Intestinal lumen.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F441BD0634128834FF32820972D9F978" blockId="5.[100,770,1466,1960]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="4496B75B34128834FF3282097243F930" collectionCode="KGR, SA" country="Mozambique" county="Province" latitude="-27.014668" location="Karingani Game Reserve" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.141697" municipality="Zululand" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Maputo" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434128834FF3282097163F90C" bold="true" box="[132,264,1661,1681]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<typeStatus id="2B4503A434128834FF32820970C4F90D" box="[132,175,1662,1681]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<location id="F121EBDD34128834FEAD820A7271F90D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7C570C1034148837FC84866B7201FB7B:F121EBDD34128834FEAD820A7271F90D" box="[283,538,1661,1681]" country="Mozambique" county="Province" latitude="-27.014668" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.141697" municipality="Zululand" name="Karingani Game Reserve" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" stateProvince="Maputo">Karingani Game Reserve</location>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="92EF25C334128834FD85820A7209F90C" box="[563,610,1661,1680]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">KGR</collectionCode>
|
||
) (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="91CADBC134128834FD36820A736AF90D" box="[640,769,1658,1681]" degrees="24" direction="north" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" precision="1" seconds="8.09" value="24.33558">
|
||
24
|
||
<superScript id="038B104E34128834FD2F820D72CAF91B" attach="none" box="[665,673,1658,1671]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">◦</superScript>
|
||
20
|
||
<superScript id="038B104E34128834FD0C820D72D4F91B" attach="none" box="[698,703,1658,1671]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">′</superScript>
|
||
8.09
|
||
<superScript id="038B104E34128834FD5F820D7299F91B" attach="right" box="[745,754,1658,1671]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">′′</superScript>
|
||
N
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="91CADBC134128834FFD282EE7086F930" box="[100,237,1686,1708]" degrees="32" direction="west" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" precision="1" seconds="42.0" value="-32.261665">
|
||
32
|
||
<superScript id="038B104E34128834FFCA82E170EFF93F" attach="none" box="[124,132,1686,1699]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">◦</superScript>
|
||
15
|
||
<superScript id="038B104E34128834FF2B82E170C9F93F" attach="none" box="[157,162,1686,1699]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">′</superScript>
|
||
42.0
|
||
<superScript id="038B104E34128834FF7A82E170BEF93F" attach="right" box="[204,213,1686,1699]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">′′</superScript>
|
||
W
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
),
|
||
<collectingRegion id="363A73E434128834FF4B82ED71F4F930" box="[253,415,1689,1709]" country="Mozambique" name="Maputo" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">Maputo province</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8CE9FD9634128834FE1E82EE724FF930" box="[424,548,1689,1708]" name="Mozambique" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
|
||
;
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="4496B75B34128834FD9B82EE72C4F978" collectionCode="KGR, SA" country="Mozambique" county="Province" latitude="-27.014668" location="Karingani Game Reserve" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.141697" municipality="Zululand" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Maputo" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434128834FD9B82EE72CDF930" bold="true" box="[557,678,1689,1708]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">other locality:</emphasis>
|
||
<location id="F121EBDD34128834FD1A82EE736AF930" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7C570C1034148837FC84866B7201FB7B:F121EBDD34128834FD1A82EE736AF930" box="[684,769,1689,1708]" country="Mozambique" county="Province" latitude="-27.014668" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="32.141697" municipality="Zululand" name="Roadside" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" stateProvince="Maputo">Roadside</location>
|
||
borrow pit filled with water (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="91CADBC134128834FE1482C27274F954" box="[418,543,1714,1736]" degrees="27" direction="south" minutes="00" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" precision="1" seconds="52.8" value="-27.014668">
|
||
27
|
||
<superScript id="038B104E34128834FE0D82C571A8F923" attach="none" box="[443,451,1714,1727]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">◦</superScript>
|
||
00
|
||
<superScript id="038B104E34128834FE6D82C5718BF923" attach="none" box="[475,480,1714,1727]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">′</superScript>
|
||
52.8
|
||
<superScript id="038B104E34128834FDBD82C5727FF923" attach="right" box="[523,532,1714,1727]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">′′</superScript>
|
||
S
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="91CADBC134128834FD9882C272C4F954" box="[558,687,1714,1736]" degrees="32" direction="east" minutes="08" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" precision="1" seconds="30.1" value="32.141697">
|
||
32
|
||
<superScript id="038B104E34128834FDF082C57225F923" attach="none" box="[582,590,1714,1727]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">◦</superScript>
|
||
08
|
||
<superScript id="038B104E34128834FDD082C57200F923" attach="none" box="[614,619,1714,1727]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">′</superScript>
|
||
30.1
|
||
<superScript id="038B104E34128834FD2382C572F5F923" attach="right" box="[661,670,1714,1727]" fontSize="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">′′</superScript>
|
||
E
|
||
</geoCoordinate>
|
||
), north-western
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="1425277C34128834FF0282A67161F978" box="[180,266,1745,1764]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">Zululand</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
, Kwa-ZuluNatal
|
||
<collectingCounty id="1D20C58A34128834FE1E82A67196F978" box="[424,509,1745,1764]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">Province</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8CE9FD9634128834FDB082A67217F978" box="[518,636,1745,1764]" name="South Africa" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="92EF25C334128834FD3F82A672C3F978" box="[649,680,1745,1764]" country="France" name="Museum national d'Histoire Naturelle, Laboratiore de Paleontologie" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">SA</collectionCode>
|
||
)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F441BD0634128834FF32829B723AF8C8" blockId="5.[100,770,1466,1960]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434128834FF32829B71B0F89C" bold="true" box="[132,475,1772,1792]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">Prevalence and intensity of infections:</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="4496B75B34128834FE52829A71A1F880" collectionCode="KGR" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" specimenCount="22">
|
||
2 of 8 (25%)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534128834FDDF829A72A6F963" baseAuthorityName="Bonnaterre" baseAuthorityYear="1789" box="[617,717,1772,1792]" class="Testudines" family="Pelomedusidae" genus="Pelusios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subniger">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434128834FDDF829A72A6F963" bold="true" box="[617,717,1772,1792]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">P. subniger</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectionCode id="92EF25C334128834FFD2837E70E5F880" box="[100,142,1801,1820]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">KGR</collectionCode>
|
||
were infected with
|
||
<specimenCount id="E2F8768F34128834FEFA837E71A1F880" box="[332,458,1801,1820]" count="22" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" type="generic">22 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="4496B75B34128834FE67837E7205F8A4" collectionCode="KGR" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" specimenCount="1">
|
||
of the new species; 1 of 3 (33%)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534128834FFD2835270A2F8A4" baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[100,201,1829,1848]" class="Testudines" family="Pelomedusidae" genus="Pelusios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sinuatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434128834FFD2835270A2F8A4" bold="true" box="[100,201,1829,1848]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">P. sinuatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectionCode id="92EF25C334128834FEBB8352715CF8A4" box="[269,311,1829,1848]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">KGR</collectionCode>
|
||
was infected with
|
||
<specimenCount id="E2F8768F34128834FE4B83527205F8A4" box="[509,622,1829,1848]" count="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<materialsCitation id="4496B75B34128834FDCA83527220F8CF" collectionCode="SA" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" specimenCount="13">
|
||
4 of 6 (66%)
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534128834FFD2833670D6F8CF" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Schoepff" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[100,189,1856,1876]" class="Testudines" family="Pelomedusidae" genus="Pelomedusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="galeata">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434128834FFD2833670D6F8CF" bold="true" box="[100,189,1856,1876]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">P. galeata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectionCode id="92EF25C334128834FF4083367164F8C8" box="[246,271,1857,1876]" country="France" name="Museum national d'Histoire Naturelle, Laboratiore de Paleontologie" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">SA</collectionCode>
|
||
were infected with
|
||
<specimenCount id="E2F8768F34128834FE7B83367220F8CF" box="[461,587,1856,1876]" count="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" type="generic">13 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F441BD0634128834FF32832B7391F901" blockId="5.[100,770,1466,1960]" lastBlockId="5.[818,1488,1618,1805]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434128834FF32832B71A8F8F3" bold="true" box="[132,451,1884,1904]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">Specimens and sequences deposited:</emphasis>
|
||
<typeStatus id="2B4503A434128834FE7D832B724AF8F3" box="[459,545,1884,1903]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="92EF25C334128834FD98832A7207F8EC" box="[558,620,1885,1904]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
1659278);
|
||
<typeStatus id="2B4503A434128834FD6A832A70CBF810" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="92EF25C334128834FF1D830F7082F817" box="[171,233,1912,1931]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
1659279 1659286);
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434128834FE0E830F7207F810" bold="true" box="[440,620,1912,1932]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">nucleotide sequences</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434128834FDC1830E7286F817" bold="true" box="[631,749,1912,1932]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">
|
||
ex.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534128834FD20830E7286F817" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Schoepff" baseAuthorityYear="1792" box="[662,749,1912,1932]" class="Testudines" family="Pelomedusidae" genus="Pelomedusa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="galeata">P. galeata</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
— GenBank No. OL413006, OL413007 (
|
||
<collectionCode id="92EF25C334128834FE5483E3726DF83B" box="[482,518,1940,1959]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">ITS</collectionCode>
|
||
2); OL413003, OL413004 (28S);
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434128834FCC18224746FF9F9" bold="true" box="[887,1028,1618,1638]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">
|
||
ex.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534128834FC2B8224746FF9F9" baseAuthorityName="Bonnaterre" baseAuthorityYear="1789" box="[925,1028,1618,1638]" class="Testudines" family="Pelomedusidae" genus="Pelusios" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurodira" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="subniger">P. subniger</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
— GenBank No. OL413008 OL413008 (
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434128834FA21822575AAF9F9" bold="true" box="[1431,1473,1618,1637]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<collectionCode id="92EF25C334128834FA21822575DCF9F9" box="[1431,1463,1618,1637]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">ITS</collectionCode>
|
||
2
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
); OL413005 (
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434128834FC12821973ADF91D" bold="true" box="[932,966,1646,1665]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">28S</emphasis>
|
||
);
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434128834FC6A82187535F91D" bold="true" box="[988,1374,1646,1666]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534128834FC6A821874DBF91D" authorityName="Yamaguti" authorityYear="1933" box="[988,1200,1646,1666]" class="Trematoda" family="Liolopidae" genus="Harmotrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="laticaudae">Harmotrema laticaudae</taxonomicName>
|
||
ex.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534128834FB6F82187535F91D" baseAuthorityName="Reinwardt" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[1241,1374,1646,1666]" class="Squamata" family="Elapidae" genus="Laticauda" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="semifasciata">L. semifasciata</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
— GenBank No. OL413009 (
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434128834FC7C82FD7387F901" bold="true" box="[970,1004,1674,1693]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">28S</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="BCE4EE8D34128837FCE782D17201FB7B" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="F441BD0634128834FCE782D173D9F891" blockId="5.[818,1488,1618,1805]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434128834FCE782D173C6F925" bold="true" box="[849,941,1702,1721]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
: The specific epithet
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534128834FBC682D1749FF925" authorityName="Dutton & DuPreez & Urabe & Bullard" authorityYear="2022" box="[1136,1268,1702,1721]" class="Trematoda" family="Liolopidae" genus="Paraharmotrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="karinganiense">
|
||
“
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434128834FBCC82D1749FF925" bold="true" box="[1146,1268,1702,1721]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">karinganiense</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
” (neuter) is for the
|
||
<typeStatus id="2B4503A434128834FA1082D075A4F926" box="[1446,1487,1703,1722]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality and honors the personnel of
|
||
<collectionCode id="92EF25C334128834FB2982B574A2F949" box="[1183,1225,1730,1749]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">KGR</collectionCode>
|
||
for their generous logistic support and cooperation in conducting parasite biodiversity research in
|
||
<collectingCountry id="8CE9FD9634128834FC84828D73C4F891" box="[818,943,1786,1805]" name="Mozambique" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">Mozambique</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F441BD0634128834FC848345744EF8D8" blockId="5.[818,1488,1841,1972]" box="[818,1061,1841,1861]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434128834FC848345744EF8D8" bold="true" box="[818,1061,1841,1861]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">3.2.3. Taxonomic remarks</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F441BD0634128834FCE7833975BBF828" blockId="5.[818,1488,1841,1972]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">
|
||
The new genus can be easily differentiated from the other accepted genera of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534128834FC24831E739EF8E0" authorityName="Dollfus" authorityYear="1934" box="[914,1013,1897,1916]" class="Trematoda" family="Liolopidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Liolopidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the combination of having a linguliform body approximately 6–9 × longer than wide, tegumental spines/scales, a minute ventral sucker located in the anterior 1/7 1/8 of the body,
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F441BD0634128834FCA78392734FF86F" blockId="5.[785,804,2021,2035]" box="[785,804,2021,2035]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48">48</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F441BD0634118837FFD284E37130FE22" blockId="6.[100,770,148,1255]" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">
|
||
deeply lobed testes that are transverse and abut the caeca (spanning the intercaecal space), a lobed ovary that is dextral and nearest the posterior testis, a uterus that is lateral to the anterior testis (not ventral to anterior testis), and a vitellarium that does not extend anteriad to the level of the ventral sucker and that does not fill the intercaecal space. The new species differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534118837FE91856871A9FEAF" box="[295,450,287,307]" class="Trematoda" family="Liolopidae" genus="Helicotrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434118837FE91856871F9FEAE" bold="true" box="[295,402,287,306]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">Helicotrema</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having testes in the posterior half of the body; from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534118837FE8A854C71C1FED2" box="[316,426,315,334]" class="Trematoda" family="Liolopidae" genus="Liolope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434118837FE8A854C7117FED2" bold="true" box="[316,380,315,334]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">Liolope</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having a cirrus sac that does not abut the ventral sucker; from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534118837FE3C85207240FEF6" box="[394,555,343,362]" class="Trematoda" family="Liolopidae" genus="Harmotrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434118837FE3C85207190FEF6" bold="true" box="[394,507,343,362]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">Harmotrema</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having transverse, deeply lobed testes that abut the caeca; and from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534118837FDF18504728FFE1A" box="[583,740,371,390]" class="Trematoda" family="Liolopidae" genus="Dracovermis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434118837FDF1850472DEFE1A" bold="true" box="[583,693,371,390]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">Dracovermis</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having testes that are far apart and that are not limited to the posterior 1/3 of the body (
|
||
<tableCitation id="B97C88BD34118837FEB185DC7125FE22" box="[263,334,427,446]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="2.[818,868,1538,1554]" captionTargetBox="[834,1471,1600,1843]" captionText="Table 2 Key to accepted genera of Liolopidae." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/A081ED8E34158833FC8482757419F9B0" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" tableUuid="A081ED8E34158833FC8482757419F9B0">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="F441BD0634118837FF3285B07201FB7B" blockId="6.[100,770,148,1255]" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">
|
||
The new species is most similar to species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534118837FD9085B072FCFE46" authorityName="Nicoll" authorityYear="1914" box="[550,663,455,474]" class="Trematoda" family="Liolopidae" genus="Harmotrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434118837FD9085B072FCFE46" bold="true" box="[550,663,455,474]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">Harmotrema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
but further differs from all but one of them by having tegumental spines. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="2B4503A434118837FD6F85947369FE6A" box="[729,770,483,502]" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534118837FF7C85887150FD8E" authorityName="Nicoll" authorityYear="1914" box="[202,315,511,530]" class="Trematoda" family="Liolopidae" genus="Harmotrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434118837FF7C85887150FD8E" bold="true" box="[202,315,511,530]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">Harmotrema</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534118837FEFD858871BAFD8D" authorityName="Nicoll" authorityYear="1914" box="[331,465,510,530]" class="Trematoda" family="Liolopidae" genus="Harmotrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="infecundum">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434118837FEFD858871BAFD8D" bold="true" box="[331,465,510,530]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">H. infecundum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) and all congeners except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534118837FD6F858871BFFDB1" authority="Chattaparhyaya (1970)" authorityName="Chattaparhyaya" authorityYear="1970" class="Trematoda" family="Liolopidae" genus="Harmotrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="indica">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434118837FD6F8588709BFDB1" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">Harmotrema indica</emphasis>
|
||
Chattaparhyaya (1970)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lack tegumental spines (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="906FC0F734118837FD72866D70FFFDD5" author="Nicoll, W." pageId="6" pageNumber="49" pagination="139 - 154" refId="ref11224" refString="Nicoll, W., 1914. Trematode parasites from animals dying in the Zoological Society' s gardens during 1911 - 1912. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1, 139 - 154." type="journal article" year="1914">Nicoll, 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Chattaparhyaya, 1970). Chattaparhyaya (1970) did not measure or draw a spine so we cannot know if the spines are similar/homologous to those of the new genus; we are skeptical that they are present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534118837FFD286FD70DFFD00" authorityName="Chattaparhyaya" authorityYear="1970" box="[100,180,649,669]" class="Trematoda" family="Liolopidae" genus="Harmotrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="indica">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434118837FFD286FD70DFFD00" bold="true" box="[100,180,649,669]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">H. indica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The new species differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534118837FE7C86FD7271FD00" authorityName="Chattaparhyaya" authorityYear="1970" box="[458,538,649,669]" class="Trematoda" family="Liolopidae" genus="Harmotrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="indica">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434118837FE7C86FD7271FD00" bold="true" box="[458,538,649,669]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">H. indica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and all congeners except
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534118837FFD286D17081FD24" authorityName="Nicoll" authorityYear="1914" box="[100,234,677,697]" class="Trematoda" family="Liolopidae" genus="Harmotrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="infecundum">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434118837FFD286D17081FD24" bold="true" box="[100,234,677,697]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">H. infecundum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having a uterus that is lateral to the anterior testis;
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534118837FFD286B57083FD48" authorityName="Nicoll" authorityYear="1914" box="[100,232,705,725]" class="Trematoda" family="Liolopidae" genus="Harmotrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="infecundum">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434118837FFD286B57083FD48" bold="true" box="[100,232,705,725]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">H. infecundum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a uterus that was illustrated as lateral to the anterior testis (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="906FC0F734118837FF1386AA7177FD6D" author="Nicoll, W." box="[165,284,733,753]" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" pagination="139 - 154" refId="ref11224" refString="Nicoll, W., 1914. Trematode parasites from animals dying in the Zoological Society' s gardens during 1911 - 1912. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1, 139 - 154." type="journal article" year="1914">Nicoll, 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). The distribution of vitelline follicles further differentiates these taxa. In the new genus, the vitelline follicles do not extend anteriad beyond nor to the level of the ventral sucker, and the inter-caecal space posterior to the ventral sucker is predominantly void of vitelline follicles (
|
||
<figureCitation id="6CC5A18334118837FE9C873A710BFCFC" box="[298,352,845,864]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[100,139,1471,1488]" captionTargetBox="[213,663,154,1443]" captionTargetId="figure-388@4.[207,664,148,1444]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 1–2. Paraharmotrema karinganiense Dutton & Bullard n. sp. (Digenea: Liolopidae). (1) Body of adult (holotype, USNM No. 1659278) from intestine of serrated hinged terrapin, Pelusios sinuatus (Smith 1838) (Pleurodira: Pelomedusidae), ventral view. (2) Body of juvenile (paratype, USNM No. 1659285) from intestine of east African black mud turtle, Pelusios subniger (Bonnaterre, 1789) (Pleurodira: Pelomedusidae), dorsal view. Oral sucker (os), pharynx (ph), nerve commissure (nc), excretory system (es), sinistral caecum (sc), ventral sucker (vs), vitellarium (vr), cirrus sac (cs), metraterm (m), vas deferens (vd), anterior vas efferens (ave), anterior testis (at), uterus (u), posterior vas efferens (pve), ovary (o), posterior testis (pt), and excretory pore (ep)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10668226" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10668226/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534118837FEC3873A723FFCFC" authorityName="Nicoll" authorityYear="1914" box="[373,596,845,864]" class="Trematoda" family="Liolopidae" genus="Harmotrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="infecundum">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434118837FEC3873A723FFCFC" bold="true" box="[373,596,845,864]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">Harmotrema infecundum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has vitelline follicles anterior to the ventral sucker (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="906FC0F734118837FE02871E7243FCE0" author="Nicoll, W." box="[436,552,873,892]" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" pagination="139 - 154" refId="ref11224" refString="Nicoll, W., 1914. Trematode parasites from animals dying in the Zoological Society' s gardens during 1911 - 1912. Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond. 1, 139 - 154." type="journal article" year="1914">Nicoll, 1914</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534118837FD8B871E72DEFCE0" authorityName="Yamaguti" authorityYear="1933" box="[573,693,873,892]" class="Trematoda" family="Liolopidae" genus="Harmotrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="laticaudae">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434118837FD8B871E72DEFCE0" bold="true" box="[573,693,873,892]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">H. laticaudae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has follicles that terminate at level of the ventral sucker and fill the inter-caecal space between the cirrus sac and ventral sucker (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="906FC0F734118837FDE887D6729FFC28" author="Yamaguti, S." box="[606,756,929,948]" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" pagination="1 - 134" refId="ref12094" refString="Yamaguti, S., 1933. Studies on the helminth fauna of Japan. Part 1. Trematodes of birds, reptiles and mammals. Jpn. J. Zool. 5, 1 - 134." type="journal article" year="1933">Yamaguti 1933</bibRefCitation>
|
||
);
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534118837FFD287CA70D2FC4C" authorityName="Tubangui and Masilungan" authorityYear="1936" box="[100,185,957,976]" class="Squamata" family="Elapidae" genus="Hydrophis" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="eugari">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434118837FFD287CA70D2FC4C" bold="true" box="[100,185,957,976]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">H. eugari</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has vitelline follicles that extend to nearly the level of the ventral sucker and fill the inter-caecal space (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="906FC0F734118837FDBF87AE70FFFB9B" author="Tubangui, M. A. & Masilungan, V. A." pageId="6" pageNumber="49" pagination="255 - 263" refId="ref12051" refString="Tubangui, M. A., Masilungan, V. A., 1936. Trematode parasites of Philippines vertebrates- VIII. Flukes from a cobra and a crocodile. Philipp. J. Sci. 60, 255 - 263." type="journal article" year="1936">Tubangui and Masilungan, 1936</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534118837FF6487827148FB9B" authorityName="Chattaparhyaya" authorityYear="1970" box="[210,291,1012,1032]" class="Trematoda" family="Liolopidae" genus="Harmotrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="indica">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434118837FF6487827148FB9B" bold="true" box="[210,291,1012,1032]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">H. indica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has vitelline follicles that fill the intercaecal space between the ventral sucker and cirrus sac as well as between the posterior testis and excretory pore (Chattoparhyaya, 1970). The new genus further differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534118837FE97803F71D4FBC0" box="[289,447,1096,1116]" class="Trematoda" family="Liolopidae" genus="Harmotrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434118837FE97803F71F9FBC7" bold="true" box="[289,402,1096,1115]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">Harmotrema</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by having a large body
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434118837FD14803F72D9FBC7" box="[674,690,1096,1115]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">></emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="330610E334118837FD05803F7282FBC0" box="[691,745,1096,1116]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
|
||
in length (vs.
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434118837FF6980137084FBEB" box="[223,239,1124,1143]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="49"><</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity id="330610E334118837FF5980137159FBEB" box="[239,306,1124,1143]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
|
||
), a minute ventral sucker not spanning the inter-caecal space (vs. ventral sucker spanning inter-caecal space), and a lobed ovary not abutting the posterior testis (vs. ovary not lobed, near to or abutting posterior testis). The new species also has a large uterus that can have
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434118837FF0880A370A5FB7B" box="[190,206,1236,1255]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">></emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="E2F8768F34118837FF7980A4717DFB7B" box="[207,278,1235,1255]" count="50" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" type="egg">50 eggs</specimenCount>
|
||
(vs. 21 or less in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="33FEC68534118837FE0880A37234FB7B" box="[446,607,1236,1255]" class="Trematoda" family="Liolopidae" genus="Harmotrema" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diplostomida" pageId="6" pageNumber="49" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="C68A611434118837FE0880A37244FB7B" bold="true" box="[446,559,1236,1255]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="49">Harmotrema</emphasis>
|
||
spp.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |