127 lines
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127 lines
21 KiB
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<document ID-CLB-Dataset="8441" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1015.54387" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7f0a1826-ba89-4ecb-adbb-275211293c87" ID-PMC="PMC7878468" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1015-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="AF1641758561525C8D40BBF3F895FA8A" ID-PubMed="33613041" ID-ZooBank="F6BD92139DB74564AA003C61B2F43B2D" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1015-1" checkinTime="1612497320802" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Abe, Hirokazu & Sato-Okoshi, Waka" docDate="2021" docId="2A89B6F128825E15B9B9095DA6895234" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1015: 1-86" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1015" docPubDate="2021-02-04" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1015.54387" docTitle="Dipolydora socialis" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" id="AF1641758561525C8D40BBF3F895FA8A" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="AF1641758561525C8D40BBF3F895FA8A" masterDocTitle="Molecular identification and larval morphology of spionid polychaetes (Annelida, Spionidae) from northeastern Japan" masterLastPageNumber="86" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1732648737807" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="3B70DD18CBC1752BEDF6401D80BE22C9">
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<mods:title id="F9E8AE54662F6C3CCEC356FAA90EF43D">Molecular identification and larval morphology of spionid polychaetes (Annelida, Spionidae) from northeastern Japan</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="AC561EA34CA4900B087590E88F65D62E" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="34994070DE421C36062B15338F2A0DDE">Abe, Hirokazu</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="97DF6121494CAF7E0ECD2077E9B04538">Department of Biology, Center for Liberal Arts & Sciences, Iwate Medical University, Idaidori 1 - 1 - 1, Yahaba-cho, Shiwa-gun, Iwate 028 - 3694, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="ADCABCA139A68C4DB0C4D61DD3EF4225" type="email">habe@iwate-med.ac.jp</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="693F22BFD69539A9363C25E0E0E82DE2">Sato-Okoshi, Waka</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="189FB35B77B3959CBA3FA603CCD26E3E">Laboratory of Biological Oceanography, Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Aramaki-Aza-Aoba 468 - 1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980 - 8572, Japan</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="E6565826E5658E28146ED91FD79FAB51">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="DA31159E3A863A9705BC4B914F1C7E4B">ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="008621752F90195309A9FC5F28ABC733">2021</mods:date>
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<treatment id="2A89B6F128825E15B9B9095DA6895234" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177212515" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2A89B6F128825E15B9B9095DA6895234" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2A89B6F128825E15B9B9095DA6895234" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" scope_family="Spionidae" scope_phylum="Annelida" scope_subFamily="Spioninae">
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<subSubSection id="60108F825C5088939D91FD7F46BC9E58" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="5B220C3E75B637A2E12F535D1530F4A2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName id="C078DCFA582E708E7F80687AEFEDA41D" ID-CoL="36PZF" LSID="2A89B6F1-2882-5E15-B9B9-095DA6895234" authority="(Schmarda, 1861)" baseAuthorityName="Schmarda" baseAuthorityYear="1861" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Dipolydora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dipolydora socialis" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="socialis">Dipolydora cf. socialis (Schmarda, 1861)</taxonomicName>
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<figureCitation id="3F5B737F70BDE870E4E9E3E3FC5B8CB5" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 7. Light micrographs showing the morphologies of living spionid larvae of genera Boccardia, Boccardiella, and Dipolydora A, B Boccardia proboscidea, dorsal view of accidentally hatched 9 - chaetiger (A) and 15 - chaetiger larvae (B) C Boccardia pseudonatrix, dorsal (left) and ventral (right) view of accidentally hatched 10 - chaetiger larvae D-F Boccardia sp. 1, dorsal view of 9 - chaetiger (D) and dorsal (E) and ventral view (F) of 17 - chaetiger larvae G Boccardia sp. 2, dorsal view of 15 - chaetiger larva H, I Boccardiella hamata, dorsal view of 16 - chaetiger (H) and 18 - chaetiger larvae (I) J, K Dipolydora bidentata, dorsal view of 13 - chaetiger (J) and 18 - chaetiger larvae (K) L Dipolydora cf. commensalis, dorsal view of 21 - chaetiger larva M, N Dipolydora giardi, dorsal view of 19 - chaetiger (M) and lateral view of 21 - chaetiger larvae (N) O Dipolydora cf. socialis, dorsal view of 18 - chaetiger larva P Dipolydora sp., dorsal view of 7 - chaetiger larva. Scale bars: 300 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1015.54387.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/505194" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Fig. 7O</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F213A36143F0D5C0E8F87CAD33B2341B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="larval morphology">
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<paragraph id="C7C221501B6E5FDDE7A71086991D14B5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Larval morphology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2BBE5D8E18B4B66C7443294C15CC0C4D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Late larvae usually thick and slightly fusiform in shape, although not as much as the larvae of
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<taxonomicName id="FECB7E8562C7CE152E547E7E26944B80" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Boccardia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Boccardia" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B66054CFB4CCE49D83B23BED9B33AE44" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Boccardia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. 2 (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="C4953D69E6B17976E177A06635D29925" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 7. Light micrographs showing the morphologies of living spionid larvae of genera Boccardia, Boccardiella, and Dipolydora A, B Boccardia proboscidea, dorsal view of accidentally hatched 9 - chaetiger (A) and 15 - chaetiger larvae (B) C Boccardia pseudonatrix, dorsal (left) and ventral (right) view of accidentally hatched 10 - chaetiger larvae D-F Boccardia sp. 1, dorsal view of 9 - chaetiger (D) and dorsal (E) and ventral view (F) of 17 - chaetiger larvae G Boccardia sp. 2, dorsal view of 15 - chaetiger larva H, I Boccardiella hamata, dorsal view of 16 - chaetiger (H) and 18 - chaetiger larvae (I) J, K Dipolydora bidentata, dorsal view of 13 - chaetiger (J) and 18 - chaetiger larvae (K) L Dipolydora cf. commensalis, dorsal view of 21 - chaetiger larva M, N Dipolydora giardi, dorsal view of 19 - chaetiger (M) and lateral view of 21 - chaetiger larvae (N) O Dipolydora cf. socialis, dorsal view of 18 - chaetiger larva P Dipolydora sp., dorsal view of 7 - chaetiger larva. Scale bars: 300 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1015.54387.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/505194" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">7G</figureCitation>
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),
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<taxonomicName id="3869993C9CC724DAF907ADADF2886027" baseAuthorityName="Webster" baseAuthorityYear="1879" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Boccardiella" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Boccardiella hamata" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="hamata">
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<emphasis id="5F9CB9AE7FF08B063865C5BCAED1757B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Boccardiella hamata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation id="642FBA37D361B3312862E0F0254868FE" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 7. Light micrographs showing the morphologies of living spionid larvae of genera Boccardia, Boccardiella, and Dipolydora A, B Boccardia proboscidea, dorsal view of accidentally hatched 9 - chaetiger (A) and 15 - chaetiger larvae (B) C Boccardia pseudonatrix, dorsal (left) and ventral (right) view of accidentally hatched 10 - chaetiger larvae D-F Boccardia sp. 1, dorsal view of 9 - chaetiger (D) and dorsal (E) and ventral view (F) of 17 - chaetiger larvae G Boccardia sp. 2, dorsal view of 15 - chaetiger larva H, I Boccardiella hamata, dorsal view of 16 - chaetiger (H) and 18 - chaetiger larvae (I) J, K Dipolydora bidentata, dorsal view of 13 - chaetiger (J) and 18 - chaetiger larvae (K) L Dipolydora cf. commensalis, dorsal view of 21 - chaetiger larva M, N Dipolydora giardi, dorsal view of 19 - chaetiger (M) and lateral view of 21 - chaetiger larvae (N) O Dipolydora cf. socialis, dorsal view of 18 - chaetiger larva P Dipolydora sp., dorsal view of 7 - chaetiger larva. Scale bars: 300 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1015.54387.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/505194" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">7H, I</figureCitation>
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), and
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<taxonomicName id="34A4573039D09C983AC752AA796FCB6F" authorityName="Czerniavsky" authorityYear="1881" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Pseudopolydora" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudopolydora" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="EEE6F6EA3B63806A3ECEE247663B2390" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Pseudopolydora</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="C4D13C3887FD1F8DEE26B73D7FA65524" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 9. Light micrographs showing the morphologies of living spionid larvae of genera Pseudopolydora and Spio A, B Pseudopolydora aff. achaeta, dorsal view of 12 - chaetiger (A) and 25 - chetiger larvae (B) C Pseudopolydora cf. kempi, dorsolateral view of 12 - chetiger larva D Pseudopolydora paucibranchiata, dorsal view of 13 - chaetiger larva E, F Pseudopolydora cf. reticulata, dorsal view of 17 - chaetiger (E) and 16 - chaetiger larvae (F) G, H Pseudopolydora tsubaki, dorsal view of 5 - chaetiger (G) and 11 - chaetiger larvae (H) I Pseudopolydora sp., dorsal view of 7 - chaetiger larva J, K Spio sp. 1, dorsal view of 8 - chaetiger (J) and lateral view of 12 - chaetiger larvae (K) L-N Spio sp. 2, dorsal view of 10 - chaetiger (L) and 17 - chaetiger larvae (M), and 17 - chaetiger metamorphosing larvae (N). Scale bars: 300 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1015.54387.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/505196" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">9A-I</figureCitation>
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). Anterior margin of prostomium has yellow-brown pigment. Three pairs of black eyes arranged in transverse row, most lateral pairs double-eyes. Band of black pigment on each lateral part of the peristomium. First dorsal black melanophores occur as paired bands on chaetiger III and continue through to chaetiger V. From chaetiger VI, two pairs of dorsal black spots or bands occur and continue to posterior end of body. From chaetiger IV or V and continuing posteriorly, clusters of small black pigmented cells present in transverse row on dorsal posterior half of chaetigers. Lateral pigment found on late larvae on chaetiger II. Each notopodial lobe tipped with orange pigment, small patch of black pigment at the base of notopodial lobes. Ventral pigment consists of paired bars on posterior border of chaetigers, commencing with chaetiger II. Some black or brown pigment may occur on pygidium. Gastrotrochs occur on chaetigers III, V, VII, X, XIII, XV and XVII.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="11CF9D502E73A021A7A2C5224F7B3052" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
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<paragraph id="BD659DC883BE137AE9F1F801BA48F867" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="7173BE18D16753C042236FB0746C05E4" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Adults of this species were non-boring and collected from muddy bottom sediment at 22 m depth in Onagawa Bay in December 2010 by using a Smith-McIntyre grab sampler and from bottom sediments of shallow subtidal zone in Sasuhama in April 2013. Adult morphology agrees with the description of
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<taxonomicName id="444918D0A8502F719863163D7EF4BC4A" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. socialis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="socialis">
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<emphasis id="5E9A79342923883DE0B0E0914073F1E6" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. socialis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by
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<bibRefCitation id="1CD1AD69448E76ED57F0C0331F2169D3" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315499002143" author="Sato-Okoshi, W" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="443 - 456" refId="B181" refString="Sato-Okoshi, W, 2000. Polydorid species (Polychaeta: Spionidae) in Japan, with descriptions of morphology, ecology and burrow structure. 2. Non-boring species. Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom 80: 443 - 456, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315499002143" title="Polydorid species (Polychaeta: Spionidae) in Japan, with descriptions of morphology, ecology and burrow structure. 2. Non-boring species." url="https://doi.org/10.1017/S0025315499002143" volume="80" year="2000">Sato-Okoshi (2000)</bibRefCitation>
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. The 18S rRNA gene sequence obtained in the present study showed a 0.35% (6/1715 bp) difference with that of
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<taxonomicName id="BE2349ABCEE889F0DA81CC2130E84BD0" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. socialis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="socialis">D. cf. socialis</taxonomicName>
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from South Africa (KY677899) reported by
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<bibRefCitation id="79DAFA4401DFF06A60AB8C475AEBE5E8" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/15627020.2017.1313131" author="Williams, L-G" journalOrPublisher="Invertebrate Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B223" refString="Williams, L-G, Karl, S, Simon, C, 2017. Molecular identification of polydorid polychaetes (Annelida: Spionidae): Is there a quick way to identify pest and alien species? African Zoology 52: 105-117. https://doi.org/10.1080/15627020.2017.1313131" title="Molecular identification of polydorid polychaetes (Annelida: Spionidae): Is there a quick way to identify pest and alien species? African Zoology 52: 105 - 117." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/15627020.2017.1313131" year="2017">Williams et al. (2017)</bibRefCitation>
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, which may indicate that these two are different species. The 18S rRNA gene sequence obtained in the present study rather closer to that of
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<taxonomicName id="836EED20EE9696300921187F3534D3D8" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. carunculata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="carunculata">
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<emphasis id="8D23942908F5ED730BA30CEC8A49CE4B" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. carunculata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(940/942 bp match) reported by
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<bibRefCitation id="84382DD12FE83CA00C02A492807AE22B" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-013-2214-8" author="Radashevsky, VI" journalOrPublisher="Marine Biology" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1619 - 1624" refId="B155" refString="Radashevsky, VI, Pankova, VV, 2013. Shell-boring versus tube-dwelling: is the mode of life fixed or flexible? Two cases in spionid polychaetes (Annelida, Spionidae). Marine Biology 160: 1619 - 1624, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-013-2214-8" title="Shell-boring versus tube-dwelling: is the mode of life fixed or flexible? Two cases in spionid polychaetes (Annelida, Spionidae)." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00227-013-2214-8" volume="160" year="2013">Radashevsky and Pankova (2013)</bibRefCitation>
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, but the 16S gene sequence showed a 2.3% (11/475 bp) difference with that of
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<taxonomicName id="38CE6FB979D6F3049FFA4FD6781D02BF" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. carunculata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="carunculata">
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<emphasis id="3D181543C163B76EF8EB427A3E2E3DD0" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. carunculata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. As described above, since the taxonomic status of the species reported here is uncertain, we tentatively referred to it as
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<taxonomicName id="890952C0F021A8E71D9DA646A7D5AD9F" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. socialis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="socialis">D. cf. socialis</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="F464D3ADC2A1C20BC09CB18B7D9D781C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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Planktonic larvae of this species were collected from Onagawa Bay in November 2010 and 2011, and in October 2012. The larvae and adults were confirmed to match (18S: 1770/1770, 16S: 473/475 bp) using molecular data (Fig.
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<figureCitation id="6BF5EE89440EBBDEEFFC934AB76EBC53" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Maximum Likelihood tree inferred from nuclear 18 S and mitochondrial 16 S rRNA gene sequences of spionids obtained from Japan in the present and previous studies (provided in Table 1). The gene sequences of adult and larval spionid polychaetes are indicated by solid squares and circles in front of each species name, respectively. SH-aLRT / approximate Bayes support / ultrafast bootstrap support values of ≥ 80 %, ≥ 0.95, ≥ 95 %, respectively are given beside the respective nodes. Nodes with red circles indicate triple high support values of SH-aLRT ≥ 80, approximate Bayes support ≥ 0.95, and ultrafast bootstrap support ≥ 95. The scale bar represents the number of substitutions per site. Sequences of Laonome sp. and Sabella pavonina Savigny, 1822 obtained from DDBJ / EMBL / GenBank were used for outgroup rooting." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1015.54387.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/505188" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">2</figureCitation>
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). The larval morphology of this species agrees with that of
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<taxonomicName id="83EBFE490297A3F333FB3E49FDA9A3D8" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="D. socialis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="socialis">
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<emphasis id="81555F2ADF6518BB4382548C5D96E0A3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D. socialis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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described as
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<taxonomicName id="B953EF4B554D9AF5AA2EFEF5C58A5F32" baseAuthorityName="Schmarda" baseAuthorityYear="1861" class="Polychaeta" family="Spionidae" genus="Polydora" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polydora socialis" order="Spionida" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="socialis">
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<emphasis id="4E7971304F63FEAC05939D269047B9EC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Polydora socialis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by
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<bibRefCitation id="2D07C29B70F67CE768C54DAFE6BA68E2" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00785326.1969.10419288" author="Blake, JA" journalOrPublisher="Ophelia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 63" refId="B19" refString="Blake, JA, 1969. Reproduction and larval development of Polydora from northern New England. Ophelia 7: 1 - 63, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00785326.1969.10419288" title="Reproduction and larval development of Polydora from northern New England." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00785326.1969.10419288" volume="7" year="1969">Blake (1969)</bibRefCitation>
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and
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<bibRefCitation id="96A83CC46B30BEEBF779FB52BA4F98F9" author="Carrasco, FD" journalOrPublisher="Gayana Zoologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 63" refId="B40" refString="Carrasco, FD, 1976. Larvas de la familia Spionidae (Polychaeta) en el plancton de la Bahia de Concepcion, Chile. Gayana Zoologia 38: 1 - 63" title="Larvas de la familia Spionidae (Polychaeta) en el plancton de la Bahia de Concepcion, Chile." volume="38" year="1976">Carrasco (1976)</bibRefCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |