140 lines
18 KiB
XML
140 lines
18 KiB
XML
<document id="54965F2E4F62339AD16EC34B63AE8C31" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3714.1.1" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-ZooBank="AADEC3E3-FAEF-4865-8A26-B1483B11DCE9" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629903914705" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Fraser, Thomas H." docDate="2013" docId="03D987C8FFDDFFB4FF78F99FA13CDA1B" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03714p063.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3714 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3714.1.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3.14:Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleId="5EBBA59367AD13919D70D935FA04F6A3" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.monograph" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Kurtidae Bleeker 1859" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="56" masterDocId="FFE0FFB0FFEBFF83FFEFFFC4A417DE0B" masterDocTitle="A new genus of cardinalfish (Apogonidae: Percomorpha), redescription of Archamia and resemblances and relationships with Kurtus (Kurtidae: Percomorpha)" masterLastPageNumber="63" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="55" updateTime="1699126633381" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="7799B6C4F0A09C77C5527F238C3F3EC7">A new genus of cardinalfish (Apogonidae: Percomorpha), redescription of Archamia and resemblances and relationships with Kurtus (Kurtidae: Percomorpha)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E584BC60403C1E19E88545F456336771">Fraser, Thomas H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="01C34661B6E40E2C026511302DBAE7E2">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="576F7F28ADC8C61C5996913B81F6898A">
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<mods:date id="FBD3564222DD5DC4C529ACD5C00C75EA">2013</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D407285DBAE5DB73DBBF772BA80BA06A">2013-09-19</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="8A1F6B455A3B2D2E040D1F0EB0F5E699">3714</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="D7C97D8E55725D0D94F1EEE75C240564">1</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="E520A05F28EBFCD27F3DA0C2B1167EBE">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3714.1.1</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="21704A64202E5AFA6B131084973F76CF">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="3B76C1881B279DAB84F5B806B60D5E06" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3714.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03D987C8FFDDFFB4FF78F99FA13CDA1B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D987C8FFDDFFB4FF78F99FA13CDA1B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D987C8FFDDFFB4FF78F99FA13CDA1B" lastPageId="55" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<subSubSection id="C36A6555FFDDFFB5FF78F99FA57FD87E" box="[151,360,1627,1653]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BCF36DEFFDDFFB5FF78F99FA57FD87E" blockId="54.[151,360,1627,1653]" box="[151,360,1627,1653]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<heading id="D08781B2FFDDFFB5FF78F99FA57FD87E" bold="true" box="[151,360,1627,1653]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" reason="3">
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<emphasis id="B904EACCFFDDFFB5FF78F99FA57FD87E" bold="true" box="[151,360,1627,1653]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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Family
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<taxonomicName id="4C704D5DFFDDFFB5FF19F99FA57FD87E" ID-CoL="624WX" ID-ENA="215393" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1859" box="[246,360,1627,1653]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Kurtidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Kurtidae</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36A6555FFDDFFB4FF78F965A13CDA1B" lastPageId="55" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BCF36DEFFDDFFB5FF78F965A725D8B1" blockId="54.[151,818,1697,1722]" box="[151,818,1697,1722]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<emphasis id="B904EACCFFDDFFB5FF78F965A506D8B1" bold="true" box="[151,273,1697,1722]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Same as given under the treatment of the genus.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCF36DEFFDDFFB5FF78F8C9A504D92C" blockId="54.[151,275,1805,1831]" box="[151,275,1805,1831]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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<emphasis id="B904EACCFFDDFFB5FF78F8C9A504D92C" bold="true" box="[151,275,1805,1831]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Summary</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCF36DEFFDDFFB4FF78F890A10BDF83" blockId="54.[151,1437,1876,2009]" lastBlockId="55.[151,1437,151,1040]" lastPageId="55" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">
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The
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<taxonomicName id="4C704D5DFFDDFFB5FF23F890A542D966" box="[204,341,1876,1901]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Apogonidae</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C704D5DFFDDFFB5FE60F890A5E6D966" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1859" box="[399,497,1876,1901]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Kurtidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Kurtidae</taxonomicName>
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are monophyletic families. The assertion of sister relationship between
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<taxonomicName id="4C704D5DFFDDFFB5FAC1F890A18CD966" authorityName="Gill" authorityYear="1863" box="[1326,1435,1876,1901]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" genus="Archamia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B904EACCFFDDFFB5FAC1F890A18CD966" box="[1326,1435,1876,1901]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Archamia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C704D5DFFDDFFB5FF27F8BDA502D99B" authorityName="Bloch" authorityYear="1786" box="[200,277,1913,1936]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Kurtidae" genus="Kurtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B904EACCFFDDFFB5FF27F8BDA502D99B" box="[200,277,1913,1936]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Kurtus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is rejected. Similarities between
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<taxonomicName id="4C704D5DFFDDFFB5FD7BF8B3A716D99B" authorityName="Gill" authorityYear="1863" box="[660,769,1911,1936]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" genus="Archamia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B904EACCFFDDFFB5FD7BF8B3A716D99B" box="[660,769,1911,1936]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Archamia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C704D5DFFDDFFB5FCD3F8BDA79FD99B" authorityName="Bloch" authorityYear="1786" box="[828,904,1913,1936]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Kurtidae" genus="Kurtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B904EACCFFDDFFB5FCD3F8BDA79FD99B" box="[828,904,1913,1936]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Kurtus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are superficial and have arisen independently. Known osteology and morphology of
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<taxonomicName id="4C704D5DFFDDFFB5FD82F858A6CDD9BE" authorityName="Gill" authorityYear="1863" box="[621,730,1948,1973]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" genus="Archamia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B904EACCFFDDFFB5FD82F858A6CDD9BE" box="[621,730,1948,1973]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Archamia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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have no clearly identified morphological synapomorphies supportive of a sister relationship with
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<taxonomicName id="4C704D5DFFDDFFB5FDA1F805A68DD9D3" authorityName="Bloch" authorityYear="1786" box="[590,666,1985,2008]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Kurtidae" genus="Kurtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B904EACCFFDDFFB5FDA1F805A68DD9D3" box="[590,666,1985,2008]" italics="true" pageId="54" pageNumber="55">Kurtus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE14B2FFFDDFFB5FD46F804A77ED9D2" author="Prokofiev, A. M." box="[681,873,1984,2009]" pageId="54" pageNumber="55" pagination="279 - 291" refId="ref40735" refString="Prokofiev, A. M. (2006) A new genus of cardinalfishes (Perciformes: Apogonidae) from the South China Sea, with a discussion between the families Apogonidae and Kurtidae. Voprosy Iktiologii, 46 (3), 293 - 305 [English in Journal of Ichthyology, 46 (4), 279 - 291]. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1134 / s 0032945206040011" type="journal article" year="2006">Prokofiev (2006)</bibRefCitation>
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and Thacker (2009) may have been convinced by resemblance of characters rather than synapomorphies of homologous characters. Apomorphic characters of
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<taxonomicName id="4C704D5DFFDCFFB4FF78FF79A4F4DEDF" authorityName="Bloch" authorityYear="1786" box="[151,227,189,212]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Kurtidae" genus="Kurtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B904EACCFFDCFFB4FF78FF79A4F4DEDF" box="[151,227,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Kurtus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are unusual, making its nearest living phylogenetic relative uncertain. Other characters are homoplasic, or often plesiomorphic. A single possible synapomorphic character in kurtid gill arches is shared with at least three other families of percomorph fishes (
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<taxonomicName id="4C704D5DFFDCFFB4FD87FEC0A6CCDF16" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1859" box="[616,731,260,285]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gerreidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Gerreidae</taxonomicName>
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, Glaucosmatidae and some
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<taxonomicName id="4C704D5DFFDCFFB4FBD4FEC0A0D8DF16" box="[1083,1231,260,285]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Pempheridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Pempheridae</taxonomicName>
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) and apogonids. Interpretation of this character may be useful at some higher level, but for now it is uncertain. Ultrastructure of eggs may contain possible synapomorphic characters, but lack of information hampers interpretation and requires additional study. No morphological synapomorphy was the exclusive domain of apogonids and kurtids.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCF36DEFFDCFFB4FF28FE50A68CDFDB" blockId="55.[151,1437,151,1040]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
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There are intriguing morphological characters that point to carangoid fishes as a possible sister group with
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<taxonomicName id="4C704D5DFFDCFFB4FF78FE73A4EEDFDB" authorityName="Bleeker" authorityYear="1859" box="[151,249,439,464]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Kurtidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Kurtidae</taxonomicName>
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and should be confirmed or rejected.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCF36DEFFDCFFB4FF28FE18A76FDDC3" blockId="55.[151,1437,151,1040]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE14B2FFFDCFFB4FF28FE18A5C4DFFE" author="Betancur-R. R. & Broughton, R. E. & Wiley, E. O. & Carpenter, K. & Lopez, J. A. & Li, C. & Holcroft, N. I. & Arcila, D & Sanciango, M. & Cureton, II, J. C. & Zhang, F. & Buser, T. & Campbell, M. A. & Ballesteros, J. A. & Roa-Varon, A. & Willis, S. & Borden, W. C. & Rowley, T. & Reneau, P. C. & Hough, D. J. & Lu, G. & Grande, T. & Arratia, G. & Orti, G." box="[199,467,476,501]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" pagination="1" refId="ref35109" refString="Betancur-R. R., Broughton, R. E., Wiley, E. O., Carpenter, K., Lopez, J. A., Li, C., Holcroft, N. I., Arcila, D, Sanciango, M., Cureton, II, J. C., Zhang, F., Buser, T., Campbell, M. A., Ballesteros, J. A., Roa-Varon, A., Willis, S., Borden, W. C., Rowley, T., Reneau, P. C., Hough, D. J., Lu, G., Grande, T., Arratia, G. & Orti, G. (2013) The tree of life and a new classification of bony fishes. Plos Currents Tree of Life, Apr 23, Edition 1. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1371 / currents. tol. 53 ba 26640 df 0 ccaee 75 bb 165 c 8 c 26288" type="journal article" year="2013">
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Betancur-R
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<emphasis id="B904EACCFFDCFFB4FEA0FE19A596DFFE" box="[335,385,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">et al</emphasis>
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. (2013
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</bibRefCitation>
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, p. 14) stated... “There is also morphological evidence supporting a close relationship between gobids and apogonids 108,109 as well as between kurtids and apogonids 110.” All three cited papers (108,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE14B2FFFDCFFB4FF78FDE0A533DC36" author="Miller, P. J." box="[151,292,548,573]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" pagination="397 - 434" refId="ref39676" refString="Miller, P. J. (1973) The osteology and adaptive features of Rhyacichthys aspro (Teleostei: Gobioidei) and the classification of gobioid fishes. Journal of Zoology, 171 (3), 397 - 434. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.1973. tb 05347. x" type="journal article" year="1973">Miller 1973</bibRefCitation>
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; 109,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE14B2FFFDCFFB4FE9EFDE0A643DC36" author="Winterbottom, W." box="[369,596,548,573]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" pagination="395 - 414" refId="ref43289" refString="Winterbottom, W. (1993) Search for the gobioid sister group (Actinopterygii: Percomorpha). Bulletin of Marine Science, 52 (1), 395 - 414." type="journal article" year="1993">Winterbottom 1993</bibRefCitation>
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; 110 Johnson 1993) are part of this analysis. Miller’s only mention of apogonids was given above in the discussion of free neuromasts. Winterbottom concluded... “Three taxa emerge as potentially viable candidates for the status of the gobioid sister group-the gobiesocids (plus or minus the callionymoids), some subset of the trachinoids and some subset of the scorpaeniforms (especially the hoplichthyids).” Johnson noted... “There is, in fact, evidence suggesting that
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<taxonomicName id="4C704D5DFFDCFFB4FBEFFD71A05BDCC7" authorityName="Bloch" authorityYear="1786" box="[1024,1100,693,716]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Kurtidae" genus="Kurtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B904EACCFFDCFFB4FBEFFD71A05BDCC7" box="[1024,1100,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Kurtus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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may be closely related to the
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<taxonomicName id="4C704D5DFFDCFFB4FF78FD13A533DCFB" box="[151,292,727,752]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Apogonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Apogonidae</taxonomicName>
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. The configuration of the dorsal gill-arch elements is remarkably similar to that of the apogonids.” “More detailed comparison of the ultrastructure and innervation of sensory papillae will be necessary to evaluate their homology in these groups. Another test of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C704D5DFFDCFFB4FD0AFCE5A726DD33" authorityName="Bloch" authorityYear="1786" box="[741,817,801,824]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Kurtidae" genus="Kurtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B904EACCFFDCFFB4FD0AFCE5A726DD33" box="[741,817,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Kurtus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and apogonid hypothesis is available through detailed comparison of the eggs, both of which bear filaments around the micropyle that serve to bind the eggs together into a mass which is brooded in the mouth of apogonids and carried on the supraoccipital hook in
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<taxonomicName id="4C704D5DFFDCFFB4FAEBFCADA147DD8B" authorityName="Bloch" authorityYear="1786" box="[1284,1360,873,896]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Kurtidae" genus="Kurtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B904EACCFFDCFFB4FAEBFCADA147DD8B" box="[1284,1360,873,896]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Kurtus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.” The molecular tree reported by Betancur
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<emphasis id="B904EACCFFDCFFB4FDD8FC49A67EDDAE" box="[567,617,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">et al</emphasis>
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. (2013, fig. 3) is not supported by their own citations for morphological support within the major branch of the hypothesized
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<taxonomicName id="4C704D5DFFDCFFB4FD08FC6BA764DDC3" authorityName="D.S.Jordan" authorityYear="1923" box="[743,883,943,968]" class="Actinopterygii" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Kurtiformes" pageId="55" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Kurtiformes</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCF36DEFFDCFFB4FF28FC10A13CDA1B" blockId="55.[151,1437,151,1040]" pageId="55" pageNumber="56">Partial hypotheses from molecular trees showing some association between the apogonids and kurtids have yet to find a basis in morphological homologies that are unequivocal evidence of synapomorphic characters.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
</treatment>
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||
</document> |