390 lines
44 KiB
XML
390 lines
44 KiB
XML
<document id="F8F3E725DE7475B12E054D40FE754EAA" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.176955" ID-GBIF-Dataset="08dc7799-e0be-4121-b35e-ba12089c9b11" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="176955" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459844049312" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Lehr, Edgar" docDate="2007" docId="03D987A1A32D7A33E69707CC54F8A68F" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01485p057.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1485" docStyle="DocumentStyle:6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0.4:Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleId="6581673A57F01A3145754A1E615EDFF0" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2007-2008.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Phrynopus peruanus Peters" docType="treatment" docVersion="10" lastPageNumber="56" masterDocId="FFE0FFD9A32C7A36E600032E5023A569" masterDocTitle="Rediscovery of Phrynopus peruanus Peters 1874 (Amphibia, Anura, Leptodactylidae)" masterLastPageNumber="57" masterPageNumber="51" pageNumber="52" updateTime="1698224674344" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="135200D36E36236545C5C976DF822280">Rediscovery of Phrynopus peruanus Peters 1874 (Amphibia, Anura, Leptodactylidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D7537928F5BC963DE8E32C82D35E269E">Lehr, Edgar</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="57126443465AF1F064CE18131200CB0B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="FC8BAC46DDE111EA4C315DC2CAFDF274">2007</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03D987A1A32D7A33E69707CC54F8A68F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5694283" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119361161" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5694283" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D987A1A32D7A33E69707CC54F8A68F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D987A1A32D7A33E69707CC54F8A68F" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="56" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
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<subSubSection id="C36A653CA32D7A34E69707CC5225A5B3" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BCF36B7A32D7A37E69707CC51CAA195" blockId="1.[151,489,1250,1276]" box="[151,489,1250,1276]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
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<heading id="D08781DBA32D7A37E69707CC51CAA195" bold="true" box="[151,489,1250,1276]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C704D34A32D7A37E69707CC51CAA195" authority="Peters" authorityName="Peters" box="[151,489,1250,1276]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="peruanus">
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<emphasis id="B904EAA5A32D7A37E69707CC51CAA195" bold="true" box="[151,489,1250,1276]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
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<emphasis id="B904EAA5A32D7A37E69707CC51B7A195" bold="true" box="[151,404,1250,1276]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Phrynopus peruanus</emphasis>
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Peters
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCF36B7A32D7A37E69706035219A0AD" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
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<table id="F970C417A32D85C9E697060355BFA0AD" box="[151,1436,1325,1476]" gridcols="10" gridrows="5" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
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<tr id="354034F5A32D85C9E697060355BFA02D" box="[151,1436,1325,1348]" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
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<th id="76915D89A32D85C9E697060352C2A02D" box="[151,737,1325,1348]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
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<taxonomicName id="4C704D34A32D7A37E69706035218A02D" authority="Peters, 1874:426" authorityName="Peters" authorityPageNumber="426" authorityYear="1874" box="[151,571,1325,1348]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="peruanus">
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<emphasis id="B904EAA5A32D7A37E69706035154A02D" box="[151,375,1325,1348]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Phrynopus peruanus</emphasis>
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Peters, 1874:426
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</taxonomicName>
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. ZMB 7707 (3
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</th>
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<th id="76915D89A32D85C9E4EC06035371A02D" box="[748,850,1325,1348]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">syntypes)</th>
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<th id="76915D89A32D85C9E55C060353E7A02D" box="[860,964,1325,1348]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">following</th>
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<th id="76915D89A32D85C9E5CD0603542EA02D" box="[973,1037,1325,1348]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Bauer</th>
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<th id="76915D89A32D85C9E21706035409A02D" box="[1047,1066,1325,1348]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">et</th>
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<th id="76915D89A32D85C9E2350603546CA02D" box="[1077,1103,1325,1348]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">al.</th>
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<th id="76915D89A32D85C9E25806035485A02D" box="[1112,1190,1325,1348]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">(1995),</th>
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<th id="76915D89A32D85C9E2B006035513A02D" box="[1200,1328,1325,1348]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">“Maraynioc</th>
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<th id="76915D89A32D85C9E33A0603556DA02D" box="[1338,1358,1325,1348]" gridcol="8" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">in</th>
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<th id="76915D89A32D85C9E359060355BFA02D" box="[1369,1436,1325,1348]" gridcol="9" gridrow="0" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Peru”,</th>
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</tr>
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<tr id="354034F5A32D85C9E697066355BFA00D" box="[151,1436,1357,1380]" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
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<th id="76915D89A32D85C9E697066352C2A00D" box="[151,737,1357,1380]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">[Departamento de Junín, Peru]. Lynch, 1975:35.</th>
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</tr>
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<tr id="354034F5A32D85C9E697064355BFA0ED" box="[151,1436,1389,1412]" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
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<th id="76915D89A32D85C9E697064352C2A0ED" box="[151,737,1389,1412]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
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<emphasis id="B904EAA5A32D7A37E69706435197A0ED" box="[151,436,1389,1412]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
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<taxonomicName id="4C704D34A32D7A37E69706435110A0ED" box="[151,307,1389,1412]" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Borborocoetes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Borborocoetes</taxonomicName>
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peruanus—
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</emphasis>
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Boulenger, 1882:255.
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</th>
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</tr>
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<tr id="354034F5A32D85C9E69706A355BFA0CD" box="[151,1436,1421,1444]" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
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<th id="76915D89A32D85C9E69706A352C2A0CD" box="[151,737,1421,1444]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
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<emphasis id="B904EAA5A32D7A37E69706A35181A0CD" box="[151,418,1421,1444]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">E[upsophus] peruanus—</emphasis>
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Parker, 1932:344.
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</th>
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</tr>
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<tr id="354034F5A32D85C9E697068355BFA0AD" box="[151,1436,1453,1476]" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
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<th id="76915D89A32D85C9E697068352C2A0AD" box="[151,737,1453,1476]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
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<emphasis id="B904EAA5A32D7A37E697068351AFA0AD" box="[151,396,1453,1476]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
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<taxonomicName id="4C704D34A32D7A37E69706835129A0AD" box="[151,266,1453,1476]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Phrynopus</taxonomicName>
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peruanus—
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</emphasis>
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Lynch, 1975:35.
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</th>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCF36B7A32D7A34E69706DB5225A5B3" blockId="1.[151,1436,1525,2031]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1436,152,218]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">
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<emphasis id="B904EAA5A32D7A37E69706DB5175A366" bold="true" box="[151,342,1525,1551]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Characteristics</emphasis>
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(based on two males: MHNSM 19978, MTD 46802, two females: MHNSM 19977, MTD 46801, and three
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<typeStatus id="54CB8815A32D7A37E765053351F3A35E" box="[357,464,1565,1591]" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
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: ZMB 7707). A species of
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<taxonomicName id="4C704D34A32D7A37E514053353B0A35F" box="[788,915,1565,1590]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="52" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B904EAA5A32D7A37E514053353B0A35F" box="[788,915,1565,1590]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Phrynopus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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having (1) skin on dorsum tuberculate with tubercles coalesced into ridges dorsally and dorsolaterally; skin on venter areolate; discoidal fold obscure; dorsolateral folds absent; (2) tympanic membrane and tympanic annulus evident, vertically ovoid, its length slightly less than half length of eye; (3) snout short, rounded in dorsal view, rounded above and slightly inclined anteroventrally in profile (
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<figureCitation id="134B2A32A32D7A37E4360593525BA3BE" box="[566,632,1725,1751]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,254,1338,1362]" captionTargetBox="[289,1292,276,1337]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[272,1314,247,1359]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Dorsal (A) and lateral (B) views of head and ventral views of hand (C) and foot (D) of Phrynopus peruanus (MHNSM 19977, SVL 27.5 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/176956/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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A, B); (4) upper eyelid lacking tubercles, narrower than interorbital distance; cranial crests absent; (5) dentigerous processes of vomers round; (6) vocal sac present, vocal slits absent, nuptial pads present on Finger I; (7) Finger I shorter than Finger II; tips of digits rounded, not expanded (
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<figureCitation id="134B2A32A32D7A37E718041B5178A226" box="[280,347,1845,1871]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,254,1338,1362]" captionTargetBox="[289,1292,276,1337]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[272,1314,247,1359]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Dorsal (A) and lateral (B) views of head and ventral views of hand (C) and foot (D) of Phrynopus peruanus (MHNSM 19977, SVL 27.5 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/176956/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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C); (8) fingers lacking lateral fringes; (9) ulnar tubercles absent; (10) heel and tarsus lacking tubercles and folds; (11) inner metatarsal tubercle ovoid, approximately equal in size to ovoid outer metatarsal tubercle; plantar supernumerary tubercles absent (
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<figureCitation id="134B2A32A32D7A37E4E504AB5304A2F6" box="[741,807,1925,1951]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,254,1338,1362]" captionTargetBox="[289,1292,276,1337]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[272,1314,247,1359]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Dorsal (A) and lateral (B) views of head and ventral views of hand (C) and foot (D) of Phrynopus peruanus (MHNSM 19977, SVL 27.5 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/176956/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="52">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
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D); (12) toes lacking lateral fringes; webbing absent; Toe V slightly shorter than Toe III; tips of digits rounded; (13) dorsum mottled brownish olive and black; venter mottled pale gray and blackish brown; in females, inside of lower arms, axilla, groin, and concealed surfaces of shanks orange; (24) SVL in males
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<quantity id="4C889B52A32E7A34E4C503B6535AA5DB" box="[709,889,152,178]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.23" metricValueMax="2.25" metricValueMin="2.21" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" unit="mm" value="22.3" valueMax="22.5" valueMin="22.1">22.1–22.5 mm</quantity>
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, in females 23.3–30.0 mm. See table 1 for measurements and proportions.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<caption id="DF0F663FA32E7A34E69706145220A01A" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/176956/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" targetBox="[289,1292,276,1337]" targetPageId="2">
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<paragraph id="8BCF36B7A32E7A34E69706145220A01A" blockId="2.[151,1435,1338,1395]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis id="B904EAA5A32E7A34E6970614513BA03B" bold="true" box="[151,280,1338,1362]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
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Dorsal (A) and lateral (B) views of head and ventral views of hand (C) and foot (D) of
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<taxonomicName id="4C704D34A32E7A34E2BE061455B8A038" box="[1214,1435,1338,1361]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="peruanus">
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<emphasis id="B904EAA5A32E7A34E2BE061455B8A038" box="[1214,1435,1338,1361]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Phrynopus peruanus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(MHNSM 19977, SVL 27.5 mm).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<subSubSection id="C36A653CA32E7A34E6C60689545EA240" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BCF36B7A32E7A34E6C60689538AA350" blockId="2.[151,1437,1447,2033]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis id="B904EAA5A32E7A34E6C606895180A0A8" bold="true" box="[198,419,1447,1473]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Coloration in life.</emphasis>
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The dorsum of a male (MHNSM 19978,
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<figureCitation id="134B2A32A32E7A34E58A068953EDA0A8" box="[906,974,1447,1473]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,255,982,1006]" captionTargetBox="[540,1046,203,923]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[535,1052,194,928]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of male Phrynopus peruanus (MHNSM 19978, SVL 22.5 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/176957/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
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) was mottled brownish olive and black with a narrow, discontinuous, tan middorsal stripe; the groin and venter was mottled pale gray and blackish brown; the iris was greenish gold with black reticulations. The dorsum in the other male (MTD 46802) was tan with less black, but was otherwise colored as mentioned above.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BCF36B7A32E7A34E6C60569545EA240" blockId="2.[151,1437,1447,2033]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
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The dorsum of a female (MHNSM 19977,
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<figureCitation id="134B2A32A32E7A34E4C505695329A308" box="[709,778,1607,1633]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,255,1854,1878]" captionTargetBox="[540,1046,1106,1793]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[540,1046,1106,1793]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of female Phrynopus peruanus (MHNSM 19977, SVL 27.5 mm)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/176958/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
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) was brownish olive with tubercles and ridges outlined with blackish brown; the venter was pale gray with blackish-brown blotches on chest and on belly; the thighs were blackish brown; the median surfaces of the forearms, axilla, groin, and concealed surfaces of shanks were orange, and orange blotches were on the proximal ventral surface of the tarsus; the upper half of iris was greenish gold with black reticulations, and the lower half was black. The other female (MTD 46801) differed in having a narrow, tan middorsal stripe. Orange coloration was restricted to females.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36A653CA32E7A32E6C604195238A594" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="55" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="8BCF36B7A32E7A34E6C604195291A298" blockId="2.[151,1437,1447,2033]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">
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<emphasis id="B904EAA5A32E7A34E6C604195226A238" bold="true" box="[198,517,1847,1873]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Distribution and ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C704D34A32E7A34E41004165325A238" box="[528,774,1848,1873]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="peruanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904EAA5A32E7A34E41004165325A238" box="[528,774,1848,1873]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Phrynopus peruanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is only known from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB8815A32E7A34E2370419544AA238" box="[1079,1129,1847,1873]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality in the Cordillera Oriental in the puna of Maraynioc at
|
||
<quantity id="4C889B52A32E7A34E44F0471528AA210" box="[591,681,1887,1913]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.825" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="3825.0">3825 m</quantity>
|
||
a.s.l. (
|
||
<figureCitation id="134B2A32A32E7A34E4F804715363A210" box="[760,832,1887,1913]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[151,255,2003,2027]" captionText="FIGURE 4. Collecting site of Phrynopus peruanus." pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
) in the Vitoc Valley (
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE445070A32E7A34E23F047154D0A210" box="[1087,1267,1887,1913]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" precision="1" value="-11.359778">11° 21' 35.2" S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE445070A32E7A34E30104715094A2C8" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" precision="1" value="-75.48128">75° 28' 52.6" W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
). Males and females were found inside bunches of Peruvian Feather Grass (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C704D34A32E7A34E25004A654F7A2C8" box="[1104,1236,1928,1953]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Stipa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="icchu">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904EAA5A32E7A34E25004A654F7A2C8" box="[1104,1236,1928,1953]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Stipa icchu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) next to a small creek in a swampy area during the early afternoon (13–14.00 h) on
|
||
<date id="FFCE1077A32E7A34E5CE048154FDA2A0" box="[974,1246,1967,1993]" pageId="2" pageNumber="53" value="2005-12-13" valueMax="2005-12-14" valueMin="2005-12-13">13–14 December 2005</date>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="134B2A32A32E7A34E2F10481551FA2A0" box="[1265,1340,1967,1993]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[151,255,1996,2020]" captionTargetBox="[171,1419,1044,1980]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[171,1420,1044,1980]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5. Habitat of Phrynopus peruanus." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/176959/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="53">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
). Males were calling from inside the bunches of grass.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF0F663FA32F7A35E69700F8550DA684" box="[151,1326,982,1006]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/176957/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" targetBox="[540,1046,203,923]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF36B7A32F7A35E69700F8550DA684" blockId="3.[151,1326,982,1006]" box="[151,1326,982,1006]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904EAA5A32F7A35E69700F85131A687" bold="true" box="[151,274,982,1006]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
|
||
. Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of male
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C704D34A32F7A35E4DE00F95398A687" box="[734,955,983,1006]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="peruanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904EAA5A32F7A35E4DE00F95398A687" box="[734,955,983,1006]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Phrynopus peruanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MHNSM 19978, SVL 22.5 mm).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF0F663FA32F7A35E69704105561A23C" box="[151,1346,1854,1878]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/176958/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" targetBox="[540,1046,1106,1793]" targetPageId="3">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF36B7A32F7A35E69704105561A23C" blockId="3.[151,1346,1854,1878]" box="[151,1346,1854,1878]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904EAA5A32F7A35E6970410513AA23F" bold="true" box="[151,281,1854,1878]" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal (A) and ventral (B) views of female
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C704D34A32F7A35E4F2041053ECA23C" box="[754,975,1854,1877]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="54" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="peruanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904EAA5A32F7A35E4F2041053ECA23C" box="[754,975,1854,1877]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="54">Phrynopus peruanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MHNSM 19977, SVL 27.5 mm).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF0F663FA3287A32E69703B955BFA5C5" ID-Table-UUID="DF0F663FA3287A32E69703B955BFA5C5" box="[151,1436,151,173]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF0F663FA3287A32E69703B955BFA5C5" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" targetBox="[151,1436,270,1048]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF36B7A3287A32E69703B955BFA5C5" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,253]" box="[151,1436,151,173]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904EAA5A3287A32E69703B950DDA5C5" bold="true" box="[151,254,151,172]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Measurements (in mm) and proportions of recently collected adult
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C704D34A3287A32E58E03B65475A5C4" box="[910,1110,152,173]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="peruanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904EAA5A3287A32E58E03B65475A5C4" box="[910,1110,152,173]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Phrynopus peruanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(females: MHNSM 19977, MTD
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF36B7A3287A32E697039B5238A594" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,253]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
46801, males: MHNSM 19978, MTD 46802) ranges followed by means and one standard deviation in parentheses.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C704D34A3287A32E79E03C85238A594" box="[414,539,230,253]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="peruanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904EAA5A3287A32E79E03C85238A594" box="[414,539,230,253]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">P. peruanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF36B7A3287A32E69F02205435A171" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<table id="F970C417A32885C9E697022055BFA171" box="[151,1436,270,1048]" gridcols="3" gridrows="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<tr id="354034F5A32885C9E697022055BFA44C" box="[151,1436,270,293]" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76915D89A32885C9E69702205132A44C" box="[151,273,270,293]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Characters</th>
|
||
<th id="76915D89A32885C9E79E022052AEA44C" box="[414,653,270,293]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
Females (
|
||
<emphasis id="B904EAA5A3287A32E40602205219A44C" box="[518,570,270,293]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">n =2</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76915D89A32885C9E5AB022055BFA44C" box="[939,1436,270,293]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
Males (
|
||
<emphasis id="B904EAA5A3287A32E5FC02205416A44C" box="[1020,1077,270,293]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">n = 2</emphasis>
|
||
)
|
||
</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354034F5A32885C9E697021855BFA424" box="[151,1436,310,333]" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76915D89A32885C9E69702185132A424" box="[151,273,310,333]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">SVL</th>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E79E021852AEA424" box="[414,653,310,333]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">27.5–28.2 (27.9 ± 0.3)</td>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E5AB021855BFA424" box="[939,1436,310,333]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">22.1–22.5 (22.3 ± 0.2)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354034F5A32885C9E697027355BFA41D" box="[151,1436,349,372]" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76915D89A32885C9E69702735132A41D" box="[151,273,349,372]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">TL</th>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E79E027352AEA41D" box="[414,653,349,372]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">9.7–10.7 (10.2 ± 0.5)</td>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E5AB027355BFA41D" box="[939,1436,349,372]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">7.8–8.0 (7.9 ± 0.1)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354034F5A32885C9E69702AB55BFA4F5" box="[151,1436,389,412]" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76915D89A32885C9E69702AB5132A4F5" box="[151,273,389,412]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">FL</th>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E79E02AB52AEA4F5" box="[414,653,389,412]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">9.3–9.4 (8.9 ± 0.4)</td>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E5AB02AB55BFA4F5" box="[939,1436,389,412]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">7.4–7.9 (7.7 ± 0.3)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354034F5A32885C9E697028355BFA4AD" box="[151,1436,429,452]" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76915D89A32885C9E69702835132A4AD" box="[151,273,429,452]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">HL</th>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E79E028352AEA4AD" box="[414,653,429,452]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">8.8–9.7 (9.3 ± 0.5)</td>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E5AB028355BFA4AD" box="[939,1436,429,452]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">7.7–7.9 (7.8 ± 0.1)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354034F5A32885C9E69702FA55BFA482" box="[151,1436,468,491]" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76915D89A32885C9E69702FA5132A482" box="[151,273,468,491]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">HW</th>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E79E02FA52AEA482" box="[414,653,468,491]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">9.8–10.8 (10.3 ± 0.5)</td>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E5AB02FA55BFA482" box="[939,1436,468,491]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">8.4–8.5 (8.5 ± 0.0)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354034F5A32885C9E69702D255BFA77A" box="[151,1436,508,531]" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76915D89A32885C9E69702D25132A77A" box="[151,273,508,531]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">ED</th>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E79E02D252AEA77A" box="[414,653,508,531]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">2.5–2.6 (2.6 ± 0.1)</td>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E5AB02D255BFA77A" box="[939,1436,508,531]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">1.9–2.1 (2.0 ± 0.1)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354034F5A32885C9E697010A55BFA752" box="[151,1436,548,571]" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76915D89A32885C9E697010A5132A752" box="[151,273,548,571]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">TY</th>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E79E010A52AEA752" box="[414,653,548,571]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">1.0–1.1 (1.1 ± 0.0)</td>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E5AB010A55BFA752" box="[939,1436,548,571]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">0.9–1.1 (1.0 ± 0.1)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354034F5A32885C9E697016255BFA70A" box="[151,1436,588,611]" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76915D89A32885C9E69701625132A70A" box="[151,273,588,611]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">IOD</th>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E79E016252AEA70A" box="[414,653,588,611]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">2.8–2.9 (2.9 ± 0.1)</td>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E5AB016255BFA70A" box="[939,1436,588,611]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">2.4–2.5 (2.5 ± 0.0)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354034F5A32885C9E697015A55BFA7E2" box="[151,1436,628,651]" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76915D89A32885C9E697015A5132A7E2" box="[151,273,628,651]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">EW</th>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E79E015A52AEA7E2" box="[414,653,628,651]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">1.9–2.0 (2.0 ± 0.0)</td>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E5AB015A55BFA7E2" box="[939,1436,628,651]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">1.5–1.7 (1.6 ± 0.1)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354034F5A32885C9E69701B555BFA7DB" box="[151,1436,667,690]" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76915D89A32885C9E69701B55132A7DB" box="[151,273,667,690]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">IND</th>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E79E01B552AEA7DB" box="[414,653,667,690]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">2.0–2.2 (2.1 ± 0.1)</td>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E5AB01B555BFA7DB" box="[939,1436,667,690]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">1.7–1.8 (1.8 ± 0.0)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354034F5A32885C9E69701ED55BFA7B3" box="[151,1436,707,730]" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76915D89A32885C9E69701ED5132A7B3" box="[151,273,707,730]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">E–N</th>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E79E01ED52AEA7B3" box="[414,653,707,730]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">1.0–2.0 (1.5 ± 0.5)</td>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E5AB01ED55BFA7B3" box="[939,1436,707,730]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">1.6–1.7 (1.7 ± 0.1)</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354034F5A32885C9E69701C555BFA66B" box="[151,1436,747,770]" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76915D89A32885C9E69701C55132A66B" box="[151,273,747,770]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">TL/SVL</th>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E79E01C552AEA66B" box="[414,653,747,770]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">0.35–0.38</td>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E5AB01C555BFA66B" box="[939,1436,747,770]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">0.35–0.36</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354034F5A32885C9E697003D55BFA643" box="[151,1436,787,810]" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76915D89A32885C9E697003D5132A643" box="[151,273,787,810]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">FL/SVL</th>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E79E003D52AEA643" box="[414,653,787,810]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">0.30–0.34</td>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E5AB003D55BFA643" box="[939,1436,787,810]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">0.33–0.36</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354034F5A32885C9E697001455BFA638" box="[151,1436,826,849]" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76915D89A32885C9E69700145132A638" box="[151,273,826,849]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">HL/SVL</th>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E79E001452AEA638" box="[414,653,826,849]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">0.32–0.34</td>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E5AB001455BFA638" box="[939,1436,826,849]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">0.35</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354034F5A32885C9E697004C55BFA610" box="[151,1436,866,889]" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76915D89A32885C9E697004C5132A610" box="[151,273,866,889]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">HW/SVL</th>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E79E004C52AEA610" box="[414,653,866,889]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">0.36–0.38</td>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E5AB004C55BFA610" box="[939,1436,866,889]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">0.37–0.38</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354034F5A32885C9E69700A455BFA6C8" box="[151,1436,906,929]" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76915D89A32885C9E69700A45132A6C8" box="[151,273,906,929]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">HW/HL</th>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E79E00A452AEA6C8" box="[414,653,906,929]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">1.11</td>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E5AB00A455BFA6C8" box="[939,1436,906,929]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">1.06–1.10</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354034F5A32885C9E697009F55BFA6A1" box="[151,1436,945,968]" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76915D89A32885C9E697009F5132A6A1" box="[151,273,945,968]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">E–N/ED</th>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E79E009F52AEA6A1" box="[414,653,945,968]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">0.40–0.77</td>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E5AB009F55BFA6A1" box="[939,1436,945,968]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">0.76–0.89</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354034F5A32885C9E69700F755BFA699" box="[151,1436,985,1008]" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76915D89A32885C9E69700F75132A699" box="[151,273,985,1008]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">EW/IOD</th>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E79E00F752AEA699" box="[414,653,985,1008]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">0.68–0.69</td>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E5AB00F755BFA699" box="[939,1436,985,1008]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">0.60–0.71</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="354034F5A32885C9E697072F55BFA171" box="[151,1436,1025,1048]" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<th id="76915D89A32885C9E697072F5132A171" box="[151,273,1025,1048]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">TY/ED</th>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E79E072F52AEA171" box="[414,653,1025,1048]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">0.38–0.44</td>
|
||
<td id="76915D89A32885C9E5AB072F55BFA171" box="[939,1436,1025,1048]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">0.43–0.58</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF0F663FA3287A32E69704FD52E1A283" box="[151,706,2003,2027]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF36B7A3287A32E69704FD52E1A283" blockId="4.[151,706,2003,2027]" box="[151,706,2003,2027]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904EAA5A3287A32E69704FD513AA282" bold="true" box="[151,281,2003,2027]" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Collecting site of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C704D34A3287A32E7DE04FD5298A283" box="[478,699,2003,2026]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="55" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="peruanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904EAA5A3287A32E7DE04FD5298A283" box="[478,699,2003,2026]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="55">Phrynopus peruanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C36A653CA3297A33E6C603B954F8A68F" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF36B7A3297A33E6C603B95576A7EC" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,998]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904EAA5A3297A33E6C603B95163A5D8" bold="true" box="[198,320,151,177]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C704D34A3297A33E74703B65219A5D8" box="[327,570,152,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="peruanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904EAA5A3297A33E74703B65219A5D8" box="[327,570,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Phrynopus peruanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is sexually dimorphic in dorsal skin texture and coloration: the dorsum in males is tuberculate with tubercles coalescing into prominent ridges dorsally and dorsolaterally, whereas tubercles and ridges are less prominent in females.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE14B46A3297A33E4EA03CB53ABA596" author="Lynch" box="[746,904,229,255]" pageId="5" pageNumber="57" refString="Lynch, J. D. (1975) A review of the Andean leptodactylid frog genus Phrynopus. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural History, The University Kansas, 35, 1 - 51." type="journal article" year="1975">Lynch (1975)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
correctly assumed the smooth skin in the two individuals observed by him to be an artifact of preservation.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE14B46A3297A33E57702225436A44F" author="Peters" box="[887,1045,268,294]" pageId="5" pageNumber="57" refString="Peters, W. (1874) Zwei Giftschlangen aus Afrika und uber neue oder weniger bekannte Gattungen und Arten von Batrachiern. Monatsberichte der Koniglich Preussischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Berlin, 1873, 411 - 418." type="journal article" year="1874">Peters (1874)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
characterized the skin texture as “etwas uneben” (a little uneven). The other Peruvian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C704D34A3297A33E529021A538BA424" box="[809,936,308,333]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904EAA5A3297A33E529021A538BA424" box="[809,936,308,333]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Phrynopus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with sexually dimorphic coloration is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C704D34A3297A33E386021A5127A41A" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pesantesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904EAA5A3297A33E386021A5127A41A" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">P. pesantesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Males of that species have yellow blotches on the throat, belly, groin, and ventral surfaces of the limbs, whereas females lack yellow coloration (Lehr et al., 2005; Lehr, 2006). Male
|
||
<emphasis id="B904EAA5A3297A33E27402AF54DDA4F3" box="[1140,1278,385,410]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">P. w e t t s t e i n i</emphasis>
|
||
have a black throat (Lehr, 2006). Another frog inhabiting Peruvian Feather Grass is
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C704D34A3297A33E5F302875102A480" authority="Lehr and Duellman, 2007" authorityName="Lehr and Duellman" authorityYear="2007" class="Amphibia" family="Eleutherodactylidae" genus="Eleutherodactylus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904EAA5A3297A33E5F3028754E4A4AB" box="[1011,1223,425,450]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Eleutherodactylus</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE14B46A3297A33E2D90286513AA480" author="Lehr" pageId="5" pageNumber="57" refString="Lehr, E. & Duellman, W. E. (2007) Two new species of Eleutherodactylus (Anura: Leptodactylidae) from the Cordillera Occidental in Peru. Copeia, 2007, 140 - 149." type="journal article" year="2007">Lehr and Duellman, 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Peruvian Feather Grass is the typical vegetation of higher elevations in the Andes of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3677627A3297A33E32802E15541A480" box="[1320,1378,463,489]" name="Peru" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
. The dense grass provides humidity and hiding places. Presumably,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C704D34A3297A33E59302D85402A766" box="[915,1057,502,527]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="peruanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904EAA5A3297A33E59302D85402A766" box="[915,1057,502,527]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">P. peruanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
deposits eggs inside the grass.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C704D34A3297A33E69701335139A75F" box="[151,282,541,566]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Stipa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="icchu">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904EAA5A3297A33E69701335139A75F" box="[151,282,541,566]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Stipa icchu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
traditionally is used by the indigenous people for roofing. Frequently it is burned so as to fertilize fields. Therefore, anurans depending on this plant may be locally threatened. Herpetologists doing fieldwork in the puna should pay special attention to the Peruvian Feather Grass as a potential habitat for anurans.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF36B7A3297A33E6C601BC5288A618" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,998]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C704D34A3297A33E6C601BC519DA7C2" box="[198,446,658,683]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="peruanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904EAA5A3297A33E6C601BC519DA7C2" box="[198,446,658,683]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Phrynopus peruanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is restricted to puna habitats of the Vitoc Valley at Maraynioc. Specimens were found only at the collecting site described herein. Because of its location next to the road leading to Maraynioc, it is likely that this site is the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54CB8815A3297A33E48701CE5299A793" box="[647,698,736,762]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality of the species. Although calls were easily heard from the road, specimens were difficult to localize and to catch inside the dense grass. Given the small area of occurrence (less than
|
||
<quantity id="4C889B52A3297A33E7A6001F5227A622" box="[422,516,817,843]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" unit="km" value="100.0">100 km</quantity>
|
||
2 by estimation), the proposed IUCN criterium following IUCN (2001) for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C704D34A3297A33E697007651A9A618" box="[151,394,856,881]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="peruanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904EAA5A3297A33E697007651A9A618" box="[151,394,856,881]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">Phrynopus peruanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is critically endangered.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BCF36B7A3297A33E6C6005054F8A68F" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,998]" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">
|
||
Specimens referred to as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C704D34A3297A33E7ED00515253A6F1" box="[493,624,895,920]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="montium">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904EAA5A3297A33E7ED00515253A6F1" box="[493,624,895,920]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">P. montium</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Maraynioc (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFE14B46A3297A33E57F0050541CA6F1" author="Duellman" box="[895,1087,894,920]" pageId="5" pageNumber="57" refString="Duellman, W. E. (2000) Leptodactylid frogs of the genus Phrynopus in northern Peru with descriptions of three new species. Herpetologica, 56, 173 - 285." type="journal article" year="2000">Duellman, 2000</bibRefCitation>
|
||
; Lehr et al., 2005) revealed to be a new species, which will be described elsewhere. In contrast to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C704D34A3297A33E5C900885476A6D6" box="[969,1109,934,959]" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Phrynopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="56" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="peruanus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B904EAA5A3297A33E5C900885476A6D6" box="[969,1109,934,959]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="56">P. peruanus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
this species is restricted to lower elevations in cloud forest habitats of the Vitoc Valley, next to the village of Maraynioc.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |