184 lines
23 KiB
XML
184 lines
23 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="B2790BABC04E0B441DF4D36E47A822AD">Cricetidae</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="A085921FC3C275454A83D4D118A8C448">Don E. Wilson</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="0A2DE482C7FB99563BCE984F601EC199">Russell A. Mittermeier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="09D2FBA8808E3A5E846C3AEFDF43C46F">Thomas E. Lacher, Jr</mods:namePart>
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<mods:dateIssued id="67AF9F68F640CAA8F1AD1DBC36FAF188">2017</mods:dateIssued>
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<mods:publisher id="681F214D12FCB5CC15D23AA0DA3550D4">Lynx Edicions</mods:publisher>
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<mods:placeTerm id="884A592DC7C24A7CAF2D36EC32AFD6CB">Barcelona</mods:placeTerm>
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<mods:title id="4857307F9A917C879A6DBC69B47F56E0">Handbook of the Mammals of the World – Volume 7 Rodents II</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03F06D13FFEA20230D401CF50229F982" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6711653" ID-GBIF-Taxon="196220903" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6711653" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F06D13FFEA20230D401CF50229F982" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F06D13FFEA20230D401CF50229F982" lastPageNumber="345" pageId="68" pageNumber="345">
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFEA20230D401CF508F1F714" box="[119,198,2217,2255]" pageId="68" pageNumber="345" type="multiple">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFEA20230D401CF508F1F714" blockId="68.[116,1294,2217,2293]" box="[119,198,2217,2255]" pageId="68" pageNumber="345">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FFEA20230D401CF508F1F714" box="[119,198,2217,2255]" pageId="68" pageNumber="345">
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<figureCitation id="1362C080FFEA20230D401CF508F1F714" box="[119,198,2217,2255]" captionStart="On" captionStartId="64.[116,146,3216,3241]" captionTargetBox="[13,2749,15,3648]" captionTargetPageId="63" captionText="On following pages: 149. Meadow Vole (Microtus pennsyivanicus); 150. Long-tailed Vole (Microtus longicaudus); 151. Creeping Vole (Microtus oregoni); 152. Major's Pine Vole (Microtus majori); 153. Common Pine Vole (Microtus subterraneus); 154. Caucasian Pine Vole (Microtus daghestanicus); 155. Alpine Pine Vole (Microtus multiplex); 156. Liechtenstein’s Pine Vole (Microtus liechtensteini); 157. Tatra Pine Vole (Microtus tatricus): 158. Mediterranean Pine Vole (Microtus duodecimcostatus); 159. Lusitanian Pine Vole (Microtus lusitanicus); 160. Pyrenean Pine Vole (Microtus gerbil); 161. Savi's Pine Vole (Microtus savii): 162. Calabria Pine Vole (Microtus brachycercus); 163. Sicilian Pine Vole (Microtus nebrodensis); 164. Thomas's Pine Vole (Microtus thomasi); 165. Balkan Pine Vole (Microtus felteni); 166. Schelkovnikov's Pine Vole (Microtus schelkovnikovi): 167. Harting's Vole (Microtus hartingi); 168. Levant Vole (Microtus guentheri); 169. Dogramaci’s Vole (Microtus dogramacii); 170. Cyrenaica Vole (Microtus mustersi); 171. Social Vole (Microtus socialis): 172. Anatolian Vole (Microtus anatolicus): 173. Iranian Vole (Microtus iran); 174. Kopet Dag Pine Vole (Microtus paradoxus); 175. Common Vole (Microtus arvalis); 176. Altai Vole (Microtus obscurus); 177. East European Vole (Microtus mystacinus); 178. Kerman Vole (Microtus kermanensis); 179. Transcaspian Vole (Microtus transcaspicus); 180. Tian Shan Vole (Microtus ilaeus)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6708419" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6708419/files/figure.png" pageId="68" pageNumber="345">158.</figureCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFEA20230DEF1CF50AD5F714" box="[216,738,2217,2255]" pageId="68" pageNumber="345" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFEA20230DEF1CF50AD5F714" blockId="68.[116,1294,2217,2293]" box="[216,738,2217,2255]" pageId="68" pageNumber="345">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FFEA20230DEF1CF50AD5F714" box="[216,738,2217,2255]" pageId="68" pageNumber="345">
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||
<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFFEA20230DEF1CF50AD5F714" ID-CoL="7VV8M" baseAuthorityName="Selys-Longchamps" baseAuthorityYear="1839" box="[216,738,2217,2255]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Microtus" kingdom="Animalia" language="eng" order="Rodentia" pageId="68" pageNumber="345" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="duodecimcostatus">Mediterranean Pine Vole</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFEA20230E201CF50D39F714" box="[791,1294,2217,2255]" pageId="68" pageNumber="345" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFEA20230E201CF50D39F714" blockId="68.[116,1294,2217,2293]" box="[791,1294,2217,2255]" pageId="68" pageNumber="345">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FFEA20230E201CF50D39F714" box="[791,1294,2217,2255]" pageId="68" pageNumber="345">
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFEA20230E201CF50D39F714" ID-CoL="7VV8M" baseAuthorityName="Selys-Longchamps" baseAuthorityYear="1839" box="[791,1294,2217,2255]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Microtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="68" pageNumber="345" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="duodecimcostatus">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFEA20230E201CF50D39F714" box="[791,1294,2217,2255]" italics="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="345">Microtus duodecimcostatus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFEA20230D431CBC0C53F72E" box="[116,1124,2272,2293]" pageId="68" pageNumber="345" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFEA20230D431CBC0C53F72E" blockId="68.[116,1294,2217,2293]" box="[116,1124,2272,2293]" pageId="68" pageNumber="345">
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<heading id="D0AE6B69FFEA20230D431CBC0C53F72E" box="[116,1124,2272,2293]" pageId="68" pageNumber="345">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFEA20230D431CBC0888F72E" bold="true" box="[116,191,2272,2293]" pageId="68" pageNumber="345">French:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFFEA20230DFF1CBC09A8F72E" ID-CoL="7VV8M" baseAuthorityName="Selys-Longchamps" baseAuthorityYear="1839" box="[200,415,2272,2293]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Microtus" kingdom="Animalia" language="fra" order="Rodentia" pageId="68" pageNumber="345" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="duodecimcostatus">Campagnol provencal</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFEA20230C831CBC0A39F72E" bold="true" box="[436,526,2272,2293]" pageId="68" pageNumber="345">German:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFFEA20230F2F1CBC0B14F72E" ID-CoL="7VV8M" baseAuthorityName="Selys-Longchamps" baseAuthorityYear="1839" box="[536,803,2272,2293]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Microtus" kingdom="Animalia" language="deu" order="Rodentia" pageId="68" pageNumber="345" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="duodecimcostatus">MittelmeerKleinwiihimaus</vernacularName>
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/
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFEA20230E0F1CBC0BA4F72E" bold="true" box="[824,915,2272,2293]" pageId="68" pageNumber="345">Spanish:</emphasis>
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<vernacularName id="055AAC2BFFEA20230EAF1CBC0C53F72E" ID-CoL="7VV8M" baseAuthorityName="Selys-Longchamps" baseAuthorityYear="1839" box="[920,1124,2272,2293]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Microtus" kingdom="Animalia" language="esp" order="Rodentia" pageId="68" pageNumber="345" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="duodecimcostatus">Topillo mediterraneo</vernacularName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFEA20230FE01D740C2AF648" pageId="68" pageNumber="345" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFEA20230FE01D740C2AF648" blockId="68.[727,1321,2344,2766]" pageId="68" pageNumber="345">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFEA20230FE01D740B45F69E" bold="true" box="[727,882,2344,2373]" pageId="68" pageNumber="345">Taxonomy.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFEA20230EBA1D740C18F6B7" ID-CoL="7R6BX" authority="de Selys-Longchamps, 1839" authorityName="de Selys-Longchamps" authorityYear="1839" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Arvicola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="68" pageNumber="345" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="duodecimcostatus">Arvicola duodecimcostatus de Sélys-Longchamps, 1839</taxonomicName>
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,
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<materialsCitation id="3B31D658FFEA202309081D0F0C2AF648" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3818814937" pageId="68" pageNumber="345">
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Montpellier, Hérault, Southern
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<collectingCountry id="F34E9C95FFEA20230E801D260C2EF648" box="[951,1049,2426,2451]" name="France" pageId="68" pageNumber="345">France</collectingCountry>
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.
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</materialsCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFEA20230FEF1DC50A23F43B" pageId="68" pageNumber="345" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFEA20230FEF1DC50A23F43B" blockId="68.[727,1321,2344,2766]" lastBlockId="68.[113,1321,2772,3474]" pageId="68" pageNumber="345">
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFEA20230FEF1DC50C1EF661" baseAuthorityName="Selys-Longchamps" baseAuthorityYear="1839" box="[728,1065,2457,2490]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Microtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="68" pageNumber="345" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="duodecimcostatus">Microtus duodecimcostatus</taxonomicName>
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is in subgenus Terricola and
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFEA20230E541D9D0C0AF639" baseAuthorityName="Selys-Longchamps" baseAuthorityYear="1839" box="[867,1085,2497,2530]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Microtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="68" pageNumber="345" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="duodecimcostatus">duodecimcostatus</taxonomicName>
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species group. It is sister species to
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFEA20230EE01DB40CA5F5D2" baseAuthorityName="Gerbe" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[983,1170,2536,2569]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Microtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="68" pageNumber="345" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lusitanicus">M. lusitanicus</taxonomicName>
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. Although these two species differ morphologically and occupy distinct ecological niches, they still do not achieve fully reproductive isolation. Molecular studies retrieved historical introgression of mtDNA from M. duodecimcostatus into
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFEA20230C7E1E880A31F52E" baseAuthorityName="Gerbe" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[329,518,2772,2805]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Microtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="68" pageNumber="345" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lusitanicus">M. lusitanicus</taxonomicName>
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and also identified recent hybrids. Distributions of the two species segregate with some overlap in central and northern Spain and Portugal. It was classified in the genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFEA20230CD21F7E0A71F498" box="[485,582,2850,2883]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Pitymys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="68" pageNumber="345" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Pitymys</taxonomicName>
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. Up to seven subspecies have been recognized based on differencesin size, color, and degree of proodonty. It is now agreed that these traits vary clinally. Intraspecific genetic diversity seems to be low because
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFEA202309281F2A0D1FF448" baseAuthorityName="Selys-Longchamps" baseAuthorityYear="1839" box="[1055,1320,2934,2963]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Microtus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="68" pageNumber="346" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="duodecimcostatus">M. duodecimcostatus</taxonomicName>
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is composed of a single unstructured group of populations sharing a P53 protein with a single mutation. Monotypic.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFEA20230D451FBB0B0CF3D3" box="[114,827,3047,3080]" pageId="68" pageNumber="345" type="distribution">
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||
<caption id="DF268C8DFFEA20230D451FBB0B0CF3D3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6760655" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6760655" box="[114,827,3047,3080]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/6760655/files/figure.png" inLine="true" pageId="68" pageNumber="345" startId="68.[114,286,3047,3080]" targetBox="[112,703,2349,2763]" targetPageId="68">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFEA20230D451FBB0B0CF3D3" blockId="68.[113,1321,2772,3474]" box="[114,827,3047,3080]" pageId="68" pageNumber="345">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFEA20230D451FBB0915F3D3" bold="true" box="[114,290,3047,3080]" pageId="68" pageNumber="345">Distribution.</emphasis>
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S & SE France and Iberian Peninsula.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFEA20230D4518530933F298" pageId="68" pageNumber="345" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFEA20230D4518530933F298" blockId="68.[113,1321,2772,3474]" pageId="68" pageNumber="345">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFEA20230D4518530959F3EB" bold="true" box="[114,366,3087,3120]" pageId="68" pageNumber="345">Descriptive notes.</emphasis>
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Head-body 80-111 mm, tail 19-35 mm; weight 19-32 g. Head of the Mediterranean Pine Vole is massive with blunt nose, small eyes, and short ears. Neck is powerful, body is chunky, and tail is short. Females have two pairs of inguinal nipples (four nipples in total). Furis long and soft, brown on dorsal side, shaded buff or gray, depending on location; belly is light gray. Skull is massive and deep, with expanded zygomatic arches. Alveolar process of mandible is prominent. Upper incisors are decidedly proodont. M, is long, but M?is short, with only three salient angles on innerside.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFEA20230D4519120FC8FEB0" pageId="68" pageNumber="345" type="biology_ecology">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFEA20230D4519120FC8FEB0" blockId="68.[113,1321,2772,3474]" lastBlockId="68.[1390,2600,291,1629]" pageId="68" pageNumber="345">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFEA20230D45191208D6F2B0" bold="true" box="[114,225,3406,3435]" pageId="68" pageNumber="345">Habitat.</emphasis>
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Open grassy areas and arable land influenced by Mediterranean climate from sea levelto elevations of ¢.3000 m. The Mediterranean Pine Vole requires soils of intermediate thickness, on moderately inclined slopes but not rocky, with dense plant cover and shaded by tree canopy but without shrubs.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFEA20230847152E01A3FD83" pageId="68" pageNumber="345" type="food_feeding">
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<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFEA20230847152E01A3FD83" blockId="68.[1390,2600,291,1629]" pageId="68" pageNumber="345">
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<emphasis id="B92D0017FFEA20230847152E0E41FE48" bold="true" box="[1392,1654,370,403]" pageId="68" pageNumber="345">Food and Feeding.</emphasis>
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The Mediterranean Pine Vole feeds mainly on underground plant parts (bulbs, tubers, and roots), particularly of buttercup oxalis (
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFEA2023043215C5016DFE61" box="[2309,2394,409,442]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oxalidaceae" genus="Oxalis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Oxalidales" pageId="68" pageNumber="345" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Oxalis</taxonomicName>
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pes-caprae,
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFEA202304C415C50DC3FE39" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Oxalidaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Oxalidales" pageId="68" pageNumber="345" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Oxalidaceae</taxonomicName>
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) and autumn crocus (
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFEA20230A0515990F83FE39" box="[1842,1972,453,482]" class="Liliopsida" family="Colchicaceae" genus="Colchicum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="68" pageNumber="345" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Colchicum</taxonomicName>
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montanum,
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<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFEA2023056015990120FE39" box="[2135,2327,453,482]" class="Liliopsida" family="Colchicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Liliales" pageId="68" pageNumber="345" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Colchicaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Green plant parts and fruits are consumed to a much lesser extent. Barking of saplings have been reported. The Mediterranean Pine Vole locally attain high densities (up to 900 ind/ha) and can cause damage to agriculture, particularly in citrus fruit plantations.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFEA2023084716020E24FC61" pageId="68" pageNumber="345" type="breeding">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFEA2023084716020E24FC61" blockId="68.[1390,2600,291,1629]" pageId="68" pageNumber="345">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FFEA2023084716020DC0FDA4" bold="true" box="[1392,1527,606,639]" pageId="68" pageNumber="345">Breeding.</emphasis>
|
||
Breeding occurs throughout the year in northern Spain and France. Reproductive activity peaks in November-May and is the highest in February-March. In southern Spain, breeding is restricted to winter to avoid constraints of summer droughts. Gestation is 24 days. Females carry 1-5 embryos; mean numbers are lower in southern Iberian Peninsula (2) than in the north (2-5-3). Young are born naked and blind. Their initial weights of 2-2-8 g increase to 4-9-6-5 g by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C59A786FFEA2023042D177F017DFC9F" box="[2330,2378,803,836]" class="Mammalia" family="Cricetidae" genus="Ondatra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Rodentia" pageId="68" pageNumber="345" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="day">day</taxonomicName>
|
||
7, and they are sexually mature at 60-70 days old. Longevity of Mediterranean Pine Voles is up to 33 months for males and up to 27 months for females. In the wild, they normally survive two winters.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFEA20230859179D00B9FAC6" pageId="68" pageNumber="345" type="activity">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFEA20230859179D00B9FAC6" blockId="68.[1390,2600,291,1629]" pageId="68" pageNumber="345">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FFEA20230859179D0E6AFC39" bold="true" box="[1390,1629,961,994]" pageId="68" pageNumber="345">Activity patterns.</emphasis>
|
||
The Mediterranean Pine Vole is fossorial and spends the majority of time in a burrow system. Digging is done with incisors and forefeet, and excavated soil is pushed by head to the ground’s surface and deposited in easily recognizable heaps. Soil is excavated at 10-8 g/minute by females and 7-5 g/minute by males. Daily amount of excavated soil under experimental conditions is 2092 g (2-4 dm’) per individual. Tunnels are normally 10-50 cm deep but can descend 1 m to reach humid soil in summer. As a rule, entrances to underground tunnels are sealed by mounds of excavated soil. Although the Mediterranean Pine Vole is predominantly subterranean, it is also capable of climbing and is a proficient swimmer.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFEA2023085811740172FA48" pageId="68" pageNumber="345" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFEA2023085811740172FA48" blockId="68.[1390,2600,291,1629]" pageId="68" pageNumber="345">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FFEA2023085811740019FA9E" bold="true" box="[1391,2094,1320,1349]" pageId="68" pageNumber="345">Movements, Home range and Social organization.</emphasis>
|
||
The Mediterranean Pine Vole lives in small colonies that average 3-1 individuals. Home range of a family group averages 50 m*. Matting system is monogamous, and rate of inbreeding is high.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFEA2023085811C6004EF9D2" pageId="68" pageNumber="345" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFEA2023085811C6004EF9D2" blockId="68.[1390,2600,291,1629]" pageId="68" pageNumber="345">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FFEA2023085811C60EE4FA60" bold="true" box="[1391,1747,1434,1467]" pageId="68" pageNumber="345">Status and Conservation.</emphasis>
|
||
Classified as Least Concern on The IUCN Red List. Overall distribution is ¢.532,000 km?. At high densities Mediterranean Pine Voles may be agricultural pests and be controlled by chemical poisoning.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C3438F8EFFEA2023084712440229F982" pageId="68" pageNumber="345" type="bibRefCitation_list">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BE6DC05FFEA2023084712440229F982" blockId="68.[1390,2600,291,1629]" pageId="68" pageNumber="345">
|
||
<emphasis id="B92D0017FFEA2023084712440E3FF9EA" bold="true" box="[1392,1544,1560,1585]" pageId="68" pageNumber="345">Bibliography.</emphasis>
|
||
Bastos-Silveira et al. (2012), Cotilla & Palomo (2002), Giannoni, Borghi & Laconi (1999), Giannoni, Borghi & Martinez (1991), Niethammer (1982f), Quina et al. (2015), Santos, Mathias & Mira (2010, 2011).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |