292 lines
34 KiB
XML
292 lines
34 KiB
XML
<document id="2B660AF1BFA415086B3FAAACB3832962" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.274672" ID-GBIF-Dataset="beb6969a-faa1-4b55-af28-541e94ecd956" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="274672" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459997209649" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Yoder, Matthew J., Valerio, Alejandro A., Masner, Lubomír & Johnson, Norman F." docDate="2009" docId="03E3406AFFC64B01FF6FF99EFB54FB66" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02003p045.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2003" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Axea Masner & Johnson" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="12" masterDocId="FFDA3812FFCE4B0AFFF8FF93FF8CFF89" masterDocTitle="Identity and synonymy of Dicroscelio Kieffer and description of Axea, a new genus from tropical Africa and Asia (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea: Platygastridae)" masterLastPageNumber="45" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="9" updateTime="1698232956160" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:mods id="408D2E4B7EC5EF5FB8E58390A8459262" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="A3A100E1CA92A7F42ABAD25E6F021E2F">
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<mods:title id="70369A0DE282A2A5F85FCE8EF087659F">Identity and synonymy of Dicroscelio Kieffer and description of Axea, a new genus from tropical Africa and Asia (Hymenoptera: Platygastroidea: Platygastridae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="715BE164199D99B3D561232232B30B41" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="DF25FF5F82BAEEB1174E393B2DACBF5A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="535A828539FA51A671D8A258802E83F8">Yoder, Matthew J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="DFA2FE6C893DC3C1E64EB818098E42BD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="5A9EF43E270197190BF132FEE940E8E1">Valerio, Alejandro A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="C658DB7CDE48148FAF07F36DECCC108A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="187AE073379BA50B4554CC62DA172342">Masner, Lubomír</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B72FCA7971A0098572B3077AB7C7A9FE">Johnson, Norman F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="695B3E77951BC0BBF267EAE50D2090B1">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="4F1A680D41A1A438E0C7DDC351A749AE">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="D4615B5D2F86DC1B5B5F4D706E769EEC">
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<mods:date id="2E2428DAFEC4FC0E146C4A8037B165BE">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="37ECB7C3D4C5168DDBEEACBDAFD83884" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="7216D2A926D615187B465DB121DB9B6A">2003</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="6BCDC9D49C08240178E080249ADE0485">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="24E8352994370748ABEC8E635D87F72F" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.274672</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="35504ABD40A9075EC20C58C36F5436B2" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03E3406AFFC64B01FF6FF99EFB54FB66" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6222730" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119380430" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6222730" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3406AFFC64B01FF6FF99EFB54FB66" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E3406AFFC64B01FF6FF99EFB54FB66" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<subSubSection id="C350A2F7FFC64B02FF6FF99EFE7AF902" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BF5F17CFFC64B02FF6FF99EFDA8F9AE" blockId="8.[151,992,1549,1691]" box="[151,548,1549,1575]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<heading id="D0BD4610FFC64B02FF6FF99EFDA8F9AE" bold="true" box="[151,548,1549,1575]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC64B02FF6FF99EFDA8F9AE" bold="true" box="[151,548,1549,1575]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A8AFFFFC64B02FF6FF99EFE41F9AE" authority="Masner & Johnson" authorityName="Masner & Johnson" box="[151,461,1549,1575]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Axea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC64B02FF6FF99EFF59F9AE" bold="true" box="[151,213,1549,1575]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Axea</emphasis>
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Masner & Johnson
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</taxonomicName>
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, n.gen.
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF5F17CFFC64B02FF6FF9A3FE7AF902" blockId="8.[151,992,1549,1691]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:67A4E007-110E-47A7-8A4E-75360B4D5861 urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:197361 Figures 17–124; Morphbank21</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C350A2F7FFC64B01FF6FF95DFD02FD0B" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BF5F17CFFC64B02FF6FF95DFB94F96C" blockId="8.[151,1048,1742,1765]" box="[151,1048,1742,1765]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A8AFFFFC64B02FF6FF95DFE9EF96C" box="[151,274,1742,1765]" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Dicroscelio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC64B02FF6FF95DFE9EF96C" box="[151,274,1742,1765]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Dicroscelio</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(misidentification): Masner, 1976: 7, keyed; Johnson, 1992: catalogued.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF5F17CFFC64B02FF6FF887FC9BF827" blockId="8.[151,1437,1812,1877]" lastBlockId="8.[213,1051,1943,2035]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC64B02FF6FF887FEEFF8A7" bold="true" box="[151,355,1812,1838]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">General habitus</emphasis>
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. Length:
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<quantity id="4CB25C99FFC64B02FE2EF887FDE6F8A7" box="[470,618,1812,1838]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" metricValueMax="3.4" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="2.45" valueMax="3.4" valueMin="1.5">1.5–3.4 mm</quantity>
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. Color pattern variable, xanthic to rufous throughout; bicolored with black head, rufous body; or entirely dark brown. Body generally stocky, squat, head closely attached to http://purl.oclc.org/NET/hymenoptera/Platygastroidea
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF5F17CFFC64B02FF2DF829FDF1F87A" blockId="8.[213,1051,1943,2035]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">http://atbi.biosci.ohio-state.edu/HymOnline/map-large.html?id=471&view=all http://www.morphbank.net/?id=226922</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF5F17CFFC74B03FF6FFF0BFC2FFF51" blockId="9.[151,1438,152,2034]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">prothorax; dorsum of head, mesosoma rather flat; head with cheek large, bulging. Body entirely sculptured, head and mesosoma with regular, fine granular-punctate sculpture.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF5F17CFFC74B03FF3EFF76FC61FCCA" blockId="9.[151,1438,152,2034]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC74B03FF3EFF76FE85FF76" bold="true" box="[198,265,229,255]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Head</emphasis>
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transverse to subquadrate in dorsal view; hyperoccipital carina absent; occipital carina complete, crenulate, closely approximated to foramen magnum dorsally; lateral ocellus contiguous with inner orbit, OOL very short; eye glabrous or sparsely setose; frons nearly flat, antennal scrobe not developed; inner orbits distinctly diverging ventrally; central keel on frons absent; submedian carina absent; orbital carina absent; frontal depression shallow, unmargined; clypeus very small narrow, subquadrate, height greater than or equal to width, apical margin truncate or weakly emarginate, corners not produced laterally; malar sulcus indicated as fine, sharp carina, strongly arched, running from lower margin of eye to mandibular articulation; gena with carina parallel to malar sulcus; cheek with only short dorsoventral costae arising from anterior mandibular articulation; interantennal prominence moderately produced, torulus opening on anterofrontal surface of prominence; in lateral view malar region broad, strongly expanded below, behind eye; mandible broad, distinctly short, outer surface strongly convex, apex deeply tridentate, teeth subequal in length, acute, apical teeth arranged transversely; palpal formula 3-2; radicle inserted parallel to long axis of scape; antenna 12- merous in both sexes; length of female A3 subequal to length of A2; female antennal clava subcylindrical, 6- merous, A7 largest claval segment, distinctly larger than A6, length greater than length of each antennomere A7–A11; A6, A5 broadened, clava non-abrupt; claval formula A7–A12/2-2-2-2-2-1; male antenna with A5–A11 as long as wide, A5 with tyloid, otherwise not visibly modified.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF5F17CFFC74B03FF3EFCDCFE0FF8B9" blockId="9.[151,1438,152,2034]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC74B03FF3EFCDCFEC6FCE0" bold="true" box="[198,330,847,873]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Mesosoma</emphasis>
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depressed dorsally, height subequal to width, longer than high, longer than wide in dorsal view; transverse pronotal carina absent; pronotal shoulders strongly developed, rounded anteriorly; mesoscutum weakly convex; skaphion absent; admedian lines absent; notaulus present, usually deeply incised, crenulate, usually abbreviate anteriorly; parapsidal line indicated as smooth line; humeral, suprahumeral sulci distinctly crenulate; transscutal articulation deep, crenulate; mesoscutellum semiellipsoidal, weakly convex, unarmed, posterior rim crenulate; metascutellum produced into thick, irregular transverse plate, sometimes with weak notch or protruding medially; propodeum unarmed, in dorsal view reduced and deeply excavate medially, almost vertical between submedian carinae, concealed beneath metascutellum, median propodeal keels strongly diverging diagonally, inner propodeal projection short, truncate, fitting into shallow depression on T1, outer propodeal corners not projecting; lateral surface of pronotum broadly concave, with row of large foveolae along lower anterior margin; epomial carina not developed; netrion present, broad, closed ventrally, often concealed by sculpture; mesopleuron covered by dense, fine appressed pilosity; mesopleural depression deep; mesopleural carina not developed; mesopleural pit not clearly differentiated from coarse background sculpture; ventral portion of mesepisternum not protruding anteriorly between fore coxae; posterodorsal corner of mesopleuron rounded, epimeral hook absent; metapleuron entirely sculptured, with dense appressed fine pilosity; legs slender, setose, without strong spines; posterior surface of hind coxa smooth, setose; trochantellus present on all legs; tibial spur formula 1-1-1; macropterous, fore wings variable in length, extending to or beyond T5, appearing relatively short, broad, marginal cilia minute; fore wing (Fig. 17) with R distant from costal margin, especially from basal vein to origin of r-rs, strongly arched apically toward costal margin, without strong dark bristles, r-rs arising at or basad apex of R1; basal vein absent; pseudostigma absent; R terminating at costal margin or sometimes short and not attaining margin (i.e., marginalis punctate, postmarginalis absent); r-rs (stigmal vein) arising at or before R reaches costal margin of wing; R1 (postmarginal vein) usually absent, sometimes weakly indicated as marginal extension of bulbous apex of R; hind wing either with R short, truncate, terminating far from hamuli (Afrotropical species) or complete, extending to hamuli (Oriental species); hind wing with 3 hamuli.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF5F17CFFC74B00FF3EF8AEFCE8FF76" blockId="9.[151,1438,152,2034]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,152,255]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC74B03FF3EF8AEFEC4F8DE" bold="true" box="[198,328,1853,1879]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Metasoma</emphasis>
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appearing broadly sessile, moderately short, broad, depressed, with 6 terga, 6 sterna visible externally, homonomously segmented, T2–T3 subequal in length, T2 slightly the longest; T1 with anterior carinate margin, sublaterally with shallow depressions, without horn in female, usually longitudinally costate; laterotergites well developed, narrow; T2 usually longitudinally ruguose; T3–T5 usually punctate; T6 subtriangular, often longer than T5, often apically produced into sharp, flat medial bladelike projection, with pair of subapical spines, appearing subtridentate; S1 laterally compressed, not projecting anteriorly between insertions of hind coxae; S6 with bladelike margin, i.e., flattened, apically rounded or acute;
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A8AFFFFC44B00FAEBFF2CFAD2FF51" box="[1299,1374,191,216]" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Scelio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC44B00FAEBFF2CFAD2FF51" box="[1299,1374,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Scelio</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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-
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<typeStatus id="54F14FDEFFC44B00FA9EFF2DFA11FF51" box="[1382,1437,190,216]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">type</typeStatus>
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ovipositor, gonoplacs relatively strongly sclerotized, straight.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BF5F17CFFC44B00FF6FF949FC6DF8F5" blockId="10.[151,1436,1752,1916]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC44B00FF6FF949FED1F97B" bold="true" box="[151,349,1754,1778]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">FIGURES 17–22.</emphasis>
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22 Characters of
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A8AFFFFC44B00FDFEF948FDB7F97B" box="[518,571,1755,1778]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Axea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC44B00FDFEF948FDB7F97B" box="[518,571,1755,1778]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Axea</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. 17,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A8AFFFFC44B00FD88F948FC87F97B" box="[624,779,1755,1778]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Axea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kalanoro">
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<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC44B00FD88F948FC87F97B" box="[624,779,1755,1778]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Axea kalanoro</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, fore wing,
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<typeStatus id="54F14FDEFFC44B00FC73F948FC6BF97B" box="[907,999,1755,1778]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
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female (CASENT 2042985); 18,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A8AFFFFC44B00FAB6F948FA19F97B" box="[1358,1429,1755,1778]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Axea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atai">
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<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC44B00FAB6F948FA19F97B" box="[1358,1429,1755,1778]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">A. atai</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, anterolateral mesosoma, dorsal view,
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<typeStatus id="54F14FDEFFC44B00FDDEF96EFD0EF89D" box="[550,642,1789,1812]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
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female (OSUC 211601); 19,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A8AFFFFC44B00FC42F96EFBA1F89D" box="[954,1069,1789,1812]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Axea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atriceps">
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<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC44B00FC42F96EFBA1F89D" box="[954,1069,1789,1812]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">A. atriceps</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, posterior mesosoma, dorsal view, female (OSUC 167058); 20,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A8AFFFFC44B00FE28F8B3FDA4F8BE" box="[464,552,1824,1847]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Axea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yama">
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<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC44B00FE28F8B3FDA4F8BE" box="[464,552,1824,1847]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">A. yama</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, posterior mesosoma, dorsal view,
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<typeStatus id="54F14FDEFFC44B00FC5EF8B3FB88F8BE" box="[934,1028,1824,1847]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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female (OSUC 56308); 21,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A8AFFFFC44B00FACFF8B3FA19F8BE" box="[1335,1429,1824,1847]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Axea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yasigi">
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<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC44B00FACFF8B3FA19F8BE" box="[1335,1429,1824,1847]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">A. yasigi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, anterior metasoma, dorsal view,
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<typeStatus id="54F14FDEFFC44B00FE17F8D0FDC0F8D3" box="[495,588,1859,1882]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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female, (OSUC 211772); 22,
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<taxonomicName id="4C4A8AFFFFC44B00FC72F8D0FC56F8D3" box="[906,986,1859,1882]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Axea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kilen">
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<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC44B00FC72F8D0FC56F8D3" box="[906,986,1859,1882]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">A. kilen</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, anterior metasoma, dorsal view,
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<typeStatus id="54F14FDEFFC44B00FAC7F8D0FA10F8D3" box="[1343,1436,1859,1882]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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female, (OSUC 167051).
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC44B00FE51F8F6FE32F8F5" box="[425,446,1893,1916]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">nt</emphasis>
|
||
, notaulus;
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC44B00FDCCF8F6FDC3F8F5" box="[564,591,1893,1916]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">pn</emphasis>
|
||
, pronotum. Scale bars in millimeters.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5F17CFFC44B01FF2DF84FFD02FD0B" blockId="10.[213,637,2012,2035]" lastBlockId="11.[151,1437,151,1263]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
http://www.morphbank.net/?id=226901
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC54B01FF3EFF04FECAFF38" bold="true" box="[198,326,151,177]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
The African and most
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35DB1ECFFC54B01FD91FF0BFD57FF3B" box="[617,731,152,178]" name="Madagascar" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Malagasy</collectingCountry>
|
||
species may be distinguished from other genera with the reduced R in the hind wing (
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC54B01FE00FF2CFBE2FF51" box="[504,1134,191,216]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A8AFFFFC54B01FE00FF2CFD00FF51" box="[504,652,191,216]" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Heptascelio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Heptascelio</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A8AFFFFC54B01FD61FF2CFD71FF51" box="[665,765,191,216]" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Nixonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Nixonia</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A8AFFFFC54B01FCF2FF2CFC07FF51" box="[778,907,191,216]" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Oreiscelio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Oreiscelio</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A8AFFFFC54B01FC60FF2CFC69FF51" box="[920,997,191,216]" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Scelio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Scelio</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A8AFFFFC54B01FC0BFF2CFBE2FF51" box="[1011,1134,191,216]" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Sparasion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Sparasion</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
) by the 1-1-1 tibial spur formula, the short, broad metascutellum, the lower frons with at most very short and fine striae arising from the mandible, and the unarmed mesoscutellum. The Asian and one
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35DB1ECFFC54B01FC57FE9FFBADFEAF" box="[943,1057,268,294]" name="Madagascar" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Malagasy</collectingCountry>
|
||
species, in which the hind wing R extends to the costal margin and hamuli, may be distinguished by the short tridentate mandibles, the armature of T6, and the punctiform marginal vein. The genus
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A8AFFFFC54B01FC8CFECAFBC8FEFA" authority="Kieffer" authorityName="Kieffer" box="[884,1092,345,371]" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Oxyscelio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC54B01FC8CFECAFC64FEFB" box="[884,1000,345,370]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Oxyscelio</emphasis>
|
||
Kieffer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also has the fore wing radial vein (submarginal) remote from the costal margin of the wing, the “punctiform” marginal vein, and the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A8AFFFFC54B01FAB3FE13FA1EFE10" box="[1355,1426,384,409]" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Scelio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC54B01FAB3FE13FA1EFE10" box="[1355,1426,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Scelio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
-
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F14FDEFFC54B01FF6FFE35FF46FE49" box="[151,202,422,448]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">type</typeStatus>
|
||
ovipositor.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A8AFFFFC54B01FEA0FE34FE1FFE49" box="[344,403,423,448]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Axea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC54B01FEA0FE34FE1FFE49" box="[344,403,423,448]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Axea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
may be distinguished by the granular to punctate microsculpture, in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A8AFFFFC54B01FB32FE34FAB3FE49" box="[1226,1343,423,448]" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Oxyscelio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC54B01FB32FE34FAB3FE49" box="[1226,1343,423,448]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Oxyscelio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
usually coarsely rugulose to areolate; 3-2 palpal formula,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A8AFFFFC54B01FD12FE5EFCD3FE6F" box="[746,863,461,486]" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Oxyscelio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC54B01FD12FE5EFCD3FE6F" box="[746,863,461,486]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Oxyscelio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
4-2; the lack of epomial carina; lack of a carina surrounding the antennal scrobe.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A8AFFFFC54B01FDCFFE67FD3BFD84" box="[567,695,500,525]" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Oreiscelio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC54B01FDCFFE67FD3BFD84" box="[567,695,500,525]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Oreiscelio</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is similar to Afrotropical
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A8AFFFFC54B01FBF9FE67FBB2FD84" box="[1025,1086,500,525]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Axea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC54B01FBF9FE67FBB2FD84" box="[1025,1086,500,525]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Axea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in having similar fore wing venation, a reduced R in the hind wing and 12-merous male antenna.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A8AFFFFC54B01FC38FD89FC77FDBA" box="[960,1019,538,563]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Axea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC54B01FC38FD89FC77FDBA" box="[960,1019,538,563]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Axea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinguished by the reduction of the medial portion of the pronotum such that there is no dorsal component, tridentate mandibles, expanded cheeks, and posteriorly rounded scutellum.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C350A2F7FFC54B01FF3EFD1DFD45FD21" box="[198,713,654,680]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5F17CFFC54B01FF3EFD1DFD45FD21" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1263]" box="[198,713,654,680]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC54B01FF3EFD1DFE8DFD21" bold="true" box="[198,257,654,680]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54F14FDEFFC54B01FF3EFD1DFE8DFD21" box="[198,257,654,680]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A8AFFFFC54B01FEEAFD1CFD0AFD21" authority="Valerio & Yoder" authorityName="Valerio & Yoder" box="[274,646,654,680]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Axea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dorothae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC54B01FEEAFD1CFE31FD21" box="[274,445,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Axea dorothae</emphasis>
|
||
Valerio & Yoder
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20D9015FFC54B01FD6AFD1DFD45FD21" box="[658,713,654,680]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">n.sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C350A2F7FFC54B01FF3EFD26FCA7FCE5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5F17CFFC54B01FF3EFD26FD27FD7F" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1263]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC54B01FF3EFD26FEDFFD46" bold="true" box="[198,339,693,719]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The name
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A8AFFFFC54B01FE25FD26FD94FD47" box="[477,536,693,718]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Axea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC54B01FE25FD26FD94FD47" box="[477,536,693,718]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Axea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is an arbitrary combination of letters, inspired by an Ontario license plate. The name is to be treated as feminine gender.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5F17CFFC54B01FF3EFC96FCA7FCE5" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1263]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC54B01FF3EFC96FD81FC96" bold="true" box="[198,525,773,799]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Link to Distribution Map</emphasis>
|
||
.23
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A8AFFFFC54B01FDD5FC95FDE4FC96" box="[557,616,774,799]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Axea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC54B01FDD5FC95FDE4FC96" box="[557,616,774,799]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Axea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is found throughout the Old World tropics (excluding
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35DB1ECFFC54B01FB07FC96FAE3FC96" box="[1279,1391,773,799]" name="Australia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
), in continental Africa from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35DB1ECFFC54B01FE4BFCBFFDD3FCCF" box="[435,607,812,838]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Guinea-Bissau</collectingCountry>
|
||
east to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35DB1ECFFC54B01FD41FCBFFC95FCCF" box="[697,793,812,838]" name="Somalia" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Somalia</collectingCountry>
|
||
and south to
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35DB1ECFFC54B01FC4FFCBFFBDDFCCF" box="[951,1105,812,838]" name="South Africa" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||
; in Asia from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35DB1ECFFC54B01FB00FCBFFAC1FCCF" box="[1272,1357,812,838]" name="Yemen" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Yemen</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35DB1ECFFC54B01FAA0FCBFFA1BFCCF" box="[1368,1431,812,838]" name="India" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">India</collectingCountry>
|
||
, and Southeast Asia east to the
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35DB1ECFFC54B01FE05FCC1FD0DFCE5" box="[509,641,850,876]" name="Philippines" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Philippines</collectingCountry>
|
||
and Sulawesi.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C350A2F7FFC54B01FF3EFCEAFB54FB66" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BF5F17CFFC54B01FF3EFCEAFB54FB66" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1263]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC54B01FF3EFCEAFED9FC1A" bold="true" box="[198,341,889,915]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A8AFFFFC54B01FEA6FCEAFE15FC1B" box="[350,409,889,914]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Axea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC54B01FEA6FCEAFE15FC1B" box="[350,409,889,914]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Axea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is similar to genera of the tribe Scelionini
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC54B01FC65FCEAFC5EFC1B" box="[925,978,889,914]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">s.str.</emphasis>
|
||
in that it has the so-called punctiform marginal vein, that is, the stigmal vein (r-rs) arises from R before the latter merges with the costal margin of the fore wing, and many species have the radial vein in the hind wing vestigial. Both of these character states are shared also with other scelionine genera. For example, the punctiform marginalis is found also in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A8AFFFFC54B01FF6FFB87FEFFFBA7" authority="Kieffer" authorityName="Kieffer" box="[151,371,1044,1070]" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Oxyscelio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC54B01FF6FFB87FE9EFBA4" box="[151,274,1044,1069]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Oxyscelio</emphasis>
|
||
Kieffer
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A8AFFFFC54B01FE49FB87FD51FBA7" authority="Ashmead" authorityName="Ashmead" box="[433,733,1044,1070]" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Chromoteleia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC54B01FE49FB87FDD7FBA4" box="[433,603,1044,1069]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Chromoteleia</emphasis>
|
||
Ashmead
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; and the abbreviate hind wing radius is characteristic in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A8AFFFFC54B01FF6FFBA8FE0CFBDD" authority="Latreille" authorityName="Latreille" box="[151,384,1082,1108]" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Sparasion" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC54B01FF6FFBA8FE9CFBDD" box="[151,272,1083,1108]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Sparasion</emphasis>
|
||
Latreille
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A8AFFFFC54B01FE74FBA8FD26FBDD" authority="Ashmead" authorityName="Ashmead" box="[396,682,1082,1108]" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Sceliomorpha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC54B01FE74FBA8FDBDFBDD" box="[396,561,1083,1108]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Sceliomorpha</emphasis>
|
||
Ashmead
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A8AFFFFC54B01FD1EFBA8FC6EFBDD" authority="Masner. The" authorityName="Masner. The" box="[742,994,1082,1108]" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Nixonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC54B01FD1EFBA8FCC8FBDD" box="[742,836,1083,1108]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Nixonia</emphasis>
|
||
Masner. The
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
discovery that the three Asian and a
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F35DB1ECFFC54B01FF6FFBF2FE85FBF2" box="[151,265,1121,1147]" name="Madagascar" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Malagasy</collectingCountry>
|
||
species have the hind wing radius completely developed is inconsistent with the placement of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C4A8AFFFFC54B01FA99FBF2FA10FBF3" box="[1377,1436,1121,1146]" class="Insecta" family="Platygastridae" genus="Axea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B93E2D6EFFC54B01FA99FBF2FA10FBF3" box="[1377,1436,1121,1146]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Axea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
within Scelionini. This group of species does not appear to be closely related to any other genus in the subfamily; details of its relationships are currently part of a larger combined morphological and molecular analysis of platygastroid phylogeny. Therefore, we are proposing a new genus for this group.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |