117 lines
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117 lines
15 KiB
XML
<document id="DBBB5AECAA1DE10DBB50F5240C9D97E5" ID-DOI="10.2478/if-2019-0013" ID-ISSN="2533-4069" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5386203" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630303095841" checkinUser="diego" docAuthor="Friis, Else Marie, Crane, Peter R. & Pedersen, Kaj Raunsgaard" docDate="2019" docId="0396DC10BF1EC211CE0AB137E5521EEF" docLanguage="en" docName="2_Friis.pdf" docOrigin="Fossil Imprint 75 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/if-2019-0013" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0EC54BF35E227CA4627F894F6BA30634.4:FossilImprint.2016-.journal_article" docStyleId="0EC54BF35E227CA4627F894F6BA30634" docStyleName="FossilImprint.2016-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Ephedrispermum lusitanicum RYDIN, K. R. PEDERSEN, P. R. CRANE et E. M. FRIIS 2006" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="171" masterDocId="FFAFA468BF0FC203CD58B635E7781C51" masterDocTitle="The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Torres Vedras (Ne Of Forte Da Forca), Portugal: A Palaeofloristic Analysis Of An Early Angiosperm Community" masterLastPageNumber="257" masterPageNumber="153" pageNumber="170" updateTime="1699221227565" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-ND-3.0">
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<mods:title id="8A9B60ABBCB73497BAAA0BD8700BBF98">The Early Cretaceous Mesofossil Flora Of Torres Vedras (Ne Of Forte Da Forca), Portugal: A Palaeofloristic Analysis Of An Early Angiosperm Community</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4D446B0F53627511D5165FFFE638B783">Friis, Else Marie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="8CE9BBCB1DEE8E2D86E903B85098EDA5">Crane, Peter R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5541269A8E3C2F06BE644B5DE4CCB6DF">Pedersen, Kaj Raunsgaard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="0A53464482BAEF5BEFEBC2A9519F3DFC">2019</mods:date>
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF1EC212CE0AB137E2601B6A" authority="RYDIN, K. R. PEDERSEN, P. R. CRANE et E. M. FRIIS, 2006" authorityName="RYDIN, K. R. PEDERSEN, P. R. CRANE et E. M. FRIIS" authorityYear="2006" class="Gnetopsida" family="Ephedraceae" genus="Ephedrispermum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gnetales" pageId="17" pageNumber="170" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lusitanicum">
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<emphasis id="B94BB114BF1EC212CE0AB137E2601B6A" bold="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="170">
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<emphasis id="B94BB114BF1EC212CE0AB137E3E21B4B" bold="true" box="[850,1178,1794,1818]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="170">Ephedrispermum lusitanicum</emphasis>
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RYDIN, K.R.PEDERSEN, P.R.CRANE et E.M.
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE10F7BF1EC212C9C6B116E3AE1B6B" author="Friis, E. M. & Pedersen, K. R. & Crane, P. R." box="[1182,1238,1827,1851]" pageId="17" pageNumber="170" pagination="251 - 293" refId="ref77007" refString="Friis, E. M., Pedersen, K. R., Crane, P. R. (2006): Creta- ceous angiosperm flowers: Innovation and evolution in plant reproduction. - Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 232: 251 - 293. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. palaeo. 2005.07.006" type="journal article" year="2006">FRIIS</bibRefCitation>
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, 2006
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF1EC212C97CB171E3BB1B0D" blockId="17.[1060,1219,1860,1884]" box="[1060,1219,1860,1884]" pageId="17" pageNumber="170">
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<figureCitation id="13047183BF1EC212C97CB171E3BB1B0D" box="[1060,1219,1860,1884]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="19.[125,206,1904,1925]" captionTargetBox="[128,1438,151,1884]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Text-fig. 11. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of seeds assigned to the BEG group (a–d) and associated pollen grains (e–i); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Seed of Tomcatia taylorii showing the four horns formed by extensions of the envelope and the central projection of the envelope that surrounds to the micropylar tube; b, c) Seeds of Quadrispermum parvum in lateral (b) and apical (c) views showing the transverse ribs and the central projection of the envelope that surrounds the micropylar tube; d–f) Seeds of Ephedrispermum lusitanicum showing the four-angled seed envelope (d), the micropylar tube surrounded by the tissues of the integument (e), and ephedroid pollen grains on the seed surface (f); g) Apex of seed of Quadrispermum parvum showing simple" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5386239" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5386239/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="170">Text-fig. 11d–f</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C3253E8DBF1EC211CE02B141E5521EEF" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="171" pageId="17" pageNumber="170" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF1EC211CE02B141E64E1CBE" blockId="17.[820,1459,1908,2062]" lastBlockId="18.[129,768,151,240]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="171" pageId="17" pageNumber="170">
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D e s c r i p t i o n a n d r e m a r k s.Chlamydospermous seeds that are four-angled to circular in transverse section, about
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<quantity id="4CC7C0E3BF1EC212CE24B180E4AC1B9D" box="[892,980,1973,1997]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="170" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
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long and 0.55–0.6.5 mm wide. The seed envelope is sclerenchymatic with about 40 slightly raised longitudinal ridges (
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<figureCitation id="13047183BF1EC212C90EB1C3E39D145F" box="[1110,1253,2038,2062]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="19.[125,206,1904,1925]" captionTargetBox="[128,1438,151,1884]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Text-fig. 11. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of seeds assigned to the BEG group (a–d) and associated pollen grains (e–i); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Seed of Tomcatia taylorii showing the four horns formed by extensions of the envelope and the central projection of the envelope that surrounds to the micropylar tube; b, c) Seeds of Quadrispermum parvum in lateral (b) and apical (c) views showing the transverse ribs and the central projection of the envelope that surrounds the micropylar tube; d–f) Seeds of Ephedrispermum lusitanicum showing the four-angled seed envelope (d), the micropylar tube surrounded by the tissues of the integument (e), and ephedroid pollen grains on the seed surface (f); g) Apex of seed of Quadrispermum parvum showing simple" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5386239" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5386239/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="170">Text-fig. 11d</figureCitation>
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). Ephedroid pollen grains have been observed in the micropyles of several specimens and also on the surface of the seed envelope (
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<figureCitation id="13047183BF1DC211CDD0B6E2E6521CBE" box="[136,298,215,240]" captionStart="Text-fig" captionStartId="19.[125,206,1904,1925]" captionTargetBox="[128,1438,151,1884]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Text-fig. 11. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) images of seeds assigned to the BEG group (a–d) and associated pollen grains (e–i); Torres Vedras locality, Portugal. a) Seed of Tomcatia taylorii showing the four horns formed by extensions of the envelope and the central projection of the envelope that surrounds to the micropylar tube; b, c) Seeds of Quadrispermum parvum in lateral (b) and apical (c) views showing the transverse ribs and the central projection of the envelope that surrounds the micropylar tube; d–f) Seeds of Ephedrispermum lusitanicum showing the four-angled seed envelope (d), the micropylar tube surrounded by the tissues of the integument (e), and ephedroid pollen grains on the seed surface (f); g) Apex of seed of Quadrispermum parvum showing simple" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5386239" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5386239/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="171">Text-fig. 11e, f</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF1DC211CDFEB732E6741E0E" blockId="18.[128,768,263,607]" pageId="18" pageNumber="171">
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A f f i n i t y a n d o t h e r o c c u r r e n c e s.
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF1DC211CFF8B732E6161D6E" authorityName="RYDIN, K. R. PEDERSEN, P. R. CRANE et E. M. FRIIS" authorityYear="2006" class="Gnetopsida" family="Ephedraceae" genus="Ephedrispermum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gnetales" pageId="18" pageNumber="171" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lusitanicum">
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<emphasis id="B94BB114BF1DC211CFF8B732E6161D6E" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="171">Ephedrispermum lusitanicum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is common in the Torres Vedras mesofossil flora and also in the mesofossil flora from Buarcos (the
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<typeStatus id="5484D3A4BF1DC211CC48B752E6461D2E" box="[272,318,359,383]" pageId="18" pageNumber="171">type</typeStatus>
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locality for the genus and species). Seeds of
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF1DC211CDFBB7B2E6231DCE" authorityName="RYDIN, K. R. PEDERSEN, P. R. CRANE et E. M. FRIIS" authorityYear="2006" box="[163,347,391,415]" class="Gnetopsida" family="Ephedraceae" genus="Ephedrispermum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gnetales" pageId="18" pageNumber="171" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94BB114BF1DC211CDFBB7B2E6231DCE" box="[163,347,391,415]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="171">Ephedrispermum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are also known from the Famalicão and
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<collectingRegion id="49FBA3E4BF1DC211CDE8B792E7A71DEE" box="[176,223,423,447]" country="Switzerland" name="Valais" pageId="18" pageNumber="171">Vale</collectingRegion>
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de Água mesofossil floras, but these seeds differ in having fewer ridges on the seed envelope and in details of the associated pollen grains. The Famalicão and
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<collectingRegion id="49FBA3E4BF1DC211CFF7B7D2E5A61DAE" box="[687,734,487,511]" country="Switzerland" name="Valais" pageId="18" pageNumber="171">Vale</collectingRegion>
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de Água specimens have been assigned to a separate species
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF1DC211CFB0B432E6711E0E" authority="E. M. FRIIS, P. R. CRANE et K. R. PEDERSEN (Friis et al. 2019 c)" class="Gnetopsida" family="Ephedraceae" genus="Ephedrispermum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gnetales" pageId="18" pageNumber="171" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tenuicostatum">
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<emphasis id="B94BB114BF1DC211CFB0B432E66E1E6F" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="171">E. tenuicostatum</emphasis>
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E.M.FRIIS, P.R.CRANE et K.R.PEDERSEN (
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE10F7BF1DC211CF95B412E6791E0E" author="Friis, E. M. & Crane, P. R. & Pedersen, K. R." pageId="18" pageNumber="171" pagination="643 - 666" refId="ref75954" refString="Friis, E. M., Crane, P. R., Pedersen, K. R. (2019 c): Chla- mydospermous seeds document the diversity and abundance of extinct gnetalean relatives in Early Cretaceous vegetation. - International Journal of Plant Sciences, 180 (7): 643 - 666. https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 704356" type="journal article" year="2019">Friis et al. 2019c</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B806D06BF1DC211CDF5B4B3E5521EEF" blockId="18.[173,722,646,703]" pageId="18" pageNumber="171">
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<emphasis id="B94BB114BF1DC211CDF5B4B3E5521EEF" bold="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="171">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F1685BF1DC211CDA5B4B3E5521EEF" authority="E. M. FRIIS, K. R. PEDERSEN et P. R. CRANE, 2013" authorityName="E. M. FRIIS, K. R. PEDERSEN et P. R. CRANE" authorityYear="2013" class="Gnetopsida" genus="Quadrispermum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gnetales" pageId="18" pageNumber="171" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94BB114BF1DC211CDA5B4B3E6CA1ECF" bold="true" box="[253,434,646,670]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="171">Quadrispermum</emphasis>
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E.M.FRIIS, K.R.PEDERSEN et P.R.CRANE, 2013
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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