385 lines
45 KiB
XML
385 lines
45 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="66BBE1DA4FD0D5AC6D923A437408FDE0">Aspidochirotida (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) from the northeast coast of Brazil</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="56DAB64CD7F02E0AAB73062CCE2FA2E4">Christoffersen, Martin L.</mods:namePart>
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<subSubSection id="C325653BF259FF80FF079BC51FD40D21" box="[151,641,758,784]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B8036B0F259FF80FF079BC51FD40D21" blockId="16.[151,641,758,818]" box="[151,641,758,784]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">
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<heading id="D0C881DCF259FF80FF079BC51FD40D21" bold="true" box="[151,641,758,784]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D33F259FF80FF079BC51FD40D21" authority="Selenka, 1867" authorityName="Selenka" authorityYear="1867" box="[151,641,758,784]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Stichopodidae" genus="Isostichopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="badionotus">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAA2F259FF80FF079BC51FD40D21" bold="true" box="[151,641,758,784]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAA2F259FF80FF079BC51CEE0D21" bold="true" box="[151,443,758,784]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Isostichopus badionotus</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B41F259FF80FE5A9BC51F2C0D21" author="Selenka" box="[458,633,758,784]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" refString="Selenka, E. (1867) Beitrage zur anatomie und systematik der holothurien. Zeitschrift fur wissenschaftliche zoologie, 17, 291 - 374." type="journal article" year="1867">Selenka, 1867</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C325653BF259FF80FF079A2A1C030D03" box="[151,342,793,818]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B8036B0F259FF80FF079A2A1C030D03" blockId="16.[151,641,758,818]" box="[151,342,793,818]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">
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<figureCitation id="13042A35F259FF80FF079A2A1DA20D00" box="[151,247,793,818]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1954,1976]" captionTargetBox="[202,1383,193,1931]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[202,1384,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Isostichopus badionotus (Selenka). A, external view, dorsal and ventral side; B, detail of the papillae of the mouth; C, animal at environment; D, calcareous ring, dorsal and ventral side; E, tables from body wall; F, curved rod from body wall; G, perforated rod; H, endplate." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229190/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Figure 7</figureCitation>
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,
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<tableCitation id="C6BD030BF259FF80FE939A2A1C030D03" box="[259,342,793,818]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="18.[151,239,656,679]" captionTargetBox="[159,1252,738,1463]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="TABLE 5. Measurements of calcareous ossicles of Isostichopus badionotus (Selenka), from the northeast coast of Brazil. Size range of samples: 70 – 160 mm. SD, standard deviation; N, number of samples." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF406638F25BFF82FF079BA3195C0CF6" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" tableUuid="DF406638F25BFF82FF079BA3195C0CF6">Table 5</tableCitation>
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<subSubSection id="C325653BF259FF80FF079A521DA10A21" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" type="reference_group">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D33F259FF80FF079A521F130D46" authority="Selenka, 1867: 316" authorityName="Selenka" authorityPageNumber="316" authorityYear="1867" box="[151,582,865,887]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Stichopodidae" genus="Stichopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="badionotus">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAA2F259FF80FF079A521C270D46" box="[151,370,865,887]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Stichopus badionotus</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9E10A1F259FF80FEEB9A521F130D46" author="Selenka" box="[379,582,865,887]" page="316" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" year="1867">
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: 316
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9E10A1F259FF80FDC39A521E630D46" author="Deichmann" box="[595,822,865,887]" page="80" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" year="1930">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B41F259FF80FDC39A521E5B0D46" author="Deichmann" box="[595,782,865,887]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" refString="Deichmann, E. (1930) The holothurians of the western part of the Atlantic Ocean. Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard College, Cambridge, 71 (3), 42 - 276." type="journal article" year="1930">Deichmann, 1930</bibRefCitation>
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: 80
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</treatmentCitation>
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; 1940: 195; 1954: 388;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9E10A1F259FF80FBA59A5219BC0D46" author="Clark" box="[1077,1257,865,887]" page="109" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" year="1933">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B41F259FF80FBA59A5219E60D46" author="Clark" box="[1077,1203,865,887]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" refString="Clark, H. L. (1933) Scientific Survey of Porto Rico and the Virgin Island. A handbook of the littoral echinoderms of Porto Rico and the other West Indian islands, XVI (part 1), 3 - 147." type="journal article" year="1933">Clark, 1933</bibRefCitation>
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: 109
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</treatmentCitation>
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; Ancona-
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9E10A1F259FF80FAC69A511C710DA7" author="Lopez" page="11" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" year="1958">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B41F259FF80FAC69A511DA80DA7" author="Lopez" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" refString="Ancona-Lopez, A. A. (1958) Sobre holoturias do litoral sul brasileiro. Boletim Faculdade Filosofia, Ciencias Letras, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Zoologia, 21, 1 - 53." type="journal article" year="1958">Lopez, 1958</bibRefCitation>
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: 11
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9E10A1F259FF80FEA09AB31CAF0DA7" author="Tommasi" box="[304,506,896,918]" page="41" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" year="1957">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B41F259FF80FEA09AB31C860DA7" author="Tommasi" box="[304,467,896,918]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" refString="Tommasi, L. R. (1957) Os equinodermas do litoral de Sao Paulo. I. Echinoidea, Crinoidea e Holothuroidea dos bentos costeiros. Papeis Avulsos Departamento de Zoologia, Secretaria Agricultura, Sao Paulo, 13, 19 - 44." type="journal article" year="1957">Tommasi, 1957</bibRefCitation>
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: 41
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9E10A1F259FF80FD979AB31FAB0DA7" author="Cherbonnier" box="[519,766,896,918]" page="440" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" year="1959">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B41F259FF80FD979AB31F9C0DA7" author="Cherbonnier" box="[519,713,896,918]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" refString="Cherbonnier, G. (1959) Echinodermes de la Guyane Francaise (Crinoides, Asterides, Ophiurides, Echinides, Holothurides). crinoides, asterides, ophiurides, echinides, holothurides). Bulletin du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle, Series 2, 31 (5), 440 - 447. [Paris] http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 10122" type="journal article" year="1959">Cherbonnier, 1959</bibRefCitation>
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: 440
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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; 1975: 631;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9E10A1F259FF80FC119AB319400DA7" author="Brito" box="[897,1045,896,918]" page="4" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" year="1960">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B41F259FF80FC119AB31EAF0DA7" author="Brito" box="[897,1018,896,918]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" refString="Brito, I. M. (1960) Holoturoides do Rio de Janeiro. Parte I. Aspidochirota e Apoda. Papeis Avulsos Zoologia, Centro de Estudos Zoologicos, 7, 1 - 8." type="journal article" year="1960">Brito, 1960</bibRefCitation>
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: 4
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</treatmentCitation>
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; 1962: 4;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9E10A1F259FF80FBEF9AB318020DA7" author="Tommasi" box="[1151,1367,896,918]" page="603" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" year="1960">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B41F259FF80FBEF9AB318770DA7" author="Tommasi" box="[1151,1314,896,918]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" refString="Tommasi, L. R. (1960) Echinodermata do Estado do Rio de Janeiro - I. Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciencias, 31 (4), 601 - 604." type="journal article" year="1960">Tommasi, 1960</bibRefCitation>
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: 603
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9E10A1F259FF80FAF39AB31C650D85" author="Caso" page="357" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" year="1961">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B41F259FF80FAF39AB31DA80D85" author="Caso" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" refString="Caso, M. E. (1961) Los Equinodermos de Mexico. Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Facultad de Ciencias, 338 pp., 123 figs." type="book" year="1961">Caso, 1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 357
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B8036B0F259FF80FF079A8E1DA10A21" blockId="16.[151,1437,865,1040]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">
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<emphasis id="B94BEAA2F259FF80FF079A8E1CFA0DE2" box="[151,431,957,979]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D33F259FF80FF079A8E1CC50DE2" box="[151,400,957,979]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Stichopodidae" genus="Isostichopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="badionotus">Isostichopus badionotus</taxonomicName>
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.―
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</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9E10A1F259FF80FE3F9A8E1FF50DE2" author="Deichmann" box="[431,672,957,979]" page="280" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" year="1958">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B41F259FF80FE3F9A8E1F3F0DE2" author="Deichmann" box="[431,618,957,979]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" refString="Deichmann, E. (1958) The Holothuroidea collected by the Velero III and IV during the years 1932 to 1954. Part II. Apsidochirota. Allan Hancock Pacific Expeditions, 11 (2), 239 - 349." type="journal article" year="1958">Deichmann, 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
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: 280
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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; 1963: 106;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9E10A1F259FF80FCB89A8E1EBD0DE2" author="Tommasi" box="[808,1000,957,979]" page="5" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" year="1969">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B41F259FF80FCB89A8E1E990DE2" author="Tommasi" box="[808,972,957,979]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" refString="Tommasi, L. R. (1969) Lista dos Holothuroidea recentes do Brasil. Contribuicoes Avulsas do Instituto Oceanografico, serie Oceanografia Biologica, 15, 1 - 29. [Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo]" type="journal article" year="1969">Tommasi, 1969</bibRefCitation>
|
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: 5
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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; 1972: 18;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9E10A1F259FF80FBF49A8D187A0DE2" author="Pawson" box="[1124,1327,957,979]" page="373" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" year="1976">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B41F259FF80FBF49A8D19AC0DE2" author="Pawson" box="[1124,1273,957,979]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" refString="Pawson, D. L. (1976) Shallow-water sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea) from Carrie Bow Cay, Belize. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 89, 369 - 382." type="journal article" year="1976">Pawson, 1976</bibRefCitation>
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: 373
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9E10A1F259FF80FAAD9A8E1C650DC3" author="Caycedo" page="159" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" year="1978">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B41F259FF80FAAD9A8E1DA80DC3" author="Caycedo" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" refString="Caycedo, I. E. (1978) Holothuroidea (Echinodermata) de aguas someras em la costa norte de Colombia. Anais del Instituto de Investigaciones Marinas, 10, 149 - 198. [Punta Betin, Santa Marta, Colombia]" type="journal article" year="1978">Caycedo, 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
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: 159
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9E10A1F259FF80FEAA9AEF1F6F0DC3" author="Hendler" box="[314,570,988,1010]" page="280" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" year="1995">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B41F259FF80FEAA9AEF1F520DC3" author="Hendler" box="[314,519,988,1010]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" refString="Hendler, G., Miller, J. E., Pawson, D. L. & Kier, P. M. (1995) Sea stars, sea urchins and allies: Echinoderms of Florida and the Caribbean. 1 st Edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 392 pp." type="book" year="1995">
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Hendler
|
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<emphasis id="B94BEAA2F259FF80FE029AEE1C9F0DC3" box="[402,458,988,1010]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">et al.,</emphasis>
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1995
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
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: 280
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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;
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9E10A1F259FF80FDD49AEF1E530DC3" author="Cutress" box="[580,774,988,1010]" page="105" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" year="1996">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B41F259FF80FDD49AEF1F860DC3" author="Cutress" box="[580,723,988,1010]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" refString="Cutress, B. M. (1996) Changes in dermal ossicles during somatic growth in Caribbean littoral sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Aspidochirotida). Bulletin of Marine Science, 58, 51 - 55." type="journal article" year="1996">Cutress, 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 105
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9E10A1F259FF80FC809AEF1EE80DC3" author="Xavier" box="[784,957,988,1010]" page="75" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" year="2010">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B41F259FF80FC809AEF1ECD0DC3" author="Xavier" box="[784,920,988,1010]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" refString="Xavier, L. A. R. (2010) Inventario dos equinodermos do Estado de Santa Catarina, Brasil. Brazilian Journal of Aquatic Science and Technology, 14 (2), 73 - 78." type="journal article" year="2010">Xavier, 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 75
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9E10A1F259FF80FC589AEF19E90DC3" author="Oliveira" box="[968,1212,988,1010]" page="12" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" year="2010">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B41F259FF80FC589AEF19C20DC3" author="Oliveira" box="[968,1175,988,1010]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" refString="Oliveira, J. P., Oliveira, J. & Manso, C. L. C. (2010) Inventario da colecao de equinodermos do LABIMAR, Campus Profº. Alberto Carvalho, Universidade Federal de Sergipe. Scientia Plena, 6 (2), 1 - 14." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Oliveira
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAA2F259FF80FBB19AEE191B0DC3" box="[1057,1102,988,1010]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 12
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9E10A1F259FF80FB579AEF1DA50A21" author="Miranda" page="141" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" year="2012">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B41F259FF80FB579AEF18CC0DC3" author="Miranda" box="[1223,1433,988,1010]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" refString="Miranda, A. L. S., Lima, M. L. F., Sovierzoski, H. H. & Correia, M. D. (2012) Inventory of the Echinodermata collection from the Universidade Federal de Alagoas. Biota Neotropica, 12 (2), 135 - 146. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1590 / s 1676 - 06032012000200014" type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Miranda
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAA2F259FF80FAB39AEE18050DC3" box="[1315,1360,988,1010]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">et al</emphasis>
|
||
., 2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 141
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C325653BF259FF80FF079D0E1F230AD7" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8036B0F259FF80FF079D0E1E6C0AF3" blockId="16.[151,1436,1085,2010]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAA2F259FF80FF079D0E1CDC0A67" bold="true" box="[151,393,1085,1110]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
Reefs at Francês Beach, Marechal Deodoro, AL,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3287620F259FF80FC6B9D0E19170A67" box="[1019,1090,1085,1110]" name="Brazil" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 1 spec. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE75F259FF80FB539D0D18580A67" box="[1219,1293,1086,1110]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pjvz-tkai" name="Departamento de Sistematica e Ecologia" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">UFPB</collectionCode>
|
||
.ECH-2144); Chapeirão at southern tip of Lixa Reef, Abrolhos, BA,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3287620F259FF80FC839D521E0F0A4B" box="[787,858,1121,1146]" name="Brazil" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 1 spec. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE75F259FF80FC599D5119410A4B" box="[969,1044,1122,1146]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pjvz-tkai" name="Departamento de Sistematica e Ecologia" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">UFPB</collectionCode>
|
||
.ECH-1987); 1 spec. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE75F259FF80FA9C9D5118000A4B" box="[1292,1365,1122,1146]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pjvz-tkai" name="Departamento de Sistematica e Ecologia" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">UFPB</collectionCode>
|
||
.ECH- 2137); Vigilante, Lixa Reef, Abrolhos, BA,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3287620F259FF80FD179DB61F9B0AAF" box="[647,718,1157,1182]" name="Brazil" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 1 spec. (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED2EAE75F259FF80FCA79DB61ED40AAF" box="[823,897,1157,1182]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/pjvz-tkai" name="Departamento de Sistematica e Ecologia" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">UFPB</collectionCode>
|
||
.ECH-2146); Southeast of Santa Bárbara Island, Archipelago of Abrolhos, BA,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3287620F259FF80FE629D9A1F6C0AF3" box="[498,569,1193,1218]" name="Brazil" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
, 1 spec. (EQMN-366).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8036B0F259FF80FF579DFE1F230AD7" blockId="16.[151,1436,1085,2010]" box="[199,630,1229,1254]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAA2F259FF80FF579DFE1C300AD7" bold="true" box="[199,357,1229,1254]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54848812F259FF80FF579DFE1C570AD7" box="[199,258,1229,1254]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Florida (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B41F259FF80FE5B9DFE1F3C0AD7" author="Selenka" box="[459,617,1229,1254]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" refString="Selenka, E. (1867) Beitrage zur anatomie und systematik der holothurien. Zeitschrift fur wissenschaftliche zoologie, 17, 291 - 374." type="journal article" year="1867">Selenka 1867</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C325653BF259FF80FF579DC21FC40B3B" box="[199,657,1265,1290]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8036B0F259FF80FF579DC21FC40B3B" blockId="16.[151,1436,1085,2010]" box="[199,657,1265,1290]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAA2F259FF80FF579DC21C140B3B" bold="true" box="[199,321,1265,1290]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
See
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B41F259FF80FEE79DC11F0F0B3B" author="Pawson" box="[375,602,1265,1290]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" refString="Pawson, D. L., Pawson, D. J. & King, R. A. (2010) A taxonomic guide to the Echinodermata of the South Atlantic Bight, USA: 1. Sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea). Zootaxa, 2449, 1 - 48." type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||
Pawson
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAA2F259FF80FE459DC11F520B3B" box="[469,519,1265,1290]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2010
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 35).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C325653BF259FF80FF579C261CB7095F" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8036B0F259FF80FF579C261C200933" blockId="16.[151,1436,1085,2010]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAA2F259FF80FF579C261C0C0B1F" bold="true" box="[199,345,1301,1326]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Description.</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D39FD39F259FF80FECE9C261CBD0B1F" box="[350,488,1301,1326]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
analyzed, measuring between
|
||
<quantity id="4CC79B55F259FF80FCAD9C251E910B1C" box="[829,964,1302,1326]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" unit="mm" value="125.0" valueMax="180.0" valueMin="70.0">70–180 mm</quantity>
|
||
long and
|
||
<quantity id="4CC79B55F259FF80FBA19C2619FC0B1C" box="[1073,1193,1301,1326]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" unit="mm" value="45.0" valueMax="65.0" valueMin="25.0">25–65 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide. Body elongate, robust, flattened ventrally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13042A35F259FF80FE589C0A1F590B63" box="[456,524,1337,1362]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1954,1976]" captionTargetBox="[202,1383,193,1931]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[202,1384,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Isostichopus badionotus (Selenka). A, external view, dorsal and ventral side; B, detail of the papillae of the mouth; C, animal at environment; D, calcareous ring, dorsal and ventral side; E, tables from body wall; F, curved rod from body wall; G, perforated rod; H, endplate." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229190/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
A). Mouth and anus ventral. Presence of 15 peltate tentacles, with a row of about 50 papillae, the smaller ventral (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13042A35F259FF80FE6F9C6E1F160B47" box="[511,579,1373,1398]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1954,1976]" captionTargetBox="[202,1383,193,1931]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[202,1384,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Isostichopus badionotus (Selenka). A, external view, dorsal and ventral side; B, detail of the papillae of the mouth; C, animal at environment; D, calcareous ring, dorsal and ventral side; E, tables from body wall; F, curved rod from body wall; G, perforated rod; H, endplate." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229190/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
B). Tube feet ventral, arranged into 2 series of five rows laterally and middle series of eight to ten rows. In dorsal side various large papillae grouped into 2 series of four rows. Body color varies among different tonalities of brown on lateral and ventral side, with dark to yellow spots dorsally (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13042A35F259FF80FAA69C96182F0B8F" box="[1334,1402,1445,1470]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1954,1976]" captionTargetBox="[202,1383,193,1931]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[202,1384,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Isostichopus badionotus (Selenka). A, external view, dorsal and ventral side; B, detail of the papillae of the mouth; C, animal at environment; D, calcareous ring, dorsal and ventral side; E, tables from body wall; F, curved rod from body wall; G, perforated rod; H, endplate." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229190/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
C). Calcareous ring simple, radial plates square-shaped,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC79B55F259FF80FD7D9CF91E650BD0" box="[749,816,1482,1506]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
|
||
high and
|
||
<quantity id="4CC79B55F259FF80FC339CF91EB30BD0" box="[931,998,1482,1506]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
wide, posterior margin with two short posterior projections. Short interradial plates,
|
||
<quantity id="4CC79B55F259FF80FD079CDD1F8D0834" box="[663,728,1518,1542]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
|
||
high and wide. Plates with different sizes along the ring, dorsal side larger than ventral side (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13042A35F259FF80FE4F9F221F76081B" box="[479,547,1553,1578]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1954,1976]" captionTargetBox="[202,1383,193,1931]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[202,1384,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Isostichopus badionotus (Selenka). A, external view, dorsal and ventral side; B, detail of the papillae of the mouth; C, animal at environment; D, calcareous ring, dorsal and ventral side; E, tables from body wall; F, curved rod from body wall; G, perforated rod; H, endplate." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229190/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
D). Longitudinal muscles well developed. Respiratory trees very branched, but not reaching anterior part. Gonads grouped into 2 tufts, elongated, thick, divided at least once, not filling the coelom. Body wall with tables, disc smooth, 40–60 Μm in diameter and about 40 Μm high, with a large central hole and 10–12 marginal holes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13042A35F259FF80FE5C9F4E1F4508A7" box="[460,528,1661,1686]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1954,1976]" captionTargetBox="[202,1383,193,1931]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[202,1384,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Isostichopus badionotus (Selenka). A, external view, dorsal and ventral side; B, detail of the papillae of the mouth; C, animal at environment; D, calcareous ring, dorsal and ventral side; E, tables from body wall; F, curved rod from body wall; G, perforated rod; H, endplate." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229190/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
E), spire of 4 pillars ending in about 18 teeth. Rods “C”-shaped (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13042A35F259FF80FB639F4E186308A7" box="[1267,1334,1661,1686]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1954,1976]" captionTargetBox="[202,1383,193,1931]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[202,1384,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Isostichopus badionotus (Selenka). A, external view, dorsal and ventral side; B, detail of the papillae of the mouth; C, animal at environment; D, calcareous ring, dorsal and ventral side; E, tables from body wall; F, curved rod from body wall; G, perforated rod; H, endplate." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229190/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
F), about 140 Μm long. Tube feet with endplate, 250 Μm in diameter (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13042A35F259FF80FCA49F921E22088B" box="[820,887,1697,1722]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1954,1976]" captionTargetBox="[202,1383,193,1931]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[202,1384,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Isostichopus badionotus (Selenka). A, external view, dorsal and ventral side; B, detail of the papillae of the mouth; C, animal at environment; D, calcareous ring, dorsal and ventral side; E, tables from body wall; F, curved rod from body wall; G, perforated rod; H, endplate." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229190/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
H); rods straights, and numerous perforated rods, about 200 Μm long (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13042A35F259FF80FE199FF61C8508EF" box="[393,464,1733,1758]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1954,1976]" captionTargetBox="[202,1383,193,1931]" captionTargetId="figure@17.[202,1384,193,1932]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 7. Isostichopus badionotus (Selenka). A, external view, dorsal and ventral side; B, detail of the papillae of the mouth; C, animal at environment; D, calcareous ring, dorsal and ventral side; E, tables from body wall; F, curved rod from body wall; G, perforated rod; H, endplate." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229190/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
G). Tentacles with curved rods. Ossicles from ventral side slightly larger than from dorsal side (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6BD030BF259FF80FE8E9FDA1C320933" box="[286,359,1769,1794]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="18.[151,239,656,679]" captionTargetBox="[159,1252,738,1463]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="TABLE 5. Measurements of calcareous ossicles of Isostichopus badionotus (Selenka), from the northeast coast of Brazil. Size range of samples: 70 – 160 mm. SD, standard deviation; N, number of samples." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF406638F25BFF82FF079BA3195C0CF6" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" tableUuid="DF406638F25BFF82FF079BA3195C0CF6">Tab. 5</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8036B0F259FF80FF579E3E1CB7095F" blockId="16.[151,1436,1085,2010]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAA2F259FF80FF579E3E1F510917" bold="true" box="[199,516,1805,1830]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Geographical distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3287620F259FF80FD9B9E3E1FF50917" box="[523,672,1805,1830]" name="United States of America" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">United States</collectingCountry>
|
||
(South Carolina, Florida, Texas),
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3287620F259FF80FB8D9E3E19200917" box="[1053,1141,1805,1830]" name="Mexico" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3287620F259FF80FB119E3E199E0917" box="[1153,1227,1805,1830]" name="Belize" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Belize</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3287620F259FF80FB469E3D18670914" box="[1238,1330,1806,1829]" name="Panama" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Panama</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Antilles,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3287620F259FF80FF079E021C5D097B" box="[151,264,1841,1866]" name="Colombia" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3287620F259FF80FE839E021CDC097B" box="[275,393,1841,1866]" name="Venezuela" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3287620F259FF80FE049E021C8D097B" box="[404,472,1841,1866]" name="Brazil" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Brazil</collectingCountry>
|
||
(Alagoas, Bahia, Espírito Santo, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo) and West Africa, up to
|
||
<quantity id="4CC79B55F259FF80FA109E011DF8095C" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" unit="m" value="70.0">70 m</quantity>
|
||
deep (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B41F259FF80FF679E661C80095F" author="Hendler" box="[247,469,1877,1902]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" refString="Hendler, G., Miller, J. E., Pawson, D. L. & Kier, P. M. (1995) Sea stars, sea urchins and allies: Echinoderms of Florida and the Caribbean. 1 st Edition. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, 392 pp." type="book" year="1995">
|
||
Hendler
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAA2F259FF80FECA9E651CDE095F" box="[346,395,1877,1902]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 1995
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C325653BF259FF82FF579E4A1EBA0C51" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="145" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8036B0F259FF82FF579E4A18DC0C0D" blockId="16.[151,1436,1085,2010]" lastBlockId="18.[151,1437,151,608]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="145" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAA2F259FF80FF579E4A1C1A09A3" bold="true" box="[199,335,1913,1938]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Comments.</emphasis>
|
||
The relative size of the “C”-shaped ossicles varies considerably within the species. This is one of the characters that distinguishes
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D33F259FF80FD849EAE1E7D0987" box="[532,808,1949,1974]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Stichopodidae" genus="Isostichopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="badionotus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAA2F259FF80FD849EAE1E7D0987" box="[532,808,1949,1974]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Isostichopus badionotus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D33F259FF80FCE69EAE182E0987" authority="Clark 1922" authorityName="Clark" authorityYear="1922" box="[886,1403,1949,1974]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Stichopodidae" genus="Isostichopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="macroparentheses">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAA2F259FF80FCE69EAE198D0987" box="[886,1240,1949,1974]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="143">Isostichopus macroparentheses</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B41F259FF80FB7B9EAE18260987" author="Clark" box="[1259,1395,1949,1974]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" refString="Clark, H. L. (1922) The echinoderms of the Challenger Bank, Bermuda. Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, 57, 354 - 361. [Boston]" type="journal article" year="1922">Clark 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. It differs mainly in the large “C”-shaped ossicles.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B41F259FF80FD539EF11E3C09EB" author="Cutress" box="[707,873,1985,2010]" pageId="16" pageNumber="143" refString="Cutress, B. M. (1996) Changes in dermal ossicles during somatic growth in Caribbean littoral sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea: Aspidochirotida). Bulletin of Marine Science, 58, 51 - 55." type="journal article" year="1996">Cutress (1996)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
showed that the species of Clark falls within the variability of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D33F25BFF82FEA299AA1C930E81" box="[306,454,151,176]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Stichopodidae" genus="Isostichopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="18" pageNumber="145" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="badionotus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAA2F25BFF82FEA299AA1C930E81" box="[306,454,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="145">I. badionotus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, suggesting the necessity of a taxonomic revision of these two species. The color of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D33F25BFF82FA1C99AA1C410EE4" class="Holothuroidea" family="Stichopodidae" genus="Isostichopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="18" pageNumber="145" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="badionotus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAA2F25BFF82FA1C99AA1C410EE4" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="145">I. badionotus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
varies a lot according to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B41F25BFF82FDA8998F1E250EE5" box="[568,880,188,213]" pageId="18" pageNumber="145" refString="Borrero-Perez, G. H., Benavides-Serrato, M. & Diaz-Sanchez, C. M. (2012) Equinodermos del Caribe colombiano II: Echinoidea y Holothuroidea. Serie de Publicaciones Especiales de Invemarn, 30, 1 - 250. [Santa Marta]" type="journal article">
|
||
Borrero-Pérez
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAA2F25BFF82FD70998E1E460EE4" box="[736,787,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="145">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2012)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
. Orange, yellow, violet, brown and red tones are common. According to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B41F25BFF82FE3A99D31FC80EC9" box="[426,669,223,248]" pageId="18" pageNumber="145" refString="Pawson, D. L., Pawson, D. J. & King, R. A. (2010) A taxonomic guide to the Echinodermata of the South Atlantic Bight, USA: 1. Sea cucumbers (Echinodermata: Holothuroidea). Zootaxa, 2449, 1 - 48." type="journal article">
|
||
Pawson
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAA2F25BFF82FD9B99D21F6B0EC9" box="[523,574,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="145">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2010)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, a common color is light brown with dark brown spots, giving its name of chocolate sea-cucumber. Along the Brazilian coast the color varies from yellow bodies with brown or black spots, to brown bodies with yellow papillae and black spots.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B41F25BFF82FC52981419CA0F71" box="[962,1183,295,320]" pageId="18" pageNumber="145" refString="Lima, R. P. N., Ventura, C. R. R. & Campos-Creasey, L. S. (2003) Gonad morphology and gametogenesis of the sea cucumber Isostichopus badionotus from southeast Brazil. In: Feral, JP., & David, B., (Eds.), Echinoderm Research 2001: Proceedings Of The Sixth European Conference On Echinoderm Research, Banyuls-sur-mer, France, 3 - 7 September 2001. Balkema Press, Rotterdam, pp. 301 - 306." type="journal article">
|
||
Lima
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAA2F25BFF82FB9A981A19140F71" box="[1034,1089,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="145">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2003)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
related the stages of gametogenesis with the morphology of gonodal tubules to verify the tubule recruitment model, and showed that the pattern of progressive recruitment does not necessarily depend on time; it can vary from species to species.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D33F25BFF82FF0798A71CF30F9C" box="[151,422,404,429]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Stichopodidae" genus="Isostichopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="18" pageNumber="145" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="badionotus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAA2F25BFF82FF0798A71CF30F9C" box="[151,422,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="145">Isostichopus badionotus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is considered an endangered species, with extinction along the Brazilian coast, due, among other factors, to its fishing for countries that consume holothurians (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B41F25BFF82FC309884192B0FE1" author="Amaral" box="[928,1150,439,464]" pageId="18" pageNumber="145" refString="Amaral, A. C. Z., Volkmer-Ribeiro, C., Mansur, M. C. D., Santos, S. B., Avelar, W. E. P., Mattews-Cascon, H., Leite, F. P. P., Melo, G. A. S., Coelho, P. A., Buckup, G. B., Buckup, L., Ventura, C. R. R. & Tiago, C. G. (2008) A situacao de ameaca dos invertebrados aquaticos no Brasil. In: Machado. A. B. M., Drummond G. M. & Paglia A. P. (Eds.), Livro vermelho da fauna brasileira ameacada de extincao. Ministerio do Meio Ambiente, Brasilia, pp. 156 - 351." type="book chapter" year="2008">
|
||
Amaral
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAA2F25BFF82FC6E988A196D0FE1" box="[1022,1080,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="145">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2008
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). In the Caribbean this is one of the most important species commercially.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B41F25BFF82FD2B98EF1EC10FC4" box="[699,916,476,501]" pageId="18" pageNumber="145" refString="Miceli, M. F. L. & Scott, P. C. (2005) Estimativa preliminar do estoque da holoturia Isostichopus badionotus no entorno da Ilha Grande, RJ apoiado em Sistemas de Informacao Geografica e Sensoriamento Remoto. Anais do XII Simposio Brasileiro de Sensoriamento Remoto, pp. 3659 - 3665." type="book chapter">
|
||
Miceli
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAA2F25BFF82FC9B98EE1E690FC4" box="[779,828,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="145">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. (2005)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
provided a preliminary study on the estimated stocks of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D33F25BFF82FE989B321CCA0C29" box="[264,415,511,536]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Stichopodidae" genus="Isostichopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="18" pageNumber="145" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="badionotus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAA2F25BFF82FE989B321CCA0C29" box="[264,415,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="145">I. badionotus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and indicated areas with higher density around
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F3287620F25BFF82FC5D98CC1EAC0C29" box="[973,1017,511,536]" name="Iceland" pageId="18" pageNumber="145">Ilha</collectingCountry>
|
||
Grande, Rio de Janeiro State. More studies are necessary to evaluate stocks and to propose strategies for its conservation (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAE4B41F25BFF82FBCA9B1718280C0D" author="Borrero-Perez" box="[1114,1405,548,573]" pageId="18" pageNumber="145" refString="Borrero-Perez, G. H., Benavides-Serrato, M. & Diaz-Sanchez, C. M. (2012) Equinodermos del Caribe colombiano II: Echinoidea y Holothuroidea. Serie de Publicaciones Especiales de Invemarn, 30, 1 - 250. [Santa Marta]" type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||
Borrero-Pérez
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAA2F25BFF82FA919B1618660C0C" box="[1281,1331,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="145">et al</emphasis>
|
||
. 2012
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF406638F258FF81FF079E911C9909C4" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/229190/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="144" targetBox="[202,1383,193,1931]" targetPageId="17">
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8036B0F258FF81FF079E911C9909C4" blockId="17.[151,1436,1954,2037]" pageId="17" pageNumber="144">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAA2F258FF81FF079E911C470986" bold="true" box="[151,274,1954,1976]" pageId="17" pageNumber="144">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C3F4D33F258FF81FE889E911F220989" authority="Selenka" authorityName="Selenka" box="[280,631,1954,1976]" class="Holothuroidea" family="Stichopodidae" genus="Isostichopus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aspidochirotida" pageId="17" pageNumber="144" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="badionotus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAA2F258FF81FE889E911F580989" box="[280,525,1954,1976]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="144">Isostichopus badionotus</emphasis>
|
||
(Selenka)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. A, external view, dorsal and ventral side; B, detail of the papillae of the mouth; C, animal at environment; D, calcareous ring, dorsal and ventral side; E, tables from body wall; F, curved rod from body wall; G, perforated rod; H, endplate.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8B8036B0F25BFF82FF579B741EBA0C51" blockId="18.[151,1437,151,608]" box="[199,1007,583,608]" pageId="18" pageNumber="145">
|
||
<emphasis id="B94BEAA2F25BFF82FF579B741CD60C51" bold="true" box="[199,387,583,608]" pageId="18" pageNumber="145">Ecological note.</emphasis>
|
||
Sand/mud, coral reefs and above banks of macroalgae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |