169 lines
32 KiB
XML
169 lines
32 KiB
XML
<document id="E995CD30B1289AC8DB7DB18F6B4E5109" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3931.4.4" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ea9bcb0c-2dff-44c9-b31e-a75b5e6a0645" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="238887" ID-ZooBank="C943D429-BF58-4B2D-876F-50132E650DF7" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461011568476" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Soisook, Pipat, Prajakjitr, Amron, Karapan, Sunate, Francis, Charles M. & Bates, Paul J. J." docDate="2015" docId="03BAD22DF61ED36EFF0AB768FA929310" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03931p550.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3931 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Eudiscoderma, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="20" lastPageNumber="532" masterDocId="FF83AA55F61AD36AFF9DB64AFFD69671" masterDocTitle="A new genus and species of false vampire (Chiroptera: Megadermatidae) from peninsular Thailand" masterLastPageNumber="550" masterPageNumber="528" pageNumber="532" updateTime="1698567500110" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="2EA89A69E9040F9EAE158BF195F3F0F5">A new genus and species of false vampire (Chiroptera: Megadermatidae) from peninsular Thailand</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="29C50369D7AF889AFB09CB7D3F34DF91">Soisook, Pipat</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="47BCC9F01AC43342296F138E83D33683">Prajakjitr, Amron</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B9B0EAB220337D9BB5DCBBDB31B40CE5">Karapan, Sunate</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="60A93D45E48DF1D56A58C07CDD992944">Francis, Charles M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm id="CCA7F6A3111024ADA203F4168EDD50FD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="B7BAE402A23EEDF9812A0DEA0C044270">Bates, Paul J. J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="1B3254E9A5C91C9DF49FF605CF0C114B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="462B58A726658C543DD961E208A6A625">
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<mods:date id="EF8F9830A8BD816ADC6B84BEC636DE0C">2015</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="ECBE7B84C6FE2E967BD74E125938B3A2">2015-03-16</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="8D1CF6FCC860A3F7BE43F47977DE94AA">3931</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="500A7814507E3F803F157599C062BC0A" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03BAD22DF61ED36EFF0AB768FA929310" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3860410" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119600390" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3860410" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BAD22DF61ED36EFF0AB768FA929310" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BAD22DF61ED36EFF0AB768FA929310" lastPageNumber="532" pageId="4" pageNumber="532">
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<subSubSection id="C30930B0F61ED36EFF0AB768FE6C974D" box="[151,442,290,316]" pageId="4" pageNumber="532" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BAC633BF61ED36EFF0AB768FE6C974D" blockId="4.[151,442,290,386]" box="[151,442,290,316]" pageId="4" pageNumber="532">
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<heading id="D0E4D457F61ED36EFF0AB768FE6C974D" bold="true" box="[151,442,290,316]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="532">
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<emphasis id="B967BF29F61ED36EFF0AB768FE6C974D" bold="true" box="[151,442,290,316]" pageId="4" pageNumber="532">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1318B8F61ED36EFF0AB768FE93974D" ID-CoL="7NDGY" authority="Soisook et al. 2015" box="[151,325,290,316]" class="Mammalia" family="Megadermatidae" genus="Eudiscoderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B967BF29F61ED36EFF0AB768FE93974D" bold="true" box="[151,325,290,316]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="532">Eudiscoderma</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2540252F61ED36EFED1B768FE6C974D" box="[332,442,290,316]" pageId="4" pageNumber="532" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C30930B0F61ED36EFF0AB70FFEE8972F" box="[151,318,325,350]" pageId="4" pageNumber="532" type="vernacular_names">
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<paragraph id="8BAC633BF61ED36EFF0AB70FFEE8972F" blockId="4.[151,442,290,386]" box="[151,318,325,350]" pageId="4" pageNumber="532">Disc-nosed bat</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30930B0F61ED36EFF0AB723FE6797F0" box="[151,433,361,386]" pageId="4" pageNumber="532" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BAC633BF61ED36EFF0AB723FE6797F0" blockId="4.[151,442,290,386]" box="[151,433,361,386]" pageId="4" pageNumber="532">
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<figureCitation id="13287FBEF61ED36EFF0AB723FEFA97F0" box="[151,300,361,386]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-10="FIGURE 11" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStart-4="FIGURE 5" captionStart-5="FIGURE 6" captionStart-6="FIGURE 7" captionStart-7="FIGURE 8" captionStart-8="FIGURE 9" captionStart-9="FIGURE 10" captionStartId-0="5.[151,249,1890,1912]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,250,908,930]" captionStartId-10="16.[151,249,1074,1096]" captionStartId-2="6.[151,250,1854,1876]" captionStartId-3="7.[151,249,1482,1504]" captionStartId-4="10.[151,249,1883,1905]" captionStartId-5="11.[151,249,1891,1913]" captionStartId-6="12.[151,250,1391,1413]" captionStartId-7="13.[151,249,1749,1771]" captionStartId-8="14.[151,249,1882,1904]" captionStartId-9="15.[151,249,989,1011]" captionTargetBox-0="[214,1372,414,1867]" captionTargetBox-1="[158,1436,193,879]" captionTargetBox-10="[177,1406,270,1046]" captionTargetBox-2="[346,1241,1081,1822]" captionTargetBox-3="[377,1217,205,1446]" captionTargetBox-4="[202,1379,193,1858]" captionTargetBox-5="[173,1404,193,1855]" captionTargetBox-6="[204,1382,198,1358]" captionTargetBox-7="[151,1436,381,1725]" captionTargetBox-8="[241,1356,332,1857]" captionTargetBox-9="[187,1403,193,961]" captionTargetId-0="figure@5.[214,1373,414,1868]" captionTargetId-1="figure@6.[151,1436,193,886]" captionTargetId-10="figure@16.[173,1414,265,1053]" captionTargetId-2="figure@6.[339,1247,1071,1833]" captionTargetId-3="figure@7.[356,1232,193,1461]" captionTargetId-4="figure@10.[202,1381,193,1860]" captionTargetId-5="figure@11.[173,1405,193,1856]" captionTargetId-6="figure@12.[196,1390,193,1370]" captionTargetId-7="figure@13.[151,1436,381,1727]" captionTargetId-8="figure@14.[223,1365,319,1866]" captionTargetId-9="figure@15.[183,1404,193,968]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionTargetPageId-10="16" captionTargetPageId-2="6" captionTargetPageId-3="7" captionTargetPageId-4="10" captionTargetPageId-5="11" captionTargetPageId-6="12" captionTargetPageId-7="13" captionTargetPageId-8="14" captionTargetPageId-9="15" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. The holotype (a: ♂ PSUZC-MM. 2014.157) and paratype (b: ♀ PSUZC-MM. 2014.164) of E. thongareeae gen. sp. nov. in comparison with M. lyra ♀ PSUZC-MM. 2014.160 (c) from Satun, S. Thailand, and M. spasma ♂ PSUZC-MM. 2014.163 (d) from Narathiwat, S. Thailand. Not to scale." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Type locality of E. thongareeae gen. sp. nov. and the currently known distribution of C. cor (horizontal lines), L. frons (vertical lines), M. lyra (diagonal lines, top left to bottom right), M. spasma (diagonal lines, bottom left to top right) and M. gigas (squares in Australia) based on data in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. The type localities of all synonyms are indicated and assigned to their respective species." captionText-10="FIGURE 11. Maximum likelihood tree based on mitochondrial COI gene of E. thongareeae gen. sp. nov., M. lyra, M. spasma, C. cor, with some Rhinopoma, Rhinolophus and Hipposideros as the outgroup." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Tooth terminology of the right upper (on left) and right lower (on right) first molars of Macroderma gigas (after Hand, 1985, figure 2). Abbreviations: ant, anterior; co, cristid obliqua; h, heel; hyd, hypoconid; lab, labial; mcd, metaconid; me, mesostyle; pcd, protocristid; pome, postmetacrista; popa, postparacrista; prd, protoconid; prme, premetacrista; prpa, preparacrista; tal, talonid; trig, trigonid. Drawing by PJJB." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Left upper (a) and right lower toothrows (b) of the holotype of E. thongareeae gen. sp. nov. (♂ PSUZC- MM 2014.157) from Narathiwat, S. Thailand. Scale = 5 mm. Drawings by PS." captionText-4="FIGURE 5. Occlusal views of the skulls (left) and mandibles (right) of a) M. gigas (♂ HZM. 1.20168) from Northern Territory, Australia; b) E. thongareeae gen. sp. nov. (♂ PSUZC-MM 2014.157, holotype) from Narathiwat, S. Thailand; c) M. lyra (♀ PSUZC-MM. 2014.160) from Satun, S. Thailand; d) M. spasma (♂ PSUZC-MM. 2014.163) from Narathiwat, S. Thailand; e) C. cor (♂ HZM. 12.2641) from Kenya; f) L. frons (sex not known, HZM. 26.7791) from Democratic Republic of Congo. Scale = 10 mm." captionText-5="FIGURE 6. Lateral views of the skulls and mandibles of a) M. gigas (♂ HZM. 1.20168) from Northern Territory, Australia; b) E. thongareeae gen. sp. nov. (♂ PSUZC-MM 2014.157, holotype) from Narathiwat, S. Thailand; c) M. lyra (♀ PSUZC- MM. 2014.160) from Satun, S. Thailand; d) M. spasma (♂ PSUZC-MM. 2014.163) from Narathiwat, S. Thailand; e) C. cor (♂ HZM. 12.2641) from Kenya; f) L. frons (sex not known, HZM. 26.7791) from Democratic Republic of Congo. Scale = 10 mm." captionText-6="FIGURE 7. Right upper (on left) and right lower (on right) first molars of a) M. gigas (♂ HZM. 1.20168) from Northern Territory, Australia; b) E. thongareeae gen. sp. nov. (♂ PSUZC-MM 2014.157, holotype) from Narathiwat, S. Thailand; c) M. lyra (♀ HZM. 11.39934) from from Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India; d) M. spasma (♂ HZM. 5.28163) from Sirsi, Karnataka, India; e) C. cor (♂ HZM. 12.2641) from Kenya; f) L. frons (sex not known, HZM. 26.7791) from Democratic Republic of Congo. Scale = 1 mm; ant, anterior; lab, labial. Drawings by PJJB and PS." captionText-7="FIGURE 8. Dorsal view of the skulls of a) M. gigas (♂ HZM. 1.20168) from Northern Territory, Australia; b) E. thongareeae gen. sp. nov. (♂ PSUZC-MM 2014.157, holotype) from Narathiwat, S. Thailand; c) M. lyra (♀ PSUZC-MM. 2014.160) from Satun, S. Thailand; d) M. spasma (♂ PSUZC-MM. 2014.163) from Narathiwat, S. Thailand; e) C. cor (♂ HZM. 12.2641) from Kenya; f) L. frons (sex not known, HZM. 26.7791) from Democratic Republic of Congo. Scale = 10 mm." captionText-8="FIGURE 9. The dorsal (left) and lateral view (right) of the baculum of a) M. gigas * (♂ HZM. 1.20168) from Northern Territory, Australia; b) E. thongareeae gen. sp. nov. (♂ PSUZC-MM 2014.157, holotype) from Narathiwat, S. Thailand (note that right prong is partially broken); c) M. lyra * (♂ HZM. 7.32146) from Vietnam; d) M. spasma (♂ HZM. 3.27330) from Sri Lanka; e) C. cor (♂ HZM. 61.31851) from Djibouti; f) L. frons (♂ HZM. 9.9664) from Nigeria. Scale = 1 mm. Drawings by PJJB and PS. *: the bacula of M. gigas and M. lyra comprise two separate bones, the lateral view of M. lyra was not drawn." captionText-9="FIGURE 10. Spectrograms (a, b) and power spectrum (c) of the echolocation call of E. thongareeae gen. sp. nov., ♀ PSUZC- MM. 2014.164 (paratype)." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/238888/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/238889/files/figure.png" httpUri-10="https://zenodo.org/record/238898/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/238890/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/238891/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/238892/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/238893/files/figure.png" httpUri-6="https://zenodo.org/record/238894/files/figure.png" httpUri-7="https://zenodo.org/record/238895/files/figure.png" httpUri-8="https://zenodo.org/record/238896/files/figure.png" httpUri-9="https://zenodo.org/record/238897/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="532">Figures 1–11</figureCitation>
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;
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<tableCitation id="C6915680F61ED36EFEAAB723FE6797F0" box="[311,433,361,386]" captionStart-0="TABLE 1" captionStart-1="TABLE 2" captionStartId-0="8.[125,207,604,625]" captionStartId-1="9.[119,197,551,571]" captionTargetBox-0="[137,1922,658,1626]" captionTargetBox-1="[119,1873,673,1658]" captionTargetPageId-0="8" captionTargetPageId-1="9" captionText-0="TABLE 1. Matrix summarising selected discriminating characters (dental, cranial, bacular and) of the five genera/six species of Megadermatidae currently recognised." captionText-1="TABLE 2. Selected external and craniοdental measurements (in mm) οf Macroderma gigas, E. thongareeae gen. sp. nοv., Megaderma lyra, M. spasma, C. cor and L. frons. Mean, ± SD, minimum (Min) and maximum values (Max) and sample size οf specimens examined are given (sample sizes, which differ frοm thοse indicated, are in brackets). List οf specimens examined definitiοns οf measurements are in the methοd sectiοn." httpUri-0="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6C33B3F612D362FFE0B416F9159400" httpUri-1="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6C33B3F613D363FFEAB46DFD4094F8" pageId="4" pageNumber="532" tableUuid-0="DF6C33B3F612D362FFE0B416F9159400" tableUuid-1="DF6C33B3F613D363FFEAB46DFD4094F8">Tables 1–2</tableCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30930B0F61ED36EFF0AB7FBFD1B97BB" box="[151,717,433,458]" pageId="4" pageNumber="532" type="type_taxon">
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<paragraph id="8BAC633BF61ED36EFF0AB7FBFD1B97BB" blockId="4.[151,1437,433,1377]" box="[151,717,433,458]" pageId="4" pageNumber="532">
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<emphasis id="B967BF29F61ED36EFF0AB7FBFEFD97BB" bold="true" box="[151,299,433,458]" pageId="4" pageNumber="532">
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<typeStatus id="54A8DD99F61ED36EFF0AB7FBFF0497BB" box="[151,210,433,458]" pageId="4" pageNumber="532">Type</typeStatus>
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species
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</emphasis>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C1318B8F61ED36EFEA5B7FBFDBA97B8" ID-CoL="7NDGS" box="[312,620,433,457]" class="Mammalia" family="Megadermatidae" genus="Eudiscoderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thongareeae" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="B967BF29F61ED36EFEA5B7FBFDBA97B8" box="[312,620,433,457]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="532">Eudiscoderma thongareeae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2540252F61ED36EFDE9B7FBFD1B97BB" box="[628,717,433,458]" pageId="4" pageNumber="532" rank="species">
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<emphasis id="B967BF29F61ED36EFDE9B7FBFD1B97BB" bold="true" box="[628,717,433,458]" pageId="4" pageNumber="532">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30930B0F61ED36EFF5AB79FFE4E9460" pageId="4" pageNumber="532" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="8BAC633BF61ED36EFF5AB79FFE4E9460" blockId="4.[151,1437,433,1377]" pageId="4" pageNumber="532">
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<emphasis id="B967BF29F61ED36EFF5AB79FFE98979F" bold="true" box="[199,334,469,494]" pageId="4" pageNumber="532">Etymology.</emphasis>
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The genus name is derived from the well-defined disc-shaped noseleaf of the
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<typeStatus id="54A8DD99F61ED36EFB4BB79CFAD0979F" box="[1238,1286,470,494]" pageId="4" pageNumber="532">type</typeStatus>
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species. The genus gender is neuter.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C30930B0F61ED36EFF5AB457FA929310" pageId="4" pageNumber="532" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BAC633BF61ED36EFF5AB457FC1B9428" blockId="4.[151,1437,433,1377]" pageId="4" pageNumber="532">
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<emphasis id="B967BF29F61ED36EFF5AB457FE979447" bold="true" box="[199,321,541,566]" pageId="4" pageNumber="532">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1318B8F61ED36EFED5B457FE3C9444" box="[328,490,541,565]" class="Mammalia" family="Megadermatidae" genus="Eudiscoderma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B967BF29F61ED36EFED5B457FE3C9444" box="[328,490,541,565]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="532">Eudiscoderma</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has the following unique combination of characters, which discriminates it from all other currently described genera in the family
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C1318B8F61ED36EFD03B40BFC8C942B" box="[670,858,577,602]" class="Mammalia" family="Megadermatidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Chiroptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="532" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Megadermatidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6915680F61ED36EFCF5B40BFC6A9428" box="[872,956,577,602]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="8.[125,207,604,625]" captionTargetBox="[137,1922,658,1626]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="TABLE 1. Matrix summarising selected discriminating characters (dental, cranial, bacular and) of the five genera / six species of Megadermatidae currently recognised." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF6C33B3F612D362FFE0B416F9159400" pageId="4" pageNumber="532" tableUuid="DF6C33B3F612D362FFE0B416F9159400">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAC633BF61ED36EFF5AB423FBD39510" blockId="4.[151,1437,433,1377]" pageId="4" pageNumber="532">
|
||
In the upper dentition, the first upper premolar (P2) is absent. Therefore, the dental formula is i 0/2, c 1/1, p 1/ 2, m 3/3 = 26. The upper canine is greatly enlarged, almost twice the crown area of the upper premolar (P4) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13287FBEF61ED36EFAD5B4C4FA4194D6" box="[1352,1431,654,679]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,249,1482,1504]" captionTargetBox="[377,1217,205,1446]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[356,1232,193,1461]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Left upper (a) and right lower toothrows (b) of the holotype of E. thongareeae gen. sp. nov. (♂ PSUZC- MM 2014.157) from Narathiwat, S. Thailand. Scale = 5 mm. Drawings by PS." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238891/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="532">Figs. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13287FBEF61ED36EFF0AB4F9FF7394BD" box="[151,165,691,716]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,249,1883,1905]" captionTargetBox="[202,1379,193,1858]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[202,1381,193,1860]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Occlusal views of the skulls (left) and mandibles (right) of a) M. gigas (♂ HZM. 1.20168) from Northern Territory, Australia; b) E. thongareeae gen. sp. nov. (♂ PSUZC-MM 2014.157, holotype) from Narathiwat, S. Thailand; c) M. lyra (♀ PSUZC-MM. 2014.160) from Satun, S. Thailand; d) M. spasma (♂ PSUZC-MM. 2014.163) from Narathiwat, S. Thailand; e) C. cor (♂ HZM. 12.2641) from Kenya; f) L. frons (sex not known, HZM. 26.7791) from Democratic Republic of Congo. Scale = 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238892/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="532">5</figureCitation>
|
||
b), and more than twice the height (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13287FBEF61ED36EFDDCB4F9FD5194BD" box="[577,647,691,716]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,249,1891,1913]" captionTargetBox="[173,1404,193,1855]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[173,1405,193,1856]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Lateral views of the skulls and mandibles of a) M. gigas (♂ HZM. 1.20168) from Northern Territory, Australia; b) E. thongareeae gen. sp. nov. (♂ PSUZC-MM 2014.157, holotype) from Narathiwat, S. Thailand; c) M. lyra (♀ PSUZC- MM. 2014.160) from Satun, S. Thailand; d) M. spasma (♂ PSUZC-MM. 2014.163) from Narathiwat, S. Thailand; e) C. cor (♂ HZM. 12.2641) from Kenya; f) L. frons (sex not known, HZM. 26.7791) from Democratic Republic of Congo. Scale = 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238893/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="532">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
b); it is without a discrete anterolingual cingular cusp but has a large posterior accessory cusp, which is attached for most of its length to the main cusp and is about equal in height to the upper premolar (P4). In the first upper molar (M1), the preparacrista is subequal in length to the postmetacrista, which is not elongated; the mesostyles of both M1 and M2 are well developed; the mesostyle of M1 is situated labially as both the postparacrista and premetacrista are not shortened (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13287FBEF61ED36EFC2FB502FC219510" box="[946,1015,840,865]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1391,1413]" captionTargetBox="[204,1382,198,1358]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[196,1390,193,1370]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 7. Right upper (on left) and right lower (on right) first molars of a) M. gigas (♂ HZM. 1.20168) from Northern Territory, Australia; b) E. thongareeae gen. sp. nov. (♂ PSUZC-MM 2014.157, holotype) from Narathiwat, S. Thailand; c) M. lyra (♀ HZM. 11.39934) from from Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India; d) M. spasma (♂ HZM. 5.28163) from Sirsi, Karnataka, India; e) C. cor (♂ HZM. 12.2641) from Kenya; f) L. frons (sex not known, HZM. 26.7791) from Democratic Republic of Congo. Scale = 1 mm; ant, anterior; lab, labial. Drawings by PJJB and PS." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238894/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="532">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAC633BF61ED36EFF5AB527FCF99588" blockId="4.[151,1437,433,1377]" pageId="4" pageNumber="532">
|
||
In the lower dentition, the canine (C1) has a well defined cingulum but is without an anterolingual cingular cusp. The first premolar (P2) is noticeably large and rounded, equal to or exceeding, the crown area of the more rectangular second lower premolar (P4) (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13287FBEF61ED36EFDC0B5F0FD7A95A3" box="[605,684,954,979]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,249,1482,1504]" captionTargetBox="[377,1217,205,1446]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[356,1232,193,1461]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Left upper (a) and right lower toothrows (b) of the holotype of E. thongareeae gen. sp. nov. (♂ PSUZC- MM 2014.157) from Narathiwat, S. Thailand. Scale = 5 mm. Drawings by PS." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238891/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="532">Figs. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13287FBEF61ED36EFD25B5F0FD1095A2" box="[696,710,954,979]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,249,1883,1905]" captionTargetBox="[202,1379,193,1858]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[202,1381,193,1860]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Occlusal views of the skulls (left) and mandibles (right) of a) M. gigas (♂ HZM. 1.20168) from Northern Territory, Australia; b) E. thongareeae gen. sp. nov. (♂ PSUZC-MM 2014.157, holotype) from Narathiwat, S. Thailand; c) M. lyra (♀ PSUZC-MM. 2014.160) from Satun, S. Thailand; d) M. spasma (♂ PSUZC-MM. 2014.163) from Narathiwat, S. Thailand; e) C. cor (♂ HZM. 12.2641) from Kenya; f) L. frons (sex not known, HZM. 26.7791) from Democratic Republic of Congo. Scale = 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238892/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="532">5</figureCitation>
|
||
b). In the first and second molars (M1 and M2), the crown area of the talonid is about two-thirds that of the trigonid (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13287FBEF61ED36EFD52B5AAFCC49588" box="[719,786,992,1017]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1391,1413]" captionTargetBox="[204,1382,198,1358]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[196,1390,193,1370]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 7. Right upper (on left) and right lower (on right) first molars of a) M. gigas (♂ HZM. 1.20168) from Northern Territory, Australia; b) E. thongareeae gen. sp. nov. (♂ PSUZC-MM 2014.157, holotype) from Narathiwat, S. Thailand; c) M. lyra (♀ HZM. 11.39934) from from Madurai, Tamil Nadu, India; d) M. spasma (♂ HZM. 5.28163) from Sirsi, Karnataka, India; e) C. cor (♂ HZM. 12.2641) from Kenya; f) L. frons (sex not known, HZM. 26.7791) from Democratic Republic of Congo. Scale = 1 mm; ant, anterior; lab, labial. Drawings by PJJB and PS." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238894/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="532">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
b).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAC633BF61ED36EFF5AB24CFE6A9217" blockId="4.[151,1437,433,1377]" pageId="4" pageNumber="532">
|
||
In the skull, the rostrum has a pronounced depression but is without an expanded frontal shield or preorbital or postorbital processes (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13287FBEF61ED36EFE0CB262FE029230" box="[401,468,1064,1089]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="13.[151,249,1749,1771]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,381,1725]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,381,1727]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 8. Dorsal view of the skulls of a) M. gigas (♂ HZM. 1.20168) from Northern Territory, Australia; b) E. thongareeae gen. sp. nov. (♂ PSUZC-MM 2014.157, holotype) from Narathiwat, S. Thailand; c) M. lyra (♀ PSUZC-MM. 2014.160) from Satun, S. Thailand; d) M. spasma (♂ PSUZC-MM. 2014.163) from Narathiwat, S. Thailand; e) C. cor (♂ HZM. 12.2641) from Kenya; f) L. frons (sex not known, HZM. 26.7791) from Democratic Republic of Congo. Scale = 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238895/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="532">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
|
||
b). The sagittal crest is well developed. The coronoid process of each half mandible is greatly enlarged (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13287FBEF61ED36EFEC6B207FE489217" box="[347,414,1101,1126]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,249,1891,1913]" captionTargetBox="[173,1404,193,1855]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[173,1405,193,1856]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Lateral views of the skulls and mandibles of a) M. gigas (♂ HZM. 1.20168) from Northern Territory, Australia; b) E. thongareeae gen. sp. nov. (♂ PSUZC-MM 2014.157, holotype) from Narathiwat, S. Thailand; c) M. lyra (♀ PSUZC- MM. 2014.160) from Satun, S. Thailand; d) M. spasma (♂ PSUZC-MM. 2014.163) from Narathiwat, S. Thailand; e) C. cor (♂ HZM. 12.2641) from Kenya; f) L. frons (sex not known, HZM. 26.7791) from Democratic Republic of Congo. Scale = 10 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238893/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="532">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
b).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAC633BF61ED36EFF5AB23AFAB692DF" blockId="4.[151,1437,433,1377]" pageId="4" pageNumber="532">
|
||
The baculum is Y-shaped with two small but distinct prongs, which represent about 25% of the baculum length, which is
|
||
<quantity id="4CEBCEDEF61ED36EFECDB2DFFE7092DC" box="[336,422,1173,1197]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="4" pageNumber="532" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.1 mm</quantity>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13287FBEF61ED36EFE28B2DFFE2E92DF" box="[437,504,1173,1198]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="14.[151,249,1882,1904]" captionTargetBox="[241,1356,332,1857]" captionTargetId="figure@14.[223,1365,319,1866]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIGURE 9. The dorsal (left) and lateral view (right) of the baculum of a) M. gigas * (♂ HZM. 1.20168) from Northern Territory, Australia; b) E. thongareeae gen. sp. nov. (♂ PSUZC-MM 2014.157, holotype) from Narathiwat, S. Thailand (note that right prong is partially broken); c) M. lyra * (♂ HZM. 7.32146) from Vietnam; d) M. spasma (♂ HZM. 3.27330) from Sri Lanka; e) C. cor (♂ HZM. 61.31851) from Djibouti; f) L. frons (♂ HZM. 9.9664) from Nigeria. Scale = 1 mm. Drawings by PJJB and PS. *: the bacula of M. gigas and M. lyra comprise two separate bones, the lateral view of M. lyra was not drawn." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238896/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="532">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||
b). The shaft is slightly curved and there is a depression on its ventral surface.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAC633BF61ED36EFF5AB2F3FABF934C" blockId="4.[151,1437,433,1377]" pageId="4" pageNumber="532">
|
||
In external morphology, the posterior noseleaf is relatively short, erect and rounded; the longitudinal ridge is slightly convex in the mid-part and with a heart-shaped base; it resembles a ‘down arrow’; the anterior noseleaf is similar in width to the posterior noseleaf but is shorter (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13287FBEF61ED36EFC98B34AFC929368" box="[773,836,1280,1305]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,249,1890,1912]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,414,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[214,1373,414,1868]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. The holotype (a: ♂ PSUZC-MM. 2014.157) and paratype (b: ♀ PSUZC-MM. 2014.164) of E. thongareeae gen. sp. nov. in comparison with M. lyra ♀ PSUZC-MM. 2014.160 (c) from Satun, S. Thailand, and M. spasma ♂ PSUZC-MM. 2014.163 (d) from Narathiwat, S. Thailand. Not to scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238888/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="532">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
b). In the interfemoral membrane, the principal blood vessel that runs from each ankle merges with the middle vertical vessel some
|
||
<quantity id="4CEBCEDEF61ED36EFC60B36FFB9A934C" box="[1021,1100,1317,1342]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="532" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
|
||
below the anus (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13287FBEF61ED36EFA97B36FFA9F934C" box="[1290,1353,1317,1342]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="5.[151,249,1890,1912]" captionTargetBox="[214,1372,414,1867]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[214,1373,414,1868]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 1. The holotype (a: ♂ PSUZC-MM. 2014.157) and paratype (b: ♀ PSUZC-MM. 2014.164) of E. thongareeae gen. sp. nov. in comparison with M. lyra ♀ PSUZC-MM. 2014.160 (c) from Satun, S. Thailand, and M. spasma ♂ PSUZC-MM. 2014.163 (d) from Narathiwat, S. Thailand. Not to scale." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/238888/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="532">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
a).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BAC633BF61ED36EFF5AB303FA929310" blockId="4.[151,1437,433,1377]" box="[199,1348,1352,1377]" pageId="4" pageNumber="532">As the genus is believed to be monotypic, the description below may serve for both genus and species.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |