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<mods:title id="EA9F2C56B25925202EB9D5B102F21D8F">Fourteen new generic and ten new specific synonymies in Pholcidae (Araneae), and transfer of Mystes Bristowe to Filistatidae</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="4C6934A380652804FF51FC20FDA7067F" ID-CoL="4GL4X" authority="Strand, 1907" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1907" box="[151,555,1022,1048]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fragillimus">
<emphasis id="B91D933280652804FF51FC20FDA7067F" bold="true" box="[151,555,1022,1048]" pageId="7" pageNumber="420">
<emphasis id="B91D933280652804FF51FC20FE09067F" bold="true" box="[151,389,1022,1048]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="420">Pholcus fragillimus</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C6934A380652804FF51FB9BFD94063C" ID-CoL="4GL4X" authority="Strand, 1907: 126" authorityName="Strand" authorityPageNumber="126" authorityYear="1907" box="[151,536,1093,1115]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fragillimus">
<emphasis id="B91D933280652804FF51FB9BFED2063C" box="[151,350,1093,1115]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="420">Pholcus fragillimus</emphasis>
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: 126
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128 (♂♀).
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF832D180652804FD53FB9BFC90063C" author="Huber" box="[661,796,1093,1115]" pageId="7" pageNumber="420" refString="Huber, B. A. (2011 a) Revision and cladistic analysis of Pholcus and closely related taxa (Araneae, Pholcidae). Bonner zoologische Monographien, 58, 1 - 509." type="journal article" year="2011" yearSuffix="a">Huber 2011a</bibRefCitation>
: 415
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417, figs.
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,
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,
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(♂♀).
<taxonomicName id="4C6934A380652804FF51FBBAFDAF061D" ID-CoL="4GL8S" authority="Irie, 2002: 141" authorityName="Irie" authorityPageNumber="141" authorityYear="2002" box="[151,547,1124,1146]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="okinawaensis">
<emphasis id="B91D933280652804FF51FBBAFEF7061D" box="[151,379,1124,1146]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="420">Pholcus okinawaensis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF832D180652804FE43FBBAFE7C061D" author="Irie" box="[389,496,1124,1146]" pageId="7" pageNumber="420" refString="Irie, T. (2002) Two new species of the genera Pholcus and Spermophora (Araneae: Pholcidae) from the Nansei Islands, Japan. Acta arachnologica, 51 (2), 141 - 144. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2476 / asjaa. 51.141" type="journal article" year="2002">Irie, 2002</bibRefCitation>
: 141
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143, figs. 17 (♂♀).
<treatmentCitation id="0AC8693180652804FCD3FBBAFC23061D" author="Irie" box="[789,943,1124,1146]" page="108" pageId="7" pageNumber="420" year="2009">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF832D180652804FCD3FBBAFCF6061D" author="Irie" box="[789,890,1124,1146]" pageId="7" pageNumber="420" refString="Irie, T. (2009) Pholcidae. In: Ono, H. (Ed.), The Spiders of Japan, with Keys to the Families and Genera and Illustrations of the Species. Tokai Univ. Press, Kanagawa, pp. 106 - 111, pls. 4 - 5." type="book chapter" year="2009">Irie 2009</bibRefCitation>
: 108
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, figs. (
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) 2123. Synonymized by
<bibRefCitation id="EFF832D180652804FA9AFBBAFE9B06FF" author="Huber" pageId="7" pageNumber="420" refString="Huber, B. A. (2011 a) Revision and cladistic analysis of Pholcus and closely related taxa (Araneae, Pholcidae). Bonner zoologische Monographien, 58, 1 - 509." type="journal article" year="2011" yearSuffix="a">Huber (2011a)</bibRefCitation>
.
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<taxonomicName id="4C6934A380652804FF51FB7FFDBB06D1" ID-CoL="4GKZT" authority="Peng &amp; Zhang, 2011: 1" authorityName="Peng &amp; Zhang" authorityPageNumber="1" authorityYear="2011" box="[151,567,1185,1207]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="acerosus">
<emphasis id="B91D933280652804FF51FB7FFEC406D0" box="[151,328,1185,1207]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="420">Pholcus acerosus</emphasis>
<treatmentCitation id="0AC8693180652804FE88FB7CFDBB06D1" author="Peng" box="[334,567,1185,1207]" page="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="420" year="2011">
<bibRefCitation id="EFF832D180652804FE88FB7CFDAF06D1" author="Peng" box="[334,547,1185,1207]" pageId="7" pageNumber="420" refString="Peng, Y. &amp; Zhang, F. (2011) A new species of the genus Pholcus Walckenaer, 1805 (Araneae, Pholcidae) from Hainan Island, China. ISRN Zoology, 2011, 1 - 3. [Article ID 345606] http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5402 / 2011 / 345606" type="journal article" year="2011">Peng &amp; Zhang, 2011</bibRefCitation>
: 1
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3, figs. 1ag (♂♀);
<emphasis id="B91D933280652804FCC8FB7FFC3E06D0" bold="true" box="[782,946,1185,1207]" pageId="7" pageNumber="420">new synonymy.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B91D933280652804FF51FB3DFE5E069B" bold="true" box="[151,466,1251,1276]" pageId="7" pageNumber="420">Justification of synonymy.</emphasis>
Peng &amp; Zhangs (2011) drawings show most of the distinctive characters of
<taxonomicName id="4C6934A380652804FA84FB3AFE9E0747" ID-CoL="4GL4X" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fragillimus">
<emphasis id="B91D933280652804FA84FB3AFE9E0747" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="420">Pholcus fragillimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(three pairs of frontal apophyses on male chelicerae; large scales on uncus; male palpal tarsus elongation; procursus shape; long hairs on high male ocular area; epigynum shape; see also figs.
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in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF832D180652804FF51FA91FEA1070F" author="Huber" box="[151,301,1359,1384]" pageId="7" pageNumber="420" refString="Huber, B. A. (2011 a) Revision and cladistic analysis of Pholcus and closely related taxa (Araneae, Pholcidae). Bonner zoologische Monographien, 58, 1 - 509." type="journal article" year="2011" yearSuffix="a">Huber 2011a</bibRefCitation>
). A re-examination (by BAH) of
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1♀
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of
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<emphasis id="B91D933280652804FC56FA8EFBDA070F" box="[912,1110,1360,1384]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="420">Pholcus acerosus</emphasis>
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(from Hainan Island,
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; deposited in MHBU) also revealed the presence of the distinctive semitransparent process on the appendix.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B91D933280652804FF51FA47FF5F07D7" box="[151,211,1433,1456]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="420">Note.</emphasis>
Strands (1907) description of
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<emphasis id="B91D933280652804FDF9FA46FC9207D7" box="[575,798,1432,1456]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="420">Pholcus fragillimus</emphasis>
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is based on specimens from
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, it is written in
<collectingCountry id="F37E0FB080652804FF51FA62FF7807B3" box="[151,244,1468,1492]" name="Germany" pageId="7" pageNumber="420">German</collectingCountry>
, and it provides no illustrations.
<bibRefCitation id="EFF832D180652804FDBEFA62FD7807B3" author="Irie" box="[632,756,1468,1493]" pageId="7" pageNumber="420" refString="Irie, T. (2002) Two new species of the genera Pholcus and Spermophora (Araneae: Pholcidae) from the Nansei Islands, Japan. Acta arachnologica, 51 (2), 141 - 144. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2476 / asjaa. 51.141" type="journal article" year="2002">Irie (2002)</bibRefCitation>
was the first to provide illustrations, but he also failed to recognize the species and created a synonym (
<taxonomicName id="4C6934A380652804FD72FA3EFC3C079F" ID-CoL="4GL8S" box="[692,944,1504,1528]" class="Arachnida" family="Pholcidae" genus="Pholcus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="420" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="okinawaensis">
<emphasis id="B91D933280652804FD72FA3EFC3C079F" box="[692,944,1504,1528]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="420">Pholcus okinawaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). It was only in the same year of Peng &amp; Zhangs publication that the identity of
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<emphasis id="B91D933280652804FDAEF9DAFCC4047B" box="[616,840,1540,1564]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="420">Pholcus fragillimus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
became finally known (
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). It is widely distributed in southern and eastern Asia (fig.
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).
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