1042 lines
123 KiB
XML
1042 lines
123 KiB
XML
<document id="FB2887132D8FACE55790D317BC9C713B" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.190713" ID-GBIF-Dataset="d72af0d0-966b-4f4c-a2df-b9dcb43f94b6" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="190713" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1461116888560" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Funk, Chris & Cannatella, David C." docDate="2009" docId="03C087C3FFF6FF9256D8F95181BF4C3E" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02247p050.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2247" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Chiasmocleis devriesi Funk & Cannatella, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="46" masterDocId="FFF9FFBBFFF7FF9B564FFFB6833B4F54" masterDocTitle="A new, large species of Chiasmocleis Méhelÿ 1904 (Anura: Microhylidae) from the Iquitos region, Amazonian Peru" masterLastPageNumber="50" masterPageNumber="37" pageNumber="38" updateTime="1698595318197" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:titleInfo id="6804A71A6B3AC218F4AE399B83412959">
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<mods:title id="4A90A6D78705A41394C5E0C551D7E5D0">A new, large species of Chiasmocleis Méhelÿ 1904 (Anura: Microhylidae) from the Iquitos region, Amazonian Peru</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="828D0ABFD6E151CAD12DD4A0F7CE3AD1" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="283C27A644DD1A6161684B0E004EF59D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="21A923C59AD56371C7B51E6523901D18">Funk, Chris</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="B60F0FB7239D9AE70E69578087E021B7" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="866637F3EA2DB49AEE9192F4BA0D01F3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="C7CB73C1BC1EE9CF269E8195BDB42859">Cannatella, David C.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="E9D8D1247CD40AFF34778BA40172F999">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="E708781450A635B62E40C32DB5953C9D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="153C1DEF77F5C542C5521DA52D07BB7F">
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<mods:date id="FFD3C08C65F0C1D1553A8B3EEF27C782">2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="6A53CAD40DCEFB56C2F0A8EC4872DBB9" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="CC36964AAAB39A38E9B21FC6C34A9CBF">2247</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="83249685CE6A2225A07CCAE704A31CF9">37</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="1949D18907CB6DEF4036588B6CAB6259">50</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="411A5811284726A00523D3BB5A858A3C">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="2F8637D7795F69D3CA5FED5F73753DB0" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.190713</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C36984857DBFA68CAE20963F40F1AD8F" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="C391A41D775BCF280DAFC02AB86F0709" type="Zenodo-Dep">190713</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03C087C3FFF6FF9256D8F95181BF4C3E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5697764" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119625004" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5697764" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03C087C3FFF6FF9256D8F95181BF4C3E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03C087C3FFF6FF9256D8F95181BF4C3E" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="1" pageNumber="38">
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<subSubSection id="C373655EFFF6FF9A56D8F951823F4871" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BD636D5FFF6FF9A56D8F951800F4855" blockId="1.[151,820,1767,1829]" box="[151,820,1767,1793]" pageId="1" pageNumber="38">
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<heading id="D09E81B9FFF6FF9A56D8F951800F4855" bold="true" box="[151,820,1767,1793]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF6FF9A56D8F951800F4855" bold="true" box="[151,820,1767,1793]" pageId="1" pageNumber="38">
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<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF6FF9A56D8F95181AC4855" ID-CoL="TZ25" authority="Funk & Cannatella" authorityName="Funk & Cannatella" box="[151,663,1767,1793]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="devriesi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF6FF9A56D8F95182A04855" bold="true" box="[151,411,1767,1793]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="38">Chiasmocleis devriesi</emphasis>
|
||
Funk & Cannatella
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22E57BCFFF6FF9A54EBF951800F4855" box="[676,820,1767,1793]" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BD636D5FFF6FF9A56D8F8BD823F4871" blockId="1.[151,820,1767,1829]" box="[151,260,1803,1829]" pageId="1" pageNumber="38">
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||
<figureCitation id="13522A50FFF6FF9A56D8F8BD83DC4871" box="[151,231,1803,1829]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[238,1348,194,1858]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[238,1349,194,1858]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Dorsal (above) and ventral (below) views of the holotype of Chiasmocleis devriesi in life (MHNSM 21540, adult female; SVL = 42.2 mm). Photos by W. Chris Funk." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190714/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="38">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="13522A50FFF6FF9A56BAF8BD823F4871" box="[245,260,1803,1829]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1652,1676]" captionTargetBox="[238,1348,197,1626]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[238,1348,197,1627]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Computed Tomography (CT) scan of the holotype of Chiasmocleis devriesi (MHNSM 21540, adult female; SVL = 42.2 mm), showing dorsal (above) and ventral (below) views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190715/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="38">2</figureCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C373655EFFF6FF9A56D8F8E182E848B2" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636D5FFF6FF9A56D8F8E182E848B2" blockId="1.[151,1436,1879,2022]" pageId="1" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF6FF9A56D8F8E1822B4825" bold="true" box="[151,272,1879,1905]" pageId="1" pageNumber="38">
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D28877FFF6FF9A56D8F8E182304825" box="[151,267,1879,1905]" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED78AE10FFF6FF9A5758F8EE82BD4826" box="[279,390,1880,1906]" pageId="1" pageNumber="38">MHNSM</collectionCode>
|
||
21540, adult female, collected at the Amazon Conservatory for Tropical Studies (
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED78AE10FFF6FF9A530AF8EE86A84826" box="[1349,1427,1880,1906]" pageId="1" pageNumber="38">ACTS</collectionCode>
|
||
) Field Station, Departamento de Loreto,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37E7645FFF6FF9A5425F8C8819848CC" box="[618,675,1918,1944]" name="Peru" pageId="1" pageNumber="38">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B30FFF6FF9A54E0F8C881C148CC" box="[687,762,1918,1944]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" unit="km" value="65.0">65 km</quantity>
|
||
NE of Iquitos,
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B30FFF6FF9A55FEF8C880D648CC" box="[945,1005,1918,1944]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" unit="km" value="1.0">1 km</quantity>
|
||
N of the Río Napo, and
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B30FFF6FF9A535FF8C8865948CC" box="[1296,1378,1918,1944]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" unit="km" value="1.3">1.3 km</quantity>
|
||
SSE of the
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED78AE10FFF6FF9A56ABF813821448EB" box="[228,303,1957,1983]" pageId="1" pageNumber="38">ACTS</collectionCode>
|
||
Field Station (3˚15'34" S, 72˚54'10" W,
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B30FFF6FF9A555BF813805B48EB" box="[788,864,1957,1983]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.02" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" unit="m" value="102.0">102 m</quantity>
|
||
elevation),
|
||
<date id="FFD71015FFF6FF9A55A1F81387B648EB" box="[1006,1165,1957,1983]" pageId="1" pageNumber="38" value="2004-05-30">30 May 2004</date>
|
||
by W. Chris Funk and Claudia P. Torres-Gastello.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF16665DFFF5FF9956D8F8EC803A48C0" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190714/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" targetBox="[238,1348,194,1858]" targetPageId="2">
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||
<paragraph id="8BD636D5FFF5FF9956D8F8EC803A48C0" blockId="2.[151,1436,1882,1940]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF5FF9956D8F8EC82224826" bold="true" box="[151,281,1882,1906]" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal (above) and ventral (below) views of the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF5FF9955E8F8EC87A94825" box="[935,1170,1882,1905]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="2" pageNumber="39" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="devriesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF5FF9955E8F8EC87A94825" box="[935,1170,1882,1905]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="39">Chiasmocleis devriesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in life (MHNSM 21540, adult female; SVL = 42.2 mm). Photos by W. Chris Funk.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="DF16665DFFF4FF9856D8FF2187944FA0" ID-Table-UUID="DF16665DFFF4FF9856D8FF2187944FA0" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF16665DFFF4FF9856D8FF2187944FA0" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" targetBox="[151,1437,271,2022]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="3">
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||
<paragraph id="8BD636D5FFF4FF9856D8FF2187944FA0" blockId="3.[151,1437,151,244]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF4FF9856D8FF21822B4FFB" bold="true" box="[151,272,151,175]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
|
||
Geographic range and morphological characteristics of microhylid frogs found in the western Amazon lowlands (of Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, western Brazil, and Bolivia). Head shape is in dorsal view. * = sex of measured holotype was not specified in the original description of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF4FF9854BEFF6B87904FA0" authority="Dunn 1949" authorityName="Dunn" authorityYear="1949" box="[753,1195,221,244]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shudikarensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF4FF9854BEFF6B87234FA0" box="[753,1048,221,244]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Chiasmocleis shudikarensis</emphasis>
|
||
(Dunn 1949)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636D5FFF4FF9856D0FEB9864548F8" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<table id="F969C475FFF4006456D8FEB986A648B2" box="[151,1437,271,2022]" gridcols="9" gridrows="20" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<tr id="35593497FFF4006456D8FEB986A64E16" box="[151,1437,271,322]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<th id="76885DEBFFF4006456D8FEB9824C4E16" box="[151,375,271,322]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Species</th>
|
||
<th id="76885DEBFFF4006457C8FEB980354E16" box="[391,782,271,322]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Range</th>
|
||
<th id="76885DEBFFF400645553FEB980634E16" box="[796,856,271,322]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">3 SVL</th>
|
||
<th id="76885DEBFFF400645521FEB980904E16" box="[878,939,271,322]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Ƥ SVL</th>
|
||
<th id="76885DEBFFF40064558FFEB987094E16" box="[960,1074,271,322]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Head shape</th>
|
||
<th id="76885DEBFFF40064520EFEB987834E16" box="[1089,1208,271,322]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">F o ot webbing</th>
|
||
<th id="76885DEBFFF400645288FEB986284E16" box="[1223,1299,271,322]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Occip. fold</th>
|
||
<th id="76885DEBFFF40064536CFEB986644E16" box="[1315,1375,271,322]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Tymp.</th>
|
||
<th id="76885DEBFFF40064533DFEB986A64E16" box="[1394,1437,271,322]" gridcol="8" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">N o. toes</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35593497FFF4006456D8FEE086A64EDC" box="[151,1437,342,392]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<th id="76885DEBFFF4006456D8FEE0824C4EDC" box="[151,375,342,392]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF4FF9856D0FEE082244EDC" authority="Zweifel 1986" authorityName="Zweifel" authorityYear="1986" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Adelastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hylonomos">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF4FF9856D0FEE082524E3F" box="[159,361,342,363]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Adelastes hylonomos</emphasis>
|
||
Zweifel 1986
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF4006457C8FEE080354EDC" box="[391,782,342,392]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">St a t e o f A ma z on a s i n so u t h e r n Venezuela</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645553FEE080634EDC" box="[796,856,342,392]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">25-29</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645521FEE080904EDC" box="[878,939,342,392]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">?</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064558FFEE087094EDC" box="[960,1074,342,392]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Rounded</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064520EFEE087834EDC" box="[1089,1208,342,392]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">None</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645288FEE086284EDC" box="[1223,1299,342,392]" gridcol="6" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064536CFEE086644EDC" box="[1315,1375,342,392]" gridcol="7" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064533DFEE086A64EDC" box="[1394,1437,342,392]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35593497FFF4006456D8FE2C86A64EBE" box="[151,1437,410,490]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<th id="76885DEBFFF4006456D8FE2C824C4EBE" box="[151,375,410,490]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF4FF9856D0FE2C83F44E98" authority="Wild 1995" authorityName="Wild" authorityYear="1995" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Altigius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="alios">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF4FF9856D0FE2C82254EFB" box="[159,286,410,431]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Altigius alios</emphasis>
|
||
Wild 1995
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF4006457C8FE2C80354EBE" box="[391,782,410,490]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Departamento de Madre de Dios in southeastern Peru and northeastern Bolivia</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645553FE2C80634EBE" box="[796,856,410,490]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">49.5</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645521FE2C80904EBE" box="[878,939,410,490]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">?</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064558FFE2C87094EBE" box="[960,1074,410,490]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Rounded</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064520EFE2C87834EBE" box="[1089,1208,410,490]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Extensive</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645288FE2C86284EBE" box="[1223,1299,410,490]" gridcol="6" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">+</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064536CFE2C86644EBE" box="[1315,1375,410,490]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064533DFE2C86A64EBE" box="[1394,1437,410,490]" gridcol="8" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35593497FFF4006456D8FE4D86A64D1F" box="[151,1437,507,587]" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<th id="76885DEBFFF4006456D8FE4D824C4D1F" box="[151,375,507,587]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF4FF9856D0FE4D83F44D1F" authority="Walker & Duellman 1974" authorityName="Walker & Duellman" authorityYear="1974" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anatipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF4FF9856D0FE4D824F4D44" box="[159,372,507,528]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Chiasmocleis anatipes</emphasis>
|
||
Walker & Duellman 1974
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF4006457C8FE4D80354D1F" box="[391,782,507,587]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Eastern Ecuador, northeastern Peru</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645553FE4D80634D1F" box="[796,856,507,587]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">18–20</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645521FE4D80904D1F" box="[878,939,507,587]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">25–30</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064558FFE4D87094D1F" box="[960,1074,507,587]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Rounded</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064520EFE4D87834D1F" box="[1089,1208,507,587]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Extensive</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645288FE4D86284D1F" box="[1223,1299,507,587]" gridcol="6" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064536CFE4D86644D1F" box="[1315,1375,507,587]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064533DFE4D86A64D1F" box="[1394,1437,507,587]" gridcol="8" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35593497FFF4006456D8FDEA86A64D9D" box="[151,1437,604,713]" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<th id="76885DEBFFF4006456D8FDEA824C4D9D" box="[151,375,604,713]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF4FF9856D0FDEA820F4DDA" authority="Peloso & Sturaro 2008" authorityName="Peloso & Sturaro" authorityYear="2008" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="avilapiresae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF4FF9856D0FDEA82144D25" box="[159,303,604,625]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">C. avilapiresae</emphasis>
|
||
Peloso & Sturaro 2008
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF4006457C8FDEA80354D9D" box="[391,782,604,713]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Amazonian Brazil south of Amazon River</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645553FDEA80634D9D" box="[796,856,604,713]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">22–27</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645521FDEA80904D9D" box="[878,939,604,713]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">24–38</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064558FFDEA87094D9D" box="[960,1074,604,713]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Triangular</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064520EFDEA87834D9D" box="[1089,1208,604,713]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">E xt e ns i ve i n m al es; b as al i n females</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645288FDEA86284D9D" box="[1223,1299,604,713]" gridcol="6" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064536CFDEA86644D9D" box="[1315,1375,604,713]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064533DFDEA86A64D9D" box="[1394,1437,604,713]" gridcol="8" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35593497FFF4006456D8FD6C86A64C59" box="[151,1437,730,781]" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<th id="76885DEBFFF4006456D8FD6C824C4C59" box="[151,375,730,781]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF4FF9856D0FD6D824C4DBB" authority="Dunn 1949" authorityName="Dunn" authorityYear="1949" box="[159,375,730,752]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bassleri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF4FF9856D0FD6D823C4DA4" box="[159,263,731,752]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">C. bassleri</emphasis>
|
||
Dunn 1949
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF4006457C8FD6C80354C59" box="[391,782,730,781]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Amazonian Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, and adjacent Brazil and Colombia</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645553FD6C80634C59" box="[796,856,730,781]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">17–22</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645521FD6C80904C59" box="[878,939,730,781]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">20–28</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064558FFD6C87094C59" box="[960,1074,730,781]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Rounded</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064520EFD6C87834C59" box="[1089,1208,730,781]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">None</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645288FD6C86284C59" box="[1223,1299,730,781]" gridcol="6" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064536CFD6C86644C59" box="[1315,1375,730,781]" gridcol="7" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064533DFD6C86A64C59" box="[1394,1437,730,781]" gridcol="8" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35593497FFF4006456D8FCA886A64C05" box="[151,1437,798,849]" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<th id="76885DEBFFF4006456D8FCA8824C4C05" box="[151,375,798,849]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF4FF9856D0FCA8823C4C67" box="[159,263,798,819]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="devriesi" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF4FF9856D0FCA8823C4C67" box="[159,263,798,819]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">C. devriesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A22E57BCFFF4FF985743FCA882634C67" box="[268,344,798,819]" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF4006457C8FCA880354C05" box="[391,782,798,849]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Near Iquitos, Departamento de Loreto, northeastern Peru</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645553FCA880634C05" box="[796,856,798,849]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">?</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645521FCA880904C05" box="[878,939,798,849]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">42</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064558FFCA887094C05" box="[960,1074,798,849]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Moderately pointed</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064520EFCA887834C05" box="[1089,1208,798,849]" gridcol="5" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">B a s a l i n females</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645288FCA886284C05" box="[1223,1299,798,849]" gridcol="6" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064536CFCA886644C05" box="[1315,1375,798,849]" gridcol="7" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064533DFCA886A64C05" box="[1394,1437,798,849]" gridcol="8" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35593497FFF4006456D8FCD486A64CC0" box="[151,1437,866,916]" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<th id="76885DEBFFF4006456D8FCD4824C4CC0" box="[151,375,866,916]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF4FF9856D0FCD4820B4CC0" authority="Moravec & Kohler 2007" authorityName="Moravec & Kohler" authorityYear="2007" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magnova">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF4FF9856D0FCD482284C23" box="[159,275,866,887]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">C. magnova</emphasis>
|
||
Moravec & Köhler 2007
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF4006457C8FCD480354CC0" box="[391,782,866,916]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Near Iquitos, in Loreto, northeastern Peru</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645553FCD480634CC0" box="[796,856,866,916]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">?</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645521FCD480904CC0" box="[878,939,866,916]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">17–18</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064558FFCD487094CC0" box="[960,1074,866,916]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Rounded</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064520EFCD487834CC0" box="[1089,1208,866,916]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Basal</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645288FCD486284CC0" box="[1223,1299,866,916]" gridcol="6" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064536CFCD486644CC0" box="[1315,1375,866,916]" gridcol="7" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064533DFCD486A64CC0" box="[1394,1437,866,916]" gridcol="8" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35593497FFF4006456D8FC1086A64B47" box="[151,1437,934,1043]" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<th id="76885DEBFFF4006456D8FC10824C4B47" box="[151,375,934,1043]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF4FF9856D0FC1082314C8C" authority="Dunn 1949" authorityName="Dunn" authorityYear="1949" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shudikarensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF4FF9856D0FC1082054CEF" box="[159,318,934,955]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">C. shudikarensis</emphasis>
|
||
Dunn 1949
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF4006457C8FC1080354B47" box="[391,782,934,1043]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana, and Amazonian Brazil</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645553FC1080634B47" box="[796,856,934,1043]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">25*</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645521FC1080904B47" box="[878,939,934,1043]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">25*</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064558FFC1087094B47" box="[960,1074,934,1043]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Truncate</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064520EFC1087834B47" box="[1089,1208,934,1043]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">E xt e ns i ve i n m al es; b as al i n females</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645288FC1086284B47" box="[1223,1299,934,1043]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064536CFC1086644B47" box="[1315,1375,934,1043]" gridcol="7" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064533DFC1086A64B47" box="[1394,1437,934,1043]" gridcol="8" gridrow="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35593497FFF4006456D8FB9286A64B20" box="[151,1437,1060,1140]" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<th id="76885DEBFFF4006456D8FB92824C4B20" box="[151,375,1060,1140]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF4FF9856D0FB9282704B02" authority="Andersson 1945" authorityName="Andersson" authorityYear="1945" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventrimaculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF4FF9856D0FB9282774B6D" box="[159,332,1060,1081]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">C. ventrimaculata</emphasis>
|
||
(Andersson 1945)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF4006457C8FB9280354B20" box="[391,782,1060,1140]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Amazonian Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, southeastern Colombia, and far western Brazil</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645553FB9280634B20" box="[796,856,1060,1140]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">20–23</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645521FB9280904B20" box="[878,939,1060,1140]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">21–34</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064558FFB9287094B20" box="[960,1074,1060,1140]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Rounded</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064520EFB9287834B20" box="[1089,1208,1060,1140]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Basal</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645288FB9286284B20" box="[1223,1299,1060,1140]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064536CFB9286644B20" box="[1315,1375,1060,1140]" gridcol="7" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064533DFB9286A64B20" box="[1394,1437,1060,1140]" gridcol="8" gridrow="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35593497FFF4006456D8FB3386A64B81" box="[151,1437,1157,1237]" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<th id="76885DEBFFF4006456D8FB33824C4B81" box="[151,375,1157,1237]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF4FF9856D0FB33820C4BE3" authority="Mocquard 1904" authorityName="Mocquard" authorityYear="1904" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Ctenophryne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="geayi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF4FF9856D0FB33826E4BCE" box="[159,341,1157,1178]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Ctenophryne geayi</emphasis>
|
||
Mocquard 1904
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF4006457C8FB3380354B81" box="[391,782,1157,1237]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Amazonian Venezuela, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil, and all of Guyana, Suriname, and French Guiana</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645553FB3380634B81" box="[796,856,1157,1237]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">32–43</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645521FB3380904B81" box="[878,939,1157,1237]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">42–55</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064558FFB3387094B81" box="[960,1074,1157,1237]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Truncate</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064520EFB3387834B81" box="[1089,1208,1157,1237]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Extensive</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645288FB3386284B81" box="[1223,1299,1157,1237]" gridcol="6" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">+</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064536CFB3386644B81" box="[1315,1375,1157,1237]" gridcol="7" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064533DFB3386A64B81" box="[1394,1437,1157,1237]" gridcol="8" gridrow="10" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35593497FFF4006456D8FB5086A64A4D" box="[151,1437,1254,1305]" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<th id="76885DEBFFF4006456D8FB50824C4A4D" box="[151,375,1254,1305]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF4FF9856D0FB50827E4A4D" authority="Schneider 1799" authorityName="Schneider" authorityYear="1799" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Elachistocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ovalis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF4FF9856D0FB50825F4BAF" box="[159,356,1254,1275]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Elachistocleis ovalis</emphasis>
|
||
(Schneider 1799)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF4006457C8FB5080354A4D" box="[391,782,1254,1305]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Panama and Colombia southward, east of the Andes, to Argentina; Trinidad</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645553FB5080634A4D" box="[796,856,1254,1305]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">24–33</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645521FB5080904A4D" box="[878,939,1254,1305]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">33–44</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064558FFB5087094A4D" box="[960,1074,1254,1305]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">A c u t e l y rounded</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064520EFB5087834A4D" box="[1089,1208,1254,1305]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Basal</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645288FB5086284A4D" box="[1223,1299,1254,1305]" gridcol="6" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">+</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064536CFB5086644A4D" box="[1315,1375,1254,1305]" gridcol="7" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064533DFB5086A64A4D" box="[1394,1437,1254,1305]" gridcol="8" gridrow="11" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35593497FFF4006456D8FA9C86A64AE0" box="[151,1437,1322,1460]" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<th id="76885DEBFFF4006456D8FA9C824C4AE0" box="[151,375,1322,1460]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF4FF9856D0FA9C83EC4A2E" authority="Parker 1927" authorityName="Parker" authorityYear="1927" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hamptophryne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boliviana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF4FF9856D0FA9C83C14A08" box="[159,303,1322,1372]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Hamptophryne boliviana</emphasis>
|
||
(Parker 1927)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF4006457C8FA9C80354AE0" box="[391,782,1322,1460]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Northern and western sides of the Am az on bas i n: St a t e of Bo l i va r (Venezuela), French Guiana, Suriname, Guyana, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, and Colombia</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645553FA9C80634AE0" box="[796,856,1322,1460]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">34–39</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645521FA9C80904AE0" box="[878,939,1322,1460]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">39–44</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064558FFA9C87094AE0" box="[960,1074,1322,1460]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Rounded</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064520EFA9C87834AE0" box="[1089,1208,1322,1460]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">None</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645288FA9C86284AE0" box="[1223,1299,1322,1460]" gridcol="6" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064536CFA9C86644AE0" box="[1315,1375,1322,1460]" gridcol="7" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064533DFA9C86A64AE0" box="[1394,1437,1322,1460]" gridcol="8" gridrow="12" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35593497FFF4006456D8FA7086A64941" box="[151,1437,1478,1557]" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<th id="76885DEBFFF4006456D8FA70824C4941" box="[151,375,1478,1557]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF4FF9856D0FA7083F44941" authority="Campbell & Clarke 1998" authorityName="Campbell & Clarke" authorityYear="1998" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Otophryne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pyburni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF4FF9856D0FA70826E4A8F" box="[159,341,1478,1499]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Otophryne pyburni</emphasis>
|
||
Campbell & Clarke 1998
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF4006457C8FA7080354941" box="[391,782,1478,1557]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Vaupés and Amazonas, Colombia, across Venezuelan lowlands through Guianan region to Amapás, Brazil</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645553FA7080634941" box="[796,856,1478,1557]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">46–55</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645521FA7080904941" box="[878,939,1478,1557]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">52–61</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064558FFA7087094941" box="[960,1074,1478,1557]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Pointed</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064520EFA7087834941" box="[1089,1208,1478,1557]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Basal</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645288FA7086284941" box="[1223,1299,1478,1557]" gridcol="6" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064536CFA7086644941" box="[1315,1375,1478,1557]" gridcol="7" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">+</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064533DFA7086A64941" box="[1394,1437,1478,1557]" gridcol="8" gridrow="13" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35593497FFF4006456D8F99186A649C0" box="[151,1437,1575,1684]" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<th id="76885DEBFFF4006456D8F991824C49C0" box="[151,375,1575,1684]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF4FF9856D0F99183F449C0" authority="Nelson & Lescure 1975" authorityName="Nelson & Lescure" authorityYear="1975" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Synapturanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mirandaribeiroi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF4FF9856D0F9918203490D" box="[159,312,1575,1625]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Synapturanus mirandaribeiroi</emphasis>
|
||
Nelson & Lescure 1975
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF4006457C8F991803549C0" box="[391,782,1575,1684]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Northern Brazil, eastern Colombia, and the Guianas</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645553F991806349C0" box="[796,856,1575,1684]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">27–32</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645521F991809049C0" box="[878,939,1575,1684]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">25–35</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064558FF991870949C0" box="[960,1074,1575,1684]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Pointed</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064520EF991878349C0" box="[1089,1208,1575,1684]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">None</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645288F991862849C0" box="[1223,1299,1575,1684]" gridcol="6" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">+</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064536CF991866449C0" box="[1315,1375,1575,1684]" gridcol="7" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">+</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064533DF99186A649C0" box="[1394,1437,1575,1684]" gridcol="8" gridrow="14" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35593497FFF4006456D8F91386A649EE" box="[151,1437,1701,1722]" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<th id="76885DEBFFF4006456D8F913824C49EE" box="[151,375,1701,1722]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF4FF9856D0F913825449EE" authority="Pyburn 1976" authorityName="Pyburn" authorityYear="1976" box="[159,367,1701,1722]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Synapturanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rabus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF4FF9856D0F91383D549EE" box="[159,238,1701,1722]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">S. rabus</emphasis>
|
||
Pyburn 1976
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF4006457C8F913803549EE" box="[391,782,1701,1722]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">SE Vaupés, Colombia, adj. Ecuador</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645553F913806349EE" box="[796,856,1701,1722]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">16–17</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645521F913809049EE" box="[878,939,1701,1722]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">18–19</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064558FF913870949EE" box="[960,1074,1701,1722]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Pointed</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064520EF913878349EE" box="[1089,1208,1701,1722]" gridcol="5" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">None</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645288F913862849EE" box="[1223,1299,1701,1722]" gridcol="6" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">+</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064536CF913866449EE" box="[1315,1375,1701,1722]" gridcol="7" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">+</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064533DF91386A649EE" box="[1394,1437,1701,1722]" gridcol="8" gridrow="15" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35593497FFF4006456D8F97A86A649AA" box="[151,1437,1740,1790]" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<th id="76885DEBFFF4006456D8F97A824C49AA" box="[151,375,1740,1790]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF4FF9856D0F97A824C49B5" authority="Pyburn 1975" authorityName="Pyburn" authorityYear="1975" box="[159,375,1740,1761]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Synapturanus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="salseri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF4FF9856D0F97A83CD49B5" box="[159,246,1740,1761]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">S. salseri</emphasis>
|
||
Pyburn 1975
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF4006457C8F97A803549AA" box="[391,782,1740,1790]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Va upés, Colom bia, Am az onas, Venezuela, Manaus, Brazil</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645553F97A806349AA" box="[796,856,1740,1790]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">24–26</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645521F97A809049AA" box="[878,939,1740,1790]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">?</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064558FF97A870949AA" box="[960,1074,1740,1790]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Pointed</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064520EF97A878349AA" box="[1089,1208,1740,1790]" gridcol="5" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">None</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645288F97A862849AA" box="[1223,1299,1740,1790]" gridcol="6" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">+</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064536CF97A866449AA" box="[1315,1375,1740,1790]" gridcol="7" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064533DF97A86A649AA" box="[1394,1437,1740,1790]" gridcol="8" gridrow="16" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">5</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35593497FFF4006456D8F8B986A64816" box="[151,1437,1807,1858]" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<th id="76885DEBFFF4006456D8F8B9824C4816" box="[151,375,1807,1858]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF4FF9856D0F8B982224816" authority="Walker 1973" authorityName="Walker" authorityYear="1973" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Syncope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antenori">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF4FF9856D0F8B9827D4870" box="[159,326,1807,1828]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Syncope antenori</emphasis>
|
||
Walker 1973
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF4006457C8F8B980354816" box="[391,782,1807,1858]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Amazonian Ecuador and Peru</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645553F8B980634816" box="[796,856,1807,1858]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">11–12</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645521F8B980904816" box="[878,939,1807,1858]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">13–14</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064558FF8B987094816" box="[960,1074,1807,1858]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Truncate</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064520EF8B987834816" box="[1089,1208,1807,1858]" gridcol="5" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">None</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645288F8B986284816" box="[1223,1299,1807,1858]" gridcol="6" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064536CF8B986644816" box="[1315,1375,1807,1858]" gridcol="7" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">+</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064533DF8B986A64816" box="[1394,1437,1807,1858]" gridcol="8" gridrow="17" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35593497FFF4006456D8F8E586A648D1" box="[151,1437,1875,1925]" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<th id="76885DEBFFF4006456D8F8E5824C48D1" box="[151,375,1875,1925]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF4FF9856D0F8E583F448D1" authority="Nelson 1975" authorityName="Nelson" authorityYear="1975" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Syncope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carvalhoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF4FF9856D0F8E58228483C" box="[159,275,1875,1896]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">S. carvalhoi</emphasis>
|
||
Nelson 1975
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF4006457C8F8E5803548D1" box="[391,782,1875,1925]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Loreto, Peru, adj. southern Amazonian Colombia</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645553F8E5806348D1" box="[796,856,1875,1925]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">9–10</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645521F8E5809048D1" box="[878,939,1875,1925]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">10–11</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064558FF8E5870948D1" box="[960,1074,1875,1925]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Truncate</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064520EF8E5878348D1" box="[1089,1208,1875,1925]" gridcol="5" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">None</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645288F8E5862848D1" box="[1223,1299,1875,1925]" gridcol="6" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064536CF8E5866448D1" box="[1315,1375,1875,1925]" gridcol="7" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064533DF8E586A648D1" box="[1394,1437,1875,1925]" gridcol="8" gridrow="18" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35593497FFF4006456D8F82186A648B2" box="[151,1437,1943,2022]" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<th id="76885DEBFFF4006456D8F821824C48B2" box="[151,375,1943,2022]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF4FF9856D0F821827C48B2" authority="Duellman & Mendelson 1995" authorityName="Duellman & Mendelson" authorityYear="1995" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Syncope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="3" pageNumber="40" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="tridactyla">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF4FF9856D0F821822E48F8" box="[159,277,1943,1964]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">S. tridactyla</emphasis>
|
||
(Duellman & Mendelson 1995)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF4006457C8F821803548B2" box="[391,782,1943,2022]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Loreto, Peru, western Brazil</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645553F821806348B2" box="[796,856,1943,2022]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">?</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645521F821809048B2" box="[878,939,1943,2022]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">12</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064558FF821870948B2" box="[960,1074,1943,2022]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">Truncate</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064520EF821878348B2" box="[1089,1208,1943,2022]" gridcol="5" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">None</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF400645288F821862848B2" box="[1223,1299,1943,2022]" gridcol="6" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">-</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064536CF821866448B2" box="[1315,1375,1943,2022]" gridcol="7" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">+</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF40064533DF82186A648B2" box="[1394,1437,1943,2022]" gridcol="8" gridrow="19" pageId="3" pageNumber="40">4</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF16665DFFF3FF9F56D8F9C2804349FA" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190715/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" targetBox="[238,1348,197,1626]" targetPageId="4">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636D5FFF3FF9F56D8F9C2804349FA" blockId="4.[151,1436,1652,1710]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF3FF9F56D8F9C2822249D8" bold="true" box="[151,281,1652,1676]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Computed Tomography (CT) scan of the holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF3FF9F5515F9C2877F49DF" box="[858,1092,1652,1675]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="devriesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF3FF9F5515F9C2877F49DF" box="[858,1092,1652,1675]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Chiasmocleis devriesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(MHNSM 21540, adult female; SVL = 42.2 mm), showing dorsal (above) and ventral (below) views.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C373655EFFF3FF9E568AF96A809C4C3E" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636D5FFF3FF9F568AF96A813A483E" blockId="4.[151,1437,1756,2014]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF3FF9F568AF96A827F49A2" bold="true" box="[197,324,1756,1782]" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
A member of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF3FF9F57BFF96A81B549A1" box="[496,654,1756,1781]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF3FF9F57BFF96A81B549A1" box="[496,654,1756,1781]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Chiasmocleis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on: (1) no occipital fold; (2) clavicles reduced, not reaching the glenoid region; (3) quadratojugal and maxilla separate; (4) alary process of premaxilla tilted only slightly forward; shelf of premaxilla with moderately sized notch; (5) neopalatine not distinguishable (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B24FFF3FF9F534EF89C86AC4810" author="Parker" box="[1281,1431,1834,1860]" pageId="4" pageNumber="48" refString="Parker, H. W. (1934) A monograph of the frogs of the family Microhylidae. Trustees of the British Museum, 8, London, 1 - 208." type="journal article" year="1934">Parker 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B24FFF3FF9F56D8F8E6827C483E" author="Carvalho" box="[151,327,1872,1898]" pageId="4" pageNumber="47" refString="Carvalho, A. L. (1954) A preliminary synopsis of the genera of American microhylid frogs. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 555, 1 - 19." type="journal article" year="1954">Carvalho 1954</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B24FFF3FF9F571CF8E682CF483E" author="Zweifel" box="[339,500,1872,1898]" pageId="4" pageNumber="49" refString="Zweifel, R. G. (1986) A new genus and species of microhylid frog from the Cerro de la Neblina region of Venezuela and a discussion of relationships among New World microhylid genera. American Museum Novitates, 2863, 1 - 24." type="journal article" year="1986">Zweifel 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636D5FFF3FF9E568AF8C183FD4EB3" blockId="4.[151,1437,1756,2014]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1437,152,1956]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="42" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">
|
||
The largest known species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF3FF9F547CF8C181EC48C4" box="[563,727,1911,1936]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF3FF9F547CF8C181EC48C4" box="[563,727,1911,1936]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="41">Chiasmocleis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
distinguished from all other members in the genus by the following combination of characters: (1) large size, SVL
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B30FFF3FF9F5530F82B80CB48E3" box="[895,1008,1949,1975]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.22" pageId="4" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="42.2">42.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
in female, body ovoid; (2) snout moderately pointed in dorsal view, rounded and projecting in lateral view; (3) canthus rostralis rounded; loreal region flat, sloping smoothly to upper jaw; (4) skin on dorsum irregularly textured, almost smooth; (5) fingers IV and II the same length; fingers basally webbed, fringes present, lacking discs; finger tips rounded; (6) all toes with lateral fringes, basally webbed in females (males unknown); tips rounded, no discs; (7) subarticular tubercles prominent; inner metatarsal tubercle distinct, oval; (8) small pigmented eggs; (9) in life, dorsal surfaces dark gray with rusty red blotches posteriorly and on limbs; creamy mid-dorsal stripe from the level of the eyes to the vent; snout and eyelids silver-gray; (10) in life, ventral surfaces creamy white with large grayish brown blotches; blotches are largest on belly and chest, becoming smaller and more dense on throat and hindlimbs; blotches with light centers, particularly on belly and chest; (11) iris bright golden yellow in life.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636D5FFF2FF9E568AFE45809C4C3E" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1956]" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E568AFE45824D4D59" bold="true" box="[197,374,499,525]" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Comparisons.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E5731FE4281B34D59" box="[382,648,500,525]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="devriesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E5731FE4281B34D59" box="[382,648,500,525]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Chiasmocleis devriesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is distinguished from other genera of microhylids in the western Amazon basin by a combination of no occipital fold, no visible tympanum, and five toes (
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6EB036EFFF2FF9E5291FDAC86024D60" box="[1246,1337,538,564]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,242,151,175]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,271,2022]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. Geographic range and morphological characteristics of microhylid frogs found in the western Amazon lowlands (of Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, western Brazil, and Bolivia). Head shape is in dorsal view. * = sex of measured holotype was not specified in the original description of Chiasmocleis shudikarensis (Dunn 1949)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF16665DFFF4FF9856D8FF2187944FA0" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" tableUuid="DF16665DFFF4FF9856D8FF2187944FA0">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). These character states are also found in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E546DFDF780224D0E" box="[546,793,577,602]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Adelastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hylonomos">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E546DFDF780224D0E" box="[546,793,577,602]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Adelastes hylonomos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E551BFDF787414D0E" box="[852,1146,577,602]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hamptophryne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boliviana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E551BFDF787414D0E" box="[852,1146,577,602]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Hamptophryne boliviana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, but
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E52F8FDF786634D0E" box="[1207,1368,577,602]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Adelastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hylonomos">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E52F8FDF786634D0E" box="[1207,1368,577,602]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">A. hylonomos</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a rounded head in dorsal view (moderately pointed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E555DFDDE80AE4DD5" box="[786,917,616,641]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="devriesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E555DFDDE80AE4DD5" box="[786,917,616,641]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. devriesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), no webbing on feet (basal webbing in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E53CEFDDE83CF4DFC" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="devriesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E53CEFDDE83CF4DFC" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. devriesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), dark brown dorsal coloration (gray with reddish splotches on limbs and posteriorly in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E5344FD3986B04DFC" box="[1291,1419,655,680]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="devriesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E5344FD3986B04DFC" box="[1291,1419,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. devriesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and venter light brown with no color pattern (creamy white with bold dark mottling with pale centers in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E53CEFD0383C34DA1" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="devriesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E53CEFD0383C34DA1" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. devriesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B24FFF2FF9E5746FD6A82894DA2" author="Zweifel" box="[265,434,732,758]" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" refString="Zweifel, R. G. (1986) A new genus and species of microhylid frog from the Cerro de la Neblina region of Venezuela and a discussion of relationships among New World microhylid genera. American Museum Novitates, 2863, 1 - 24." type="journal article" year="1986">Zweifel 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E5788FD6A81C34DA1" box="[455,760,732,757]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Hamptophryne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boliviana">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E5788FD6A81C34DA1" box="[455,760,732,757]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Hamptophryne boliviana</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a rounded head, no webbing, a black inguinal spot extending onto dorsum (no such marking in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E54FDFCB4800E4C4F" box="[690,821,770,795]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="devriesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E54FDFCB4800E4C4F" box="[690,821,770,795]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. devriesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and a distinct demarcation between a tan or gray dorsum and dark brown or black flanks (no distinct demarcation between dorsal and flank color in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E535AFC9F86AF4C16" box="[1301,1428,809,834]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="devriesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E535AFC9F86AF4C16" box="[1301,1428,809,834]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. devriesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B24FFF2FF9E56D8FCE6821C4C3E" author="Parker" box="[151,295,848,874]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" refString="Parker, H. W. (1927) The brevicipitid frogs allied to the genus Gastrophryne. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Zoology, University of Michigan, 187, 1 - 6." type="journal article" year="1927">Parker 1927</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B24FFF2FF9E577BFCE682D74C3E" author="Duellman" box="[308,492,848,874]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" refString="Duellman, W. E. (1978) The biology of an equatorial herpetofauna in Amazonian Ecuador. Miscellaneous Publications of the Museum of Natural History University of Kansas, 65, 1 - 352." type="journal article" year="1978">Duellman 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B24FFF2FF9E57B7FCE6810E4C3E" author="Duellman" box="[504,565,848,874]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" refString="Duellman, W. E. (2005) Cusco Amazonico. The lives of amphibians and reptiles in an Amazonian rainforest. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York, and London." type="book" year="2005">2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B24FFF2FF9E540EFCE680A14C3E" author="Rodriguez" box="[577,922,848,874]" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" refString="Rodriguez, L. O. & Duellman, W. E. (1994) Guide to the frogs of the Iquitos Region, Amazonian Peru. Special Publication of the Museum of Natural History University of Kansas, 22, 1 - 80." type="journal article" year="1994">Rodríguez & Duellman 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C373655EFFF2FF9C5689FCC187CD4F85" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636D5FFF2FF9E5689FCC182E048F0" blockId="5.[151,1437,152,1956]" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E5689FCC182F64CC4" ID-CoL="TZ25" box="[198,461,887,912]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="devriesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E5689FCC182F64CC4" box="[198,461,887,912]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Chiasmocleis devriesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is substantially larger than all other known
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E55B7FCC187AD4CC4" ID-CoL="3MVX" box="[1016,1174,887,912]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E55B7FCC187AD4CC4" box="[1016,1174,887,912]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Chiasmocleis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species found in the Amazon basin (female SVL
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B30FFF2FF9E57ABFC2B810D4CE3" box="[484,566,925,951]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="42.0">42 mm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E5415FC2B81E24CE2" ID-CoL="TZ25" box="[602,729,925,950]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="devriesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E5415FC2B81E24CE2" box="[602,729,925,950]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. devriesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
compared to female SVL
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B30FFF2FF9E5243FC2B87B14CE3" box="[1036,1162,925,951]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="17.5" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="17.0">17–18 mm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E52E1FC2B86004CE2" ID-CoL="TZ2C" box="[1198,1339,925,950]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magnova">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E52E1FC2B86004CE2" box="[1198,1339,925,950]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. magnova</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B30FFF2FF9E5305FC2B86A04CE3" box="[1354,1435,925,951]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E56F9FC72820C4C89" ID-CoL="TZ28" box="[182,311,964,989]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hudsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E56F9FC72820C4C89" box="[182,311,964,989]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. hudsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B30FFF2FF9E5708FC7282FC4C8A" box="[327,455,964,990]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="22.0" valueMax="23.0" valueMin="21.0">21–23 mm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E57A0FC72817B4C89" ID-CoL="TZ29" box="[495,576,964,989]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jimi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E57A0FC72817B4C89" box="[495,576,964,989]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. jimi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B30FFF2FF9E541EFC72819F4C8A" box="[593,676,964,990]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 mm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E5483FC7280AB4C89" ID-CoL="TZ2P" box="[716,912,964,989]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shudikarensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E5483FC7280AB4C89" box="[716,912,964,989]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. shudikarensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B30FFF2FF9E55EEFC72871A4C8A" box="[929,1057,964,990]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="24.0" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="20.0">20–28 mm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E5207FC7287F24C89" ID-CoL="TYZV" box="[1096,1225,964,989]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bassleri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E5207FC7287F24C89" box="[1096,1225,964,989]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. bassleri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B30FFF2FF9E5296FC7286624C8A" box="[1241,1369,964,990]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="27.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="25.0">25–30 mm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E53CEFC7283C14B57" ID-CoL="TYZR" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anatipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E53CEFC7283C14B57" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. anatipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B30FFF2FF9E5745FC5C82B34B50" box="[266,392,1002,1028]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.4" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="27.5" valueMax="34.0" valueMin="21.0">21–34 mm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E57E2FC5C81BB4B57" ID-CoL="TZ2V" box="[429,640,1002,1027]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventrimaculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E57E2FC5C81BB4B57" box="[429,640,1002,1027]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. ventrimaculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; and
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B30FFF2FF9E548EFC5C80044B50" box="[705,831,1002,1028]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" unit="mm" value="31.0" valueMax="38.0" valueMin="24.0">24–38 mm</quantity>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E552BFC5C872C4B57" ID-CoL="5XQSD" box="[868,1047,1002,1027]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="avilapiresae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E552BFC5C872C4B57" box="[868,1047,1002,1027]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. avilapiresae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6EB036EFFF2FF9E526AFC5C87404B50" box="[1061,1147,1002,1028]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,242,151,175]" captionTargetBox="[151,1437,271,2022]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. Geographic range and morphological characteristics of microhylid frogs found in the western Amazon lowlands (of Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, western Brazil, and Bolivia). Head shape is in dorsal view. * = sex of measured holotype was not specified in the original description of Chiasmocleis shudikarensis (Dunn 1949)." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF16665DFFF4FF9856D8FF2187944FA0" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" tableUuid="DF16665DFFF4FF9856D8FF2187944FA0">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||
). Of these
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E52B1FC5C86A74B57" ID-CoL="3MVX" box="[1278,1436,1002,1027]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E52B1FC5C86A74B57" box="[1278,1436,1002,1027]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Chiasmocleis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E56B4FBA782404B7E" ID-CoL="TZ25" box="[251,379,1041,1066]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="devriesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E56B4FBA782404B7E" box="[251,379,1041,1066]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. devriesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is most likely to be confused with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E5553FBA780CA4B7E" ID-CoL="TZ2V" box="[796,1009,1041,1066]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventrimaculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E5553FBA780CA4B7E" box="[796,1009,1041,1066]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. ventrimaculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig. 3;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B24FFF2FF9E5217FBA786204B7F" author="Andersson" box="[1112,1307,1041,1067]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" refString="Andersson, L. G. (1945) Batrachians from east Ecuador collected 1937, 1938 by Wm. Clarke-Macintyre and Rolf Blomberg. Arkiv for Zoologi, 37 A, 1 - 88." type="journal article" year="1945">Andersson 1945</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B24FFF2FF9E5367FBA783EC4B06" author="Duellman" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" refString="Duellman, W. E. (1978) The biology of an equatorial herpetofauna in Amazonian Ecuador. Miscellaneous Publications of the Museum of Natural History University of Kansas, 65, 1 - 352." type="journal article" year="1978">Duellman 1978</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B24FFF2FF9E56A3FB8E81554B06" author="Rodriguez" box="[236,622,1080,1106]" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" refString="Rodriguez, L. O. & Duellman, W. E. (1994) Guide to the frogs of the Iquitos Region, Amazonian Peru. Special Publication of the Museum of Natural History University of Kansas, 22, 1 - 80." type="journal article" year="1994">Rodríguez & Duellman 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E54F0FB8E87DA4B06" ID-CoL="5XQSD" authority="Peloso & Sturaro 2008" authorityName="Peloso & Sturaro" authorityYear="2008" box="[703,1249,1080,1106]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="avilapiresae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E54F0FB8E80B64B05" box="[703,909,1080,1105]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. avilapiresae</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B24FFF2FF9E55ECFB8E87EE4B06" author="Peloso" box="[931,1237,1080,1106]" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" refString="Peloso, P. L. V. & Sturaro, M. J. (2008) A new species of narrow-mouthed frog of the genus Chiasmocleis Mehely 1904 (Anura, Microhylidae) from the Amazonian rainforest of Brazil. Zootaxa, 1947, 39 - 52." type="journal article" year="2008">Peloso & Sturaro 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. However,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E5330FB8E82724B2C" ID-CoL="TZ2V" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventrimaculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E5330FB8E82724B2C" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. ventrimaculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has a rounded head (moderately pointed in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E5503FBE980F74B2C" ID-CoL="TZ25" box="[844,972,1119,1144]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="devriesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E5503FBE980F74B2C" box="[844,972,1119,1144]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. devriesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), a reddish brown iris (bright yellow in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E56D8FB33822D4BCA" ID-CoL="TZ25" box="[151,278,1157,1182]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="devriesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E56D8FB33822D4BCA" box="[151,278,1157,1182]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. devriesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), white spicules present lateral and ventral to vent (spicules not present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E52C7FB3386334BCA" ID-CoL="TZ25" box="[1160,1288,1157,1182]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="devriesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E52C7FB3386334BCA" box="[1160,1288,1157,1182]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. devriesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), no reddish coloration on posterior surface of dorsum (reddish color present on posterior surface of dorsum in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E53CFFB1A83C14BB8" ID-CoL="TZ25" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="devriesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E53CFFB1A83C14BB8" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. devriesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and small black blotches or mottling on venter (larger black mottling with pale centers in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E53CFFB6583CF4A46" ID-CoL="TZ25" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="devriesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E53CFFB6583CF4A46" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. devriesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
).
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E5744FB4F817B4A46" ID-CoL="5XQSD" box="[267,576,1273,1298]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="avilapiresae">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E5744FB4F817B4A46" box="[267,576,1273,1298]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Chiasmocleis avilapiresae</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has dermal spines on dorsum and toes (no dermal spines in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E52B6FB4F864C4A46" ID-CoL="TZ25" box="[1273,1399,1273,1298]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="devriesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E52B6FB4F864C4A46" box="[1273,1399,1273,1298]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. devriesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), a light horizontal line on the posterior surface of thighs which is always present (no such line in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E5346FA9686B04A6D" ID-CoL="TZ25" box="[1289,1419,1312,1337]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="devriesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E5346FA9686B04A6D" box="[1289,1419,1312,1337]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. devriesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), venter varying from light with almost no dark markings, small scattered brown or black spots, a few large spots, or a reticulated pattern (creamy white venter with large black mottling with pale centers in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E5343FADB86B04AD2" ID-CoL="TZ25" box="[1292,1419,1389,1414]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="devriesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E5343FADB86B04AD2" box="[1292,1419,1389,1414]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. devriesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
), and a bronze iris according to
|
||
<figureCitation id="13522A50FFF2FF9E5443FA2281684AFA" box="[524,595,1428,1454]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[238,1348,194,1858]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[238,1349,194,1858]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Dorsal (above) and ventral (below) views of the holotype of Chiasmocleis devriesi in life (MHNSM 21540, adult female; SVL = 42.2 mm). Photos by W. Chris Funk." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190714/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">
|
||
Fig.
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B30FFF2FF9E540BFA2281684AFA" box="[580,595,1428,1454]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" unit="in" value="1.0">1</quantity>
|
||
</figureCitation>
|
||
in
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B24FFF2FF9E5433FA2286AC4AFA" author="Peloso" box="[636,1431,1428,1454]" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" refString="Peloso, P. L. V. & Sturaro, M. J. (2008) A new species of narrow-mouthed frog of the genus Chiasmocleis Mehely 1904 (Anura, Microhylidae) from the Amazonian rainforest of Brazil. Zootaxa, 1947, 39 - 52." type="journal article" year="2008">
|
||
Peloso & Sturaro (2008; iris bright golden yellow in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E5349FA2286B14AF9" ID-CoL="TZ25" box="[1286,1418,1428,1453]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="devriesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E5349FA2286B14AF9" box="[1286,1418,1428,1453]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. devriesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E56D8FA0D82924A80" ID-CoL="TZ25" box="[151,425,1467,1492]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="devriesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E56D8FA0D82924A80" box="[151,425,1467,1492]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">Chiasmocleis devriesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
also differs from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E54C4FA0D80224A80" ID-CoL="TYZR" box="[651,793,1467,1492]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anatipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E54C4FA0D80224A80" box="[651,793,1467,1492]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. anatipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by basal webbing on feet (extensive webbing in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E53CFFA0D83C14AAE" ID-CoL="TYZR" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="anatipes">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E53CFFA0D83C14AAE" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. anatipes</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B24FFF2FF9E5745FA5781064AAF" author="Walker" box="[266,573,1505,1531]" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" refString="Walker, C. F. & Duellman, W. E. (1974) Description of a new species of microhylid frog, Chiasmocleis, from Ecuador. Occasional Papers of the Museum of Natural History, The University of Kansas, 26, 1 - 6." type="journal article" year="1974">Walker & Duellman 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E54DDFA5780294AAE" ID-CoL="TYZV" box="[658,786,1505,1530]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bassleri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E54DDFA5780294AAE" box="[658,786,1505,1530]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. bassleri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by a gray dorsum with reddish coloration on limbs and a cream venter with large dark mottling with pale centers (cream canthal and postorbital stripe, black inguinal spot extending onto dorsum, and bluish white belly with large black spots in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E5223F99987CD491C" ID-CoL="TYZV" box="[1132,1270,1583,1608]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bassleri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E5223F99987CD491C" box="[1132,1270,1583,1608]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. bassleri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B24FFF2FF9E5346F99886AC491C" author="Dunn" box="[1289,1431,1582,1608]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" refString="Dunn, E. R. (1949) Notes on South American frogs of the family Microhylidae. American Museum Novitates, 1419, 1 - 21." type="journal article" year="1949">Dunn 1949</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B24FFF2FF9E56D8F9E382C5493B" author="Rodriguez" box="[151,510,1621,1647]" pageId="5" pageNumber="49" refString="Rodriguez, L. O. & Duellman, W. E. (1994) Guide to the frogs of the Iquitos Region, Amazonian Peru. Special Publication of the Museum of Natural History University of Kansas, 22, 1 - 80." type="journal article" year="1994">Rodríguez & Duellman 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E5418F9E381E0493A" ID-CoL="TZ28" box="[599,731,1621,1646]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hudsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E5418F9E381E0493A" box="[599,731,1621,1646]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. hudsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by a moderately pointed head, basal webbing, and a gray dorsum with reddish coloration posteriorly and on limbs (rounded head, no webbing on feet, and a brown dorsum with lighter stippling in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E5457F91581A149E8" ID-CoL="TZ28" box="[536,666,1699,1724]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hudsoni">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E5457F91581A149E8" box="[536,666,1699,1724]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. hudsoni</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B24FFF2FF9E54E5F914800449E8" author="Parker" box="[682,831,1698,1724]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" refString="Parker, H. W. (1940) Undescribed anatomical structures and new species of reptiles and amphibians. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 11, vol. 5, 257 - 274." type="journal article" year="1940">Parker 1940</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E55D9F91580DC49E8" ID-CoL="TZ29" box="[918,999,1699,1724]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jimi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E55D9F91580DC49E8" box="[918,999,1699,1724]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. jimi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by a moderately pointed head, basal webbing, and a gray dorsum with reddish coloration posteriorly and on limbs (rounded head, no webbing on feet, and a brown dorsum with irregular white dots in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E5545F9468061485D" ID-CoL="TZ29" box="[778,858,1776,1801]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="jimi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E5545F9468061485D" box="[778,858,1776,1801]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. jimi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B24FFF2FF9E5526F94687AD485E" author="Caramaschi" box="[873,1174,1776,1802]" pageId="5" pageNumber="47" refString="Caramaschi, U. & Cruz, C. A. G. (2001) A new species of Chiasmocleis Mehely, 1904 from Brazilian Amazonia (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae). Boletim do Museu Nacional, Nova Serie, Zoologia, 469, 1 - 8." type="journal article" year="2001">Caramaschi & Cruz 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E52A4F946864C485D" ID-CoL="TZ2C" box="[1259,1399,1776,1801]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magnova">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E52A4F946864C485D" box="[1259,1399,1776,1801]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. magnova</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by normal finger and toe length (reduced fingers I and IV and reduced toe I in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E5254F8A187914864" ID-CoL="TZ2C" box="[1051,1194,1815,1840]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="magnova">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E5254F8A187914864" box="[1051,1194,1815,1840]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. magnova</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B24FFF2FF9E52F4F8A083ED4803" author="Moravec" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" refString="Moravec, J. & Kohler, J. (2007) A new species of Chiasmocleis (Anura: Microhylidae) from the Iquitos region, Amazonian Peru, with possible direct development. Zootaxa, 1605, 59 - 67." type="journal article" year="2007">Moravec & Köhler 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); and from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E5713F88B81244802" ID-CoL="TZ2P" box="[348,543,1853,1878]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shudikarensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E5713F88B81244802" box="[348,543,1853,1878]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. shudikarensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by a moderately pointed head and a gray dorsum with reddish coloration on limbs (truncate head, gray dorsum with light flecking, and black inguinal spot extending onto dorsum in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF2FF9E53CEF8D2820C48F0" ID-CoL="TZ2P" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="5" pageNumber="42" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shudikarensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF2FF9E53CEF8D2820C48F0" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="42">C. shudikarensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B24FFF2FF9E5709F83C82F548F0" author="Dunn" box="[326,462,1930,1956]" pageId="5" pageNumber="48" refString="Dunn, E. R. (1949) Notes on South American frogs of the family Microhylidae. American Museum Novitates, 1419, 1 - 21." type="journal article" year="1949">Dunn 1949</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636D5FFF1FF9D56D8F8E881FF48EF" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<table id="F969C475FFF1006456D8F8E886A748EF" box="[151,1436,1886,1979]" gridcols="3" gridrows="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<tr id="35593497FFF1006456D8F8E886A74822" box="[151,1436,1886,1910]" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<th id="76885DEBFFF1006456D8F8E881DA4822" box="[151,737,1886,1910]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF1FF9D56D8F8E882224822" bold="true" box="[151,281,1886,1910]" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal (above) and ventral (below) views
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76885DEBFFF1006454A7F8E887054822" box="[744,1086,1886,1910]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF1FF9D554AF8E987054822" ID-CoL="TZ2V" box="[773,1086,1887,1910]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventrimaculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF1FF9D554AF8E987054822" box="[773,1086,1887,1910]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Chiasmocleis ventrimaculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
</th>
|
||
<th id="76885DEBFFF10064520AF8E886A74822" box="[1093,1436,1886,1910]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">in life from the same site where</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35593497FFF1006456D8F83786A748CC" box="[151,1436,1921,1944]" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<th id="76885DEBFFF1006456D8F83781DA48CC" box="[151,737,1921,1944]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF1FF9D56D8F837823448CC" ID-CoL="TZ25" box="[151,271,1921,1944]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="devriesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF1FF9D56D8F837823448CC" box="[151,271,1921,1944]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">C. devriesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was found, the Amazon Conservatory for
|
||
</th>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF1006454A7F837870548CC" box="[744,1086,1921,1944]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Tropical Studies (ACTS) Field</td>
|
||
<td id="76885DEBFFF10064520AF83786A748CC" box="[1093,1436,1921,1944]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">Station (MHNSM 21539, adult</td>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
<tr id="35593497FFF1006456D8F81286A748EF" box="[151,1436,1956,1979]" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="43" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
|
||
<th id="76885DEBFFF1006456D8F81281DA48EF" box="[151,737,1956,1979]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="43">female; SVL = 34.4 mm). Photos by W. Chris Funk.</th>
|
||
</tr>
|
||
</table>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="DF16665DFFF0FF9C56D8FF2186A64FFB" box="[151,1437,151,175]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636D5FFF0FF9C56D8FF2186A64FFB" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,649]" box="[151,1437,151,175]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF0FF9C56D8FF21822E4FFB" bold="true" box="[151,277,151,175]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
|
||
Morphological measurements of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF0FF9C54E6FF2E808B4FFB" ID-CoL="TZ25" box="[681,944,152,175]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="devriesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF0FF9C54E6FF2E808B4FFB" box="[681,944,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Chiasmocleis devriesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF0FF9C55A3FF2E87F84FFB" ID-CoL="TZ2V" box="[1004,1219,152,175]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventrimaculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF0FF9C55A3FF2E87F84FFB" box="[1004,1219,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">C. ventrimaculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from the Amazon
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636D5FFF0FF9C56D8FF0C87CD4F85" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,649]" box="[151,1270,186,209]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
Conservatory for Tropical Studies (ACTS), Departamento de Loreto,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37E7645FFF0FF9C5533FF0C808B4F85" box="[892,944,186,209]" name="Peru" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
. All measurements are in mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C373655EFFF0FF9C56D0FF5B864E4D34" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636D5FFF0FF9C56D0FF5B86484E56" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,649]" box="[159,1395,237,258]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Species MHNSM Sex SVL HL HW IN EN ED IOD ThL TiL FL</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636D5FFF0FF9C57D8FEBC828D4E4B" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,649]" box="[407,438,266,287]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">no.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636D5FFF0FF9C56D0FE8286BA4E1C" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,649]" box="[159,1409,307,329]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF0FF9C56D0FE8282494E1D" box="[159,370,308,329]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="devriesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF0FF9C56D0FE8282494E1D" box="[159,370,308,329]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Chiasmocleis devriesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
21540 F 42.2 10.9 12.5 2.8 2.9 2.8 4.2 15.7 15.4 14.8
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636D5FFF0FF9C56D0FEEA86BA4E24" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,649]" box="[159,1409,347,369]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF0FF9C56D0FEEA82774E25" box="[159,332,348,369]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventrimaculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF0FF9C56D0FEEA82774E25" box="[159,332,348,369]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">C. ventrimaculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
21539 F 34.4 8.7 9.4 2.4 2.6 2.1 3.8 13.4 13.7 13.8
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636D5FFF0FF9C56D0FE3286BB4ECC" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,649]" box="[159,1408,387,409]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF0FF9C56D0FE3282774ECD" box="[159,332,388,409]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventrimaculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF0FF9C56D0FE3282774ECD" box="[159,332,388,409]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">C. ventrimaculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
15697 F 27.8 8.1 8.4 2.2 2.4 2.1 2.9 11.4 11.3 11.2
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636D5FFF0FF9C56D0FE1A86BA4E94" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,649]" box="[159,1409,427,449]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF0FF9C56D0FE1A82774E95" box="[159,332,428,449]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventrimaculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF0FF9C56D0FE1A82774E95" box="[159,332,428,449]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">C. ventrimaculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
15775 F 26.9 7.3 7.5 2.0 2.3 2.0 3.1 10.2 10.3 10.5
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636D5FFF0FF9C56D0FE6286BA4EBC" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,649]" box="[159,1409,467,489]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF0FF9C56D0FE6282774EBD" box="[159,332,468,489]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventrimaculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF0FF9C56D0FE6282774EBD" box="[159,332,468,489]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">C. ventrimaculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
15698 F 26.3 7.6 7.4 2.1 2.6 2.2 2.9 10.6 10.1 10.7
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636D5FFF0FF9C56D0FE4A86BA4D44" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,649]" box="[159,1409,507,529]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF0FF9C56D0FE4A82774D45" box="[159,332,508,529]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventrimaculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF0FF9C56D0FE4A82774D45" box="[159,332,508,529]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">C. ventrimaculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
15700 F 23.2 6.3 6.3 1.9 2.2 2.2 2.8 8.9 9.7 10.2
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636D5FFF0FF9C56D0FD92864E4D6C" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,649]" box="[159,1397,547,569]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF0FF9C56D0FD9282774D6D" box="[159,332,548,569]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventrimaculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF0FF9C56D0FD9282774D6D" box="[159,332,548,569]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">C. ventrimaculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
21538 M 23.2 7.6 6.9 1.9 2.0 1.6 2.8 10.2 10.1 9.7
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636D5FFF0FF9C56D0FDFA864E4D34" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,649]" box="[159,1397,587,609]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF0FF9C56D0FDFA82774D35" box="[159,332,588,609]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventrimaculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF0FF9C56D0FDFA82774D35" box="[159,332,588,609]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">C. ventrimaculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
15702 M (subad) 17.1 5.7 5.7 1.7 1.6 1.8 2.3 7.5 7.9 7.5
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C373655EFFF0FF9C56D0FDC280A74C34" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636D5FFF0FF9C56D0FDC280A74C34" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,649]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,722,2024]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF0FF9C56D0FDC282774DDD" ID-CoL="TZ2V" box="[159,332,628,649]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventrimaculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF0FF9C56D0FDC282774DDD" box="[159,332,628,649]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">C. ventrimaculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
15701 M (subad) 16.5 5.1 5.6 1.4 1.6 1.8 2.1 6.6 6.9 6.9 The remaining 15 non-Amazonian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF0FF9C5424FD6480374DBF" ID-CoL="3MVX" box="[619,780,722,747]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF0FF9C5424FD6480374DBF" box="[619,780,722,747]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Chiasmocleis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species are also substantially smaller than
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF0FF9C535DFD6486AF4DBF" ID-CoL="TZ25" box="[1298,1428,722,747]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="devriesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF0FF9C535DFD6486AF4DBF" box="[1298,1428,722,747]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">C. devriesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, have different color patterns, and in some species, extensively webbed feet and dermal spines (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B24FFF0FF9C52A3FD4F86AC4C47" author="Boettger" box="[1260,1431,761,787]" pageId="7" pageNumber="47" refString="Boettger, O. (1885) Liste von Reptilien und Batrachiern aus Paraguay. Zeitschrift fur Naturwissenschaften, 58, 213 - 248." type="journal article" year="1885">Boettger 1885</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B24FFF0FF9C56D8FC96826E4C6E" author="Boulenger" box="[151,341,800,826]" pageId="7" pageNumber="47" refString="Boulenger, G. A. (1888) A list of batrachians from the province Santa Catharina, Brazil. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, ser. 6, vol. 1, 199 - 201." type="journal article" year="1888">Boulenger 1888</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B24FFF0FF9C572EFC9681134C6E" author="Dunn" box="[353,552,800,826]" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" refString="Dunn, E. R., Trapido, H. & Evans, H. (1948) A new species of the microhylid frog genus Chiasmocleis from Panama. American Museum Novitates, 1376, 1 - 8." type="journal article" year="1948">
|
||
Dunn
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF0FF9C57E5FC9682DF4C6D" box="[426,484,800,825]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1948
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B24FFF0FF9C547BFC9681814C6E" author="Dunn" box="[564,698,800,826]" pageId="7" pageNumber="48" refString="Dunn, E. R. (1949) Notes on South American frogs of the family Microhylidae. American Museum Novitates, 1419, 1 - 21." type="journal article" year="1949">Dunn 1949</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B24FFF0FF9C5489FC9680A84C6E" author="Bokermann" box="[710,915,800,826]" pageId="7" pageNumber="47" refString="Bokermann, W. C. A. (1952) Microhylidae da colecao do Departamento de Zoologia (Amphibia-Anura). Papeis Avulsos do Departamento de Zoologia, Secretaria da Agricultura - S. Paulo - Brasil, 10, 271 - 292." type="journal article" year="1952">Bokermann 1952</bibRefCitation>
|
||
, Caramaschi & Cruz 1997, Cruz
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF0FF9C5357FC9686684C6D" box="[1304,1363,800,825]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1997, 1999, 2007a,b,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B24FFF0FF9C5703FCF0819A4C34" author="Caramaschi" box="[332,673,838,864]" pageId="7" pageNumber="47" refString="Caramaschi, U. & Pimenta, B. V. S. (2003) Duas novas especies de Chiasmocleis Mehely, 1904 da Mata Atlantica do sul da Bahia, Brasil (Amphibia, Anura, Microhylidae). Arquivos do Museu Nacional, Rio de Janeiro, 61, 195 - 202." type="journal article" year="2003">Caramaschi & Pimenta 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B24FFF0FF9C54E2FCF080B44C34" author="Canedo" box="[685,911,838,864]" pageId="7" pageNumber="47" refString="Canedo, C., Dixo, M. & Pombal, J. P. (2004) A new species of Chiasmocleis Mehely, 1904 (Anura, Microhylidae) from the Atlantic rainforest of Bahia, Brazil. Herpetologica, 60, 495 - 501." type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
Canedo
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF0FF9C5542FCF180734C34" box="[781,840,839,864]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2004
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C373655EFFF0FF93568AFCDB811B4D9B" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636D5FFF0FF9C568AFCDB87614A9F" blockId="7.[151,1437,722,2024]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF0FF9C568AFCDB82CF4CD3" bold="true" box="[197,500,877,903]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
Description of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D28877FFF0FF9C57CFFCDB82D44CD3" box="[384,495,877,903]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Skin above irregularly textured, almost smooth; skin below smooth. Occipital fold absent. Head narrower than body. Snout moderately pointed in dorsal view, most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFF0FF9C52B1FC2282194C87" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="panamensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF0FF9C52B1FC2282194C87" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Chiasmocleis panamensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig. 7C of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B24FFF0FF9C57E1FC0C81744C80" author="Zweifel" box="[430,591,954,980]" pageId="7" pageNumber="49" refString="Zweifel, R. G. (1986) A new genus and species of microhylid frog from the Cerro de la Neblina region of Venezuela and a discussion of relationships among New World microhylid genera. American Museum Novitates, 2863, 1 - 24." type="journal article" year="1986">Zweifel 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||
); rounded and projecting in lateral view; nostrils positioned laterally and directed laterally, at level of tip of lower jaw. Loreal region flat, sloping smoothly to upper jaw. Canthus rostralis rounded. Eyes small. Tympanum not apparent externally; supratympanic fold well developed, extending from posterior corner of eye to insertion of forearm. Skin beneath supratympanic fold bulging laterally. Suprascapula and associated musculature bulging dorsolaterally behind head. Relative length of fingers 3> 4 = 2> 1, tips rounded, not flattened or expanded, circumferential grooves absent; all fingers with lateral fringes, most developed on finger 3, webbing basal between all fingers; subarticular tubercles prominent, round to oval, raised; inner metacarpal tubercle oval, raised, one-half size of outer metacarpal tubercle; outer metacarpal tubercle oval, prominent, raised. Ulnar fold absent. Relative lengths of toes 4> 3> 5> 2> 1, tips rounded, not flattened or expanded, lacking circumferential grooves; lateral fringe present on all toes, most prominent on toes 3 and 4; toes webbed basally; subarticular tubercles prominent, round to oval, raised, more prominent proximally than distally; inner metatarsal tubercle distinct, oval; outer metatarsal tubercle barely visible. Tarsal fold suggested by pale line on outer surface of tarsus. Vent opening directed posteriorly, with moderate dorsal fold; crease present from vent opening to venter.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636D5FFF0FF9C568AFA61820648CF" blockId="7.[151,1437,722,2024]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF0FF9C568AFA6182CB4AA5" bold="true" box="[197,496,1495,1521]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
Osteology of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D28877FFF0FF9C573AFA6182D14AA5" box="[373,490,1495,1521]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Dorsal and ventral views of the skeleton of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D28877FFF0FF9C521AFA6E87F84AA6" box="[1109,1219,1496,1522]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
are shown in the Computed Tomography (CT) scan (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13522A50FFF0FF9C5401FA4881A0494C" box="[590,667,1534,1560]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,255,1652,1676]" captionTargetBox="[238,1348,197,1626]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[238,1348,197,1627]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Computed Tomography (CT) scan of the holotype of Chiasmocleis devriesi (MHNSM 21540, adult female; SVL = 42.2 mm), showing dorsal (above) and ventral (below) views." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190715/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Maxillary arch incomplete, maxilla and quadratojugal not in contact; alary process of premaxilla narrow, long, tilted slightly forward; palatal shelf of premaxilla with moderately sized notch; premaxilla, maxilla, and mandible lacking teeth. Anterior vomer narrow and long, in contact with sphenethmoid; neopalatine not distinguishable. Posteromedial processes of hyoid ossified, straight, and expanded posteriorly. Pectoral girdle with thin clavicle reaching approximately two-thirds length of coracoids, not reaching glenoid region; large medial gap between anterior ends of clavicles; clavicles curved away from midline. Eight presacral vertebrae; sacral vertebra articulating with the coccyx; sacral diapophyses broadly expanded, the width of the lateral margin being approximately 3 times the width of the base. Pelvic girdle broadly U-shaped. Phalangeal formula of hand 2-2-3-3 with slightly expanded terminal phalanges; formula of foot 2-2-3-4-3. Humerus with anterior flange and a short, rounded posterior process on proximal half.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636D5FFF0FF93568AF81181464E18" blockId="7.[151,1437,722,2024]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1437,152,912]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFF0FF9C568AF81182C94895" bold="true" box="[197,498,1959,1985]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">
|
||
Coloration of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D28877FFF0FF9C5734F81182D64895" box="[379,493,1959,1985]" pageId="7" pageNumber="44" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
In life (
|
||
<figureCitation id="13522A50FFF0FF9C5417F81E819B4896" box="[600,672,1960,1986]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,255,1882,1906]" captionTargetBox="[238,1348,194,1858]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[238,1349,194,1858]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Dorsal (above) and ventral (below) views of the holotype of Chiasmocleis devriesi in life (MHNSM 21540, adult female; SVL = 42.2 mm). Photos by W. Chris Funk." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190714/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="44">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
), dorsal and lateral surfaces dark gray with rusty red blotches posteriorly and on limbs; thin cream mid-dorsal stripe from level of the eyes to the vent; snout and eyelids silver-gray. Line of several raised, white spots extending from posterior margin of eye to above insertion of arm. White flecks on dorsal surfaces of limbs, increasing distally. Hidden surfaces of limbs brown with white blotches. Ventral surfaces creamy white with large grayish brown blotches; blotches are largest on belly and chest, becoming smaller and more dense on throat and hindlimbs; blotches with light centers, particularly on belly and chest. Iris bright golden yellow.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636D5FFFFFF93568AFEEF828E4D0F" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,912]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">In preservative, dorsum of body gray with reddish brown tinge posteriorly; limbs similar, but with prominent mottling dorsally on forelimbs and slightly weaker mottling dorsally on hindlimbs; thin cream middorsal line extending from behind eyes to venter; on flanks, dorsal coloration blending smoothly into ventral coloration; venter pale creamy yellow with bold black-brown blotches with pale centers; mottling denser and finer on throat and ventral surfaces of limbs; anterior concealed surfaces of thighs with finer reticulate pattern; posterior concealed surfaces of thighs almost uniformly brown-gray; palmar and plantar surfaces uniformly gray.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636D5FFFFFF93568AFDD1811B4D9B" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,912]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFFFFF93568AFDD181B14DD5" bold="true" box="[197,650,615,641]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||
Measurements of
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D28877FFFFFF9357E7FDD1812E4DD5" box="[424,533,615,641]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(in mm).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
SVL 42.2; HL 10.9; HW 12.5; IN 2.8; EN 2.9; ED 2.8; IOD 4.2; ThL 15.7; TiL 15.4; FL 14.8. Measurements of the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D28877FFFFFF9354B5FD38805A4DFC" box="[762,865,654,680]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
and sympatric
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFFFFF935258FD39864B4DFC" box="[1047,1392,655,680]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventrimaculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFFFFF935258FD39864B4DFC" box="[1047,1392,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Chiasmocleis ventrimaculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are shown for comparison in
|
||
<tableCitation id="C6EB036EFFFFFF93578DFD0381274D9B" box="[450,540,693,719]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="7.[151,246,151,175]" captionText="TABLE 2. Morphological measurements of Chiasmocleis devriesi and C. ventrimaculata from the Amazon" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C373655EFFFFFF93568AFD6D80C64CC4" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636D5FFFFFF93568AFD6D80C64CC4" blockId="8.[151,1437,152,912]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFFFFF93568AFD6D826A4DA1" bold="true" box="[197,337,731,757]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific name is a noun in the genitive case and a patronym for Philip J. DeVries, one of the most influential researchers in tropical ecology and the person responsible for introducing WCF to tropical biology and the Amazon basin. Appropriately, DeVries’ long-term studies of Amazonian butterfly diversity (e.g.,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B24FFFFFF935695FCE682FB4C3E" author="DeVries" box="[218,448,848,874]" pageId="8" pageNumber="47" refString="DeVries, P. J., Walla, T. R. & Greeney, H. F. (1999) Species diversity in spatial and temporal dimensions of fruit-feeding butterflies from two Ecuadorian rainforests. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 68, 333 - 353." type="journal article" year="1999">
|
||
DeVries
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFFFFF93570EFCE682404C3D" box="[321,379,848,873]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
1999
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B24FFFFFF935783FCE681314C3E" author="DeVries" box="[460,522,848,874]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="48" pageId="8" pageNumber="47" refString="DeVries, P. J., Austin, G. T. & Martin, N. H. (2008) Diel activity and reproductive isolation in a diverse assemblage of Neotropical skippers (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae). Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 94, 723 - 736." type="journal article" year="2008">2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B24FFFFFF935459FCE680194C3E" author="DeVries" box="[534,802,848,874]" pageId="8" pageNumber="47" refString="DeVries, P. J. & Walla, T. R. (2001) Species diversity and community structure in neotropical fruit-feeding butterflies. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 74, 1 - 15." type="journal article" year="2001">DeVries & Walla 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) have highlighted the ubiquity and importance of rare species, such as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFFFFF935718FCC181634CC4" box="[343,600,887,912]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="devriesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFFFFF935718FCC181634CC4" box="[343,600,887,912]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Chiasmocleis devriesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, in lowland Amazonian rainforests.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="DF16665DFFFFFF9356D8F822828948A5" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190716/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" targetBox="[181,1413,963,1915]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636D5FFFFFF9356D8F822828948A5" blockId="8.[151,1436,1940,2033]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFFFFF9356D8F822822648F8" bold="true" box="[151,285,1940,1964]" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
|
||
Map showing the known distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFFFFF935490F82280F448FF" box="[735,975,1940,1963]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="8" pageNumber="45" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="devriesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFFFFF935490F82280F448FF" box="[735,975,1940,1963]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="45">Chiasmocleis devriesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
at the Amazon Conservatory for Tropical Studies (ACTS) Field Station (indicated by star). Color shows elevation (white = below 200 m; light gray = 200–500 m; dark gray = above 500 m).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C373655EFFFEFF92568AFF2181BF4C3E" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636D5FFFEFF92568AFF2186334D0F" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,874]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFFEFF92568AFF2181584FE5" bold="true" box="[197,611,151,177]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Distribution and natural history.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFFEFF925424FF2E80544FE5" box="[619,879,152,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="devriesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFFEFF925424FF2E80544FE5" box="[619,879,152,177]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Chiasmocleis devriesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is only known from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D28877FFFEFF9252D9FF2E863B4FE6" box="[1174,1280,152,178]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
, found at the Amazon Conservatory for Tropical Studies (ACTS) Field Station,
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B30FFFEFF92558EFF0887364F8C" box="[961,1037,190,216]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" unit="km" value="65.0">65 km</quantity>
|
||
NE of Iquitos, Departamento de Loreto,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37E7645FFFEFF9256BBFF5382114FAB" box="[244,298,229,255]" name="Peru" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="13522A50FFFEFF925775FF5382B84FAB" box="[314,387,229,255]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="8.[151,256,1940,1964]" captionTargetBox="[181,1413,963,1915]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[151,1436,933,1942]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 4. Map showing the known distribution of Chiasmocleis devriesi at the Amazon Conservatory for Tropical Studies (ACTS) Field Station (indicated by star). Color shows elevation (white = below 200 m; light gray = 200 – 500 m; dark gray = above 500 m)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/190716/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||
). The
|
||
<typeStatus id="54D28877FFFEFF925782FF53810F4FAB" box="[461,564,229,255]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
was collected in unflooded (terra firme) primary rainforest approximately
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B30FFFEFF9256D8FEBA83D64E72" box="[151,237,268,294]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" unit="km" value="1.3">1.3 km</quantity>
|
||
SSE of the ACTS Field Station at
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B30FFFEFF9254EEFEBA81D54E72" box="[673,750,268,294]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.02" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" unit="m" value="102.0">102 m</quantity>
|
||
elevation. It was found at 21:25 hrs on the ground in a “lindero”, a linear clearing of forest (approximately
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B30FFFEFF925574FE8480A04E18" box="[827,923,306,332]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" unit="m" value="7.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="5.0">5–10 m</quantity>
|
||
wide) demarcating a boundary between properties. WCF and C. Torres-Gastello searched the forests surrounding ACTS for several hours each day and night for three weeks, but only found this single representative of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFFEFF925255FE36879F4ECD" box="[1050,1188,384,409]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="devriesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFFEFF925255FE36879F4ECD" box="[1050,1188,384,409]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">C. devriesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; the species is thus apparently rare at this site. The female had many small (approximately
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B30FFFEFF9255BBFE1087024E94" box="[1012,1081,422,448]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
diameter) mature, pigmented eggs. No typical microhylid breeding sites, such as ponds, swamps, or lakes, were in the immediate vicinity. Some small (approximately
|
||
<quantity id="4C919B30FFFEFF9257ACFE4281154D5A" box="[483,558,500,526]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" unit="m" value="3.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="2.0">2–5 m</quantity>
|
||
diameter), empty indentations, however, were observed on the forest floor which may fill in the rainy season, potentially serving as breeding sites. Other microhylids found at the ACTS Field Station were
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFFEFF92573BFDF781F04D0E" box="[372,715,577,602]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventrimaculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFFEFF92573BFDF781F04D0E" box="[372,715,577,602]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Chiasmocleis ventrimaculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFFEFF925495FDF780624D0E" box="[730,857,577,602]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bassleri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFFEFF925495FDF780624D0E" box="[730,857,577,602]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">C. bassleri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFFEFF925528FDF787084D0E" box="[871,1075,577,602]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Syncope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antenori">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFFEFF925528FDF787084D0E" box="[871,1075,577,602]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Syncope antenori</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFFEFF92523BFDF7863A4D0E" box="[1140,1281,577,602]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Syncope" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carvalhoi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFFEFF92523BFDF7863A4D0E" box="[1140,1281,577,602]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">S. carvalhoi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BD636D5FFFEFF92568AFDD181BF4C3E" blockId="9.[151,1437,151,874]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFFEFF92568AFDD182EA4DD5" bold="true" box="[197,465,615,641]" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Sequence divergence.</emphasis>
|
||
Uncorrected sequence divergence between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFFEFF925598FDDE876C4DD5" box="[983,1111,616,641]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="devriesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFFEFF925598FDDE876C4DD5" box="[983,1111,616,641]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">C. devriesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFFEFF9252DDFDDE865C4DD5" box="[1170,1383,616,641]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ventrimaculata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFFEFF9252DDFDDE865C4DD5" box="[1170,1383,616,641]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">C. ventrimaculata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was 6.1% and between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFFEFF925735FD3982C74DFC" box="[378,508,655,680]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="devriesi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFFEFF925735FD3982C74DFC" box="[378,508,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">C. devriesi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFFEFF925478FD3981834DFC" box="[567,696,655,680]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Chiasmocleis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="bassleri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFFEFF925478FD3981834DFC" box="[567,696,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">C. bassleri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was 11.9% at 12S-16S mtDNA genes. This level of sequence divergence is higher than that seen (in the same genes) between recognized species that are well differentiated by call and morphological characteristics, providing additional evidence that these are distinct species. For example, mean corrected sequence divergence at 12S-16S genes between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C694D56FFFEFF9255BCFCB487DF4C4F" box="[1011,1252,770,795]" class="Amphibia" family="Leiuperidae" genus="Physalaemus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="9" pageNumber="46" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="petersi">
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFFEFF9255BCFCB487DF4C4F" box="[1011,1252,770,795]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">Physalaemus petersi</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFFEFF925353FCB486A34C4F" box="[1308,1432,770,795]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">P. f re i b e rg i</emphasis>
|
||
is 4.6% (Funk
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFFEFF925706FC9F82BD4C16" box="[329,390,809,834]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2007). Molecular markers have been useful in delineation of other cryptic Amazonian frog species as well (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF84B24FFFEFF9257C3FCE6814C4C3E" author="Fouquet" box="[396,631,848,874]" pageId="9" pageNumber="48" refString="Fouquet, A., Gilles, A., Vences, M., Marty, C., Blanc, M. & Gemmell, N. J. (2007) Underestimation of species richness in neotropical frogs revealed by mtDNA analyses. Plos Biology, 2, e 1109." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Fouquet
|
||
<emphasis id="B91DEAC7FFFEFF9257BAFCE6810B4C3D" box="[501,560,848,873]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="46">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2007
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |