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<document id="3E7B83C031E66199B7A9642314F3F230" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4243.3.9SLASH10513" ID-CLB-Dataset="36260" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4243.3.9" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2b232137-cbe6-4fe4-acbe-e4f210b81460" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="400213" ID-ZooBank="11652EBD-3C53-460A-ADF6-D4B14BC5C900" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1489657995509" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Meshram, Naresh M." docDate="2017" docId="03F787B6FFF9E373BDFE05A15B4890E4" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4243.3.9SLASH10513.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4243 (3)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Sophonia tridenta Meshram, 2017, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="585" masterDocId="FFCEFFCEFFFEE37BBD6905365E4D9229" masterDocTitle="Review of the genus Sophonia (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) with three new species from India" masterLastPageNumber="588" masterPageNumber="577" pageNumber="584" updateTime="1698438064288" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="28869B0F2DBFDB30E7F24281BD62DB59" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:title id="CE72499638992BAC0A985E00BBF5AFAF">Review of the genus Sophonia (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) with three new species from India</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="75AFACA412FE4D590F01FDA789EB38E8">Meshram, Naresh M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="FBAB85ABB5842FD826891A96708BFD84">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="B6E9A1872423DE1F53CFD75222211F44">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:identifier id="C299CC50506D8ADFB8F4E1E4C95A2A5D" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4243.3.9</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F787B6FFF9E373BDFE05A15B4890E4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6016509" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127844737" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6016509" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F787B6FFF9E373BDFE05A15B4890E4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F787B6FFF9E373BDFE05A15B4890E4" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="585" pageId="7" pageNumber="584">
<subSubSection id="C344652BFFF9E37CBDFE05A15FD392FA" pageId="7" pageNumber="584" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE136A0FFF9E37CBDFE05A15F98929B" blockId="7.[151,469,151,211]" box="[151,469,151,178]" pageId="7" pageNumber="584">
<heading id="D0A981CCFFF9E37CBDFE05A15F98929B" bold="true" box="[151,469,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="584" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B92AEAB2FFF9E37CBDFE05A15F98929B" bold="true" box="[151,469,151,178]" pageId="7" pageNumber="584">
<taxonomicName id="4C5E4D23FFF9E37CBDFE05A15F3D9298" ID-CoL="8JZ7R" box="[151,368,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Sophonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tridenta" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92AEAB2FFF9E37CBDFE05A15F3D9298" bold="true" box="[151,368,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="584">Sophonia tridenta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21957C9FFF9E37CBC1E05AE5F98929B" box="[375,469,152,178]" pageId="7" pageNumber="584" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE136A0FFF9E37CBDFE058C5FD392FA" blockId="7.[151,469,151,211]" box="[151,414,186,211]" pageId="7" pageNumber="584">(Figs. 14, 29,44,53–59)</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C344652BFFF9E373BDFE04355BDD93E6" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="585" pageId="7" pageNumber="584" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE136A0FFF9E37CBDFE04355D1C93AE" blockId="7.[151,1436,258,499]" pageId="7" pageNumber="584">Vertex pale yellow with apical ovalblack spot and two median longitudinal linesfused near hindmargin, continued on pronotum and scutellum as median stripe. Forewing yellowish, with dark brown stripe along anal margin rarely reaching apex of clavus, claval apex brown; costal margin with anterior, oblique and two posterior transverseblack fasciae; second apical cell with black spot (Figs. 14, 29 &amp; 44).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE136A0FFF9E37CBDAE04A45C7F93DA" blockId="7.[151,1436,258,499]" pageId="7" pageNumber="584">
Head bluntly produced. Ocelli near lateral margins of vertex, distance between eye and ocellus2.6x diameter of ocellus(
<figureCitation id="13652A25FFF9E37CBD9A04805F7093E6" box="[243,317,438,463]" captionStart="FIGURES 31 – 45" captionStartId="4.[157,270,1416,1439]" captionTargetBox="[166,1426,212,1389]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1395]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 31 – 45. Head &amp; pronotum Sophonia species 31. S. bakeri Viraktamath &amp; Wesley; 32. S. bifida Viraktamath &amp; Wesley; 33. S. chandrai Meshram &amp; Ramamurthy; 34. S. complexa Viraktamath &amp; Wesley; 35. S. complicata Viraktamath &amp; Wesley; 36. S. illuminata (Distant); 37. S. insignis Distant 38. S. intricata sp. nov.; 39. S. keralica Viraktamath &amp; Wesley; 40. S. linealis (Distant); 41. S. longicephala (Ahmed &amp; Mahmood); 42. S. longitudinalis (Distant); 43. S. modesta (Distant); 44. S. tridenta sp. nov.; 45. S. vidarvya sp. nov." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/400215/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="584">Fig.44</figureCitation>
). Vertex broadly concave and punctuate. Scutellum as long as pronotum, Pronotum 0.7x longer than broad and as long asvertex (
<figureCitation id="13652A25FFF9E37CBCB804EC5C6893DA" box="[465,549,474,499]" captionStart="FIGURES 31 – 45" captionStartId="4.[157,270,1416,1439]" captionTargetBox="[166,1426,212,1389]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[151,1436,193,1395]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURES 31 – 45. Head &amp; pronotum Sophonia species 31. S. bakeri Viraktamath &amp; Wesley; 32. S. bifida Viraktamath &amp; Wesley; 33. S. chandrai Meshram &amp; Ramamurthy; 34. S. complexa Viraktamath &amp; Wesley; 35. S. complicata Viraktamath &amp; Wesley; 36. S. illuminata (Distant); 37. S. insignis Distant 38. S. intricata sp. nov.; 39. S. keralica Viraktamath &amp; Wesley; 40. S. linealis (Distant); 41. S. longicephala (Ahmed &amp; Mahmood); 42. S. longitudinalis (Distant); 43. S. modesta (Distant); 44. S. tridenta sp. nov.; 45. S. vidarvya sp. nov." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/400215/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="584">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF216628FFF9E37CBDFE025D5D019589" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/400217/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="584" targetBox="[156,1431,556,1870]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="8BE136A0FFF9E37CBDFE025D5D019589" blockId="7.[151,1436,1899,1952]" pageId="7" pageNumber="584">
<emphasis id="B92AEAB2FFF9E37CBDFE025D5F1A95A8" bold="true" box="[151,343,1899,1922]" pageId="7" pageNumber="584">FIGURES 53–59.</emphasis>
Genitalia male
<taxonomicName id="4C5E4D23FFF9E37CBF68025A5CF795AB" box="[513,698,1900,1922]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Sophonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="584" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tridenta" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B92AEAB2FFF9E37CBF68025A5CF795AB" box="[513,698,1900,1922]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="584">Sophonia tridenta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B92AEAB2FFF9E37CBFAD025A5D5595A8" bold="true" box="[708,792,1900,1921]" pageId="7" pageNumber="584">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A21957C9FFF9E37CBFAD025A5D5595A8" box="[708,792,1900,1921]" pageId="7" pageNumber="584" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
53. Male genitalia; 54. Pygofer process; 55. Connective; 56. Style; 57, 58. Aedeagus, lateral &amp; caudal view; 59. Subgenital plate.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE136A0FFF6E373BDAE05A15D9A9384" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">
Male genitalia. Pygofer suboval, with several macrosetae in posterior half, ventral process long, pointed apically with subapical spinelike tridentate process below which single toothlike spine arises (
<figureCitation id="13652A25FFF6E373B869058A5BDD92FC" box="[1280,1424,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURES 53 – 59" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1899,1922]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,556,1870]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,551,1878]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 53 – 59. Genitalia male Sophonia tridenta sp. nov. 53. Male genitalia; 54. Pygofer process; 55. Connective; 56. Style; 57, 58. Aedeagus, lateral &amp; caudal view; 59. Subgenital plate." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/400217/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">Figs. 53–54</figureCitation>
). Subgenital plate broader medially than at apex and base with median row of six stout macrosetae (
<figureCitation id="13652A25FFF6E373B99005E95B0392D1" box="[1273,1358,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 53 – 59" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1899,1922]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,556,1870]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,551,1878]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 53 – 59. Genitalia male Sophonia tridenta sp. nov. 53. Male genitalia; 54. Pygofer process; 55. Connective; 56. Style; 57, 58. Aedeagus, lateral &amp; caudal view; 59. Subgenital plate." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/400217/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">Fig. 59</figureCitation>
). Style withshort preapical lobe, apophysis short, apex short, beaklike (
<figureCitation id="13652A25FFF6E373BE1F04325D839334" box="[886,974,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURES 53 – 59" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1899,1922]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,556,1870]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,551,1878]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 53 – 59. Genitalia male Sophonia tridenta sp. nov. 53. Male genitalia; 54. Pygofer process; 55. Connective; 56. Style; 57, 58. Aedeagus, lateral &amp; caudal view; 59. Subgenital plate." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/400217/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">Fig. 56</figureCitation>
). Connective Y-shaped with stem
<date id="FFE01060FFF6E373B83004325B369335" box="[1369,1403,260,284]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">3X</date>
as long as arms, apex expanded (
<figureCitation id="13652A25FFF6E373BF6104115C189369" box="[520,597,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURES 53 – 59" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1899,1922]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,556,1870]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,551,1878]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 53 – 59. Genitalia male Sophonia tridenta sp. nov. 53. Male genitalia; 54. Pygofer process; 55. Connective; 56. Style; 57, 58. Aedeagus, lateral &amp; caudal view; 59. Subgenital plate." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/400217/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">Fig.55</figureCitation>
). Aedeagus with dorsal apodome elongated, slender, dorsally directed, without processes; shaft tubular, dorsoanteriorly curved with pair of long, straight processes arising at base and extended posterodorsad, pair of slender subapical processes directed caudally, each with spine near midlength laterally, apex of shaft with membranous elongated structure (
<figureCitation id="13652A25FFF6E373BE2504A25D869384" box="[844,971,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURES 53 – 59" captionStartId="7.[151,264,1899,1922]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,556,1870]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,551,1878]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURES 53 – 59. Genitalia male Sophonia tridenta sp. nov. 53. Male genitalia; 54. Pygofer process; 55. Connective; 56. Style; 57, 58. Aedeagus, lateral &amp; caudal view; 59. Subgenital plate." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/400217/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">Fig. 57–58</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE136A0FFF6E373BDAE04815BDD93E6" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,717]" box="[199,1424,439,464]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">
<emphasis id="B92AEAB2FFF6E373BDAE04815F3093F9" bold="true" box="[199,381,439,464]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">Measurements.</emphasis>
Male
<quantity id="4CA69B45FFF6E373BCAD048E5C5793E6" box="[452,538,440,464]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" unit="mm" value="4.4">4.4 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4CA69B45FFF6E373BF08048E5CFA93E6" box="[609,695,440,464]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" unit="mm" value="0.9">0.9 mm</quantity>
wide across eyes,
<quantity id="4CA69B45FFF6E373BEE1048E5D9393E6" box="[904,990,440,464]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
wide across hind margin of pronotum.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C344652BFFF6E373BDAE04EA5ACE9031" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE136A0FFF6E373BDAE04EA5ACE9031" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">
<materialsCitation id="3B363CFDFFF6E373BDAE04EA5CD99031" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1440156725" collectingDate="2012-06-09" country="India" latitude="27.330002" location="Gangtok" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="88.62" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Sikkim" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B92AEAB2FFF6E373BDAE04EA5F3C93DC" bold="true" box="[199,369,476,501]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">
<typeStatus id="54E58802FFF6E373BDAE04EA5F4F93DC" box="[199,258,476,501]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">Type</typeStatus>
material
</emphasis>
.
<typeStatus id="54E58802FFF6E373BCEA04EA5FA693DC" box="[387,491,476,501]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="9D58FD29FFF6E373BC9C04EB5C4193DD" box="[501,524,477,500]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3497630FFF6E373BF7504EA5C3D93DD" box="[540,624,476,500]" name="India" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">INDIA</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="499AF842FFF6E373BF1704EA5C9E93DC" box="[638,723,476,501]" country="India" name="Sikkim" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">Sikkim</collectingRegion>
:
<location id="8E81607BFFF6E373BF8804EA5D0C93DC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F787B6FFF9E373BDFE05A15B4890E4:8E81607BFFF6E373BF8804EA5D0C93DC" box="[737,833,476,501]" country="India" latitude="27.330002" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="88.62" name="Gangtok" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" stateProvince="Sikkim">Gangtok</location>
(
<geoCoordinate id="EE6A5067FFF6E373BE3C04EA5DBE93DD" box="[853,1011,476,501]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" precision="15" value="27.330002">27° 19′ 48″ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6A5067FFF6E373BE9704EA5ADA93DD" box="[1022,1175,476,501]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" precision="15" value="88.62">88° 37′ 12″ E</geoCoordinate>
, 1600 M),
<date id="FFE01060FFF6E373B87404EA5BDA93DC" box="[1309,1431,476,501]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" value="2012-06-09">
<collectingDate id="EFA4E988FFF6E373B87404EA5BDA93DC" box="[1309,1431,476,501]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" value="2012-06-09">09.vi.2012</collectingDate>
</date>
, Mercury vapour lamp, Naresh Meshram Coll
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B363CFDFFF6E373BFF707365A329031" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1440156723" box="[670,1151,511,536]" collectingDate="2012-06-09" collectionCode="NPC" country="India" latitude="27.330002" location="Holotype" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="88.62" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Sikkim" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="54E58802FFF6E373BFF707365D469031" box="[670,779,512,536]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="9D58FD29FFF6E373BE7B07365D6A903E" box="[786,807,512,535]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
same data as
<location id="8E81607BFFF6E373BEAA04C95A669031" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F787B6FFF9E373BDFE05A15B4890E4:8E81607BFFF6E373BEAA04C95A669031" box="[963,1067,511,536]" name="Holotype" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">Holotype</location>
(
<collectionCode id="ED4FAE65FFF6E373B95307365A3A9031" box="[1082,1143,512,536]" country="India" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/nwky-2b63" name="National Pusa Collection" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">NPC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C344652BFFF6E373BDAE07125AB19015" box="[199,1276,548,573]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BE136A0FFF6E373BDAE07125AB19015" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,717]" box="[199,1276,548,573]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">
<emphasis id="B92AEAB2FFF6E373BDAE07125F0B9014" bold="true" box="[199,326,548,573]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">Etymology</emphasis>
. The species name alludes to the tridentate spinelike process on the pygofer process.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C344652BFFF6E373BDAE07715B4890E4" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE136A0FFF6E373BDAE07715B4890E4" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,717]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">
<emphasis id="B92AEAB2FFF6E373BDAE07715F769049" bold="true" box="[199,315,583,608]" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">Remarks.</emphasis>
Externally this species closely resembles to
<taxonomicName id="4C5E4D23FFF6E373BE56077E5AB29049" authority="Viraktamath &amp; Wesley" authorityName="Viraktamath &amp; Wesley" box="[831,1279,583,608]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Sophonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicephala">
<emphasis id="B92AEAB2FFF6E373BE56077E5DBD9049" box="[831,1008,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">S. longicephala</emphasis>
Viraktamath &amp; Wesley
</taxonomicName>
(Fig. 11, 73– 79), but differs in having (features of
<taxonomicName id="4C5E4D23FFF6E373BF32075A5D4090AD" box="[603,781,620,644]" class="Insecta" family="Cicadellidae" genus="Sophonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="585" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicephala">
<emphasis id="B92AEAB2FFF6E373BF32075A5D4090AD" box="[603,781,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="585">S. longicephala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in parentheses): pygofer ventral process with subapical spinelike tridentate process below which single spine arises (ventral process dorsally serrated);aedeagal shaft with subapical processes each with spine in the middle laterally (processes of aedeagus without any spine)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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