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<document id="3585CA03A6D21A4A1CAD1F48A8CBF166" ID="10.11646/zootaxa.4244.1.1SLASH10518" ID-CLB-Dataset="36256" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4244.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="05f1a37b-29f3-4bca-a735-178a3373bb8a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="400400" ID-ZooBank="781D71C8-4632-4D1B-8D82-F77CA1146029" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1489738266586" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Hogans, W. E." docDate="2017" docId="03F777535B7FFFF5D6A0FB3475A4F05B" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4244.1.1SLASH10518.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4244 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Pennella balaenoptera Koren &amp; Danielssen 1877" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="10" masterDocId="FFCE0F2B5B77FFFFD637FFC57039F11B" masterDocTitle="Review of Pennella Oken, 1816 (Copepoda: Pennellidae) with a description of Pennella benzi sp. nov., a parasite of Escolar, Lepidocybium flavobrunneum (Pisces) in the northwest Atlantic Ocean" masterLastPageNumber="38" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="9" updateTime="1698438091026" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="818B3271A0C2CC507E9AEE0427BA25DB">Review of Pennella Oken, 1816 (Copepoda: Pennellidae) with a description of Pennella benzi sp. nov., a parasite of Escolar, Lepidocybium flavobrunneum (Pisces) in the northwest Atlantic Ocean</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="477E96A68F32A4D3449DEFEB328F3624">Hogans, W. E.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="172AAA93A83D18410182B5241D03E36E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="14B77C1EF776E8FDAE9E5BEA63AAED34">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:classification id="5932882A0315EEC7B33058550652DEA3">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="CE32C2F5760262CD42266A7A76AECD89" type="CLB-Dataset">36256</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="EB6EA4542932A0609E05F2EF31DD3D1F" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4244.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3E4392B8F053BF67D5FB04760E185F0F" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03F777535B7FFFF5D6A0FB3475A4F05B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6052489" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127847746" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6052489" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F777535B7FFFF5D6A0FB3475A4F05B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03F777535B7FFFF5D6A0FB3475A4F05B" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<subSubSection id="C34495CE5B7FFFF7D6A0FB34712BF436" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BE1C6455B7FFFF7D6A0FB3472CDF410" blockId="8.[151,756,1265,1325]" box="[151,756,1265,1291]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<heading id="D0A971295B7FFFF7D6A0FB3472CDF410" bold="true" box="[151,756,1265,1291]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC65B7FFFF7D6A0FB3472CDF410" authority="Koren &amp; Danielssen, 1877" authorityName="Koren &amp; Danielssen" authorityYear="1877" box="[151,756,1265,1291]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Pennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balaenoptera">
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7FFFF7D6A0FB3472CDF410" bold="true" box="[151,756,1265,1291]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7FFFF7D6A0FB347191F410" bold="true" box="[151,424,1265,1291]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Pennella balaenoptera</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFBBB45B7FFFF7D798FB3472CDF410" author="Koren" box="[431,756,1265,1291]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Koren, J. &amp; Danielssen, D. C. (1877) A species of the genus Pennella, Pennella balaenoptera, nobis. Fauna Littoralis Norvegiae, 3, 157 - 163." type="journal article" year="1877">Koren &amp; Danielssen, 1877</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE1C6455B7FFFF7D6A0FAD1712BF436" blockId="8.[151,756,1265,1325]" box="[151,274,1300,1325]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">(Figs. 4, 5)</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34495CE5B7FFFF7D6A0FA9972F9F483" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BE1C6455B7FFFF7D6A0FA9972F9F483" blockId="8.[151,1436,1372,1972]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7FFFF7D6A0FA997120F46E" bold="true" box="[151,281,1372,1397]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Synonyms.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC65B7FFFF7D717FA987264F46F" authority="Quidor, 1912" authorityName="Quidor" authorityYear="1912" box="[288,605,1372,1397]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Pennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="antarctica">
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7FFFF7D717FA987197F46F" box="[288,430,1373,1396]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. antarctica</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFBBB45B7FFFF7D78AFA99726CF46F" author="Quidor" box="[445,597,1372,1397]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Quidor, A. (1912) Deuxieme Expedition Antarctique Francaise. (1908 - 1910). Copepodes parasites. Scientifics Naturals, Documents Scientifiques, Paris, 214 pp." type="book chapter" year="1912">Quidor, 1912</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC65B7FFFF7D45CFA9873A3F46F" authority="Quidor, 1912" authorityName="Quidor" authorityYear="1912" box="[619,922,1372,1397]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Pennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anthonyi">
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7FFFF7D45CFA9872D0F46E" box="[619,745,1372,1397]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. anthonyi</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFBBB45B7FFFF7D4CFFA9973AAF46F" author="Quidor" box="[760,915,1372,1397]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Quidor, A. (1912) Deuxieme Expedition Antarctique Francaise. (1908 - 1910). Copepodes parasites. Scientifics Naturals, Documents Scientifiques, Paris, 214 pp." type="book chapter" year="1912">Quidor, 1912</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC65B7FFFF7D591FA98749DF46F" authority="Quidor, 1912" authorityName="Quidor" authorityYear="1912" box="[934,1188,1372,1397]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Pennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cetti">
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7FFFF7D591FA9873CBF46F" box="[934,1010,1373,1396]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. cetti</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFBBB45B7FFFF7D235FA9974A5F46F" author="Quidor" box="[1026,1180,1372,1397]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Quidor, A. (1912) Deuxieme Expedition Antarctique Francaise. (1908 - 1910). Copepodes parasites. Scientifics Naturals, Documents Scientifiques, Paris, 214 pp." type="book chapter" year="1912">Quidor, 1912</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC65B7FFFF7D287FA9870E3F483" authority="Quidor, 1912" authorityName="Quidor" authorityYear="1912" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Pennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="charchoti">
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7FFFF7D287FA98750FF46E" box="[1200,1334,1372,1397]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. charchoti</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFBBB45B7FFFF7D372FA9970EAF483" author="Quidor" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Quidor, A. (1912) Deuxieme Expedition Antarctique Francaise. (1908 - 1910). Copepodes parasites. Scientifics Naturals, Documents Scientifiques, Paris, 214 pp." type="book chapter" year="1912">Quidor, 1912</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC65B7FFFF7D6D1FA4472F9F483" authority="Steenstrup &amp; Lutken, 1861" authorityName="Steenstrup &amp; Lutken" authorityYear="1861" box="[230,704,1407,1432]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Pennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassicornis">
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7FFFF7D6D1FA4471B2F483" box="[230,395,1409,1432]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. crassicornis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFBBB45B7FFFF7D7A6FA4572F9F483" author="Steenstrup" box="[401,704,1407,1432]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Steenstrup, J. J. S. &amp; Lutken, C. (1861) Bidrag til kundskab om det nabne havs snyltkrebs og Lernaeer. Kogl. Dansk. Fidensk. Selsk. Skrift., Raekke naturh of mathem. Afdeling, 5, 343 - 432." type="journal article" year="1861">Steenstrup &amp; Lutken, 1861</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34495CE5B7FFFF7D6F0FA6174F3F733" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BE1C6455B7FFFF7D6F0FA6173AFF4A7" blockId="8.[151,1436,1372,1972]" box="[199,918,1444,1469]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<materialsCitation id="3B36CC185B7FFFF7D6F0FA6173AFF4A7" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="1440667658" box="[199,918,1444,1469]" location="North Sea." pageId="8" pageNumber="9" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7FFFF7D6F0FA6171EBF4A6" bold="true" box="[199,466,1444,1469]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<typeStatus id="54E578E75B7FFFF7D6F0FA61713BF4A6" box="[199,258,1444,1469]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Type</typeStatus>
host and locality.
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7FFFF7D7EEFA617336F4A7" box="[473,783,1444,1469]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC65B7FFFF7D7EEFA617248F4A6" box="[473,625,1444,1469]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Pennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balaenoptera">Balaenoptera</taxonomicName>
acutorostrata
</emphasis>
,
<location id="8E81909E5B7FFFF7D529FA6173AFF4A7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03F777535B7FFFF5D6A0FB3475A4F05B:8E81909E5B7FFFF7D529FA6173AFF4A7" box="[798,918,1444,1469]" name="North Sea." pageId="8" pageNumber="9">North Sea.</location>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE1C6455B7FFFF7D6F0FA0274F3F733" blockId="8.[151,1436,1372,1972]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7FFFF7D6F0FA027159F4FB" bold="true" box="[199,352,1479,1504]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Morphology.</emphasis>
Size:
<quantity id="4CA66BA05B7FFFF7D79CFA02727CF4C4" box="[427,581,1479,1504]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.475" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="1.75" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="mm" value="247.5" valueMax="320.0" valueMin="175.0">175–320 mm</quantity>
. Papillae: full or partial coverage, generally spherical, variable in size and shape, not found in organized groups. Holdfasts: usually three, laterals can be very long; dorsal horn shorter. First antenna with three segments, second with two segments. Plumes: dendritic, complex branching.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C34495CE5B7FFFF5D6F0F9F175A4F05B" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BE1C6455B7FFFF7D6F0F9F170D9F6AF" blockId="8.[151,1436,1372,1972]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7FFFF7D6F0F9F17102F756" bold="true" box="[199,315,1588,1613]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Remarks.</emphasis>
A valid species.
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC65B7FFFF7D7CDF9F172C3F756" box="[506,762,1588,1613]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Pennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balaenoptera">
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7FFFF7D7CDF9F172C3F756" box="[506,762,1588,1613]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Pennella balaenoptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is the largest of all copepods and is the only
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC65B7FFFF7D2C7F9F1756DF756" box="[1264,1364,1588,1613]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Pennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7FFFF7D2C7F9F1756DF756" box="[1264,1364,1588,1613]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Pennella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
found so far on marine mammals (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFBBB45B7FFFF7D7C3F99D72ABF76B" author="Hogans" box="[500,658,1624,1648]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Hogans, W. E. (1987) Morphological variability in Pennella balaenoptera and P. filose (Copepoda: Pennellidae) with a review of the genus Pennella Oken, 1816 parasitic on Cetacea. Bulletin of Marine Science, 40, 442 - 453." type="journal article" year="1987">Hogans 1987</bibRefCitation>
) and as such is unique amongst the mesoparasitic Copepoda in parasitizing warm-blooded hosts.
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC65B7FFFF7D41AF9B9730FF78E" box="[557,822,1660,1685]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Pennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balaenoptera">
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7FFFF7D41AF9B9730FF78E" box="[557,822,1660,1685]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Pennella balaenoptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a pan-global parasite of whales (
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7FFFF7D333F9B97117F7A3" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC65B7FFFF7D333F9B975A5F78E" box="[1284,1436,1660,1685]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Pennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="8" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balaenoptera">Balaenoptera</taxonomicName>
acutorostrata
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7FFFF7D775F96471F1F7A3" box="[322,456,1695,1720]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">B. physalus</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7FFFF7D43EF96472B1F7A3" box="[521,648,1695,1720]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">B. borealis</emphasis>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFBBB45B7FFFF7D4ABF965730FF7A3" author="Hogans" box="[668,822,1696,1720]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Hogans, W. E. (1987) Morphological variability in Pennella balaenoptera and P. filose (Copepoda: Pennellidae) with a review of the genus Pennella Oken, 1816 parasitic on Cetacea. Bulletin of Marine Science, 40, 442 - 453." type="journal article" year="1987">Hogans 1987</bibRefCitation>
and references therein) and dolphins and porpoises (Rissos,
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC65B7FFFF7D6CEF9007183F7C7" box="[249,442,1733,1756]" class="Mammalia" family="Delphinidae" genus="Grampus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cetacea" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="griseus">
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7FFFF7D6CEF9007183F7C7" box="[249,442,1733,1756]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Grampus griseus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and bottlenose,
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7FFFF7D441F9007371F7C7" box="[630,840,1733,1756]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Turisops truncatus</emphasis>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFBBB45B7FFFF7D56EF9017445F7C7" author="Vecchione" box="[857,1148,1732,1757]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Vecchione, A. &amp; Aznar, F. J. (2014) The mesoparasitic copepod Pennella balaenoptera and its significance as a visible indicator of the health status in dolphins (Delphinidae): a review. Journal of Marine Animals and their Ecology, 7 (1), 4 - 11." type="journal article" year="2014">Vecchione &amp; Aznar 2014</bibRefCitation>
; striped dolphin,
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC65B7FFFF7D374F9017235F61B" authority="Aznar et al., 2005" authorityName="Aznar et al." authorityYear="2005" class="Mammalia" family="Delphinidae" genus="Stenella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cetacea" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coeruleoalba">
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7FFFF7D374F9017112F61B" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Stenella coeruleoalba</emphasis>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFBBB45B7FFFF7D70DF92D7235F61B" author="Aznar" box="[314,524,1767,1792]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Aznar, F. J., Perdiguero, D., Perez Del Olmo, A., Repulles, A., Agusti, C. &amp; Raga, J. A. (2005) Changes in epizoic crustacean infestations during cetacean die-offs: the mass mortality of Mediterranean striped dolphins (Stenella coeruleoalba) revisited. Diseases of Aquatic Organisms, 67, 236 - 247." type="journal article" year="2005">
Aznar
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7FFFF7D7B0F92C71F8F61B" box="[391,449,1767,1792]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al.</emphasis>
, 2005
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
; harbor porpoise,
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7FFFF7D4ECF92273F8F61B" box="[731,961,1767,1792]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Phocaena phocaena</emphasis>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFBBB45B7FFFF7D5E7F92D7490F61B" author="Danyer" box="[976,1193,1767,1792]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Danyer, E., Tonay, A. M., Aytemiz, I., Dede, A., Yildirim, F. &amp; Gurez, A. (2014) First report of infestation by a parasitic copepod (Pennella balaenoptera) in a harbor porpoise (Phocaena phocaena) from the Aegean Sea: a case report. Feterinari Medicina, 59 (8), 403 - 407." type="journal article" year="2014">
Danyer
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7FFFF7D21CF92C7467F61B" box="[1067,1118,1767,1792]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al</emphasis>
. 2014
</bibRefCitation>
), but it has also been found on pinnipeds (northern elephant seal,
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC65B7FFFF7D49CF8C873FAF63F" box="[683,963,1805,1828]" class="Mammalia" family="Phocidae" genus="Mirounga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carnivora" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="angustriostris">
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7FFFF7D49CF8C873FAF63F" box="[683,963,1805,1828]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Mirounga angustriostris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFBBB45B7FFFF7D5EFF8C97480F63F" author="Dailey" box="[984,1209,1804,1829]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Dailey, M. D., Haulena, M. &amp; Lawrence, J. (2002) First report of a parasitic copepod (Pennella balaenoptera) on a pinniped. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, 33 (1), 62 - 65." type="journal article" year="2002">
Dailey
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7FFFF7D207F8C8745EF63E" box="[1072,1127,1804,1829]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al</emphasis>
. 2002
</bibRefCitation>
). Both the original description by
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFBBB45B7FFFF7D70BF8F472BBF653" author="Koren" box="[316,642,1839,1864]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Koren, J. &amp; Danielssen, D. C. (1877) A species of the genus Pennella, Pennella balaenoptera, nobis. Fauna Littoralis Norvegiae, 3, 157 - 163." type="journal article" year="1877">Koren and Danielssen (1877)</bibRefCitation>
and a redescription by
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFBBB45B7FFFF7D5B1F8F47418F653" author="Turner" box="[902,1057,1839,1864]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Turner, W. (1905) On Pennella balaenoptera; a crustacean parasitic on a finner whale, Balaenoptera musculus. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 41, Part 2 (18), 409 - 434." type="journal article" year="1905">Turner (1905)</bibRefCitation>
were very well done; more recent reports on the morphology of
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC65B7FFFF7D7CEF8907297F676" box="[505,686,1876,1901]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Pennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balaenoptera">
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7FFFF7D7CEF8907297F676" box="[505,686,1876,1901]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">P. balaenoptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, based on the entire parasite, including some details of the fine structure of the cephalothoracic appendages, have been completed (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFBBB45B7FFFF7D591F8BD747BF68B" author="Hogans" box="[934,1090,1912,1936]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Hogans, W. E. (1987) Morphological variability in Pennella balaenoptera and P. filose (Copepoda: Pennellidae) with a review of the genus Pennella Oken, 1816 parasitic on Cetacea. Bulletin of Marine Science, 40, 442 - 453." type="journal article" year="1987">Hogans 1987</bibRefCitation>
; Abaunza
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7FFFF7D289F8BC74CBF68B" box="[1214,1266,1911,1936]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al</emphasis>
. 2002;
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFBBB45B7FFFF7D379F8B270EDF6AF" author="Hrvoje" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refString="Hrvoje, B. (2004) Morphological and morphometric characteristics of the ectoparasite Pennella balaenoptera (Copeoda: Siphonostomatoida: Pennellidae) from whales (Cetacea) in the Adriatic Sea. Student Paper. Faculty Veterinaria Science, University of Zagreb, Zagreb, 29 pp." type="book" year="2004">Hrvoje 2004</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2196CD5B7EFFF6D6A0FA0670D2F72F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/400402/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" targetBox="[189,1413,212,1441]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="8BE1C6455B7EFFF6D6A0FA0670D2F72F" blockId="9.[151,1435,1475,1588]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7EFFF6D6A0FA06712BF4C2" bold="true" box="[151,274,1475,1497]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Anterior (embedded) end of female
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC65B7EFFF6D4B2FA067327F4C2" box="[645,798,1475,1497]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Pennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="filosa">
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7EFFF6D4B2FA067327F4C2" box="[645,798,1475,1497]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pennella filosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC65B7EFFF6D56BFA0673F2F4C2" box="[860,971,1475,1497]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Molidae" genus="Mola" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetraodontiformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mola">
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7EFFF6D56BFA0673F2F4C2" box="[860,971,1475,1497]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Mola mola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, dorsal. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7EFFF6D6A0FA24712BF4EC" bold="true" box="[151,274,1505,1527]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Anterior (embedded) end of female
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC65B7EFFF6D4B2FA247303F4EC" box="[645,826,1505,1527]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Pennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exocoeti">
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7EFFF6D4B2FA247303F4EC" box="[645,826,1505,1527]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pennella exocoeti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC65B7EFFF6D54FFA247455F4EC" box="[888,1132,1505,1527]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Exocoetidae" genus="Cheilopogon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Beloniformes" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanurus">
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7EFFF6D54FFA247455F4EC" box="[888,1132,1505,1527]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Cheilopogon melanurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, dorsal. Scale bar = 0.5 mm.
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7EFFF6D6A0F9C5712AF70D" bold="true" box="[151,275,1536,1558]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Anterior (embedded) end of female
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC65B7EFFF6D4BEF9C57349F70D" box="[649,880,1536,1558]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Pennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balaenoptera">
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7EFFF6D4BEF9C57349F70D" box="[649,880,1536,1558]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pennella balaenoptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7EFFF6D598F9C574F0F70D" box="[943,1225,1536,1558]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC65B7EFFF6D598F9C57400F70D" box="[943,1081,1536,1558]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Pennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balaenoptera">Balaenoptera</taxonomicName>
acutorostrata
</emphasis>
, ventral. Scale bar = 1.0 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BE1C6455B7EFFF6D6F0F9987578F61F" blockId="9.[151,1437,1628,2013]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
In his review of
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC65B7EFFF6D74BF99971D9F76E" box="[380,480,1628,1653]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Pennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7EFFF6D74BF99971D9F76E" box="[380,480,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pennella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on cetaceans (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFBBB45B7EFFF6D4B4F9987323F76E" author="Hogans" box="[643,794,1629,1653]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Hogans, W. E. (1987) Morphological variability in Pennella balaenoptera and P. filose (Copepoda: Pennellidae) with a review of the genus Pennella Oken, 1816 parasitic on Cetacea. Bulletin of Marine Science, 40, 442 - 453." type="journal article" year="1987">Hogans 1987</bibRefCitation>
) considered all previously described species from marine mammals to be synonyms of
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC65B7EFFF6D7E9F94472B6F782" box="[478,655,1664,1689]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Pennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balaenoptera">
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7EFFF6D7E9F94472B6F782" box="[478,655,1664,1689]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. balaenoptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Although another species,
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7EFFF6D5F0F944744BF783" box="[967,1138,1665,1688]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC65B7EFFF6D5F0F9447457F783" box="[967,1134,1665,1688]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Pennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassicornis">P. crassicornis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
had been found on whales earlier (
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFBBB45B7EFFF6D6C7F9607211F7A6" author="Steenstrup" box="[240,552,1700,1725]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Steenstrup, J. J. S. &amp; Lutken, C. (1861) Bidrag til kundskab om det nabne havs snyltkrebs og Lernaeer. Kogl. Dansk. Fidensk. Selsk. Skrift., Raekke naturh of mathem. Afdeling, 5, 343 - 432." type="journal article" year="1861">Steenstrup &amp; Lutken 1861</bibRefCitation>
), and based on taxonomic priority was technically the oldest
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC65B7EFFF6D2C0F9617562F7A6" box="[1271,1371,1700,1725]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Pennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7EFFF6D2C0F9617562F7A6" box="[1271,1371,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pennella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from mammals,
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC65B7EFFF6D726F90C718CF7FB" box="[273,437,1737,1760]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Pennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassicornis">
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7EFFF6D726F90C718CF7FB" box="[273,437,1737,1760]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. crassicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
had also been reported from fish hosts in the same paper. Based on the host designations,
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC65B7EFFF6D6A0F928717EF61E" box="[151,327,1772,1797]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Pennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balaenoptera">
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7EFFF6D6A0F928717EF61E" box="[151,327,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. balaenoptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was the oldest species to be found only on mammals and had priority over
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7EFFF6D2A2F9287578F61F" box="[1173,1345,1773,1796]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC65B7EFFF6D2A2F9287504F61F" box="[1173,1341,1773,1796]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Pennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassicornis">P. crassicornis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE1C6455B7EFFF6D6F0F8D473A4F66B" blockId="9.[151,1437,1628,2013]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFBBB45B7EFFF6D6F0F8D47156F633" author="Hogans" box="[199,367,1808,1833]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Hogans, W. E. (1987) Morphological variability in Pennella balaenoptera and P. filose (Copepoda: Pennellidae) with a review of the genus Pennella Oken, 1816 parasitic on Cetacea. Bulletin of Marine Science, 40, 442 - 453." type="journal article" year="1987">Hogans (1987)</bibRefCitation>
reported on the morphological variability of
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC65B7EFFF6D544F8D4741CF632" box="[883,1061,1808,1833]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Pennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balaenoptera">
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7EFFF6D544F8D4741CF632" box="[883,1061,1808,1833]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. balaenoptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
reported from marine mammals. Based on examinations of the material reported on herein, the plasticity in
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC65B7EFFF6D22CF8F074E9F656" box="[1051,1232,1844,1869]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Pennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balaenoptera">
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7EFFF6D22CF8F074E9F656" box="[1051,1232,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. balaenoptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been further substantiated and is most evident in holdfast horn and neck structure.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BE1C6455B7EFFF5D6F0F8B975A4F05B" blockId="9.[151,1437,1628,2013]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,151,320]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Although
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC65B7EFFF6D70BF8B871C8F68E" box="[316,497,1916,1941]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Pennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balaenoptera">
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7EFFF6D70BF8B871C8F68E" box="[316,497,1916,1941]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. balaenoptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been previously reported from harbor porpoises (Aegean Sea;
<bibRefCitation id="EFCFBBB45B7EFFF6D333F8B870EAF6A3" author="Danyer" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refString="Danyer, E., Tonay, A. M., Aytemiz, I., Dede, A., Yildirim, F. &amp; Gurez, A. (2014) First report of infestation by a parasitic copepod (Pennella balaenoptera) in a harbor porpoise (Phocaena phocaena) from the Aegean Sea: a case report. Feterinari Medicina, 59 (8), 403 - 407." type="journal article" year="2014">Danyer et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
), it is here reported from this host in the Atlantic Ocean for the first time. To find
<taxonomicName id="4C5EBDC65B7EFFF6D289F864754DF6A2" box="[1214,1396,1952,1977]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Pennellidae" genus="Pennella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Siphonostomatoida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balaenoptera">
<emphasis id="B92A1A575B7EFFF6D289F864754DF6A2" box="[1214,1396,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">P. balaenoptera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on porpoises in a different locality is not unexpected considering the very wide known distribution of this parasite and the fact that minke whales and harbor porpoises live in close association and are common cetaceans in the lower Bay of Fundy (where the parasites were collected). There were no external morphological differences between the specimens collected from the minke whale and that found on the harbor porpoise reported on in this study. There was only one specimen from the porpoise to examine, however, it was identical in all aspects with the whale parasites except that it was
<quantity id="4CA66BA05B7DFFF5D7FFFEE27236F05B" box="[456,527,295,320]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" unit="mm" value="25.0">25mm</quantity>
shorter (178) than the average length (203) of the two specimens from the whale.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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