132 lines
17 KiB
XML
132 lines
17 KiB
XML
<document id="6B87F2E9A917F2AB10BEC3204DF3AB25" ID-CLB-Dataset="31598" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4344.2.8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="81aa725a-3808-47d3-a8ef-3b19f7c7ec47" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1043126" ID-ZooBank="F1E32F95-A711-48B8-96E8-CDC933535490" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1510041267257" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Bush, Brian" docDate="2017" docId="03DE506DFFEAFF8EFF254B76FE58FD58" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4344.2.8.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4344 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Paroplocephalus" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="335" masterDocId="FFE72815FFEBFF8CFFB24E01FFC5FFA8" masterDocTitle="Additions to the description of Paroplocephalus atriceps (Serpentes: Elapidae) with a discussion on pupil shape in it and other Australian snakes" masterLastPageNumber="344" masterPageNumber="333" pageNumber="334" updateTime="1698480883107" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="D096E063E75D55C22E670DAB9441F202">Additions to the description of Paroplocephalus atriceps (Serpentes: Elapidae) with a discussion on pupil shape in it and other Australian snakes</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="79D8DED16887646296C6F6F443AE24F5">Bush, Brian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="70726D14EC9D2B4A809CF685D5B1B01B">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="621C2EBB639FD60A117BF84EA3E1927B">
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<mods:date id="9F443F24DB8C5A6C63E2AD95907A429F">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="FB915673F11CA0900E8870D060E05EC7">2017-11-07</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="6F74E88DAC65CD9EC444BC4C0AF49F67">4344</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03DE506DFFEAFF8EFF254B76FE58FD58" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6007302" ID-GBIF-Taxon="137252848" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6007302" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE506DFFEAFF8EFF254B76FE58FD58" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DE506DFFEAFF8EFF254B76FE58FD58" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="335" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">
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<subSubSection id="C36DB2F0FFEAFF8DFF254B76FE6DF996" pageId="1" pageNumber="334" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC8E17BFFEAFF8DFF254B76FCADFA3A" blockId="1.[151,872,1399,1426]" box="[151,872,1399,1426]" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">
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<heading id="D0805617FFEAFF8DFF254B76FCADFA3A" bold="true" box="[151,872,1399,1426]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="334" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="B9033D69FFEAFF8DFF254B76FCADFA3A" bold="true" box="[151,872,1399,1426]" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">
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<taxonomicName id="4C779AF8FFEAFF8DFF254B76FEA6FA39" box="[151,355,1399,1425]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Paroplocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="1" pageNumber="334" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9033D69FFEAFF8DFF254B76FEA6FA39" bold="true" box="[151,355,1399,1425]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">Paroplocephalus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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description updated with additional data
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC8E17BFFEAFF8DFF254BB8FE6DF996" blockId="1.[151,1437,1465,2036]" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">
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AdditiOnS tO the deScriptiOn Of
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<taxonomicName id="4C779AF8FFEAFF8DFDB54BB8FD00FA7A" box="[519,709,1465,1490]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Paroplocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="1" pageNumber="334" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9033D69FFEAFF8DFDB54BB8FD00FA7A" box="[519,709,1465,1490]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">Paroplocephalus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are required here tO clarify pupil Shape and tO enlarge On the mOrphOmetricS cOntributed tO by the additiOnal 12 SpecimenS available fOr examinatiOn during thiS Study. The fOllOwing diagnOSiS iS reprOduced (with permiSSiOn) frOm KeOgh
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<emphasis id="B9033D69FFEAFF8DFC214803FC0BF9B2" box="[915,974,1537,1562]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">et al.</emphasis>
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(2000) with amendmentS and additiOnS frOm thiS Study inSerted.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C36DB2F0FFEAFF8EFF754848FE58FD58" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="335" pageId="1" pageNumber="334" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BC8E17BFFEAFF8EFF754848FF1BFDB0" blockId="1.[151,1437,1465,2036]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,151,752]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="335" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">
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<emphasis id="B9033D69FFEAFF8DFF754848FE84F9CA" bold="true" box="[199,321,1609,1634]" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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A mOnOtypic genuS cOntaining
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<taxonomicName id="4C779AF8FFEAFF8DFD1F484BFCE6F9C9" authorityName=", StOrr" authorityYear="1980" box="[685,803,1610,1633]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Paroplocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="1" pageNumber="334" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="atriceps">
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<emphasis id="B9033D69FFEAFF8DFD1F484BFCE6F9C9" box="[685,803,1610,1633]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">P. atriceps</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, a terreStrial hydrOphiine elapid Snake with anal and all SubcaudalS undivided; dOrSal ScaleS SmOOth but nOt highly glOSSed; head mOderately brOad and diStinct frOm neck; eye large, pupil rOund; 3 nOncanaliculate maxillary teeth behind diaStema; tempOral ScaleS 2 + 2 + 3 (N 7), 2 + 2 + 4 (N 8), 2 + 3 + 4 (N 1) and 2 + 3 + 5 (N 1) (fOrmula fOllOwS definitiOn in
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE69C8AFFEAFF8DFBA748B4FB78F966" author="ScanlOn" box="[1045,1213,1717,1742]" pageId="1" pageNumber="334" refString="Keogh, S. J., Scott, I. A. W. & Scanlon, J. D. (2000) Molecular phylogeny of vIvIparous AustralIan elapId snakes: affInItIes of Echiopsis atriceps (Storr, 1980) and Drysdalia coronata (Schlegel, 1837), wIth a descrIptIon of a new genus. Journal of Zoology London, 252, 317 - 326. https: // doI. org / 10.1111 / j. 1469 - 7998.2000. tb 00626. X" type="journal article" year="2000">ScanlOn, 2000</bibRefCitation>
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); preOcular withOut canthuS rOStraliS, cOntactS undivided naSal and 2nd Supralabial; 6 SupralabialS (41%), Or 7 (59%) when tempOrOlabial (lOwer anteriOr tempOral) reacheS lip between 5th and laSt; parietal Separated frOm lOwer pOStOcular; 7 infralabialS. ‘
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<emphasis id="B9033D69FFEAFF8DFE824926FE65F896" box="[304,416,1831,1854]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">Oxyuranu</emphasis>
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S type’ Of venOm-gland muSculature (
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<emphasis id="B9033D69FFEAFF8DFCE44929FC51F897" box="[854,916,1832,1855]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">sensu</emphasis>
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McDOwell, 1967; main dOrSal pOrtiOn Of
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<emphasis id="B9033D69FFEAFF8DFA334929FE1DF8CC" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">m. adductor externus medialis</emphasis>
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reaching tranSverSe creSt Of SupraOccipital and Overlapping anteriOr part Of
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<emphasis id="B9033D69FFEAFF8DFA33494DFE50F82F" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="334">m. depressor mandibulae</emphasis>
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, but nOt attaching tO quadrate). Neck and pOSteriOr trunk Slender, and bOdy SOmewhat laterally cOmpreSSed; ventral ScaleS extend tO lOwer lateral Surface Of bOdy, and their pOSteriOr edgeS arcuate (lateral partS cOncave; See
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<bibRefCitation id="EFE69C8AFFEAFF8DFE7249B7FDA2F867" author="Ehmann" box="[448,615,1974,1999]" pageId="1" pageNumber="334" refString="Ehmann, H. (1993) A fIeld observatIon on the Lake CronIn Snake (Denisonia atriceps) and mIneral eXploratIon wIthIn Its range. In: Lunney, D. & Ayres, D. (Ed.), Herpetology in Australia - A Diverse Discipline. TransactIons of the Royal ZoologIcal SocIety, NSW, pp. 346 - 348." type="book chapter" year="1993">Ehmann, 1993</bibRefCitation>
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). Scale rOwS 21–23 at firSt ventral, SOmetimeS reducing tO 17 On neck, 17 (N 2) Or 19 (N 15) at midbOdy; twO Or three reductiOnS, (17–15–13) Or (19–17–15–13) reSpectively pOSteriOr tO midbOdy, SOmetimeS increaSing again tO 15 rOwS at Or juSt befOre laSt ventral. VentralS 171–190 (N 17, mean 180), maleS 171–183 (N 12, mean 178.1), femaleS 180–190 (N 5, mean 184.8). SubcaudalS 41–52 (N 17, mean 47), maleS 44–52 (N 12, mean 48.1), femaleS 40–48 (N 5, mean 42.8). Upper iriS pale, reducing tO a narrOw pale band bOrdering remainder Of pupil (gOlden Orange in life: StOrr, [1980] – See
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<figureCitation id="134CFDFEFFE9FF8EFC0B4F05FBEFFEB4" box="[953,1066,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1600,1622]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,215,1549]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[151,1436,215,1549]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. A, eye of preserved Paroplocephalus atriceps (R 151290) showIng the effect of ethanol on IrIs and pupIl colour. In lIfe, the IrIs has a large upper flare of golden-yellow that has gone altogether and the pupIl has been changed from black to whIte. In some preserved IndIvIduals, the pupIl Is IndIscernIble from the IrIs altogether. B, eye of Paroplocephalus atriceps showIng round pupIl wIth slIght apIcal bulge. DurIng dIlatIon and constrIctIon pupIl eXpands or reduces equIdIstantly from Its centre maIntaInIng a round shape. C, eye of Suta fasciata showIng a rough-edged round pupIl, whIle the IndIvIdual In D has a smooth-edged round pupIl although In some lIterature It Is descrIbed as vertIcally ellIptIc. DurIng dIlatIon and constrIctIon pupIl eXpands or reduces equIdIstantly from Its centre maIntaInIng a round shape and any blemIshes around Its cIrcumference. E, eye of Echiopsis curta showIng round pupIl, although In some lIterature It Is descrIbed as vertIcally ellIptIc. DurIng dIlatIon and constrIctIon pupIl eXpands or reduces equIdIstantly from Its centre maIntaInIng a round shape. (Photo by B. Maryan). F, eye of Acanthophis pyrrhus showIng narrow vertIcally ellIptIc pupIl. DurIng dIlatIon and constrIctIon pupIl eXpands or narrows laterally." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1043128/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="335">Figure 1B</figureCitation>
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thiS Study); bOdy reddiSh brOwn, Olive green (in
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<collectingRegion id="49B32F99FFE9FF8EFEF34F29FE55FEE8" box="[321,400,296,320]" country="American Samoa" name="Eastern" pageId="2" pageNumber="335">eaStern</collectingRegion>
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part Of range), Or blackiSh brOwn; head dull black Or dark grey with pale SpOtS On upper and lOwer labialS, and denSer black cOllar On neck, pale-edged pOSteriOrly; dOrSal bandS Or blOtcheS abSent (
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<figureCitation id="134CFDFEFFE9FF8EFA984F4DFA48FECC" box="[1322,1421,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1722,1744]" captionTargetBox="[175,1411,483,1694]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[175,1411,483,1694]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Paroplocephalus atriceps showIng domInant brown dorsal colour In western populatIon and green In eastern populatIon. Bottom photo by S Thompson." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1043138/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="335">Figure 7</figureCitation>
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); Oral lining pale, tOngue dark. LargeSt live Specimen iS a female (currently kept at SnakeS Harmful & HarmleSS) with SnOut-vent length (SVL)
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<quantity id="4C8F4C9EFFE9FF8EFE5A4F95FD82FE04" box="[488,583,404,428]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="335" unit="mm" value="730.0">730 mm</quantity>
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, undamaged tail length
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<quantity id="4C8F4C9EFFE9FF8EFCE14F95FC67FE04" box="[851,930,404,428]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="335" unit="mm" value="90.0">90 mm</quantity>
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(12.3% SVL vS. 16.1% in WAM R132047, a female examined by KeOgh
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<emphasis id="B9033D69FFE9FF8EFE614FB8FDCEFE78" box="[467,523,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="335">et al.</emphasis>
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2000); the largeSt male (WAM R
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<date id="FFC9C7BBFFE9FF8EFC304FB6FC12FE78" box="[898,983,439,464]" pageId="2" pageNumber="335" value="90-12-15">151290</date>
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) haS SVL
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<quantity id="4C8F4C9EFFE9FF8EFBFD4FB6FB6BFE67" box="[1103,1198,439,464]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" pageId="2" pageNumber="335" unit="mm" value="530.0">530 mm</quantity>
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, tail
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<quantity id="4C8F4C9EFFE9FF8EFB564FB9FAF1FE67" box="[1252,1332,440,464]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.9" pageId="2" pageNumber="335" unit="mm" value="99.0">99 mm</quantity>
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(18.7%). PreSumed tO be viviparOuS, but reprOductiOn and natural diet unknOwn apart frOm a Single prey recOrd Of an agamid lizard.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC8E17BFFE9FF8EFF754C25FE58FD58" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,752]" pageId="2" pageNumber="335">
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MOSt like
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<taxonomicName id="4C779AF8FFE9FF8EFEF04C25FDE2FD94" authority="Spp." authorityName="Spp." box="[322,551,548,573]" class="Reptilia" family="Elapidae" genus="Hoplocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Squamata" pageId="2" pageNumber="335" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9033D69FFE9FF8EFEF04C25FE2EFD95" box="[322,491,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="335">Hoplocephalus</emphasis>
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Spp.
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</taxonomicName>
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in bOdy fOrm and ScalatiOn (alSO cranial mOrphOlOgy, KeOgh
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<emphasis id="B9033D69FFE9FF8EFAB84C24FA82FD95" box="[1290,1351,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="335">et al.</emphasis>
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2000); diStinguiShed by lOwer number Of ventralS (171–190 vS. 190–250) and uSually Of SubcaudalS (41–52 vS 40–70), lOwer number Of midbOdy Scale rOwS (17–19 vS 19–21), Only weakly angled and ScallOped ventral ScaleS (vS uSually diStinctly keeled and nOtched aS an adaptatiOn fOr climbing). DiStributiOn reStricted tO arid eucalypt wOOdlandS
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<collectingRegion id="49B32F99FFE9FF8EFEA84CB5FDC2FD65" box="[282,519,692,717]" inferredBySuffix="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="335">
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Of
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<collectingRegion id="49B32F99FFE9FF8EFE8E4CB5FDC2FD65" box="[316,519,692,717]" country="Australia" name="Western Australia" pageId="2" pageNumber="335">
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<collectingRegion id="49B32F99FFE9FF8EFE8E4CB5FE52FD64" box="[316,407,692,716]" country="American Samoa" name="Western" pageId="2" pageNumber="335">WeStern</collectingRegion>
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<collectingCountry id="F360A1EBFFE9FF8EFE134CB5FDC2FD65" box="[417,519,692,717]" name="Australia" pageId="2" pageNumber="335">AuStralia</collectingCountry>
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</collectingRegion>
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</collectingRegion>
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(
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<figureCitation id="134CFDFEFFE9FF8EFDAB4CB5FDBBFD64" box="[537,638,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1152,1174]" captionTargetBox="[290,1297,182,1118]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[259,1328,163,1131]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Map of AustralIa showIng the known dIstrIbutIon of Paroplocephalus atriceps In Western AustralIa. The easterly dot represents the Fraser Range records." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/1043130/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="335">Figure 2</figureCitation>
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) v eaSt cOaSt, hinterland and arid eucalypt wOOdlandS Of
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<collectingRegion id="49B32F99FFE9FF8EFAAE4CB4FF1EFD58" country="Australia" name="New South Wales" pageId="2" pageNumber="335">
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New SOuth
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<collectingCountry id="F360A1EBFFE9FF8EFF254CD6FF1EFD58" box="[151,219,727,752]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="2" pageNumber="335">WaleS</collectingCountry>
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</collectingRegion>
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and
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<collectingRegion id="49B32F99FFE9FF8EFEA34CD6FE5CFD58" box="[273,409,727,752]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="2" pageNumber="335">QueenSland</collectingRegion>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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||
</document> |