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<document id="1A7507ED13A67BC65B6208C3400996AF" ID-DOI="10.1206/3842.1" ID-ISSN="0003-0082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5368387" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1630260563853" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Tsang, Susan M., Wiantoro, Sigit &amp; Simmons, Nancy B." docDate="2015" docId="03D287EAFF8AFF987F8AE3E1FBBFEBB1" docLanguage="en" docName="N3842.pdf" docOrigin="American Museum Novitates 2015 (3842)" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1206/3842.1" docStyle="DocumentStyle:26C3580A17D4BBE58BD8D8AC6AE09AC4.6:AmMusNovit.2010-.journal_article" docStyleId="26C3580A17D4BBE58BD8D8AC6AE09AC4" docStyleName="AmMusNovit.2010-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="6" docTitle="Pteropus temminckii" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="18" masterDocId="FFEBFF92FF9AFF897E5FE013FFE7EF10" masterDocTitle="New records of flying foxes (Chiroptera: Pteropus sp.) from Seram, Indonesia, with notes on ecology and conservation status" masterLastPageNumber="24" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="17" updateTime="1699201058596" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="8494514D93BDF170E9699A96E2F1906C">New records of flying foxes (Chiroptera: Pteropus sp.) from Seram, Indonesia, with notes on ecology and conservation status</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="5B73E9847CEBF0105D794723CD47A98F" type="personal">
<mods:role id="EE9E5AB0B23DD01183B3EF2CFE0FA4C5">
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<mods:namePart id="D8E0E3958F24746137DADE288999DC33">Tsang, Susan M.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="D5FBD469D4F738846956A64D3C240572" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="5FEF9863FCB5196BD87FC1080C3399F0">Wiantoro, Sigit</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="7BCE9FDBDECF00EB87AE5E6EAF0E1F4F" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="48DBB090E8C51424B7135BF96C94634E">Simmons, Nancy B.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="C0E0539130FB0E3D24A960720C3A3D71">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="95A571F4C215F66177C9E2AEAD3BBD6A" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="3D9B59D6F5FCBC74AFD1FECBB98F0EEB">
<mods:title id="53E6C01BD80DB17D7D6C308553AB0C8F">American Museum Novitates</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="528F476AA05032A4C0BB7EDB0B0F6997">
<mods:date id="6F79F4DB84690549A6DE7EE1D1BDB612">2015</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="A9A3EB4D2955538591FAE3CDE42C9EEB" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="896F329C98341E81801A429020B5D56A">2015-11-23</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="F3E00425D7BB6A801681678F3E8E1C16" type="volume">
<mods:number id="B611124633005E81D0431D496FD41118">2015</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="1B5C84D5C5BF0FD510448B0B3D3C7079" type="issue">
<mods:number id="F5EDF0B71D57B81BFFFE62E8D55CB2ED">3842</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="0A0C7AB642B9A62512722A52030A3035">http://www.bioone.org/doi/10.1206/3842.1</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="FF4871CCEE10F2813CE5C783B1E7B247">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="975C293020A8C15020DE24E42CB5BF25" type="DOI">10.1206/3842.1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="45022B2093917196F52528B0BC6D752D" type="ISSN">0003-0082</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="3533AE9AC6B4B8C40B3EDF8937CACDA3" type="Zenodo-Dep">5368387</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03D287EAFF8AFF987F8AE3E1FBBFEBB1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D287EAFF8AFF987F8AE3E1FBBFEBB1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D287EAFF8AFF987F8AE3E1FBBFEBB1" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<subSubSection id="C3616577FF8AFF997F8AE3E1FCC5EB53" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BC436FCFF8AFF997F8AE3E1FC8CEB1C" blockId="16.[469,875,1009,1036]" box="[469,875,1009,1036]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<heading id="D08C8190FF8AFF997F8AE3E1FC8CEB1C" box="[469,875,1009,1036]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" reason="5">
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D7FFF8AFF997F8AE3E1FC8CEB1C" authority="(Peters, 1867)" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[469,875,1009,1036]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="temminckii">
<emphasis id="B90FEAEEFF8AFF997F8AE3E1FD26EB1B" box="[469,705,1009,1035]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Pteropus temminckii</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFEA4B0DFF8AFF997C8EE3E1FC84EB1C" author="Peters, M. B." box="[721,867,1009,1036]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="331" refId="ref9374" refString="Peters, M. B. 1867. Pteropus ocularis. Monatsberichte der Koniglichen Preussische Akademie des Wissenschaften zu Berlin 1867: 331." type="journal article" year="1867">Peters, 1867</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC436FCFF8AFF997C40E43AFCC5EB53" blockId="16.[543,802,1065,1091]" box="[543,802,1065,1091]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Temminck’s flying fox</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3616577FF8AFF997EF7E471FD4BEA01" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BC436FCFF8AFF997EF7E471FC26EB6B" blockId="16.[120,1224,1121,1745]" box="[168,961,1121,1148]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<materialsCitation id="3B133CA1FF8AFF997EF7E471FC59EB6B" box="[168,958,1121,1148]" collectionCode="LOCALITY" country="Indonesia" location="Amboina" municipality="Central" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Maluku Utara" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54C0885EFF8AFF997EF7E471FF04EB6C" box="[168,227,1122,1148]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">TYPE</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="ED6AAE39FF8AFF997EB4E471FE85EB6C" box="[235,354,1122,1148]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">LOCALITY</collectionCode>
:
<location id="8EA46027FF8AFF997F2EE472FE38EB6B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D287EAFF8AFF987F8AE3E1FBBFEBB1:8EA46027FF8AFF997F2EE472FE38EB6B" box="[369,479,1121,1147]" country="Indonesia" municipality="Central" name="Amboina" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" stateProvince="Maluku Utara">Amboina</location>
(= Ambon),
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA0AC86FF8AFF997C22E472FD32EB6B" box="[637,725,1121,1147]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Central</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingRegion id="49BFF81EFF8AFF997C82E472FCDDEB6B" box="[733,826,1121,1147]" country="Indonesia" name="Maluku Utara" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Maluku</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F36C766CFF8AFF997D18E472FC59EB6B" box="[839,958,1121,1147]" name="Indonesia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC436FCFF8AFF997EF7E494FD4BEA01" blockId="16.[120,1224,1121,1745]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<materialsCitation id="3B133CA1FF8AFF997EF7E494FCA1EBD6" collectionCode="NEW, MATERIAL" collectorName="Sigit Wiantoro &amp; Susan &amp; Tsang" country="Indonesia" location="Pulau Marsegu" municipality="Seram Bagian Barat Regency" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Maluku Utara">
<collectionCode id="ED6AAE39FF8AFF997EF7E494FF06EBB1" box="[168,225,1159,1185]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/93c9-w2q7" name="University of Newcastle" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">NEW</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED6AAE39FF8AFF997EB6E494FE82EBB1" box="[233,357,1159,1185]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">MATERIAL</collectionCode>
:
<location id="8EA46027FF8AFF997F2CE494FDC1EBB1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D287EAFF8AFF987F8AE3E1FBBFEBB1:8EA46027FF8AFF997F2CE494FDC1EBB1" box="[371,550,1159,1185]" country="Indonesia" municipality="Seram Bagian Barat Regency" name="Pulau Marsegu" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" stateProvince="Maluku Utara">Pulau Marsegu</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA0AC86FF8AFF997C6DE494FC62EBB1" box="[562,901,1159,1185]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Seram Bagian Barat Regency</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingRegion id="49BFF81EFF8AFF997DCEE494FBB9EBB1" box="[913,1118,1159,1185]" country="Indonesia" name="Maluku Utara" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Maluku Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F36C766CFF8AFF997A35E494FF7DEBD6" name="Indonesia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
. Collected by
<collectorName id="268E532AFF8AFF997F62E4BFFE00EBD6" box="[317,487,1196,1222]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Sigit Wiantoro</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="268E532AFF8AFF997C7FE4BFFD83EBD6" box="[544,612,1196,1222]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Susan</collectorName>
M.
<collectorName id="268E532AFF8AFF997CCDE4BEFD3EEBD7" box="[658,729,1197,1223]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Tsang</collectorName>
,
<specimenCount id="9D7DFD75FF8AFF997CBBE4BFFCA1EBD6" box="[740,838,1196,1222]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B133CA1FF8AFF997D12E4BEFBD6EBD6" accessionNumber="MZB 36926" box="[845,1073,1196,1223]" collectionCode="MZB" country="Indonesia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Maluku Utara">
<collectionCode id="ED6AAE39FF8AFF997D12E4BEFC6DEBD7" box="[845,906,1197,1223]" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9gz-izvg" name="Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="Museum">MZB</collectionCode>
36926,
<specimenCount id="9D7DFD75FF8AFF997DBCE4BFFBD6EBD6" box="[995,1073,1196,1222]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B133CA1FF8AFF997A68E4BEFDF6EA01" accessionNumber="MZB 36925" collectionCode="MZB" collectorName="Sigit Wiantoro &amp; Susan &amp; Tsang" country="Indonesia" location="Mosso Village" municipality="Tengah Regency" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Maluku Utara">
<collectionCode id="ED6AAE39FF8AFF997A68E4BEFB93EBD7" box="[1079,1140,1197,1223]" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9gz-izvg" name="Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="Museum">MZB</collectionCode>
36925.
<location id="8EA46027FF8AFF997E27E4C1FEF9EBFB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D287EAFF8AFF987F8AE3E1FBBFEBB1:8EA46027FF8AFF997E27E4C1FEF9EBFB" box="[120,286,1233,1260]" country="Indonesia" municipality="Tengah Regency" name="Mosso Village" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" stateProvince="Maluku Utara">Mosso Village</location>
,
<collectingRegion id="49BFF81EFF8AFF997F76E4C2FE63EBFB" box="[297,388,1233,1259]" country="Indonesia" name="Maluku Utara" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Maluku</collectingRegion>
<collectingMunicipality id="6BA0AC86FF8AFF997FD4E4C2FDADEBFC" box="[395,586,1233,1260]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Tengah Regency</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingRegion id="49BFF81EFF8AFF997C0AE4C2FCC7EBFB" box="[597,800,1233,1259]" country="Indonesia" name="Maluku Utara" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Maluku Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F36C766CFF8AFF997D74E4C2FC46EBFB" box="[811,929,1233,1259]" name="Indonesia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
. Collected by
<collectorName id="268E532AFF8AFF997A1BE4C2FF4EEA01" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Sigit Wiantoro</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="268E532AFF8AFF997EBAE4E4FECDEA01" box="[229,298,1271,1297]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Susan</collectorName>
M.
<collectorName id="268E532AFF8AFF997F05E4E4FE46EA01" box="[346,417,1271,1297]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Tsang</collectorName>
,
<specimenCount id="9D7DFD75FF8AFF997FF2E4E4FDF6EA01" box="[429,529,1271,1297]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B133CA1FF8AFF997C46E4E4FD4FEA01" accessionNumber="MZB 36924" box="[537,680,1271,1297]" collectionCode="MZB" country="Indonesia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Maluku Utara">
<collectionCode id="ED6AAE39FF8AFF997C46E4E4FDB1EA01" box="[537,598,1271,1297]" country="Indonesia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/b9gz-izvg" name="Museum Zoologicum Bogoriense" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="Museum">MZB</collectionCode>
36924
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3616577FF8AFF987EF7E50FFBBFEBB1" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC436FCFF8AFF997EF7E50FFDE3EA4C" blockId="16.[120,1224,1121,1745]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">OTHER SPECIMENS EXAMINED: MZB 15597, MZB 8341, MZB 2155, MZB 14839, ZMB 2633, ZMB 4964, and ZMB 3473.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC436FCFF8AFF987EF7E574FE05EEA7" blockId="16.[120,1224,1121,1745]" lastBlockId="17.[120,1228,225,1185]" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
OCCURRENCE AND IDENTIFICATION:
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D7FFF8AFF997C3FE57BFCB6EA91" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[608,849,1383,1409]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="temminckii">
<emphasis id="B90FEAEEFF8AFF997C3FE57BFCB6EA91" box="[608,849,1383,1409]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Pteropus temminckii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was captured in both West and Central Seram, in both mangrove (Pulau Marsegu) and secondary forest (Mosso) habitats. A foliage rooster that is unlikely to occur in large colonies (
<bibRefCitation id="EFEA4B0DFF8AFF997D12E5A2FB5CEADC" author="Helgen, K. M. &amp; F. Bonaccorso" box="[845,1211,1457,1484]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref8781" refString="Helgen, K. M., and F. Bonaccorso. 2013. Pteropus temminckii: IUCN red list of threatened species. Internet resource (http: // www. iucnredlist. org / details / 18762), accessed December 27, 2014." type="url" year="2013">Helgen and Bonaccorso, 2013</bibRefCitation>
),
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D7FFF8AFF997E27E5CBFEF0EAE1" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[120,279,1495,1521]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="temminckii">
<emphasis id="B90FEAEEFF8AFF997E27E5CBFEF0EAE1" box="[120,279,1495,1521]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P. temminckii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is not easily detected. Of the four Moluccan
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D7FFF8AFF997D64E5CBFBE6EAE1" box="[827,1025,1495,1521]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B90FEAEEFF8AFF997D64E5CBFC46EAE1" box="[827,929,1496,1521]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Pteropus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D7FFF8AFF997A52E5CBFB4AEAE1" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[1037,1197,1495,1521]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="temminckii">
<emphasis id="B90FEAEEFF8AFF997A52E5CBFB4AEAE1" box="[1037,1197,1495,1521]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P. temminckii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is best represented by previous collection efforts throughout its range. Combined records from our expeditions and previous collection efforts suggest that
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D7FFF8AFF997D0FE631FC17E92B" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[848,1008,1569,1595]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="temminckii">
<emphasis id="B90FEAEEFF8AFF997D0FE631FC17E92B" box="[848,1008,1569,1595]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P. temminckii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is relatively common compared to
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D7FFF8AFF997F0BE65BFE2BE971" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[340,460,1607,1633]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="ocularis">
<emphasis id="B90FEAEEFF8AFF997F0BE65BFE2BE971" box="[340,460,1607,1633]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P. ocularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFEA4B0DFF8AFF997F85E654FD7CE972" author="Flannery, T. F." box="[474,667,1607,1634]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" refId="ref8616" refString="Flannery, T. F. 1995. Mammals of the south-west Pacific and the Moluccan Islands. Ithaca, NY: Cornell University Press." type="book" year="1995">Flannery (1995)</bibRefCitation>
states that
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D7FFF8AFF997D7EE65BFC58E971" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[801,959,1607,1633]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="temminckii">
<emphasis id="B90FEAEEFF8AFF997D7EE65BFC58E971" box="[801,959,1607,1633]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P. temminckii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
likely prefers primary forest based on a report that researchers from AM captured large numbers in primary forests at ~
<quantity id="4C839B19FF8AFF997EF9E681FF11E9BC" box="[166,246,1682,1708]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" unit="m" value="800.0">800 m</quantity>
elevation in
<collectingCountry id="F36C766CFF8AFF997FC7E682FE11E9BB" box="[408,502,1681,1707]" name="Indonesia" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Ambon</collectingCountry>
. However, in Seram
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D7FFF8AFF997CAAE681FC71E9BB" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[757,918,1681,1707]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="temminckii">
<emphasis id="B90FEAEEFF8AFF997CAAE681FC71E9BB" box="[757,918,1681,1707]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">P. temminckii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is apparently most commonly encountered today in secondary forest. Local villagers describe encountering these bats relatively often in the small patches of secondary forest that frequently occur between villages, and we were able to capture a female in this habitat. These fragmented forests are used as orchards or hunting areas by Christian villagers. The mangrove habitat where
<specimenCount id="9D7DFD75FF8BFF987AC3E13EFF55EE7B" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="male">one male</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="9D7DFD75FF8BFF987EADE141FE90EE7B" box="[242,375,337,364]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="female">one female</specimenCount>
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D7FFF8BFF987FDEE141FDC6EE7B" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[385,545,337,363]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="temminckii">
<emphasis id="B90FEAEEFF8BFF987FDEE141FDC6EE7B" box="[385,545,337,363]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. temminckii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were captured was also unexpected, as this species has not been previously reported in mangrove forest and our mistnets were set with the goal of capturing the
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D7FFF8BFF987F7DE18EFE3DEEA6" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[290,474,412,438]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="melanopogon">
<emphasis id="B90FEAEEFF8BFF987F7DE18EFE3DEEA6" box="[290,474,412,438]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. melanopogon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC436FCFF8BFF987EF7E1D1FB4FED86" blockId="17.[120,1228,225,1185]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D7FFF8BFF987EF7E1D1FE7DEECB" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[168,410,449,475]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="temminckii">
<emphasis id="B90FEAEEFF8BFF987EF7E1D1FE7DEECB" box="[168,410,449,475]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Pteropus temminckii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is significantly smaller than other
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D7FFF8BFF987D17E1D1FBECEECB" box="[840,1035,449,475]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B90FEAEEFF8BFF987D17E1D1FC4AEECB" box="[840,941,450,475]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Pteropus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
on Seram, and comparatively easy to identify. Adults have a forearm length &lt;
<quantity id="4C839B19FF8BFF987D1AE1F4FC41ED11" box="[837,934,487,513]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="110.0">110 mm</quantity>
and GSL &lt;
<quantity id="4C839B19FF8BFF987A78E1F4FB92ED12" box="[1063,1141,487,514]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="55.0">55mm</quantity>
, which is significantly smaller than the next largest species found on Seram,
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D7FFF8BFF987DEFE21EFBC1ED36" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[944,1062,524,550]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="ocularis">
<emphasis id="B90FEAEEFF8BFF987DEFE21EFBC1ED36" box="[944,1062,524,550]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. ocularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<tableCitation id="C6F90347FF8BFF987A68E21FFB74ED36" box="[1079,1171,524,550]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="5.[120,194,224,248]" captionText="TABLE 2. Skull and dental measurements of Moluccan Pteropus. All measurements in mm, blanks represent unavailable data. Asterisks indicate type specimens." pageId="17" pageNumber="18">tables 2</tableCitation>
and
<tableCitation id="C6F90347FF8BFF987E27E221FF60ED5C" box="[120,135,562,588]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="13.[120,195,224,248]" captionText="TABLE 3. External measurements of Moluccan Pteropus. Most external character data are not available for the specimen, as skins are difficult to manipulate. Weight is in grams, all other measurements are in mm, blanks represent unavailable data. Asterisks indicate type specimens." pageId="17" pageNumber="18">3</tableCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="13402A79FF8BFF987ECAE222FF34ED5C" box="[149,211,561,588]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="8.[120,162,1706,1727]" captionTargetBox="[120,1220,226,1679]" captionTargetId="figure-11@8.[120,1220,224,1679]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIG. 2. Dorsal views of skulls of A, Pteropus chrysoproctus (MZB 36909♀); B, Pteropus melanopogon (MZB 10753); C, Pteropus ocularis (MZB 369283); D, Pteropus temminckii (MZB 369253)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5368389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5368389/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">fig. 2</figureCitation>
). Our specimens all exhibit uniquely dense pale yellowish-buff silky fur described by
<bibRefCitation id="EFEA4B0DFF8BFF987E27E244FECEED61" author="Dobson, G. E." box="[120,297,599,625]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refId="ref8563" refString="Dobson, G. E. 1878. Catalogue of the Chiroptera in the collection of the British Museum. London: British Museum." type="book" year="1878">Dobson (1878)</bibRefCitation>
as diagnostic for the species. The coloration and fur thickness are similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D7FFF8BFF987AEAE24BFF14ED86" authorityName="Temminck" authorityYear="1825" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="personatus">
<emphasis id="B90FEAEEFF8BFF987AEAE24BFF14ED86" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. personatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a North Moluccan species, but
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D7FFF8BFF987C2CE26EFCE9ED86" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[627,782,636,662]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="temminckii">
<emphasis id="B90FEAEEFF8BFF987C2CE26EFCE9ED86" box="[627,782,636,662]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. temminckii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
does not have a black facial mask.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC436FCFF8BFF987EF7E2B1FBEDEC16" blockId="17.[120,1228,225,1185]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
HUMAN DISTURBANCE:
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D7FFF8BFF987F9DE2B1FDBAEDAB" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[450,605,673,699]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="temminckii">
<emphasis id="B90FEAEEFF8BFF987F9DE2B1FDBAEDAB" box="[450,605,673,699]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. temminckii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is threatened by habitat loss and by bushmeat hunting (
<bibRefCitation id="EFEA4B0DFF8BFF987EF4E2D4FDECEDF1" author="Helgen, K. M. &amp; F. Bonaccorso" box="[171,523,711,737]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" refId="ref8781" refString="Helgen, K. M., and F. Bonaccorso. 2013. Pteropus temminckii: IUCN red list of threatened species. Internet resource (http: // www. iucnredlist. org / details / 18762), accessed December 27, 2014." type="url" year="2013">Helgen and Bonaccorso, 2013</bibRefCitation>
). As a species commonly encountered by hunters, more data is needed to determine how intensely hunting has affected population trends.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC436FCFF8BFF987EF7E301FBBFEBB1" blockId="17.[120,1228,225,1185]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
CONSERVATION: Currently, the IUCN lists
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D7FFF8BFF987CC2E301FCDEEC3B" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[669,825,785,811]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="temminckii">
<emphasis id="B90FEAEEFF8BFF987CC2E301FCDEEC3B" box="[669,825,785,811]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. temminckii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as Vulnerable under criteria A2c, meaning a projected decline of ≥30% of the population in the next three generations due to a decline in habitat.
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D7FFF8BFF987F0AE34EFDA5EC66" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[341,578,860,886]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="temminckii">
<emphasis id="B90FEAEEFF8BFF987F0AE34EFDA5EC66" box="[341,578,860,886]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Pteropus temminckii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was the only species that we found at multiple survey sites and habitats (including disturbed areas), and it was the most commonly encountered of the four
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D7FFF8BFF987E84E3BBFED8ECD1" box="[219,319,936,961]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B90FEAEEFF8BFF987E84E3BBFED8ECD1" box="[219,319,936,961]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Pteropus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
found in Seram during our survey. Our observations indicate that this species has broader habitat preferences than previously reported. We did not directly observe or capture the species in Manusela National Park, though it has previously been recorded there according to park staff. We found foraging sites with telltale bite marks on fruits for
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D7FFF8BFF987A29E40BFF2AEB46" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1867" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="temminckii">
<emphasis id="B90FEAEEFF8BFF987A29E40BFF2AEB46" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">P. temminckii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
within Manusela National Park, but did not find any foliage roosts.
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D7FFF8BFF987D81E42EFB2FEB46" baseAuthorityName="Peters" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[990,1224,1084,1110]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="temminckii">
<emphasis id="B90FEAEEFF8BFF987D81E42EFB2FEB46" box="[990,1224,1084,1110]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Pteropus temminckii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
will likely face increased extinction pressure as habitat continues to be degraded, but our observations suggest it is likely the least threatened of the four
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D7FFF8BFF987D7FE49BFC38EBB1" box="[800,991,1159,1185]" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Pteropodidae" genus="Pteropus" kingdom="Fungi" order="Chiroptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B90FEAEEFF8BFF987D7FE49BFC63EBB1" box="[800,900,1160,1185]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Pteropus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
in Seram.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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