207 lines
23 KiB
XML
207 lines
23 KiB
XML
<document id="840573A4A287AFA6D03451BF7D91384E" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.276783" ID-GBIF-Dataset="cbd0de37-eabb-43d6-bae2-ff7fe53daac6" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="276783" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460235511592" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Mah, Christopher L." docDate="2011" docId="03D28792FFCDFF9784E417546959826B" docLanguage="en" docName="zt02759p048.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 2759" docStyle="DocumentStyle:890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleId="890A69B780ED73D6DB8551B71C8AC79E" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Chitonaster Sladen 1889" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="11" masterDocId="FFEBFFEAFFC4FF9D847312686C098034" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy of high-latitude Goniasteridae (Subantarctic & Antarctic): one new genus, and three new species with an overview and key to taxa" masterLastPageNumber="48" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="10" updateTime="1698239547451" updateUser="plazi">
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<mods:title id="04B90A3803DABD9110C1F247667422AA">Taxonomy of high-latitude Goniasteridae (Subantarctic & Antarctic): one new genus, and three new species with an overview and key to taxa</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="11B077F83337159989A47E907E4007B5">Mah, Christopher L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="66C55525C5C46484B374CABAE5E3698D">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="ECFD62CF91A6D294DBB8822F3FB3F57F">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="C585E9603631907CB500ACEE9D3AACC7">2759</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="BCA2EAB1EB97B446BB7E87C48A0AB11C" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.276783</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03D28792FFCDFF9784E417546959826B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6184327" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119388103" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6184327" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03D28792FFCDFF9784E417546959826B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03D28792FFCDFF9784E417546959826B" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<subSubSection id="C361650FFFCDFF9484E417546F1A8583" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BC43684FFCDFF9484E417546DCB8561" blockId="9.[151,450,1339,1366]" box="[151,450,1339,1366]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<heading id="D08C81E8FFCDFF9484E417546DCB8561" bold="true" box="[151,450,1339,1366]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" reason="1">
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D07FFCDFF9484E417546DCB8561" ID-CoL="7NSNZ" authority="Sladen,1889" authorityName="Sladen" authorityYear="1889" box="[151,450,1339,1366]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Chitonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFCDFF9484E417546DCB8561" bold="true" box="[151,450,1339,1366]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFCDFF9484E417546D2C8562" bold="true" box="[151,293,1340,1366]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Chitonaster</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEA4B75FFCDFF94855F17536DCB8561" author="Sladen" box="[300,450,1339,1365]" pageId="9" pageNumber="48" refString="Sladen, W. P. (1889) Asteroidea. Report of the Scientific Results of H. M. S. Challenger, 30, 1 - 893." type="journal article" year="1889">Sladen,1889</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC43684FFCDFF9484E417EA6F1A8583" blockId="9.[151,1073,1410,1463]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEA4B75FFCDFF9484E417EA6D1785AC" author="Sladen" box="[151,286,1410,1432]" pageId="9" pageNumber="48" refString="Sladen, W. P. (1889) Asteroidea. Report of the Scientific Results of H. M. S. Challenger, 30, 1 - 893." type="journal article" year="1889">Sladen, 1889</bibRefCitation>
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: 282; Spencer & Wright, 1966: U58;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEA4B75FFCDFF9486E917EB6F5885AC" author="Clark" box="[666,849,1410,1432]" pageId="9" pageNumber="47" refString="Clark, A. M. (1993) An index of names of recent Asteroidea - Part 2: Valvatida. Echinoderm Studies, 4, 187 - 366." type="journal article" year="1993">A.M. Clark, 1993</bibRefCitation>
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: 250; (as
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D07FFCDFF9487C117EA682085AC" box="[946,1065,1410,1432]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Chitonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFCDFF9487C117EA682085AC" box="[946,1065,1410,1432]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Chitonaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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)
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEA4B75FFCDFF9484E417CA6D528583" author="Clark" box="[151,347,1441,1463]" pageId="9" pageNumber="47" refString="Clark, H. E. S. (1971) Pentopliidae, a new family of Asteroidea from the South Atlantic Ocean. Bulletin of Marine Science, 21 (2), 545 - 551." type="journal article" year="1971">H.E.S. Clark, 1971</bibRefCitation>
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: 545;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEA4B75FFCDFF9485EB17CA6E598583" author="Clark" box="[408,592,1441,1463]" pageId="9" pageNumber="47" refString="Clark, A. M. (1993) An index of names of recent Asteroidea - Part 2: Valvatida. Echinoderm Studies, 4, 187 - 366." type="journal article" year="1993">A.M. Clark, 1993</bibRefCitation>
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: 275 (as
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<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFCDFF9486DA17C96F028583" box="[681,779,1441,1463]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pentoplia</emphasis>
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)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C361650FFFCDFF9484E4178B6957865C" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BC43684FFCDFF9484E4178B6957865C" blockId="9.[151,1436,1507,2000]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFCDFF9484E4178B6D1885C8" bold="true" box="[151,273,1507,1532]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
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Body stellate. Abactinal plates flattened, scalar, overlapping and forming relatively thin body wall. Fasciolar channels weakly present to absent. Plate surface bare in most or with single large granule, blunt cylindrical and/or pointed spines, peripheral accessories absent. Marginal plates face laterally. Large pedicellariae, either bivalve or with enlarged flange-like valves (in
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D07FFCDFF9486D014386EF9865C" box="[675,752,1616,1640]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Chitonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="felli">
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<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFCDFF9486D014386EF9865C" box="[675,752,1616,1640]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C. felli</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<figureCitation id="13402A01FFCDFF94868E14276F368653" box="[765,831,1615,1639]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1594,1617]" captionTargetBox="[151,1433,258,1570]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[151,1436,258,1573]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 5. Chitonaster felli. USNM 1018861. A. Abactinal surface. B. Actinal surface. C. Marginal plate series. D. Close-up of enlarged pedicellariae on actinal intermediate surface. Scale Bar = 0.5 cm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/276788/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
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B, D). Furrow spines one to three, typically two.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C361650FFFCDFF9784B4141B6959826B" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BC43684FFCDFF9484B4141B68288728" blockId="9.[151,1436,1507,2000]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFCDFF9484B4141B6D4686B8" bold="true" box="[199,335,1651,1676]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Comments.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D07FFCDFF948526141C6DD386B8" box="[341,474,1652,1676]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Chitonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFCDFF948526141C6DD386B8" box="[341,474,1652,1676]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Chitonaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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occurs only in the Southern Ocean and adjacent waters and was among the rarest taxa encountered by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEA4B75FFCDFF94853C14FF6E97869B" box="[335,670,1687,1712]" pageId="9" pageNumber="47" refString="Manjon-Cabeza, M. E., Lirio, Y & Ramos, A. (2001) Distribution of asteroid genera (Echinodermata) off South Shetland Islands and the Antarctic Peninsula. Boletin. Instituto Espanol de Oceanografia, 17 (3 - 4), 263 - 270." type="journal article">
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Manjon-Cabeza
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<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFCDFF94867F14F16E4E8684" box="[524,583,1688,1712]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al.</emphasis>
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(2001)
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</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D07FFCDFF9486DF14F06FC1869B" authority="Sladen 1889" authorityName="Sladen" authorityYear="1889" box="[684,968,1687,1712]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Chitonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFCDFF9486DF14F06F398684" box="[684,816,1688,1712]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Chitonaster</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEA4B75FFCDFF94874914FF6FC1869B" author="Sladen" box="[826,968,1687,1711]" pageId="9" pageNumber="48" refString="Sladen, W. P. (1889) Asteroidea. Report of the Scientific Results of H. M. S. Challenger, 30, 1 - 893." type="journal article" year="1889">Sladen 1889</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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has not been reviewed since its original description and significant collections of new material have yielded further insight into classification and diversity within
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D07FFCDFF94849514886D6086CC" box="[230,361,1760,1784]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Chitonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFCDFF94849514886D6086CC" box="[230,361,1760,1784]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Chitonaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. This includes the synonymy of
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<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFCDFF9486AE14886F4386CC" box="[733,842,1760,1784]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pentoplia</emphasis>
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with
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D07FFCDFF9487F81488680786CC" box="[907,1038,1760,1784]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Chitonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFCDFF9487F81488680786CC" box="[907,1038,1760,1784]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Chitonaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, the discovery of two new species, and a summary of character-based boundaries for
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D07FFCDFF9486B4156C6F428728" box="[711,843,1796,1820]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Chitonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFCDFF9486B4156C6F428728" box="[711,843,1796,1820]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Chitonaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species (
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<figureCitation id="13402A01FFCDFF9487C2156C681A8728" box="[945,1043,1796,1820]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1403,1426]" captionTargetBox="[151,1350,663,1381]" captionTargetId="figure@10.[151,1436,663,1381]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 3. Character distribution and bathymetric range of Chitonaster spp." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/276786/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figure 3</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC43684FFCDFF9484B415406EE487BC" blockId="9.[151,1436,1507,2000]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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Several characters in
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D07FFCDFF9485C415406E358774" box="[439,572,1832,1856]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Chitonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFCDFF9485C415406E358774" box="[439,572,1832,1856]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Chitonaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are similar to those in
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D07FFCDFF94874F15416FB68774" box="[828,959,1833,1856]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Eratosaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFCDFF94874F15416FB68774" box="[828,959,1833,1856]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Eratosaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D07FFCDFF9487861540686D8774" box="[1013,1124,1832,1856]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Calliaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFCDFF9487861540686D8774" box="[1013,1124,1832,1856]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Calliaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, including the elongate furrow spines, the relatively small actinal intermediate plate area, the presence of spines on the abactinal and marginal plates as well as resemblance in arm and disk shapes.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC43684FFCDFF9484B415FB68CF87E4" blockId="9.[151,1436,1507,2000]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFCDFF9484B415FB6DD78798" bold="true" box="[199,478,1939,1964]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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Synonymy of
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<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFCDFF94851A15FB6DDE8798" bold="true" box="[361,471,1939,1964]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Pentoplia</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFCDFF94859715FC6E8A8798" box="[484,643,1940,1964]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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Pentoplia
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D07FFCDFF94862B15FC6E8A8798" box="[600,643,1940,1964]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Chitonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="felli">felli</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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was described by
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEA4B75FFCDFF94872315FC68268798" author="Clark" box="[848,1071,1940,1964]" pageId="9" pageNumber="47" refString="Clark, H. E. S. (1971) Pentopliidae, a new family of Asteroidea from the South Atlantic Ocean. Bulletin of Marine Science, 21 (2), 545 - 551." type="journal article" year="1971">H.E.S. Clark (1971)</bibRefCitation>
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as the monotypic member of the
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D07FFCDFF9484E415D06D2F87E4" box="[151,294,1976,2000]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Pentopliidae</taxonomicName>
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, a family that has since been synonymized into the
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D07FFCDFF94871515D0680B87E4" box="[870,1026,1976,2000]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="family">Goniasteridae</taxonomicName>
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by
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<bibRefCitation id="EFEA4B75FFCDFF94805F15D068C887E4" author="Blake" box="[1068,1217,1976,2000]" pageId="9" pageNumber="47" refString="Blake, D. B. (1987) Classification and phylogeny of post-Paleozoic sea stars (Asteroidea: Echinodermata). Journal of Natural History, 21, 481 - 528." type="journal article" year="1987">Blake (1987)</bibRefCitation>
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.
|
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BC43684FFCEFF9784B412FF6959826B" blockId="10.[151,1436,151,608]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFEA4B75FFCEFF9784B412FF6DEB809B" author="Clark" box="[199,482,151,175]" pageId="10" pageNumber="47" refString="Clark, H. E. S. (1971) Pentopliidae, a new family of Asteroidea from the South Atlantic Ocean. Bulletin of Marine Science, 21 (2), 545 - 551." type="journal article" year="1971">H.E.S. Clark (1971: 546)</bibRefCitation>
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||
indicated that
|
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<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFCEFF9786FA12F06EFF8084" box="[649,758,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pentoplia</emphasis>
|
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was reminiscent of
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D07FFCEFF9787AA12F168568084" box="[985,1119,153,176]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFCEFF9787AA12F168568084" box="[985,1119,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Hippasteria</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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and
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D07FFCEFF9780E512F069138084" box="[1174,1306,152,176]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Chitonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFCEFF9780E512F069138084" box="[1174,1306,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Chitonaster</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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but did not elaborate on specific character comparisons, save for the absence of “characteristic” pedicellariae on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D07FFCEFF97817C12D5699C80E0" box="[1295,1429,189,212]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFCEFF97817C12D5699C80E0" box="[1295,1429,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Hippasteria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFCEFF9784E412886D0D80CC" box="[151,260,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pentoplia</emphasis>
|
||
shares several characters with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D07FFCEFF97862F12886ED680CC" box="[604,735,224,248]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Chitonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFCEFF97862F12886ED680CC" box="[604,735,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Chitonaster</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, including flat scalar, overlapping, abactinal plates, short blunt conical spines on the abactinal and marginal plate surface, two to three furrow spines and a single large subambulacral per adambulacral plate, and the presence of prominent pedicellariae on the actinal surface.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFCEFF97809E134069538174" box="[1261,1370,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pentoplia</emphasis>
|
||
lacks the abactinal and marginal plate morphology as well as the large spines that are present in
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFCEFF9780C71325694B8150" box="[1204,1346,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D07FFCEFF9780C7132569348150" box="[1204,1341,333,356]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Hippasteria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">Hippasteria</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Clark’s description emphasizes
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFCEFF9785D013186E1981BC" box="[419,528,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pentoplia</emphasis>
|
||
’s enlarged pedicellariae as the primary feature distinguishing it from other asteroid taxa. Although other species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D07FFCEFF97865B13FC6EA48198" box="[552,685,404,428]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Chitonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFCEFF97865B13FC6EA48198" box="[552,685,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Chitonaster</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
lack identical pedicellariae, they do possess enlarged pedicellariae that are very similar in appearance. Specimens present in CASIZ 162495 possess enlarged bivalve pedicellariae similar to those in
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFCEFF97851F13B46DD081C0" box="[364,473,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pentoplia</emphasis>
|
||
in each interradial region suggesting an intermediate status for these taxa.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFCEFF97815C13B46CCA822C" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||
Pentoplia
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D07FFCEFF9784E410686CCA822C" box="[151,195,512,536]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Chitonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="felli">felli</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
’s enlarged actinal pedicellariae is a unique autapomorphy for the species. However because several characters are shared between
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D07FFCEFF978509104C6DF68208" box="[378,511,548,572]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Chitonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFCEFF978509104C6DF68208" box="[378,511,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Chitonaster</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFCEFF97864A104C6EAF8208" box="[569,678,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pentoplia</emphasis>
|
||
it is argued here that the latter is a junior synonym of the former.
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFCEFF9784E410206D0D8254" box="[151,260,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pentoplia</emphasis>
|
||
should be entered into the synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D07FFCEFF9786BE10206F598254" box="[717,848,584,608]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Chitonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFCEFF9786BE10206F598254" box="[717,848,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Chitonaster</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, retaining
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C7B4D07FFCEFF9787BB102068768254" box="[968,1151,584,608]" class="Asteroidea" family="Goniasteridae" genus="Chitonaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Valvatida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Echinodermata" rank="species" species="felli">
|
||
<emphasis id="B90FEA96FFCEFF9787BB102068768254" box="[968,1151,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Chitonaster felli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
as a valid species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |