628 lines
72 KiB
XML
628 lines
72 KiB
XML
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<mods:titleInfo id="498E5AFAE52805B3CC11149DADF3258B">
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<mods:title id="32063A6E3A426C730A29B19B1BE0151B">Revision of Autolytinae (Syllidae: Polychaeta).</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DD84ECAE792FA43327E0A36EA6EA5D57">Nygren, Arne</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="F410200CA8B063ADAD52FF5400CCC4DE">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="21CBB4940E171570631F0E8375197A3A">
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<mods:date id="0AADF8DA34085323886FDEA1C494B9F0">2004</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="2A61436363CA4757C6136F5627393E8A">680</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="F3F5E64B455A22E4460F8EA307047FE5" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.157809</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03CDB626CC474E14FEE8782D8D0983DD" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3502719" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119592309" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3502719" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03CDB626CC474E14FEE8782D8D0983DD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03CDB626CC474E14FEE8782D8D0983DD" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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<subSubSection id="C37E54BBCC474E10FEE8782D8B32855D" box="[264,812,1308,1334]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC474E10FEE8782D8B32855D" blockId="48.[264,812,1308,1334]" box="[264,812,1308,1334]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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<heading id="D093B05CCC474E10FEE8782D8B32855D" bold="true" box="[264,812,1308,1334]" fontSize="11" level="5" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" reason="2">
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<emphasis id="B910DB22CC474E10FEE8782D8B32855D" bold="true" box="[264,812,1308,1334]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC474E10FEE8782D8A99855D" ID-CoL="4MMRS" authority="Bosc, 1802" authorityName="Bosc" authorityYear="1802" box="[264,647,1308,1334]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Proceraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fasciata">
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<emphasis id="B910DB22CC474E10FEE8782D89F7855D" bold="true" box="[264,489,1308,1334]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Proceraea fasciata</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF57AC1CC474E10FE18782D8A61855D" author="Bosc" box="[504,639,1308,1334]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Bosc, L. A. G. (1802) Histoire naturelle des vers, contenant leur description et leurs moeurs; avec figures dessines d'apres nature. Deterville, Paris." type="book" year="1802">Bosc, 1802</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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(Fig. 10A–F)
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</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection id="C37E54BBCC474E10FEE8786D8B7486D8" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC474E10FEE8786D8AFB8518" blockId="48.[264,1323,1372,1715]" box="[264,741,1372,1395]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB74201ECC474E10FEE8786D8AFB8518" box="[264,741,1372,1395]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC474E10FEE8786D8A408518" ID-CoL="6LSM7" authority="Bosc, 1802: 144" authorityName="Bosc" authorityPageNumber="144" authorityYear="1802" box="[264,606,1372,1395]" class="Polychaeta" family="Nereididae" genus="Nereis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fasciata">
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<emphasis id="B910DB22CC474E10FEE8786D89B98518" box="[264,423,1372,1395]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Nereis fasciata</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC52121CC474E10FE4E786D8A408518" author="Bosc" box="[430,606,1372,1395]" page="144" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" year="1802">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF57AC1CC474E10FE4E786D8A348518" author="Bosc" box="[430,554,1372,1395]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Bosc, L. A. G. (1802) Histoire naturelle des vers, contenant leur description et leurs moeurs; avec figures dessines d'apres nature. Deterville, Paris." type="book" year="1802">Bosc, 1802</bibRefCitation>
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: 144
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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, pl. 5, fig. 6.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC474E10FEE8784D8B1D85F8" blockId="48.[264,1323,1372,1715]" box="[264,771,1404,1427]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB74201ECC474E10FEE8784D8B1D85F8" box="[264,771,1404,1427]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC474E10FEE8784D897285F8" ID-CoL="d713879c-ca64-40ea-a2b9-b9e1c408eed9" box="[264,364,1404,1427]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Autolytus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B910DB22CC474E10FEE8784D897285F8" box="[264,364,1404,1427]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Autolytus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(?), banded species,
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC52121CC474E10FDA6784D8AE185F8" author="Verrill" box="[582,767,1404,1427]" page="398" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" year="1873">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF57AC1CC474E10FDA6784D8AD485F8" author="Verrill" box="[582,714,1404,1427]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Verrill, A. E. (1873) Report upon the invertebrate animals of Vineyard Sound and the adjacent waters, with an account of the physical characters of the region. Report of the United States Commissioner of Fisheries, 1871 / 72, 295 - 778." type="journal article" year="1873">Verrill 1873</bibRefCitation>
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: 398
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC474E10FEE878AD8B9485D8" blockId="48.[264,1323,1372,1715]" box="[264,906,1436,1459]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB74201ECC474E10FEE878AD8B9485D8" box="[264,906,1436,1459]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC474E10FEE878AD8A9285D8" ID-CoL="4MMSB" authority="Verrill, 1873: 746" authorityName="Verrill" authorityPageNumber="746" authorityYear="1873" box="[264,652,1436,1459]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Proceraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ornata">
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<emphasis id="B910DB22CC474E10FEE878AD89DB85D8" box="[264,453,1436,1459]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Proceraea ornata</emphasis>
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<treatmentCitation id="0AC52121CC474E10FE2C78AD8A9285D8" author="Verrill" box="[460,652,1436,1459]" page="746" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" year="1873">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF57AC1CC474E10FE2C78AD8A4885D8" author="Verrill" box="[460,598,1436,1459]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Verrill, A. E. (1873) Report upon the invertebrate animals of Vineyard Sound and the adjacent waters, with an account of the physical characters of the region. Report of the United States Commissioner of Fisheries, 1871 / 72, 295 - 778." type="journal article" year="1873">Verrill, 1873</bibRefCitation>
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: 746
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</treatmentCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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;
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF57AC1CC474E10FD7778AD8B2885D8" author="Mensch" box="[663,822,1436,1459]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Mensch, P. C. (1900 a) On the variation in the position of the stolon in Autolytus. Biological Bulletin, 1, 89 - 93." type="journal article" year="1900" yearSuffix="a">Mensch 1900a</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF57AC1CC474E10FCA178AD8B9885D8" author="Mensch" box="[833,902,1436,1459]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Mensch, P. C. (1900 c) On the life history of Autolytus cornutus and alternate generation in annelids. The American Naturalist, 34, 165 - 172." type="journal article" year="1900" yearSuffix="c">1900c</bibRefCitation>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC474E10FEE8788D8AF68598" blockId="48.[264,1323,1372,1715]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB74201ECC474E10FEE8788D8AF68598" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC474E10FEE8788D8ACD85B8" ID-CoL="4MMSQ" authority="Webster, 1879: 227" authorityName="Webster" authorityPageNumber="227" authorityYear="1879" box="[264,723,1468,1491]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Proceraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tardigrada">
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||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC474E10FEE8788D89EA85B8" box="[264,500,1468,1491]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Proceraea tardigrada</emphasis>
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC52121CC474E10FE1D788D8ACD85B8" author="Webster" box="[509,723,1468,1491]" page="227" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" year="1879">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF57AC1CC474E10FE1D788D8A8285B8" author="Webster" box="[509,668,1468,1491]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Webster, H. E. (1879) The Annelida Chaetopoda of the Virginian coast. Transactions Albany Institute New York, 9, 202 - 272." type="journal article" year="1879">Webster, 1879</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 227
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||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
–230;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC52121CC474E10FCF9788D8BED85B8" author="Andrews" box="[793,1011,1468,1491]" page="282" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" year="1891">
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||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF57AC1CC474E10FCF9788D8BA285B8" author="Andrews" box="[793,956,1468,1491]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Andrews, E. A. (1891) Report on the annelida polychaeta of Beaufort, North Carolina. Proceedings of the United States national museum, 14, 277 - 283." type="journal article" year="1891">Andrews 1891</bibRefCitation>
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||
: 282
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
–283; 1892: 188, pl. 11, fig. 41–43, pl. 12, fig. 57–58, 62–65, 69–70.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC474E10FEE878CD8ADB8678" blockId="48.[264,1323,1372,1715]" box="[264,709,1532,1555]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB74201ECC474E10FEE878CD8ADB8678" box="[264,709,1532,1555]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC474E10FEE878CD89F68678" box="[264,488,1532,1555]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC474E10FEE878CD89658678" ID-CoL="9G3K9" box="[264,379,1532,1555]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Proceraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Proceraea</taxonomicName>
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||
? coerulea
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||
</emphasis>
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||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC52121CC474E10FE1078CD8ADF8678" author="Webster" box="[496,705,1532,1555]" page="230" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" year="1879">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFF57AC1CC474E10FE1078CD8A958678" author="Webster" box="[496,651,1532,1555]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Webster, H. E. (1879) The Annelida Chaetopoda of the Virginian coast. Transactions Albany Institute New York, 9, 202 - 272." type="journal article" year="1879">Webster, 1879</bibRefCitation>
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: 230
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||
</treatmentCitation>
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||
.
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||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC474E10FEE87B2D8B7A8658" blockId="48.[264,1323,1372,1715]" box="[264,868,1564,1587]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB74201ECC474E10FEE87B2D8B7A8658" box="[264,868,1564,1587]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC474E10FEE87B2D8AD18658" authority="Hartman 1944: 338" authorityName="Hartman" authorityPageNumber="338" authorityYear="1944" box="[264,719,1564,1587]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Autolytus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="longisetosus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC474E10FEE87B2D89E98658" box="[264,503,1564,1587]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Autolytus longisetosus</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC52121CC474E10FE1E7B2D8AD18658" author="Hartman" box="[510,719,1564,1587]" page="338" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" year="1944">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF57AC1CC474E10FE1E7B2D8A858658" author="Hartman" box="[510,667,1564,1587]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Hartman, O. (1944) New England Annelida. Part 2. Including the unpublished plates by Verrill with reconstructed captions. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 82, 327 - 344." type="journal article" year="1944">Hartman 1944</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 338
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pl. 13, fig. 1.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC474E10FEE87B0D8B588638" blockId="48.[264,1323,1372,1715]" box="[264,838,1596,1619]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB74201ECC474E10FEE87B0D8B588638" box="[264,838,1596,1619]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC474E10FEE87B0D8AAC8638" ID-CoL="JZ3N" authority="Hartman 1944: 338" authorityName="Hartman" authorityPageNumber="338" authorityYear="1944" box="[264,690,1596,1619]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Autolytus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="alexandri">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC474E10FEE87B0D89C78638" box="[264,473,1596,1619]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Autolytus alexandri</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC52121CC474E10FE007B0D8AAC8638" author="Hartman" box="[480,690,1596,1619]" page="338" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" year="1944">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF57AC1CC474E10FE007B0D8A638638" author="Hartman" box="[480,637,1596,1619]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Hartman, O. (1944) New England Annelida. Part 2. Including the unpublished plates by Verrill with reconstructed captions. Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 82, 327 - 344." type="journal article" year="1944">Hartman 1944</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 338
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, pl. 13, fig. 2.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC474E10FEE87B6D8B7D8618" blockId="48.[264,1323,1372,1715]" box="[264,867,1628,1651]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB74201ECC474E10FEE87B6D8B7D8618" box="[264,867,1628,1651]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC474E10FEE87B6D8A8E8618" ID-CoL="JZ2Y" authority="Hartman 1945: 16" authorityName="Hartman" authorityPageNumber="16" authorityYear="1945" box="[264,656,1628,1651]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Autolytus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ornatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC474E10FEE87B6D89DA8618" box="[264,452,1628,1651]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Autolytus ornatus</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC52121CC474E10FE2B7B6D8A8E8618" author="Hartman" box="[459,656,1628,1651]" page="16" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" year="1945">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF57AC1CC474E10FE2B7B6D8A768618" author="Hartman" box="[459,616,1628,1651]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Hartman, O. (1945) The marine annelids of North Carolina. Duke University marine station bulletin, 2, 1 - 51." type="journal article" year="1945">Hartman 1945</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 16
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC52121CC474E10FD7B7B6D8B258618" author="Allen" box="[667,827,1628,1651]" page="49" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" year="1957">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF57AC1CC474E10FD7B7B6D8B088618" author="Allen" box="[667,790,1628,1651]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Allen, M. J. (1957) The breeding of polychaetous annelids near Parguera, Puerto Rico. Biological Bulletin, 113, 49 - 57" type="journal article" year="1957">Allen 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 49
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
–50
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC474E10FEE87B4D8C5486F8" blockId="48.[264,1323,1372,1715]" box="[264,1098,1660,1683]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB74201ECC474E10FEE87B4D8C5486F8" box="[264,1098,1660,1683]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC474E10FEE87B4D8AB186F8" ID-CoL="JZ4K" authority="Pettibone 1963: 141" authorityName="Pettibone" authorityPageNumber="141" authorityYear="1963" box="[264,687,1660,1683]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Autolytus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fasciatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC474E10FEE87B4D89CC86F8" box="[264,466,1660,1683]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Autolytus fasciatus</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC52121CC474E10FE397B4D8AB186F8" author="Pettibone" box="[473,687,1660,1683]" page="141" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" year="1963">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF57AC1CC474E10FE397B4D8A6386F8" author="Pettibone" box="[473,637,1660,1683]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Pettibone, M. H. (1963) Marine polychaete worms of the New England region. 1. Families Aphroditidae through Trochochaetidae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 227, 1 - 356." type="journal article" year="1963">Pettibone 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 141
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–143, figs 37A–B, 38–39;
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF57AC1CC474E10FC2C7B4D8C5886F8" author="Allen" box="[972,1094,1660,1683]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Allen, M. J. (1964) Embryological development of the syllid, Autolytus fasciatus (Bosc) (Class Polychaeta). Biological Bulletin, 127, 187 - 205." type="journal article" year="1964">Allen 1964</bibRefCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC474E10FEE87BAD8B7486D8" blockId="48.[264,1323,1372,1715]" box="[264,874,1692,1715]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB74201ECC474E10FEE87BAD8B7486D8" box="[264,874,1692,1715]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC474E10FEE87BAD8AB486D8" ID-CoL="4MMRS" authority="Gardiner 1976: 127" authorityName="Gardiner" authorityPageNumber="127" authorityYear="1976" box="[264,682,1692,1715]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Proceraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fasciata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC474E10FEE87BAD89CC86D8" box="[264,466,1692,1715]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Proceraea fasciata</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC52121CC474E10FE397BAD8AB486D8" author="Gardiner" box="[473,682,1692,1715]" page="127" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" year="1976">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF57AC1CC474E10FE397BAD8A6986D8" author="Gardiner" box="[473,631,1692,1715]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Gardiner, S. L. (1976) Errant polychaete annelids from North Carolina. Journal of the Elisha Mitchell Scientific Society, 91, 77 - 220." type="journal article" year="1976">Gardiner 1976</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 127
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–129, fig. 10E–H.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37E54BBCC474E10FEE87BE88B768700" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC474E10FEE87BE88B768700" blockId="48.[264,1324,1753,1899]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC474E10FEE87BE889EA8698" bold="true" box="[264,500,1753,1779]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC474E10FDE37BE88A208698" bold="true" box="[515,574,1753,1779]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37347A0CC474E10FDE37BE88A208698" box="[515,574,1753,1779]" name="United States of America" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DFB992CC474E10FDAC7BE88AAD8698" box="[588,691,1753,1779]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC474E10FD397BE88C588698" authority="Verrill, 1873" authorityName="Verrill" authorityYear="1873" box="[729,1094,1753,1779]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Proceraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ornata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC474E10FD397BE88BB78699" box="[729,937,1753,1778]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Proceraea ornata</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF57AC1CC474E10FC507BE88C588698" author="Verrill" box="[944,1094,1753,1779]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" refString="Verrill, A. E. (1873) Report upon the invertebrate animals of Vineyard Sound and the adjacent waters, with an account of the physical characters of the region. Report of the United States Commissioner of Fisheries, 1871 / 72, 295 - 778." type="journal article" year="1873">Verrill, 1873</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED759FF5CC474E10FBB27BE88C8C8698" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34880" box="[1106,1170,1753,1779]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34880" name="Peabody Museum of Natural History" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">YPM</collectionCode>
|
||
24226, Connecticut, New Haven Co. Branford, Thimble Islands, shallow depths, among hydroids and bryozoans,
|
||
<date id="FFDA21F0CC474E10FE717A188A048728" box="[401,538,1833,1859]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" value="1873-10-02">2 Oct 1873</date>
|
||
; 7 spms
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED759FF5CC474E10FD667A188AC58728" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" box="[646,731,1833,1859]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">USNM</collectionCode>
|
||
52909(15), North Carolina, Bogue Sound, Morehead City, shallow depths, shell gravel,
|
||
<date id="FFDA21F0CC474E10FD3B7A608B7A8700" box="[731,868,1873,1899]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" value="1974-04-06">6 Apr 1974</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37E54BBCC464E11FED87C2A8A9E8135" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC464E11FED87C2A8A9E8135" blockId="49.[264,1323,283,1870]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC464E11FED87C2A89AE815E" bold="true" box="[312,432,283,309]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC464E11FE237C2D8A20815E" box="[451,574,284,309]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Proceraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC464E11FE237C2D8A20815E" box="[451,574,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Proceraea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with broad redbrown bands on nearly every segment, or on every second to fourth segment.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37E54BBCC464E11FED87C5A8C7B874D" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC464E11FED87C5A8C44824D" blockId="49.[264,1323,283,1870]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC464E11FED87C5A89D781EE" bold="true" box="[312,457,363,389]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Description</emphasis>
|
||
. Length
|
||
<quantity id="4C9CAAD5CC464E11FDD37C5D8AAD81ED" box="[563,691,364,390]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="13.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="12.0">12–15 mm</quantity>
|
||
for 83–90 chaetigers; width
|
||
<quantity id="4C9CAAD5CC464E11FBE87C5D8C7881ED" box="[1032,1126,364,390]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Live specimens white with transverse intersegmental redbrown bands on dorsal side on nearly every segment, or on every second to forth segment (Fig. 10A); nuchal epualettes brownish; parapodial bases with single red spot; eyes red. Segmental bands sometimes preserve. Ciliation present on prostomium, nuchal epaulettes, and a few segments ventrally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC464E11FED87F05899582F5" blockId="49.[264,1323,283,1870]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Eyes confluent (Fig. 10A); eye spots present. Palps in dorsal view projecting 1/4 of prostomial length (Fig. 10A), fused. Extension of nuchal epaulettes to end of chaetiger 1 (Fig. 10A).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC464E11FED87F9D8A0383DD" blockId="49.[264,1323,283,1870]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Median antenna reaching chaetiger 8–12 (n=7) in preserved specimens. Lateral antennae and dorsal tentacular cirri, length 2/3 of median antenna. Ventral tentacular cirri 1/3–1/2 as long as dorsal pair. First dorsal cirri as long as median antenna, second dorsal cirri as long as ventral tentacular cirri. Alternation in direction of cirri not assessed. Dorsal cirri from chaetiger 3, of equal length, 1/4–1/3 of body width (Fig. 10A). Cirrophores on tentacular segment and first dorsal cirri present; cirrophores otherwise absent. All appendages cylindrical.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC464E11FED87EF58CF18415" blockId="49.[264,1323,283,1870]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
Parapodial lobes rounded conical, small (Fig. 10B). Anterior chaetigers with 2 aciculae,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9CAAD5CC464E11FEDA7EDD8976846D" box="[314,360,1004,1030]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
|
||
median and posterior. Chaetal fascicle with 10–15 compounds in anterior chaetigers,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9CAAD5CC464E11FEA9792589BC8445" box="[329,418,1044,1070]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.651" metricValueMax="2.54" metricValueMin="0.762" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="in" value="6.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="3.0">3–10 in</quantity>
|
||
median and posterior. Compound chaetae with small distal tooth in anterior 10–15 chaetigers (Fig. 10C, D), more posterior with large distal tooth (Fig. 10E); serration present. Single thick bayonet chaetae (Fig. 10F), beginning between chaetiger 14–15.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC464E11FED879BD8B63852D" blockId="49.[264,1323,283,1870]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Pharynx with sinuation anterior to proventricle (Fig. 10A). Trepan in chaetiger 2 (Fig. 10A), with 18 unequal teeth, 9 large and 9 smaller; 1 large alternating with 1 small, arranged in 2 rings. Basal ring present; infradental spines absent. Proventricle equal in length to 2–2,5 segments in chaetiger 7–9 (Fig. 10A) with 35–38 rows of muscle cells (n=5). Anal cirri equal in length to 1/3 of body width.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC464E11FED878658BE78695" blockId="49.[264,1323,283,1870]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC464E11FED878658BEC8505" bold="true" box="[312,1010,1364,1390]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Reproduction and morphology of reproductive stages</emphasis>
|
||
. Schizogamy by anterior scissiparity.
|
||
<specimenCount id="9D62CCB9CC464E11FE7B784D8A3185FD" box="[411,559,1404,1430]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="generic">3 specimens</specimenCount>
|
||
with developing stolons behind chaetiger 13.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC464E11FB81784D8D3785FD" box="[1121,1321,1404,1430]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Levidorum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="49" pageNumber="22" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pettibone">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF57AC1CC464E11FB81784D8D3785FD" author="Pettibone" box="[1121,1321,1404,1430]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Pettibone, M. H. (1963) Marine polychaete worms of the New England region. 1. Families Aphroditidae through Trochochaetidae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 227, 1 - 356." type="journal article" year="1963">Pettibone (1963)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
gives descriptions on stolon morphology. Stolons with same colour pattern as in stock.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37347A0CC464E11FAE778958D3685D5" box="[1287,1320,1444,1470]" name="American Samoa" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
judged from figures (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF57AC1CC464E11FE1E78FD8B96858D" author="Pettibone" box="[510,904,1484,1510]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Pettibone, M. H. (1963) Marine polychaete worms of the New England region. 1. Families Aphroditidae through Trochochaetidae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 227, 1 - 356." type="journal article" year="1963">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC464E11FE1E78FD8AAB858D" box="[510,693,1484,1510]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Levidorum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="49" pageNumber="22" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pettibone">Pettibone 1963</taxonomicName>
|
||
: figs 37A, 39A, B
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) all appendages cylindrical, both in male and female.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37347A0CC464E11FE3A78C58A088665" box="[474,534,1524,1550]" name="Malta" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Male</collectingCountry>
|
||
stolons with 6+(21–29)+(13–53) chaetigers. Nuchal epaulettes triangular, reaching half of first segment (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF57AC1CC464E11FD387B2D8C1F865D" author="Pettibone" box="[728,1025,1564,1590]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Pettibone, M. H. (1963) Marine polychaete worms of the New England region. 1. Families Aphroditidae through Trochochaetidae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 227, 1 - 356." type="journal article" year="1963">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC464E11FD387B2D8B91865D" box="[728,911,1564,1590]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Levidorum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="49" pageNumber="22" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pettibone">Pettibone 1963</taxonomicName>
|
||
: fig. 37A
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Tentacular cirri 2 pairs, first dorsal cirri situated above achaetous knobs (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF57AC1CC464E11FCA07B758C7B8635" author="Pettibone" box="[832,1125,1604,1630]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Pettibone, M. H. (1963) Marine polychaete worms of the New England region. 1. Families Aphroditidae through Trochochaetidae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 227, 1 - 356." type="journal article" year="1963">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC464E11FCA07B758BE88635" box="[832,1014,1604,1630]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Levidorum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="49" pageNumber="22" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pettibone">Pettibone 1963</taxonomicName>
|
||
: fig. 37B
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Female stolons with 6+(19–24)+(38–48) chaetigers. Nuchal epaulettes reaching half or end of chaetiger 1 (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF57AC1CC464E11FEF07BA58A2886C5" author="Pettibone" box="[272,566,1684,1710]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Pettibone, M. H. (1963) Marine polychaete worms of the New England region. 1. Families Aphroditidae through Trochochaetidae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 227, 1 - 356." type="journal article" year="1963">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC464E11FEF07BA589D986C5" box="[272,455,1684,1710]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Levidorum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="49" pageNumber="22" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pettibone">Pettibone 1963</taxonomicName>
|
||
: fig. 39B
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Tentacular cirri 2 pairs, first dorsal cirri situated above achaetous knobs (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF57AC1CC464E11FE6C7B8D8AAE86BD" author="Pettibone" box="[396,688,1724,1750]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Pettibone, M. H. (1963) Marine polychaete worms of the New England region. 1. Families Aphroditidae through Trochochaetidae. Bulletin of the United States National Museum, 227, 1 - 356." type="journal article" year="1963">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC464E11FE6C7B8D8A5C86BD" box="[396,578,1724,1750]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Levidorum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="49" pageNumber="22" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pettibone">Pettibone 1963</taxonomicName>
|
||
: fig. 39C
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Eggs carried in a 3lobed egg sac; eggs whitish, blue or purplish. Breeding occurs almost all year round (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF57AC1CC464E11FC837BD58BF28695" author="Allen" box="[867,1004,1764,1790]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" refString="Allen, M. J. (1957) The breeding of polychaetous annelids near Parguera, Puerto Rico. Biological Bulletin, 113, 49 - 57" type="journal article" year="1957">Allen 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC464E11FED87A3D8C7B874D" blockId="49.[264,1323,283,1870]" box="[312,1125,1804,1830]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC464E11FED87A3D8986874D" bold="true" box="[312,408,1804,1830]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Habitat</emphasis>
|
||
. Intertidal to
|
||
<quantity id="4C9CAAD5CC464E11FDD77A3D8A68874D" box="[567,630,1804,1830]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" unit="m" value="40.0">40 m</quantity>
|
||
, among algae, hydrozoans and bryozoans.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37E54BBCC464E11FED87A058CE48725" box="[312,1274,1844,1870]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC464E11FED87A058CE48725" blockId="49.[264,1323,283,1870]" box="[312,1274,1844,1870]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC464E11FED87A0589CF8725" bold="true" box="[312,465,1844,1870]" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
. North West Atlantic. Massachusetts to South Carolina,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37347A0CC464E11FB877A058CEB8725" box="[1127,1269,1844,1870]" name="Puerto Rico" pageId="49" pageNumber="50">Puerto Rico</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37E54BBCC454E12FED87C2A8A858225" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC454E12FED87C2A8A858225" blockId="50.[264,1324,283,590]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC454E12FED87C2A89B4815E" bold="true" box="[312,426,283,309]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC454E12FE5B7C2D8A83815E" box="[443,669,284,309]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Proceraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fasciata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC454E12FE5B7C2D8A83815E" box="[443,669,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Proceraea fasciata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is unique among
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC454E12FC997C2D8BEA815E" box="[889,1012,284,309]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Proceraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC454E12FC997C2D8BEA815E" box="[889,1012,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Proceraea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in its colour pattern. The colour pattern is not always retained in preserved specimens, and can thus be confused with preserved specimens of
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC454E12FDBC7C5D8AB181EE" box="[604,687,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">P. p i c t a</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC454E12FD217C5D8C2B81ED" authority="Claparede, 1864" authorityName="Claparede" authorityYear="1864" box="[705,1077,364,390]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Proceraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="scapularis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC454E12FD217C5D8B4981EE" box="[705,855,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">P. scapularis</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF57AC1CC454E12FC867C5D8C3281ED" author="Claparede" box="[870,1068,364,390]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refString="Claparede, E. (1864) Glanures zootomiques parmi les annelides de Port-Vendres (Pyrenees Orientales). Memoires de la Societe de physique d'histoire naturelle de Geneve 17, 463 - 600." type="journal article" year="1864">Claparède, 1864</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC454E12FB907C5D8D3C81EE" box="[1136,1314,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC454E12FB907C5D8CC181EE" box="[1136,1247,364,389]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Proceraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pleijeli" status="sp. nov.">P. pleijeli</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A2236659CC454E12FB057C5D8D3C81EE" box="[1253,1314,364,389]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, which all have about the same length in their nuchal epaulettes and about the same
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DFB992CC454E12FB387CA58D1581C5" box="[1240,1291,404,430]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">type</typeStatus>
|
||
of compound chaetae. The proventricle is generally longer in these three species measuring 3–4 segments with>43 rows of muscle cells compared to 2–2.5 segments and 33–38 rows. The synonymy of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC454E12FE067F3D8AF7824E" box="[486,745,524,549]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Proceraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="tardigrada">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC454E12FE067F3D8AF7824E" box="[486,745,524,549]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Proceraea tardigrada</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC454E12FD1A7F3D8BEB824E" box="[762,1013,524,549]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC454E12FD1A7F3D8B66824E" box="[762,888,524,549]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Proceraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Proceraea</taxonomicName>
|
||
? coerulea
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC454E12FBDA7F3D8D13824E" box="[1082,1293,524,549]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Proceraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="ornata">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC454E12FBDA7F3D8D13824E" box="[1082,1293,524,549]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Proceraea ornata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is concluded from their descriptions.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37E54BBCC454E12FEE87F9D8C098366" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC454E12FEE87F9D8BF082AD" blockId="50.[264,1006,684,710]" box="[264,1006,684,710]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC454E12FEE87F9D8BF082AD" bold="true" box="[264,1006,684,710]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC454E12FEE87F9D8B5582AD" ID-CoL="4MMRT" authority="Hartmann-Schroder, 1989" authorityName="Hartmann-Schroder" authorityYear="1989" box="[264,843,684,710]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Proceraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="filiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC454E12FEE87F9D89E582AD" bold="true" box="[264,507,684,710]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Proceraea filiformis</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF57AC1CC454E12FDE37F9D8B5582AD" author="Hartmann-Schroder" box="[515,843,684,710]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refString="Hartmann-Schroder, G. (1989) Die Polychaeten der antiborealen und subtropisch-tropischen Kuste Sudost-Australiens zwischen Lakes Entrance (Victoria) im Suden und Maclean (New South Wales) im Norden. Teil 14. In: Hartmann-Schroder, G. & Hartman, G. Zur Kenntnis des Eulitorals der australischen Kusten unter besonderer Berucksichtigung der Polychaeten und Ostracoden. Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut, 86, 11 - 63." type="journal article" year="1989">HartmannSchröder, 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig. 11A–F)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC454E12FEE87FC68C098366" blockId="50.[264,1047,758,782]" box="[264,1047,758,782]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB74201ECC454E12FEE87FC68C098366" box="[264,1047,758,782]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC454E12FEE87FC68B368366" ID-CoL="4MMRT" authority="Hartmann-Schroder, 1989: 33" authorityName="Hartmann-Schroder" authorityPageNumber="33" authorityYear="1989" box="[264,808,758,782]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Proceraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="filiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC454E12FEE87FC689FE8365" box="[264,480,759,782]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Proceraea filiformis</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC52121CC454E12FE077FC78B368366" author="Hartmann-Schroder" box="[487,808,758,781]" page="33" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" year="1989">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF57AC1CC454E12FE077FC78B1E8366" author="Hartmann-Schroder" box="[487,768,758,781]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refString="Hartmann-Schroder, G. (1989) Die Polychaeten der antiborealen und subtropisch-tropischen Kuste Sudost-Australiens zwischen Lakes Entrance (Victoria) im Suden und Maclean (New South Wales) im Norden. Teil 14. In: Hartmann-Schroder, G. & Hartman, G. Zur Kenntnis des Eulitorals der australischen Kusten unter besonderer Berucksichtigung der Polychaeten und Ostracoden. Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut, 86, 11 - 63." type="journal article" year="1989">HartmannSchröder, 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 33
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, figs 47–51; 1991: 43.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37E54BBCC454E12FEE87E0F8A4583EA" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC454E12FEE87E0F8A4583EA" blockId="50.[264,1324,830,1897]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC454E12FEE87E0F89E98333" bold="true" box="[264,503,830,856]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC454E12FDEA7E0F8A618333" bold="true" box="[522,639,830,856]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37347A0CC454E12FDEA7E0F8A618333" box="[522,639,830,856]" name="Australia" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DFB992CC454E12FD727E0E8AE68332" box="[658,760,831,857]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED759FF5CC454E12FCE27E0E8B5D8332" box="[770,835,831,857]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kdnf-0379" name="Zoologisches Museum Hamburg" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">ZMH</collectionCode>
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED759FF5CC454E12FCAE7E0E8B778332" box="[846,873,831,857]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">P</collectionCode>
|
||
19669, Lake
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37347A0CC454E12FBE97E0E8C978332" box="[1033,1161,831,857]" name="Australia" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Macquarie</collectingCountry>
|
||
, south of sea entrance, algae,
|
||
<date id="FFDA21F0CC454E12FE267E568A4983EA" box="[454,599,871,897]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" value="1976-01-15">15 Jan 1976</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37E54BBCC454E12FED87EBF896E83BA" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC454E12FED87EBF896E83BA" blockId="50.[264,1324,830,1897]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC454E12FED87EBF89AE83C3" bold="true" box="[312,432,910,936]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC454E12FE217EBE8A2283C3" box="[449,572,911,936]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Proceraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC454E12FE217EBE8A2283C3" box="[449,572,911,936]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Proceraea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with large palps, large confluent eyes, and with an 8sinuated pharynx.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37E54BBCC454E12FED87EEF89EA8772" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC454E12FED87EEF8D3C844A" blockId="50.[264,1324,830,1897]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC454E12FED87EEF89D78393" bold="true" box="[312,457,990,1016]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Description</emphasis>
|
||
. Length
|
||
<quantity id="4C9CAAD5CC454E12FDD47EEE8A918392" box="[564,655,991,1017]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="2.2">2.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
for 18 chaetigers, incomplete, width
|
||
<quantity id="4C9CAAD5CC454E12FBAC7EEE8CB58392" box="[1100,1195,991,1017]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Preserved material whitish, no colour markings; eyes reddish orange. Ciliation not possible to assess.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC454E12FED8791E89B284F2" blockId="50.[264,1324,830,1897]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Eyes large, confluent; eye spots absent. Palps in dorsal view projecting 1/2 of prostomial length, fused (Fig. 11B). Extension of nuchal epaulettes to end of tentacular segment (Fig. 11A, B).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC454E12FED879968B7485E2" blockId="50.[264,1324,830,1897]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
Median antenna reaching chaetiger 6. Lateral antennae and dorsal tentacular cirri, length 2/3 of median antenna. Ventral tentacular cirri 1/3 as long as dorsal pair. First dorsal cirri lost, second dorsal cirri as long as ventral tentacular cirri. Dorsal cirri from chaetiger 3, of equal length, 1/3 of body width (Fig. 11A). Cirrophores on tentacular segment and first dorsal cirri present; cirrophores otherwise absent. All appendages cylindrical, including lost first dorsal cirri (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF57AC1CC454E12FDCC785E8B4385E2" author="Hartmann-Schroder" box="[556,861,1391,1417]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" refString="Hartmann-Schroder, G. (1989) Die Polychaeten der antiborealen und subtropisch-tropischen Kuste Sudost-Australiens zwischen Lakes Entrance (Victoria) im Suden und Maclean (New South Wales) im Norden. Teil 14. In: Hartmann-Schroder, G. & Hartman, G. Zur Kenntnis des Eulitorals der australischen Kusten unter besonderer Berucksichtigung der Polychaeten und Ostracoden. Mitteilungen aus dem Hamburgischen Zoologischen Museum und Institut, 86, 11 - 63." type="journal article" year="1989">HartmannSchröder 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC454E12FED878A68D348642" blockId="50.[264,1324,830,1897]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
Parapodial lobes rounded conical, small (Fig. 11A). Anterior chaetigers with 2 aciculae,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9CAAD5CC454E12FEDB788E897585B2" box="[315,363,1471,1497]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
|
||
posterior. Chaetal fascicle with 5–6 compounds. Compound chaetae with small distal tooth in anterior 3 chaetigers (Fig. 11E), more posterior with large distal tooth (Fig. 11F); serration present. Single thick bayonet chaetae (Fig. 11F), beginning at chaetiger 15.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC454E12FED87B068CEA86A2" blockId="50.[264,1324,830,1897]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Pharynx with twisted sinuation anterior to proventricle (Fig. 11A). Trepan in chaetiger 1, with 18 unequal teeth; 9 large and 9 smaller; 1 large alternating with 1 small (Fig. 11C, D), arranged in 2 rings. Basal ring present; infradental spines absent. Proventricle equal in length to 2.5 segments in chaetiger 8–10 with 35 rows of muscle cells. Pygidium lost.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC454E12FED87BE78A7B869A" blockId="50.[264,1324,830,1897]" box="[312,613,1750,1777]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC454E12FED87BE789FA869B" bold="true" box="[312,484,1750,1776]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Reproduction</emphasis>
|
||
. Unknown
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC454E12FED87BCF89EA8772" blockId="50.[264,1324,830,1897]" box="[312,500,1790,1817]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC454E12FED87BCF89868773" bold="true" box="[312,408,1790,1816]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Habitat</emphasis>
|
||
. Algae.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37E54BBCC454E12FED87A178BC2872A" box="[312,988,1830,1857]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC454E12FED87A178BC2872A" blockId="50.[264,1324,830,1897]" box="[312,988,1830,1857]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC454E12FED87A1789CF872B" bold="true" box="[312,465,1830,1856]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
. South West Pacific. East coast of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37347A0CC454E12FC8A7A168BC7872A" box="[874,985,1831,1857]" name="Australia" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37E54BBCC454E13FED87A7F8B248135" lastPageId="51" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC454E13FED87A7F8B248135" blockId="50.[264,1324,830,1897]" lastBlockId="51.[264,1320,284,350]" lastPageId="51" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC454E12FED87A7F89B48703" bold="true" box="[312,426,1870,1896]" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC454E12FE587A7E8ABA8703" box="[440,676,1871,1896]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Proceraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="filiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC454E12FE587A7E8ABA8703" box="[440,676,1871,1896]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Proceraea filiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is most similar to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC454E12FC9D7A7E8C048703" box="[893,1050,1871,1896]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Proceraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="aurantiaca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC454E12FC9D7A7E8C048703" box="[893,1050,1871,1896]" italics="true" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">P. aurantiaca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
which also may have a twisted pharynx. However, the nuchal epaulettes are shorter in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC444E13FBF97C2D8CB8815E" box="[1049,1190,284,309]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Proceraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="filiformis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC444E13FBF97C2D8CB8815E" box="[1049,1190,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">P. filiformis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
than in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC444E13FAF57C2D89968136" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Proceraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="aurantiaca">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC444E13FAF57C2D89968136" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">P. aurantiaca</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. See also remarks for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC444E13FD6F7C758B2C8136" box="[655,818,324,349]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Proceraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="misakiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC444E13FD6F7C758B2C8136" box="[655,818,324,349]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">P. misakiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37E54BBCC444E13FEE87C8D8BC78276" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="reference_group">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC444E13FEE87C8D8BC78276" blockId="51.[264,986,443,470]" lastBlockId="51.[264,985,518,542]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB74201ECC444E13FEE87C8D8BC78276" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC444E13FEE87C8D8BC481BE" bold="true" box="[264,986,443,470]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC444E13FEE87C8D8B2881BE" ID-CoL="6W9VV" authority="Nygren & Gidholm, 2001" authorityName="Nygren & Gidholm" authorityYear="2001" box="[264,822,443,470]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Proceraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gigantea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC444E13FEE87C8D89ED81BD" bold="true" box="[264,499,444,470]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Proceraea gigantea</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF57AC1CC444E13FE1B7C8A8B2881BE" author="Nygren" box="[507,822,443,469]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" refString="Nygren, A. & Gidholm, L. (2001) Three new species of Proceraea (Polychaeta: Syllidae: Autolytinae) from Brazil and the United States, with a synopsis of all Proceraea - like taxa. Ophelia, 54, 177 - 191." type="journal article" year="2001">Nygren & Gidholm, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Fig. 12A–F)
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC444E13FEE87F368B328276" ID-CoL="6W9VV" authority="Nygren & Gidholm, 2001: 187" authorityName="Nygren & Gidholm" authorityPageNumber="187" authorityYear="2001" box="[264,812,518,542]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Proceraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gigantea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC444E13FEE87F3689C58275" box="[264,475,519,542]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Proceraea gigantea</emphasis>
|
||
<treatmentCitation id="0AC52121CC444E13FE027F378B328276" author="Nygren" box="[482,812,518,541]" page="187" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" year="2001">
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF57AC1CC444E13FE027F378AE78276" author="Nygren" box="[482,761,518,541]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" refString="Nygren, A. & Gidholm, L. (2001) Three new species of Proceraea (Polychaeta: Syllidae: Autolytinae) from Brazil and the United States, with a synopsis of all Proceraea - like taxa. Ophelia, 54, 177 - 191." type="journal article" year="2001">Nygren & Gidholm, 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: 187
|
||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
–190, figs 8–10.
|
||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37E54BBCC444E13FEE87F608C4E83E8" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC444E13FEE87F608C4E83E8" blockId="51.[264,1323,593,1899]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC444E13FEE87F6089E38200" bold="true" box="[264,509,593,619]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Material examined</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC444E13FDF37F608A508200" bold="true" box="[531,590,593,619]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37347A0CC444E13FDF37F608A508200" box="[531,590,593,619]" name="United States of America" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">USA</collectingCountry>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DFB992CC444E13FD857F608AD28200" box="[613,716,593,619]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(LACMPOLY 1966), 1
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DFB992CC444E13FBF47F608C678200" box="[1044,1145,593,619]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
(LACMAHF
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED759FF5CC444E13FEE87F48894F82F8" box="[264,337,633,659]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">POLY</collectionCode>
|
||
1967) and additional 6 spms (2 mounted for SEM), Santa Catalina
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37347A0CC444E13FB857F488CB182F8" box="[1125,1199,633,659]" name="Iceland" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Wrighley Marine Science center, the vicinity,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5061F7CC444E13FD2B7F908B2C82D0" box="[715,818,673,699]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" precision="925" value="33.4">33°24’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5061F7CC444E13FCA47F908BA082D0" box="[836,958,673,699]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" precision="925" value="-118.5">118°30’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, dredge,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9CAAD5CC444E13FBD47F908C6782D0" box="[1076,1145,673,699]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="10.0">10 m</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC444E13FB6B7F908CF782D1" box="[1163,1257,673,698]" class="Gastropoda" family="Haliotidae" genus="Haliotis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepetellida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC444E13FB6B7F908CF782D1" box="[1163,1257,673,698]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Haliotis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
with algae, sponges, vermetids,
|
||
<date id="FFDA21F0CC444E13FDAA7FF88AF88288" box="[586,742,713,739]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="1971-04-15">15 Apr 1971</date>
|
||
; 1 spm, Santa Catalina
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37347A0CC444E13FBE47FF88C518288" box="[1028,1103,713,739]" name="Iceland" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
, Wrighley Marine Science center, the harbor,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5061F7CC444E13FDAB7FC08AAD8360" box="[587,691,753,779]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" precision="925" value="33.45">33°27’N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5061F7CC444E13FD207FC08B278360" box="[704,825,753,779]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" precision="925" value="-118.48333">118°29’W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9CAAD5CC444E13FCA77FC08B908360" box="[839,910,753,779]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="0.5">0.5 m</quantity>
|
||
, eelgrass, stones and green algae,
|
||
<date id="FFDA21F0CC444E13FEE87E2889818358" box="[264,415,793,819]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="1971-04-14">14 Apr 1971</date>
|
||
; 5 spms (rear ends in author's collection for
|
||
<collectionCode id="ED759FF5CC444E13FC417E288BFF8358" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15536" box="[929,993,793,819]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15536" name="Department of Natural Resources, Environment, The Arts and Sport" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">DNA</collectionCode>
|
||
analyses),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC444E13FB827E288CC28358" box="[1122,1244,793,819]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="51" pageNumber="68" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="california">California</taxonomicName>
|
||
, Santa Catalina
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37347A0CC444E13FE957E7089A18330" box="[373,447,833,859]" name="Iceland" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Island</collectingCountry>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5061F7CC444E13FE2F7E708A4A8330" box="[463,596,833,859]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" precision="9" value="33.445">33°26.70'N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="EE5061F7CC444E13FD807E708AE48330" box="[608,762,833,859]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" precision="9" value="-118.48417">118°29.05'W</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9CAAD5CC444E13FCEA7E708B208330" box="[778,830,833,859]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="m" value="1.0">1 m</quantity>
|
||
, floating dock, outside Wrighley marine science center, amongst hydroids, sponges, bryozoans,
|
||
<date id="FFDA21F0CC444E13FC6E7E588C5583E8" box="[910,1099,873,899]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" value="2001-01-14" valueMax="2001-01-17" valueMin="2001-01-14">14–17 Jan 2001</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37E54BBCC444E13FED87EA08AC283B8" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC444E13FED87EA08AC283B8" blockId="51.[264,1323,593,1899]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC444E13FED87EA089AE83C0" bold="true" box="[312,432,913,939]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
. Large
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC444E13FDEA7EA08A9B83C1" box="[522,645,913,938]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Proceraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC444E13FDEA7EA08A9B83C1" box="[522,645,913,938]" italics="true" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Proceraea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, up to
|
||
<quantity id="4C9CAAD5CC444E13FD367EA08B3283C0" box="[726,812,913,939]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="mm" value="50.0">50 mm</quantity>
|
||
, with large teeth in trepan, orange in colour with single red spot in parapodial lobes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37E54BBCC444E14FED87ED08981821D" lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC444E13FED87ED08BC78480" blockId="51.[264,1323,593,1899]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC444E13FED87ED089D78390" bold="true" box="[312,457,993,1019]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Description</emphasis>
|
||
. Length up to
|
||
<quantity id="4C9CAAD5CC444E13FD957ED08AD98390" box="[629,711,993,1019]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="mm" value="48.0">48 mm</quantity>
|
||
for 118 chaetigers in live specimens. Length in preserved specimens
|
||
<quantity id="4C9CAAD5CC444E13FE0179388A618448" box="[481,639,1033,1059]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0799999999999996" metricValueMax="3.6799999999999997" metricValueMin="0.48" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="mm" value="20.799999999999997" valueMax="36.8" valueMin="4.8">4.8–36.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
for 43–118 chaetigers, width
|
||
<quantity id="4C9CAAD5CC444E13FC0879388C868448" box="[1000,1176,1033,1059]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8499999999999996" metricValueMax="4.2" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="mm" value="0.285" valueMax="0.42" valueMin="0.15">0.15–0.42 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Live specimens without colour markings, yellowish to orange (Fig. 12A), sometimes with scattered reddishbrown pigments anteriorly; parapodial bases with single red spot (Fig. 12B); intestine yellowishbrown without light reflecting granular accumulations; proventricle pinkishorange; eyes red. Preserved specimens without colours. Ciliation present on prostomium, nuchal epaulettes, and a few segments ventrally.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC444E13FED879C88A768508" blockId="51.[264,1323,593,1899]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Eyes confluent or almost confluent; eye spots present. Palps in dorsal view projecting c. 1/2 of prostomial length (Fig. 12A), fused. Nuchal epaulettes extending over anterior part of chaetiger 1 (Fig. 12A).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC444E13FED8784089938610" blockId="51.[264,1323,593,1899]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
Median antenna reaching chaetiger
|
||
<quantity id="4C9CAAD5CC444E13FD0478408B5085E0" box="[740,846,1393,1419]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.445" metricValueMax="5.08" metricValueMin="3.81" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="in" value="17.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="15.0">15–20 in</quantity>
|
||
live specimens (n=6). Lateral antennae and dorsal tentacular cirri, length 1/3–2/3 of median antenna. Ventral tentacular cirri 1/3– 1/2 as long as dorsal pair. First dorsal cirri 2/3 of median antenna, second dorsal cirri 1–1.5 times ventral tentacular cirri. Alternation in direction of cirri not assessed. Dorsal cirri from chaetiger 3, of equal length, 1/3–1/2 of body width (Fig. 12A). Cirrophores on tentacular segment and first dorsal cirri present; cirrophores otherwise absent. All appendages cylindrical.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC444E13FED87BB88C3B8728" blockId="51.[264,1323,593,1899]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
|
||
Parapodial lobes rounded conical, small. Anterior chaetigers with 3–4 aciculae,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9CAAD5CC444E13FB007BB88D3486C8" box="[1248,1322,1673,1699]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.81" metricValueMax="5.08" metricValueMin="2.54" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="in" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 in</quantity>
|
||
median and posterior. Chaetal fascicle with 8–16 compounds in anterior chaetigers,
|
||
<quantity id="4C9CAAD5CC444E13FB007B808D3486A0" box="[1248,1322,1713,1739]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.397" metricValueMax="1.778" metricValueMin="1.016" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" unit="in" value="5.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="4.0">4–7 in</quantity>
|
||
median and posterior. Compound chaetae with small distal tooth (Fig. 12D) in anterior 5– 10 chaetigers, more posterior with large distal tooth (Fig. 12E); serration present. Single thick bayonet chaetae beginning between chaetiger 5–20 (Fig. 12F).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC444E13FED87A608D358700" blockId="51.[264,1323,593,1899]" box="[312,1323,1873,1899]" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Pharynx with 1 sinuation anterior and lateral to anterior half of proventricle (Fig.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC434E14FEE87C2D8CD181C5" blockId="52.[264,1323,284,950]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">12A). Trepan in chaetiger 2–3 (Fig. 12A), with 18 unequal teeth (Fig. 12C), 9 large and 9 smaller; 1 large alternating with 1 small in 2 rings. Basal ring present; infradental spines absent. Proventricle equal in length to 3–5 segments in chaetiger 6–10 (Fig. 12A) with 50– 60 rows of muscle cells (n=6). Anal cirri equal in length to 1/2–2/3 of body width.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC434E14FED87C8A8B16824D" blockId="52.[264,1323,284,950]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC434E14FED87C8A89FA81BE" bold="true" box="[312,484,443,469]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Reproduction</emphasis>
|
||
. Schizogamy by anterior scissiparity. A few specimens are in different stages of developing heads behind chaetiger 13 (collected in January). Specimens with developed swimming chaetae not observed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC434E14FED87F028981821D" blockId="52.[264,1323,284,950]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC434E14FED87F0289868226" bold="true" box="[312,408,563,589]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Habitat</emphasis>
|
||
. Among algae, sponges and hydroids on stones and shells. Shallow water to c.
|
||
<quantity id="4C9CAAD5CC434E14FEE87F6D895D821D" box="[264,323,604,630]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" unit="m" value="18.0">18 m</quantity>
|
||
depths.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37E54BBCC434E14FED87FB58CA382F5" box="[312,1213,644,670]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC434E14FED87FB58CA382F5" blockId="52.[264,1323,284,950]" box="[312,1213,644,670]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC434E14FED87FB589CF82F5" bold="true" box="[312,465,644,670]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||
. North East Pacific.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC434E14FD267FB58B5F82F5" box="[710,833,644,670]" class="Hydrozoa" family="Stylasteridae" genus="Allopora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anthoathecata" pageId="52" pageNumber="68" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="california">California</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Only known from
|
||
<typeStatus id="54DFB992CC434E14FBC57FB58C4682F5" box="[1061,1112,644,670]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="C37E54BBCC434E14FED87F9D8D0983DD" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="8BDB0730CC434E14FED87F9D8D0983DD" blockId="52.[264,1323,284,950]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC434E14FED87F9D89B482AD" bold="true" box="[312,426,684,710]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC434E14FE5C7F9D8AB782AE" box="[444,681,684,709]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Proceraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="gigantea">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC434E14FE5C7F9D8AB782AE" box="[444,681,684,709]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Proceraea gigantea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was described as the largest known
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC434E14FB937F9D8CF082AE" box="[1139,1262,684,709]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Proceraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC434E14FB937F9D8CF082AE" box="[1139,1262,684,709]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Proceraea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and with extraordinary large teeth in its trepan. Size is not a very good character for separating taxa as the sizerange for other
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC434E14FD6A7FCD8B1B837E" box="[650,773,764,789]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Proceraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC434E14FD6A7FCD8B1B837E" box="[650,773,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Proceraea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not fully understood. Large trepan teeth is also found in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC434E14FE517E158AED8355" authority="Ehlers, 1907" authorityName="Ehlers" authorityYear="1907" box="[433,755,804,830]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Proceraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="monoceros">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC434E14FE517E158A4E8356" box="[433,592,804,829]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">P. monoceros</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF57AC1CC434E14FDB97E158AED8355" author="Ehlers" box="[601,755,804,830]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refString="Ehlers, E. (1907) Neuseelandische Anneliden. 2. Abhandlungen der Koniglichen Gesellschaft der Wissenschaften zu Gottingen Mathematisch-Physikalische Klasse neue folge 5, 1 - 31." type="journal article" year="1907">Ehlers, 1907</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC434E14FCD67E158CBB8355" authority="Imajima, 1966" authorityName="Imajima" authorityYear="1966" box="[822,1189,804,830]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Proceraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="longilappeta">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC434E14FCD67E158BF78356" box="[822,1001,804,829]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">P. longilappeta</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="EFF57AC1CC434E14FC137E158CBB8355" author="Imajima" box="[1011,1189,804,830]" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" refString="Imajima, M. (1966) The Syllidae (Polychaetous Annelids) from Japan (2) Autolytinae. Publications of the Seto Marine Biological Laboratory, 14, 27 - 83." type="journal article" year="1966">Imajima, 1966</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
; these taxa have longer nuchal epaulettes reaching end of chaetiger 1 and beginning of chaetiger 2 respectively; further these taxa have small distal tooth in all chaetigers.
|
||
<collectingCountry id="F37347A0CC434E14FBB57E458C6883E5" box="[1109,1142,884,910]" name="American Samoa" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">As</collectingCountry>
|
||
size of teeth in the trepan of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="4C647CB3CC434E14FE447EAD8A5983DE" box="[420,583,924,949]" class="Polychaeta" family="Syllidae" genus="Proceraea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="misakiensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="B910DB22CC434E14FE447EAD8A5983DE" box="[420,583,924,949]" italics="true" pageId="52" pageNumber="53">P. misakiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is not known, synonomy with this taxon cannot be excluded.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |