321 lines
29 KiB
XML
321 lines
29 KiB
XML
<document ID-ISSN="2305-2562" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="diego" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="diego" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="diego" IM.metadata_approvedBy="diego" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="diego" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="diego" IM.treatments_approvedBy="diego" checkinTime="1683582641946" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="de Winter, A. J. & Vastenhout, N." docDate="2013" docId="03BB8789FF9C5E14CCB1FB71FDD3C628" docLanguage="en" docName="AfrInvertebr.54.2.605-663.pdf" docOrigin="African Invertebrates 54 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:B78C63EC8CEBBB75364A82B35BB1F83D.3:AfrInvertebr.2008-2015.journal_article.0cover" docStyleId="B78C63EC8CEBBB75364A82B35BB1F83D" docStyleName="AfrInvertebr.2008-2015.journal_article.0cover" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Avakubia crystallum de Winter & Vastenhout 2013, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="632" masterDocId="FF82FFF1FF855E0FCD0BFFA4FFE3C24B" masterDocTitle="Revision of the Afrotropical land snail genus Avakubia Pilsbry, 1919, with description of Pseudavakubia gen. n. and eleven new species (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Streptaxidae)" masterLastPageNumber="663" masterPageNumber="605" pageNumber="630" updateTime="1683648228792" updateUser="diego" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Revision of the Afrotropical land snail genus Avakubia Pilsbry, 1919, with description of Pseudavakubia gen. n. and eleven new species (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Streptaxidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>de Winter, A. J.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Vastenhout, N.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>African Invertebrates</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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||
<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2013</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2013-12-31</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>54</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>2</mods:number>
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||
</mods:detail>
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||
<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>605</mods:start>
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<mods:end>663</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">2305-2562</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BB8789FF9C5E14CCB1FB71FDD3C628" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BB8789FF9C5E14CCB1FB71FDD3C628" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="632" pageId="25" pageNumber="630">
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<subSubSection box="[442,881,1237,1264]" pageId="25" pageNumber="630" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph blockId="25.[181,1142,1237,1677]" box="[442,881,1237,1264]" pageId="25" pageNumber="630">
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||
<heading box="[442,881,1237,1264]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="25" pageNumber="630" reason="2">
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||
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="7Q9GQ" authority="de Winter" authorityName="de Winter & Vastenhout" authorityYear="2013" box="[442,810,1237,1263]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Avakubia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="25" pageNumber="630" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crystallum" status="sp. n.">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[442,692,1237,1263]" pageId="25" pageNumber="630">Avakubia crystallum</emphasis>
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de Winter
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[821,881,1238,1264]" pageId="25" pageNumber="630" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection box="[572,751,1277,1304]" pageId="25" pageNumber="630" type="description">
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||
<paragraph blockId="25.[181,1142,1237,1677]" box="[572,751,1277,1304]" pageId="25" pageNumber="630">
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<figureCitation box="[572,657,1277,1303]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[142,175,1631,1653]" captionTargetBox="[151,1096,777,1606]" captionTargetId="figure-224@26.[151,1096,777,1606]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig.13. Avakubia crystallum sp. n., holotype, RMNH.MOL.330185, apertural (A), lateral (B, C), umbilical (D) and apical (E) views. Scale bar = 1 mm." pageId="25" pageNumber="630">Figs 13</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation box="[669,751,1277,1304]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="33.[181,214,1530,1552]" captionTargetBox="[229,1098,205,1503]" captionTargetId="figure-9@33.[229,1098,205,874]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Fig. 18. SEM photographs of shell sculpture of Avakubia species: (A–D) A. fruticicola sp. n., paratype, RMNH.MOL.254642: (A) apex, (B) enlarged view of second protoconch whorl, (C) apical view of protoconch; (D) detail of sculpture on second protoconch whorl; (E, F) A. biokoensis sp. n., low vacuum SEM of holotype, RMNH.MOL.327295: (E) second protoconch whorl, (F) detail of sculpture of second protoconch whorl; (G, H) A. crystallum sp. n., holotype, RMNH.MOL.330185: (G) apex, (H) detail of sculpture on second protoconch whorl." pageId="25" pageNumber="630">18G, H</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection box="[181,711,1318,1340]" pageId="25" pageNumber="630" type="reference_group">
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||
<paragraph blockId="25.[181,1142,1237,1677]" box="[181,711,1318,1340]" pageId="25" pageNumber="630">
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||
<treatmentCitationGroup box="[181,711,1318,1340]" pageId="25" pageNumber="630">
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||
<treatmentCitation author="WINTER, A. J. DE" box="[181,707,1318,1340]" page="225" pageId="25" pageNumber="630" year="1995">
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<taxonomicName ID-CoL="3HLKF" authority=": de Winter 1995: 225" authorityName=": de Winter" authorityPageNumber="225" authorityYear="1995" box="[181,707,1318,1340]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Gulella" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="25" pageNumber="630" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="avakubiensis" subGenus="Avakubia">
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<emphasis box="[181,354,1318,1339]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="630">Gulella (Avakubia)</emphasis>
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cf.
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<emphasis box="[389,506,1318,1339]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="630">avakubiensis</emphasis>
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: de
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<bibRefCitation author="WINTER, A. J. DE" box="[545,707,1318,1340]" pageId="25" pageNumber="630" pagination="223 - 228" refId="ref27930" refString="WINTER, A. J. DE. 1995. Gastropod diversity in a rain forest in Gabon, West Africa. In: van Bruggen, A. C., Wells, S. M. & Kemperman, Th. C. M., eds, Biodiversity and conservation of the Mollusca. Oegstgeest-Leiden, The Netherlands: Backhuys, pp. 223 - 228." type="book chapter" year="1995">Winter 1995: 225</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="632" pageId="25" pageNumber="630" type="etymology">
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<paragraph blockId="25.[181,1142,1237,1677]" pageId="25" pageNumber="630">
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Etymology:The species name is a noun in apposition and refers to the
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<typeStatus box="[925,972,1355,1381]" pageId="25" pageNumber="630">type</typeStatus>
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locality (Monts de Cristal), as well as to the glassy, gem-like appearance of the fresh shell (especially with the red softparts inside), which, however, is not unique for this species.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="25.[181,1142,1237,1677]" lastBlockId="26.[144,1104,204,726]" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="631" pageId="25" pageNumber="630">
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Diagnosis: Resembles
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<taxonomicName authorityName="de Winter & Vastenhout" authorityYear="2013" box="[430,574,1458,1485]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Avakubia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="25" pageNumber="630" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fruticicola">
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<emphasis box="[430,574,1458,1485]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="630">A. fruticicola</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, especially by its (slightly less) close-set teleoconch ribs, but this species has a smaller, less elongate shell with less rapidly expanding whorls, less sharp apical angle and spire angle, proportionally larger body whorl, and differs in protoconch sculpture. The shell of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="de Winter & Vastenhout" authorityYear="2013" box="[565,713,1554,1581]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Avakubia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="25" pageNumber="630" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="biokoensis">
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<emphasis box="[565,713,1554,1581]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="630">A. biokoensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is larger and more oval, with a smaller number of spiral cords on the protoconch; the shell of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="de Winter & Vastenhout" authorityYear="2013" box="[763,926,1586,1613]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Avakubia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="25" pageNumber="630" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
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<emphasis box="[763,926,1586,1613]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="630">A. occidentalis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is similarly shaped, but has a less densely ribbed teleoconch, tighter coiled whorls and different protoconch sculpture;
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<taxonomicName authorityName="de Winter & Vastenhout" authorityYear="2013" box="[301,453,1650,1677]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Avakubia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="25" pageNumber="630" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crystallum">
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<emphasis box="[301,453,1650,1677]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="630">A. crystallum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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resembles
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<taxonomicName authorityName=": de Winter" authorityYear="1995" box="[584,763,1650,1677]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Gulella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="25" pageNumber="630" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="avakubiensis">
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<emphasis box="[584,763,1650,1677]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="630">A. avakubiensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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only superficially, differing by a larger shell with much less widely spaced ribs, as well as in details of the protoconch sculpture.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph blockId="26.[144,1104,204,726]" box="[144,283,276,302]" pageId="26" pageNumber="631">Description:</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph blockId="26.[144,1104,204,726]" lastBlockId="27.[181,1142,203,1123]" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="632" pageId="26" pageNumber="631">
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||
<emphasis box="[144,200,316,342]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="631">Shell</emphasis>
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||
(
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||
<figureCitation box="[217,306,316,342]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="26.[142,175,1631,1653]" captionTargetBox="[151,1096,777,1606]" captionTargetId="figure-224@26.[151,1096,777,1606]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Fig.13. Avakubia crystallum sp. n., holotype, RMNH.MOL.330185, apertural (A), lateral (B, C), umbilical (D) and apical (E) views. Scale bar = 1 mm." pageId="26" pageNumber="631">Figs 13</figureCitation>
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,
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||
<figureCitation box="[320,407,316,342]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="33.[181,214,1530,1552]" captionTargetBox="[229,1098,205,1503]" captionTargetId="figure-9@33.[229,1098,205,874]" captionTargetPageId="33" captionText="Fig. 18. SEM photographs of shell sculpture of Avakubia species: (A–D) A. fruticicola sp. n., paratype, RMNH.MOL.254642: (A) apex, (B) enlarged view of second protoconch whorl, (C) apical view of protoconch; (D) detail of sculpture on second protoconch whorl; (E, F) A. biokoensis sp. n., low vacuum SEM of holotype, RMNH.MOL.327295: (E) second protoconch whorl, (F) detail of sculpture of second protoconch whorl; (G, H) A. crystallum sp. n., holotype, RMNH.MOL.330185: (G) apex, (H) detail of sculpture on second protoconch whorl." pageId="26" pageNumber="631">18G, H</figureCitation>
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||
,
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<tableCitation box="[420,505,316,342]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="7.[563,634,204,225]" captionText="TABLE 1 (continued) Conchometric data for 87 adult Avakubia shells. Measurements and abbreviations are explained in Fig. 1. Measurements of holotype of A.avakubiensis are taken from available illustrations (see species description), as far as possible (* – holotype excluded,? – character not observable in available illustrations)." pageId="26" pageNumber="631">Table 1</tableCitation>
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):
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<materialsCitation country="Philippines" lastPageId="27" lastPageNumber="632" location="PH" pageId="26" pageNumber="631" specimenCount="11" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
Medium-sized (mean H
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||
<quantity box="[811,903,316,342]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.7" pageId="26" pageNumber="631" unit="mm" value="3.7">3.7 mm</quantity>
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||
), ovate-biconical, largest width at penultimate whorl. H:D in
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||
<typeStatus box="[655,753,348,374]" pageId="26" pageNumber="631">holotype</typeStatus>
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||
1.79, in other specimen 1.79. Whorls expanding rather fast: coiling tightness in
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<typeStatus box="[712,810,380,406]" pageId="26" pageNumber="631">holotype</typeStatus>
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||
4.1, in other specimen
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||
<emphasis box="[1077,1103,380,405]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="631">ca</emphasis>
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||
4.0. Whorls moderately convex.Apex slightly pointed. Protoconch consisting of
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<emphasis box="[1036,1062,412,437]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="631">ca</emphasis>
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||
2.0 whorls, second protoconch whorl convex, contour resembling that of
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<taxonomicName authorityName=": de Winter" authorityYear="1995" box="[921,1097,444,470]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Gulella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="26" pageNumber="631" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="avakubiensis">
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||
<emphasis box="[921,1097,444,470]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="631">A. avakubiensis</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
. Protoconch sculpture of
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<typeStatus box="[422,520,476,502]" pageId="26" pageNumber="631">holotype</typeStatus>
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||
consists of 15 regularly spaced spiral cords on last protoconch whorl, each 6.2–8.5 µm wide, without noticeably thinner lines between them. Spiral cords made up of adjoining but distinct particles of variable length, but generally longer than wide. Teleoconch sculpture of rather close-set, curved, slightly oblique axial ribs,
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<emphasis box="[351,377,604,629]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="631">ca</emphasis>
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10.7 ribs/mm on penultimate whorl in
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<typeStatus box="[815,916,604,630]" pageId="26" pageNumber="631">holotype</typeStatus>
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, 11.1 ribs/mm in other specimen, with fine spirals in interstices. Last whorl takes up half the shell height or less, in
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<typeStatus box="[262,360,668,694]" pageId="26" pageNumber="631">holotype</typeStatus>
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BWH 50% of H, in other specimen 47%. Peristome complete in
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<typeStatus box="[144,242,700,726]" pageId="26" pageNumber="631">holotype</typeStatus>
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(not in other specimen, measurements are estimates), somewhat higher than wide,
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<collectingCountry box="[250,292,204,230]" name="Philippines" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">PH</collectingCountry>
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:PW in
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<typeStatus box="[375,473,204,230]" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">holotype</typeStatus>
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||
1.15, in other specimen 1.08.
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<collectingCountry box="[814,850,204,230]" name="Philippines" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">PH</collectingCountry>
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37% of H in
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<typeStatus box="[1007,1108,204,230]" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">holotype</typeStatus>
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, in other specimen 29 %. PW 58% of D in
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<typeStatus box="[617,718,236,262]" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">holotype</typeStatus>
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, in other specimen 49 %. Apertural lip
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||
<typeStatus box="[181,279,268,294]" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">holotype</typeStatus>
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||
expanded and flaring, slightly reflected and somewhat incrassate. Two apertural barriers visible in aperture: a weak, thickening on mid-palatal wall and a slightly projecting angular tooth that extends inwards as deeply entering lamella. Internal palatal wall of body whorl with a deep-set palatal fold (no longer visible in coated
|
||
<typeStatus box="[995,1095,364,390]" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">holotype</typeStatus>
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||
, nor in other specimen which is worn). Columellar lamella not visible in aperture. Umbilicus narrow but open
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</materialsCitation>
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||
.
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||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption pageId="26" pageNumber="631" startId="26.[142,175,1631,1653]" targetBox="[151,1096,777,1606]" targetPageId="26" targetType="figure">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="26.[142,1103,1631,1677]" pageId="26" pageNumber="631">
|
||
Fig. 13.
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||
<taxonomicName authority="de Winter & Vastenhout, 2013" authorityName="de Winter & Vastenhout" authorityYear="2013" box="[216,401,1631,1652]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Avakubia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="26" pageNumber="631" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crystallum" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[216,401,1631,1652]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="631">Avakubia crystallum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[406,455,1631,1652]" pageId="26" pageNumber="631" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
, holotype, RMNH.MOL.330185, apertural (A), lateral (B, C), umbilical (D) and apical (E) views. Scale bar = 1 mm.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="27.[181,1142,203,1123]" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">
|
||
<emphasis box="[181,319,468,494]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">Body colour</emphasis>
|
||
:
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||
<typeStatus box="[333,437,468,494]" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
with conspicuously pinkish red coloured soft parts (collector’s observation).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="27.[181,1142,203,1123]" box="[181,414,540,566]" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">
|
||
<emphasis box="[181,281,540,566]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">Anatomy</emphasis>
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||
: Unknown.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="27.[181,1142,203,1123]" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">
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||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1989-12-26" collectionCode="RMNH" collectorName="de Cristal & J. J. Wieringa" country="Gabon" elevation="400" latitude="0.5" location="Monts de Cristal" longLatPrecision="7856" longitude="10.3" pageId="27" pageNumber="632" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Estuaire" typeStatus="holotype">
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||
<typeStatus box="[181,269,578,600]" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
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||
<collectingCountry box="[280,364,578,599]" name="Gabon" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">GABON</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis box="[375,523,578,600]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[375,523,578,600]" country="Gabon" name="Estuaire" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">Région Estuaire</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BB8789FF9C5E14CCB1FB71FDD3C628:8ECD6044FF9E5E14CF12FDE6FD54C013" box="[537,695,578,600]" country="Gabon" latitude="0.5" longLatPrecision="7856" longitude="10.3" name="Monts de Cristal" pageId="27" pageNumber="632" stateProvince="Estuaire">
|
||
Monts
|
||
<collectorName box="[603,695,578,600]" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">de Cristal</collectorName>
|
||
</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[706,727,579,600]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">ca</emphasis>
|
||
<locationDeviation box="[735,927,578,600]" location="Kinguele" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">
|
||
<quantity box="[735,783,578,600]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="632" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
|
||
N of Kinguélé
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[939,992,578,600]" degrees="0.5" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="632" precision="5555" value="0.5">0.5°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[1000,1064,578,599]" degrees="10.3" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="632" precision="5555" value="10.3">10.3°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity box="[1076,1138,578,599]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="632" unit="m" value="400.0">
|
||
<elevation box="[1076,1138,578,599]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="632" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date box="[181,285,602,624]" pageId="27" pageNumber="632" value="1989-12-26">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[181,285,602,624]" pageId="27" pageNumber="632" value="1989-12-26">26.xii.1989</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
<collectorName box="[290,411,602,624]" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">J.J. Wieringa</collectorName>
|
||
, wet rocky slope in rainforest (
|
||
<collectionCode box="[691,764,602,624]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="27" pageNumber="632" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
.MOL.330185).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="27.[181,1142,203,1123]" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">
|
||
Other material examined:
|
||
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1991-07" collectionCode="RMNH" collectorName="J. Reitsma" country="Gabon" elevation="50" latitude="-1.75" location="Ofoubou area" longLatPrecision="785" longitude="10.1" pageId="27" pageNumber="632" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ngounie">
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[416,500,637,658]" name="Gabon" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">GABON</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<emphasis box="[508,654,637,658]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[508,654,637,658]" country="Gabon" name="Ngounie" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">Région Ngounié</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<specimenCount box="[664,709,637,659]" pageId="27" pageNumber="632" type="generic">1 ad.</specimenCount>
|
||
dry shell,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BB8789FF9C5E14CCB1FB71FDD3C628:8ECD6044FF9E5E14CE2AFDD9FC7DC0D9" box="[801,926,637,659]" country="Gabon" latitude="-1.75" longLatPrecision="785" longitude="10.1" name="Ofoubou area" pageId="27" pageNumber="632" stateProvince="Ngounie">Ofoubou area</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[934,955,637,658]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">ca</emphasis>
|
||
<locationDeviation box="[960,1138,637,659]" location="Mandji" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">
|
||
<quantity box="[960,1017,637,659]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="632" unit="km" value="30.0">30 km</quantity>
|
||
W of Mandji
|
||
</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[181,243,660,682]" degrees="1.75" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="632" precision="555" value="-1.75">1.75°S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[248,325,661,682]" degrees="10.10" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="632" precision="555" value="10.1">10.10°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis box="[334,355,661,682]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">ca</emphasis>
|
||
<quantity box="[361,409,660,682]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="632" unit="m" value="50.0">
|
||
<elevation box="[361,409,660,682]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="632" unit="m" value="50.0">50 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date box="[418,494,661,683]" pageId="27" pageNumber="632" value="1991-07">
|
||
<collectingDate box="[418,494,661,683]" pageId="27" pageNumber="632" value="1991-07">vii.1991</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectorName box="[504,601,661,683]" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">J. Reitsma</collectorName>
|
||
, rainforest (
|
||
<collectionCode box="[709,781,660,682]" country="Netherlands" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34992" name="National Museum of Natural History, Naturalis" pageId="27" pageNumber="632" type="Museum">RMNH</collectionCode>
|
||
.MOL.330186)
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="27.[181,1142,203,1123]" box="[181,615,697,723]" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">
|
||
Distribution (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[332,414,697,723]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="22.[144,177,716,738]" captionTargetBox="[146,1104,204,687]" captionTargetId="figure-438@22.[146,1104,204,687]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Fig. 11. Distribution records of Avakubia avakubiensis (Pilsbry, 1919), A. cf. avakubiensis, A. crystallum sp. n. and A. fruticicola sp. n. Material of Avakubia sp. (identified as A. avakubiensis by van Bruggen and Van Goethem (2007)) was not examined." pageId="27" pageNumber="632">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
): Western
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[533,611,697,723]" name="Gabon" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">Gabon</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="27.[181,1142,203,1123]" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">
|
||
Habitat: The
|
||
<typeStatus box="[326,424,737,763]" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
was collected from a
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[665,758,738,763]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="27" pageNumber="632" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[665,758,738,763]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">Begonia</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
plant (
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Sosef" authorityName="Sosef" box="[835,1035,737,763]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="27" pageNumber="632" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="letouzeyi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[835,965,737,763]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">B. letouzeyi</emphasis>
|
||
Sosef
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) growing on a wet rock along a stream in undisturbed rainforest at
|
||
<specimenCount box="[827,906,769,795]" pageId="27" pageNumber="632" type="generic">
|
||
<quantity box="[827,902,769,795]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="632" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</specimenCount>
|
||
The other specimen, an eroded empty shell, was found in a leaf-litter sample in undisturbed lowland rainforest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="27.[181,1142,203,1123]" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">
|
||
Remarks: This species is somewhat intermediate between
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="de Winter & Vastenhout" authorityYear="2013" box="[835,984,873,899]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Avakubia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="27" pageNumber="632" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fruticicola">
|
||
<emphasis box="[835,984,873,899]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">A. fruticicola</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="de Winter & Vastenhout" authorityYear="2013" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Avakubia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="27" pageNumber="632" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="biokoensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">A. biokoensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in shell size and rib sculpture. In shell shape it best resembles
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="de Winter & Vastenhout" authorityYear="2013" box="[912,1076,905,931]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Avakubia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="27" pageNumber="632" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
|
||
<emphasis box="[912,1076,905,931]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">A. occidentalis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Still, the two western Gabonese shells appear to be recognisable by a number of characters, and we prefer to treat these specimens as a new species, also in view of the considerable (
|
||
<quantity box="[189,369,1001,1028]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="632" unit="km" value="750.0" valueMax="1200.0" valueMin="300.0">300 to 1200 km</quantity>
|
||
) geographic separation between the known localities of these species and those of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="de Winter & Vastenhout" authorityYear="2013" box="[324,473,1033,1059]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Avakubia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="27" pageNumber="632" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crystallum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[324,473,1033,1059]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">A. crystallum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Specimens reported from Central
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[865,940,1033,1059]" name="Gabon" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">Gabon</collectingCountry>
|
||
by
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="FONTAINE, B. & GARGOMINY, O. & NEUBERT, E." pageId="27" pageNumber="632" pagination="313 - 338" refId="ref27108" refString="FONTAINE, B., GARGOMINY, O. & NEUBERT, E. 2007. Land snail diversity of the savanna / forest mosaic in Lope National Park, Gabon. Malacologia 49: 313 - 338." type="journal article" year="2007">
|
||
Fontaine
|
||
<emphasis box="[1086,1142,1033,1059]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2007)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
are clearly not conspecific with
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="de Winter & Vastenhout" authorityYear="2013" box="[634,786,1065,1091]" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Avakubia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="27" pageNumber="632" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="crystallum">
|
||
<emphasis box="[634,786,1065,1091]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">A. crystallum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and more closely resemble
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName=": de Winter" authorityYear="1995" class="Gastropoda" family="Streptaxidae" genus="Gulella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="27" pageNumber="632" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="avakubiensis">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="632">A. avakubiensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(as discussed there).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |