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<mods:title id="BCB9EE0344B8C2A97C715F0523A82BDE">Correcting sponge names: nomenclatural update of lower taxa level Porifera</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="F0E7F3EAFFD9316D9786FD51BF1405AF" ID-CoL="5RT4W" authority="Thiele, 1898" authorityName="Thiele" authorityYear="1898" box="[151,630,649,676]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="variety" species="grayi" variety="lateralis">
<emphasis id="0593547BFFD9316D9786FD51BF1405AF" bold="true" box="[151,630,649,676]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="0593547BFFD9316D9786FD51BC5A05AF" bold="true" box="[151,312,649,676]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Thenea grayi</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="0593547BFFD9316D9664FD51BCB505AF" bold="true" box="[373,471,649,676]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">lateralis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5376F598FFD9316D96CFFD51BF1405AF" author="Thiele, J." box="[478,630,649,676]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 72" refId="ref107574" refString="Thiele, J. (1898) Studien ¸ ber pazifische Spongien. I. Japanische Demospongien. Zoologica, Original-Abhandlungen aus dem Gesamtgebiete der Zoologie. Stuttgart, 24 (1), 1 - 72, pls. I - VIII. [https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 9095971] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 106767" type="journal article" year="1898">Thiele, 1898</bibRefCitation>
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="7FFDDBE2FFD9316D9786FD76BD9D05C3" box="[151,255,686,712]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="description">
<paragraph id="37588869FFD9316D9786FD76BD9D05C3" blockId="62.[151,630,649,712]" box="[151,255,686,712]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
(
<figureCitation id="AFDC94ECFFD9316D978EFD76BD9505C3" box="[159,247,686,712]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="57.[151,250,1761,1785]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,181,1733]" captionTargetId="figure-18@57.[152,1435,181,1737]" captionTargetPageId="57" captionText="FIGURE 6. A. Geodia variospiculosa var. aapta Lebwohl, 1914: pl. II figs. 6377, B. Geodia variospiculosa var. clavigera Thiele, 1898: pl. VI fig. 7b, CD. Geodia variospiculosa var. intermedia Von Lendenfeld, 1910: pl. 17 figs. 3940, E. Geodia variospiculosa var. micraster Von Lendenfeld, 1910: pl. 17 fig. 41, FG. Poecillastra compressa var. parvistellata Topsent, 1913: pl. IV figs. 12, H. Racodiscula sceptrellifera var. siliquariae; Pattanayak 2009: pl. VI fig. E, I. Racodiscula sceptrellifera var. spiroglyphi; Pattanayak, 2009: pl. VI fig. F, J. Racodiscula sceptrellifera var. spiroglyphi Annandale, 1911b: pl. IX figs. 115, K. Sidonops alba var. minor Hentschel, 1912: pl. 17 fig. 5, L. Stelletta aurora var. arenosa Hentschel, 1909: fig. 7, M. Stelletta validissima f. orthotriaena Koltun, 1966: pl. VII fig. 1, N. Thenea grayi var. lateralis Thiele, 1898: pl. V fig. 4, OP. Theonella swinhoei var. verrucosa Wilson, 1925, O. habitus pl. 43 fig. 1, P. Spicules pl. 49 fig. 10." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10494196" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10494196/files/figure.png" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Fig. 6N</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<treatmentCitation id="B646AE78FFD9316D9786FD2ABF300401" author="Thiele, J." box="[151,594,754,778]" page="28" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" year="1898">
<taxonomicName id="F0E7F3EAFFD9316D9786FD2ABF300401" ID-CoL="5RT4W" authority="Thiele, 1898: 28" authorityName="Thiele" authorityPageNumber="28" authorityYear="1898" box="[151,594,754,778]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="variety" species="grayi" variety="lateralis">
<emphasis id="0593547BFFD9316D9786FD2ABC7F0401" box="[151,285,754,778]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Thenea grayi</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="0593547BFFD9316D9641FD2ABCC60401" box="[336,420,754,778]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">lateralis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5376F598FFD9316D96BBFD2ABF300401" author="Thiele, J." box="[426,594,754,778]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 72" refId="ref107574" refString="Thiele, J. (1898) Studien ¸ ber pazifische Spongien. I. Japanische Demospongien. Zoologica, Original-Abhandlungen aus dem Gesamtgebiete der Zoologie. Stuttgart, 24 (1), 1 - 72, pls. I - VIII. [https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 9095971] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 106767" type="journal article" year="1898">Thiele, 1898: 28</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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, pl. V figs. 44a.
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The variety was described by Thiele from Sagami Bay, near Enoshima (D̂derleins Map no. 16), approximate coordinates
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<geoCoordinate id="52D3EEAEFFD9316D9697FC84BC92047C" box="[390,496,860,887]" degrees="138.55" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" precision="555" value="138.55">138.55°E</geoCoordinate>
(
<typeStatus id="E85C36CBFFD9316D96EEFC84BF01047D" box="[511,611,860,886]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
ZMB 4888). In his 1898
<collectingCountry id="4FF0C8F9FFD9316D9494FC85BEA7047C" box="[901,965,861,887]" name="Japan" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Japan</collectingCountry>
paper Thiele described a large number of
<taxonomicName id="F0E7F3EAFFD9316D9786FC58BC240491" box="[151,326,896,922]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="0593547BFFD9316D9786FC58BD8B0491" box="[151,233,896,922]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Thenea</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
, in a format that gave first the shared characters he observed collectively in the Japanese
<taxonomicName id="F0E7F3EAFFD9316D925BFC58BD8904B5" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="0593547BFFD9316D925BFC58B8FE0491" box="[1354,1436,896,922]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Thenea</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
, and subsequently with the individual species he only emphasized the unique characters. The species
<taxonomicName id="F0E7F3EAFFD9316D9299FC7DBCFF04E8" ID-CoL="56BKZ" authority="Sollas (1886: 183" authorityName="Sollas" authorityYear="1886" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="grayi">
<emphasis id="0593547BFFD9316D9299FC7DBDB004E9" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">T. grayi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5376F598FFD9316D97C9FC10BCFF04E8" author="Sollas, W. J." box="[216,413,968,995]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="177 - 199" refId="ref106543" refString="Sollas, W. J. (1886) Preliminary account of the Tetractinellid sponges Dredged by H. M. S. ' Challenger' 1872 - 76. Part I. The Choristida. Scientific Proceedings of the Royal Dublin Society, New Series, 5, 177 - 199. [https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 30405094]" type="journal article" year="1886">Sollas (1886: 183</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, cf. also
<bibRefCitation id="5376F598FFD9316D96EFFC10BFD104E8" author="Sollas, W. J." box="[510,691,968,995]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 458" refId="ref106607" refString="Sollas, W. J. (1888) Report on the Tetractinellida collected by H. M. S. Challenger, during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 76. Zoology, 25 (63), 1 - 458, pls. 1 - 44, 1 map. [https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 49521679]" type="book chapter" year="1888">Sollas, 1888: 65</bibRefCitation>
, pl. VI figs. 2122, originally reported from off Sydney, South East
<collectingCountry id="4FF0C8F9FFD9316D9786FC34BC63030D" box="[151,257,1004,1030]" name="Australia" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Australia</collectingCountry>
, Challenger Exped. Stat. 164c,
<geoCoordinate id="52D3EEAEFFD9316D9573FC34BFBA030D" box="[610,728,1004,1030]" degrees="34.3167" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" precision="5" value="-34.3167">34.3167°S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="52D3EEAEFFD9316D95CEFC34BE05030C" box="[735,871,1004,1031]" degrees="151.5167" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" precision="5" value="151.5167">151.5167°E</geoCoordinate>
, depth
<quantity id="F01F258CFFD9316D94A9FC35B963030C" box="[952,1025,1005,1031]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.32" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="m" value="732.0">732 m</quantity>
,
<specimenCount id="21E143E0FFD9316D931CFC34B9CC030C" box="[1037,1198,1004,1031]" count="3" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="generic" typeStatus="syntype">three syntypes</specimenCount>
BMNH 1889.1.1.26, cf.
<bibRefCitation id="5376F598FFD9316D97AAFBC9BF240320" author="Hooper, J. N. A. &amp; Wiedenmayer, F." box="[187,582,1040,1067]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 624" refId="ref98274" refString="Hooper, J. N. A. &amp; Wiedenmayer, F. (1994) Porifera. In: Wells, A. (Ed.), Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 12. CSIRO, Melbourne, pp. i - xiii + 1 - 624." type="book chapter" year="1994">Hooper &amp; Wiedenmayer 1994: 437</bibRefCitation>
) was also reported from
<collectingCountry id="4FF0C8F9FFD9316D944AFBC9BEF90320" box="[859,923,1041,1067]" name="Japan" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Japan</collectingCountry>
by Thiele from a locality in Sagami Bay, near Enoshima (D̂derleins [(1883): Map no. 14, approximate coordinates
<geoCoordinate id="52D3EEAEFFD9316D94B2FBECBE910344" box="[931,1011,1076,1103]" degrees="35.2" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" precision="5555" value="35.2">35.2°N</geoCoordinate>
139°
<geoCoordinate id="52D3EEAEFFD9316D933EFBECB9090344" box="[1071,1131,1076,1103]" degrees="54" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" precision="55555" value="54.0">54°E</geoCoordinate>
], close to that of the present variety. There are no spicular differences between
<taxonomicName id="F0E7F3EAFFD9316D95C7FB81B96E0378" ID-CoL="56BKZ" authority="sensu Thiele, 1898" authorityName="sensu Thiele" authorityYear="1898" box="[726,1036,1112,1139]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="grayi">
<emphasis id="0593547BFFD9316D95C7FB81BE4C0379" box="[726,814,1113,1138]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">T. grayi</emphasis>
sensu
<bibRefCitation id="5376F598FFD9316D946CFB80B96E0378" author="Thiele, J." box="[893,1036,1112,1139]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="1 - 72" refId="ref107574" refString="Thiele, J. (1898) Studien ¸ ber pazifische Spongien. I. Japanische Demospongien. Zoologica, Original-Abhandlungen aus dem Gesamtgebiete der Zoologie. Stuttgart, 24 (1), 1 - 72, pls. I - VIII. [https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 9095971] https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 106767" type="journal article" year="1898">Thiele, 1898</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
including the
<taxonomicName id="F0E7F3EAFFD9316D93A3FB81B8220379" ID-CoL="5RT4W" authorityName="Thiele" authorityYear="1898" box="[1202,1344,1112,1139]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="variety" species="grayi" variety="lateralis">
var.
<emphasis id="0593547BFFD9316D93F2FB80B8220379" box="[1251,1344,1112,1138]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">lateralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the typical variety, but there is a distinct difference in shape. Because such differences are not uncommon in
<taxonomicName id="F0E7F3EAFFD9316D925BFBA4BD8903B1" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="0593547BFFD9316D925BFBA4B8FE039D" box="[1354,1436,1148,1174]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Thenea</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
, I propose to merge the two Japanese varieties of
<taxonomicName id="F0E7F3EAFFD9316D9409FB79BE0D03B1" ID-CoL="56BKZ" authorityName="sensu Thiele" authorityYear="1898" box="[792,879,1185,1210]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="grayi">
<emphasis id="0593547BFFD9316D9409FB79BE0D03B1" box="[792,879,1185,1210]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">T. grayi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with the species
<taxonomicName id="F0E7F3EAFFD9316D9321FB78B83B03B1" ID-CoL="56BKZ" authority="Sollas, 1886" authorityName="Sollas" authorityYear="1886" box="[1072,1369,1184,1210]" class="Demospongiae" family="Theneidae" genus="Thenea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tetractinellida" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="grayi">
<emphasis id="0593547BFFD9316D9321FB78B9A603B1" box="[1072,1220,1184,1210]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Thenea grayi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5376F598FFD9316D93DAFB78B83B03B1" author="Sollas, W. J." box="[1227,1369,1184,1210]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" pagination="177 - 199" refId="ref106543" refString="Sollas, W. J. (1886) Preliminary account of the Tetractinellid sponges Dredged by H. M. S. ' Challenger' 1872 - 76. Part I. The Choristida. Scientific Proceedings of the Royal Dublin Society, New Series, 5, 177 - 199. [https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 30405094]" type="journal article" year="1886">Sollas, 1886</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
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