157 lines
20 KiB
XML
157 lines
20 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="CEFC0639C9E724078201659B29E2BD9E">Correcting sponge names: nomenclatural update of lower taxa level Porifera</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C959AD3D044C2E70EF18DDC03C398663">Van Soest, Rob W. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="FBA6BC63D9569E4BCE5AD6E927FA4983">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="606A66754B5BC86A99A600ABB06A9BC6">5398</mods:number>
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<subSubSection id="7FFDDBE2FFAE311A9786F8DCBFB20015" box="[151,720,1796,1823]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="37588869FFAE311A9786F8DCBFB20015" blockId="73.[151,720,1796,1823]" box="[151,720,1796,1823]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
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<heading id="6C103F05FFAE311A9786F8DCBFB20015" bold="true" box="[151,720,1796,1823]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="F0E7F3EAFFAE311A9786F8DCBFB20015" ID-CoL="W7GQ" authority="Hentschel, 1909" authorityName="Hentschel" authorityYear="1909" box="[151,720,1796,1823]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Cliona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="variety" species="carpenteri" variety="gracilis">
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<emphasis id="0593547BFFAE311A9786F8DCBFB20015" bold="true" box="[151,720,1796,1823]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
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<emphasis id="0593547BFFAE311A9786F8DCBC0E0015" bold="true" box="[151,364,1796,1823]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Cliona carpenteri</emphasis>
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var.
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<emphasis id="0593547BFFAE311A96BBF8DCBF660014" bold="true" box="[426,516,1796,1823]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">gracilis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="5376F598FFAE311A951BF8DDBFB20015" author="Hentschel, E." box="[522,720,1796,1823]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" pagination="347 - 402" refId="ref97342" refString="Hentschel, E. (1909) Tetraxonida. I. Teil. In: Michaelsen, W. & Hartmeyer, R. (Eds.), Die Fauna S ¸ dwest-Australiens. Ergebnisse der Hamburger s ¸ dwest-australischen Forschungsreise 1905. 2 (21). G. Fischer, Jena, pp. 347 - 402, pls. XXII - XXIII." type="book chapter" year="1909">Hentschel, 1909</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7FFDDBE2FFAE311A9786F891BE34006A" box="[151,854,1865,1889]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="37588869FFAE311A9786F891BE34006A" blockId="73.[151,854,1865,1889]" box="[151,854,1865,1889]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="17F7AF47FFAE311A9786F891BE34006A" box="[151,854,1865,1889]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
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<treatmentCitation id="B646AE78FFAE311A9786F891BFC8006A" author="Hentschel, E." box="[151,682,1865,1889]" page="387" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" year="1909">
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<taxonomicName id="F0E7F3EAFFAE311A9786F891BFC8006A" ID-CoL="W7GQ" authority="Hentschel, 1909: 387" authorityName="Hentschel" authorityPageNumber="387" authorityYear="1909" box="[151,682,1865,1889]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Cliona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" phylum="Porifera" rank="variety" species="carpenteri" variety="gracilis">
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<emphasis id="0593547BFFAE311A9786F891BC2E006A" box="[151,332,1865,1889]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Cliona carpenteri</emphasis>
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var.
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<emphasis id="0593547BFFAE311A966FF891BCA9006A" box="[382,459,1865,1889]" italics="true" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">gracilis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="5376F598FFAE311A96C3F891BFC8006A" author="Hentschel, E." box="[466,682,1865,1889]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" pagination="347 - 402" refId="ref97342" refString="Hentschel, E. (1909) Tetraxonida. I. Teil. In: Michaelsen, W. & Hartmeyer, R. (Eds.), Die Fauna S ¸ dwest-Australiens. Ergebnisse der Hamburger s ¸ dwest-australischen Forschungsreise 1905. 2 (21). G. Fischer, Jena, pp. 347 - 402, pls. XXII - XXIII." type="book chapter" year="1909">Hentschel, 1909: 387</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(no illustration).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="7FFDDBE2FFAE31199786F857BF090682" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph id="37588869FFAE31199786F857BF090682" blockId="73.[151,1437,1935,2034]" lastBlockId="74.[151,1437,150,753]" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">
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The variety was erected by Hentschel from Shark Bay, West
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<collectingCountry id="4FF0C8F9FFAE311A942CF857BEC500A2" box="[829,935,1935,1961]" name="Australia" pageId="73" pageNumber="74">Australia</collectingCountry>
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, approximate coordinates
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<geoCoordinate id="52D3EEAEFFAE311A93DDF857B84400A1" box="[1228,1318,1935,1962]" degrees="25.92" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="555" value="-25.92">25.92°S</geoCoordinate>
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<geoCoordinate id="52D3EEAEFFAE311A923CF857B8FA00A2" box="[1325,1432,1935,1961]" degrees="113.48" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" precision="555" value="113.48">113.48°E</geoCoordinate>
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, depth
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<quantity id="F01F258CFFAE311A97F0F86BBC7300C5" box="[225,273,1971,1998]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" unit="m" value="3.0">3 m</quantity>
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(type material ZMH, (ZMB fragment, but number cited by
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<bibRefCitation id="5376F598FFAE311A94CEF86CB81C00C6" author="Hooper, J. N. A. & Wiedenmayer, F." box="[991,1406,1971,1998]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" pagination="1 - 624" refId="ref98274" refString="Hooper, J. N. A. & Wiedenmayer, F. (1994) Porifera. In: Wells, A. (Ed.), Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 12. CSIRO, Melbourne, pp. i - xiii + 1 - 624." type="book chapter" year="1994">Hooper & Wiedenmayer 1994: 132</bibRefCitation>
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is incorrect), slide ZMB 4496). The variety differs from the typical variety described by
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<bibRefCitation id="5376F598FFAE311A9346F80FB85F00FA" author="Hancock, A." box="[1111,1341,2007,2033]" pageId="73" pageNumber="74" pagination="229 - 242" refId="ref97189" refString="Hancock, A. (1867) Note on the excavating sponges; with descriptions of four new species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 3, 19 (112), 229 - 242, pls. VII - VIII. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 22193065] https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222936708679766" type="journal article" year="1867">Hancock (1867: 241</bibRefCitation>
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, pl. VIII fig. 4, from Mazatlan, Pacific coast of
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<collectingCountry id="4FF0C8F9FFAD3119952EFF4FBFF507BA" box="[575,663,151,177]" name="Mexico" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Mexico</collectingCountry>
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,
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<typeStatus id="E85C36CBFFAD311995B0FF4FBE6107BA" box="[673,771,151,177]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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2 slides in the Hancock Museum reg. nrs 4.15.11 and 12, cf. redescription in Ŗtzler & Stone 1986: 661, figs. 4a–b) in having only a single category of microspined acanthoxeas measuring 72–90 x 3 µm versus two categories, 130 x 10 and 63 x 4 µm in the typical variety.
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<bibRefCitation id="5376F598FFAD311993BCFF07B8FE07F2" author="Carballo, J. L. & Cruz-Barraza, J. A. & Gomez, P." box="[1197,1436,223,249]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="353 - 397" refId="ref90551" refString="Carballo, J. L., Cruz-Barraza, J. A. & Gomez, P. (2004) Taxonomy and description of Clionaid sponges (Hadromerida, Clionaidae) from the Pacific Ocean of Mexico. Zoological Journal of the Linnaean Society of London, 141 (3), 353 - 397. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 3642.2004.00126. x" type="journal article" year="2004">
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Carballo
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<emphasis id="0593547BFFAD31199205FF07B82E07F2" box="[1300,1356,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">et al.</emphasis>
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(2004)
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</bibRefCitation>
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described
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<taxonomicName id="F0E7F3EAFFAD3119961BFEDBBCC20617" ID-CoL="W7FV" authorityName="Hancock" authorityYear="1867" box="[266,416,259,285]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Cliona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="carpenteri">
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<emphasis id="0593547BFFAD3119961BFEDBBCC20617" box="[266,416,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">C. carpenteri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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from the type locality citing microspined acanthoxeas ‘on average 84 x 4 µm’, but in their SEM plate of the spicules they clearly show two size categories (their Fig. 19B).
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<bibRefCitation id="5376F598FFAD3119935BFEFFB86C064A" author="Hentschel, E." box="[1098,1294,295,321]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="347 - 402" refId="ref97342" refString="Hentschel, E. (1909) Tetraxonida. I. Teil. In: Michaelsen, W. & Hartmeyer, R. (Eds.), Die Fauna S ¸ dwest-Australiens. Ergebnisse der Hamburger s ¸ dwest-australischen Forschungsreise 1905. 2 (21). G. Fischer, Jena, pp. 347 - 402, pls. XXII - XXIII." type="book chapter" year="1909">Hentschel (1909)</bibRefCitation>
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emphasized the slimness of the microspined acanthoxeas in the present variety, but the difference is only evident in the larger category (130 x 10 µm vs 72–90 x 3 µm).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7FFDDBE2FFAD311997D6FE4BB83905FA" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="37588869FFAD311997D6FE4BB83905FA" blockId="74.[151,1437,150,753]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
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The name combination of the present variety is a junior primary homonym of
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<taxonomicName id="F0E7F3EAFFAD3119932BFE4BB8FA06A6" ID-CoL="W7GQ" authority="Hancock, 1867" authorityName="Hancock" authorityYear="1867" box="[1082,1432,403,429]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Cliona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="gracilis">
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<emphasis id="0593547BFFAD3119932BFE4BB98606A6" box="[1082,1252,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Cliona gracilis</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="5376F598FFAD311993FAFE4BB8FA06A6" author="Hancock, A." box="[1259,1432,403,429]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="229 - 242" refId="ref97189" refString="Hancock, A. (1867) Note on the excavating sponges; with descriptions of four new species. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 3, 19 (112), 229 - 242, pls. VII - VIII. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 22193065] https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222936708679766" type="journal article" year="1867">Hancock, 1867</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Junior primary homonyms are permanently invalid (ICZN art. 57.2). Both are also currently assigned to genus
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<taxonomicName id="F0E7F3EAFFAD31199786FE03BC3F06FE" ID-CoL="84S8Q" authority="Gray, 1867" authorityName="Gray" authorityYear="1867" box="[151,349,475,501]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Pione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="0593547BFFAD31199786FE03BDBA06FF" box="[151,216,475,500]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Pione</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="5376F598FFAD311997F1FE03BC3F06FE" author="Gray, J. E." box="[224,349,475,501]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="492 - 558" refId="ref96748" refString="Gray, J. E. (1867) Notes on the Arrangement of Sponges, with the Descriptions of some New Genera. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 1867 (2), 492 - 558, pls. XXVII - XXVIII. [https: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 29533932]" type="journal article" year="1867">Gray, 1867</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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and thus Hentschel’s name must be replaced (ICZN art. 59.1), despite the fact that
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<taxonomicName id="F0E7F3EAFFAD3119921AFE03B8E006FE" ID-CoL="W7GQ" authorityName="Hancock" authorityYear="1867" box="[1291,1410,475,501]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Cliona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="gracilis">
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<emphasis id="0593547BFFAD3119921AFE03B8E006FE" box="[1291,1410,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">C. gracilis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is currently considered a junior synonym of
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<taxonomicName id="F0E7F3EAFFAD31199562FE27BE8C0512" ID-CoL="W7KF" authority="(Hancock, 1849)" baseAuthorityName="Hancock" baseAuthorityYear="1849" box="[627,1006,511,537]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Cliona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="vastifica">
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<emphasis id="0593547BFFAD31199562FE27BE440512" box="[627,806,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Cliona vastifica</emphasis>
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(
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<bibRefCitation id="5376F598FFAD31199427FE27BE840512" author="Hancock, A." box="[822,998,511,537]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="321 - 348" refId="ref97108" refString="Hancock, A. (1849) On the excavating powers of certain sponges belonging to the genus Cliona with descriptions of several new species, and an allied generic form. Annals and Magazine of Natural History, Series 2, 3 (17), 321 - 348, pls. XII - XV. [https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 16085612] https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 03745485909494773" type="journal article" year="1849">Hancock, 1849</bibRefCitation>
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)
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<bibRefCitation id="5376F598FFAD311994EBFE27B8FE0512" author="Hooper, J. N. A. & Wiedenmayer, F." box="[1018,1436,511,537]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="1 - 624" refId="ref98274" refString="Hooper, J. N. A. & Wiedenmayer, F. (1994) Porifera. In: Wells, A. (Ed.), Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 12. CSIRO, Melbourne, pp. i - xiii + 1 - 624." type="book chapter" year="1994">Hooper & Wiedenmayer (1994: 132)</bibRefCitation>
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reassigned the variety to the synonymy of the species
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<taxonomicName id="F0E7F3EAFFAD311995F9FDFBBE1E0537" ID-CoL="W7FV" authorityName="Hancock" authorityYear="1867" box="[744,892,547,573]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Cliona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="carpenteri">
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<emphasis id="0593547BFFAD311995F9FDFBBE1E0537" box="[744,892,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">C. carpenteri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. The status of
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<taxonomicName id="F0E7F3EAFFAD3119930DFDFBB9BA0537" ID-CoL="4J2QZ" baseAuthorityName="Hancock" baseAuthorityYear="1867" box="[1052,1240,547,572]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Pione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="carpenteri">
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<emphasis id="0593547BFFAD3119930DFDFBB9BA0537" box="[1052,1240,547,572]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Pione carpenteri</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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populations cited around the world (Pacific coast of North and South America, Central West Atlantic, Indian Ocean) makes it arbitrary to distinguish subspecific taxa. Nevertheless, the admittedly small differences between the
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<typeStatus id="E85C36CBFFAD311993B5FDB3B9B6058E" box="[1188,1236,619,645]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">type</typeStatus>
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specimens of the two varieties supports recognizing a separate taxon in West
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||
<collectingCountry id="4FF0C8F9FFAD3119942FFD57BECA05A2" box="[830,936,655,681]" name="Australia" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
, contra to
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="5376F598FFAD31199331FD57B8FE05A2" author="Hooper, J. N. A. & Wiedenmayer, F." box="[1056,1436,655,681]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="1 - 624" refId="ref98274" refString="Hooper, J. N. A. & Wiedenmayer, F. (1994) Porifera. In: Wells, A. (Ed.), Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Vol. 12. CSIRO, Melbourne, pp. i - xiii + 1 - 624." type="book chapter" year="1994">Hooper & Wiedenmayer’s (1994)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
unargued synonymy assignment. A forthcoming revision may reach the outcome that regional populations are better given the status of subspecies. I propose
|
||
<taxonomicName id="F0E7F3EAFFAD31199571FD0FBE8605FA" authorityName="Van" authorityYear="2024" box="[608,996,727,753]" class="Demospongiae" family="Clionaidae" genus="Pione" kingdom="Animalia" order="Clionaida" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Porifera" rank="subSpecies" species="carpenteri" status="nom. nov." subSpecies="hentscheli">
|
||
<emphasis id="0593547BFFAD31199571FD0FBE7C05FB" box="[608,798,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Pione carpenteri</emphasis>
|
||
subsp.
|
||
<emphasis id="0593547BFFAD31199463FD0FBE8605FA" box="[882,996,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">hentscheli</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="0593547BFFAD311994FAFD0FB93A05FA" bold="true" box="[1003,1112,727,753]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1EA0E900FFAD311994FAFD0FB93A05FA" box="[1003,1112,727,753]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">nom.nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
for the present variety.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |