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<document id="4E24112A5B6F8CCD3DCA24ED5F94C279" ID-CLB-Dataset="54779" ID-DOI="10.1093/zoolinnean/zlad009" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4c065cc9-0f2c-4e04-9141-c36bf101c3d5" ID-ISSN="0024-4082" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8152364" ID-ZooBank="A2863AB5-855B-4549-89EC-A57C46140CD9" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="carolina" IM.tables_approvedBy="carolina" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1689235433146" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Kolbasov, Gregory A., Savchenko, Alexandra S., Yu, Meng-Chen, Tsao, Yao-Feng, Ganmanee, Monthon &amp; Chan, Benny K. K." docDate="2023" docId="03FA8E1EAB44FF81453EFEDBFDA3FE20" docLanguage="en" docName="zlad009.pdf" docOrigin="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 198" docStyle="DocumentStyle:36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8.7:ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-.journal_article" docStyleId="36B3BD6A90C22AB4F7F465C853188CC8" docStyleName="ZoolJLinnSoc.2017-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="7" docTitle="Petrarca goanna Grygier 1991" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="774" masterDocId="FFC3F666AB40FF8B4617FFCFFFDEFFB3" masterDocTitle="Integrative taxonomy, larval biology and functional morphology of the little known gall-forming coral endoparasite Petrarca (Thecostraca: Ascothoracida)" masterLastPageNumber="801" masterPageNumber="767" pageNumber="771" updateTime="1689529875860" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="84A69009E4AD9526C01CFCB77506435F">Integrative taxonomy, larval biology and functional morphology of the little known gall-forming coral endoparasite Petrarca (Thecostraca: Ascothoracida)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="036EEF324D2DBF2554EC0640271D1852">Kolbasov, Gregory A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="980B92EC054539E349F5BA037977E99A">Savchenko, Alexandra S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3677DFD1A4F2BD6A211F84404C58E6B3">Yu, Meng-Chen</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="78FDDE35B533EF2DB6C9B9DDBE60CB21">Tsao, Yao-Feng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6FCDC75086E6EC3E387E8E364F929249">Ganmanee, Monthon</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A18F6F6A22B1788D5CA1B5E2AD52204E">Chan, Benny K. K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="F5C8C5A8407D05D1B4A6E0A5C839F4CB">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="BCF10D02D1DC531B5B213682A7685FE9">Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="D7F87CCE340ED7B740F9C03100446084">2023</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="7B3DDCF8C03B2F3E272EE387CE035545">2023-07-31</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="8E68D86DE88B9A5D4B288F1634FF7416">198</mods:number>
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<treatment id="03FA8E1EAB44FF81453EFEDBFDA3FE20" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8142204" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8142204" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FA8E1EAB44FF81453EFEDBFDA3FE20" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FA8E1EAB44FF81453EFEDBFDA3FE20" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="774" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">
<subSubSection id="C3496C83AB44FF8F453EFEDBFA85FE9B" box="[809,1371,275,297]" pageId="4" pageNumber="771" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BEC3F08AB44FF8F453EFEDBFA85FE9B" blockId="4.[809,1371,275,297]" box="[809,1371,275,297]" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">
<heading id="D0A48864AB44FF8F453EFEDBFA85FE9B" box="[809,1371,275,297]" centered="true" fontSize="9" level="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="771" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C53448BAB44FF8F453EFEDBFB09FE9A" authority="Grygier, 1991: 35 - 38" authorityName="Grygier" authorityPageNumber="35 - 38" authorityYear="1991" box="[809,1239,275,297]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Petrarcidae" genus="Petrarca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Laurida" pageId="4" pageNumber="771" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goanna">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB44FF8F453EFEDBFC3DFE9A" box="[809,995,276,297]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">Petrarca goanna</emphasis>
Grygier, 1991: 35–38
</taxonomicName>
, figs 18, 19.
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3496C83AB44FF81453EFE9DFDA3FE20" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="777" pageId="4" pageNumber="771" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BEC3F08AB44FF8F453EFE9DFC60FDEE" blockId="4.[809,1426,338,697]" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB44FF8F453EFE9DFBD8FED4" box="[809,1030,338,359]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">Material examined:</emphasis>
Four specimens in
<taxonomicName id="4C53448BAB44FF8F42FEFE9DFA52FED4" box="[1257,1420,338,359]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acroporidae" genus="Astreopora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="4" pageNumber="771" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB44FF8F42FEFE9DFABAFED4" box="[1257,1380,338,359]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">Astreopora</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
,
<specimenCount id="9D55F481AB44FF8F453EFEBEFC0DFE35" box="[809,979,368,390]" pageId="4" pageNumber="771" type="generic">two specimens</specimenCount>
in
<taxonomicName id="4C53448BAB44FF8F45EDFEBFFCB6FE17" authority="(Lamarck, 1816)" baseAuthorityName="Lamarck" baseAuthorityYear="1816" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Turbinaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="4" pageNumber="771" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="mesenterina">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB44FF8F45EDFEBFFACFFE35" box="[1018,1297,368,390]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">Turbinaria mesenterina</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC242F9AB44FF8F4335FEBFFCBEFE16" author="Lamarck J-BM" pageId="4" pageNumber="771" refId="ref15888" refString="Lamarck J-BM. 1816. Histoire naturelle des animaux sans Vertebres. Tome second. Paris: Verdiere, 568 pp." type="book" year="1816">Lamarck, 1816</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<specimenCount id="9D55F481AB44FF8F458DFE40FBF0FE16" box="[922,1070,399,421]" pageId="4" pageNumber="771" type="generic">12 specimens</specimenCount>
in
<taxonomicName id="4C53448BAB44FF8F425BFE40FB31FE17" box="[1100,1263,399,420]" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Turbinaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="4" pageNumber="771" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB44FF8F425BFE40FB14FE17" box="[1100,1226,399,420]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">Turbinaria</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6759CFAB44FF8F42EFFE40FA50FE17" box="[1272,1422,398,421]" degrees="22" direction="north" minutes="40" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="771" precision="1" seconds="39.2" value="22.677555">
22°40
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB44FF8F432FFE41FAE0FE16" box="[1336,1342,398,421]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">ʹ</emphasis>
39.2
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB44FF8F4379FE41FAA6FE16" box="[1390,1400,398,421]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">″</emphasis>
N
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6759CFAB44FF8F453EFE61FC3AFE70" box="[809,996,428,451]" degrees="121" direction="east" minutes="28" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="771" precision="1" seconds="57.2" value="121.48256">
121°28
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB44FF8F4594FE63FC57FE70" box="[899,905,428,451]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">ʹ</emphasis>
57.2
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB44FF8F45D3FE63FC10FE70" box="[964,974,428,451]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">″</emphasis>
E
</geoCoordinate>
, Green Island (L
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB44FF8F42C5FE62FB01FE77" box="[1234,1247,429,452]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">ǜ</emphasis>
d
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB44FF8F42E6FE61FB22FE70" box="[1265,1276,430,451]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">ǎ</emphasis>
o),
<collectingCountry id="F3447F98AB44FF8F433DFE61FA54FE77" box="[1322,1418,430,452]" name="Taiwan" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
,
<date id="FFED19C8AB44FF8F453EFE03FC73FE51" box="[809,941,460,482]" pageId="4" pageNumber="771" value="2015-04-24">24.04.2015</date>
, at
<quantity id="4CAB92EDAB44FF8F45CAFE03FBE8FE51" box="[989,1078,460,482]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="771" unit="m" value="12.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="4.0">4–20 m</quantity>
depth. Fifteen specimens in
<taxonomicName id="4C53448BAB44FF8F453EFE24FB75FDB3" authority="(Dana, 1846)" baseAuthorityName="Dana" baseAuthorityYear="1846" box="[809,1195,491,513]" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Turbinaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="4" pageNumber="771" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="frondens">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB44FF8F453EFE24FBCCFDB3" box="[809,1042,491,512]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">Turbinaria frondens</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC242F9AB44FF8F4236FE24FB7DFDB2" author="Dana JD" box="[1057,1187,491,513]" pageId="4" pageNumber="771" pagination="1 - 740" refId="ref14641" refString="Dana JD. 1846 - 1849. Zoophytes. United States Exploring Expedition during the years 1838 - 1842. Vol. 7. Philadelphia: Lea and Blanchard, 1 - 740." type="book chapter" year="1846">Dana, 1846</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<specimenCount id="9D55F481AB44FF8F42F2FE24FA4FFDB2" box="[1253,1425,491,513]" pageId="4" pageNumber="771" type="generic">four specimens</specimenCount>
in
<taxonomicName id="4C53448BAB44FF8F455DFDC5FC22FDAC" box="[842,1020,522,543]" class="Anthozoa" family="Dendrophylliidae" genus="Turbinaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="4" pageNumber="771" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB44FF8F455DFDC5FC11FDAC" box="[842,975,522,543]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">Turbinaria</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6759CFAB44FF8F421CFDC5FB76FDAC" box="[1035,1192,520,543]" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="41" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="771" precision="1" seconds="56.5" value="10.699028">
10°41
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB44FF8F4247FDC7FB88FDAC" box="[1104,1110,520,543]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">ʹ</emphasis>
56.5˝N
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE6759CFAB44FF8F42A1FDC5FA8AFDAC" box="[1206,1364,520,543]" degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="24" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="771" precision="1" seconds="28.4" value="99.40789">
99°24
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB44FF8F42ECFDC7FADFFDAC" box="[1275,1281,520,543]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">ʹ</emphasis>
28.4
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB44FF8F4322FDC7FAE1FDAC" box="[1333,1343,520,543]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">″</emphasis>
E
</geoCoordinate>
, Koh Khai Island,
<collectingRegion id="4997F1EAAB44FF8F45A0FDE7FBE0FD8D" box="[951,1086,552,574]" country="Thailand" name="Chumphon" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">Chumphon</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F3447F98AB44FF8F425DFDE7FB68FD8D" box="[1098,1206,552,574]" name="Thailand" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">Thailand</collectingCountry>
, 06–
<date id="FFED19C8AB44FF8F42FBFDE7FAB3FD8D" box="[1260,1389,552,574]" pageId="4" pageNumber="771" value="2019-07-07">07.07.2019</date>
, at
<quantity id="4CAB92EDAB44FF8F453EFD88FCB1FDEF" box="[809,879,583,604]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="771" unit="m" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 m</quantity>
depth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC3F08AB44FF8F4556FDA9FBBDFD0B" blockId="4.[809,1426,338,697]" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC242F9AB44FF8F4556FDA9FBDBFDC8" author="Grygier MJ" box="[833,1029,614,636]" pageId="4" pageNumber="771" pagination="1 - 46" refId="ref15117" refString="Grygier MJ. 1991 a. Additions to the ascothoracidan fauna of Australia and South-east Asia (Crustacea, Maxillopoda): Synagogidae (part), Lauridae and Petrarcidae. Records of the Australian Museum 43: 1 - 46." type="journal article" year="1991">Grygier (1991a)</bibRefCitation>
provided a detailed description of this species. We provide additional observations obtained mainly with SEM.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC3F08AB44FF8F453EFD2DFA81FB99" blockId="4.[809,1426,738,1066]" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB44FF8F453EFD2DFC7EFD44" box="[809,928,738,759]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
Carapace valves of adults with crenulated margins formed by protruding outer ends of five to eight radially directed dorsal and posterior irregular ridges; ridge exterior with irregular lumpy inflations; ventral side of carapace with few papillae; lateral surface of carapace without small papillae. Labrum with short lateral extensions; maxillae mostly exposed; mandibles with 15–25 sharp, simple or bifid teeth; teeth of the maxillules in lower half with spiniform tips and tending to form two rows; six pairs of thoracopods, first thoracopod setiform; penis with relatively small, squarish rami.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC3F08AB44FF8F453EFB96FB62F9EB" blockId="4.[809,1426,1112,1901]" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB44FF8F453EFB96FC71FBDD" box="[809,943,1113,1134]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">Description:</emphasis>
Living specimens pink or crimson-coloured (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB44FF8F4526FBB8FC5DFB3F" box="[817,899,1143,1165]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="2.[145,221,1834,1856]" captionTargetBox="[202,1368,204,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-24@2.[201,1368,201,1804]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figure 1. Species of the genus Petrarca (Thecostraca: Ascothoracida) endoparasitic in Turbinaria corals in Taiwan. A, globular galls (circled) formed by Petrarca on the surface of Turbinaria coral (modified after Kolbasov et al., 2021). B, gall formed by Petrarca on the coral surface. C, underneath the gall chipped off from coral shows two individuals of Petrarca goana (indicated by" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152366" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152366/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">Fig. 1F</figureCitation>
); tip of penis often extending out of carapace (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB44FF8F4526FB59FC66FB18" box="[817,952,1174,1196]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[163,241,1628,1650]" captionTargetBox="[275,1331,195,1598]" captionTargetId="figure-113@5.[275,1331,195,1598]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Petrarca goanna, general view, light microscopy.A, B, specimen dissected for body parts’ examination on Figures 3, 4, lateral view from right (A) and left (B) sides. C, D, mature specimen, lateral view from right (C) and left (D) sides. E–G, young specimens, lateral view from right (E, G) and left (F) sides. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152372" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152372/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">Fig. 2C, E, F</figureCitation>
). Adult (mature) specimens
<quantity id="4CAB92EDAB44FF8F42E4FB5AFA4FFB18" box="[1267,1425,1173,1195]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.67" metricValueMax="6.08" metricValueMin="5.26" pageId="4" pageNumber="771" unit="mm" value="5.67" valueMax="6.08" valueMin="5.26">5.26–6.08 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="4CAB92EDAB44FF8F4578FB7BFBC0FB79" box="[879,1054,1204,1226]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.235" metricValueMax="6.15" metricValueMin="4.32" pageId="4" pageNumber="771" unit="mm" value="5.235" valueMax="6.15" valueMin="4.32">4.32–6.15 mm</quantity>
high (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB44FF8F4262FB7BFB27FB7A" box="[1141,1273,1204,1226]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[163,241,1628,1650]" captionTargetBox="[275,1331,195,1598]" captionTargetId="figure-113@5.[275,1331,195,1598]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Petrarca goanna, general view, light microscopy.A, B, specimen dissected for body parts’ examination on Figures 3, 4, lateral view from right (A) and left (B) sides. C, D, mature specimen, lateral view from right (C) and left (D) sides. E–G, young specimens, lateral view from right (E, G) and left (F) sides. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152372" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152372/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">Figs 2A–D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB44FF8F431DFB7BFAF2FB79" box="[1290,1324,1204,1226]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[145,224,1748,1770]" captionTargetBox="[188,1381,199,1719]" captionTargetId="figure-24@8.[188,1381,199,1719]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Petrarca goanna, general view and mantle (carapace) structures (SEM). A, habitus, lateral view, right side. B, external surface of mantle, central part. C, external surface of mantle with few papillae/teeth, ventral view. D, external papilla of mantle, ventral view. E, tip of papilla with micropores (indicated by arrowhead). F, habitus with right valve removed (first abdominal segment numbered). G, surface of internal cuticle of mantle. H, ctenoid scales on dorsal surface of thorax. Abbreviations: a1, antennule; ad, adductor muscle; oc, oral cone; pe, penis; rab, rudimentary abdomen; thp, thoracopods. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152378" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152378/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">5A</figureCitation>
); young (juvenile) specimens (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB44FF8F423DFB1CFB41FB5B" box="[1066,1183,1235,1257]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[163,241,1628,1650]" captionTargetBox="[275,1331,195,1598]" captionTargetId="figure-113@5.[275,1331,195,1598]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Petrarca goanna, general view, light microscopy.A, B, specimen dissected for body parts’ examination on Figures 3, 4, lateral view from right (A) and left (B) sides. C, D, mature specimen, lateral view from right (C) and left (D) sides. E–G, young specimens, lateral view from right (E, G) and left (F) sides. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152372" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152372/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">Fig. 2E–G</figureCitation>
)
<quantity id="4CAB92EDAB44FF8F42A6FB1CFA88FB5B" box="[1201,1366,1235,1256]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.315" metricValueMax="3.83" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="771" unit="mm" value="3.315" valueMax="3.83" valueMin="2.8">2.80–3.83 mm</quantity>
long and
<quantity id="4CAB92EDAB44FF8F454DFB3DFC24FAB4" box="[858,1018,1266,1287]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.865" metricValueMax="3.33" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="4" pageNumber="771" unit="mm" value="2.865" valueMax="3.33" valueMin="2.4">2.40–3.33 mm</quantity>
high. Carapace (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB44FF8F42ADFB3DFB21FAB4" box="[1210,1279,1266,1288]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[163,241,1628,1650]" captionTargetBox="[275,1331,195,1598]" captionTargetId="figure-113@5.[275,1331,195,1598]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Petrarca goanna, general view, light microscopy.A, B, specimen dissected for body parts’ examination on Figures 3, 4, lateral view from right (A) and left (B) sides. C, D, mature specimen, lateral view from right (C) and left (D) sides. E–G, young specimens, lateral view from right (E, G) and left (F) sides. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152372" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152372/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">Figs 2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB44FF8F431CFB3EFAF5FAB4" box="[1291,1323,1265,1287]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[145,224,1748,1770]" captionTargetBox="[188,1381,199,1719]" captionTargetId="figure-24@8.[188,1381,199,1719]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Petrarca goanna, general view and mantle (carapace) structures (SEM). A, habitus, lateral view, right side. B, external surface of mantle, central part. C, external surface of mantle with few papillae/teeth, ventral view. D, external papilla of mantle, ventral view. E, tip of papilla with micropores (indicated by arrowhead). F, habitus with right valve removed (first abdominal segment numbered). G, surface of internal cuticle of mantle. H, ctenoid scales on dorsal surface of thorax. Abbreviations: a1, antennule; ad, adductor muscle; oc, oral cone; pe, penis; rab, rudimentary abdomen; thp, thoracopods. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152378" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152378/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">5A</figureCitation>
) roughly ovoid (spherical), valves with short anteriodorsal hinge line, lateral surfaces with five to eight radial ridges with irregular lumpy inflations. These inflations are less developed in the anterior part of adults and in young specimens. Dorsal and posterior margins of valve crenulated due to carapace ridges (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB44FF8F431AFA66FA8BFA0C" box="[1293,1365,1449,1471]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="5.[163,241,1628,1650]" captionTargetBox="[275,1331,195,1598]" captionTargetId="figure-113@5.[275,1331,195,1598]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 2. Petrarca goanna, general view, light microscopy.A, B, specimen dissected for body parts’ examination on Figures 3, 4, lateral view from right (A) and left (B) sides. C, D, mature specimen, lateral view from right (C) and left (D) sides. E–G, young specimens, lateral view from right (E, G) and left (F) sides. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152372" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152372/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">Figs 2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB44FF8F4374FA66FA5CFA0C" box="[1379,1410,1449,1471]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[145,224,1748,1770]" captionTargetBox="[188,1381,199,1719]" captionTargetId="figure-24@8.[188,1381,199,1719]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Petrarca goanna, general view and mantle (carapace) structures (SEM). A, habitus, lateral view, right side. B, external surface of mantle, central part. C, external surface of mantle with few papillae/teeth, ventral view. D, external papilla of mantle, ventral view. E, tip of papilla with micropores (indicated by arrowhead). F, habitus with right valve removed (first abdominal segment numbered). G, surface of internal cuticle of mantle. H, ctenoid scales on dorsal surface of thorax. Abbreviations: a1, antennule; ad, adductor muscle; oc, oral cone; pe, penis; rab, rudimentary abdomen; thp, thoracopods. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152378" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152378/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">5F</figureCitation>
). Ventral margin with few inconspicuous papillae (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB44FF8F4371FA07FCBBFA4F" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[145,224,1748,1770]" captionTargetBox="[188,1381,199,1719]" captionTargetId="figure-24@8.[188,1381,199,1719]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Petrarca goanna, general view and mantle (carapace) structures (SEM). A, habitus, lateral view, right side. B, external surface of mantle, central part. C, external surface of mantle with few papillae/teeth, ventral view. D, external papilla of mantle, ventral view. E, tip of papilla with micropores (indicated by arrowhead). F, habitus with right valve removed (first abdominal segment numbered). G, surface of internal cuticle of mantle. H, ctenoid scales on dorsal surface of thorax. Abbreviations: a1, antennule; ad, adductor muscle; oc, oral cone; pe, penis; rab, rudimentary abdomen; thp, thoracopods. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152378" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152378/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">Fig. 5C, D</figureCitation>
) with central micropore on tip (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB44FF8F42D4FA28FACFFA4E" box="[1219,1297,1511,1533]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[145,224,1748,1770]" captionTargetBox="[188,1381,199,1719]" captionTargetId="figure-24@8.[188,1381,199,1719]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Petrarca goanna, general view and mantle (carapace) structures (SEM). A, habitus, lateral view, right side. B, external surface of mantle, central part. C, external surface of mantle with few papillae/teeth, ventral view. D, external papilla of mantle, ventral view. E, tip of papilla with micropores (indicated by arrowhead). F, habitus with right valve removed (first abdominal segment numbered). G, surface of internal cuticle of mantle. H, ctenoid scales on dorsal surface of thorax. Abbreviations: a1, antennule; ad, adductor muscle; oc, oral cone; pe, penis; rab, rudimentary abdomen; thp, thoracopods. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152378" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152378/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">Fig. 5E</figureCitation>
).Cuticle on lateral, external and internal surfaces of carapace with dense, polygonal, small swellings or bumps but without papillae, teeth or ctenes (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB44FF8F4256F98CFB70F9EB" box="[1089,1198,1603,1625]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[145,224,1748,1770]" captionTargetBox="[188,1381,199,1719]" captionTargetId="figure-24@8.[188,1381,199,1719]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Petrarca goanna, general view and mantle (carapace) structures (SEM). A, habitus, lateral view, right side. B, external surface of mantle, central part. C, external surface of mantle with few papillae/teeth, ventral view. D, external papilla of mantle, ventral view. E, tip of papilla with micropores (indicated by arrowhead). F, habitus with right valve removed (first abdominal segment numbered). G, surface of internal cuticle of mantle. H, ctenoid scales on dorsal surface of thorax. Abbreviations: a1, antennule; ad, adductor muscle; oc, oral cone; pe, penis; rab, rudimentary abdomen; thp, thoracopods. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152378" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152378/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">Fig. 5B, G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC3F08AB44FF8F4556F9AEFAD2F8DF" blockId="4.[809,1426,1112,1901]" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">
Body inflated, crescent-like, enclosed between carapace valves (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB44FF8F45D5F94FFBCBF925" box="[962,1045,1664,1686]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[145,224,1748,1770]" captionTargetBox="[188,1381,199,1719]" captionTargetId="figure-24@8.[188,1381,199,1719]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Petrarca goanna, general view and mantle (carapace) structures (SEM). A, habitus, lateral view, right side. B, external surface of mantle, central part. C, external surface of mantle with few papillae/teeth, ventral view. D, external papilla of mantle, ventral view. E, tip of papilla with micropores (indicated by arrowhead). F, habitus with right valve removed (first abdominal segment numbered). G, surface of internal cuticle of mantle. H, ctenoid scales on dorsal surface of thorax. Abbreviations: a1, antennule; ad, adductor muscle; oc, oral cone; pe, penis; rab, rudimentary abdomen; thp, thoracopods. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152378" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152378/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">Fig. 5F</figureCitation>
). Cephalon with large adductor muscle lying above big oral cone (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB44FF8F42A3F950FAD8F906" box="[1204,1286,1695,1717]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[145,224,1748,1770]" captionTargetBox="[188,1381,199,1719]" captionTargetId="figure-24@8.[188,1381,199,1719]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Petrarca goanna, general view and mantle (carapace) structures (SEM). A, habitus, lateral view, right side. B, external surface of mantle, central part. C, external surface of mantle with few papillae/teeth, ventral view. D, external papilla of mantle, ventral view. E, tip of papilla with micropores (indicated by arrowhead). F, habitus with right valve removed (first abdominal segment numbered). G, surface of internal cuticle of mantle. H, ctenoid scales on dorsal surface of thorax. Abbreviations: a1, antennule; ad, adductor muscle; oc, oral cone; pe, penis; rab, rudimentary abdomen; thp, thoracopods. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152378" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152378/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">Fig. 5F</figureCitation>
) flanked by five-segmented antennules. Thorax with arched dorsal margin but without distinct segmentation, with clusters of rudimentary uniramous thoracopods; cuticle of thorax with ctenoid scales in dorsal part (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB44FF8F433AF8D6FA5DF89C" box="[1325,1411,1817,1839]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[145,224,1748,1770]" captionTargetBox="[188,1381,199,1719]" captionTargetId="figure-24@8.[188,1381,199,1719]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Petrarca goanna, general view and mantle (carapace) structures (SEM). A, habitus, lateral view, right side. B, external surface of mantle, central part. C, external surface of mantle with few papillae/teeth, ventral view. D, external papilla of mantle, ventral view. E, tip of papilla with micropores (indicated by arrowhead). F, habitus with right valve removed (first abdominal segment numbered). G, surface of internal cuticle of mantle. H, ctenoid scales on dorsal surface of thorax. Abbreviations: a1, antennule; ad, adductor muscle; oc, oral cone; pe, penis; rab, rudimentary abdomen; thp, thoracopods. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152378" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152378/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">Fig. 5H</figureCitation>
). Abdomen with massive first segment bearing long penis and vestigial rear part (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB44FF8F426BF898FB10F8DE" box="[1148,1230,1879,1901]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[145,224,1748,1770]" captionTargetBox="[188,1381,199,1719]" captionTargetId="figure-24@8.[188,1381,199,1719]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Petrarca goanna, general view and mantle (carapace) structures (SEM). A, habitus, lateral view, right side. B, external surface of mantle, central part. C, external surface of mantle with few papillae/teeth, ventral view. D, external papilla of mantle, ventral view. E, tip of papilla with micropores (indicated by arrowhead). F, habitus with right valve removed (first abdominal segment numbered). G, surface of internal cuticle of mantle. H, ctenoid scales on dorsal surface of thorax. Abbreviations: a1, antennule; ad, adductor muscle; oc, oral cone; pe, penis; rab, rudimentary abdomen; thp, thoracopods. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152378" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152378/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">Figs 5F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB44FF8F42CBF898FB22F8DF" box="[1244,1276,1879,1900]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="10.[145,223,1651,1673]" captionTargetBox="[257,1313,1116,1622]" captionTargetId="figure-516@10.[257,1313,1116,1622]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 7. Petrarca goanna, rudimentary abdomen, penis, armament/sculpture of maxillae and thoracopods, SEM. A, thick and wrinkled cuticle on distal surface of maxilla. B, ctenoid scales on lateral surface of maxilla. C, ctenoid scales on third thoracopod. D, rudimentary abdomen. E, distal part of penis. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152384/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="771">7D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2C6F80AB45FF8E46B4F993FBD6F91E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152372" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8152372" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152372/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="772" startId="5.[163,241,1628,1650]" targetBox="[275,1331,195,1598]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BEC3F08AB45FF8E46B4F993FBD6F91E" blockId="5.[163,1443,1628,1709]" pageId="5" pageNumber="772">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB45FF8E46B4F993FED4F9C2" bold="true" box="[163,266,1628,1650]" pageId="5" pageNumber="772">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB45FF8E4702F992FE19F9C1" box="[277,455,1629,1650]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="772">
<taxonomicName id="4C53448BAB45FF8E4702F992FE1DF9C1" authorityName="Grygier" authorityYear="1991" box="[277,451,1629,1650]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Petrarcidae" genus="Petrarca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Laurida" pageId="5" pageNumber="772" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goanna">Petrarca goanna</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
general view, light microscopy. A, B, specimen dissected for body parts’ examination on Figures 3, 4, lateral view from right (A) and left (B) sides. C, D, mature specimen, lateral view from right (C) and left (D) sides. E–G, young specimens, lateral view from right (E, G) and left (F) sides. Scale bars in µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BEC3F08AB45FF8C46ACF911FD5DFACD" blockId="5.[163,779,1758,1903]" lastBlockId="7.[163,780,1048,1898]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="774" pageId="5" pageNumber="772">
Antennules somewhat prehensile, with little armament or external sculpture on two distal segments (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB45FF8E44CCF932FF3EF882" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[145,226,1780,1802]" captionTargetBox="[178,1392,196,1749]" captionTargetId="figure-24@6.[177,1393,195,1750]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Petrarca goanna, antennules and mouthparts. A, left antennule, segments numbered. B, C, terminal (fifth) segments of left and right antennules, respectively. D, rudimentary seta on fourth antennular segment. E, labrum, anterior view. F, mandible. G, cutting edge of mandible. H, maxillule. I, cutting edge of maxillule. J, maxillae. Abbreviations: ae, aesthetasc; cl, claw; clg, claw guard; oe, oesophagus. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152374" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152374/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="772">Figs 3A–D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB45FF8E46FCF8D4FEF7F882" box="[235,297,1819,1841]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="9.[163,241,1830,1852]" captionTargetBox="[192,1412,201,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-26@9.[192,1412,201,1801]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 6. Petrarca goanna, antennules and mouth parts, SEM. A, distal segments of antennule (numbered). B, rudimentary seta on fourth antennular segment. C, wrinkled cuticle with tiny pores on postaxial (ventral) margin of fifth antennular segment (tiny pores enlarged in circle outline). D, distal half of claw guard aesthetasc. E, labrum, lateral view (ctenoid" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152380/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="772">6A–D</figureCitation>
). First segment irregularly rectangular, narrowing somewhat distally; second segment trapezoidal; third segment almost triangular, narrowing toward lower/ ventral margin; fourth segment slightly longer than wide, with slightly curved ventral margin, short distal seta inserted at anteriodorsal corner (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB45FF8E4280F8D4FAD2F882" box="[1175,1292,1819,1841]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[145,226,1780,1802]" captionTargetBox="[178,1392,196,1749]" captionTargetId="figure-24@6.[177,1393,195,1750]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Petrarca goanna, antennules and mouthparts. A, left antennule, segments numbered. B, C, terminal (fifth) segments of left and right antennules, respectively. D, rudimentary seta on fourth antennular segment. E, labrum, anterior view. F, mandible. G, cutting edge of mandible. H, maxillule. I, cutting edge of maxillule. J, maxillae. Abbreviations: ae, aesthetasc; cl, claw; clg, claw guard; oe, oesophagus. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152374" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152374/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="772">Figs 3A, D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB45FF8E430EF8D4FA88F882" box="[1305,1366,1819,1841]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="9.[163,241,1830,1852]" captionTargetBox="[192,1412,201,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-26@9.[192,1412,201,1801]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 6. Petrarca goanna, antennules and mouth parts, SEM. A, distal segments of antennule (numbered). B, rudimentary seta on fourth antennular segment. C, wrinkled cuticle with tiny pores on postaxial (ventral) margin of fifth antennular segment (tiny pores enlarged in circle outline). D, distal half of claw guard aesthetasc. E, labrum, lateral view (ctenoid" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152380/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="772">6A, B</figureCitation>
). Fifth segment rectangular, slightly shorter and narrower than fourth and armed with sensory and grasping structures (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB47FF8C46BCFBD7FEFCFB9E" box="[171,290,1048,1070]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[145,226,1780,1802]" captionTargetBox="[178,1392,196,1749]" captionTargetId="figure-24@6.[177,1393,195,1750]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Petrarca goanna, antennules and mouthparts. A, left antennule, segments numbered. B, C, terminal (fifth) segments of left and right antennules, respectively. D, rudimentary seta on fourth antennular segment. E, labrum, anterior view. F, mandible. G, cutting edge of mandible. H, maxillule. I, cutting edge of maxillule. J, maxillae. Abbreviations: ae, aesthetasc; cl, claw; clg, claw guard; oe, oesophagus. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152374" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152374/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">Figs 3A–C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB47FF8C4726FBD7FE4EFB9E" box="[305,400,1048,1070]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="9.[163,241,1830,1852]" captionTargetBox="[192,1412,201,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-26@9.[192,1412,201,1801]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 6. Petrarca goanna, antennules and mouth parts, SEM. A, distal segments of antennule (numbered). B, rudimentary seta on fourth antennular segment. C, wrinkled cuticle with tiny pores on postaxial (ventral) margin of fifth antennular segment (tiny pores enlarged in circle outline). D, distal half of claw guard aesthetasc. E, labrum, lateral view (ctenoid" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152380/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">6A, C, D</figureCitation>
). Short but massive curved claw with smooth concave margin arising from distal end of segment. Three rudimentary setae at base of claw and to each side; tiny pores (three to four) on inner and outer lateral sides. Claw sheathed by large, oval claw guard on posteriodistal corner; claw guard with three vestigial, distal setae with a terminal pore; developed aesthetasc almost half as long as claw guard, inserted closer to its distal end and terminating with four outgrowths, rudimentary seta at base of aesthetasc (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB47FF8C4423FAE3FD7DFAF2" box="[564,675,1324,1346]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="9.[163,241,1830,1852]" captionTargetBox="[192,1412,201,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-26@9.[192,1412,201,1801]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 6. Petrarca goanna, antennules and mouth parts, SEM. A, distal segments of antennule (numbered). B, rudimentary seta on fourth antennular segment. C, wrinkled cuticle with tiny pores on postaxial (ventral) margin of fifth antennular segment (tiny pores enlarged in circle outline). D, distal half of claw guard aesthetasc. E, labrum, lateral view (ctenoid" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152380/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">Fig. 6A, D</figureCitation>
). Ventral (postaxial) margin of fifth segment and claw guard with wrinkled cuticle bearing tiny pores (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB47FF8C443FFAA6FDABFACC" box="[552,629,1385,1407]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="9.[163,241,1830,1852]" captionTargetBox="[192,1412,201,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-26@9.[192,1412,201,1801]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 6. Petrarca goanna, antennules and mouth parts, SEM. A, distal segments of antennule (numbered). B, rudimentary seta on fourth antennular segment. C, wrinkled cuticle with tiny pores on postaxial (ventral) margin of fifth antennular segment (tiny pores enlarged in circle outline). D, distal half of claw guard aesthetasc. E, labrum, lateral view (ctenoid" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152380/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">Fig. 6C</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2C6F80AB46FF8D4686F93BFCB8F8D1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152374" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8152374" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152374/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="773" startId="6.[145,226,1780,1802]" targetBox="[178,1392,196,1749]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BEC3F08AB46FF8D4686F93BFCB8F8D1" blockId="6.[145,1425,1780,1890]" pageId="6" pageNumber="773">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB46FF8D4686F93BFF23F8BA" bold="true" box="[145,253,1780,1802]" pageId="6" pageNumber="773">Figure 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C53448BAB46FF8D471EF93AFE65F8B9" authorityName="Grygier" authorityYear="1991" box="[265,443,1781,1802]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Petrarcidae" genus="Petrarca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Laurida" pageId="6" pageNumber="773" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goanna">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB46FF8D471EF93AFE65F8B9" box="[265,443,1781,1802]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="773">Petrarca goanna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, antennules and mouthparts. A, left antennule, segments numbered. B, C, terminal (fifth) segments of left and right antennules, respectively. D, rudimentary seta on fourth antennular segment. E, labrum, anterior view. F, mandible. G, cutting edge of mandible. H, maxillule. I, cutting edge of maxillule. J, maxillae. Abbreviations:
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB46FF8D4364F8E0FA54F8F7" box="[1395,1418,1839,1860]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="773">ae</emphasis>
, aesthetasc;
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB46FF8D471CF883FEC3F8D1" box="[267,285,1868,1890]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="773">cl</emphasis>
, claw;
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB46FF8D4774F883FE5FF8D1" box="[355,385,1868,1890]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="773">clg</emphasis>
, claw guard;
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB46FF8D441CF882FDFEF8D1" box="[523,544,1869,1890]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="773">oe</emphasis>
, oesophagus. Scale bars in µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF2C6F80AB47FF8C46B4FC4AFE87FC66" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152376" ID-Zenodo-Dep="8152376" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152376/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="774" startId="7.[163,242,901,923]" targetBox="[322,1282,196,869]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BEC3F08AB47FF8C46B4FC4AFE87FC66" blockId="7.[163,1444,901,981]" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB47FF8C46B4FC4AFED2FC29" bold="true" box="[163,268,901,923]" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">Figure 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C53448BAB47FF8C4700FC4AFE1AFC29" authorityName="Grygier" authorityYear="1991" box="[279,452,901,922]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Petrarcidae" genus="Petrarca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Laurida" pageId="7" pageNumber="774" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="goanna">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB47FF8C4700FC4AFE1AFC29" box="[279,452,901,922]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">Petrarca goanna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, thoracopods, penis and abdomen. A, rudimentary setiform thoracopod 1. B, right thoracopods 2–6 (numbered) with clusters of seminal receptacles. C, rudimentary abdomen, segments numbered. D, distal part of penis. Scale bars in µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BEC3F08AB47FF8C46ACFA47FBCCFB75" blockId="7.[163,780,1048,1898]" lastBlockId="7.[827,1444,1048,1806]" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">
Oral cone prominent, consisting of massive labrum underlaid posteriorly with massive, fused maxillae, unpaired medial languette and paired mandibles and maxillules (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB47FF8C4733FA2BFE4FFA4A" box="[292,401,1508,1530]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[145,226,1780,1802]" captionTargetBox="[178,1392,196,1749]" captionTargetId="figure-24@6.[177,1393,195,1750]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Petrarca goanna, antennules and mouthparts. A, left antennule, segments numbered. B, C, terminal (fifth) segments of left and right antennules, respectively. D, rudimentary seta on fourth antennular segment. E, labrum, anterior view. F, mandible. G, cutting edge of mandible. H, maxillule. I, cutting edge of maxillule. J, maxillae. Abbreviations: ae, aesthetasc; cl, claw; clg, claw guard; oe, oesophagus. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152374" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152374/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">Figs 3E–J</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB47FF8C478AFA2BFE69FA49" box="[413,439,1508,1530]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[145,224,1748,1770]" captionTargetBox="[188,1381,199,1719]" captionTargetId="figure-24@8.[188,1381,199,1719]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Petrarca goanna, general view and mantle (carapace) structures (SEM). A, habitus, lateral view, right side. B, external surface of mantle, central part. C, external surface of mantle with few papillae/teeth, ventral view. D, external papilla of mantle, ventral view. E, tip of papilla with micropores (indicated by arrowhead). F, habitus with right valve removed (first abdominal segment numbered). G, surface of internal cuticle of mantle. H, ctenoid scales on dorsal surface of thorax. Abbreviations: a1, antennule; ad, adductor muscle; oc, oral cone; pe, penis; rab, rudimentary abdomen; thp, thoracopods. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152378" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152378/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">5F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB47FF8C47D5FA2BFDDDFA49" box="[450,515,1508,1530]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="9.[163,241,1830,1852]" captionTargetBox="[192,1412,201,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-26@9.[192,1412,201,1801]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 6. Petrarca goanna, antennules and mouth parts, SEM. A, distal segments of antennule (numbered). B, rudimentary seta on fourth antennular segment. C, wrinkled cuticle with tiny pores on postaxial (ventral) margin of fifth antennular segment (tiny pores enlarged in circle outline). D, distal half of claw guard aesthetasc. E, labrum, lateral view (ctenoid" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152380/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">6E–H</figureCitation>
). Labrum prow-shaped, with short posteriolateral extensions leaving maxillae largely exposed, exterior with dense ctenoid scales (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB47FF8C44CCF9EEFF1CF9E6" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[145,226,1780,1802]" captionTargetBox="[178,1392,196,1749]" captionTargetId="figure-24@6.[177,1393,195,1750]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Petrarca goanna, antennules and mouthparts. A, left antennule, segments numbered. B, C, terminal (fifth) segments of left and right antennules, respectively. D, rudimentary seta on fourth antennular segment. E, labrum, anterior view. F, mandible. G, cutting edge of mandible. H, maxillule. I, cutting edge of maxillule. J, maxillae. Abbreviations: ae, aesthetasc; cl, claw; clg, claw guard; oe, oesophagus. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152374" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152374/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">Figs 3E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB47FF8C46C6F98FFF2EF9E5" box="[209,240,1600,1622]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="9.[163,241,1830,1852]" captionTargetBox="[192,1412,201,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-26@9.[192,1412,201,1801]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 6. Petrarca goanna, antennules and mouth parts, SEM. A, distal segments of antennule (numbered). B, rudimentary seta on fourth antennular segment. C, wrinkled cuticle with tiny pores on postaxial (ventral) margin of fifth antennular segment (tiny pores enlarged in circle outline). D, distal half of claw guard aesthetasc. E, labrum, lateral view (ctenoid" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152380/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">6E</figureCitation>
). Medial languette with groups of sharp denticles (two to five) along anterior margin and dense basal pores forming ‘pore-field’ (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB47FF8C47DEF9B2FDC7F920" box="[457,537,1661,1683]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="9.[163,241,1830,1852]" captionTargetBox="[192,1412,201,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-26@9.[192,1412,201,1801]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 6. Petrarca goanna, antennules and mouth parts, SEM. A, distal segments of antennule (numbered). B, rudimentary seta on fourth antennular segment. C, wrinkled cuticle with tiny pores on postaxial (ventral) margin of fifth antennular segment (tiny pores enlarged in circle outline). D, distal half of claw guard aesthetasc. E, labrum, lateral view (ctenoid" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152380/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">Fig. 6F</figureCitation>
). Mandibles (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB47FF8C44A4F9B2FF6BF902" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[145,226,1780,1802]" captionTargetBox="[178,1392,196,1749]" captionTargetId="figure-24@6.[177,1393,195,1750]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Petrarca goanna, antennules and mouthparts. A, left antennule, segments numbered. B, C, terminal (fifth) segments of left and right antennules, respectively. D, rudimentary seta on fourth antennular segment. E, labrum, anterior view. F, mandible. G, cutting edge of mandible. H, maxillule. I, cutting edge of maxillule. J, maxillae. Abbreviations: ae, aesthetasc; cl, claw; clg, claw guard; oe, oesophagus. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152374" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152374/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">Figs 3F, G</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB47FF8C46D5F953FF3DF901" box="[194,227,1692,1714]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="9.[163,241,1830,1852]" captionTargetBox="[192,1412,201,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-26@9.[192,1412,201,1801]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 6. Petrarca goanna, antennules and mouth parts, SEM. A, distal segments of antennule (numbered). B, rudimentary seta on fourth antennular segment. C, wrinkled cuticle with tiny pores on postaxial (ventral) margin of fifth antennular segment (tiny pores enlarged in circle outline). D, distal half of claw guard aesthetasc. E, labrum, lateral view (ctenoid" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152380/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">6G</figureCitation>
) elongated, outer/upper margin with hillock and clusters of dense, thin setae in middle part, cutting edge straight, with 15–21 sharp, simple or rarely bifid teeth and one to two small spinules in middle part. Maxillules (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB47FF8C46BCF8D9FEC9F89F" box="[171,279,1814,1836]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[145,226,1780,1802]" captionTargetBox="[178,1392,196,1749]" captionTargetId="figure-24@6.[177,1393,195,1750]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Petrarca goanna, antennules and mouthparts. A, left antennule, segments numbered. B, C, terminal (fifth) segments of left and right antennules, respectively. D, rudimentary seta on fourth antennular segment. E, labrum, anterior view. F, mandible. G, cutting edge of mandible. H, maxillule. I, cutting edge of maxillule. J, maxillae. Abbreviations: ae, aesthetasc; cl, claw; clg, claw guard; oe, oesophagus. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152374" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152374/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">Figs 3H, I</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB47FF8C4734F8D9FE9BF89F" box="[291,325,1814,1836]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="9.[163,241,1830,1852]" captionTargetBox="[192,1412,201,1801]" captionTargetId="figure-26@9.[192,1412,201,1801]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figure 6. Petrarca goanna, antennules and mouth parts, SEM. A, distal segments of antennule (numbered). B, rudimentary seta on fourth antennular segment. C, wrinkled cuticle with tiny pores on postaxial (ventral) margin of fifth antennular segment (tiny pores enlarged in circle outline). D, distal half of claw guard aesthetasc. E, labrum, lateral view (ctenoid" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152380/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">6H</figureCitation>
) with sclerotized, triangular distal parts, inner margin with 17–20 teeth, teeth in upper half with often blunt tips, while those in lower half smaller, irregular, with spiniform tips and tending to form two irregular rows. Fused maxillae (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB47FF8C428BFBF9FB38FBFF" box="[1180,1254,1078,1100]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="6.[145,226,1780,1802]" captionTargetBox="[178,1392,196,1749]" captionTargetId="figure-24@6.[177,1393,195,1750]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figure 3. Petrarca goanna, antennules and mouthparts. A, left antennule, segments numbered. B, C, terminal (fifth) segments of left and right antennules, respectively. D, rudimentary seta on fourth antennular segment. E, labrum, anterior view. F, mandible. G, cutting edge of mandible. H, maxillule. I, cutting edge of maxillule. J, maxillae. Abbreviations: ae, aesthetasc; cl, claw; clg, claw guard; oe, oesophagus. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152374" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152374/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">Fig. 3J</figureCitation>
) ending in a pair of short, rounded lobes, with dense ctenoid scales on lateral surfaces (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB47FF8C45CFFBBBFBF6FB3A" box="[984,1064,1140,1162]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="10.[145,223,1651,1673]" captionTargetBox="[257,1313,1116,1622]" captionTargetId="figure-516@10.[257,1313,1116,1622]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 7. Petrarca goanna, rudimentary abdomen, penis, armament/sculpture of maxillae and thoracopods, SEM. A, thick and wrinkled cuticle on distal surface of maxilla. B, ctenoid scales on lateral surface of maxilla. C, ctenoid scales on third thoracopod. D, rudimentary abdomen. E, distal part of penis. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152384/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
), distal ends covered with sclerotized, thick and wrinkled cuticle without denticles, pores or setules (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB47FF8C45A2FB7EFBDAFB75" box="[949,1028,1201,1223]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="10.[145,223,1651,1673]" captionTargetBox="[257,1313,1116,1622]" captionTargetId="figure-516@10.[257,1313,1116,1622]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 7. Petrarca goanna, rudimentary abdomen, penis, armament/sculpture of maxillae and thoracopods, SEM. A, thick and wrinkled cuticle on distal surface of maxilla. B, ctenoid scales on lateral surface of maxilla. C, ctenoid scales on third thoracopod. D, rudimentary abdomen. E, distal part of penis. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152384/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC3F08AB47FF8C4544FB1FFB01F9AB" blockId="7.[827,1444,1048,1806]" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">
Thoracopods 2–6 (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB47FF8C4226FB1FFB50FB56" box="[1073,1166,1232,1254]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[163,242,901,923]" captionTargetBox="[322,1282,196,869]" captionTargetId="figure-550@7.[321,1284,195,871]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Petrarca goanna, thoracopods, penis and abdomen. A, rudimentary setiform thoracopod 1. B, right thoracopods 2–6 (numbered) with clusters of seminal receptacles. C, rudimentary abdomen, segments numbered. D, distal part of penis. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152376" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152376/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">Figs 4B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB47FF8C428AFB1FFB63FB55" box="[1181,1213,1232,1254]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[145,224,1748,1770]" captionTargetBox="[188,1381,199,1719]" captionTargetId="figure-24@8.[188,1381,199,1719]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Petrarca goanna, general view and mantle (carapace) structures (SEM). A, habitus, lateral view, right side. B, external surface of mantle, central part. C, external surface of mantle with few papillae/teeth, ventral view. D, external papilla of mantle, ventral view. E, tip of papilla with micropores (indicated by arrowhead). F, habitus with right valve removed (first abdominal segment numbered). G, surface of internal cuticle of mantle. H, ctenoid scales on dorsal surface of thorax. Abbreviations: a1, antennule; ad, adductor muscle; oc, oral cone; pe, penis; rab, rudimentary abdomen; thp, thoracopods. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152378" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152378/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">5F</figureCitation>
) are present in all examined specimens, uniramous, unsegmented, grouped in cluster and arranged in an unorderly sequence in lateral view. Thoracopods 2–4 are conical with wide bases, while thoracopods 5 and 6 are shorter and narrower. Cuticle of thoracopods 2–6 has dense and long ctenoid scales (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB47FF8C42BCFA47FADEFA2E" box="[1195,1280,1416,1438]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="10.[145,223,1651,1673]" captionTargetBox="[257,1313,1116,1622]" captionTargetId="figure-516@10.[257,1313,1116,1622]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 7. Petrarca goanna, rudimentary abdomen, penis, armament/sculpture of maxillae and thoracopods, SEM. A, thick and wrinkled cuticle on distal surface of maxilla. B, ctenoid scales on lateral surface of maxilla. C, ctenoid scales on third thoracopod. D, rudimentary abdomen. E, distal part of penis. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152384/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">Fig. 7C</figureCitation>
). Batteries of numerous ampuliform seminal receptacles (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB47FF8C4352FA69FA44FA0F" box="[1349,1434,1446,1468]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[163,242,901,923]" captionTargetBox="[322,1282,196,869]" captionTargetId="figure-550@7.[321,1284,195,871]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Petrarca goanna, thoracopods, penis and abdomen. A, rudimentary setiform thoracopod 1. B, right thoracopods 2–6 (numbered) with clusters of seminal receptacles. C, rudimentary abdomen, segments numbered. D, distal part of penis. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152376" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152376/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">Fig. 4B</figureCitation>
) associated with thoracopods 2–5 (~7, 20, 20 and 11 receptacles, respectively). Setiform thoracopod 1 (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB47FF8C436FFA2BFC84F9AB" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[163,242,901,923]" captionTargetBox="[322,1282,196,869]" captionTargetId="figure-550@7.[321,1284,195,871]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Petrarca goanna, thoracopods, penis and abdomen. A, rudimentary setiform thoracopod 1. B, right thoracopods 2–6 (numbered) with clusters of seminal receptacles. C, rudimentary abdomen, segments numbered. D, distal part of penis. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152376" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152376/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">Fig. 4A</figureCitation>
) present in all studied specimens.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC3F08AB47FF8C4544F9EDFA5BF8BE" blockId="7.[827,1444,1048,1806]" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">
Long, thick, terminally bifid penis originates from large first abdominal segment (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB47FF8C4241F98FFB75F9E6" box="[1110,1195,1600,1622]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[163,242,901,923]" captionTargetBox="[322,1282,196,869]" captionTargetId="figure-550@7.[321,1284,195,871]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Petrarca goanna, thoracopods, penis and abdomen. A, rudimentary setiform thoracopod 1. B, right thoracopods 2–6 (numbered) with clusters of seminal receptacles. C, rudimentary abdomen, segments numbered. D, distal part of penis. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152376" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152376/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">Figs 4D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB47FF8C42AFF98FFB0CF9E5" box="[1208,1234,1600,1622]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[145,224,1748,1770]" captionTargetBox="[188,1381,199,1719]" captionTargetId="figure-24@8.[188,1381,199,1719]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Petrarca goanna, general view and mantle (carapace) structures (SEM). A, habitus, lateral view, right side. B, external surface of mantle, central part. C, external surface of mantle with few papillae/teeth, ventral view. D, external papilla of mantle, ventral view. E, tip of papilla with micropores (indicated by arrowhead). F, habitus with right valve removed (first abdominal segment numbered). G, surface of internal cuticle of mantle. H, ctenoid scales on dorsal surface of thorax. Abbreviations: a1, antennule; ad, adductor muscle; oc, oral cone; pe, penis; rab, rudimentary abdomen; thp, thoracopods. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152378" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152378/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">5F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB47FF8C42C9F98FFB23F9E6" box="[1246,1277,1600,1621]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="10.[145,223,1651,1673]" captionTargetBox="[257,1313,1116,1622]" captionTargetId="figure-516@10.[257,1313,1116,1622]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 7. Petrarca goanna, rudimentary abdomen, penis, armament/sculpture of maxillae and thoracopods, SEM. A, thick and wrinkled cuticle on distal surface of maxilla. B, ctenoid scales on lateral surface of maxilla. C, ctenoid scales on third thoracopod. D, rudimentary abdomen. E, distal part of penis. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152384/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">7E</figureCitation>
). Long shaft of penis supports two small, squarish rami about 190–200 µm long (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB47FF8C4589F9B2FC2EF921" box="[926,1008,1661,1683]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[163,242,901,923]" captionTargetBox="[322,1282,196,869]" captionTargetId="figure-550@7.[321,1284,195,871]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Petrarca goanna, thoracopods, penis and abdomen. A, rudimentary setiform thoracopod 1. B, right thoracopods 2–6 (numbered) with clusters of seminal receptacles. C, rudimentary abdomen, segments numbered. D, distal part of penis. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152376" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152376/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">Figs 4D</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB47FF8C45ECF9B2FBC7F921" box="[1019,1049,1661,1682]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="10.[145,223,1651,1673]" captionTargetBox="[257,1313,1116,1622]" captionTargetId="figure-516@10.[257,1313,1116,1622]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 7. Petrarca goanna, rudimentary abdomen, penis, armament/sculpture of maxillae and thoracopods, SEM. A, thick and wrinkled cuticle on distal surface of maxilla. B, ctenoid scales on lateral surface of maxilla. C, ctenoid scales on third thoracopod. D, rudimentary abdomen. E, distal part of penis. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152384/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">7E</figureCitation>
). Distal half of penis, including rami, bearing numerous short but wide conical setae. Rest of abdomen vestigial, apparently consisting of two segments (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB47FF8C4555F916FC4AF95D" box="[834,916,1753,1775]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="7.[163,242,901,923]" captionTargetBox="[322,1282,196,869]" captionTargetId="figure-550@7.[321,1284,195,871]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figure 4. Petrarca goanna, thoracopods, penis and abdomen. A, rudimentary setiform thoracopod 1. B, right thoracopods 2–6 (numbered) with clusters of seminal receptacles. C, rudimentary abdomen, segments numbered. D, distal part of penis. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152376" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152376/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">Figs 4C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB47FF8C4588F916FC67F95C" box="[927,953,1753,1775]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="8.[145,224,1748,1770]" captionTargetBox="[188,1381,199,1719]" captionTargetId="figure-24@8.[188,1381,199,1719]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 5. Petrarca goanna, general view and mantle (carapace) structures (SEM). A, habitus, lateral view, right side. B, external surface of mantle, central part. C, external surface of mantle with few papillae/teeth, ventral view. D, external papilla of mantle, ventral view. E, tip of papilla with micropores (indicated by arrowhead). F, habitus with right valve removed (first abdominal segment numbered). G, surface of internal cuticle of mantle. H, ctenoid scales on dorsal surface of thorax. Abbreviations: a1, antennule; ad, adductor muscle; oc, oral cone; pe, penis; rab, rudimentary abdomen; thp, thoracopods. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152378" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152378/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">5F</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB47FF8C45D3F916FC3AF95D" box="[964,996,1753,1774]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="10.[145,223,1651,1673]" captionTargetBox="[257,1313,1116,1622]" captionTargetId="figure-516@10.[257,1313,1116,1622]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 7. Petrarca goanna, rudimentary abdomen, penis, armament/sculpture of maxillae and thoracopods, SEM. A, thick and wrinkled cuticle on distal surface of maxilla. B, ctenoid scales on lateral surface of maxilla. C, ctenoid scales on third thoracopod. D, rudimentary abdomen. E, distal part of penis. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152384/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">7D</figureCitation>
). Posterior end of abdomen with cleavage that may represent rudimentary furcal rami (
<figureCitation id="1368238DAB47FF8C433EF937FAA8F8BE" box="[1321,1398,1784,1806]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="10.[145,223,1651,1673]" captionTargetBox="[257,1313,1116,1622]" captionTargetId="figure-516@10.[257,1313,1116,1622]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 7. Petrarca goanna, rudimentary abdomen, penis, armament/sculpture of maxillae and thoracopods, SEM. A, thick and wrinkled cuticle on distal surface of maxilla. B, ctenoid scales on lateral surface of maxilla. C, ctenoid scales on third thoracopod. D, rudimentary abdomen. E, distal part of penis. Scale bars in µm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.8152384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/8152384/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">Fig. 7D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BEC3F08AB47FF81452CF8F9FDA3FE20" blockId="7.[827,1443,1846,1899]" lastBlockId="10.[145,761,197,403]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="777" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB47FF8C452CF8F9FC7BF8F8" box="[827,933,1846,1867]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="774">Remarks:</emphasis>
The morphology of our specimens generally corresponds to that of the individuals described by
<bibRefCitation id="EFC242F9AB4AFF814686FF0AFE91FF68" author="Grygier MJ" box="[145,335,197,219]" pageId="10" pageNumber="777" pagination="1 - 46" refId="ref15117" refString="Grygier MJ. 1991 a. Additions to the ascothoracidan fauna of Australia and South-east Asia (Crustacea, Maxillopoda): Synagogidae (part), Lauridae and Petrarcidae. Records of the Australian Museum 43: 1 - 46." type="journal article" year="1991">Grygier (1991a)</bibRefCitation>
, but differs in having rare ventral papillae on the carapace (absent in Grygier’s specimens) and presence of all six pairs of thoracopods (inconsistent number of thoracopods in Grygier’s material). However, these details could have been overlooked in the
<typeStatus id="54E881AAAB4AFF814686FE90FF1DFEC7" box="[145,195,351,372]" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">type</typeStatus>
material. This is the first finding of
<taxonomicName id="4C53448BAB4AFF814460FE90FD07FEC7" authorityName="Fowler" authorityYear="1889" box="[631,729,351,372]" class="Maxillopoda" family="Petrarcidae" genus="Petrarca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Laurida" pageId="10" pageNumber="777" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4AFF814460FE90FD07FEC7" box="[631,729,351,372]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">Petrarca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in scleractinian corals of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C53448BAB4AFF8147EAFEB1FDABFE20" authorityName="Blainville" authorityYear="1830" box="[509,629,382,403]" class="Anthozoa" family="Acroporidae" genus="Astreopora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Scleractinia" pageId="10" pageNumber="777" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B927E31AAB4AFF8147EAFEB1FDABFE20" box="[509,629,382,403]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="777">Astreopora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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