treatments-xml/data/A0/72/25/A07225CF8BC0CC821B88E78F7E1FAD1A.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.200.71667" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-200-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="7A6D49A85B285350A8D2FC5C9C36B90B" ModsDocID="1314-2003-200-1" checkinTime="1655292389427" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Barboza, Gloria E., Garcia, Carolina Carrizo, Bianchetti, Luciano de Bem, Romero, Maria V. &amp; Scaldaferro, Marisel" docDate="2022" docId="A07225CF8BC0CC821B88E78F7E1FAD1A" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 200: 1-423" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 200" docPubDate="2022-06-14" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.200.71667" docTitle="Capsicum carassense Barboza &amp; Bianch., PhytoKeys 140: 127. 2020." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" id="7A6D49A85B285350A8D2FC5C9C36B90B" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="7A6D49A85B285350A8D2FC5C9C36B90B" masterDocTitle="Monograph of wild and cultivated chili peppers (Capsicum L., Solanaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="423" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1655292705827" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Monograph of wild and cultivated chili peppers (Capsicum L., Solanaceae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Barboza, Gloria E.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1085-036X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biologia Vegetal (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Cordoba), Casilla de Correo 495, 5000 Cordoba, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">gbarboza@imbiv.unc.edu.ar</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Garcia, Carolina Carrizo</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biologia Vegetal (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Cordoba), Casilla de Correo 495, 5000 Cordoba, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">ccarrizo@imbiv.unc.edu.ar</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Bianchetti, Luciano de Bem</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Empresa Brasileira de Pesquisa Agropecuaria-Centro Nacional de Pesquisa de Recursos Geneticos e Biotecnologia (EMBRAPA-Recursos Geneticos e Biotecnologia), PqEB Parque Estacao Biologica, Av. W / 5 final, Brasilia-DF, CEP 70770 - 917, Caixa Postal 02372, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Romero, Maria V.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biologia Vegetal (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Cordoba), Casilla de Correo 495, 5000 Cordoba, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Scaldaferro, Marisel</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Instituto Multidisciplinario de Biologia Vegetal (CONICET-Universidad Nacional de Cordoba), Casilla de Correo 495, 5000 Cordoba, Argentina &amp; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Cordoba, Cordoba, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2022-06-14</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>200</mods:number>
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<mods:start>1</mods:start>
<mods:end>423</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.200.71667</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.200.71667</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-200-1</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">7A6D49A85B285350A8D2FC5C9C36B90B</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A07225CF8BC0CC821B88E78F7E1FAD1A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A07225CF8BC0CC821B88E78F7E1FAD1A" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
7. 
<taxonomicName authority="Barboza &amp; Bianch., PhytoKeys 140: 127. 2020." authorityName="Barboza &amp; Bianch., PhytoKeys 140: 127. 2020." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capsicum carassense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carassense">Capsicum carassense Barboza &amp; Bianch., PhytoKeys 140: 127. 2020.</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="F39" captionText="Figure 39. Capsicum carassense A flowering branch B-D leaf morphology E eglandular trichome of the stem F glandular trichome of the calyx G, H flower buds in different stages of development I flower J opened corolla K fruit L fruiting calyx. From Bianchetti et al. 1364. Drawn by L. Bianchetti. Published in Barboza et al. (2020 a), reproduced with permission." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.200.71667.figure39" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/695454" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figs 39</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="F40" captionText="Figure 40. Capsicum carassense A plant, showing the typical lanceolate leaves B inflorescence with geniculate pedicels C flower, in front view D fruit A-C from Stehmann 6344 D from Agra 7268. Photos by J. R. Stehmann. Published in Barboza et al. (2020 a), reproduced with permission." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.200.71667.figure40" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/695455" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">, 40</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2014-10-26" collectorName="de Lourdes, J. R. Stehmann, L. L. Giacomin, G. E. Barboza, S. Knapp" country="Brazil" elevation="1386" latitude="-20.094723" location="Serra do Caraca" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-43.481113" municipality="Catas Altas" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Minas Gerais" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry name="Brazil">Brazil</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion country="Brazil" name="Minas Gerais">Minas Gerais</collectingRegion>
: 
<collectingMunicipality>Catas Altas</collectingMunicipality>
, RPPN 
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A07225CF8BC0CC821B88E78F7E1FAD1A:96FEF49E9BBB99B7D4EB6E98407CF0DE" country="Brazil" latitude="-20.094723" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-43.481113" municipality="Catas Altas" name="Serra do Caraca" stateProvince="Minas Gerais">
Serra do 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Caraça">Caraca</normalizedToken>
</location>
, trilha da gruta 
<collectorName>de Lourdes</collectorName>
, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="após">apos</normalizedToken>
a capelinha, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="20" direction="south" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="41" value="-20.094723">20°05'41&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="43" direction="west" minutes="28" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="52" value="-43.481113">43°28'52&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.386" unit="m" value="1386.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.386" unit="m" value="1386.0">1386 m</elevation>
</quantity>
elev., 
<collectingDate value="2014-10-26">26 Oct 2014</collectingDate>
, 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<collectorName>J.R. Stehmann</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName>L.L. Giacomin</collectorName>
, 
<collectorName>G.E. Barboza</collectorName>
&amp; 
<collectorName>S. Knapp</collectorName>
6347
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
[two sheets]: BHCB acc.#174038 [BHCB0019940_1, BHCB0019940_2]; isotypes: CORD [CORD00006968], RB [RB01220059, acc. # 674586], MBM)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Erect shrubs (0.8-) 1-2 (-3) m tall, with the main stem somewhat thick and sparsely branched, the branches dichotomous and spreading horizontally. Young stems 3-4-angled, fragile, green, moderately to densely pubescent with uncinate and antrorse, simple, uniseriate, 3-5 (-6)-celled, eglandular trichomes 0.2-0.7 mm long, yellowish-brown when dried; nodes green or purple; bark of older stems brown, striate, pubescent; lenticels absent. Sympodial units difoliate, the leaves geminate; leaf pair unequal in size, similar in shape. Leaves membranous to chartaceous, discolorous, dark green above, paler beneath, moderately pubescent especially on the veins, with simple trichomes like those of the stem and sparse or frequent glandular trichomes (stalk unicellular; head multicellular) adaxially and abaxially; blades of major leaves 6-16 cm long, 0.9-2.5 cm wide, narrowly elliptic to lanceolate, the major veins 6-8 on each side of mid-vein, the mid-vein prominent and the secondary veins obscure, the base attenuate, the margins entire, the apex acute to obtuse; petioles 0.2-0.6 cm long, moderately pubescent; blades of minor leaves 2.9-3.9 cm long, 0.5-0.8 cm wide, narrowly elliptic, the major veins 2-3 (-4) on each side of mid-vein, the base attenuate, the margins entire, the apex obtuse; petioles 0.2-0.4 cm long, moderately pubescent. Inflorescences axillary, 2-4 flowers per axil; flowering pedicels (12-) 15-20 (-22) mm long, slightly angled, erect to spreading, geniculate at anthesis, green, moderately pubescent, the eglandular trichomes short or long, antrorse to spreading; pedicels scars inconspicuous. Buds ellipsoid, cream with greenish-yellow spots. Flowers 5-merous. Calyx 1.2-1.6 mm long, 2.5-3 mm wide, cup-shaped, thin, light green to cream, moderately pubescent with antrorse, curved, 3-5-celled, eglandular trichomes and sparse short glandular trichomes (stalk short, unicellular; head dark, elongate, multicellular), the calyx appendages five, (2.8-) 3-4 (-5) mm long, subequal, thick, erect, cylindrical, inserted very close to the margin. Corolla (8-) 10-12 mm long, 13-20 mm in diameter, thick, white with greenish-yellow spots outside, mostly with large purple spots on the lobes and the throat and cream centre within, stellate with abundant interpetalar membrane, lobed halfway or less of the way to the base, pubescent adaxially with a continuous ring of long glandular trichomes (stalk 2-3-celled; head globose, peltate, unicellular) in the throat and base of the lobes, glabrous abaxially, the tube 4.5-5 mm long, the lobes 4.5-6.5 mm long, 5-8 mm wide, broadly triangular to triangular, the margins densely pubescent, the tips cucullate. Stamens five, subequal; filaments 2.7-3.1 (-4.1) mm long, white, inserted on the corolla ca. 1 mm from the base, with auricles fused to the corolla at the point of insertion; anthers 1.5-1.9 mm long, ellipsoid, blue, not connivent at anthesis. Gynoecium with ovary 1.3-1.5 mm long, ca. 1.2 mm in diameter, light green, subglobose to ovoid; ovules more than two per locule; nectary ca. 0.3 mm tall; styles homomorphic, 4.3-5 (-7) mm long, barely exserted beyond the anthers, white, clavate; stigma ca. 0.2 mm long, ca. 0.7 mm wide, discoid, cream. Berry 6-7 mm in diameter, globose-depressed, green when immature, greenish at maturity, deciduous, pungent, the pericarp with giant cells (endocarp alveolate); stone cells absent; fruiting pedicels 18-25 mm long, pendent and slightly curved, slightly angled, widened at the apex, green; fruiting calyx ca. 4 mm in diameter, persistent, not accrescent, discoid, yellowish-green, the appendages spreading, green. Seeds 7-13 per fruit, 3.5-4 mm long, 2.5-3 mm wide, ellipsoid to reniform, brownish-black to black, the seed coat deeply reticulate and slightly tuberculate at margins (SM), reticulate with small pillar-like outgrowths at margins (SEM), the cells polygonal in shape, the lateral walls straight to wavy; embryo imbricate.</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.200.71667.figure39" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/695454" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 39" startId="F39">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 39.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capsicum carassense" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carassense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Capsicum carassense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
flowering branch 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B-D</emphasis>
leaf morphology 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">E</emphasis>
eglandular trichome of the stem 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">F</emphasis>
glandular trichome of the calyx 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">G, H</emphasis>
flower buds in different stages of development 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">I</emphasis>
flower 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">J</emphasis>
opened corolla 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">K</emphasis>
fruit 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">L</emphasis>
fruiting calyx. From 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Bianchetti et al. 1364</emphasis>
. Drawn by L. Bianchetti. Published in 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.140.47071" author="Barboza, GE" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="125 - 138" refId="B39" refString="Barboza, GE, Bianchetii, L, Stehmann, JR, 2020a. Capsicum carassense (Solanaceae), a new species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. PhytoKeys 140: 125 - 138, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.140.47071" title="Capsicum carassense (Solanaceae), a new species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.140.47071" volume="140" year="2020 a">Barboza et al. (2020a)</bibRefCitation>
, reproduced with permission.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.200.71667.figure40" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/695455" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 40" startId="F40">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 40.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capsicum carassense" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carassense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Capsicum carassense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A</emphasis>
plant, showing the typical lanceolate leaves 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">B</emphasis>
inflorescence with geniculate pedicels 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C</emphasis>
flower, in front view 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
fruit 
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">A-C</emphasis>
from 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Stehmann 6344</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">D</emphasis>
from 
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Agra 7268</emphasis>
. Photos by J.R. Stehmann. Published in 
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.140.47071" author="Barboza, GE" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="125 - 138" refId="B39" refString="Barboza, GE, Bianchetii, L, Stehmann, JR, 2020a. Capsicum carassense (Solanaceae), a new species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. PhytoKeys 140: 125 - 138, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.140.47071" title="Capsicum carassense (Solanaceae), a new species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.140.47071" volume="140" year="2020 a">Barboza et al. (2020a)</bibRefCitation>
, reproduced with permission.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capsicum carassense" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carassense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Capsicum carassense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is endemic to south-eastern Minas Gerais State (Brazil), growing mainly in the Serra do 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Caraça">Caraca</normalizedToken>
and other nearby mountainous areas (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="F41" captionText="Figure 41. Distribution of C. carassense, C. ceratocalyx and C. chacoense" figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.200.71667.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/695456" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">41</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.200.71667.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/695456" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Figure 41" startId="F41">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Figure 41.</emphasis>
Distribution of 
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="C." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. carassense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="carassense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. carassense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="C." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. ceratocalyx" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ceratocalyx">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. ceratocalyx</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="C." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. chacoense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="chacoense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. chacoense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="ecology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capsicum carassense" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carassense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Capsicum carassense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
inhabits the understorey of the semi-deciduous montane Atlantic Forest, in a shaded and moist environment, between 1,000 and 1,390 m elevation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="phenology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">In flower from October to January, also in May; fruiting in December, February and April.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="chromosome number">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chromosome number.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Not known.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="common names">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Common names.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">None recorded.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="uses">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Uses.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">None recorded.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="preliminary conservation assessment">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Preliminary conservation assessment.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
EOO (483.4 km2); AOO (32 km2). 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capsicum carassense" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carassense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Capsicum carassense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is considered Endangered (EN, B1ab(iii,iv)). We suggest this because of its very restricted geographic distribution, as well as the increasingly degraded habitat quality, especially associated with the extensive iron mining activities in the region (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.140.47071" author="Barboza, GE" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="125 - 138" refId="B39" refString="Barboza, GE, Bianchetii, L, Stehmann, JR, 2020a. Capsicum carassense (Solanaceae), a new species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. PhytoKeys 140: 125 - 138, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.140.47071" title="Capsicum carassense (Solanaceae), a new species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.140.47071" volume="140" year="2020 a">Barboza et al. 2020a</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="discussion">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capsicum carassense" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carassense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Capsicum carassense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belongs to the Atlantic Forest clade (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.140.47071" author="Barboza, GE" journalOrPublisher="PhytoKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="125 - 138" refId="B39" refString="Barboza, GE, Bianchetii, L, Stehmann, JR, 2020a. Capsicum carassense (Solanaceae), a new species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest. PhytoKeys 140: 125 - 138, DOI: https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.140.47071" title="Capsicum carassense (Solanaceae), a new species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.140.47071" volume="140" year="2020 a">Barboza et al. 2020a</bibRefCitation>
). This species is morphologically very similar to 
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="C." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. mirabile" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mirabile">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. mirabile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with which it has been confused in herbaria. Both species share a similar habit, the geniculate pedicels at anthesis, the number of calyx appendages, the shape and colour of the corolla, the colour and pungency of the fruits and the blackish seeds. They can be easily distinguished by the moderate to dense indumentum, the narrowly elliptic to lanceolate major leaves with apex acute to obtuse, the shorter petioles (up to 0.6 cm long), the cream buds with greenish-yellow pigmentation, the longer calyx appendages (up to 5 mm) and the larger corolla (13-20 mm in diameter) in 
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="C." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. carassense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="carassense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. carassense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, compared to 
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="C." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. mirabile" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mirabile">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. mirabile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which has sparse pubescence (young stems sometimes glabrous), major leaves elliptic (rarely narrowly elliptic) to ovate with apex acuminate to long-acuminate, longer petioles (up to 2.5 cm), purple or greenish-purple buds, shorter calyx appendages (up to 3 mm) and smaller corolla (9-13 mm in diameter) (see also Table 
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="T4" captionText="Table 4. Differences between C. mirum, C. cornutum, Capsicum carassense and C. mirabile." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/12BEDE7721F4EC6B3BDAA7E31F81D20A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" tableUuid="12BEDE7721F4EC6B3BDAA7E31F81D20A">4</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="12BEDE7721F4EC6B3BDAA7E31F81D20A" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/12BEDE7721F4EC6B3BDAA7E31F81D20A" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" start="Table 4" startId="T4">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Table 4.</emphasis>
Differences between 
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="C." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. mirum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mirum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. mirum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="C." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. cornutum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cornutum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. cornutum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Capsicum carassense" order="Rosales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="carassense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Capsicum carassense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="C." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. mirabile" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mirabile">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. mirabile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<table pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Character</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="C." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. mirum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mirum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. mirum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="C." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. cornutum" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cornutum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. cornutum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="C." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. carassense" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="carassense">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. carassense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName family="Solanaceae" genus="C." kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="C. mirabile" order="Solanales" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mirabile">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">C. mirabile</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Indument/trichomes (stems and leaves)</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Densely pubescent/trichomes antrorse</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Densely pubescent/trichome spreading</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Moderately to densely pubescent/trichomes antrorse</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Glabrate to sparsely pubescent/trichomes antrorse</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Major leaf shape</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Mostly elliptic, apex acute to acuminate</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Ovate to widely elliptic, apex acuminate</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Narrowly elliptic to lanceolate, apex acute to obtuse</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Elliptic to ovate, rarely narrowly elliptic, apex acuminate to long- acuminate</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Major leaf length/width ratio</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">2.5-3</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">2.4-5</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(4-) 5-10 (-16)</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(2-) 2.5-4 (-4.9)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Petioles length</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0.8-2.5 cm</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0.3-0.8 cm</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0.2-0.6 cm</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">0.7-2.5 cm</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Pedicels length</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">12-17 mm</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(22-) 25-35 mm</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(12-) 15-20 (-22) mm</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(13-) 16-25 mm</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Buds colour</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Purple</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">White with green and purple spots</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Cream with greenish-yellow spots</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Purple or greenish-purple</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Calyx appendages</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">10, subequal, spreading, long, (1.7-) 2-3.2 mm</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(5-) 7-10, unequal, erect or spreading, short to long, 0.5-6 mm</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">5, subequal, long, erect, (2.8-) 3-4 (-5) mm</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">5, subequal, erect, short to long, (0.4-) 0.5-1.5 (-3) mm</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Corolla size</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">6-8 mm long, 11-14 mm in diameter</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(8-) 9-14 mm long, 18-22 mm in diameter</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(8-) 10-12 mm long, 13-20 mm in diameter</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">(6-) 7.5-12 mm long, (9-) 10-13 mm in diameter</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Corolla colour</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Almost entirely purple and a thin white border within</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">White with small purple or reddish-brown spots within</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Mostly with large purple spots and a thin white border within</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rowspan="1">Mostly with large purple spots and a thin white border within</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">See Suppl. material 4: Appendix 4.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>