786 lines
81 KiB
XML
786 lines
81 KiB
XML
<document id="90BC418D04C7F881115EE1A065EAB8D1" ID-CLB-Dataset="3535" ID-DOI="10.15553/c2017v721a5" ID-GBIF-Dataset="8daef198-cdae-415e-ba12-ed75776a50dc" ID-ISSN="2235-3658" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5683653" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1636718338606" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Kainulainen, Kent, Berry, Paul E. & Ee, Benjamin van" docDate="2017" docId="3E7087940C22FFE5A52EFD72F3AEF882" docLanguage="en" docName="Candollea.72.1.35-44.pdf" docOrigin="Candollea 72 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:1E5CC43F38D0DBC531513809D1267F7B.3:Candollea.2015-.journal_article" docStyleId="1E5CC43F38D0DBC531513809D1267F7B" docStyleName="Candollea.2015-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Croton vatomandrensis Leandri" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="44" masterDocId="C249FFEC0C26FFECA616F841F163FFFC" masterDocTitle="Rediscovery of two species of Croton (Euphorbiaceae) from littoral habitats of eastern Madagascar" masterLastPageNumber="44" masterPageNumber="35" pageNumber="39" updateTime="1699468317677" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="F0FB56BBD723AD0F29B1EA706C0EFD50">
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<mods:title id="6B7FF9E8BAB935C7FEC74BE2746DA75A">Rediscovery of two species of Croton (Euphorbiaceae) from littoral habitats of eastern Madagascar</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="CD53DC3CBFBEBD2E45749C789ED36173" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="8B70A680D212EBFFAFFD34C7E48CF328">
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<mods:roleTerm id="F25FC8F626ADC3CDCD74E5F8C6493DE5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="165DAD2A610CA26E53F9E596942345CB">Kainulainen, Kent</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="9E9A68E461AD894058C8693E46A35F12" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="167CFCDA4DD03B167233E1EB1E1D1F45">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="EF4289EDAEA84BB8F924809008F91B8B">Berry, Paul E.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="AA2E151FED6F8CE7C5719E49676884F8" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="F7E26EBA01665BDFBF565433BDEFB6AD">
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<mods:roleTerm id="DDEB03D9A360E717756839B18994DA5F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="6DC6D71CA0A49D9C6EF092C44BE5A4FA">Ee, Benjamin van</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="A601044EE46808899C39050F7E827320">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="E778F3F97800C04C3638CA6DD8DE953E">
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<mods:title id="8B7A7F98F02237273F77BAA8E98D73F9">Candollea</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="AE5ABA73A150A434F8C5D89D7293BA41">
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<mods:date id="9EDA295E8DDE672F60142C187771BC7B">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="CAA6BD2EC975E96DD61083F1ECCC9D89" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="ACB578CB1DDF03A17132B56874F671B6">2017-02-22</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:number id="348E2C1981FD6A521BA301A144963DBF">72</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="5B32B3B206F3F255F24AFEC02E3BB015" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="124B7E45AEC930B712D5FA27BB38CD72">1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:start id="903D6C908B23C2AB8196AF951C561259">35</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="D5964F616673D7EAD6CD96FFA687CD6C">44</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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<mods:classification id="5456A257198D81A960307A33B8311850">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="B695E7F81231B23EAAEE422A72B6C87E" type="CLB-Dataset">3535</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3979483EE446697ED4F25EFDB503C3D7" type="DOI">10.15553/c2017v721a5</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7486A0144B06410EA9AF8C7939001B55" type="GBIF-Dataset">8daef198-cdae-415e-ba12-ed75776a50dc</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="65F533ADE52A7F6D00160641CC350E1C" type="ISSN">2235-3658</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="3E7087940C22FFE5A52EFD72F3AEF882" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5700755" ID-GBIF-Taxon="190303872" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5700755" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3E7087940C22FFE5A52EFD72F3AEF882" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3E7087940C22FFE5A52EFD72F3AEF882" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
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<subSubSection id="FEC365090C22FFE8A52EFD72F40DFA97" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph id="B66636820C22FFE8A52EFD72F40DFA97" blockId="4.[824,1476,1331,1388]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71D94D010C22FFE8A52EFD72F5D6FAB7" ID-CoL="ZRCT" authority="Leandri" authorityName="Leandri" box="[824,1205,1331,1355]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vatomandrensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C22FFE8A52EFD72F52AFAB7" bold="true" box="[824,1097,1331,1355]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Croton vatomandrensis</emphasis>
|
||
Leandri
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in Ann. Mus. Colon. Marseille, sér. 5, 7: 71. 1939 (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2EE22A070C22FFE8A266FD15F5C8FA90" box="[1136,1195,1364,1388]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[113,140,1318,1337]" captionTargetBox="[113,764,285,1290]" captionTargetId="graphics-612@3.[186,670,338,1237]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. – Geographic distribution of Croton chapelieri Baill. (stars) and C. vatomandrensis Leandri (circles), mapped on the bioclimatic zones of Madagascar (after CORNET, 1974; see SCHATZ, 2000)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5683657" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5683657/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="2EE22A070C22FFE8A2AEFD15F5A6FA90" box="[1208,1221,1364,1388]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[113,140,1839,1858]" captionTargetBox="[199,1367,276,1784]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[588,977,787,1298]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 3. – Croton vatomandrensis Leandri. A. Typical littoral habitat at Mahabo, Atsimo-Atsinanana Region, Fianarantsoa Province; B. Habit; C. Bark; note the characteristic horizontal furrows; D. Branch; note the subverticillate branching and how the young shoots soon turn from reddish brown to pale gray; E. Inflorescence with staminate flower and buds; F. Staminate flower; G. Immature inflorescences; H. Inflorescence with pistillate flowers; note the erect sepals; I. Pistillate flower and immature fruit; note the glabrous ovary. [A-C, G-H: van Ee et al. 2028; D-F, I: van Ee et al. 1194] [Photos: P. Berry]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5683661" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5683661/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">3</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="2EE22A070C22FFE8A2C7FD15F5BCFA90" box="[1233,1247,1364,1388]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="8.[136,163,1839,1858]" captionTargetBox="[221,1370,276,1809]" captionTargetId="figure-20@8.[604,987,1042,1425]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Fig. 4. – Croton chapelieri Baill. (A-F) and C. vatomandrensis Leandri (G-L). A-C. Staminate flower: side view (A), top view (B) and top view with stamens removed to show the five nectaries (C). D-F. Pistillate flower: side view (D), top view (E), and top view with ovary removed to show the five nectaries (F). G-I. Staminate flower: side view (G), top view (H), and top view with stamens removed to show the five nectaries (I). J-L. Pistillate flower: side view (J), top view (K), and top view with ovary removed to show the five nectaries (L). [A-F: van Ee et al. 1181; G-L: van Ee et al. 1194]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5683663" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5683663/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">4</figureCitation>
|
||
G-L, 5C-D).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="FEC365090C22FFE8A548FD3EF5EAFA0B" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="B66636820C22FFE8A548FD3EF5EAFA0B" blockId="4.[862,1474,1406,1527]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<materialsCitation id="06B13CDF0C22FFE8A548FD3EF5EAFA0B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3403402308" collectingDate="1921-11" collectionCode="P" collectorName="Perrier de la Bathie" country="M ADAGASCAR" location="Vatomandry," municipality="Vatomandry," pageId="4" pageNumber="39" specimenCode="P00248926" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Prov. Toamasina" typeStatus="lectotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C22FFE8A548FD3EF2B8FA6B" bold="true" box="[862,987,1407,1431]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<typeStatus id="696288200C22FFE8A548FD3EF2B8FA6B" box="[862,987,1407,1431]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" type="lectotype">Lectotypus</typeStatus>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(designated here):
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C22FFE8A2B7FD3EF2DAFA4B" bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CECE76120C22FFE8A2B7FD3EF422FA69" box="[1185,1345,1407,1431]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">M ADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="741DF8600C22FFE8A359FD3EF2CCFA4A" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Prov.Toamasina</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
env. de
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="5602ACF80C22FFE8A205FDDEF5FEFA4B" box="[1043,1181,1439,1463]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Vatomandry,</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
près des lagunes,
|
||
<date id="C26710420C22FFE8A375FDDEF4DDFA4B" box="[1379,1470,1439,1463]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" value="1921-11">
|
||
<collectingDate id="D223E9AA0C22FFE8A375FDDEF4DDFA4B" box="[1379,1470,1439,1463]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" value="1921-11">XI.1921</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C22FFE8A548FD81F511FA2B" box="[862,1138,1471,1495]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<collectorName id="1B2C53540C22FFE8A548FD81F544FA2B" box="[862,1063,1471,1495]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Perrier de la Bâthie</collectorName>
|
||
14084
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="D0C8AE470C22FFE8A294FDFEF5F0FA2B" box="[1154,1171,1471,1495]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">P</collectionCode>
|
||
[
|
||
<specimenCode id="E67F9EF90C22FFE8A2B7FDFEF44BFA2B" box="[1185,1320,1471,1495]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">P00248926</specimenCode>
|
||
]!; isolecto-:
|
||
<collectionCode id="D0C8AE470C22FFE8A3A4FDFEF4A1FA2A" box="[1458,1474,1471,1494]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">P</collectionCode>
|
||
[
|
||
<collectionCode id="D0C8AE470C22FFE8A572FD9EF210FA0B" box="[868,883,1503,1527]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">P</collectionCode>
|
||
00154409,
|
||
<collectionCode id="D0C8AE470C22FFE8A5F8FD9EF29DFA0B" box="[1006,1022,1503,1527]" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">P</collectionCode>
|
||
00154410]!).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="FEC365090C22FFEAA548FE5EF04DF9EB" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="B66636820C22FFEAA548FE5EF04DF9EB" blockId="4.[824,1475,1567,1945]" lastBlockId="6.[136,789,279,1559]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="41" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C22FFE8A548FE5EF2C1F9CB" box="[862,930,1567,1591]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Shrubs</emphasis>
|
||
or
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C22FFE8A5D3FE5EF54FF9CB" box="[965,1068,1567,1591]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">small trees</emphasis>
|
||
1-3(-7) m tall, sparsely branched with dichotomous branching, stems ascending and semi-succulent, often with distinct horizontal or reticulate furrows in the bark, internodes sometimes contracted, giving the appearance of whorled branches. Branches ± flattened on new growth but becoming terete with age, gray, densely covered with redbrown stellate-lepidote indumentum that soon turns pale gray. Stipules absent or vestigial.
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C22FFE8A28EFF43F5BEF8E5" box="[1176,1245,1794,1817]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="39">Leaves</emphasis>
|
||
alternate along stem, but (sub)opposite towards the apex. Petioles
|
||
<quantity id="71219B670C22FFE8A309FF60F4E6F8C4" box="[1311,1413,1825,1849]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="15.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="8.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="2.0">2-15 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, adaxially canaliculate, densely red-brown stellate-lepidote, usually with a pair of concave discoid glands c.
|
||
<quantity id="71219B670C22FFE8A331FF20F405F885" box="[1319,1382,1889,1913]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
in diam. near the base of the blade. Leaf blades coriaceous, entire or very shallowly serrulate towards the apex, elliptic to obovate, 3-16 ×
|
||
<quantity id="71219B670C20FFEAA68DF976F19BFEB3" box="[155,248,311,335]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="cm" value="2.4" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="1.8">1.8-3 cm</quantity>
|
||
, apex acute, obtuse, or rounded, base cuneate; adaxial surface ± glabrous, glossy, bright green when fresh, turning orange in old leaves, drying matte pale green; venation not prominent, with 5-10(-16) pairs of brochidodromus, ± penninerved secondary veins; abaxial surface sparsely brown stellate-lepidote, pale green and glossy; venation not prominent except for the midrib.
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C20FFEAA69EF9B9F067FDEC" box="[136,260,504,528]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Inflorescences</emphasis>
|
||
spike-like or pseudoracemose cymes,
|
||
<quantity id="71219B670C20FFEAA492F9B9F3B8FDEC" box="[644,731,504,528]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="cm" value="10.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="5.0">5-15 cm</quantity>
|
||
long, terminal, erect, bisexual, the staminate flowers towards the distal end and more numerous than the pistillate flowers at the base; axes densely stellate-lepidote, flattened; bracts narrowly triangular,
|
||
<quantity id="71219B670C20FFEAA69EFA38F061FD6D" box="[136,258,633,657]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.6" valueMin="0.9">0.9-1.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
long.
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C20FFEAA729FA3BF088FD6D" box="[319,491,633,657]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Staminate flowers</emphasis>
|
||
with brown stellate-lepidote, subglobose buds
|
||
<quantity id="71219B670C20FFEAA726FAD8F0CBFD4D" box="[304,424,665,689]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="2.1" valueMax="2.6" valueMin="1.6">1.6-2.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
diam., pedicels elongating from bud to anthesis, to
|
||
<quantity id="71219B670C20FFEAA70EFAFBF036FD2D" box="[280,341,698,722]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; sepals 5, pale green, shortly connate at base, lobes broadly triangular-ovate, 1.2-1.8 × 1.0-
|
||
<quantity id="71219B670C20FFEAA491FA9BF3B9FD0D" box="[647,730,730,754]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="1.6">1.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, apex acute, inflexed at anthesis, abaxially sparsely stellate-lepidote and papillose, adaxially glabrous, margins ciliate; petals 5, white, elliptic-spatulate, c. 2 ×
|
||
<quantity id="71219B670C20FFEAA79EFB7AF0AAFCAE" box="[392,457,827,851]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
, recurved at anthesis, abaxially papillate and pilose towards base, adaxially glabrous, margins densely ciliate; disc glands/nectaries 5, opposite the sepals, sessile, ellipsoidal with an apical depression, c. 0.6 ×
|
||
<quantity id="71219B670C20FFEAA471FBDAF3D8FC4F" box="[615,699,923,947]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, yellow; stamens 13-16, white, filaments
|
||
<quantity id="71219B670C20FFEAA7DBFBFAF325FC2F" box="[461,582,955,979]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="1.9" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.3">1.3-2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, ciliate, anthers elliptic, c. 0.6 ×
|
||
<quantity id="71219B670C20FFEAA73FFB9AF018FC0F" box="[297,379,987,1011]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
; receptacle pilose.
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C20FFEAA42AFB9DF3BEFC08" box="[572,733,988,1012]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Pistillate flowers</emphasis>
|
||
with stellate-lepidote buds
|
||
<quantity id="71219B670C20FFEAA770FBBDF0BCFBEF" box="[358,479,1020,1044]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="2.3" valueMax="2.8" valueMin="1.8">1.8-2.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
diam., pedicels to
|
||
<quantity id="71219B670C20FFEAA48CFBBDF3B5FBEF" box="[666,726,1020,1044]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; sepals 5, firm, elliptic, not spreading at anthesis, 2.2-3.5 ×
|
||
<quantity id="71219B670C20FFEAA4F1FC5DF1BEFBA8" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="1.35" valueMax="1.6" valueMin="1.1">1.1- 1.6 mm</quantity>
|
||
, apex acute, shortly connate at base, abaxially brown stellate-lepidote, adaxially glabrous, pale green, persistent in fruit; petals absent/reduced; disc glands/nectaries 5, opposite the sepals, sessile, ellipsoidal, c. 0.6 ×
|
||
<quantity id="71219B670C20FFEAA43FFCDCF3E2FB48" box="[553,641,1181,1205]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
, pale yellow; glandular filaments alternating with the sepals,
|
||
<quantity id="71219B670C20FFEAA486FCFCF271FB29" box="[656,786,1213,1237]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="1.15" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="0.8">0.8-1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long; ovary glabrous, green, globoid-ellipsoid, c.
|
||
<quantity id="71219B670C20FFEAA46CFC9CF3AFFB09" box="[634,716,1245,1269]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
diam., styles 3, 3.0–
|
||
<quantity id="71219B670C20FFEAA70EFCBCF00FFAE9" box="[280,364,1277,1301]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, each branch flattened and twice (or thrice) bifurcate for a total of 12 stigmatic tips, spreading, recurved at the apices, abaxially and adaxially glabrous, white, turning brown, persistent.
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C20FFEAA41CFD1FF305FA8A" box="[522,614,1374,1398]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Capsules</emphasis>
|
||
4.5-5.0 ×
|
||
<quantity id="71219B670C20FFEAA4F5FD1FF1BAFA6A" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.65" metricValueMax="6.8" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="5.65" valueMax="6.8" valueMin="4.5">4.5- 6.8 mm</quantity>
|
||
, smooth, green to brown, glabrous, exocarp not separating, endocarp woody, c.
|
||
<quantity id="71219B670C20FFEAA761FDDEF0A4FA4A" box="[375,455,1439,1463]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
thick; columella c.
|
||
<quantity id="71219B670C20FFEAA49DFDDFF3B8FA4A" box="[651,731,1438,1462]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
|
||
long, cornute, capitate.
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C20FFEAA72DFDFEF00DFA2B" box="[315,366,1471,1495]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Seeds</emphasis>
|
||
± compressed-ellipsoid, c. 4.6 ×
|
||
<quantity id="71219B670C20FFEAA4AEFDFEF269FA2A" box="[696,778,1471,1495]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="3.3">3.3 mm</quantity>
|
||
; testa glossy, granulate, dark brown; caruncle narrowly reniform, c. 0.6 ×
|
||
<quantity id="71219B670C20FFEAA6C0FDBEF04AF9EB" box="[214,297,1535,1559]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="mm" value="0.2">0.2 mm</quantity>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="E2A6660A0C23FFE9A667FF15F47CF89B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5683659" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5683659" box="[113,1311,1876,1895]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5683659/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" startId="5.[113,140,1876,1895]" targetBox="[192,1419,276,1859]" targetPageId="5">
|
||
<paragraph id="B66636820C23FFE9A667FF15F47CF89B" blockId="5.[113,1372,1876,1971]" box="[113,1311,1876,1895]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C23FFE9A667FF15F1D2F89B" bold="true" box="[113,177,1876,1895]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Fig. 2. –</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71D94D010C23FFE9A6A3FF15F0BBF89B" authority="Baill. A. Typical" box="[181,472,1876,1895]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chapelieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C23FFE9A6A3FF15F02DF89B" box="[181,334,1876,1895]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Croton chapelieri</emphasis>
|
||
Baill.
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C23FFE9A794FF15F0F6F89B" bold="true" box="[386,405,1876,1895]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">A.</emphasis>
|
||
Typical
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
littoral habit at Mahabo, Atsimo-Atsinanana Region, Fianarantsoa Province;
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C23FFE9A26AFF15F5ECF89B" bold="true" box="[1148,1167,1876,1895]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">B.</emphasis>
|
||
Shrubs growing
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="B66636820C23FFE9A667FF2CF501F865" blockId="5.[113,1372,1876,1971]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
|
||
on sand at Sainte Luce, Anosy Region,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="741DF8600C23FFE9A7A8FF2CF32FF87C" box="[446,588,1901,1920]" country="Madagascar" name="Toliara" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">Toliara Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C23FFE9A44FFF2CF30FF87C" bold="true" box="[601,620,1901,1920]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">C.</emphasis>
|
||
Branch with leaves; note the villous pubescence on this specimen from Sainte Luce;
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C23FFE9A667FFC7F1E0F865" bold="true" box="[113,131,1926,1945]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Branch with staminate flowers and immature fruits;
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C23FFE9A458FFC7F303F865" bold="true" box="[590,608,1926,1945]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">E.</emphasis>
|
||
Staminate flowers;
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C23FFE9A507FFC7F25AF865" bold="true" box="[785,825,1926,1945]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">F-G.</emphasis>
|
||
Pistillate flowers;
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C23FFE9A5CDFFC7F28DF865" bold="true" box="[987,1006,1926,1945]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">H.</emphasis>
|
||
Mature fruit.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B66636820C23FFE9A667FFE1F562F84F" blockId="5.[113,1372,1876,1971]" box="[113,1025,1952,1971]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">
|
||
[
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C23FFE9A661FFE1F1EBF84F" bold="true" box="[119,136,1952,1971]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">C:</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C23FFE9A69AFFE1F044F84F" box="[140,295,1952,1971]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">van Ee et al. 2148;</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C23FFE9A73AFFE1F023F84F" bold="true" box="[300,320,1952,1971]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">D:</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C23FFE9A752FFE1F0BFF84F" box="[324,476,1952,1971]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">van Ee et al. 927;</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C23FFE9A7F6FFE1F36BF84F" bold="true" box="[480,520,1952,1971]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">E-G:</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C23FFE9A41AFFE1F3CCF84F" box="[524,687,1952,1971]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">van Ee et al. 2138;</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C23FFE9A4A5FFE1F3A4F84F" bold="true" box="[691,711,1952,1971]" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">H:</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C23FFE9A4DAFFE1F23EF84F" box="[716,861,1952,1971]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="40">van Ee et al. 926</emphasis>
|
||
] [Photos: P. Berry]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<subSubSection id="FEC365090C20FFEAA6B8FE01F356F886" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="B66636820C20FFEAA6B8FE01F356F886" blockId="6.[136,788,1600,1914]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C20FFEAA6B8FE01F367F9A4" box="[174,516,1600,1624]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Distribution, habitat, and ecology</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C20FFEAA407FE01F37DF9A4" bold="true" box="[529,542,1600,1624]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">–</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71D94D010C20FFEAA432FE01F271F9A4" box="[548,786,1600,1624]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vatomandrensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C20FFEAA432FE01F271F9A4" box="[548,786,1600,1624]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Croton vatomandrensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known from three sites so far, two in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="741DF8600C20FFEAA420FE21F272F984" box="[566,785,1632,1656]" country="Madagascar" name="Toamasina" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Toamasina Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
and one in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="741DF8600C20FFEAA713FEC1F099F964" box="[261,506,1664,1688]" country="Madagascar" name="Fianarantsoa" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Fianarantsoa Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
, all in sandy, swampy, littoral habitats, from sea level to around
|
||
<quantity id="71219B670C20FFEAA42DFEE1F310F944" box="[571,627,1696,1720]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" unit="m" value="30.0">30 m</quantity>
|
||
elevation. The
|
||
<typeStatus id="696288200C20FFEAA69EFE80F1D4F925" box="[136,183,1729,1753]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">type</typeStatus>
|
||
collection from Vatomandry was collected at the edge of a lagoon, and the specimens from Mahabo are from moist, somewhat boggy areas within the littoral forest and grassland zone, where they were growing mostly at the edge of patches of shrubs or
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71D94D010C20FFEAA71DFF00F00EF8A5" box="[267,365,1857,1881]" class="Liliopsida" family="Strelitziaceae" genus="Ravenala" kingdom="Plantae" order="Zingiberales" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C20FFEAA71DFF00F00EF8A5" box="[267,365,1857,1881]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Ravenala</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in areas with standing water,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71D94D010C20FFEAA4B5FF00F26DF8A5" authorityName="C.Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[675,782,1857,1881]" class="Sphagnopsida" family="Sphagnaceae" genus="Sphagnum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sphagnales" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C20FFEAA4B5FF00F26DF8A5" box="[675,782,1857,1881]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Sphagnum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, ferns, grasses, and sedges (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2EE22A070C20FFEAA788FF23F0B9F886" box="[414,474,1890,1914]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="3.[113,140,1318,1337]" captionTargetBox="[113,764,285,1290]" captionTargetId="graphics-612@3.[186,670,338,1237]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Fig. 1. – Geographic distribution of Croton chapelieri Baill. (stars) and C. vatomandrensis Leandri (circles), mapped on the bioclimatic zones of Madagascar (after CORNET, 1974; see SCHATZ, 2000)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5683657" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5683657/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="2EE22A070C20FFEAA7F1FF23F097F886" box="[487,500,1890,1914]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[113,140,1839,1858]" captionTargetBox="[199,1367,276,1784]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[588,977,787,1298]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 3. – Croton vatomandrensis Leandri. A. Typical littoral habitat at Mahabo, Atsimo-Atsinanana Region, Fianarantsoa Province; B. Habit; C. Bark; note the characteristic horizontal furrows; D. Branch; note the subverticillate branching and how the young shoots soon turn from reddish brown to pale gray; E. Inflorescence with staminate flower and buds; F. Staminate flower; G. Immature inflorescences; H. Inflorescence with pistillate flowers; note the erect sepals; I. Pistillate flower and immature fruit; note the glabrous ovary. [A-C, G-H: van Ee et al. 2028; D-F, I: van Ee et al. 1194] [Photos: P. Berry]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5683661" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5683661/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">3</figureCitation>
|
||
A-B).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="FEC365090C20FFEAA548F956F562FE2C" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="B66636820C20FFEAA548F956F562FE2C" blockId="6.[824,1474,279,464]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C20FFEAA548F956F2A5FED3" box="[862,966,279,303]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Phenology</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C20FFEAA5C5F956F283FED3" bold="true" box="[979,992,279,303]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">–</emphasis>
|
||
Based on the few known collections,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71D94D010C20FFEAA36DF959F281FEB3" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vatomandrensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C20FFEAA36DF959F281FEB3" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Croton vatomandrensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
appears to flower and fruit most heavily towards the end of the calendar year (November). In July at Mahabo we found plants mostly in the young bud stage, and the collection from Vohibola in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="741DF8600C20FFEAA2AAF9D9F4F7FE4C" box="[1212,1428,408,432]" country="Madagascar" name="Toamasina" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Toamasina Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
was fruiting in August.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="FEC365090C20FFEAA548F9B8F46EFC6F" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" type="conservation">
|
||
<paragraph id="B66636820C20FFEAA548F9B8F46EFC6F" blockId="6.[824,1475,505,915]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C20FFEAA548F9B8F54EFDEC" box="[862,1069,505,528]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Conservation status.</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C20FFEAA225F9B8F523FDED" bold="true" box="[1075,1088,505,529]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">–</emphasis>
|
||
Besides the
|
||
<typeStatus id="696288200C20FFEAA2DEF9B8F595FDED" box="[1224,1270,505,529]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality near Vatomandry in southeastern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="741DF8600C20FFEAA25EFA58F448FDCD" box="[1096,1323,537,561]" country="Madagascar" name="Toamasina" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Toamasina Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71D94D010C20FFEAA321FA58F2CDFDAD" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vatomandrensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C20FFEAA321FA58F2CDFDAD" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Croton vatomandrensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is presently known from the forest of Vohibola farther north in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="741DF8600C20FFEAA5FAFA18F507FD8D" box="[1004,1124,601,625]" country="Madagascar" name="Toamasina" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Toamasina</collectingRegion>
|
||
, and a small area near Mahabo, in
|
||
<collectingRegion id="741DF8600C20FFEAA543FA38F524FD6D" box="[853,1095,633,657]" country="Madagascar" name="Fianarantsoa" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Fianarantsoa Province</collectingRegion>
|
||
. No collections have been made of it from the
|
||
<typeStatus id="696288200C20FFEAA5A3FADBF280FD4E" box="[949,995,666,690]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality near Vatomandry since the
|
||
<typeStatus id="696288200C20FFEAA373FADBF4F0FD4E" box="[1381,1427,666,690]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">type</typeStatus>
|
||
was collected in 1921. Whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71D94D010C20FFEAA275FAFBF582FD2E" box="[1123,1249,698,722]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chapelieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C20FFEAA275FAFBF582FD2E" box="[1123,1249,698,722]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">C. chapelieri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
was locally common in the sandy forests at Mahabo, we saw very few individuals of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71D94D010C20FFEAA542FABAF56DFCEE" box="[852,1038,762,786]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vatomandrensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C20FFEAA542FABAF56DFCEE" box="[852,1038,762,786]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">C. vatomandrensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
there. Given the restricted occurrences in just three known localities and the threat of habitat destruction in those sites, we recommend that this species be assessed as “Endangered” [EN B2ab(ii, iii, iv)], following the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria (IUCN, 2012).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="FEC365090C20FFE5A548FBFDF39DFA32" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph id="B66636820C20FFEAA548FBFDF296F964" blockId="6.[824,1475,956,1946]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C20FFEAA548FBFDF5C3FC28" box="[862,1184,956,980]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
|
||
Notes.
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C20FFEAA5B7FBFDF2CDFC28" bold="true" box="[929,942,956,980]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">–</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71D94D010C20FFEAA5A2FBFDF5C3FC28" box="[948,1184,956,980]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vatomandrensis">Croton vatomandrensis</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is distinct with its sparsely branched habit and slightly succulent stems, the glabrous leaves and fruits, and the stellate-lepidote indumentum on young shoots that is reddish brown when young but turns pale gray with age (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2EE22A070C20FFEAA5C4FC7DF546FBA9" box="[978,1061,1084,1109]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[113,140,1839,1858]" captionTargetBox="[199,1367,276,1784]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[588,977,787,1298]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 3. – Croton vatomandrensis Leandri. A. Typical littoral habitat at Mahabo, Atsimo-Atsinanana Region, Fianarantsoa Province; B. Habit; C. Bark; note the characteristic horizontal furrows; D. Branch; note the subverticillate branching and how the young shoots soon turn from reddish brown to pale gray; E. Inflorescence with staminate flower and buds; F. Staminate flower; G. Immature inflorescences; H. Inflorescence with pistillate flowers; note the erect sepals; I. Pistillate flower and immature fruit; note the glabrous ovary. [A-C, G-H: van Ee et al. 2028; D-F, I: van Ee et al. 1194] [Photos: P. Berry]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5683661" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5683661/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
|
||
). The erect spike-like inflorescences are also characteristic (
|
||
<figureCitation id="2EE22A070C20FFEAA213FC1CF539FB89" box="[1029,1114,1117,1141]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="7.[113,140,1839,1858]" captionTargetBox="[199,1367,276,1784]" captionTargetId="figure-19@7.[588,977,787,1298]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Fig. 3. – Croton vatomandrensis Leandri. A. Typical littoral habitat at Mahabo, Atsimo-Atsinanana Region, Fianarantsoa Province; B. Habit; C. Bark; note the characteristic horizontal furrows; D. Branch; note the subverticillate branching and how the young shoots soon turn from reddish brown to pale gray; E. Inflorescence with staminate flower and buds; F. Staminate flower; G. Immature inflorescences; H. Inflorescence with pistillate flowers; note the erect sepals; I. Pistillate flower and immature fruit; note the glabrous ovary. [A-C, G-H: van Ee et al. 2028; D-F, I: van Ee et al. 1194] [Photos: P. Berry]" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5683661" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5683661/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Fig. 3G</figureCitation>
|
||
). It is notable that they appear to be dormant for extended periods of time before the onset of flowering. When Leandri (1939) described this species, he placed it in the informal “Groupe Fothergillifolium” together with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71D94D010C20FFEAA578FC9FF540FB09" box="[878,1059,1245,1269]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fothergillifolius">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C20FFEAA578FC9FF540FB09" box="[878,1059,1245,1269]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">C. fothergillifolius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CECE76120C20FFEAA272FC9CF5ADFB09" box="[1124,1230,1245,1269]" name="Mauritius" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71D94D010C20FFEAA314FC9FF4A0FB09" authority="Baill." authorityName="Baill." box="[1282,1475,1245,1269]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="furcellatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C20FFEAA314FC9FF4E6FB09" box="[1282,1413,1245,1269]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">C. furcellatus</emphasis>
|
||
Baill.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CECE76120C20FFEAA563FCBFF29BFAEA" box="[885,1016,1278,1302]" name="Madagascar" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
. Although he included all three species in his key to the group, there was no corresponding species entry for
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71D94D010C20FFEAA548FD7EF287FAAA" box="[862,996,1342,1366]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="furcellatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C20FFEAA548FD7EF287FAAA" box="[862,996,1342,1366]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">C. furcellatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Instead, he included that species at the end of the article in his list of insufficiently known or doubtful species, mentioning that it might represent an introduction or a mislabeling. Although the
|
||
<typeStatus id="696288200C20FFEAA289FDDEF5ACFA4B" box="[1183,1231,1439,1463]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">type</typeStatus>
|
||
label of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71D94D010C20FFEAA323FDDEF4A0FA4B" box="[1333,1475,1439,1463]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="furcellatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C20FFEAA323FDDEF4A0FA4B" box="[1333,1475,1439,1463]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">C. furcellatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
indicates it is a Scott-Elliot collection from Fort Dauphin in southeastern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CECE76120C20FFEAA5F9FD9EF515FA0B" box="[1007,1142,1503,1527]" name="Madagascar" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
|
||
, it was actually mislabeled at Paris in a shipment that had been received from Kew (an error documented by Humbert, 1948). The
|
||
<typeStatus id="696288200C20FFEAA318FE61F45FF9C4" box="[1294,1340,1568,1592]" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">type</typeStatus>
|
||
specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71D94D010C20FFEAA52EFE01F2D9F9A4" box="[824,954,1600,1624]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="furcellatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C20FFEAA52EFE01F2D9F9A4" box="[824,954,1600,1624]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">C. furcellatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is in reality a New World
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C20FFEAA2DAFE01F47AF9AB" box="[1228,1305,1600,1623]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71D94D010C20FFEAA2DAFE01F477F9AB" box="[1228,1300,1600,1623]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Croton</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71D94D010C20FFEAA309FE01F4DCF9AB" authority="Torr." authorityName="Torr." box="[1311,1471,1600,1624]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="41" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sonorae">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C20FFEAA309FE01F4E6F9A4" box="[1311,1413,1600,1624]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">C. sonorae</emphasis>
|
||
Torr.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, most likely an Edward Palmer collection
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C20FFEAA2EFFE21F4E7F984" box="[1273,1412,1632,1656]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">(Palmer 180)</emphasis>
|
||
from northern
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CECE76120C20FFEAA58BFEC1F293F964" box="[925,1008,1664,1688]" name="Mexico" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B66636820C20FFE5A548FEE1F39DFA32" blockId="6.[824,1475,956,1946]" lastBlockId="9.[113,766,1047,1487]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="6" pageNumber="41">
|
||
Both Leandri’s “Groupe Fothergillifolium” and “Groupe Chapelieri” were characterized as having staminate flowers with more than 12 stamens, a lack of lepidote scales, two acropetiolar glands (with no other glands on the leaf surface), leaves glabrescent on the abaxial surface, and petals of the pistillate flowers rudimentary or lacking (Leandri, 1939). The only difference in Leandri’s key between the groups was one of leaf blade proportions (blade at least twice as long as wide in Groupe Chapelieri and blade at least half as wide as long in Groupe Fothergillifolium). In a recent molecular study of Western Indian Ocean species of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71D94D010C2FFFE5A7ECFC16F322FB92" box="[506,577,1111,1134]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A7ECFC16F322FB92" box="[506,577,1111,1134]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">Croton</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(Haber et al., in press),
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71D94D010C2FFFE5A6ADFC36F00DFB73" box="[187,366,1143,1167]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fothergillifolius">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A6ADFC36F00DFB73" box="[187,366,1143,1167]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">C. fothergillifolius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is part of a highly supported clade of four species confined to the Mascarene island of
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CECE76120C2FFFE5A49CFCD6F394FB53" box="[650,759,1175,1199]" name="Mauritius" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
|
||
, whereas
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71D94D010C2FFFE5A6D9FCF6F02FFB33" box="[207,332,1207,1231]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chapelieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A6D9FCF6F02FFB33" box="[207,332,1207,1231]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">C. chapelieri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71D94D010C2FFFE5A795FCF6F323FB33" box="[387,576,1207,1231]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vatomandrensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A795FCF6F323FB33" box="[387,576,1207,1231]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">C. vatomandrensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are both embedded within a broader group of Malagasy, African, and
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CECE76120C2FFFE5A4B5FC96F1DEFAF3" name="Comoros" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">Comoro Islands</collectingCountry>
|
||
species, and they furthermore
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71D94D010C2FFFE5A41CFCB6F311FAF2" box="[522,626,1271,1295]" form="part" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" rank="form">form part</taxonomicName>
|
||
of the same, albeit poorly supported clade together with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71D94D010C2FFFE5A45CFD56F3AFFAD3" box="[586,716,1303,1327]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bracteatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A45CFD56F3AFFAD3" box="[586,716,1303,1327]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">C. bracteatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and another undescribed species. This shows at least that
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71D94D010C2FFFE5A4B3FD76F181FA93" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vatomandrensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A4B3FD76F181FA93" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">C. vatomandrensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
does not belong in the same group as
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71D94D010C2FFFE5A46BFD16F1D4FA73" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fothergillifolius">
|
||
C.
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A48BFD16F1D4FA73" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">fothergillifolius</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and that the circumscription of Groupe Chapelieri needs to be examined in greater detail to determine whether
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71D94D010C2FFFE5A667FDF6F04BFA33" box="[113,296,1463,1487]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vatomandrensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A667FDF6F04BFA33" box="[113,296,1463,1487]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">C. vatomandrensis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is actually closely allied to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71D94D010C2FFFE5A42DFDF6F3D1FA33" box="[571,690,1463,1487]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chapelieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A42DFDF6F32EFA32" box="[571,589,1463,1486]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">C</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A441FDF6F3D1FA33" box="[599,690,1463,1487]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">chapelieri</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
or not.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<caption id="E2A6660A0C21FFEBA667FF6EF389F854" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5683661" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5683661" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5683661/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" startId="7.[113,140,1839,1858]" targetBox="[199,1367,276,1784]" targetPageId="7">
|
||
<paragraph id="B66636820C21FFEBA667FF6EF389F854" blockId="7.[113,1335,1839,1960]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C21FFEBA667FF6EF1D2F8BE" bold="true" box="[113,177,1839,1858]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Fig. 3. –</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71D94D010C21FFEBA6A3FF71F34EF8BF" authority="Leandri. A. Typical" box="[181,557,1839,1859]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="42" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vatomandrensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C21FFEBA6A3FF71F0E5F8BF" box="[181,390,1840,1859]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">Croton vatomandrensis</emphasis>
|
||
Leandri.
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C21FFEBA7C1FF6EF089F8BE" bold="true" box="[471,490,1839,1858]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">A.</emphasis>
|
||
Typical
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
littoral habitat at Mahabo, Atsimo-Atsinanana Region, Fianarantsoa Province;
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C21FFEBA667FF08F1E7F8A0" bold="true" box="[113,132,1865,1884]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">B.</emphasis>
|
||
Habit;
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C21FFEBA6D2FF08F1B4F8A0" bold="true" box="[196,215,1865,1884]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">C.</emphasis>
|
||
Bark; note the characteristic horizontal furrows;
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C21FFEBA49CFF08F3FDF8A0" bold="true" box="[650,670,1865,1884]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Branch; note the subverticillate branching and how the young shoots soon turn from reddish brown to pale gray;
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C21FFEBA7D4FF23F0B7F889" bold="true" box="[450,468,1890,1909]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">E.</emphasis>
|
||
Inflorescence with staminate flower and buds;
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C21FFEBA56EFF23F2EAF889" bold="true" box="[888,905,1890,1909]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">F.</emphasis>
|
||
Staminate flower;
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C21FFEBA227FF23F527F889" bold="true" box="[1073,1092,1890,1909]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">G.</emphasis>
|
||
Immature inflorescences;
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C21FFEBA660FF3DF1E9F873" bold="true" box="[118,138,1916,1935]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">H.</emphasis>
|
||
Inflorescence with pistillate flowers; note the erect sepals;
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C21FFEBA48DFF3DF3C5F873" bold="true" box="[667,678,1916,1935]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">I.</emphasis>
|
||
Pistillate flower and immature fruit; note the glabrous ovary. [
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C21FFEBA661FFD4F1A6F854" bold="true" box="[119,197,1941,1960]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">A-C, G-H:</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C21FFEBA6DFFFD4F001F854" box="[201,354,1941,1960]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">van Ee et al. 2028</emphasis>
|
||
;
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C21FFEBA77AFFD4F0C0F854" bold="true" box="[364,419,1941,1960]" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">D-F, I:</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C21FFEBA7B1FFD4F327F854" box="[423,580,1941,1960]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="42">van Ee et al. 1194</emphasis>
|
||
] [Photos: P. Berry]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="E2A6660A0C2EFFE4A69EFF6EF34FF854" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5683663" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5683663" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5683663/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" startId="8.[136,163,1839,1858]" targetBox="[221,1370,276,1809]" targetPageId="8">
|
||
<paragraph id="B66636820C2EFFE4A69EFF6EF34FF854" blockId="8.[136,1338,1839,1960]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2EFFE4A69EFF6EF1ABF8BE" bold="true" box="[136,200,1839,1858]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Fig. 4. –</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71D94D010C2EFFE4A6DAFF71F0F6F8BF" authority="Baill." authorityName="Baill." box="[204,405,1840,1859]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chapelieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2EFFE4A6DAFF71F006F8BF" box="[204,357,1840,1859]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">Croton chapelieri</emphasis>
|
||
Baill.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2EFFE4A78BFF6EF0DDF8BE" bold="true" box="[413,446,1839,1858]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">A-F</emphasis>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71D94D010C2EFFE4A7F9FF71F3BFF8BF" authority="Leandri" authorityName="Leandri" box="[495,732,1840,1859]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="8" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vatomandrensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2EFFE4A7F9FF71F3F7F8BF" box="[495,660,1840,1859]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">C. vatomandrensis</emphasis>
|
||
Leandri
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2EFFE4A4F0FF6EF264F8BE" bold="true" box="[742,775,1839,1858]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">G-L</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2EFFE4A500FF6EF25CF8BE" bold="true" box="[790,831,1839,1858]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">A-C.</emphasis>
|
||
Staminate flower: side view (
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2EFFE4A257FF6EF52DF8BE" bold="true" box="[1089,1102,1839,1858]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">A</emphasis>
|
||
), top view (
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2EFFE4A2A4FF6EF5DCF8BE" bold="true" box="[1202,1215,1839,1858]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">B</emphasis>
|
||
) and top view with stamens removed to show the five nectaries (
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2EFFE4A427FF08F35DF8A0" bold="true" box="[561,574,1865,1884]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">C</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2EFFE4A45BFF08F317F8A0" bold="true" box="[589,628,1865,1884]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">D-F.</emphasis>
|
||
Pistillate flower: side view (
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2EFFE4A57EFF08F215F8A0" bold="true" box="[872,886,1865,1884]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">D</emphasis>
|
||
), top view (
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2EFFE4A5CFFF08F286F8A0" bold="true" box="[985,997,1865,1884]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">E</emphasis>
|
||
), and top view with ovary removed to show the five nectaries (
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2EFFE4A7DCFF23F0B6F889" bold="true" box="[458,469,1890,1909]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">F</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2EFFE4A7F2FF23F366F889" bold="true" box="[484,517,1890,1909]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">G-I.</emphasis>
|
||
Staminate flower: side view (
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2EFFE4A51EFF23F275F889" bold="true" box="[776,790,1890,1909]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">G</emphasis>
|
||
), top view (
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2EFFE4A56FFF23F2E4F889" bold="true" box="[889,903,1890,1909]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">H</emphasis>
|
||
), and top view with stamens removed to show the five nectaries (
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2EFFE4A73DFF3DF052F873" bold="true" box="[299,305,1916,1935]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">I</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2EFFE4A756FF3DF007F873" bold="true" box="[320,356,1916,1935]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">J-L.</emphasis>
|
||
Pistillate flower: side view (
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2EFFE4A44EFF3DF300F873" bold="true" box="[600,611,1916,1935]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">J</emphasis>
|
||
), top view (
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2EFFE4A4D0FF3DF3B0F873" bold="true" box="[710,723,1916,1935]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">K</emphasis>
|
||
), and top view with ovary removed to show the five nectaries (
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2EFFE4A2EFFF3DF467F873" bold="true" box="[1273,1284,1916,1935]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">L</emphasis>
|
||
). [
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2EFFE4A69BFFD4F1D1F854" bold="true" box="[141,178,1941,1960]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">A-F:</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2EFFE4A6A0FFD4F035F854" box="[182,342,1941,1960]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">van Ee et al. 1181;</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2EFFE4A74DFFD4F0E6F854" bold="true" box="[347,389,1941,1960]" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">G-L:</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2EFFE4A79FFFD4F345F854" box="[393,550,1941,1960]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="43">van Ee et al. 1194</emphasis>
|
||
]
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="B66636820C2FFFE5A7F8FA64F09CFDC2" box="[494,511,549,574]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A7F8FA64F09CFDC2" bold="true" box="[494,511,549,574]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">B</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B66636820C2FFFE5A4A4FA78F387FDB0" box="[690,740,569,588]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<quantity id="71219B670C2FFFE5A4A4FA78F387FDB0" box="[690,740,569,588]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="E2A6660A0C2FFFE5A667FBEEF3D9FC08" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5683665" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5683665" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5683665/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" startId="9.[113,140,943,962]" targetBox="[158,432,288,904]" targetPageId="9">
|
||
<paragraph id="B66636820C2FFFE5A667FBEEF3B3FC27" blockId="9.[113,750,943,1012]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A667FBEEF1D2FC3E" bold="true" box="[113,177,943,962]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">Fig. 5. –</emphasis>
|
||
Capsules and seeds of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71D94D010C2FFFE5A792FBEEF32EFC3E" authority="Baill." authorityName="Baill." box="[388,589,943,962]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="chapelieri">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A792FBEEF37FFC3E" box="[388,540,943,962]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">Croton chapelieri</emphasis>
|
||
Baill.
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A443FBEEF314FC3E" bold="true" box="[597,631,943,962]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">A-B</emphasis>
|
||
) and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="71D94D010C2FFFE5A4BEFBEEF041FC27" authority="Leandri" authorityName="Leandri" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vatomandrensis">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A4BEFBEEF1BAFC27" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">C. vatomandrensis</emphasis>
|
||
Leandri
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A73AFB89F02CFC27" bold="true" box="[300,335,968,987]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">C-D</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A748FB89F012FC27" bold="true" box="[350,369,968,987]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">A.</emphasis>
|
||
Capsule;
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A7DFFB89F0B8FC27" bold="true" box="[457,475,968,987]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">B.</emphasis>
|
||
Seed;
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A40FFB89F34FFC27" bold="true" box="[537,556,968,987]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">C.</emphasis>
|
||
Capsule;
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A492FB89F3FBFC27" bold="true" box="[644,664,968,987]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">D.</emphasis>
|
||
Seed.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="B66636820C2FFFE5A667FBA0F3D9FC08" blockId="9.[113,750,943,1012]" box="[113,698,993,1012]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">
|
||
[
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A661FBA0F1EAFC08" bold="true" box="[119,137,993,1012]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">A:</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A698FBA0F047FC08" box="[142,292,993,1012]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">Rabevohitra 2028;</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A73DFBA0F023FC08" bold="true" box="[299,320,993,1012]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">B:</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A753FBA0F0BEFC08" box="[325,477,993,1012]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">van Ee et al. 925;</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A7F5FBA0F36DFC08" bold="true" box="[483,526,993,1012]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">C-D:</emphasis>
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A404FBA0F3CCFC08" box="[530,687,993,1012]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">van Ee et al. 1194</emphasis>
|
||
].
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<subSubSection id="FEC365090C2FFFE5A681FDB4F3AEF882" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph id="B66636820C2FFFE5A681FDB4F3AEF882" blockId="9.[113,765,1525,1918]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A681FDB4F0C0F9F4" box="[151,419,1525,1544]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">Additional specimens examined.</emphasis>
|
||
–
|
||
<materialsCitation id="06B13CDF0C2FFFE5A7ADFDB4F35DF9A5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3403402325" collectingDate="2004-04-21" collectorName="Ludovic" country="Madagascar" elevation="23" latitude="-23.178055" location="Farafangana District" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="47.730278" municipality="Atsimo-Atsinanana Region" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Prov. Fianarantsoa">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A7ADFDB4F390F9F4" bold="true" box="[443,755,1525,1544]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<collectingCountry id="CECE76120C2FFFE5A7ADFDB4F359F9FB" box="[443,570,1525,1544]" name="Madagascar" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">MADAGASCAR</collectingCountry>
|
||
.
|
||
<collectingRegion id="741DF8600C2FFFE5A453FDB4F390F9F4" box="[581,755,1525,1544]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">Prov. Fianarantsoa</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="5602ACF80C2FFFE5A667FE51F013F9DF" box="[113,368,1552,1571]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">Atsimo-Atsinanana Region</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="B30660590C2FFFE5A76DFE51F359F9DF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3E7087940C22FFE5A52EFD72F3AEF882:B30660590C2FFFE5A76DFE51F359F9DF" box="[379,570,1552,1571]" country="Madagascar" latitude="-23.178055" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="47.730278" municipality="Atsimo-Atsinanana Region" name="Farafangana District" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" stateProvince="Prov. Fianarantsoa">Farafangana District</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="5602ACF80C2FFFE5A453FE51F395F9DF" box="[581,758,1552,1571]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">Mahabo-Mananivo</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="B30660590C2FFFE5A667FE6BF003F9C1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3E7087940C22FFE5A52EFD72F3AEF882:B30660590C2FFFE5A667FE6BF003F9C1" box="[113,352,1578,1597]" country="Madagascar" latitude="-23.178055" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="47.730278" municipality="Atsimo-Atsinanana Region" name="Baboaka, foret Marovahatry" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" stateProvince="Prov. Fianarantsoa">Baboaka, forêt Marovahatry</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<locationDeviation id="A7D42FA00C2FFFE5A77EFE6AF3F5F9C1" box="[360,662,1578,1598]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">au bord du marécage Andranokena</locationDeviation>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D3ED50450C2FFFE5A488FE6AF39FF9C2" box="[670,764,1579,1598]" degrees="23" direction="south" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" precision="15" seconds="41" value="-23.178055">23°10’41”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D3ED50450C2FFFE5A667FE04F1BBF9A4" box="[113,216,1605,1624]" degrees="47" direction="east" minutes="43" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" precision="15" seconds="49" value="47.730278">47°43’49”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="71219B670C2FFFE5A6F4FE04F072F9A5" box="[226,273,1605,1625]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="23.0">
|
||
<elevation id="3DF4D1B10C2FFFE5A6F4FE04F072F9A5" box="[226,273,1605,1625]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="23.0">23 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="C26710420C2FFFE5A70AFE04F0E2F9A4" box="[284,385,1605,1624]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" value="2004-04-21">
|
||
<collectingDate id="D223E9AA0C2FFFE5A70AFE04F0E2F9A4" box="[284,385,1605,1624]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" value="2004-04-21">21.IV.2004</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A79DFE04F09BF9A4" box="[395,504,1605,1624]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<collectorName id="1B2C53540C2FFFE5A79DFE04F0B3F9A4" box="[395,464,1605,1624]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">Ludovic</collectorName>
|
||
737
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(MO);
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="06B13CDF0C2FFFE5A452FE04F1EDF972" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3403402310" collectingDate="2001-11-09" collectionCode="K, MO, P" collectorName="McPherson & Rabenantoandro" elevation="15" latitude="-23.185833" location="Mahabo" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="47.706112" municipality="Mahabo" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="5602ACF80C2FFFE5A452FE04F3ECF9A4" box="[580,655,1605,1624]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">Mahabo</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D3ED50450C2FFFE5A48FFE04F398F9A4" box="[665,763,1605,1624]" degrees="23" direction="south" minutes="11" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" precision="15" seconds="09" value="-23.185833">23°11’09”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D3ED50450C2FFFE5A667FE21F1B0F98F" box="[113,211,1632,1651]" degrees="47" direction="east" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" precision="15" seconds="22" value="47.706112">47°42’22”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="71219B670C2FFFE5A6CAFE21F06AF98F" box="[220,265,1632,1651]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="15.0">
|
||
<elevation id="3DF4D1B10C2FFFE5A6CAFE21F06AF98F" box="[220,265,1632,1651]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="C26710420C2FFFE5A704FE21F00AF98F" box="[274,361,1632,1651]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" value="2001-11-09">
|
||
<collectingDate id="D223E9AA0C2FFFE5A704FE21F00AF98F" box="[274,361,1632,1651]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" value="2001-11-09">9.XI.2001</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A765FE21F3C8F98F" box="[371,683,1632,1651]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<collectorName id="1B2C53540C2FFFE5A765FE21F311F98F" box="[371,626,1632,1651]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">McPherson & Rabenantoandro</collectorName>
|
||
18384
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="D0C8AE470C2FFFE5A4AEFE21F3AAF98F" box="[696,713,1632,1651]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">K</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="D0C8AE470C2FFFE5A4C7FE21F39BF98F" box="[721,760,1632,1651]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">MO</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="D0C8AE470C2FFFE5A667FE3AF11CF972" box="[113,127,1659,1678]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">P</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="06B13CDF0C2FFFE5A682FE3BF055F955" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3403402303" collectingDate="2003-07-26" collectionCode="K, MO, P, TEF" collectorName="Rabehevitra" elevation="22" latitude="-23.170277" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="47.724167" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A682FE3BF1B8F971" box="[148,219,1658,1677]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">ibid. loc.</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D3ED50450C2FFFE5A6F2FE3AF027F972" box="[228,324,1659,1678]" degrees="23" direction="south" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" precision="15" seconds="13" value="-23.170277">23°10’13”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D3ED50450C2FFFE5A75CFE3AF0CDF972" box="[330,430,1659,1678]" degrees="47" direction="east" minutes="43" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" precision="15" seconds="27" value="47.724167">47°43’27”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="71219B670C2FFFE5A7AEFE3AF085F972" box="[440,486,1659,1678]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="22.0">
|
||
<elevation id="3DF4D1B10C2FFFE5A7AEFE3AF085F972" box="[440,486,1659,1678]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="22.0">22 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="C26710420C2FFFE5A7E6FE3BF33EF971" box="[496,605,1658,1677]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" value="2003-07-26">
|
||
<collectingDate id="D223E9AA0C2FFFE5A7E6FE3BF33EF971" box="[496,605,1658,1677]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" value="2003-07-26">26.VII.2003</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A471FE3BF1F2F954" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<collectorName id="1B2C53540C2FFFE5A471FE3BF3ADF971" box="[615,718,1658,1677]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">Rabehevitra</collectorName>
|
||
et al. 550
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="D0C8AE470C2FFFE5A688FED4F1CCF954" box="[158,175,1685,1704]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">K</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="D0C8AE470C2FFFE5A6AEFED4F1BCF954" box="[184,223,1685,1704]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">MO</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="D0C8AE470C2FFFE5A6FFFED7F197F955" box="[233,244,1686,1705]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">P</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="D0C8AE470C2FFFE5A6EAFED4F044F954" box="[252,295,1685,1704]" collectionName="TEF" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">TEF</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="06B13CDF0C2FFFE5A72AFED4F091F93F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3403402327" collectingDate="2002-09-23" collectionCode="K, MICH, MO" collectorName="Rabenantoandro" elevation="29" latitude="-23.172222" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="47.70639" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A72AFED4F0E1F954" box="[316,386,1685,1704]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">ibid. loc.</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D3ED50450C2FFFE5A79DFED4F089F954" box="[395,490,1685,1704]" degrees="23" direction="south" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" precision="15" seconds="20" value="-23.172222">23°10’20”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D3ED50450C2FFFE5A7E6FED4F337F954" box="[496,596,1685,1704]" degrees="47" direction="east" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" precision="15" seconds="23" value="47.70639">47°42’23”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="71219B670C2FFFE5A44BFED4F3E8F955" box="[605,651,1685,1705]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="29.0">
|
||
<elevation id="3DF4D1B10C2FFFE5A44BFED4F3E8F955" box="[605,651,1685,1705]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="29.0">29 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="C26710420C2FFFE5A482FED4F39BF954" box="[660,760,1685,1704]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" value="2002-09-23">
|
||
<collectingDate id="D223E9AA0C2FFFE5A482FED4F39BF954" box="[660,760,1685,1704]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" value="2002-09-23">23.IX.2002</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A667FEF1F02FF93F" box="[113,332,1712,1731]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<collectorName id="1B2C53540C2FFFE5A667FEF1F199F93F" box="[113,250,1712,1731]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">Rabenantoandro</collectorName>
|
||
et al. 957
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="D0C8AE470C2FFFE5A74FFEF1F009F93F" box="[345,362,1712,1731]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">K</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="D0C8AE470C2FFFE5A765FEF1F0D0F93F" box="[371,435,1712,1731]" collectionName="MICH" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">MICH</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="D0C8AE470C2FFFE5A7AAFEF1F080F93F" box="[444,483,1712,1731]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">MO</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="06B13CDF0C2FFFE5A7E1FEF1F0BAF922" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3403402332" collectingDate="2002-11-11" collectionCode="K, MICH, MO" collectorName="Razakamalala & Ludovic" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A7E1FEF1F35EF93F" box="[503,573,1712,1731]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">ibid. loc.</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="C26710420C2FFFE5A453FEF1F3CAF93F" box="[581,681,1712,1731]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" value="2002-11-11">
|
||
<collectingDate id="D223E9AA0C2FFFE5A453FEF1F3CAF93F" box="[581,681,1712,1731]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" value="2002-11-11">11.XI.2002</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A4A4FEF1F052F922" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<collectorName id="1B2C53540C2FFFE5A4A4FEF1F1C9F921" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">Razakamalala</collectorName>
|
||
&
|
||
<collectorName id="1B2C53540C2FFFE5A6DEFE8BF06FF921" box="[200,268,1738,1757]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">Ludovic</collectorName>
|
||
329
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="D0C8AE470C2FFFE5A728FE8AF02CF922" box="[318,335,1739,1758]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">K</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="D0C8AE470C2FFFE5A74EFE8AF0FBF922" box="[344,408,1739,1758]" collectionName="MICH" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">MICH</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="D0C8AE470C2FFFE5A7B4FE8AF0AAF922" box="[418,457,1739,1758]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">MO</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="06B13CDF0C2FFFE5A7C8FE8BF32FF905" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3403402331" collectingDate="2009-09-11" collectionCode="MICH, TAN" collectorName="van Ee" elevation="25" latitude="-23.172499" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="47.719723" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A7C8FE8BF346F921" box="[478,549,1738,1757]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">ibid. loc.</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D3ED50450C2FFFE5A438FE8AF3EDF922" box="[558,654,1739,1758]" degrees="23" direction="south" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" precision="15" seconds="21" value="-23.172499">23°10’21”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D3ED50450C2FFFE5A482FE8AF39BF922" box="[660,760,1739,1758]" degrees="47" direction="east" minutes="43" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" precision="15" seconds="11" value="47.719723">47°43’11”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="71219B670C2FFFE5A667FEA4F1D1F905" box="[113,178,1765,1785]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="25.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="0.0">
|
||
<elevation id="3DF4D1B10C2FFFE5A667FEA4F1D1F905" box="[113,178,1765,1785]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="0.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="25.0" valueMax="50.0" valueMin="0.0">0-50 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="C26710420C2FFFE5A6ACFEA4F07EF904" box="[186,285,1765,1784]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" value="2009-09-11">
|
||
<collectingDate id="D223E9AA0C2FFFE5A6ACFEA4F07EF904" box="[186,285,1765,1784]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" value="2009-09-11">11.IX.2009</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A730FEA7F0DFF904" box="[294,444,1765,1784]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<collectorName id="1B2C53540C2FFFE5A730FEA7F003F904" box="[294,352,1766,1784]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">van Ee</collectorName>
|
||
et al. 1194
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="D0C8AE470C2FFFE5A7D1FEA4F364F904" box="[455,519,1765,1784]" collectionName="MICH" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">MICH</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="D0C8AE470C2FFFE5A406FEA4F35CF904" box="[528,575,1765,1784]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">TAN</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="06B13CDF0C2FFFE5A447FEA4F1CCF8D2" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3403402334" collectingDate="2015-07-19" collectionCode="MICH, MO, P, TAN" collectorName="van Ee" elevation="15" latitude="-23.17111" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="47.699444" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A447FEA4F3F5F904" box="[593,662,1765,1784]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">ibid. loc.</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D3ED50450C2FFFE5A488FEA4F39FF904" box="[670,764,1765,1784]" degrees="23" direction="south" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" precision="15" seconds="16" value="-23.17111">23°10’16”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D3ED50450C2FFFE5A667FF41F1B8F8EF" box="[113,219,1792,1811]" degrees="47" direction="east" minutes="41" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" precision="15" seconds="58" value="47.699444">47°41’58”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
, c.
|
||
<quantity id="71219B670C2FFFE5A6EAFF41F04EF8EF" box="[252,301,1792,1811]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="15.0">
|
||
<elevation id="3DF4D1B10C2FFFE5A6EAFF41F04EF8EF" box="[252,301,1792,1811]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="C26710420C2FFFE5A721FF41F0C9F8EF" box="[311,426,1792,1811]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" value="2015-07-19">
|
||
<collectingDate id="D223E9AA0C2FFFE5A721FF41F0C9F8EF" box="[311,426,1792,1811]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" value="2015-07-19">19.VII.2015</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A7A0FF41F33FF8EF" box="[438,604,1792,1811]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<collectorName id="1B2C53540C2FFFE5A7A0FF41F097F8EE" box="[438,500,1792,1810]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">van Ee</collectorName>
|
||
et al. 2028
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="D0C8AE470C2FFFE5A47CFF41F3CEF8EF" box="[618,685,1792,1811]" collectionName="MICH" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">MICH</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="D0C8AE470C2FFFE5A4AFFF41F382F8EF" box="[697,737,1792,1811]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">MO</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="D0C8AE470C2FFFE5A4FBFF41F39BF8EF" box="[749,760,1792,1811]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">P</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="D0C8AE470C2FFFE5A667FF5AF1C2F8D2" box="[113,161,1819,1838]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">TAN</collectionCode>
|
||
);
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="06B13CDF0C2FFFE5A6A0FF5BF008F8B4" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3403402329" collectingDate="2015-07-19" collectionCode="MICH, MO, P, TAN" collectorName="van Ee" elevation="15" latitude="-23.171944" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="47.696667" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" specimenCount="1">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A6A0FF5BF19DF8D1" box="[182,254,1818,1837]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">ibid. loc.</emphasis>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D3ED50450C2FFFE5A711FF5AF00BF8D2" box="[263,360,1819,1838]" degrees="23" direction="south" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" precision="15" seconds="19" value="-23.171944">23°10’19”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D3ED50450C2FFFE5A779FF5AF0B7F8D2" box="[367,468,1819,1838]" degrees="47" direction="east" minutes="41" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" precision="15" seconds="48" value="47.696667">47°41’48”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="71219B670C2FFFE5A7C8FF5BF36EF8D2" box="[478,525,1818,1838]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="15.0">
|
||
<elevation id="3DF4D1B10C2FFFE5A7C8FF5BF36EF8D2" box="[478,525,1818,1838]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="15.0">15 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="C26710420C2FFFE5A401FF5BF3E5F8D1" box="[535,646,1818,1837]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" value="2015-07-19">
|
||
<collectingDate id="D223E9AA0C2FFFE5A401FF5BF3E5F8D1" box="[535,646,1818,1837]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" value="2015-07-19">19.VII.2015</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A486FF5AF1FFF8B4" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<collectorName id="1B2C53540C2FFFE5A486FF5AF3AFF8D1" box="[656,716,1819,1837]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">van Ee</collectorName>
|
||
et al. 2029
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="D0C8AE470C2FFFE5A6B1FF74F184F8B4" box="[167,231,1845,1864]" collectionName="MICH" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">MICH</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="D0C8AE470C2FFFE5A6E6FF74F075F8B4" box="[240,278,1845,1864]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">MO</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="D0C8AE470C2FFFE5A709FF77F049F8B5" box="[287,298,1846,1865]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">P</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="D0C8AE470C2FFFE5A727FF74F002F8B4" box="[305,353,1845,1864]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">TAN</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="06B13CDF0C2FFFE5A779FF74F3AEF882" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3403402305" collectingDate="2003-08-04" collectionCode="K, MICH, MO" collectorName="Rabehevitra" elevation="8" latitude="-18.565556" location="Brickaville Distr., Andranonkoditra, Ankanin'ny nofy, Vohibola forest" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="49.256668" municipality="Atsinanana Region" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Prov. Toamasina">
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A779FF74F361F8B4" bold="true" box="[367,514,1845,1864]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<collectingRegion id="741DF8600C2FFFE5A779FF74F361F8B4" box="[367,514,1845,1864]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">Prov. Toamasina</collectingRegion>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingMunicipality id="5602ACF80C2FFFE5A418FF74F3D0F8B4" box="[526,691,1845,1864]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">Atsinanana Region</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="B30660590C2FFFE5A4ADFF74F3F0F89F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3E7087940C22FFE5A52EFD72F3AEF882:B30660590C2FFFE5A4ADFF74F3F0F89F" latitude="-18.565556" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="49.256668" municipality="Atsinanana Region" name="Brickaville Distr., Andranonkoditra, Ankanin'ny nofy, Vohibola forest" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" stateProvince="Prov. Toamasina">Brickaville Distr., Andranonkoditra, Ankanin’ny nofy, Vohibola forest</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D3ED50450C2FFFE5A48AFF11F398F89F" box="[668,763,1872,1891]" degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" precision="15" seconds="56" value="-18.565556">18°33’56”S</geoCoordinate>
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D3ED50450C2FFFE5A667FF2BF1B0F881" box="[113,211,1898,1917]" degrees="49" direction="east" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" precision="15" seconds="24" value="49.256668">49°15’24”E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity id="71219B670C2FFFE5A6CAFF2AF19DF882" box="[220,254,1899,1918]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="8.0">
|
||
<elevation id="3DF4D1B10C2FFFE5A6CAFF2AF19DF882" box="[220,254,1899,1918]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="8.0">8 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date id="C26710420C2FFFE5A710FF2AF00CF882" box="[262,367,1899,1918]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" value="2003-08-04">
|
||
<collectingDate id="D223E9AA0C2FFFE5A710FF2AF00CF882" box="[262,367,1899,1918]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44" value="2003-08-04">4.VIII.2003</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="84ADEA900C2FFFE5A761FF2BF34FF882" box="[375,556,1898,1918]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">
|
||
<collectorName id="1B2C53540C2FFFE5A761FF2BF0B8F881" box="[375,475,1898,1917]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">Rabehevitra</collectorName>
|
||
et al. 405
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<collectionCode id="D0C8AE470C2FFFE5A42EFF2AF32AF882" box="[568,585,1899,1918]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">K</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="D0C8AE470C2FFFE5A447FF2AF3F3F882" box="[593,656,1899,1918]" collectionName="MICH" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">MICH</collectionCode>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectionCode id="D0C8AE470C2FFFE5A48FFF2AF3A1F882" box="[665,706,1899,1918]" pageId="9" pageNumber="44">MO</collectionCode>
|
||
).
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |