128 lines
16 KiB
XML
128 lines
16 KiB
XML
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<mods:title id="B9B00A30E824B244E1422D42D34BCAB0">Pamphagidae (Orthoptera: Acridoidea) from the Palaearctic Region: taxonomy, classification, keys to genera and a review of the tribe Nocarodeini I. Bolívar</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="DEF4153CF8423AC3B57251A5C75C99F4">Ünal, Mustafa</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="F0D9F7DD1AB264C3DF6289428FFDEB0C">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="2041973C521699A8BF2429C126E344E4">2016</mods:date>
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<treatment id="C24587A5FF674FD3FF50FBAB43DAFE8C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5781050" ID-GBIF-Taxon="125140357" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5781050" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:C24587A5FF674FD3FF50FBAB43DAFE8C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/C24587A5FF674FD3FF50FBAB43DAFE8C" lastPageId="130" lastPageNumber="130" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">
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<paragraph id="4A5336B3FF674FD0FF50FBAB45D1F8FA" blockId="129.[151,680,1784,1810]" box="[151,680,1784,1810]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">
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<heading id="111B81DFFF674FD0FF50FBAB45D1F8FA" bold="true" box="[151,680,1784,1810]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="7898EAA1FF674FD0FF50FBAB45D1F8FA" bold="true" box="[151,680,1784,1810]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">
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Genus:
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<taxonomicName id="8DEC4D30FF674FD0FF3FFBAB45D1F8FA" ID-CoL="8NVVV" authority="Mirzayans, 1991" authorityName="Mirzayans" authorityYear="1991" box="[248,680,1784,1810]" class="Insecta" family="Pamphagidae" genus="Neoparanothrotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="7898EAA1FF674FD0FF3FFBAB46ABF8FA" bold="true" box="[248,466,1784,1810]" italics="true" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Neoparanothrotes</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2E7D4B42FF674FD0FE1EFBAB45D1F8FA" author="Mirzayans" box="[473,680,1784,1810]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" refString="Mirzayans, H. (1991) Three new genera and four new species of Orthoptera from Iran. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran Suppl. 6, 1 - 26." type="journal article" year="1991">Mirzayans, 1991</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="02F66538FF674FD0FF50FA6D4498F8BC" box="[151,993,1854,1876]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" type="description">
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<paragraph id="4A5336B3FF674FD0FF50FA6D4498F8BC" blockId="129.[151,1140,1854,1907]" box="[151,993,1854,1876]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">
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<bibRefCitation id="2E7D4B42FF674FD0FF50FA6D4647F8BC" author="Mirzayans" box="[151,318,1854,1876]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" refString="Mirzayans, H. (1991) Three new genera and four new species of Orthoptera from Iran. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran Suppl. 6, 1 - 26." type="journal article" year="1991">Mirzayans 1991</bibRefCitation>
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: 16. Type species:
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<taxonomicName id="8DEC4D30FF674FD0FE3AFA6D44A4F8BC" authority="Mirzayans, 1991" authorityName="Mirzayans" authorityYear="1991" box="[509,989,1854,1876]" class="Insecta" family="Pamphagidae" genus="Neoparanothrotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borumandi">
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<emphasis id="7898EAA1FF674FD0FE3AFA6D4453F8BC" box="[509,810,1854,1876]" italics="true" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Neoparanothrotes borumandi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2E7D4B42FF674FD0FCF7FA6D44A4F8BC" author="Mirzayans" box="[816,989,1854,1876]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" refString="Mirzayans, H. (1991) Three new genera and four new species of Orthoptera from Iran. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran Suppl. 6, 1 - 26." type="journal article" year="1991">Mirzayans, 1991</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="02F66538FF674FD0FF50FA0E430DF89B" box="[151,1140,1885,1907]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="4A5336B3FF674FD0FF50FA0E430DF89B" blockId="129.[151,1140,1854,1907]" box="[151,1140,1885,1907]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">
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<taxonomicName id="8DEC4D30FF674FD0FF50FA0E457BF89B" ID-CoL="8NVVV" authority="Mirzayans, 1991" authorityName="Mirzayans" authorityYear="1991" box="[151,514,1885,1907]" class="Insecta" family="Pamphagidae" genus="Neoparanothrotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="7898EAA1FF674FD0FF50FA0E4637F89B" box="[151,334,1885,1907]" italics="true" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Neoparanothrotes</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2E7D4B42FF674FD0FE93FA0E457BF89B" author="Mirzayans" box="[340,514,1885,1907]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" refString="Mirzayans, H. (1991) Three new genera and four new species of Orthoptera from Iran. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran Suppl. 6, 1 - 26." type="journal article" year="1991">Mirzayans, 1991</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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:
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<treatmentCitation id="CB4D10A2FF674FD0FDCBFA0E45DEF89B" author="Otte" box="[524,679,1885,1907]" page="172" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" year="1994">
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<bibRefCitation id="2E7D4B42FF674FD0FDCBFA0E450DF89B" author="Otte" box="[524,628,1885,1907]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" refString="Otte, D. (1994) Orthoptera Species File 3. Grasshoppers [Acridomorpha] B. Pamphagoidea. Orthopterists' Society & Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia, 241 pp." type="book" year="1994">Otte 1994</bibRefCitation>
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: 172
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="CB4D10A2FF674FD0FD76FA0E4407F89B" author="Mirzayans" box="[689,894,1885,1907]" page="20" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" year="1998">
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<bibRefCitation id="2E7D4B42FF674FD0FD76FA0E4421F89B" author="Mirzayans" box="[689,856,1885,1907]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" refString="Mirzayans, H. (1998) Insects of Iran. The list of Orthoptera in the insect collection of Plant Pests and Diseases Research Institute of Iran. Pamphagidae and Pyrgomorphidae. Plant Pests and Diseases Reseach Institute, Insect Taxonomy Research Department, Entomological Publications, Tehran, 3, 40 pp." type="book" year="1998">Mirzayans 1998</bibRefCitation>
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: 20
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</treatmentCitation>
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;
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<treatmentCitation id="CB4D10A2FF674FD0FC4EFA0E4345F89B" author="Hodjat" box="[905,1084,1885,1907]" page="264" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" year="2012">
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<bibRefCitation id="2E7D4B42FF674FD0FC4EFA0E4372F89B" author="Hodjat" box="[905,1035,1885,1907]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" refString="Hodjat, S. H. (2012) An update list of Pamphagidae Brumster 1840 (Insecta: Orthoptera) of Iran with a key to the genera. Journal of Crop Protection 1 (3), 261 - 270." type="journal article" year="2012">Hodjat 2012</bibRefCitation>
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: 264
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</treatmentCitation>
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, 266.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="02F66538FF674FD3FF50FACC43DAFE8C" lastPageId="130" lastPageNumber="131" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="4A5336B3FF674FD3FF50FACC43DAFE8C" blockId="129.[151,1436,1951,2013]" lastBlockId="130.[151,1436,151,357]" lastPageId="130" lastPageNumber="131" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">
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<emphasis id="7898EAA1FF674FD0FF50FACC4672F850" bold="true" box="[151,267,1951,1976]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Remarks.</emphasis>
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This genus was established by
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<bibRefCitation id="2E7D4B42FF674FD0FDAFFACC4456F850" author="Mirzayans" box="[616,815,1951,1976]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" refString="Mirzayans, H. (1991) Three new genera and four new species of Orthoptera from Iran. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran Suppl. 6, 1 - 26." type="journal article" year="1991">Mirzayans (1991)</bibRefCitation>
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for his new species
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<taxonomicName id="8DEC4D30FF674FD0FBD6FAF24209F850" authority="Mirzayans, 1991" authorityName="Mirzayans" authorityYear="1991" box="[1041,1392,1951,1976]" class="Insecta" family="Pamphagidae" genus="Neoparanothrotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borumandi">
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<emphasis id="7898EAA1FF674FD0FBD6FAF243D5F850" box="[1041,1196,1951,1976]" italics="true" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">N. borumandi</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="2E7D4B42FF674FD0FB75FACC4209F850" author="Mirzayans" box="[1202,1392,1951,1976]" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" refString="Mirzayans, H. (1991) Three new genera and four new species of Orthoptera from Iran. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran Suppl. 6, 1 - 26." type="journal article" year="1991">Mirzayans, 1991</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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. He distinguished it from
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<taxonomicName id="8DEC4D30FF674FD0FE4FFA974550F835" box="[392,553,1988,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Pamphagidae" genus="Paranothrotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="129" pageNumber="130" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="7898EAA1FF674FD0FE4FFA974550F835" box="[392,553,1988,2013]" italics="true" pageId="129" pageNumber="130">Paranothrotes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the weak median carina of pronotum with its indistinct longitudinal sulcus, the narrower vertex, the presence of two dark spots on abdominal tergites and sternites, the wider pronotum, the antennae with 14 segments and the larger size.
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<bibRefCitation id="2E7D4B42FF644FD3FD63FDEF4412FF3C" author="Mirzayans" box="[676,875,188,213]" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" refString="Mirzayans, H. (1991) Three new genera and four new species of Orthoptera from Iran. Journal of Entomological Society of Iran Suppl. 6, 1 - 26." type="journal article" year="1991">Mirzayans (1991)</bibRefCitation>
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described the epiphallus, but not the phallus. This distinct genus is easily recognizable also by the unique shape of phallus in the tribe
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<taxonomicName id="8DEC4D30FF644FD3FB8BFD8C43AEFF10" box="[1100,1239,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Pamphagidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Nocarodeini">Nocarodeini</taxonomicName>
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(
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<figureCitation id="D2D72A36FF644FD3FB21FD8C423DFF10" box="[1254,1348,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURES 55 – 68" captionStartId="13.[151,264,1891,1913]" captionTargetBox="[186,1405,196,1866]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[178,1412,193,1875]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURES 55 – 68. Male phallic complex. a phallus lateral, b phallus dorsal, c epiphallus, d phallus posterior view. 55 Paranothrotes sulcatus; 56 Paranothrotes opacus opacus; 57 Paranothrotes eximius bitlis; 58 Paranothrotes gotvendicus; 59 Paranothrotes tenuicornis; 60 Paranothrotes margaritae; 61 Paranothrotes siirt; 62 Pseudonothrotes levis; 63 Eunothrotes derjugini; 64 Neoparanothrotes borumandi; 65 Nocaracris furvus kazdagi; 66 Nocaracris tunceli; 67 Nocaracris tardus; 68 Nocaracris emirdagi. Scales 1 mm (short scale for a, b, c; long scale for d)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/208266/files/figure.png" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Figs. 64</figureCitation>
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, a, b, c, d). Some additional characters are used in the key to genera of
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<taxonomicName id="8DEC4D30FF644FD3FCAFFC57448BFEF5" box="[872,1010,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Pamphagidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Nocarodeini">Nocarodeini</taxonomicName>
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above.
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<taxonomicName id="8DEC4D30FF644FD3FB8BFC574224FEF5" box="[1100,1373,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Pamphagidae" genus="Paranothrotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diamesus">
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<emphasis id="7898EAA1FF644FD3FB8BFC574224FEF5" box="[1100,1373,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Paranothrotes diamesus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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Bey- Bienko is included in this genus as a second member of the genus. Although the male of
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<taxonomicName id="8DEC4D30FF644FD3FB06FC7A4230FEA8" box="[1217,1353,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Pamphagidae" genus="Paranothrotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="diamesus">
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<emphasis id="7898EAA1FF644FD3FB06FC7A4230FEA8" box="[1217,1353,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">P. diamesus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is still unknown, the female characters much more agree with this genus rather than
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<taxonomicName id="8DEC4D30FF644FD3FC3CFC1F43E5FE8D" box="[1019,1180,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Pamphagidae" genus="Paranothrotes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Orthoptera" pageId="130" pageNumber="131" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="7898EAA1FF644FD3FC3CFC1F43E5FE8D" box="[1019,1180,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="130" pageNumber="131">Paranothrotes</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |