175 lines
27 KiB
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175 lines
27 KiB
XML
<document id="E39D81F1C688BD26B03D783FD8FE1EA5" ID-CLB-Dataset="8118" ID-DOI="10.5252/z2010n1a2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="4cecd899-5900-4411-8446-0d9552b1b098" ID-ISSN="1638-9387" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4520753" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1612808309234" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Randriamanantsoa, Richard, Aberlenc, Henri-Pierre, Ralisoa, Olga Bakoly, Ratnadass, Alain & Vercambre, Bernard" docDate="2010" docId="901F8794FF847470FD49FBE2FBB3FCC5" docLanguage="fr" docName="Zoosystema.32.1.19-72.pdf" docOrigin="Zoosystema 32 (1)" docSource="http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/z2010n1a2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:E638A3C99FA728B529662B46F84D75FD.3:Zoosystema.2009-2010.journal_article" docStyleId="E638A3C99FA728B529662B46F84D75FD" docStyleName="Zoosystema.2009-2010.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Enaria melanictera" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="36" masterDocId="6C26FFECFF947461FFB5FFEDFF94FFE8" masterDocTitle="Les larves des Scarabaeoidea (Insecta, Coleoptera) en riziculture pluviale des régions de haute et moyenne altitudes du Centre de Madagascar" masterLastPageNumber="72" masterPageNumber="19" pageNumber="35" updateTime="1698928337295" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="B171DBA4FDD9EC1B95D81FE7EF813E6F">Les larves des Scarabaeoidea (Insecta, Coleoptera) en riziculture pluviale des régions de haute et moyenne altitudes du Centre de Madagascar</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm id="A362A6C818EEDC8FFEBE6B1B43C875A6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="0121DF646C941EF20AFD02642BD98857">Randriamanantsoa, Richard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="96DE4BC654556F05DFFBEA53B13E3269">Fofifa - URP Scrid, 110 Antsirabe (Madagascar) r _ randriamanantsoa @ yahoo. fr</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="EA0C6D528956CE561A71115370BE4B96">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="98A36D797B868D2BD4F816952DC42E07">Aberlenc, Henri-Pierre</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="92C00494A0EE869681BA04E639164611">Cirad Bios, UMR CBGP (INRA / IRD / Cirad / Montpellier SupAgro), Campus international de Baillarguet, Ta A- 55 / L, F- 34398 Montpellier cedex 5 (France) henri-pierre. aberlenc @ cirad. fr</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="6509CDF42DCB278864BB1F32A338B3F7" type="email">aberlenc@cirad.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="4B4A269CFD2E0D8934B93C6942C8D865">Ralisoa, Olga Bakoly</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="51A73412E4A0EA914E62B48F3AC91155">Département d’Entomologie, Faculté des Sciences, Université d’Antananarivo, Antananarivo 101 (Madagascar)</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="EB5547602142F279E3101FB87FD85F55">Ratnadass, Alain</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="030EDDB87AE0AABCCCB51B56BAC4BBAB">Cirad, UPR HortSys - ICRISAT BP 12404, Niamey (Niger) a. ratnadass @ cgiar. org</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="EE77570E41CAED032FF847F369DC6409" type="email">ratnadass@cgiar.org</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="69B8FC87AE1E0D8CFB5BE01F5CA6D6A3">Vercambre, Bernard</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="3F26D43EE987991F6DCC59F339326FF7">Cirad, UPR Systèmes de Cultures annuels, avenue Agropolis, F- 34398 Montpellier cedex 5 (France) bernard. vercambre @ cirad. fr</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="4436D3B3639F1146B3A843DFE8CA2CF7" type="email">vercambre@cirad.fr</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="4130D2688D62FCBC2A715FCAB1D21371">Zoosystema</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="D499E176BA82E3CA7C24A2C33E8CD66A">
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<mods:date id="1A2D24939C2C06C73455903EEC2AB35B">2010</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="87F575F2207198368ADA3ACD93D12EDC">2010-03-31</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="37934DEBBA54AE43B7DB66FD3D905D8E">32</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="C88925430544FF25D2F62A288EFF5C4E">http://www.bioone.org/doi/abs/10.5252/z2010n1a2</mods:url>
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<treatment id="901F8794FF847470FD49FBE2FBB3FCC5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4549540" ID-GBIF-Taxon="177425643" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4549540" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:901F8794FF847470FD49FBE2FBB3FCC5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/901F8794FF847470FD49FBE2FBB3FCC5" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="16" pageNumber="35">
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<subSubSection id="50AC6509FF847471FD49FBE2FCE1FB4F" pageId="16" pageNumber="35" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="18093682FF847471FD49FBE2FBF6FBC3" blockId="16.[757,1129,1039,1130]" box="[764,1122,1039,1067]" pageId="16" pageNumber="35">
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<taxonomicName id="DFB64D01FF847471FD49FBE2FBF6FBC3" authority="(Klug, 1833)" baseAuthorityName="Klug" baseAuthorityYear="1833" box="[764,1122,1039,1067]" class="Insecta" family="Melolonthidae" genus="Enaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanictera">
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<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF847471FD49FBE2FC5AFBC2" bold="true" box="[764,974,1039,1066]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="35">Enaria melanictera</emphasis>
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(Klug, 1833)
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="18093682FF847471FD40FBC2FBDFFB82" blockId="16.[757,1129,1039,1130]" pageId="16" pageNumber="35">
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(
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<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF847471FD49FBC2FCDBFBA2" box="[764,847,1071,1098]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="32.[113,124,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[118,1198,220,1565]" captionTargetId="figure-21@32.[118,1207,220,1565]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIG. 5. — Larves de Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar, raster: A, Enaria melanictera (Klug, 1833); B, sp. M2; C, Apicencya waterloti (Dewailly,1950); D, Empecta scutata (Fairmaire,1901); E, Hoplochelus betanimena (Künckel, 1887); F, sp.M3; G, Triodontus nitidulus (Guérin, 1844); H, sp. S1; I, sp. S2. Échelles: A, B, F-I, 0,5 mm; C, D, 1 mm; E, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520765" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520765/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="35">Figs 5A</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF847471FCD5FBC2FCEAFBA2" box="[864,894,1071,1098]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="35.[113,124,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[141,1181,217,1589]" captionTargetId="figure-14@35.[141,1181,217,1589]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIG. 8. — Larves de Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar, épipharynx: A, Heteroconus paradoxus (Endrödi,1968); B, Paranodon coquerelii (Fairmaire, 1871); C, Paramorphochelus cornutus (Nonfried,1892); D, sp. M1; E, Encya sikorai (Brenske,1891); F, Enaria melanictera (Klug, 1833); G, sp. M2. Échelles: A, F, 0,5 mm; B, C, 0,2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520775" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520775/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="35">8F</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF847471FC3AFBC2FC28FBA2" box="[911,956,1071,1098]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="39.[113,124,1567,1584]" captionTargetBox="[118,1207,216,1486]" captionTargetId="figure-14@39.[118,1207,216,1486]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIG. 12. — Larves de Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar: A-E, hypopharynx; A, Enaria melanictera (Klug, 1833); B, Apicencya waterloti (Dewailly, 1950); C, Empecta scutata (Fairmaire, 1901); D, Hoplochelus betanimena (Künckel, 1887); E, Triodontus nitidulus (Guérin, 1844); F-O, antenne; F, Anochilia bifida (Olivier, 1789); G, Heteronychus plebeius (Klug, 1833); H, Hexodon unicolor (Olivier, 1789); I, Heteroconus paradoxus (Endrödi,1968); J, Paranodon coquerelii (Fairmaire,1871); K-M, Encya sikorai (Brenske,1891); L, M, plages sensorielles de l’article apical; N, Apicencya waterloti (Dewailly, 1950); O, Empecta scutata (Fairmaire, 1901). Échelles: A, F, G, I, J, O, 0,5 mm; E, L, M, 0,2 mm; H, K, N, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520787/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="35">12A</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF847471FC7BFBC2FC6BFBA2" box="[974,1023,1071,1098]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="40.[113,124,1612,1629]" captionTargetBox="[116,1208,217,1563]" captionTargetId="figure-21@40.[113,1202,214,1628]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIG. 13. — Larves de Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar: A-E, labre; A, Anochilia bifida (Olivier, 1789); B, Heteronychus plebeius (Klug, 1833); C, Paramorphochelus cornutus (Nonfried, 1892); D, Enaria melanictera (Klug, 1833); E, Triodontus nitidulus (Guérin, 1844); F-J, Celidota parvula (Janson, 1881), mandibule; F, gauche, face dorsale; G, gauche, face ventrale; H, droite, face dorsale; I, droite, face ventrale; J, aire stridulatoire mandibulaire. Échelles: A, B, D, F-I, 1 mm; C, E, J, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520793/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="35">13D</figureCitation>
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;
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<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF847471FBA4FBC2FBBEFBA2" box="[1041,1066,1071,1098]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="42.[113,124,1589,1606]" captionTargetBox="[135,1177,220,1549]" captionTargetId="figure-21@42.[136,1178,214,1549]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIG. 15. — Larves de Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar, mandibule: A, E, I, M, Q, U, Y, gauche, face dorsale; B, F, J, N, R, V, Z1, gauche, face ventrale; C, G, K, O, S, W, Z2, droite,face dorsale; D, H, L, P, T, X, Z3, droite,face ventrale; A-D, Paranodon coquerelii (Fairmaire, 1871); E-H, Paramorphochelus cornutus (Nonfried, 1892); I-L, Encya sikorai (Brenske, 1891); M-P, Enaria melanictera (Klug, 1833); Q-T, Apicencya waterloti (Dewailly, 1950); U-X, Empecta scutata (Fairmaire, 1901); Y-Z3, Hoplochelus betanimena (Künckel, 1887). Échelles: A-D, M-P, 1 mm; E-H, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520799/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="35">15</figureCitation>
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M-P; 17D; 20B; 22L-N; 23K-M)
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="18093682FF847471FD10FB63FCE1FB4F" blockId="16.[674,1209,1166,1383]" box="[677,885,1166,1193]" pageId="16" pageNumber="35">MATÉRIEL EXAMINÉ</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="50AC6509FF847470FD10FB43FBB3FCC5" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="16" pageNumber="35" type="description">
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<paragraph id="18093682FF847471FD10FB43FC30FA8F" blockId="16.[674,1209,1166,1383]" pageId="16" pageNumber="35">
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Larves provenant d’Antanikatsaka (
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<quantity id="DF4E9B67FF847471FB9BFB43FBFDFB21" box="[1070,1129,1198,1225]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="16" pageNumber="35" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
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d’Antsirabe), de Sakay dans des cultures de Maïs (
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<taxonomicName id="DFB64D01FF847471FB27FB23FD42FAEF" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Zea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="16" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mays">
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<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF847471FB27FB23FD42FAEF" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="35">Zea mays</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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) et de Riz pluvial (
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<taxonomicName id="DFB64D01FF847471FC15FB03FBB7FAEF" box="[928,1059,1262,1288]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Oryza" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="16" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sativa">
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<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF847471FC15FB03FBB7FAEF" box="[928,1059,1262,1288]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="35">Oryza sativa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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).
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<typeStatus id="C70D8820FF847471FB82FB00FBF8FAE0" box="[1079,1132,1261,1288]" pageId="16" pageNumber="35">Type</typeStatus>
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de sol: ferrallitique.Spécimens conservés dans les collections du Fofifa ( larves), du Cirad-CBGP (11 larves) et du MNHN (10 larves).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="18093682FF847471FD10FA61FCA1FA4F" blockId="16.[677,864,1420,1478]" box="[677,821,1420,1447]" pageId="16" pageNumber="35">DESCRIPTION</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="18093682FF847471FD10FA46FCF4FA2E" blockId="16.[677,864,1420,1478]" box="[677,864,1451,1478]" pageId="16" pageNumber="35">Couleur blanche.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="18093682FF847471FD10FA06FD5BF9ED" blockId="16.[674,1211,1515,1700]" box="[677,719,1515,1541]" pageId="16" pageNumber="35">
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<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF847471FD10FA06FD5BF9ED" box="[677,719,1515,1541]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="35">Tête</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="18093682FF847471FD10F9E7FBECF94C" blockId="16.[674,1211,1515,1700]" pageId="16" pageNumber="35">De couleur jaunâtre. Front avec 7 soies frontales antérieures, 1 soie frontale externe et 3 soies frontales postérieures disposées symétriquement. 1 soie de chaque côté de l’angle frontal. Épicrâne avec 6 soies dorso-épicraniales et 4 soies latéro-externes.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="18093682FF857470FFC4FF35FEF0FE59" blockId="17.[113,649,216,433]" pageId="17" pageNumber="36">
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<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF857470FFC4FF35FF77FF1A" bold="true" box="[113,227,216,242]" pageId="17" pageNumber="36">Antennes.</emphasis>
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Les longueurs respectives des articles sont: I = 2,09; II = 1,63; III = 1,54; IV = 1. Deuxième article avec 2 longues soies, le troisième article avec 1 soie. Dernier article antennaire avec 4 plages sensorielles: 2 ventrales, 1 petite apicale et 1 dorsale. Avant-dernier article avec une saillie ventrale apico-latérale.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="18093682FF857470FFC4FE38FE9BFD06" blockId="17.[111,647,469,750]" pageId="17" pageNumber="36">
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<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF857470FFC4FE38FF3AFE07" bold="true" box="[113,174,469,495]" pageId="17" pageNumber="36">Labre</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF857470FF0FFE38FE8FFE18" box="[186,283,469,496]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="40.[113,124,1612,1629]" captionTargetBox="[116,1208,217,1563]" captionTargetId="figure-21@40.[113,1202,214,1628]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIG. 13. — Larves de Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar: A-E, labre; A, Anochilia bifida (Olivier, 1789); B, Heteronychus plebeius (Klug, 1833); C, Paramorphochelus cornutus (Nonfried, 1892); D, Enaria melanictera (Klug, 1833); E, Triodontus nitidulus (Guérin, 1844); F-J, Celidota parvula (Janson, 1881), mandibule; F, gauche, face dorsale; G, gauche, face ventrale; H, droite, face dorsale; I, droite, face ventrale; J, aire stridulatoire mandibulaire. Échelles: A, B, D, F-I, 1 mm; C, E, J, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520793/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="36">Fig.13D</figureCitation>
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||
). Un peu plus large que long, symétrique. Zone médiane du bord antérieur en pointe arrondie, avec 2 + 2 soies externes et 4 soies internes rapprochées. 2 soies latéro-antérieures externes et 2 + 1 soies latéro-antérieures internes, 1 soie latérale et une à 4 courtes soies latéro-postérieures. Soies de l’acanthoparia bien visibles latéralement, de l’aire latéro-antérieure à l’aire latéro-postérieure. 2 soies labro-internes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="18093682FF857470FFC4FCFFFE28FBE3" blockId="17.[111,648,786,1035]" pageId="17" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF857470FFC4FCFFFF66FCC5" bold="true" box="[113,242,786,813]" pageId="17" pageNumber="36">Épipharynx</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF857470FF4AFCFFFEDBFCC5" box="[255,335,786,813]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="35.[113,124,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[141,1181,217,1589]" captionTargetId="figure-14@35.[141,1181,217,1589]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIG. 8. — Larves de Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar, épipharynx: A, Heteroconus paradoxus (Endrödi,1968); B, Paranodon coquerelii (Fairmaire, 1871); C, Paramorphochelus cornutus (Nonfried,1892); D, sp. M1; E, Encya sikorai (Brenske,1891); F, Enaria melanictera (Klug, 1833); G, sp. M2. Échelles: A, F, 0,5 mm; B, C, 0,2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520775" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520775/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="36">Fig. 8F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Haptomère constitué d’une rangée transversale de 5 très fortes épines sclérifiées subégales.Proplegmatum peu développé.Plegmatum bien distinct, s’élargissant vers l’avant. Acanthoparia formé de 13 à 15 soies lamelliformes incurvées vers l’avant. Chaetoparia dissymétriques, les soies convergeant vers l’aire pédiale, les plus petites à la périphérie. Aire pédiale glabre.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="18093682FF857470FFC4FBC2FEC7FAA0" blockId="17.[111,649,1071,1352]" pageId="17" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF857470FFC4FBC2FF60FBA1" bold="true" box="[113,244,1071,1097]" pageId="17" pageNumber="36">Mandibules</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF857470FEB7FBC2FEDFFBA2" box="[258,331,1071,1098]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="42.[113,124,1589,1606]" captionTargetBox="[135,1177,220,1549]" captionTargetId="figure-21@42.[136,1178,214,1549]" captionTargetPageId="42" captionText="FIG. 15. — Larves de Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar, mandibule: A, E, I, M, Q, U, Y, gauche, face dorsale; B, F, J, N, R, V, Z1, gauche, face ventrale; C, G, K, O, S, W, Z2, droite,face dorsale; D, H, L, P, T, X, Z3, droite,face ventrale; A-D, Paranodon coquerelii (Fairmaire, 1871); E-H, Paramorphochelus cornutus (Nonfried, 1892); I-L, Encya sikorai (Brenske, 1891); M-P, Enaria melanictera (Klug, 1833); Q-T, Apicencya waterloti (Dewailly, 1950); U-X, Empecta scutata (Fairmaire, 1901); Y-Z3, Hoplochelus betanimena (Künckel, 1887). Échelles: A-D, M-P, 1 mm; E-H, 0,5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520799/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="36">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||
M-P). Pas d’aire stridulatoire. Aire scissoriale de la mandibule gauche allongée, la dent apicale longue et émoussée, la seconde très effacée, la troisième émoussée. Aire scissoriale de la mandibule droite allongée, la dent apicale émoussée, suivie par une dent arrondie très émoussée. Aire molaire de la mandibule gauche avec une forte dent subcarrée. 6 longues soies latéro-externes et 1 soie dorso-externe.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="18093682FF857470FFC4FA81FDD3F9AD" blockId="17.[113,648,1388,1605]" pageId="17" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF857470FFC4FA81FF5AFA6E" bold="true" box="[113,206,1388,1414]" pageId="17" pageNumber="36">Maxilles</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF857470FF68FA81FED1FA6F" box="[221,325,1388,1415]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="44.[113,124,1612,1629]" captionTargetBox="[117,1206,214,1559]" captionTargetId="figure-21@44.[117,1206,214,1559]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIG. 17. — Larves de Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar, maxille, face dorsale: A, Paranodon coquerelii (Fairmaire, 1871); B, Paramorphochelus cornutus (Nonfried, 1892); C, Encya sikorai (Brenske, 1891); D, Enaria melanictera (Klug, 1833); E, Apicencya waterloti (Dewailly, 1950); F, Empecta scutata (Fairmaire, 1901); G, Hoplochelus betanimena (Künckel, 1887); H, Triodontus nitidulus (Guérin, 1844). Échelles: A, 0,5 mm; B, 0,1 mm; D, H, 0,2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520807" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520807/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="36">Fig. 17D</figureCitation>
|
||
). Galea et lacinia soudées à la base et séparées à l’apex. Lacinia à uncus avec 3 dents développées à apex tronqué, avec une rangée de 5 à 6 épines. Galea à uncus sclérifié, armée de 8 fortes épines sclérifiées. Sur la face dorsale, aire stridulatoire composée de 11 à 13 dents sclérifiées, rapprochées, coniques, inclinées vers l’apex.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="18093682FF857470FFC4F987FB3FFEDA" blockId="17.[113,648,1641,1700]" lastBlockId="17.[674,1209,216,306]" pageId="17" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF857470FFC4F987FE9AF96C" bold="true" box="[113,270,1642,1668]" pageId="17" pageNumber="36">Hypopharynx</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF857470FEAAF984FE11F96C" box="[287,389,1641,1668]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="39.[113,124,1567,1584]" captionTargetBox="[118,1207,216,1486]" captionTargetId="figure-14@39.[118,1207,216,1486]" captionTargetPageId="39" captionText="FIG. 12. — Larves de Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar: A-E, hypopharynx; A, Enaria melanictera (Klug, 1833); B, Apicencya waterloti (Dewailly, 1950); C, Empecta scutata (Fairmaire, 1901); D, Hoplochelus betanimena (Künckel, 1887); E, Triodontus nitidulus (Guérin, 1844); F-O, antenne; F, Anochilia bifida (Olivier, 1789); G, Heteronychus plebeius (Klug, 1833); H, Hexodon unicolor (Olivier, 1789); I, Heteroconus paradoxus (Endrödi,1968); J, Paranodon coquerelii (Fairmaire,1871); K-M, Encya sikorai (Brenske,1891); L, M, plages sensorielles de l’article apical; N, Apicencya waterloti (Dewailly, 1950); O, Empecta scutata (Fairmaire, 1901). Échelles: A, F, G, I, J, O, 0,5 mm; E, L, M, 0,2 mm; H, K, N, 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520787" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520787/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="36">Fig. 12A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Glosses couvertes sur les côtés et vers la base des palpes de longues soies, mêlées à des soies très courtes, orientées vers l’apex. Soies très fortes et denses en avant des oncyli, lesquels sont transverses, sclérifiés dans la partie centrale.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="18093682FF857470FD10FEBBFD79FE98" blockId="17.[674,1212,342,560]" box="[677,749,342,368]" pageId="17" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF857470FD10FEBBFD79FE98" box="[677,749,342,368]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="36">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="18093682FF857470FD10FE9BFB13FDD8" blockId="17.[674,1212,342,560]" pageId="17" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF857470FD10FE9BFD73FE78" bold="true" box="[677,743,374,400]" pageId="17" pageNumber="36">Pattes</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF857470FD41FE9BFCC0FE79" box="[756,852,374,401]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="47.[113,124,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[136,1188,217,1589]" captionTargetId="figure-14@47.[136,1188,217,1589]" captionTargetPageId="47" captionText="FIG. 20. — Larves de Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar, pattes: A, Encya sikorai (Brenske, 1891); B, Enaria melanictera (Klug, 1833); C, Apicencya waterloti (Dewailly,1950); D, Empecta scutata (Fairmaire,1901); E, Hoplochelus betanimena (Künckel,1887); F, Triodontus nitidulus (Guérin, 1844). Échelles: 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520817" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520817/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="36">Fig. 20B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Longues, de longueur croissante de P1 à P3, toutes de structure analogue: coxa, trochanter inséré latéralement sur la coxa, fémur, tibiotarse. P1 et P2 à griffe longue, forte à la base, incurvée, sclérifiée à l’apex.P3 à griffe très courte, plus large que longue, portant deux longues soies.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="18093682FF857470FD10FDB9FC93FD86" blockId="17.[675,1212,596,813]" box="[677,775,596,622]" pageId="17" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF857470FD10FDB9FC93FD86" box="[677,775,596,622]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="36">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="18093682FF857470FD10FD99FBB3FCC5" blockId="17.[675,1212,596,813]" pageId="17" pageNumber="36">
|
||
<emphasis id="2AC2EA90FF857470FD10FD99FD79FD66" bold="true" box="[677,749,628,654]" pageId="17" pageNumber="36">Raster</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<figureCitation id="808D2A07FF857470FD48FD99FCC2FD67" box="[765,854,628,655]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="32.[113,124,1635,1652]" captionTargetBox="[118,1198,220,1565]" captionTargetId="figure-21@32.[118,1207,220,1565]" captionTargetPageId="32" captionText="FIG. 5. — Larves de Scarabaeoidea de Madagascar, raster: A, Enaria melanictera (Klug, 1833); B, sp. M2; C, Apicencya waterloti (Dewailly,1950); D, Empecta scutata (Fairmaire,1901); E, Hoplochelus betanimena (Künckel, 1887); F, sp.M3; G, Triodontus nitidulus (Guérin, 1844); H, sp. S1; I, sp. S2. Échelles: A, B, F-I, 0,5 mm; C, D, 1 mm; E, 2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4520765" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4520765/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="36">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
|
||
). Fente anale en «Y » bordée de courtes soies. Palidia en «V » inversé, formés de 10 à 12 soies épineuses, plus longues vers l’apex. Teges formés de 4 rangées de courtes et fortes soies sclérifiées, aplaties et incurvées. Barbula avec de nombreuses et denses longues soies.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |