treatments-xml/data/65/52/49/6552496AFF959D73FF2AA5C1FBEB92D9.xml

<document id="8C8F0DDAFD3A38A642FCB79B0D977197" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.270.1.7" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13662066" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.metadata_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1725390231301" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Liu, Jing, Huang, Jie, Xu, Wei-Bin &amp; Lin, Chun-Rui" docDate="2016" docId="6552496AFF959D73FF2AA5C1FBEB92D9" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.270.1.7.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 270 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.270.1.7" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Aspidistra ronganensis C. R. Lin, J. Liu &amp; W. B. Xu 2016, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="64" masterDocId="996B3112FF949D72FFA2A537FFF9952A" masterDocTitle="Aspidistra ronganensis (Asparagaceae), a new species from limestone areas in Guangxi, China" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="63" pageNumber="64" updateTime="1732563982222" updateUser="guilherme" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="3E3C831A440115677E5E67BADC7F1E63">Aspidistra ronganensis (Asparagaceae), a new species from limestone areas in Guangxi, China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FCB509820828DAFA742199D2D17A6FA1">Liu, Jing</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="1894BE4EB2D9E3A312067BB93DE0C118">Huang, Jie</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="2AFB83FFFF959D73FF2AA5C1FD1F9425" ID-CoL="5VSXL" authority="C. R. Lin, J. Liu &amp; W. B. Xu" authorityName="C. R. Lin, J. Liu &amp; W. B. Xu" authorityYear="2016" box="[136,742,246,271]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ronganensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="DF8F246EFF959D73FF2AA5C1FE629425" bold="true" box="[136,411,246,271]" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Aspidistra ronganensis</emphasis>
C. R. Lin, J. Liu &amp; W. B. Xu
</taxonomicName>
, 
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(
<figureCitation id="75C0E4F9FF959D73FCF5A5C1FC5C9425" box="[855,933,246,271]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1953,1974]" captionTargetBox="[207,1378,187,1910]" captionTargetId="figure-14@2.[205,1383,187,1925]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1. Aspidistra ronganensis sp. nov. A, Habit; B, Flower; C, Perigone, dissected to show stamens and pistil; D, Pistil; E, Stigma, adaxial view. (Drawn by Wen-Hong Lin from the holotype)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13662068" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13662068/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="75C0E4F9FF959D73FC11A5C1FC0D9425" box="[947,1012,246,271]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1953,1974]" captionTargetBox="[168,1419,190,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-14@3.[167,1419,190,1928]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Aspidistra ronganensis sp. nov. A, Habit; B, Flower; C, Perigone, dissected to show stamens and pistil; D, Pistil; E, Stigma, adaxial view; F, Flowering plants. Aspidistra retusa K.Y.Lang &amp; S.Z.Huang G, Flowers; H, Flower, adaxial view; I, Perigone, half of perigone removed to show stamens and pistil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13662074" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13662074/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">2A–F</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A5E1ABF7FF959D73FF2AA477FCBF9453" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="ED44F87CFF959D73FF2AA477FCBF9453" blockId="1.[136,1451,320,377]" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="DF8F246EFF959D73FF2AA477FF43947F" bold="true" box="[136,186,320,341]" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Type</emphasis>
:— 
<materialsCitation id="5D93F221FF959D73FF75A477FD489453" collectingDate="2014-09-05" collectionCode="IBK" collectorName="Wei-Bin Xu" country="China" county="Rongan County" elevation="338" location="Dongqi Township" municipality="Dongqi Township" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="95ECB8ECFF959D73FF75A477FED1947F" box="[215,296,320,341]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">CHINA</collectingCountry>
. 
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, 
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, 
<collectingMunicipality id="0D206206FF959D73FCFDA477FBE8947F" box="[863,1041,320,341]" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Dongqi Township</collectingMunicipality>
, limestone mountains, alt. 
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a.s.l., 
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, 
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12005
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(
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!
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, 
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!
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).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="ED44F87CFF959D73FF2AA49DFE7D9659" blockId="1.[136,1453,426,2035]" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">
Herbs perennial, evergreen, rhizomatous. Rhizome creeping, subterete, 
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in diameter, densely covered with nodes, roots numerous. Sheathing leaves 6–8, purplish red, 
<quantity id="2A035599FF959D73FC8DA4F9FC6B94CD" box="[815,914,462,487]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" unit="cm" value="7.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="2.0">2–12 cm</quantity>
long, enveloping base of petiole, fibrous when withered. Leaves solitary, 
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apart; petiole stiff upright, 
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long, 
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thick, sulcate adaxially; leaf blade oblong lanceolate, 
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long, 
<quantity id="2A035599FF959D73FDECA721FD3B9705" box="[590,706,534,559]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.25" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="6.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" unit="cm" value="8.25" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="6.5">6.5–10 cm</quantity>
wide, green, inequilateral, apex acuminate, base cuneate, gradually tapered to petiole, margin entire. Peduncle erect or declining, 
<quantity id="2A035599FF959D73FCE9A70DFC4C9779" box="[843,949,570,595]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" unit="cm" value="1.25" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="0.5">0.5–2 cm</quantity>
long, with 5–6 pale bracts, bracts gradually wider from base to top of peduncle, upper most ones at base of perigone broadly ovate, 
<quantity id="2A035599FF959D73FBD9A769FB1E975D" box="[1147,1255,606,631]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" unit="mm" value="9.0" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="8.0">8–10 mm</quantity>
long, 
<quantity id="2A035599FF959D73FA93A769FA55975D" box="[1329,1452,606,631]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" unit="mm" value="15.0" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="14.0">14–16 mm</quantity>
wide, apex acuminate. Flowers solitary, perigone tubular, fleshy, 
<quantity id="2A035599FF959D73FCCFA7B5FC1197B1" box="[877,1000,642,667]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" unit="mm" value="22.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="20.0">20–25 mm</quantity>
long, 8-lobed apically; tube 
<quantity id="2A035599FF959D73FA93A7B5FA5597B1" box="[1329,1452,642,667]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" unit="mm" value="19.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="18.0">18–20 mm</quantity>
long, 
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in diam., white; lobes unequal in shape, triangular-lanceolate, 
<quantity id="2A035599FF959D73FBADA791FB899795" box="[1039,1136,678,703]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 mm</quantity>
long and 
<quantity id="2A035599FF959D73FB48A791FAB29795" box="[1258,1355,678,703]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 mm</quantity>
wide at base, pale purplish-red, apex gradually acuminate and usually slightly outcurved, with spurlike basal protuberances. Stamens 8, inserted on upper mid part of perigone tube, positioned much higher than stigma, anthers pale yellow, lineate, ca. 
<quantity id="2A035599FF959D73FEA8A625FEB59601" box="[266,332,786,811]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
long, 0. 5– 
<quantity id="2A035599FF959D73FE73A625FDF69601" box="[465,527,786,811]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
wide. Pistil narrow obconical, white, 
<quantity id="2A035599FF959D73FC1CA625FBE59601" box="[958,1052,786,811]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.0">5–6 mm</quantity>
long, stigma slightly enlarged, 
<quantity id="2A035599FF959D73FA20A625FF4D9665" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 mm</quantity>
in diam., slightly concave and pale red adaxially, shallowly 4-lobed at margin, lobes unequal. Flowering from September to October.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A5E1ABF7FF959D73FF1FA649FE23910D" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="ED44F87CFF959D73FF1FA649FE23910D" blockId="1.[136,1453,426,2035]" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="DF8F246EFF959D73FF1FA649FE1196BD" bold="true" box="[189,488,894,919]" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Distribution and ecology</emphasis>
:— 
<taxonomicName id="2AFB83FFFF959D73FDAEA649FCE996BD" authorityName="C. R. Lin, J. Liu &amp; W. B. Xu" authorityYear="2016" box="[524,784,894,919]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ronganensis">
<emphasis id="DF8F246EFF959D73FDAEA649FCE996BD" box="[524,784,894,919]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Aspidistra ronganensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is currently known only from the 
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locality in Rongan County, northern 
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, 
<collectingCountry id="95ECB8ECFF959D73FE62A695FDFE9691" box="[448,519,930,955]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">China</collectingCountry>
. It grows on shaded rocky limestone slopes in broad-leaved forests, together with species like 
<taxonomicName id="2AFB83FFFF959D73FEB6A6F1FDA796F5" authority="Li" authorityName="Li" box="[276,606,966,991]" class="Pinopsida" family="Cephalotaxaceae" genus="Cephalotaxus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Pinales" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hainanensis">
<emphasis id="DF8F246EFF959D73FEB6A6F1FDC496F5" box="[276,573,966,991]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Cephalotaxus hainanensis</emphasis>
Li
</taxonomicName>
, 
<emphasis id="DF8F246EFF959D73FDCFA6F1FAFD96F5" box="[621,1284,966,991]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicName id="2AFB83FFFF959D73FDCFA6F1FB6D96F5" authority="Maxim, Handeliodendron" authorityName="Maxim, Handeliodendron" box="[621,1172,966,991]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cannabaceae" genus="Pteroceltis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tatarinowii">Pteroceltis tatarinowii Maxim, Handeliodendron</taxonomicName>
bodinieri
</emphasis>
(Levl.) Rehd., 
<taxonomicName id="2AFB83FFFF959D73FF2AA6DDFDA79129" authority="(Clos) Merr." authorityName="Merr." baseAuthorityName="Clos" box="[136,606,1002,1027]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Bennettiodendron" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="leprosipes">
<emphasis id="DF8F246EFF959D73FF2AA6DDFE339129" box="[136,458,1002,1027]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Bennettiodendron leprosipes</emphasis>
(Clos) Merr.
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="2AFB83FFFF959D73FDCEA6DDFC8A9129" box="[620,883,1002,1027]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Stemonuraceae" genus="Gomphandra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cardiopteridales" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tetrandra">
<emphasis id="DF8F246EFF959D73FDCEA6DDFC8A9129" box="[620,883,1002,1027]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Gomphandra tetrandra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Wall. in Roxb.) Sleum., 
<taxonomicName id="2AFB83FFFF959D73FB3AA6DDFB059129" box="[1176,1276,1002,1027]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Urticaceae" genus="Pilea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="DF8F246EFF959D73FB3AA6DDFB2A9129" box="[1176,1235,1002,1027]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Pilea</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName id="2AFB83FFFF959D73FAABA6DDFA5F9129" box="[1289,1446,1002,1027]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Urticaceae" genus="Lecanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="DF8F246EFF959D73FAABA6DDFA859129" box="[1289,1404,1002,1027]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Lecanthus</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
, and 
<taxonomicName id="2AFB83FFFF959D73FF15A139FE23910D" authority="J. Sm." authorityName="J. Sm." box="[183,474,1038,1063]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Dryopteridaceae" genus="Cyrtomium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fortune">
<emphasis id="DF8F246EFF959D73FF15A139FE74910D" box="[183,397,1038,1063]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Cyrtomium fortune</emphasis>
J. Sm.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A5E1ABF7FF959D73FF1FA105FAA99009" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="ED44F87CFF959D73FF1FA105FAA99009" blockId="1.[136,1453,426,2035]" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="DF8F246EFF959D73FF1FA105FE1E9161" bold="true" box="[189,487,1074,1099]" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Taxonomic relationships</emphasis>
:— 
<taxonomicName id="2AFB83FFFF959D73FDA8A105FCEB9161" authorityName="C. R. Lin, J. Liu &amp; W. B. Xu" authorityYear="2016" box="[522,786,1074,1099]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ronganensis">
<emphasis id="DF8F246EFF959D73FDA8A105FCEB9161" box="[522,786,1074,1099]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Aspidistra ronganensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to 
<taxonomicName id="2AFB83FFFF959D73FC1BA105FABA9161" authority="K. Y. Lang &amp; S. Z. Huang" authorityName="K. Y. Lang &amp; S. Z. Huang" box="[953,1347,1074,1099]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="retusa">
<emphasis id="DF8F246EFF959D73FC1BA105FBDA9161" box="[953,1059,1074,1099]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">A. retusa</emphasis>
K.Y.Lang &amp; S.Z.Huang
</taxonomicName>
in 
<bibRefCitation id="896A858DFF959D73FAD0A105FEFC9145" author="Lang, K. Y." pageId="1" pageNumber="64" pagination="379 - 385" refId="ref2426" refString="Lang, K. Y. (1981) New taxa of the genus Aspidistra from China. Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica 19: 379 - 385." type="journal article" year="1981">Lang (1981: 379</bibRefCitation>
, 
<figureCitation id="75C0E4F9FF959D73FEB2A161FE709145" box="[272,393,1110,1135]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1953,1974]" captionTargetBox="[168,1419,190,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-14@3.[167,1419,190,1928]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2. Aspidistra ronganensis sp. nov. A, Habit; B, Flower; C, Perigone, dissected to show stamens and pistil; D, Pistil; E, Stigma, adaxial view; F, Flowering plants. Aspidistra retusa K.Y.Lang &amp; S.Z.Huang G, Flowers; H, Flower, adaxial view; I, Perigone, half of perigone removed to show stamens and pistil." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13662074" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13662074/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Figs. 2G–I</figureCitation>
) in the shape of the flower, but differs by the perigone tubular (vs. campanulate), 20–25 × 
<quantity id="2A035599FF959D73FA23A161FF4F91B9" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" unit="mm" value="7.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="6.0">6–8 mm</quantity>
, lobes triangular-lanceolate (vs. deltoid-ovate), apex gradually acuminate (vs. subobtuse), with spur-like basal protuberances (vs. without keels), anthers lineate, ca. 5 × 0. 5– 
<quantity id="2A035599FF959D73FCE1A1A9FC86919D" box="[835,895,1182,1207]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
(vs. ovate, 1.8 × 
<quantity id="2A035599FF959D73FB9CA1A9FB61919D" box="[1086,1176,1182,1207]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
). 
<taxonomicName id="2AFB83FFFF959D73FB08A1A9FA52919D" authorityName="C. R. Lin, J. Liu &amp; W. B. Xu" authorityYear="2016" box="[1194,1451,1182,1207]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ronganensis">
<emphasis id="DF8F246EFF959D73FB08A1A9FA52919D" box="[1194,1451,1182,1207]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Aspidistra ronganensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also similar to 
<taxonomicName id="2AFB83FFFF959D73FEE7A1F5FD6B91F1" authority="S. Z. He &amp; W. F. Xu" authorityName="S. Z. He &amp; W. F. Xu" box="[325,658,1218,1243]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="australis">
<emphasis id="DF8F246EFF959D73FEE7A1F5FE3C91F1" box="[325,453,1218,1243]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">A. australis</emphasis>
S.Z.He &amp; W.F.Xu
</taxonomicName>
in 
<bibRefCitation id="896A858DFF959D73FD17A1F5FC6691F1" author="He, S. Z. &amp; Liu, A. L. &amp; Xu, W. F." box="[693,927,1218,1243]" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" pagination="305 - 308" refId="ref2232" refString="He, S. Z., Liu, A. L. &amp; Xu, W. F. (2013) Aspidistra australis (Ruscaceae), a new species from Guizhou, China. Annales Botanici Fennici 50: 305 - 308. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.5735 / 086.050.0502" type="journal article" year="2013">
He 
<emphasis id="DF8F246EFF959D73FD7EA1F5FCED91F1" box="[732,788,1218,1243]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">et al.</emphasis>
(2013: 305)
</bibRefCitation>
, however, the latter species differs in its flower shorter, perigone tube 8–10× 
<quantity id="2A035599FF959D73FE6BA1D1FDAD91D5" box="[457,596,1254,1279]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.45" metricValueMax="3.6" metricValueMin="3.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" unit="mm" value="3.45" valueMax="3.6" valueMin="3.3">3.3–3.6 mm</quantity>
, stamens inserted slightly below middle of perigone tube lower than stigma. On the contrary, stamens are conspicuously higher than stigma in 
<taxonomicName id="2AFB83FFFF959D73FCC8A03DFBE89009" authorityName="C. R. Lin, J. Liu &amp; W. B. Xu" authorityYear="2016" box="[874,1041,1290,1315]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ronganensis">
<emphasis id="DF8F246EFF959D73FCC8A03DFBE89009" box="[874,1041,1290,1315]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">A. ronganensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a rare feature in 
<taxonomicName id="2AFB83FFFF959D73FB74A03DFAB09009" authorityName="Ker Gawler" authorityYear="1822" box="[1238,1353,1290,1315]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DF8F246EFF959D73FB74A03DFAB09009" box="[1238,1353,1290,1315]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Aspidistra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A5E1ABF7FF959D73FF1FA019FEE390A5" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="ED44F87CFF959D73FF1FA019FEE390A5" blockId="1.[136,1453,426,2035]" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="DF8F246EFF959D73FF1FA019FD49906D" bold="true" box="[189,688,1326,1351]" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">
Additional specimen studied (
<typeStatus id="324046DEFF959D73FD9BA019FD51906D" box="[569,680,1326,1351]" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
)
</emphasis>
:— 
<materialsCitation id="5D93F221FF959D73FD73A019FEEF90A5" collectingDate="2014-09-27" collectionCode="IBK" collectorName="Chun-rui Lin" country="China" county="Guilin City" location="Yanshan Township" municipality="Yanshan Township" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region" typeStatus="type">
<collectingCountry id="95ECB8ECFF959D73FD73A019FCD6906D" box="[721,815,1326,1351]" name="China" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">CHINA</collectingCountry>
. 
<collectingRegion id="2F3F369EFF959D73FCE1A019FAF2906D" box="[835,1291,1326,1351]" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region</collectingRegion>
, 
<collectingCounty id="042580F0FF959D73FABDA019FA5E906D" box="[1311,1447,1326,1351]" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Guilin City</collectingCounty>
, 
<collectingMunicipality id="0D206206FF959D73FF2AA065FE989041" box="[136,353,1362,1387]" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Yanshan Township</collectingMunicipality>
, introduced by Wei-Bin Xu from the 
<typeStatus id="324046DEFF959D73FCADA065FCC69041" box="[783,831,1362,1387]" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">type</typeStatus>
locality, cultivated, 
<date id="9945DEBCFF959D73FB8BA065FAF39041" box="[1065,1290,1362,1387]" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" value="2014-09-27">
<collectingDate id="89012754FF959D73FB8BA065FAF39041" box="[1065,1290,1362,1387]" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" value="2014-09-27">27 September 2014</collectingDate>
</date>
, 
<emphasis id="DF8F246EFF959D73FAB4A065FF3990A5" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">
<collectorName id="400E9DAAFF959D73FAB4A065FA529041" box="[1302,1451,1362,1387]" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Chun-rui Lin</collectorName>
1047
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="8BEA60B9FF959D73FF72A041FEF390A5" box="[208,266,1398,1423]" collectionName="IBK" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">IBK</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A5E1ABF7FF959D73FF1FA0ADFBEB92D9" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" type="description">
<paragraph id="ED44F87CFF959D73FF1FA0ADFBEB92D9" blockId="1.[136,1453,426,2035]" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="DF8F246EFF959D73FF1FA0ADFEC29099" bold="true" box="[189,315,1434,1459]" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Karyology</emphasis>
:—The chromosome number of 
<taxonomicName id="2AFB83FFFF959D73FD02A0ADFC589099" authorityName="C. R. Lin, J. Liu &amp; W. B. Xu" authorityYear="2016" box="[672,929,1434,1459]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ronganensis">
<emphasis id="DF8F246EFF959D73FD02A0ADFC589099" box="[672,929,1434,1459]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Aspidistra ronganensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was determined to be 2n = 38 (
<figureCitation id="75C0E4F9FF959D73FB58A0ADFAC59099" box="[1274,1340,1434,1459]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1288,1309]" captionTargetBox="[356,1231,190,1217]" captionTargetId="figure-14@4.[355,1231,190,1263]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Somatic chromosomes at metaphase of Aspidistra ronganensis sp. nov. A, Photomicrograph of metaphase chromosome of 2n = 38. Arrows indicate the secondary constriction of the chromosome. The arrowhead indicates the B chromosome; B, Somatic chromosomes serially arranged by their length and the position of centromeres. Karyotype formula: 2n = 24m + 2sm + 12st + 1B. Scale bar = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13662078" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13662078/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
), with the karyotype formula of 2n = 38 = 
<quantity id="2A035599FF959D73FE4FA089FDE790FD" box="[493,542,1470,1495]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="24.0">24m</quantity>
+ 2sm + 12st + 1B (
<figureCitation id="75C0E4F9FF959D73FCA0A089FCA090FD" box="[770,857,1470,1495]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1288,1309]" captionTargetBox="[356,1231,190,1217]" captionTargetId="figure-14@4.[355,1231,190,1263]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Somatic chromosomes at metaphase of Aspidistra ronganensis sp. nov. A, Photomicrograph of metaphase chromosome of 2n = 38. Arrows indicate the secondary constriction of the chromosome. The arrowhead indicates the B chromosome; B, Somatic chromosomes serially arranged by their length and the position of centromeres. Karyotype formula: 2n = 24m + 2sm + 12st + 1B. Scale bar = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13662078" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13662078/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
). A single B chromosome is marked by an arrowhead in 
<figureCitation id="75C0E4F9FF959D73FF04A0D5FEF990D1" box="[166,256,1506,1531]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1288,1309]" captionTargetBox="[356,1231,190,1217]" captionTargetId="figure-14@4.[355,1231,190,1263]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Somatic chromosomes at metaphase of Aspidistra ronganensis sp. nov. A, Photomicrograph of metaphase chromosome of 2n = 38. Arrows indicate the secondary constriction of the chromosome. The arrowhead indicates the B chromosome; B, Somatic chromosomes serially arranged by their length and the position of centromeres. Karyotype formula: 2n = 24m + 2sm + 12st + 1B. Scale bar = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13662078" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13662078/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
; No. 
<quantity id="2A035599FF959D73FE9DA0D5FE8090D1" box="[319,377,1506,1531]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.906" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" unit="in" value="39.0">39 in</quantity>
<figureCitation id="75C0E4F9FF959D73FE23A0D5FE2090D1" box="[385,473,1506,1531]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1288,1309]" captionTargetBox="[356,1231,190,1217]" captionTargetId="figure-14@4.[355,1231,190,1263]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Somatic chromosomes at metaphase of Aspidistra ronganensis sp. nov. A, Photomicrograph of metaphase chromosome of 2n = 38. Arrows indicate the secondary constriction of the chromosome. The arrowhead indicates the B chromosome; B, Somatic chromosomes serially arranged by their length and the position of centromeres. Karyotype formula: 2n = 24m + 2sm + 12st + 1B. Scale bar = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13662078" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13662078/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
. Among the 38 chromosomes, the first pair has median (m) centromeres and is longer than the remaining pairs; chromosomes from the pairs II to VIII gradually vary and have their centromeres at the subterminal (st) position, except the pair III which has submedian (sm) centromeres; the remaining chromosomes are smaller and have median (m) centromeres (
<figureCitation id="75C0E4F9FF959D73FDD9A379FD2C934D" box="[635,725,1614,1639]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1288,1309]" captionTargetBox="[356,1231,190,1217]" captionTargetId="figure-14@4.[355,1231,190,1263]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Somatic chromosomes at metaphase of Aspidistra ronganensis sp. nov. A, Photomicrograph of metaphase chromosome of 2n = 38. Arrows indicate the secondary constriction of the chromosome. The arrowhead indicates the B chromosome; B, Somatic chromosomes serially arranged by their length and the position of centromeres. Karyotype formula: 2n = 24m + 2sm + 12st + 1B. Scale bar = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13662078" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13662078/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
). Secondary constrictions are observed on both smaller median chromosomes (arrows in 
<figureCitation id="75C0E4F9FF959D73FE08A345FDFC93A1" box="[426,517,1650,1675]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1288,1309]" captionTargetBox="[356,1231,190,1217]" captionTargetId="figure-14@4.[355,1231,190,1263]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Somatic chromosomes at metaphase of Aspidistra ronganensis sp. nov. A, Photomicrograph of metaphase chromosome of 2n = 38. Arrows indicate the secondary constriction of the chromosome. The arrowhead indicates the B chromosome; B, Somatic chromosomes serially arranged by their length and the position of centromeres. Karyotype formula: 2n = 24m + 2sm + 12st + 1B. Scale bar = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13662078" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13662078/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
; Nos. 17 and 
<quantity id="2A035599FF959D73FD04A345FD1893A1" box="[678,737,1650,1675]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.572" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" unit="in" value="18.0">18 in</quantity>
<figureCitation id="75C0E4F9FF959D73FD4BA345FCBB93A1" box="[745,834,1650,1675]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1288,1309]" captionTargetBox="[356,1231,190,1217]" captionTargetId="figure-14@4.[355,1231,190,1263]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Somatic chromosomes at metaphase of Aspidistra ronganensis sp. nov. A, Photomicrograph of metaphase chromosome of 2n = 38. Arrows indicate the secondary constriction of the chromosome. The arrowhead indicates the B chromosome; B, Somatic chromosomes serially arranged by their length and the position of centromeres. Karyotype formula: 2n = 24m + 2sm + 12st + 1B. Scale bar = 10 μm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13662078" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13662078/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
). Upon five individual karyotypes, the average length of chromosome complement is 4.22 μm, and the karyotype asymmetry indices CV 
<subScript id="717FFA39FF959D73FB98A390FBB6939F" attach="left" box="[1082,1103,1703,1717]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">CL</subScript>
and M 
<subScript id="717FFA39FF959D73FB00A390FB40939F" attach="left" box="[1186,1209,1703,1717]" fontSize="6" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">CA</subScript>
are 63.24 and 26.20, respectively. Cytological data of 49 species in the genus 
<taxonomicName id="2AFB83FFFF959D73FCA9A38DFC8793F9" authorityName="Ker Gawler" authorityYear="1822" box="[779,894,1722,1747]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DF8F246EFF959D73FCA9A38DFC8793F9" box="[779,894,1722,1747]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Aspidistra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have been reported by now (
<bibRefCitation id="896A858DFF959D73FB6BA38DFF3A93DD" author="Bogner, J. &amp; Arnautov, N." pageId="1" pageNumber="64" pagination="203 - 208" refId="ref2186" refString="Bogner, J. &amp; Arnautov, N. (2004) Aspidistra locii (Convallariaceae), an unusual new species from Vietnam. Willdenowia 34: 203 - 208. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3372 / wi. 34.34119" type="journal article" year="2004">Bogner &amp; Arnautov 2004</bibRefCitation>
, 
<bibRefCitation id="896A858DFF959D73FF6DA3E9FED293DD" author="Li, G. Z." box="[207,299,1758,1783]" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" refId="ref2507" refString="Li, G. Z. (2004) The genus Aspidistra. Guangxi Science &amp; Technology Publishing House, Nannin, 229 pp." type="book" year="2004">Li 2004</bibRefCitation>
, 
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<emphasis id="DF8F246EFF959D73FE48A235FDDB9231" box="[490,546,1794,1819]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">et al.</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName id="2AFB83FFFF959D73FD01A235FC979231" box="[675,878,1794,1819]" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis id="DF8F246EFF959D73FD01A235FCEF9231" box="[675,790,1794,1819]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Aspidistra</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
share a basic chromosome number of x = 18 or 19 (
<bibRefCitation id="896A858DFF959D73FF32A211FF159215" author="Li, G. Z." box="[144,236,1830,1855]" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" refId="ref2507" refString="Li, G. Z. (2004) The genus Aspidistra. Guangxi Science &amp; Technology Publishing House, Nannin, 229 pp." type="book" year="2004">Li 2004</bibRefCitation>
, Gao 
<emphasis id="DF8F246EFF959D73FE8FA211FE9C9215" box="[301,357,1830,1855]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">et al.</emphasis>
2015), and 
<taxonomicName id="2AFB83FFFF959D73FE48A211FD159215" authorityName="C. R. Lin, J. Liu &amp; W. B. Xu" authorityYear="2016" box="[490,748,1830,1855]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ronganensis">
<emphasis id="DF8F246EFF959D73FE48A211FD159215" box="[490,748,1830,1855]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Aspidistra ronganensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is no exception. It is worth noting that a single B chromosome has been observed in 
<emphasis id="DF8F246EFF959D73FE26A27DFD699249" box="[388,656,1866,1891]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicName id="2AFB83FFFF959D73FE26A27DFD759249" authorityName="C. R. Lin, J. Liu &amp; W. B. Xu" authorityYear="2016" box="[388,652,1866,1891]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ronganensis">Aspidistra ronganensis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
which has an average length of 1.45 μm, and is smaller than all the other chromosomes. B chromosomes were reported only in some species of 
<taxonomicName id="2AFB83FFFF959D73FC7FA259FBA992AD" authorityName="Ker Gawler" authorityYear="1822" box="[989,1104,1902,1927]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DF8F246EFF959D73FC7FA259FBA992AD" box="[989,1104,1902,1927]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Aspidistra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in literature. For example, two B chromosomes have been reported from 
<taxonomicName id="2AFB83FFFF959D73FDCBA2A5FB8E9281" authority="Wang &amp; Lang (1978: 76)" authorityName="Wang &amp; Lang" authorityPageNumber="76" authorityYear="1978" box="[617,1143,1938,1963]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fimbriata">
<emphasis id="DF8F246EFF959D73FDCBA2A5FCB49281" box="[617,845,1938,1963]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Aspidistra fimbriata</emphasis>
Wang &amp; 
<bibRefCitation id="896A858DFF959D73FC1FA2A5FB8E9281" author="Lang, K. Y." box="[957,1143,1938,1963]" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" pagination="76 - 77" refId="ref2403" refString="Lang, K. Y. (1978) Plantae novae Aspidistra sinicae. Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica 16: 76 - 77." type="journal article" year="1978">Lang (1978: 76)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and different number of B chromosomes were found in different cells of 
<taxonomicName id="2AFB83FFFF959D73FD26A281FB6F92E5" authority="Wang &amp; Lang (1978: 77)" authorityName="Wang &amp; Lang" authorityPageNumber="77" authorityYear="1978" box="[644,1174,1974,1999]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tonkinensis">
<emphasis id="DF8F246EFF959D73FD26A281FC8292E5" box="[644,891,1974,1999]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Aspidistra tonkinensis</emphasis>
Wang &amp; 
<bibRefCitation id="896A858DFF959D73FC40A281FB6F92E5" author="Lang, K. Y." box="[994,1174,1974,1999]" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" pagination="76 - 77" refId="ref2403" refString="Lang, K. Y. (1978) Plantae novae Aspidistra sinicae. Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica 16: 76 - 77." type="journal article" year="1978">Lang (1978: 77)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="896A858DFF959D73FB01A281FA9792E5" author="Huang, J. L. &amp; Ma, L. M. &amp; Hong, D. Y." box="[1187,1390,1974,1999]" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" pagination="14 - 23" refId="ref2342" refString="Huang, J. L., Ma, L. M. &amp; Hong, D. Y. (1997) Cytotaxonomic studies on the genus Aspidistra II. Acta Phytotaxonomica Sinica 35: 14 - 23." type="journal article" year="1997">
Huang 
<emphasis id="DF8F246EFF959D73FB54A281FAD492E5" box="[1270,1325,1974,1999]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">et al.</emphasis>
1997
</bibRefCitation>
). The origin and evolution of the B chromosomes in 
<taxonomicName id="2AFB83FFFF959D73FD31A2EDFCFF92D9" authorityName="Ker Gawler" authorityYear="1822" box="[659,774,2010,2035]" class="Liliopsida" family="Asparagaceae" genus="Aspidistra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asparagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DF8F246EFF959D73FD31A2EDFCFF92D9" box="[659,774,2010,2035]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="64">Aspidistra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
deserve further studies.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>