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<mods:title id="57049A87C3C8C10F8F474CF2A36DEA80">A review of the omicrine genera Omicrogiton, Mircogioton and Peratogonus of China (Coleoptera, Hydrophilidae, Sphaeridiinae)</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="7046B13EE5794278DFF4330740E969FD" pageId="8" pageNumber="107">Taxon classification Animalia Coleoptera Hydrophilidae</paragraph>
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<taxonomicName id="EDC10EC2E35549F81D881ABFAA3748DE" ID-CoL="76RQR" authority="Sharp, 1884" authorityName="Sharp" authorityYear="1884" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peratogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peratogonus reversus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="107" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reversus">Peratogonus reversus Sharp, 1884</taxonomicName>
Figs 8-12, 21-22
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="A45AF66FE84CDF05682698D91D6377EB" pageId="9" pageNumber="108" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="716F1D2CCDEEE76DC75AD4D83BAB5387" pageId="9" pageNumber="108">
<taxonomicName id="A59D434921965D125AACEED428004A6A" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peratogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peratogonus reversus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reversus">
<pageBreakToken id="024C984B0268C2DEDDBF6576F103A454" pageId="9" pageNumber="108" start="start">Peratogonus</pageBreakToken>
reversus
</taxonomicName>
Sharp, 1884: 461.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="15F13E3A1490F97EBB58C1120E05F640" pageId="9" pageNumber="108" type="type material">
<paragraph id="FE849BE5E9FAD8B7567E7E050EB02C3F" pageId="9" pageNumber="108">Type material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9922AEE8FDCD46C8DB354C863270AC6D" pageId="9" pageNumber="108">
Syntypes: 2 specimens on one card (BMNH): &quot;
<taxonomicName id="BC2F973D6CB4991760265F8247B9700E" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peratogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peratogonus reversus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reversus">Peratogonus reversus</taxonomicName>
Type DS Nagasaki 14.4.81 // Japan G. Lewis Sharp coll. 1905 - 313&quot;; 1 upside down spec. (BMNH): &quot;
<taxonomicName id="1D85E52873B60A54CCE23EBF63423E2F" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peratogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peratogonus reversus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reversus">Peratogonus reversus</taxonomicName>
Sharp // Japan G. Lewis // 30.3.81&quot;.
</paragraph>
<caption id="49D00D0BE3DB471BD6437F47D4C6B47B" pageId="9" pageNumber="108">
<paragraph id="4636A9F5C1AA207414DF70C54F89115A" pageId="9" pageNumber="108">
Figures 7-13. Morphology of
<taxonomicName id="5CF01237D35CFE25A6FB9E966756F6A2" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Omicrogiton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omicrogiton" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Omicrogiton</taxonomicName>
Orchymont, 1919 and
<taxonomicName id="F90C83E4210C44D4330BF50D1440AEFE" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peratogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peratogonus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Peratogonus</taxonomicName>
Sharp, 1884 7 Dorsal habitus of
<taxonomicName id="CD5E24C8FB11FD57C3484A9B4CCB86FB" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Omicrogiton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omicrogiton insularis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insularis">Omicrogiton insularis</taxonomicName>
Orchymont, 1919 8-11 Habitus of
<taxonomicName id="E173728EA0BF8C83E46DAE0ADE6E373C" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peratogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peratogonus reversus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reversus">Peratogonus reversus</taxonomicName>
Sharp, 1884 (8 syntype from Japan, dorsal view 9 specimen from China, dorsal view 10 specimen from China, lateral view 11 syntype from Japan, ventral view) 12-13 Comparison of metaventral punctation of
<taxonomicName id="0DC68B1E0ACCB42D8D77ACFB84AFF100" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peratogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peratogonus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Peratogonus</taxonomicName>
(12
<taxonomicName id="8B738477FEA86AA679E7AAE0119882BB" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peratogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peratogonus reversus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reversus">Peratogonus reversus</taxonomicName>
13
<taxonomicName id="EA2E3C3FF4A2C9429D1C53DF981132F2" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peratogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peratogonus grandis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="108" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis">Peratogonus grandis</taxonomicName>
Bameul, 1994).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B7F6999583DF8A3E4ECB08F9B4CCEB01" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="109" pageId="9" pageNumber="108" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="CE51AA4D4B70A99BE4D1A8213FB6A2C9" pageId="9" pageNumber="108">Additional material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="664C62E62E01A1F169D700D7E2797483" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="109" pageId="9" pageNumber="108">
JAPAN: 1 male (BMNH): &quot;Japan, Kobe. Mayasan 14.vi.29 JEA Lewis. Nr 1530&quot;; 1 male (NMPC): Kanagawa Pref., Manazuru Peninsula, 4.xi.2006, P. Jaloszynski lgt.; 1 spec. (NMPC): Chiba Pref.,
<normalizedToken id="60FAD9CB743936DA6D08346BFB0EF154" originalValue="Kôzaki">Kozaki</normalizedToken>
shrine,
<normalizedToken id="1AF502B58B756C3C48F4200DEB1BBB5D" originalValue="Kôzaki-machi">Kozaki-machi</normalizedToken>
, 15.x.2001, P. Jaloszynski lgt. CHINA: Guangdong: 1 male (SYSU):
<pageBreakToken id="7FBE2A014B1E08465F4BB54712178CF9" pageId="10" pageNumber="109" start="start">Conghua</pageBreakToken>
, Liuxihe forest park, 16.v.2012, Tong Xiaoli leg. (in Chinese); 1 male (SYSU): Fengkai, Heishiding Natural Reserve,
<geoCoordinate id="CE6B25501F865FC1829CBB2A21F1D9CC" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="23.465">23°27.9'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="3F6E6AA0A892CE03A21C094287CCA670" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="111.905">111°54.3'E</geoCoordinate>
, 190-260 m, Fenglong Jia leg.; 1 male (NMPC): W of Qixing, Heishiding nature reserve, sifting of moist leaf litter in the dried-up streambeds and along the streams in the primary lowland forest, 190-260 m a.s.l.,
<geoCoordinate id="0F4440410364D8F16EF53071C4D3E6B8" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="23.465">23°27.9'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="5104B45383959A47CBFBE46B4C70D3EE" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="111.905">111°54.3'E</geoCoordinate>
, 1.-3.v.2011,
<normalizedToken id="75DC747E93B6EA05CC70D127EFFFD238" originalValue="Fikáček">Fikacek</normalizedToken>
&amp;
<normalizedToken id="E6E02295C05F3F0D6638DAE6517DCAD2" originalValue="Hájek">Hajek</normalizedToken>
lgt. Jiangxi: 1 male (NMPC): Jinggangshan Mts., Xiangzhou (forested valley S of the village), cut and decaying tops of bamboo trunks at side of a trail in the secondary forest and among the fields,
<geoCoordinate id="A81AF38D47D07A004F49D1F7FAA7CF35" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="26.591667">26°35.5'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="89F6474B407E86F2482C5CCFA89A6C85" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="92" value="114.26667">114°16.0'E</geoCoordinate>
, 374 m, 26.iv.2011,
<normalizedToken id="0196BEFB55191DB7A3E11B6A35A76FBD" originalValue="Fikáček">Fikacek</normalizedToken>
&amp;
<normalizedToken id="77E1873CEB945E82DFFEFBDC9C06B9D9" originalValue="Hájek">Hajek</normalizedToken>
lgt. Taiwan: 1 male, 9 spec. (NMPC, SYSU): Maoli County, Nanjhuang Twnsh., S-Nanjhuang Rd. 124, km 3 + forest road, forest compost, 26.x.2010, S.
<normalizedToken id="F636DAD19C588F7B7814331AF0ACCB37" originalValue="Vít">Vit</normalizedToken>
lgt.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B0CFB8B5F6F8A9DF6852D38F58459C82" pageId="10" pageNumber="109" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="DB3E22700FA3F3289906A01C28C236A4" pageId="10" pageNumber="109">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3B1F24FB03B44263265E4959C6EE22C7" pageId="10" pageNumber="109">Body length 2.1 mm, width 1.5 mm, strongly convex. Head and pronotum with fine microsculpture between punctures. Elytra with 10 striae, striae 1-5 reaching elytral base, striae 6-10 abbreviated anteriorly, not reaching base; elytral intervals with distinct fine punctures, without microsculpture between punctures. Prosternum steeply raised in middle to form a triangular medially carinate tablet. Mesoventrite flat medially, widely fused with metaventrite. Metaventrite laterally with much coarser and stronger punctures than on its median portion. Aedeagus (Figs 21-22) with phallobase ca. as long as paramere, tube-like; paramere broad basally, gradually narrowing towards apex; median lobe slender, parallel-sided, with very long basal struts, gonopore indistrinct, apex slightly emarginate.</paragraph>
<caption id="9FE88962D3A442CEA211F95BE364830A" pageId="10" pageNumber="109">
<paragraph id="5C9F8988A9165921734672B82AD70446" pageId="10" pageNumber="109">
Figures 14-22. Ventral morphology (14) and morphology of aedeagus (15-22). 14 detail of meso- and metaventrite of
<taxonomicName id="DC65E58A8D4E3872B94F7FB2B4655F55" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Mircogioton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mircogioton coomani" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coomani">Mircogioton coomani</taxonomicName>
Orchymont, 1937 15
<taxonomicName id="2D2E37E84476934CA3924223F6A863C6" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Omicrogiton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omicrogiton hainanensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hainanensis">Omicrogiton hainanensis</taxonomicName>
sp. n., holotype 16
<taxonomicName id="ECB93ACBDFCEEBA6FE86D95960865A5B" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Omicrogiton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omicrogiton roberti" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="roberti">Omicrogiton roberti</taxonomicName>
sp. n., holotype 17-18
<taxonomicName id="24500C03D3659A0F81AF263D6AF3C2AB" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Omicrogiton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omicrogiton coomani" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coomani">Omicrogiton coomani</taxonomicName>
Balfour-Browne, 1939 (17 lectotype; 18 non-type specimen from China) 19
<taxonomicName id="0DE175D1BF262E2CC6E43A838BE389F9" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Omicrogiton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omicrogiton insularis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="insularis">Omicrogiton insularis</taxonomicName>
Orchymont, 1919, specimen from Sarawak 20
<taxonomicName id="E43331F64C14A2E69689097582740B04" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Mircogioton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mircogioton coomani" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coomani">Mircogioton coomani</taxonomicName>
Orchymont, 1937, Chinese specimen 21-22
<taxonomicName id="03A501694F5B7E8F82E24FEB4F73044C" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peratogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peratogonus reversus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reversus">Peratogonus reversus</taxonomicName>
Sharp, 1884 (21 syntype 22 specimen from China).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="028B17CD4A3E4DFF597A127FD12CD3C5" pageId="10" pageNumber="109" type="differential diagnosis">
<paragraph id="BE0E19C8192639158498CBDCB91B1E2C" pageId="10" pageNumber="109">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9464355F9EB9F8739466187BA2F0DB7D" pageId="10" pageNumber="109">
This species can be easily distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="A81399969DCB299A319C50EA39948703" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peratogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peratogonus grandis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis">Peratogonus grandis</taxonomicName>
Malcolm, 1981 occurring in India (Sikkim) by punctures on the lateral portion of the metaventrite much deeper and larger than medially. From
<taxonomicName id="E8CE2BE1096D33531EE3CDA2D5CC8ED8" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peratogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peratogonus corporaali" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="corporaali">Peratogonus corporaali</taxonomicName>
Orchymont, 1926 occurring in Indonesia (Java), it may be distinguished by pronotum with distinct microsculpture between punctures, elytra with striae 6-10 not reaching elytral base (stria 8 almost reaching base, striae 9-10 reaching base in
<taxonomicName id="4FBBD5004B503CA3CED808A1DDE82565" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peratogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peratogonus corporaali" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="corporaali">Peratogonus corporaali</taxonomicName>
), elytral intervals with distinct punctures, flat mesoventral plate, and metaventrite with coaser and sparser punctures medially.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7AF5ACC2F994036D98AACC67441DB5A6" pageId="10" pageNumber="109" type="remark">
<paragraph id="8DF1088632D2F87AAEB0E5243DADBB76" pageId="10" pageNumber="109">Remark.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2585261888F8006C79561B34D4E2C26F" pageId="10" pageNumber="109">
This species was firstly described from Nagasaki, Kyushu in southern Japan by
<bibRefCitation id="92EE1B60EB5BB4DCC5FAEC2BBA33D364" pageId="10" pageNumber="109">Sharp (1884)</bibRefCitation>
. It was subsequently reported from Taiwan by
<bibRefCitation id="BFE864405A892153467510BC821BC392" author="Knisch, A" journalOrPublisher="Archiv fuer Naturgeschichte" pageId="11" pageNumber="110" pagination="55 - 88" title="Die exotischen Hydrophiliden des Deutschen Entomologischen Museums (Col.)." volume="85" year="1921">Knisch (1921)</bibRefCitation>
. The comparison of the specimens from Taiwan and southern continental China revealed that they are identical with those from Japan.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5EF3066F3DF7D61CCE92515D61A0FADD" pageId="10" pageNumber="109">
When
<bibRefCitation id="E33AA62DC8AAA5381BB61246645792AC" author="Malcolm, SE" journalOrPublisher="Pan-Pacific Entomologist" pageId="11" pageNumber="110" pagination="260 - 268" title="Some Omicrini from the Oriental and Pacific regions (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Sphaeridiinae)." volume="57" year="1981">Malcolm (1981)</bibRefCitation>
described
<taxonomicName id="954168C811CCB6591BC113BA60D11A52" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peratogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peratogonus grandis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis">Peratogonus grandis</taxonomicName>
Malcolm, 1981, he diagnosed it from
<taxonomicName id="1BF6F297D113C6E1DD15D6944DAF1F88" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peratogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peratogonus reversus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reversus">Peratogonus reversus</taxonomicName>
by the different body size (2.21
<normalizedToken id="82D114C205328445121D160A4D0EC17A" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.64 mm in
<taxonomicName id="346C68D7F5DC360EB87AFB6331717D43" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peratogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peratogonus grandis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grandis">Peratogonus grandis</taxonomicName>
versus 1.72
<normalizedToken id="A80432B53903C9258BFE50D4D927B57C" originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.31 in
<taxonomicName id="B3D5E968DD9F6F7F08F39EA2F2963F15" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peratogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peratogonus reversus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reversus">Peratogonus reversus</taxonomicName>
) and by the shallower and smaller punctures on lateral portion of the metaventrite. The material examined by us revealed that the specimen of
<taxonomicName id="512D5397609BB1E70D0899220496C9D1" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Peratogonus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Peratogonus reversus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reversus">Peratogonus reversus</taxonomicName>
examined by
<bibRefCitation id="83CE30834375DE9EAD65222F747482B4" author="Malcolm, SE" journalOrPublisher="Pan-Pacific Entomologist" pageId="11" pageNumber="110" pagination="260 - 268" title="Some Omicrini from the Oriental and Pacific regions (Coleoptera: Hydrophilidae: Sphaeridiinae)." volume="57" year="1981">Malcolm (1981)</bibRefCitation>
was smaller than its individuals usually are (i.e. body length 1.9-2.2 mm). Therefore, the body size can not be used as a reliable character to distinguish the two species, in contrast to the punctation of the metaventrite, which seems to be a reliable character to distinguish the two species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C7E87BF7B2858762D21A9FE164B56C6F" pageId="10" pageNumber="109" type="biology">
<paragraph id="A73E8BE3739EC7AAF9FCB477940C4C85" pageId="10" pageNumber="109">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BA8FB83F76A9FD289A8AF0F02999350C" pageId="10" pageNumber="109">Most specimens examined here were found by sifting forest leaf litter.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9FB65740EC2D823F9ED6888CD022EFE3" pageId="10" pageNumber="109" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="0662FE72C6FE79939872B1A72598DCA9" pageId="10" pageNumber="109">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="927C729F3AD3E1AD48913BF2520D854E" pageId="10" pageNumber="109">China (Guangdong, Jiangxi, Taiwan), Japan (Honshu, Kyushu). New genus and species for mailand China.</paragraph>
<caption id="6944A3895CDE1DB9F66058F48B1FB637" pageId="10" pageNumber="109">
<paragraph id="7E2150804B4E6051478ED3E988D726F8" pageId="10" pageNumber="109">
Figures 23-24. Examples of habitats of Chinese
<taxonomicName id="F42632C280C9A560900C35EC30FF009B" class="Insecta" family="Hydrophilidae" genus="Omicrogiton" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Omicrogiton" order="Coleoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="109" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Omicrogiton</taxonomicName>
Orchymont, 1919.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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