190 lines
20 KiB
XML
190 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.55.11482" ID-GBIF-Dataset="310c95ad-8bf1-4955-acfb-c1368c0222a7" ID-GBIF-Taxon="128834697" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-55-139" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFF5667EAD5E7A6FFFEC2B6CFFB7D800" ID-ZBK="0E1B0A14F8714CD89F2910B255677621" ID-Zenodo-Dep="575140" ID-ZooBank="0E1B0A14F8714CD89F2910B255677621" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:DD89153A-F762-43D6-80DE-B823E00EC907" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1314-2607-55-139" ModsDocOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 55" ModsDocTitle="Biting the bullet: revisionary notes on the Oraseminae of the Old World (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eucharitidae)" checkinTime="1493464749952" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Burks, Roger A., Heraty, John M., Mottern, Jason, Dominguez, Chrysalyn & Heacox, Scott" docDate="2017" docId="AE1728788E749D5DA71EF101C44C8181" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 55: 139-188" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 55" docPubDate="2017-04-28" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.55.11482" docTitle="Ivieosema confluens Burks 2017, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="DD89153A-F762-43D6-80DE-B823E00EC907" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="FFF5667EAD5E7A6FFFEC2B6CFFB7D800" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="165" masterDocId="FFF5667EAD5E7A6FFFEC2B6CFFB7D800" masterDocTitle="Biting the bullet: revisionary notes on the Oraseminae of the Old World (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eucharitidae)" masterLastPageNumber="188" masterPageNumber="139" pageId="24" pageNumber="163" updateTime="1643484763995" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Biting the bullet: revisionary notes on the Oraseminae of the Old World (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eucharitidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Burks, Roger A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Heraty, John M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">john.heraty@ucr.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Mottern, Jason</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521 & USDA Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Dominguez, Chrysalyn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Heacox, Scott</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2017-04-28</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>55</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>139</mods:start>
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<mods:end>188</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.55.11482</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.55.11482</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2607-55-139</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">0E1B0A14F8714CD89F2910B255677621</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FFF5667EAD5E7A6FFFEC2B6CFFB7D800</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">575140</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="128834697" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:DD89153A-F762-43D6-80DE-B823E00EC907" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AE1728788E749D5DA71EF101C44C8181" lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="165" pageId="24" pageNumber="163">
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<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="163" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="163">
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/DD89153A-F762-43D6-80DE-B823E00EC907" authority="Burks" authorityName="Burks" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Ivieosema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ivieosema confluens" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="confluens" status="sp. n.">Ivieosema confluens Burks</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="24" pageNumber="163">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 38–43" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figures 38 - 43. Ivieosema confluens. Paratype female: 38 head and mesosoma, lateral 39 head, anterior 40 antenna, medial 41 mesosoma, lateral 42 mesosoma, dorsal 43 mesosoma, posterior. dfd = dorsal frontal depression; F 1 / an = anellus; lg = longitudinal groove; sod = subocellar depression; tsa = transscutal articulation." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.55.11482.figures38-43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/134110" pageId="24" pageNumber="163">Figs 38-43</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 44–48" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 44 - 48. Ivieosema confluens. Paratype female: 44 fore wing 45 metasoma, lateral, lateral view of ovipositor in top left corner. Holotype male: 46 habitus, lateral 47 head, anterior 48 antennae, dorsal. dv = dorsal (2 nd) valvula, F 1 / an = anellus; vv = ventral (1 st) valvula." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.55.11482.figures44-48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/134113" pageId="24" pageNumber="163">, 44-48</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="163" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="163">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="163">Latin noun meaning "a place where rivers meet," referring to the mesosomal surface sculpture.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="24" pageNumber="163" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="163">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="163">
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Recognized from other
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Burks & Heraty & Mottern & Dominguez & Heacox" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Orasema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orasema" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="163">Orasema</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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and African
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<taxonomicName authority="Heraty & Burks, 2017" authorityName="Heraty & Burks" authorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Ivieosema" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ivieosema" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="163">Ivieosema</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the fore wing lacking setae and with a medial longitudinal fold. Distinguished from
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<taxonomicName genus="I." lsidName="I. limulus" pageId="24" pageNumber="163" rank="species" species="limulus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="163">I. limulus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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by the smooth face, frons with 2 depressions between eye and antennal scrobe (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 38–43" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figures 38 - 43. Ivieosema confluens. Paratype female: 38 head and mesosoma, lateral 39 head, anterior 40 antenna, medial 41 mesosoma, lateral 42 mesosoma, dorsal 43 mesosoma, posterior. dfd = dorsal frontal depression; F 1 / an = anellus; lg = longitudinal groove; sod = subocellar depression; tsa = transscutal articulation." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.55.11482.figures38-43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/134110" pageId="24" pageNumber="163">39</figureCitation>
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), and the basal gastral tergite with a laterally carinate median longitudinal depression extending the equivalent length of the petiole.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="165" pageId="24" pageNumber="163" type="female">
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="163">Female.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="163">Length 2.8 mm. Head and mesosoma dark brown. Scape, pedicel, and anellus light brown, rest of flagellum darker brown. Coxae, trochanters, most of femora and last tarsomere dark brown; femoral apices, tibiae and tarsi pale white yellow with last tarsomere brown. Fore wing venation glossy and brown. Gaster brown.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="163">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="163">Head</emphasis>
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(Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 38–43" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figures 38 - 43. Ivieosema confluens. Paratype female: 38 head and mesosoma, lateral 39 head, anterior 40 antenna, medial 41 mesosoma, lateral 42 mesosoma, dorsal 43 mesosoma, posterior. dfd = dorsal frontal depression; F 1 / an = anellus; lg = longitudinal groove; sod = subocellar depression; tsa = transscutal articulation." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.55.11482.figures38-43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/134110" pageId="24" pageNumber="163">39-40</figureCitation>
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) broadly subtriangular, 1.4
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as broad as long. Face flat and smooth; scrobal depression broad and shallow, extending laterally well beyond toruli and forming a single dorsal frontal depression (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 38–43" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figures 38 - 43. Ivieosema confluens. Paratype female: 38 head and mesosoma, lateral 39 head, anterior 40 antenna, medial 41 mesosoma, lateral 42 mesosoma, dorsal 43 mesosoma, posterior. dfd = dorsal frontal depression; F 1 / an = anellus; lg = longitudinal groove; sod = subocellar depression; tsa = transscutal articulation." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.55.11482.figures38-43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/134110" pageId="24" pageNumber="163">39</figureCitation>
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, dfd); lower frons with a vague longitudinal groove; scrobal area with a single medial large pit just below median ocellus; supraclypeal area smooth, clypeus with shallow transverse sculpture, anterior tentorial pits very deep and broad, anteclypeus short laterally and absent medially; scrobal depression shallow and hardly evident; vertex not carinate. Labrum with 4 digits. Maxillary and labial palps absent. Mandibular formula 3:2, mandibles small but falcate. Flagellum 1.0
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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head height, 7 funiculars; anellus longer than broad (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 38–43" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figures 38 - 43. Ivieosema confluens. Paratype female: 38 head and mesosoma, lateral 39 head, anterior 40 antenna, medial 41 mesosoma, lateral 42 mesosoma, dorsal 43 mesosoma, posterior. dfd = dorsal frontal depression; F 1 / an = anellus; lg = longitudinal groove; sod = subocellar depression; tsa = transscutal articulation." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.55.11482.figures38-43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/134110" pageId="24" pageNumber="163">40</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 1–6" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figures 1 - 6. Australosema politurae. Paratype female: 1 habitus, lateral 2 head, anterior 3 antennae, ventral 4 mesosoma, dorsal 5 propodeum and petiole, oblique dorsal. Paratype male: 6 antennae, lateral. acl = anteclypeus; acr = acrosternite; acs = antecostal sulcus; apc = anterior petiolar carina; ax = axilla; cal = callus; cly = clypeus; F = flagellomere; fr = frons; Fu = funicular; F 1 / an = anellus; llm = mesoscutal lateral lobe; lpr = lateral propodeal disc; mlm = mesoscutal midlobe; mpr = median propodeal disc; pet = petiole; not = notauli; scd = scutellar disc." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.55.11482.figures1-6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/134091" pageId="24" pageNumber="163">F1</figureCitation>
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); F2 1.7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as broad, 1.1
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as F3.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="26" lastPageNumber="165" pageId="24" pageNumber="163">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="163">Mesosoma</emphasis>
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(Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 38–43" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figures 38 - 43. Ivieosema confluens. Paratype female: 38 head and mesosoma, lateral 39 head, anterior 40 antenna, medial 41 mesosoma, lateral 42 mesosoma, dorsal 43 mesosoma, posterior. dfd = dorsal frontal depression; F 1 / an = anellus; lg = longitudinal groove; sod = subocellar depression; tsa = transscutal articulation." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.55.11482.figures38-43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/134110" pageId="24" pageNumber="163">41</figureCitation>
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-
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 44–48" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 44 - 48. Ivieosema confluens. Paratype female: 44 fore wing 45 metasoma, lateral, lateral view of ovipositor in top left corner. Holotype male: 46 habitus, lateral 47 head, anterior 48 antennae, dorsal. dv = dorsal (2 nd) valvula, F 1 / an = anellus; vv = ventral (1 st) valvula." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.55.11482.figures44-48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/134113" pageId="24" pageNumber="163">44</figureCitation>
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). Mesoscutal midlobe finely reticulate, lateral lobe mostly coriaceous, notauli very shallow and with vague margins; transscutal articulation represented only by a vague depression medially (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 38–43" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figures 38 - 43. Ivieosema confluens. Paratype female: 38 head and mesosoma, lateral 39 head, anterior 40 antenna, medial 41 mesosoma, lateral 42 mesosoma, dorsal 43 mesosoma, posterior. dfd = dorsal frontal depression; F 1 / an = anellus; lg = longitudinal groove; sod = subocellar depression; tsa = transscutal articulation." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.55.11482.figures38-43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/134110" pageId="24" pageNumber="163">42</figureCitation>
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, tsa). Axilla anteriorly reticulate, posteriorly longitudinally striate; mesoscutellum and axillula finely longitudinally striate; frenal line as a smooth raised strip. Metascutellum protruding, not separated from rest of metanotum. Mesepisternum reticulate dorsally, smooth ventrally, forming a short rounded horizontal area anterior to mesocoxae; mesepimeron reticulate, without
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<pageBreakToken pageId="25" pageNumber="164" start="start">transepimeral</pageBreakToken>
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sulcus. Propodeum finely reticulate, callus bare and smooth to shallowly reticulate. Metacoxa smooth. Fore wing 2.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as broad; slightly infuscate along cubital fold and posterior to marginal and submarginal veins, and between the oblique folds in the speculum; venation with only a few tiny setae, including on submarginal vein; costal cell bare; basal cell bare; speculum present, with two oblique folds (Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 44–48" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 44 - 48. Ivieosema confluens. Paratype female: 44 fore wing 45 metasoma, lateral, lateral view of ovipositor in top left corner. Holotype male: 46 habitus, lateral 47 head, anterior 48 antennae, dorsal. dv = dorsal (2 nd) valvula, F 1 / an = anellus; vv = ventral (1 st) valvula." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.55.11482.figures44-48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/134113" pageId="25" pageNumber="164">44</figureCitation>
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, fold) that converge towards stigma and basal fold; marginal vein very thick basally and
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<pageBreakToken pageId="26" pageNumber="165" start="start">narrowing</pageBreakToken>
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apically, not separate from wing margin at base of stigmal vein; stigmal vein 4.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as broad, without an uncus; postmarginal vein absent; cubital and subcubital folds bare; marginal fringe absent. Hind wing costal cell bare.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="165">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="165">Metasoma</emphasis>
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(Fig.
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 44–48" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 44 - 48. Ivieosema confluens. Paratype female: 44 fore wing 45 metasoma, lateral, lateral view of ovipositor in top left corner. Holotype male: 46 habitus, lateral 47 head, anterior 48 antennae, dorsal. dv = dorsal (2 nd) valvula, F 1 / an = anellus; vv = ventral (1 st) valvula." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.55.11482.figures44-48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/134113" pageId="26" pageNumber="165">45</figureCitation>
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). Petiole 1.7
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as broad, 0.9
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as metacoxa, longitudinally shallowly rugose-reticulate. Gt1 with a deep longitudinal median depression with carinate lateral margins equal to length of petiole; shallower smooth depression present on Gt2. Antecostal sulcus of Gs1 smooth, very shallow medially; acrosternite swollen and with shallow irregular sculpture; posterior Gs1 smooth to finely punctate. Cercus with all setae subequal in length. Hypopygium with a few small subapical setae laterally. Ovipositor dorsal valve with 9 annuli, including a basal annulus that is broadly separated from the rest; ventral valve with 5-6 lateral teeth and with transverse carina basal to toothed apex.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="165" type="male">
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<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="165">Male</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="165">
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(Figs
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 44–48" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figures 44 - 48. Ivieosema confluens. Paratype female: 44 fore wing 45 metasoma, lateral, lateral view of ovipositor in top left corner. Holotype male: 46 habitus, lateral 47 head, anterior 48 antennae, dorsal. dv = dorsal (2 nd) valvula, F 1 / an = anellus; vv = ventral (1 st) valvula." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.55.11482.figures44-48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/134113" pageId="26" pageNumber="165">46-48</figureCitation>
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). Length 2.5 mm. Antennal flagellum densely covered with long decumbent setae, with only a few longitudinal sensilla extending beyond funicular apices; F7 shorter than F6 and F8; entire antenna brown. Petiole 1.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as broad, 2.5
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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as long as metacoxa. Gaster with broad, striate longitudinal depression on Gt1. Digitus with 6 spines; parameres present.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="165" type="holotype">
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<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="165">Holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="165">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="165">Madagascar: Toliara Prov.</emphasis>
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: 18 km NNW Betroke, 825m,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="23" direction="south" minutes="09" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="48" value="-23.163334">23°09'48"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="45" direction="east" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="07" value="45.968613">45°58'07"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 24.x-4.xii.1994, M.A.Ivie & D.A.Pollock, FIT [1♂, UNMO: UCRCENT00435300], deposited in TMP.
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="165">Paratype: Madagascar: Toliara Prov.</emphasis>
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: Tsimanampetsotsa National Park, Mitoho Forest, 120m,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="24" direction="south" minutes="02" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="55" value="-24.04861">24°02'55"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="43" direction="east" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="08" value="43.752224">43°45'08"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 24-29.x.2008, M. Irwin & R.
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Harin’Hala">Harin'Hala</normalizedToken>
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, transitional forest, Malaise trap [1♀, CASC: CASENT2022276].
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |