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<document id="E70CADC0D18210A4A5C234B80A360080" ID-CLB-Dataset="4110" ID-DOI="10.5852/ejt.2021.773.1517" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a5546d7c-09e9-4dd2-982b-e419c3f047e0" ID-ISSN="2118-9773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5542069" ID-ZooBank="C69631FE-E71B-4782-8399-1AD84527DA7E" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1633024733025" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Molina, Óscar S. &amp; Gil-Azevedo, Leonardo H." docDate="2021" docId="9D2E87F3FFA48042FDBAFE29FBEAFC62" docLanguage="en" docName="ejt-773_80-119.pdf" docOrigin="European Journal of Taxonomy 773" docStyle="DocumentStyle:EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911.14:EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleId="EF2B578F1D15862ADE45B0C07C620911" docStyleName="EJT.2018-.journal_article.type1" docStyleVersion="14" docTitle="Simulium (Obuchovia) Rubtsov 1947" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="105" masterDocId="6117FF8BFFB3805BFF8CFF9BFFC5FFA6" masterDocTitle="Simulium (Trichodagmia) (Diptera, Simuliidae) phylogeny revisited: the Neotropical and Afrotropical connection" masterLastPageNumber="119" masterPageNumber="80" pageNumber="103" updateTime="1699458273741" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:title id="F987975DB1FE8B8908A2280D10115B3B">Simulium (Trichodagmia) (Diptera, Simuliidae) phylogeny revisited: the Neotropical and Afrotropical connection</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E366D98448C245E8FEBF5CE014871EF0">Molina, Óscar S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1EF3391DA6C35763B017388F9D8A6D75">Instituto Oswaldo Cruz - IOC / Fiocruz, Laboratório de Simulídeos e Oncocercose (LSO / IOC- Fiocruz), Coleção de Simulídeos do IOC - CSIOC / Fiocruz, Referência Nacional em Simulídeos, Oncocercose e Mansonelose, Av. Brazil, 4.365, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="084F6E3C16C22DFBBB2092B68C66234B">Gil-Azevedo, Leonardo H.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="3A5621E3FE58B823BD65F73036641819">European Journal of Taxonomy</mods:title>
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<treatment id="9D2E87F3FFA48042FDBAFE29FBEAFC62" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5557603" ID-GBIF-Taxon="188591853" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5557603" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9D2E87F3FFA48042FDBAFE29FBEAFC62" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9D2E87F3FFA48042FDBAFE29FBEAFC62" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="105" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">
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<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFA4804CFDBAFE29FC38FE6A" ID-CoL="89ST9" authority="Rubtsov, 1947" authorityName="Rubtsov" authorityYear="1947" box="[566,1021,434,461]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Obuchovia">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFA4804CFDBAFE29FC88FE6A" bold="true" box="[566,845,434,461]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFA4804CFDBAFE29FD68FE6B" bold="true" box="[566,685,434,461]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">Simulium</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFA4804CFD33FE29FC86FE6B" bold="true" box="[703,835,434,461]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">Obuchovia</emphasis>
)
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<bibRefCitation id="71164B14FFA4804CFCD8FE29FC38FE6A" author="Rubtsov I. A." box="[852,1021,434,460]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103" pagination="87 - 117" refId="ref20689" refString="Rubtsov I. A. 1947. The composition, relationships, geographical distribution and probable origin of Turkestanian fauna of black-flies. Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR (Seria Biologicheskaya) 1: 87 - 117." type="journal article" year="1947">Rubtsov, 1947</bibRefCitation>
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<subSubSection id="5D9D656EFFA4804CFDADFE4EFBD7FE56" box="[545,1042,469,496]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103" type="description">
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<figureCitation id="8DBC2A60FFA4804CFDADFE4EFDAEFE56" box="[545,619,469,496]" captionStart="Figs 3–15" captionStartId="9.[189,241,1716,1742]" captionTargetBox="[207,1389,278,1665]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[189,1398,273,1669]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs 3–15. Females. 3–8. Thorax, dorsal view. 3–4. Simulium (Anasolen) Enderlein, 1930. 3. neireti Roubaud, 1905. 4. nili Gibbins, 1934. — 5. S. (Freemanellum) berghei Fain, 1949. — 6. S. (Hearlea) canadense Hearle, 1932. — 7. S. (Shewellomyia) pictipes Hagen, 1880. — 8. S. (Obuchovia) margaritae Rubtsov, 1956. — 9–15. Cibarium of females. 9–12. S. (Hemicnetha) Enderlein, 1934. 9. brachycladum Lutz &amp; Pinto, 1932. 10. cristalinum Coscarón &amp; Py-Daniel, 1989. 11. tarsatum Macquart, 1846. 12. pulverulentum Knab, 1915. — 13–15. S. (Trichodagmia) Enderlein, 1934. 13. lahillei (Paterson &amp; Shannon, 1927). 14. nigrimanum Macquart, 1838. 15. scutistriatum Lutz, 1909. Scale bars: 3–8 = 0.25 mm; 9–12, 14 = 0.05 mm; 13, 15 = 0.02 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5542075" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5542075/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">Figs 8</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="8DBC2A60FFA4804CFDF5FE4DFD5CFE56" box="[633,665,470,496]" captionStart="Figs 33–49" captionStartId="14.[189,242,1674,1700]" captionTargetBox="[250,1339,265,1632]" captionTargetId="figure-11@14.[247,1340,265,1633]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figs 33–49. Males. Ventral plate. 33–37. Simulium (Anasolen) Enderlein, 1930. 33. dentulosum Roubaud, 1915. 34. imerinae Roubaud, 1905. 35. kauntzeum Gibbins, 1938. 36. masabae Gibbins, 1934. 37. nili Gibbins, 1934. — 38. S. (Freemanellum) debegene De-Meillon, 1934. — 39– 40. S. (Hearlea) Vargas et al. 1946. 39. ayrozai Vargas, 1945. 40. larvispinosum De León, 1948. — 41–42. S. (Hemicnetha) Enderlein, 1934. 41. bricenoi Vargas et al., 1946. 42. tarsatum Macquart, 1846. — 43. S. (Shewellomyia) claricentrum Adler, 1990. — 44. S. (Obuchovia) galloprovinciale Giudicelli, 1963. — 45–47. S. (Trichodagmia) Enderlein, 1934. 45. itaunense D’Andretta &amp; Dolores González, 1964. 46. lahillei (Paterson &amp; Shannon, 1927). 47. scutistriatum Lutz, 1909. — 48–49. S. (Disculter) subgen. nov. 48. rivasi Ramírez-Pérez, 1971. 49. oviedoi Ramírez-Pérez, 1971. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5542079" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5542079/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">44</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="8DBC2A60FFA4804CFD29FE4EFD35FE56" box="[677,752,469,496]" captionStart="Figs 71–90" captionStartId="19.[189,242,1678,1704]" captionTargetBox="[244,1348,265,1639]" captionTargetId="figure-18@19.[239,1352,265,1641]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figs 71–90. Pupae. 71–75. Simulium (Anasolen) Enderlein, 1930. 71. ambositrae Grenier &amp; Grjebine, 1959. 72. dentulosum Roubaud, 1915. 73. imerinae Roubaud, 1905. 74. iphias De-Meillon, 1951. 75. nili Gibbins, 1934. — 76–77. S. (Freemanellum) Crosskey, 1969. 76. debegene De-Meillon, 1934. 77. manense Elsen &amp; Escaffre, 1976. — 78–79. S. (Hearlea) Vargas et al. 1946. 78. canadense Hearle, 1932. 79. capricorne De León, 1945. — 80–81. S. (Hemicnetha) Enderlein, 1934. 80. paynei Vargas, 1942. 81. rubrithorax Lutz, 1909. — 82–83. S (Shewellomyia) Peterson, 1975. 82. claricentrum Adler, 1990. 83. pictipes Hagen, 1880. — 84–85. S. (Obuchovia) Rubtsov, 1947. 84. albellum Rubtsov, 1947. 85. galloprovinciale Giudicelli, 1963. — 86–88. S. (Trichodagmia) Enderlein, 1934. 86. nigrimanum Macquart, 1838. 87. orbitale Lutz, 1910. 88. scutistriatum Lutz, 1909. — 89–90. S. (Disculter) subgen. nov. 89. rivasi Ramírez-Pérez, 1971. 90. oviedoi Ramírez-Pérez, 1971. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5542083" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5542083/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">84–85</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="8DBC2A60FFA4804CFD71FE4DFCEEFE56" box="[765,811,470,496]" captionStart="Figs 91–106" captionStartId="22.[189,242,1746,1772]" captionTargetBox="[193,1394,299,1678]" captionTargetId="figure-11@22.[189,1398,299,1678]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figs 91–106. Gills of pupae. 91–94. Simulium (Anasolen) Enderlein, 1930. 91. bisnovem Gibbins, 1938. 92. dentulosum Roubaud, 1915. 93. imerinae Roubaud, 1905. 94. masabae Gibbins, 1934. — 95– 97. S. (Freemanellum) Crosskey, 1969. 95. debegene De-Meillon, 1934. 96. manense Elsen &amp; Escaffre, 1976. 97. hessei Gibbins, 1941. — 98. S. (Hearlea) canadense Hearle, 1932. — 99–102. S. (Hemicnetha) Enderlein, 1934.99. cristalinum Coscarón &amp; Py-Daniel, 1989.100. earlei Vargaset al., 1946.101. paynei Vargas, 1942. 102. virgatum Coquillett, 1902. —103. S. (Obuchovia) galloprovinciale Giudicelli, 1963. — 104–106. S. (Trichodagmia) Enderlein, 1934. 104. nigrimanum Macquart, 1838. 105. hirtipupa Lutz, 1910. 106. scutistriatum Lutz, 1909. Scale bars: 91–104, 106 = 0.2 mm; 105 = 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5542085" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5542085/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">103</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="8DBC2A60FFA4804CFCBBFE4DFC65FE49" box="[823,928,469,496]" captionStart="Figs 107–127. 107–113" captionStartId="24.[189,242,1633,1659]" captionTargetBox="[258,1332,270,1587]" captionTargetId="figure-11@24.[244,1343,265,1594]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figs 107–127. 107–113. Larvas (last instar). 107–108. Simulium (Anasolen) Enderlein, 1930. 107. dentulosum Roubaud, 1915. 108. imerinae Roubaud, 1905. — 109. S. (Freemanellum) manense Elsen &amp; Escaffre, 1976. — 110. S. (Hearlea) canadense Hearle, 1932. —111. S. (Hemicnetha) paynei Vargas, 1942. — 112. S. (Shewellomyia) pictipes Hagen, 1880. —113. S. (Obuchovia) auricoma Meigen, 1818. — 114–126. Last instar larvae. Head, dorsal view. 114–118. S. (Anasolen). 114. ambositrae Grenier &amp; Grjebine, 1959. 115. dentulosum. 116. imerinae. 117. masabae Gibbins, 1934. 118. nili Gibbins, 1934. — 119–120. S. (Freemanellum). 119. manense. 120. hirsutilateris De-Meillon, 1937. — 121. S. (Hearlea) canadense. — 122–123. S. (Hemicnetha). 122. brachycladum Lutz &amp; Pinto, 1932. 123. paynei. — 124–125. S. (Shewellomyia). 124. claricentrum Adler, 1990. 125. pictipes. — 126. S. (Obuchovia) ibericum Crosskey &amp; Santos Grácio, 1985. — 127. Antenna of S. (Anasolen) ambositrae. Scale bars: 107–113 = 1 mm; 114–126 = 0.5 mm; 127 = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5542087" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5542087/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">113, 126</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="8DBC2A60FFA4804CFC27FE4DFC1FFE56" box="[939,986,470,496]" captionStart="Figs 128–149" captionStartId="26.[189,242,1640,1666]" captionTargetBox="[194,1394,487,1601]" captionTargetId="figure-76@26.[189,1398,483,1603]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Figs 128–149. Larva (last instar). Postgenal cleft. 128–131. Simulium (Anasolen) Enderlein, 1930. 128. ambositrae Grenier &amp; Grjebine, 1959. 129. dentulosum Roubaud, 1915. 130. imerinae Roubaud, 1905. 131. nili Gibbins, 1934. — 132–135. S. (Freemanellum) Crosskey, 1969. 132. berghei Fain, 1949. 133. hirsutilateris De-Meillon, 1937. 134. debegene De-Meillon, 1934. 135. manense Elsen &amp; Escaffre, 1976. — 136–139. S. (Hearlea) Vargas et al., 1946. 136. ayrozai Vargas, 1945. 137. canadense Hearle, 1932. 138. capricorne De León, 1945. 139. larvispinosum De León, 1948. — 140–143. S. (Hemicnetha) Enderlein, 1934. 140. bricenoi Vargas et al., 1946. 141. cristalinum Coscarón &amp; Py-Daniel, 1989. 142. paynei Vargas, 1942. 143. rubrithorax Lutz, 1909. — 144. S. (Obuchovia) galloprovinciale Giudicelli, 1963. —145–147. S. (Trichodagmia) Enderlein, 1934.145. hirtipupa Lutz, 1910.146. lahillei (Paterson &amp; Shannon, 1927). 147. nigrimanum Macquart, 1838. — 148–149. S. (Disculter) subgen. nov. 148. oviedoi Ramírez-Pérez, 1971. 149. rivasi Ramírez-Pérez, 1971. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5542089" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5542089/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">144</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="8DBC2A60FFA4804CFC6AFE4EFBD7FE56" box="[998,1042,469,496]" captionStart="Figs 150–157" captionStartId="31.[189,242,1807,1833]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,880,1766]" captionTargetId="figure-125@31.[189,1398,880,1766]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figs 150–157. Larva (last instar). Hypostoma. 150–151. Simulium (Anasolen) Enderlein, 1930. 150. ambositrae Grenier &amp; Grjebine, 1959. 151. nili Gibbins, 1934. — 152. S. (Freemanellum) manense Elsen &amp; Escaffre, 1976. — 153–154. S. (Hemicnetha) Enderlein, 1934. 153. brachycladum Lutz &amp; Pinto, 1932. 154. rubrithorax Lutz, 1909. — 155. S. (Obuchovia) galloprovinciale Giudicelli, 1963. — 156–157. S. (Trichodagmia) Enderlein, 1934. 156. hirtipupa Lutz, 1910. 157. lahillei (Paterson &amp; Shannon, 1927). Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5542091" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5542091/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">155</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5D9D656EFFA4804CFF31FD8CFD8DFB17" pageId="23" pageNumber="103" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="153836E5FFA4804CFF31FD8CFEE8FDF2" blockId="23.[189,1398,535,596]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFA4804CFF31FD8CFEFBFD97" box="[189,318,535,561]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">Obuchovia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="71164B14FFA4804CFEC4FD8CFDE7FD97" author="Rubtsov I. A." box="[328,546,535,561]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103" pagination="87 - 117" refId="ref20689" refString="Rubtsov I. A. 1947. The composition, relationships, geographical distribution and probable origin of Turkestanian fauna of black-flies. Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR (Seria Biologicheskaya) 1: 87 - 117." type="journal article" year="1947">Rubtsov, 1947: 90</bibRefCitation>
(as subgenus of
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFA4804CFD7EFD8CFCA4FD97" ID-CoL="8VTZ4" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[754,865,535,561]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFA4804CFD7EFD8CFCA4FD97" box="[754,865,535,561]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">Simulium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<typeStatus id="CA3C8847FFA4804CFCF7FD83FC70FD94" box="[891,949,536,562]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">Type</typeStatus>
species:
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFA4804CFBA4FD8CFEEDFDF2" ID-CoL="8DY9B" authority="Rubtsov, 1947" authorityName="Rubtsov" authorityYear="1947" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albellum">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFA4804CFBA4FD8CFAC3FD97" box="[1064,1286,535,561]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">Simulium albellum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="71164B14FFA4804CFA83FD8CFEEDFDF2" author="Rubtsov I. A." pageId="23" pageNumber="103" pagination="87 - 117" refId="ref20689" refString="Rubtsov I. A. 1947. The composition, relationships, geographical distribution and probable origin of Turkestanian fauna of black-flies. Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR (Seria Biologicheskaya) 1: 87 - 117." type="journal article" year="1947">Rubtsov, 1947</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="153836E5FFA4804CFF31FDE0FEDDFD33" blockId="23.[189,280,635,661]" box="[189,280,635,661]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">
<heading id="4E708189FFA4804CFF31FDE0FEDDFD33" bold="true" box="[189,280,635,661]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="103" reason="3">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFA4804CFF31FDE0FEDDFD33" bold="true" box="[189,280,635,661]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">Species</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="153836E5FFA4804CFF31FD31FDBDFD63" blockId="23.[189,716,682,1201]" box="[189,632,682,709]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFA4804CFF31FD31FDBDFD63" ID-CoL="8DY99" authority="(Rubtsov, 1956)" baseAuthorityName="Rubtsov" baseAuthorityYear="1956" box="[189,632,682,709]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adornatum">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFA4804CFF31FD31FE71FD62" box="[189,436,682,708]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">Simulium adornatum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="71164B14FFA4804CFE4FFD31FDB5FD63" author="Rubtsov I. A." box="[451,624,682,709]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103" pagination="6" refId="ref20726" refString="Rubtsov I. A. 1956. Blackflies (fam. Simuliidae). Fauna of the USSR New Series 2 nd Ed., 61 Diptera 6 (6), Academy of Science, USSR, Moscow and Leningrad. [Translated from Russian in 1989 by Amerind Publication, Delhi, India.]" type="journal article" year="1956">Rubtsov, 1956</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="153836E5FFA4804CFF31FD55FE37FD41" blockId="23.[189,716,682,1201]" box="[189,498,717,744]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFA4804CFF31FD55FE37FD41" ID-CoL="8DY9B" authority="Rubtsov, 1947" authorityName="Rubtsov" authorityYear="1947" box="[189,498,717,744]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="albellum">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFA4804CFF31FD55FE84FD41" box="[189,321,717,744]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">S. albellum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="71164B14FFA4804CFEC4FD56FE37FD41" author="Rubtsov I. A." box="[328,498,717,743]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103" pagination="87 - 117" refId="ref20689" refString="Rubtsov I. A. 1947. The composition, relationships, geographical distribution and probable origin of Turkestanian fauna of black-flies. Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR (Seria Biologicheskaya) 1: 87 - 117." type="journal article" year="1947">Rubtsov, 1947</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="153836E5FFA4804CFF31FD6AFE30FCAD" blockId="23.[189,716,682,1201]" box="[189,501,752,779]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFA4804CFF31FD6AFE30FCAD" ID-CoL="8DY9C" authority="Meigen, 1818" authorityName="Meigen" authorityYear="1818" box="[189,501,752,779]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auricoma">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFA4804CFF31FD6AFE8FFCAC" box="[189,330,753,779]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">S. auricoma</emphasis>
Meigen, 1818
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="153836E5FFA4804CFF31FC8FFDCCFC88" blockId="23.[189,716,682,1201]" box="[189,521,788,814]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFA4804CFF31FC8FFDCCFC88" ID-CoL="8DY9D" authority="Rubtsov, 1940" authorityName="Rubtsov" authorityYear="1940" box="[189,521,788,814]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="biseriatum">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFA4804CFF31FC8FFE92FC88" box="[189,343,788,814]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">S. biseriatum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="71164B14FFA4804CFED3FC8FFDCCFC88" author="Rubtsov I. A." box="[351,521,788,814]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103" pagination="6" refId="ref20650" refString="Rubtsov I. A. 1940. Blackflies (fam. Simuliidae). Fauna of the USSR. New Series 23, Insects. Diptera 6 (6), Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Moscow and Leningrad." type="journal article" year="1940">Rubtsov, 1940</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="153836E5FFA4804CFF31FCACFE38FCF4" blockId="23.[189,716,682,1201]" box="[189,509,823,850]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFA4804CFF31FCACFE38FCF4" ID-CoL="8DY9F" authority="(Rubtsov, 1956)" baseAuthorityName="Rubtsov" baseAuthorityYear="1956" box="[189,509,823,850]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevifile">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFA4804CFF31FCACFEFCFCF7" box="[189,313,823,849]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">S. brevifile</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="71164B14FFA4804CFEC5FCACFE30FCF4" author="Rubtsov I. A." box="[329,501,823,850]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103" pagination="6" refId="ref20726" refString="Rubtsov I. A. 1956. Blackflies (fam. Simuliidae). Fauna of the USSR New Series 2 nd Ed., 61 Diptera 6 (6), Academy of Science, USSR, Moscow and Leningrad. [Translated from Russian in 1989 by Amerind Publication, Delhi, India.]" type="journal article" year="1956">Rubtsov, 1956</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="153836E5FFA4804CFF31FCC0FD68FCD3" blockId="23.[189,716,682,1201]" box="[189,685,858,885]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFA4804CFF31FCC0FD68FCD3" ID-CoL="8DY9G" authority="(Rivosecchi &amp; Cardinali, 1975)" baseAuthorityName="Rivosecchi &amp; Cardinali" baseAuthorityYear="1975" box="[189,685,858,885]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="continii">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFA4804CFF31FCC0FEF1FCD2" box="[189,308,859,885]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">S. continii</emphasis>
(Rivosecchi &amp; Cardinali, 1975)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="153836E5FFA4804CFF31FCE5FE31FC3E" blockId="23.[189,716,682,1201]" box="[189,500,893,920]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFA4804CFF31FCE5FE31FC3E" ID-CoL="8DY9H" authority="(Rubtsov, 1976)" baseAuthorityName="Rubtsov" baseAuthorityYear="1976" box="[189,500,893,920]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="emiliae">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFA4804CFF31FCE5FEF5FC31" box="[189,304,893,920]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">S. emiliae</emphasis>
(Rubtsov, 1976)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="153836E5FFA4804CFF31FC3AFDA4FC1C" blockId="23.[189,716,682,1201]" box="[189,609,928,955]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFA4804CFF31FC3AFDA4FC1C" ID-CoL="8DY9J" authority="Giudicelli, 1963" authorityName="Giudicelli" authorityYear="1963" box="[189,609,928,955]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galloprovinciale">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFA4804CFF31FC3AFE5EFC1C" box="[189,411,928,955]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">S. galloprovinciale</emphasis>
Giudicelli, 1963
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="153836E5FFA4804CFF31FC5FFD09FC79" blockId="23.[189,716,682,1201]" box="[189,716,964,991]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFA4804CFF31FC5FFD09FC79" ID-CoL="8DY9K" authority="Crosskey &amp; Santos Gracio, 1985" authorityName="Crosskey &amp; Santos Gracio" authorityYear="1985" box="[189,716,964,991]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ibericum">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFA4804CFF31FC5FFE87FC78" box="[189,322,964,990]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">S. ibericum</emphasis>
Crosskey &amp; Santos Grácio, 1985
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="153836E5FFA4804CFF31FC7CFDEFFBA7" blockId="23.[189,716,682,1201]" box="[189,554,999,1025]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFA4804CFF31FC7CFDEFFBA7" ID-CoL="8DY9L" authority="(Panchenko, 1998)" baseAuthorityName="Panchenko" baseAuthorityYear="1998" box="[189,554,999,1025]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="karasuae">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFA4804CFF31FC7CFE83FBA7" box="[189,326,999,1025]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">S. karasuae</emphasis>
(Panchenko, 1998)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="153836E5FFA4804CFF31FB90FDE4FB83" blockId="23.[189,716,682,1201]" box="[189,545,1034,1061]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFA4804CFF31FB90FDE4FB83" ID-CoL="8DY9M" authority="(Rubtsov, 1956)" baseAuthorityName="Rubtsov" baseAuthorityYear="1956" box="[189,545,1034,1061]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaritae">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFA4804CFF31FB90FE98FB82" box="[189,349,1035,1061]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">S. margaritae</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="71164B14FFA4804CFEE0FB91FDDCFB83" author="Rubtsov I. A." box="[364,537,1034,1061]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103" pagination="6" refId="ref20726" refString="Rubtsov I. A. 1956. Blackflies (fam. Simuliidae). Fauna of the USSR New Series 2 nd Ed., 61 Diptera 6 (6), Academy of Science, USSR, Moscow and Leningrad. [Translated from Russian in 1989 by Amerind Publication, Delhi, India.]" type="journal article" year="1956">Rubtsov, 1956</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="153836E5FFA4804CFF31FBB5FD6BFBE1" blockId="23.[189,716,682,1201]" box="[189,686,1069,1096]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFA4804CFF31FBB5FD6BFBE1" ID-CoL="8DY9N" authority="Bouzidi &amp; Giudicelli, 1987" authorityName="Bouzidi &amp; Giudicelli" authorityYear="1987" box="[189,686,1069,1096]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="marocanum">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFA4804CFF31FBB5FEA0FBE1" box="[189,357,1070,1096]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">S. marocanum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="71164B14FFA4804CFEE1FBB6FD6BFBE1" author="Bouzidi A. &amp; Giudicelli J." box="[365,686,1069,1095]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103" pagination="185 - 195" refId="ref17412" refString="Bouzidi A. &amp; Giudicelli J. 1987. Contribution a l'etude faunistique et ecologique des simulies (Diptera, Simuliidae) du Maroc. II. Simulium (Obuchovia) marocanum n. sp. et les especes mediterraneennes d' Obuchovia Rubzov. Annales de Limnologie 23: 185 - 195. https: // doi. org / 10.1051 / limn / 1987017" type="journal article" year="1987">Bouzidi &amp; Giudicelli, 1987</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="153836E5FFA4804CFF31FBCAFE30FBCD" blockId="23.[189,716,682,1201]" box="[189,501,1104,1131]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFA4804CFF31FBCAFE30FBCD" ID-CoL="8DY9P" authority="Rubtsov, 1940" authorityName="Rubtsov" authorityYear="1940" box="[189,501,1104,1131]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="popowae">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFA4804CFF31FBCAFE81FBCC" box="[189,324,1105,1131]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">S. popowae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="71164B14FFA4804CFEC0FBCBFE30FBCD" author="Rubtsov I. A." box="[332,501,1104,1131]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103" pagination="6" refId="ref20650" refString="Rubtsov I. A. 1940. Blackflies (fam. Simuliidae). Fauna of the USSR. New Series 23, Insects. Diptera 6 (6), Akademiya Nauk SSSR, Moscow and Leningrad." type="journal article" year="1940">Rubtsov, 1940</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="153836E5FFA4804CFF31FBEFFDDDFB29" blockId="23.[189,716,682,1201]" box="[189,536,1140,1167]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFA4804CFF31FBEFFDDDFB29" authority="(Couvert, 1968)" baseAuthorityName="Couvert" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[189,536,1140,1167]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="segusinum">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFA4804CFF31FBEFFE93FB28" box="[189,342,1140,1166]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">S. segusinum</emphasis>
(Couvert, 1968)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="153836E5FFA4804CFF31FB0CFD8DFB17" blockId="23.[189,716,682,1201]" box="[189,584,1175,1201]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFA4804CFF31FB0CFD8DFB17" ID-CoL="8DY9S" authority="Enderlein, 1921" authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1921" box="[189,584,1175,1201]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="transcaspicum">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFA4804CFF31FB0CFE40FB17" box="[189,389,1175,1201]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">S. transcaspicum</emphasis>
Enderlein, 1921
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5D9D656EFFA48042FF31FB43FB52FDB0" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="105" pageId="23" pageNumber="103" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="153836E5FFA4804CFF31FB43FEF3FB54" blockId="23.[189,310,1240,1266]" box="[189,310,1240,1266]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">
<heading id="4E708189FFA4804CFF31FB43FEF3FB54" bold="true" box="[189,310,1240,1266]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="23" pageNumber="103" reason="3">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFA4804CFF31FB43FEF3FB54" bold="true" box="[189,310,1240,1266]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="153836E5FFA4804CFF66FA9CFE80FA87" blockId="23.[189,1398,1287,1454]" box="[234,325,1287,1313]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFA4804CFF66FA9CFE80FA87" bold="true" box="[234,325,1287,1313]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">Female</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="153836E5FFA4804CFF31FAB1FD3DFA08" blockId="23.[189,1398,1287,1454]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">
Scutum black to dark brown; scutal pattern present(
<figureCitation id="8DBC2A60FFA4804CFC8DFAB1FC87FAE2" box="[769,834,1322,1348]" captionStart="Figs 3–15" captionStartId="9.[189,241,1716,1742]" captionTargetBox="[207,1389,278,1665]" captionTargetId="figure-17@9.[189,1398,273,1669]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs 3–15. Females. 3–8. Thorax, dorsal view. 3–4. Simulium (Anasolen) Enderlein, 1930. 3. neireti Roubaud, 1905. 4. nili Gibbins, 1934. — 5. S. (Freemanellum) berghei Fain, 1949. — 6. S. (Hearlea) canadense Hearle, 1932. — 7. S. (Shewellomyia) pictipes Hagen, 1880. — 8. S. (Obuchovia) margaritae Rubtsov, 1956. — 9–15. Cibarium of females. 9–12. S. (Hemicnetha) Enderlein, 1934. 9. brachycladum Lutz &amp; Pinto, 1932. 10. cristalinum Coscarón &amp; Py-Daniel, 1989. 11. tarsatum Macquart, 1846. 12. pulverulentum Knab, 1915. — 13–15. S. (Trichodagmia) Enderlein, 1934. 13. lahillei (Paterson &amp; Shannon, 1927). 14. nigrimanum Macquart, 1838. 15. scutistriatum Lutz, 1909. Scale bars: 3–8 = 0.25 mm; 9–12, 14 = 0.05 mm; 13, 15 = 0.02 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5542075" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5542075/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">Fig.8</figureCitation>
)or absent(e.g.,
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFA4804CFC7FFAB1FB45FAE2" authorityName="Meigen" authorityYear="1818" box="[1011,1152,1322,1349]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auricoma">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFA4804CFC7FFAB1FBC7FAE2" box="[1011,1026,1322,1348]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFA4804CFB9CFAB0FB45FAE2" box="[1040,1152,1323,1348]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">auricoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFA4804CFB07FAB1FAA3FAE2" authorityName="Giudicelli" authorityYear="1963" box="[1163,1382,1322,1349]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galloprovinciale">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFA4804CFB07FAB1FB5FFAE2" box="[1163,1178,1322,1348]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFA4804CFB29FAB1FAA3FAE2" box="[1189,1382,1322,1348]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">galloprovinciale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Cibarium unpigmented anteromedially and unarmed. Tarsal claw without subbasal tooth. Hypoginial valves subtriangular, shorter than sternite VIII width, forwardly directed. Anal lobe subrectangular with ventral extension shorter than cercus base width.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="153836E5FFA4804CFF66FA4EFEEFFA49" blockId="23.[189,1399,1493,1660]" box="[234,298,1493,1519]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFA4804CFF66FA4EFEEFFA49" bold="true" box="[234,298,1493,1519]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">Male</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="153836E5FFA4804CFF31FA63FAB2F9DA" blockId="23.[189,1399,1493,1660]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">
Ventral plate two times longer than wide, rectangular, not notched; lateral shoulders not projected (
<figureCitation id="8DBC2A60FFA4804CFF4AF980FEE5F990" box="[198,288,1563,1590]" captionStart="Figs 33–49" captionStartId="14.[189,242,1674,1700]" captionTargetBox="[250,1339,265,1632]" captionTargetId="figure-11@14.[247,1340,265,1633]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figs 33–49. Males. Ventral plate. 33–37. Simulium (Anasolen) Enderlein, 1930. 33. dentulosum Roubaud, 1915. 34. imerinae Roubaud, 1905. 35. kauntzeum Gibbins, 1938. 36. masabae Gibbins, 1934. 37. nili Gibbins, 1934. — 38. S. (Freemanellum) debegene De-Meillon, 1934. — 39– 40. S. (Hearlea) Vargas et al. 1946. 39. ayrozai Vargas, 1945. 40. larvispinosum De León, 1948. — 41–42. S. (Hemicnetha) Enderlein, 1934. 41. bricenoi Vargas et al., 1946. 42. tarsatum Macquart, 1846. — 43. S. (Shewellomyia) claricentrum Adler, 1990. — 44. S. (Obuchovia) galloprovinciale Giudicelli, 1963. — 45–47. S. (Trichodagmia) Enderlein, 1934. 45. itaunense D’Andretta &amp; Dolores González, 1964. 46. lahillei (Paterson &amp; Shannon, 1927). 47. scutistriatum Lutz, 1909. — 48–49. S. (Disculter) subgen. nov. 48. rivasi Ramírez-Pérez, 1971. 49. oviedoi Ramírez-Pérez, 1971. Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5542079" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5542079/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
); posteromedial process absent. Gonocoxite wider than long, with base double in width than gonostylus width at their point of intersection. Gonostylus cylindrical, distinctly longer than gonocoxite, with blunt apex and without apical spurt. Parameres with both distinctly large and small accessory spines.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="153836E5FFA4804CFF66F93FFEEEF918" blockId="23.[189,1398,1700,1867]" box="[234,299,1700,1726]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFA4804CFF66F93FFEEEF918" bold="true" box="[234,299,1700,1726]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">Pupa</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="153836E5FFA4804CFF31F95CFA8BF8EC" blockId="23.[189,1398,1700,1867]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">
Cocoon aperture upward directed, separated from substratum, not corbicular (
<figureCitation id="8DBC2A60FFA4804CFBC5F95CFB17F947" box="[1097,1234,1734,1761]" captionStart="Figs 71–90" captionStartId="19.[189,242,1678,1704]" captionTargetBox="[244,1348,265,1639]" captionTargetId="figure-18@19.[239,1352,265,1641]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="Figs 71–90. Pupae. 71–75. Simulium (Anasolen) Enderlein, 1930. 71. ambositrae Grenier &amp; Grjebine, 1959. 72. dentulosum Roubaud, 1915. 73. imerinae Roubaud, 1905. 74. iphias De-Meillon, 1951. 75. nili Gibbins, 1934. — 76–77. S. (Freemanellum) Crosskey, 1969. 76. debegene De-Meillon, 1934. 77. manense Elsen &amp; Escaffre, 1976. — 78–79. S. (Hearlea) Vargas et al. 1946. 78. canadense Hearle, 1932. 79. capricorne De León, 1945. — 80–81. S. (Hemicnetha) Enderlein, 1934. 80. paynei Vargas, 1942. 81. rubrithorax Lutz, 1909. — 82–83. S (Shewellomyia) Peterson, 1975. 82. claricentrum Adler, 1990. 83. pictipes Hagen, 1880. — 84–85. S. (Obuchovia) Rubtsov, 1947. 84. albellum Rubtsov, 1947. 85. galloprovinciale Giudicelli, 1963. — 86–88. S. (Trichodagmia) Enderlein, 1934. 86. nigrimanum Macquart, 1838. 87. orbitale Lutz, 1910. 88. scutistriatum Lutz, 1909. — 89–90. S. (Disculter) subgen. nov. 89. rivasi Ramírez-Pérez, 1971. 90. oviedoi Ramírez-Pérez, 1971. Scale bars = 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5542083" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5542083/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">Figs 84–85</figureCitation>
). Gills shorter than pupal body with main trunk development and totally enclosed by cocoon anterior margin; with six filaments arranged in different planes (tridimensional); filaments flexible, cylindrical, with blunt apices concolorous with rest of gill; inferior branch multibranched (
<figureCitation id="8DBC2A60FFA4804CFC0BF8ABFC2BF8EC" box="[903,1006,1840,1866]" captionStart="Figs 91–106" captionStartId="22.[189,242,1746,1772]" captionTargetBox="[193,1394,299,1678]" captionTargetId="figure-11@22.[189,1398,299,1678]" captionTargetPageId="22" captionText="Figs 91–106. Gills of pupae. 91–94. Simulium (Anasolen) Enderlein, 1930. 91. bisnovem Gibbins, 1938. 92. dentulosum Roubaud, 1915. 93. imerinae Roubaud, 1905. 94. masabae Gibbins, 1934. — 95– 97. S. (Freemanellum) Crosskey, 1969. 95. debegene De-Meillon, 1934. 96. manense Elsen &amp; Escaffre, 1976. 97. hessei Gibbins, 1941. — 98. S. (Hearlea) canadense Hearle, 1932. — 99–102. S. (Hemicnetha) Enderlein, 1934.99. cristalinum Coscarón &amp; Py-Daniel, 1989.100. earlei Vargaset al., 1946.101. paynei Vargas, 1942. 102. virgatum Coquillett, 1902. —103. S. (Obuchovia) galloprovinciale Giudicelli, 1963. — 104–106. S. (Trichodagmia) Enderlein, 1934. 104. nigrimanum Macquart, 1838. 105. hirtipupa Lutz, 1910. 106. scutistriatum Lutz, 1909. Scale bars: 91–104, 106 = 0.2 mm; 105 = 0.05 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5542085" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5542085/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">Fig. 103</figureCitation>
). Thoracic trichomes simples.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="153836E5FFA48042FF66F8E9FB52FDB0" blockId="23.[189,1400,1905,2001]" lastBlockId="25.[188,1401,265,534]" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="105" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFA4804CFF66F8E9FE0AF82D" bold="true" box="[234,463,1905,1932]" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">Larva (last instar)</emphasis>
Cephalic apotome spots insertion area pigmented (
<figureCitation id="8DBC2A60FFA4804CFC80F80FFCB7F809" box="[780,882,1940,1967]" captionStart="Figs 107–127. 107–113" captionStartId="24.[189,242,1633,1659]" captionTargetBox="[258,1332,270,1587]" captionTargetId="figure-11@24.[244,1343,265,1594]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figs 107–127. 107–113. Larvas (last instar). 107–108. Simulium (Anasolen) Enderlein, 1930. 107. dentulosum Roubaud, 1915. 108. imerinae Roubaud, 1905. — 109. S. (Freemanellum) manense Elsen &amp; Escaffre, 1976. — 110. S. (Hearlea) canadense Hearle, 1932. —111. S. (Hemicnetha) paynei Vargas, 1942. — 112. S. (Shewellomyia) pictipes Hagen, 1880. —113. S. (Obuchovia) auricoma Meigen, 1818. — 114–126. Last instar larvae. Head, dorsal view. 114–118. S. (Anasolen). 114. ambositrae Grenier &amp; Grjebine, 1959. 115. dentulosum. 116. imerinae. 117. masabae Gibbins, 1934. 118. nili Gibbins, 1934. — 119–120. S. (Freemanellum). 119. manense. 120. hirsutilateris De-Meillon, 1937. — 121. S. (Hearlea) canadense. — 122–123. S. (Hemicnetha). 122. brachycladum Lutz &amp; Pinto, 1932. 123. paynei. — 124–125. S. (Shewellomyia). 124. claricentrum Adler, 1990. 125. pictipes. — 126. S. (Obuchovia) ibericum Crosskey &amp; Santos Grácio, 1985. — 127. Antenna of S. (Anasolen) ambositrae. Scale bars: 107–113 = 1 mm; 114–126 = 0.5 mm; 127 = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5542087" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5542087/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="103">Fig. 126</figureCitation>
). Postocciput not extended over the cervical sclerites.Antenna equal or shorter than labral fan stalk, without secondary annulations. Mandibles with preapical teeth shorter than apical tooth; two mandibular serrations of same (e.g.,
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFAA8042FBBCFE92FB00FE85" authorityName="Rubtsov" authorityYear="1947" box="[1072,1221,265,292]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="obuchovia">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAA8042FBBCFE92FBFAFE85" box="[1072,1087,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAA8042FBC1FE92FB00FE85" box="[1101,1221,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">obuchovia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFAA8042FB5DFE92FAA8FE85" baseAuthorityName="Rubtsov" baseAuthorityYear="1956" box="[1233,1389,265,292]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="margaritae">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAA8042FB5DFE92FB1AFE85" box="[1233,1247,265,291]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAA8042FB61FE91FAA8FE85" box="[1261,1389,266,291]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">margaritae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) or different sizes (e.g.,
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFAA8042FE55FEB7FDACFEE3" authorityName="Meigen" authorityYear="1818" box="[473,617,300,326]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auricoma">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAA8042FE55FEB7FE22FEE0" box="[473,487,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAA8042FE77FEB7FDACFEE3" box="[507,617,300,325]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">auricoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFAA8042FDF0FEB7FCC1FEE0" authorityName="Crosskey &amp; Santos Gracio" authorityYear="1985" box="[636,772,300,326]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ibericum">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAA8042FDF0FEB7FD4FFEE0" box="[636,650,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">S</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAA8042FD12FEB7FCC1FEE0" box="[670,772,300,326]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">ibericum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Postgenal cleft triangular; postgenal bridge length equal or less than hypostomal length (
<figureCitation id="8DBC2A60FFAA8042FDF0FED5FD27FECE" box="[636,738,334,360]" captionStart="Figs 128–149" captionStartId="26.[189,242,1640,1666]" captionTargetBox="[194,1394,487,1601]" captionTargetId="figure-76@26.[189,1398,483,1603]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="Figs 128–149. Larva (last instar). Postgenal cleft. 128–131. Simulium (Anasolen) Enderlein, 1930. 128. ambositrae Grenier &amp; Grjebine, 1959. 129. dentulosum Roubaud, 1915. 130. imerinae Roubaud, 1905. 131. nili Gibbins, 1934. — 132–135. S. (Freemanellum) Crosskey, 1969. 132. berghei Fain, 1949. 133. hirsutilateris De-Meillon, 1937. 134. debegene De-Meillon, 1934. 135. manense Elsen &amp; Escaffre, 1976. — 136–139. S. (Hearlea) Vargas et al., 1946. 136. ayrozai Vargas, 1945. 137. canadense Hearle, 1932. 138. capricorne De León, 1945. 139. larvispinosum De León, 1948. — 140–143. S. (Hemicnetha) Enderlein, 1934. 140. bricenoi Vargas et al., 1946. 141. cristalinum Coscarón &amp; Py-Daniel, 1989. 142. paynei Vargas, 1942. 143. rubrithorax Lutz, 1909. — 144. S. (Obuchovia) galloprovinciale Giudicelli, 1963. —145–147. S. (Trichodagmia) Enderlein, 1934.145. hirtipupa Lutz, 1910.146. lahillei (Paterson &amp; Shannon, 1927). 147. nigrimanum Macquart, 1838. — 148–149. S. (Disculter) subgen. nov. 148. oviedoi Ramírez-Pérez, 1971. 149. rivasi Ramírez-Pérez, 1971. Scale bars = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5542089" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5542089/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Fig. 144</figureCitation>
). Hypostomal anterior margin straight; hypostomal teeth extended beyond anterior margin of ventral wall of hypostoma (
<figureCitation id="8DBC2A60FFAA8042FC15FEEAFC3BFE2A" box="[921,1022,369,396]" captionStart="Figs 150–157" captionStartId="31.[189,242,1807,1833]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,880,1766]" captionTargetId="figure-125@31.[189,1398,880,1766]" captionTargetPageId="31" captionText="Figs 150–157. Larva (last instar). Hypostoma. 150–151. Simulium (Anasolen) Enderlein, 1930. 150. ambositrae Grenier &amp; Grjebine, 1959. 151. nili Gibbins, 1934. — 152. S. (Freemanellum) manense Elsen &amp; Escaffre, 1976. — 153–154. S. (Hemicnetha) Enderlein, 1934. 153. brachycladum Lutz &amp; Pinto, 1932. 154. rubrithorax Lutz, 1909. — 155. S. (Obuchovia) galloprovinciale Giudicelli, 1963. — 156–157. S. (Trichodagmia) Enderlein, 1934. 156. hirtipupa Lutz, 1910. 157. lahillei (Paterson &amp; Shannon, 1927). Scale bars = 0.1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5542091" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5542091/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Fig. 155</figureCitation>
); medial tooth longer than lateral teeth; lateral serrations well-developed, sharp; paralateral teeth present. Body surface glabrous. Abdomen gradually expanding posteroventrally to last segments, then abruptly contracting to circlet (
<figureCitation id="8DBC2A60FFAA8042FB46FE2DFAE8FE76" box="[1226,1325,438,464]" captionStart="Figs 107–127. 107–113" captionStartId="24.[189,242,1633,1659]" captionTargetBox="[258,1332,270,1587]" captionTargetId="figure-11@24.[244,1343,265,1594]" captionTargetPageId="24" captionText="Figs 107–127. 107–113. Larvas (last instar). 107–108. Simulium (Anasolen) Enderlein, 1930. 107. dentulosum Roubaud, 1915. 108. imerinae Roubaud, 1905. — 109. S. (Freemanellum) manense Elsen &amp; Escaffre, 1976. — 110. S. (Hearlea) canadense Hearle, 1932. —111. S. (Hemicnetha) paynei Vargas, 1942. — 112. S. (Shewellomyia) pictipes Hagen, 1880. —113. S. (Obuchovia) auricoma Meigen, 1818. — 114–126. Last instar larvae. Head, dorsal view. 114–118. S. (Anasolen). 114. ambositrae Grenier &amp; Grjebine, 1959. 115. dentulosum. 116. imerinae. 117. masabae Gibbins, 1934. 118. nili Gibbins, 1934. — 119–120. S. (Freemanellum). 119. manense. 120. hirsutilateris De-Meillon, 1937. — 121. S. (Hearlea) canadense. — 122–123. S. (Hemicnetha). 122. brachycladum Lutz &amp; Pinto, 1932. 123. paynei. — 124–125. S. (Shewellomyia). 124. claricentrum Adler, 1990. 125. pictipes. — 126. S. (Obuchovia) ibericum Crosskey &amp; Santos Grácio, 1985. — 127. Antenna of S. (Anasolen) ambositrae. Scale bars: 107–113 = 1 mm; 114–126 = 0.5 mm; 127 = 0.2 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5542087" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5542087/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Fig. 113</figureCitation>
). Anal sclerite no encircling base of posterior proleg. Posterior portion of abdomen without sclerotized accessory plates. Without 1+1 ventral tubercles. Rectal papillae with three multi-branched lobes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="41F8666DFFAB8043FF31F9FAFB8CF87A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5542087" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5542087" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5542087/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="104" startId="24.[189,242,1633,1659]" targetBox="[258,1332,270,1587]" targetPageId="24">
<paragraph id="153836E5FFAB8043FF31F9FAFB8CF87A" blockId="24.[187,1399,1633,2012]" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FF31F9FAFE29F9DD" bold="true" box="[189,492,1633,1659]" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">Figs 107–127. 107–113</emphasis>
. Larvas (last instar).
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FC9FF9FAFCBFF9DD" bold="true" box="[787,890,1633,1659]" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">107–108</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFAB8043FC18F9FAFAB7F9DD" authority="Enderlein, 1930" authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1930" box="[916,1394,1633,1660]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Anasolen">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FC18F9FAFBC6F9DD" box="[916,1027,1633,1659]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">Simulium</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FB93F9FAFB49F9DD" box="[1055,1164,1633,1659]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">Anasolen</emphasis>
)
<bibRefCitation id="71164B14FFAB8043FB24F9FAFAB7F9DD" author="Enderlein G." box="[1192,1394,1633,1659]" pageId="24" pageNumber="104" pagination="77 - 97" refId="ref18559" refString="Enderlein G. 1930. Der heutige Stand der Klassifikation der Simuliiden. Archiv fur Klassifikatorische und phylogenetische entomologie 1: 77 - 97." type="journal article" year="1930">Enderlein, 1930</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FF31F91FFF2CF938" bold="true" box="[189,233,1668,1694]" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">107</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFAB8043FF76F91FFD86F939" authority="Roubaud, 1915" authorityName="Roubaud" authorityYear="1915" box="[250,579,1668,1695]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentulosum">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FF76F91FFE44F938" box="[250,385,1668,1694]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">dentulosum</emphasis>
Roubaud, 1915
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FDDFF91FFDB8F938" bold="true" box="[595,637,1668,1694]" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">108</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFAB8043FD02F91EFC7DF939" authority="Roubaud, 1905" authorityName="Roubaud" authorityYear="1905" box="[654,952,1668,1695]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imerinae">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FD02F91EFD33F938" box="[654,758,1669,1694]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">imerinae</emphasis>
Roubaud, 1905
</taxonomicName>
. —
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FC63F91FFBDCF938" bold="true" box="[1007,1049,1668,1694]" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">109</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFAB8043FBA5F91EFE10F967" authority="Elsen &amp; Escaffre, 1976" authorityName="Elsen &amp; Escaffre" authorityYear="1976" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manense" subGenus="Freemanellum">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FBA5F91EFBFDF939" box="[1065,1080,1669,1695]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FBDFF91FFB38F938" box="[1107,1277,1668,1694]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">Freemanellum</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FA9CF91EFAB2F938" box="[1296,1399,1669,1694]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">manense</emphasis>
Elsen &amp; Escaffre, 1976
</taxonomicName>
. —
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FD85F93CFDF7F967" bold="true" box="[521,562,1703,1729]" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">110</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFAB8043FDCEF933FC38F964" authority="Hearle, 1932" authorityName="Hearle" authorityYear="1932" box="[578,1021,1703,1730]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canadense" subGenus="Hearlea">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FDCEF933FD94F964" box="[578,593,1704,1730]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FDE6F93CFD0FF967" box="[618,714,1703,1729]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">Hearlea</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FD51F93CFC9CF967" box="[733,857,1703,1729]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">canadense</emphasis>
Hearle, 1932
</taxonomicName>
. —
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FBABF93CFB95F967" bold="true" box="[1063,1104,1703,1729]" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">111</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFAB8043FBECF933FE92F943" authority="Vargas, 1942" authorityName="Vargas" authorityYear="1942" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paynei" subGenus="Hemicnetha">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FBECF933FBAAF964" box="[1120,1135,1704,1730]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FB04F93CFAD3F967" box="[1160,1302,1703,1729]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">Hemicnetha</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FAA4F933FAB3F967" box="[1320,1398,1704,1729]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">paynei</emphasis>
Vargas, 1942
</taxonomicName>
. —
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FE0DF950FE6EF943" bold="true" box="[385,427,1739,1765]" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">112</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFAB8043FE36F950FC4DF943" authority="Hagen, 1880" authorityName="Hagen" authorityYear="1880" box="[442,904,1739,1765]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pictipes" subGenus="Shewellomyia">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FE36F950FE15F943" box="[442,464,1739,1765]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">S.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FE53F950FD47F943" box="[479,642,1739,1765]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">Shewellomyia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FD1DF957FD29F943" box="[657,748,1740,1765]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">pictipes</emphasis>
Hagen, 1880
</taxonomicName>
. —
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FC3EF950FC19F943" bold="true" box="[946,988,1739,1765]" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">113</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFAB8043FC67F950FF3CF8AE" authority="Meigen, 1818" authorityName="Meigen" authorityYear="1818" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="auricoma" subGenus="Obuchovia">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FC67F950FC3FF943" box="[1003,1018,1739,1765]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FB9CF950FB54F943" box="[1040,1169,1739,1765]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">Obuchovia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FB2CF957FAD5F943" box="[1184,1296,1740,1765]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">auricoma</emphasis>
Meigen, 1818
</taxonomicName>
. —
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FEB9F975FE5FF8AE" bold="true" box="[309,410,1774,1800]" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">114–126</emphasis>
. Last instar larvae. Head, dorsal view.
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FC0AF975FC2FF8AE" bold="true" box="[902,1002,1774,1800]" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">114–118</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FC71F975FBD6F8AE" box="[1021,1043,1774,1800]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">S.</emphasis>
(
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFAB8043FBA6F975FB52F8AE" authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1930" box="[1066,1175,1774,1800]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Anasolen" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FBA6F975FB52F8AE" box="[1066,1175,1774,1800]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">Anasolen</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FB38F975FB1BF8AE" bold="true" box="[1204,1246,1774,1800]" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">114</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFAB8043FB7EF975FE3BF88A" authority="Grenier &amp; Grjebine, 1959" authorityName="Grenier &amp; Grjebine" authorityYear="1959" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ambositrae">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FB7EF975FAB3F8AE" box="[1266,1398,1774,1800]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">ambositrae</emphasis>
Grenier &amp; Grjebine, 1959
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FD82F88AFDFDF88D" bold="true" box="[526,568,1809,1835]" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">115</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFAB8043FDC0F88AFD16F88D" authorityName="Roubaud" authorityYear="1915" box="[588,723,1809,1835]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentulosum">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FDC0F88AFD16F88D" box="[588,723,1809,1835]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">dentulosum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FD6BF88AFCD4F88D" bold="true" box="[743,785,1809,1835]" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">116</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFAB8043FCA9F889FC48F88D" authorityName="Roubaud" authorityYear="1905" box="[805,909,1810,1835]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imerinae">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FCA9F889FC48F88D" box="[805,909,1810,1835]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">imerinae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FC2CF88AFC0FF88D" bold="true" box="[928,970,1809,1835]" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">117</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFAB8043FC52F88AFAC4F88D" authority="Gibbins, 1934" authorityName="Gibbins" authorityYear="1934" box="[990,1281,1809,1835]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masabae">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FC52F88AFB83F88D" box="[990,1094,1809,1835]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">masabae</emphasis>
Gibbins, 1934
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FA9DF88AFAFEF88D" bold="true" box="[1297,1339,1809,1835]" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">118</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFAB8043FAC3F88AFEAFF8E8" authority="Gibbins, 1934" authorityName="Gibbins" authorityYear="1934" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nili">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FAC3F88AFAB3F88D" box="[1359,1398,1809,1835]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">nili</emphasis>
Gibbins, 1934
</taxonomicName>
. —
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FE2CF8AFFDC0F8E8" bold="true" box="[416,517,1844,1870]" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">119–120</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FD9AF8AEFDE0F8E9" box="[534,549,1845,1871]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FDCCF8AFFD2FF8E8" box="[576,746,1844,1870]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">Freemanellum</emphasis>
).
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FC8AF8AFFCF5F8E8" bold="true" box="[774,816,1844,1870]" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">119</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFAB8043FCCEF8AEFC6CF8E8" authorityName="Elsen &amp; Escaffre" authorityYear="1976" box="[834,937,1845,1870]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manense">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FCCEF8AEFC6CF8E8" box="[834,937,1845,1870]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">manense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FC36F8AFFC23F8E8" bold="true" box="[954,998,1844,1870]" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">120</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFAB8043FC74F8AFFAB7F8E8" authority="De-Meillon, 1937" authorityName="De-Meillon" authorityYear="1937" box="[1016,1394,1844,1870]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hirsutilateris">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FC74F8AFFB55F8E8" box="[1016,1168,1844,1870]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">hirsutilateris</emphasis>
De-Meillon, 1937
</taxonomicName>
. —
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FF6BF8CCFED6F8D7" bold="true" box="[231,275,1879,1905]" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">121</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFAB8043FEA4F8C3FD8EF8D7" authorityName="Hearle" authorityYear="1932" box="[296,587,1879,1906]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canadense" subGenus="Hearlea">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FEA4F8C3FEF2F8D4" box="[296,311,1880,1906]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FED8F8CCFE71F8D7" box="[340,436,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">Hearlea</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FE47F8CCFD8EF8D7" box="[459,587,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">canadense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FDC7F8CCFDB0F8D7" box="[587,629,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">. —</emphasis>
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FD0EF8CCFD2DF8D7" bold="true" box="[642,744,1879,1905]" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">122–123</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FD71F8C3FCC9F8D4" box="[765,780,1880,1906]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">S</emphasis>
. (
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFAB8043FCA6F8CCFC7DF8D7" authorityName="Enderlein" authorityYear="1934" box="[810,952,1879,1905]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Hemicnetha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FCA6F8CCFC7DF8D7" box="[810,952,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">Hemicnetha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FC5AF8CCFBC7F8D7" bold="true" box="[982,1026,1879,1905]" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">122</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFAB8043FB9AF8CCFF3EF833" authority="Lutz &amp; Pinto, 1932" authorityName="Lutz &amp; Pinto" authorityYear="1932" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachycladum">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FB9AF8CCFB7BF8D7" box="[1046,1214,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">brachycladum</emphasis>
Lutz &amp; Pinto, 1932
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FE86F8E0FEF3F833" bold="true" box="[266,310,1915,1941]" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">123</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FEC4F8E7FE06F833" box="[328,451,1916,1941]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFAB8043FEC4F8E7FE5FF833" box="[328,410,1916,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paynei">paynei</taxonomicName>
. —
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FE42F8E0FDF0F833" bold="true" box="[462,565,1915,1941]" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">124–125</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FDCBF8E0FD93F833" box="[583,598,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FDFDF8E0FCD1F833" box="[625,788,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">Shewellomyia</emphasis>
).
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FCBCF8E0FC99F833" bold="true" box="[816,860,1915,1941]" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">124</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFAB8043FCE3F8E0FB67F833" authority="Adler, 1990" authorityName="Adler" authorityYear="1990" box="[879,1186,1915,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="claricentrum">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FCE3F8E0FBC2F833" box="[879,1031,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">claricentrum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="71164B14FFAB8043FB9CF8E0FB67F833" author="Adler P. H." box="[1040,1186,1915,1941]" pageId="24" pageNumber="104" pagination="431 - 443" refId="ref17290" refString="Adler P. H. 1990. Two new species of black flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) from North America. Proceedings of the Entomological Society of Washington 92: 431 - 443. Available from https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / part / 63957 [accessed 19 Aug. 2021]." type="journal article" year="1990">Adler, 1990</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FB3FF8E0FB18F833" bold="true" box="[1203,1245,1915,1941]" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">125</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FB63F8E7FAB3F833" box="[1263,1398,1916,1941]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFAB8043FB63F8E7FA8BF833" authorityName="Hagen" authorityYear="1880" box="[1263,1358,1916,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pictipes">pictipes</taxonomicName>
. —
</emphasis>
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FF31F805FF2CF81E" bold="true" box="[189,233,1950,1976]" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">126</emphasis>
.
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFAB8043FF70F805FC0CF81F" authority="Crosskey &amp; Santos Gracio, 1985" authorityName="Crosskey &amp; Santos Gracio" authorityYear="1985" box="[252,969,1950,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ibericum" subGenus="Obuchovia">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FF70F805FECEF81E" box="[252,267,1950,1976]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FEA4F805FE6CF81E" box="[296,425,1950,1976]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">Obuchovia</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FE32F805FDE3F81E" box="[446,550,1950,1976]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">ibericum</emphasis>
Crosskey &amp; Santos Grácio, 1985
</taxonomicName>
. —
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FB8DF805FBF1F81E" bold="true" box="[1025,1076,1950,1976]" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">127.</emphasis>
Antenna of
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFAB8043FB58F805FE84F87D" authorityName="Grenier &amp; Grjebine" authorityYear="1959" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ambositrae" subGenus="Anasolen">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FB58F805FB26F81E" box="[1236,1251,1950,1976]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">S</emphasis>
. (
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FB73F805FAA9F81E" box="[1279,1388,1950,1976]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">Anasolen</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FF31F85AFE84F87D" box="[189,321,1985,2011]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">ambositrae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAB8043FECDF859FE8DF87D" box="[321,328,1986,2011]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="104">.</emphasis>
Scale bars: 107–113 = 1 mm; 114–126 = 0.5 mm; 127 = 0.2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="5D9D656EFFAA8042FF31FDA6FC86FD01" pageId="25" pageNumber="105" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="153836E5FFAA8042FF31FDA6FEEAFDF1" blockId="25.[189,303,573,599]" box="[189,303,573,599]" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">
<heading id="4E708189FFAA8042FF31FDA6FEEAFDF1" bold="true" box="[189,303,573,599]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="25" pageNumber="105" reason="3">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAA8042FF31FDA6FEEAFDF1" bold="true" box="[189,303,573,599]" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Remarks</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="153836E5FFAA8042FF31FDF1FC86FD01" blockId="25.[189,1398,618,680]" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFAA8042FF31FDF1FE0DFD23" authority="" authorityName="Rubtsov" authorityYear="1947" box="[189,456,618,645]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Obuchovia">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAA8042FF31FDF1FEE9FD22" box="[189,300,618,644]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Simulium</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAA8042FEB1FDF1FE7BFD22" box="[317,446,618,644]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Obuchovia</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
was recovered as monophyletic and stable, based on one synapomorphy (
<figureCitation id="8DBC2A60FFAA8042FAA6FDF1FAAAFD23" box="[1322,1391,618,645]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[189,232,1810,1836]" captionTargetBox="[246,1347,273,1766]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[218,1369,265,1769]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 1. Strict consensus of the three most parsimonious trees that resulted from the analysis under Implied Weights with K = 3 (Fit = 26.33977; Ci = 0.24; Ri = 0.75). Bremer support values (&gt; 50) mapped above branches and bootstrap values over 50% are given below the nodes. Blue numbers on nodes (1–21) represent clades. Blue terminal taxa are the original ingroup included in the analysis. Colored branches show the proposed classification.Simulium (Disculter) subgen. nov. correspond to old Oviedoi species-group." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5542071" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5542071/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
,
<tableCitation id="5805035EFFAA8042FF31FD16FED3FD01" box="[189,278,653,679]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[189,259,265,291]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Synapomorphies of the three trees obtained with implied weights from k3 to k100 (Fig. 1) used to construct the final hypothesis. Bold are non-homoplastic apomorphies." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/41F8666DFFB5805DFF31FE92FBD2FEE0" pageId="25" pageNumber="105" tableUuid="41F8666DFFB5805DFF31FE92FBD2FEE0">Table 2</tableCitation>
, node 8). We therefore propose its revalidation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5D9D656EFFAA8042FF31FD55FBEAFC62" pageId="25" pageNumber="105" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="153836E5FFAA8042FF31FD55FE93FD4E" blockId="25.[189,342,718,744]" box="[189,342,718,744]" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">
<heading id="4E708189FFAA8042FF31FD55FE93FD4E" bold="true" box="[189,342,718,744]" fontSize="11" level="3" pageId="25" pageNumber="105" reason="3">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAA8042FF31FD55FE93FD4E" bold="true" box="[189,342,718,744]" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="153836E5FFAA8042FF31FD67FBEAFC62" blockId="25.[189,1399,764,964]" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">
<taxonomicName id="D2874D66FFAA8042FF31FD67FE02FCB1" authority="" authorityName="Rubtsov" authorityYear="1947" box="[189,455,764,791]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Obuchovia">
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAA8042FF31FD67FEE9FCB0" box="[189,300,764,790]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Simulium</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="27F3EAF7FFAA8042FEB0FD67FE78FCB0" box="[316,445,764,790]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Obuchovia</emphasis>
)
</taxonomicName>
is distributed in the Palearctic Region, ranging from North Africa through southcentral and southern Europe to the eastern Mediterranean area, the Caucasus and Transcaucasus, to south-west Asia, being recorded from the following countries:
<collectingCountry id="6D907675FFAA8042FC15FCDAFBEEFCFD" box="[921,1067,833,859]" name="Afghanistan" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="6D907675FFAA8042FBB9FCDAFB55FCFD" box="[1077,1168,833,859]" name="Algeria" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Algeria</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="6D907675FFAA8042FB16FCDAFB3AFCFD" box="[1178,1279,833,859]" name="Andorra" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Andorra</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="6D907675FFAA8042FA84FCDAFAB7FCFD" box="[1288,1394,833,859]" name="Armenia" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Armenia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="6D907675FFAA8042FF31FCFFFED3FCD8" box="[189,278,868,894]" name="Austria" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Austria</collectingCountry>
, Azerbaijan,
<collectingCountry id="6D907675FFAA8042FE3AFCFFFDDBFCD8" box="[438,542,868,894]" name="Bulgaria" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Bulgaria</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="6D907675FFAA8042FDA1FCFFFD43FCD8" box="[557,646,868,894]" name="Croatia" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Croatia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="6D907675FFAA8042FD1AFCFFFD2BFCD8" box="[662,750,868,894]" name="Cyprus" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Cyprus</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="6D907675FFAA8042FD71FCFFFC7BFCD8" box="[765,958,868,894]" name="Czech Republic" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Czech Republic</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="6D907675FFAA8042FC41FCFEFBE5FCD9" box="[973,1056,869,895]" name="France" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">France</collectingCountry>
, Georgia,
<collectingCountry id="6D907675FFAA8042FB13FCFFFAC8FCD8" box="[1183,1293,868,894]" name="Germany" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Germany</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="6D907675FFAA8042FA90FCFFFAB7FCD8" box="[1308,1394,868,894]" name="Greece" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Greece</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="6D907675FFAA8042FF31FC1CFF2AFC07" box="[189,239,903,929]" name="Iran" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Iran</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="6D907675FFAA8042FE8EFC1CFEFCFC07" box="[258,313,903,929]" name="Italy" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Italy</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="6D907675FFAA8042FEC0FC1CFE1DFC07" box="[332,472,903,929]" name="Kazakhstan" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Kazakhstan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="6D907675FFAA8042FE66FC1CFD91FC07" box="[490,596,903,929]" name="Lebanon" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Lebanon</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="6D907675FFAA8042FDEBFC1CFD11FC07" box="[615,724,903,929]" name="Morocco" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Morocco</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="6D907675FFAA8042FD6BFC1CFC88FC07" box="[743,845,903,929]" name="Pakistan" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Pakistan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="6D907675FFAA8042FCECFC1CFC71FC07" box="[864,948,903,929]" name="Poland" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Poland</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="6D907675FFAA8042FC4BFC1CFBE8FC07" box="[967,1069,903,929]" name="Portugal" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Portugal</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="6D907675FFAA8042FBCCFC1CFB68FC07" box="[1088,1197,903,929]" name="Romania" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Romania</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="6D907675FFAA8042FB4CFC1CFAD4FC07" box="[1216,1297,903,929]" name="Russia" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Russia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="6D907675FFAA8042FAA8FC1CFAB7FC07" box="[1316,1394,903,929]" name="Serbia" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Serbia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="6D907675FFAA8042FF31FC32FEE2FC65" box="[189,295,937,963]" name="Slovakia" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Slovakia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="6D907675FFAA8042FEBEFC32FEBDFC65" box="[306,376,937,963]" name="Spain" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Spain</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="6D907675FFAA8042FE0FFC32FE3CFC65" box="[387,505,937,963]" name="Tajikistan" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Tajikistan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="6D907675FFAA8042FD89FC32FD9FFC65" box="[517,602,937,963]" name="Turkey" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Turkey</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="6D907675FFAA8042FDE9FC32FD02FC65" box="[613,711,937,963]" name="Ukraine" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="6D907675FFAA8042FC88FC32FC4DFC65" box="[772,904,937,963]" name="Uzbekistan" pageId="25" pageNumber="105">Uzbekistan</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="71164B14FFAA8042FC1BFC32FBE6FC62" author="Adler P. H." box="[919,1059,937,964]" pageId="25" pageNumber="105" refId="ref17347" refString="Adler P. H. 2020. World Blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae): A Comprehensive Revision of the Taxonomic and Geographical Inventory. Clemson University, Clemson." type="book" year="2020">Adler 2020</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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