529 lines
62 KiB
XML
529 lines
62 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3792194" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6bed073a-175c-42e6-bb99-645c99d55b4f" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163971060" ID-ISSN="1313–2970" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3792194" ID-ZooBank="C631A347-306E-4773-84A4-E4712329186B" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AECD1D6F-C837-40CA-85D5-C7612118F7F1" checkinTime="1587984202003" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Miller, Jeremy, Griswold, Charles & Yin, Chang" docDate="2009" docId="03ACB915FF8A7401FF4E45FBFD71FDFD" docLanguage="en" docName="ZK_article_1993.pdf" docOrigin="ZooKeys 11 (11)" docStyle="DocumentStylede.uka.ipd.idaho.easyIO.settings.Settings@52c7884c" docStyleName="zookeys.2008.journal_article" docTitle="Coddingtonia Miller, Griswold & Yin 2009, gen. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="AECD1D6F-C837-40CA-85D5-C7612118F7F1" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="32" masterDocId="FF95C16DFF9F7414FFC2455DFFF1FFB8" masterDocTitle="The symphytognathoid spiders of the Gaoligongshan, Yunnan, China (Araneae: Araneoidea): Systematics and diversity of micro-orbweavers" masterLastPageNumber="195" masterPageNumber="9" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" updateTime="1635491590422" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-3.0">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>The symphytognathoid spiders of the Gaoligongshan, Yunnan, China (Araneae: Araneoidea): Systematics and diversity of micro-orbweavers</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Miller, Jeremy</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Leiden, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Griswold, Charles</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>California Academy of Sciences ,, United States of America</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Yin, Chang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University ,, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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||
<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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||
<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2009</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2009-05-31</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>11</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="issue">
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<mods:number>11</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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||
<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>9</mods:start>
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<mods:end>195</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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||
</mods:part>
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||
</mods:relatedItem>
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||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.11.160</mods:identifier>
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||
<mods:identifier type="GBIF-Dataset">6bed073a-175c-42e6-bb99-645c99d55b4f</mods:identifier>
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||
<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1313–2970</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576459</mods:identifier>
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||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">C631A347-306E-4773-84A4-E4712329186B</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3792194" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163971060" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3792194" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AECD1D6F-C837-40CA-85D5-C7612118F7F1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03ACB915FF8A7401FF4E45FBFD71FDFD" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">
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<subSubSection box="[140,765,166,193]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph blockId="21.[140,989,166,229]" box="[140,765,166,193]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">
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<heading box="[140,765,166,193]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" reason="3">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,765,166,193]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">
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Genus
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<taxonomicName authority="Miller, Griswold & Yin" authorityName="Miller, Griswold & Yin" authorityYear="2009" box="[223,672,166,193]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Coddingtonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. n.">
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[223,387,166,193]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">Coddingtonia</emphasis>
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||
Miller, Griswold & Yin
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[684,765,167,193]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
</heading>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection box="[140,989,202,229]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" type="description">
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<paragraph blockId="21.[140,989,166,229]" box="[140,989,202,229]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">
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<uri box="[140,989,202,229]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<uuid box="[424,989,202,229]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">AECD1D6F-C837-40CA-85D5-C7612118F7F1</uuid>
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</uri>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSection lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" type="multiple">
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||
<subSubSection box="[140,928,272,299]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" type="type_taxon">
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||
<paragraph blockId="21.[140,1107,272,581]" box="[140,928,272,299]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,295,272,298]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">
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||
<emphasis box="[140,198,272,298]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" reason="1">
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||
<typeStatus box="[140,198,272,298]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">Type</typeStatus>
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||
</emphasis>
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||
species.
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName authority="Miller, Griswold & Yin" authorityName="Miller, Griswold & Yin" authorityYear="2009" box="[302,856,272,299]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Coddingtonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eruyopoides" status="sp. n.">
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<emphasis box="[302,580,272,298]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">Coddingtonia eruyopoides</emphasis>
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Miller, Griswold & Yin
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicNameLabel box="[867,928,273,299]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="30" type="etymology">
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||
<paragraph blockId="21.[140,1107,272,581]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,320,307,333]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">
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<emphasis box="[185,315,307,333]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" reason="1">Etymology</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Named for Jonathan Coddington in honor of his contributions to theridiosomatid behavior and systematics. The gender is feminine.
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="30" type="diagnosis">
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||
<paragraph blockId="21.[140,1107,272,581]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,312,377,403]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">
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||
<emphasis box="[185,307,377,403]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" reason="1">Diagnosis</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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||
Distinguished from other theridiosomatids by the spermathecae, which are separated by nearly their diameter in
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Miller, Griswold & Yin" authorityYear="2009" box="[695,844,413,439]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Coddingtonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[695,844,413,439]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">Coddingtonia</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
(
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<figureCitation box="[861,962,413,439]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="83.[140,212,961,983]" captionTargetBox="[140,1108,165,940]" captionTargetId="figure@83.[140,1108,164,940]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="Figure 11. A, B, Zoma dibaiyin sp. n. from Pee He; C, D, Wendilgarda muji sp. n. from Xiao Hei Shan Nature Reserve; E, F, Coddingtonia euryopoides sp. n. from Zaotang He at Baihualing village; G-I, Mysmena changouzi sp. n. from from No. 12 Bridge Camp area. A, C, E, G, epigynum, ventral view; B, D, F, I, cleared vulva, dorsal view; H, epigynum, lateral view. Arrow in B indicates lateral pit." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3812987" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3812987/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">Fig. 11F</figureCitation>
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), juxtaposed and partially fused in nearly all other theridiosomatids (
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<bibRefCitation author="Coddington JA" box="[782,1006,448,475]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" pagination="1 - 96" refId="ref45484" refString="Coddington JA (1986 a) The genera of the spider family Theridiosomatidae. Smithsonian Contributions to Zoology 422: 1 - 96." type="journal article" year="1986">Coddington 1986a</bibRefCitation>
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), and by the extremely long, thin, coiled copulatory ducts, usually a simple arc, never coiled in other theridiosomatids.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection box="[185,640,553,581]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" type="discussion">
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||
<paragraph blockId="21.[140,1107,272,581]" box="[185,640,553,581]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">
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||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,279,553,579]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">
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||
<emphasis box="[185,274,553,579]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" reason="1">Species</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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||
<taxonomicName authority="Miller & Griswold & Yin, 2009" authorityName="Miller & Griswold & Yin" authorityYear="2009" box="[286,564,554,580]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Coddingtonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eruyopoides" status="sp. n.">
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<emphasis box="[286,564,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">Coddingtonia eruyopoides</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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||
,
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[579,640,555,581]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3792194" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163971061" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3792194" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AECD1D6F-C837-40CA-85D5-C7612118F7F1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03ACB915FF8A7401FF4E45FBFD71FDFD" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<subSubSection box="[140,814,659,686]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[140,995,659,756]" box="[140,814,659,686]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<heading box="[140,814,659,686]" level="2" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,814,659,686]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Miller, Griswold & Yin" authorityName="Miller, Griswold & Yin" authorityYear="2009" box="[140,737,659,686]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiosomatidae" genus="Coddingtonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="euryopoides" status="sp. n.">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,452,659,686]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis box="[140,304,659,686]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" reason="1">Coddingtonia</emphasis>
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||
euryopoides
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||
</emphasis>
|
||
Miller, Griswold & Yin
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[749,814,659,685]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="30" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[140,995,659,756]" box="[140,995,695,722]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<uri box="[140,995,695,722]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">
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||
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
|
||
<uuid box="[423,995,695,722]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">CAB5D9FB-CC13-4A49-9A6D-61E3F8C9343C</uuid>
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||
</uri>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[140,995,659,756]" box="[140,350,730,756]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">
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||
<figureCitation box="[140,227,730,756]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="80.[140,212,1546,1568]" captionTargetBox="[155,1095,179,1511]" captionTargetId="figure@80.[140,1108,164,1526]" captionTargetPageId="80" captionText="Figure 8. A, Baalzebub nemesis sp. n. from No. 12 Bridge Camp area; B, Coddingtonia euryopoides sp. n. from Zaotang He at Baihualing village; C-E, Theridiosoma diwang sp. n. from Xiao Hei Shan Nature Reserve, female. A, B, D, female, dorsal; C, female, lateral; E, female, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3768789" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3768789/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">Figs 8B</figureCitation>
|
||
,
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||
<figureCitation box="[239,263,730,756]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="83.[140,212,961,983]" captionTargetBox="[140,1108,165,940]" captionTargetId="figure@83.[140,1108,164,940]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="Figure 11. A, B, Zoma dibaiyin sp. n. from Pee He; C, D, Wendilgarda muji sp. n. from Xiao Hei Shan Nature Reserve; E, F, Coddingtonia euryopoides sp. n. from Zaotang He at Baihualing village; G-I, Mysmena changouzi sp. n. from from No. 12 Bridge Camp area. A, C, E, G, epigynum, ventral view; B, D, F, I, cleared vulva, dorsal view; H, epigynum, lateral view. Arrow in B indicates lateral pit." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3812987" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3812987/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">11</figureCitation>
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||
E-F, 94
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||
</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="30" type="materials_examined">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[140,1108,800,1636]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,379,800,826]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis box="[140,241,800,826]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" reason="1">Material</emphasis>
|
||
Examined.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2610636302" collectingDate="2005-06-02" collectorName="C. Griswold" country="China" county="Longling Co." elevation="1635" latitude="25.3045" location="Zaotang He" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="98.80059" municipality="Mangkuan Township" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[389,500,800,826]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCountry box="[513,612,801,827]" name="China" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">CHINA</collectingCountry>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingRegion box="[625,717,801,827]" country="China" name="Yunnan" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
|
||
:
|
||
<collectingCounty box="[730,887,800,827]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">Longling Co.</collectingCounty>
|
||
,
|
||
<collectingMunicipality pageId="21" pageNumber="30">Mangkuan Township</collectingMunicipality>
|
||
,
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03ACB915FF8A7401FF4E45FBFD71FDFD:8EDA5ED8FF8A7401FF0E4619FEA9FCE6" box="[204,344,836,862]" country="China" county="Longling Co." latitude="25.3045" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="98.80059" municipality="Mangkuan Township" name="Zaotang He" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" stateProvince="Yunnan">Zaotang He</location>
|
||
at
|
||
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03ACB915FF8A7401FF4E45FBFD71FDFD:8EDA5ED8FF8A7401FE404619FDA0FCE6" box="[386,593,836,862]" country="China" county="Longling Co." latitude="25.3045" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="98.80059" municipality="Mangkuan Township" name="Baihualing village" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" stateProvince="Yunnan">Baihualing village</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[607,753,835,862]" degrees="25.30450" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" precision="1" value="25.3045">25.30450°N</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<geoCoordinate box="[767,906,835,862]" degrees="98.80059" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" precision="1" value="98.80059">98.80059°E</geoCoordinate>
|
||
,
|
||
<quantity box="[921,1016,835,862]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.635" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="1635.0">
|
||
<elevation box="[921,1016,835,862]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.635" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="1635.0">1635 m</elevation>
|
||
</quantity>
|
||
,
|
||
<date pageId="21" pageNumber="30" value="2005-06-02">
|
||
<collectingDate pageId="21" pageNumber="30" value="2005-06-02">2 June 2005</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
, good subtropical broadleaf forest, dusting webs in understory,
|
||
<collectorName box="[957,1103,871,897]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">C. Griswold</collectorName>
|
||
, CGY135 (CASENT 9022403, HNU),
|
||
<specimenCount box="[589,626,906,932]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[140,1108,800,1636]" box="[185,956,941,968]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<typeStatus box="[185,286,942,968]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||
: [same data as
|
||
<typeStatus box="[453,555,941,968]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
] (CASENT 9029336, CAS),
|
||
<specimenCount box="[892,956,941,967]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" type="generic">1 juv.</specimenCount>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="30" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[140,1108,800,1636]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,320,976,1002]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,315,976,1002]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" reason="1">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Named for its superficial similarity to members of the theridiid genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Menge, 1868" authorityName="Menge" authorityYear="1868" box="[140,394,1011,1038]" class="Arachnida" family="Theridiidae" genus="Euryopis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[140,232,1012,1037]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">Euryopis</emphasis>
|
||
Menge, 1868
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The epithet is in the form of a Latin adjective.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection box="[185,795,1046,1073]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[140,1108,800,1636]" box="[185,795,1046,1073]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,312,1046,1072]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,307,1046,1072]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" reason="1">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Monotypic genus; see diagnosis for genus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="21" pageNumber="30" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[140,1108,800,1636]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,335,1081,1107]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,330,1081,1107]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" reason="1">Description</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Carapace dark brown. Sternum dusky orange with darker margin. Legs orange, femora dusky, distal part of tibiae and metatarsi I, II, and IV dark brown. Abdomen mottled dark gray, dorsum lighter with fingerprint texture, with posterior tubercle, sparsely clothed with long, strong setae (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[701,787,1188,1214]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="80.[140,212,1546,1568]" captionTargetBox="[155,1095,179,1511]" captionTargetId="figure@80.[140,1108,164,1526]" captionTargetPageId="80" captionText="Figure 8. A, Baalzebub nemesis sp. n. from No. 12 Bridge Camp area; B, Coddingtonia euryopoides sp. n. from Zaotang He at Baihualing village; C-E, Theridiosoma diwang sp. n. from Xiao Hei Shan Nature Reserve, female. A, B, D, female, dorsal; C, female, lateral; E, female, ventral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3768789" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3768789/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[140,1108,800,1636]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicName authority=": Epigynum" authorityName="Epigynum" box="[185,380,1223,1249]" class="Polychaeta" family="Polychaeta (awaiting allocation)" genus="Vulva" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polychaeta (awaiting allocation)" pageId="21" pageNumber="30" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Vulva: Epigynum</taxonomicName>
|
||
a subrectangular smooth flat plate, posterior margin slightly convex, with two obliquely transverse grooves near posterior margin (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[870,969,1258,1284]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="83.[140,212,961,983]" captionTargetBox="[140,1108,165,940]" captionTargetId="figure@83.[140,1108,164,940]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="Figure 11. A, B, Zoma dibaiyin sp. n. from Pee He; C, D, Wendilgarda muji sp. n. from Xiao Hei Shan Nature Reserve; E, F, Coddingtonia euryopoides sp. n. from Zaotang He at Baihualing village; G-I, Mysmena changouzi sp. n. from from No. 12 Bridge Camp area. A, C, E, G, epigynum, ventral view; B, D, F, I, cleared vulva, dorsal view; H, epigynum, lateral view. Arrow in B indicates lateral pit." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3812987" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3812987/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">Fig. 11E</figureCitation>
|
||
). Spermathecae subspherical, separated by about their diameter. Copulatory ducts very long and thin, lightly sclerotized and encircling spermathecae many times for most of length, more heavily sclerotized just before joining with spermathecae (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[856,956,1364,1390]" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="83.[140,212,961,983]" captionTargetBox="[140,1108,165,940]" captionTargetId="figure@83.[140,1108,164,940]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="Figure 11. A, B, Zoma dibaiyin sp. n. from Pee He; C, D, Wendilgarda muji sp. n. from Xiao Hei Shan Nature Reserve; E, F, Coddingtonia euryopoides sp. n. from Zaotang He at Baihualing village; G-I, Mysmena changouzi sp. n. from from No. 12 Bridge Camp area. A, C, E, G, epigynum, ventral view; B, D, F, I, cleared vulva, dorsal view; H, epigynum, lateral view. Arrow in B indicates lateral pit." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3812987" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3812987/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">Fig. 11F</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[140,1108,800,1636]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Female (
|
||
<typeStatus box="[280,386,1399,1426]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
): Total length 1.63, carapace 0.61 long, 0.59 wide, clypeus 0.13, sternum 0.36 long, 0.38 wide, coxa IV separated by 1.50 times their width. Posterior median eyes separated by about half their diameter. Macrosetae: Leg I: patella d1, tibia d2; Leg II: patella d1, tibia d2; Leg III: patella d1, tibia d1; Leg IV: patella d1, tibia d1. Metatarsal trichobothria: TmI: 0.28; TmII: 0.32; TmIII: 0.36. Leg measurements: see Appendix A.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="21.[140,1108,800,1636]" box="[185,366,1610,1636]" pageId="21" pageNumber="30">Male unknown.</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="163971062" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AECD1D6F-C837-40CA-85D5-C7612118F7F1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03ACB915FF8A7401FF4E45FBFD71FDFD" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="22" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<subSubSection box="[140,632,166,192]" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" type="nomenclature">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="22.[140,632,166,192]" box="[140,632,166,192]" pageId="22" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<heading box="[140,632,166,192]" level="2" pageId="22" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[140,632,166,192]" pageId="22" pageNumber="31">
|
||
Family
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Petrunkevitch, 1928" authorityName="Petrunkevitch" authorityYear="1928" box="[229,632,166,192]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Mysmenidae Petrunkevitch, 1928</taxonomicName>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="32" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" type="discussion">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="22.[140,1108,237,1637]" pageId="22" pageNumber="31">
|
||
Recent authors have focused on a handful of characters to define
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Petrunkevitch" authorityYear="1928" box="[907,1058,237,263]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Mysmenidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
: the presence of a sclerotized subdistal ventral spot (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Griswold CE & Coddington JA & Hormiga G & Scharff N" box="[698,947,272,299]" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 99" refId="ref45802" refString="Griswold CE, Coddington JA, Hormiga G, Scharff N (1998) Phylogeny of the orb-web building spiders (Araneae, Orbiculariae: Deinopoidea, Araneoidea). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 123: 1 - 99." type="journal article" year="1998">Griswold et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 10G) on femur I (and sometimes II as well) of females (and sometimes males as well), the presence of a prolateral macroseta on male metatarsus I (Fig. 17D), and a distally twisted and notched cymbium (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Platnick N & Shadab MU" box="[515,844,378,404]" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref46828" refString="Platnick N, Shadab MU (1978 b) A review of the spider genus Mysmenopsis (Araenae, Mysmenidae). American Museum Novitates 2661: 1 - 22." type="journal article" year="1978">Platnick and Shadab 1978b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Griswold CE & Coddington JA & Hormiga G & Scharff N" box="[858,1102,378,405]" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 99" refId="ref45802" refString="Griswold CE, Coddington JA, Hormiga G, Scharff N (1998) Phylogeny of the orb-web building spiders (Araneae, Orbiculariae: Deinopoidea, Araneoidea). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 123: 1 - 99." type="journal article" year="1998">Griswold et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Schutt K" box="[140,290,413,439]" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" pagination="129 - 151" refId="ref47106" refString="Schutt K (2003) Phylogeny of Symphytognathidae s. l. (Araneae, Araneoidea). Zoologica Scripta 32: 129 - 151." type="journal article" year="2003">Schütt 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Femoral spots are not universal in mysmenids, absent from the new genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Njiller, Griswold & Yin" authorityYear="2009" box="[213,338,448,474]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Gaoligonga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[213,338,448,474]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="31">Gaoligonga</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and most species of
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Simon, 1897" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1897" box="[574,873,448,475]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mysmenopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[574,715,449,474]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="31">Mysmenopsis</emphasis>
|
||
Simon, 1897
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Platnick N & Shadab MU" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref46828" refString="Platnick N, Shadab MU (1978 b) A review of the spider genus Mysmenopsis (Araenae, Mysmenidae). American Museum Novitates 2661: 1 - 22." type="journal article" year="1978">Platnick and Shadab 1978b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), which are otherwise typical mysmenids. The mysmenid cymbium is typically very complex, featuring a series of distal lobes that interact with the embolus as a functional conductor (e.g.,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[480,589,554,580]" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="96.[140,212,1206,1228]" captionTargetBox="[140,1108,165,1186]" captionTargetId="figure@96.[140,1108,164,1186]" captionTargetPageId="96" captionText="Figure 24. Mysmena bizi sp. n. from Chang Yan He, SEM of male. A, male palp, prolateral; B, male palp, retrolateral; C, male palp, dorsal; D, male palp, apical; E, prosoma, anterior lateral; F, metatarsus I. B: base of cymbium; CB: cymbium; E: embolus; G: cymbial groove; T: tegulum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3768799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3768799/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="31">Figs 24D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[602,654,554,580]" captionStart="Figure 37" captionStartId="109.[140,212,1203,1225]" captionTargetBox="[140,1108,165,1184]" captionTargetId="figure@109.[140,1109,164,1184]" captionTargetPageId="109" captionText="Figure 37. Simaoa kavanaugh sp. n. from Xiao Hei Shan Nature Reserve, SEM. A, male palp, prolateral; B, male palp, retrolateral; C, male palp, dorsal; D, prosoma, anterior lateral; E, metatarsus I; F, epigynum. AL: anterior lobe; CB: cymbium; CT: cymbial tooth; E: embolus; PL: posterior lobe; T: tegulum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3768821" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3768821/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="31">37A</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[667,721,554,580]" captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="112.[140,212,1202,1224]" captionTargetBox="[140,1108,165,1182]" captionTargetId="figure@112.[140,1109,164,1182]" captionTargetPageId="112" captionText="Figure 40. Gaoligonga changya sp. n. from Lishadi, SEM of male. A, palp, prolateral; B, palp, retrolateral; C, palp, dorsal; D, metatarsus I; E, prosoma, lateral; F, prosoma, dorsal. B: base of cymbium; BK: basal keel; CB: cymbium; CT: cymbial tooth; DL: distal lobe; E: embolus; MK: median keel; T: tegulum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3768827" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3768827/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="31">40C</figureCitation>
|
||
). While this description seems to apply to most or all mysmenids (questionable in the new genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Njiller, Griswold & Yin" authorityYear="2009" box="[888,974,589,615]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Chanea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[888,974,589,615]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="31">Chanea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation box="[990,1094,589,615]" captionStart="Figure 49" captionStartId="121.[140,212,1590,1612]" captionTargetBox="[159,1076,174,1561]" captionTargetId="figure@121.[145,1104,164,1570]" captionTargetPageId="121" captionText="Figure 49. Chanea suukyii sp. n. from Maku ridge. A, male palp, prolateral; B, male palp, retrolateral; C, cleared vulva, dorsal view. CB: cymbium; CD: copulatory duct; E: embolus; FD: fertilization duct; S: spermatheca; T: tegulum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3768843" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3768843/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="31">Fig. 49A</figureCitation>
|
||
), it has apparently contributed to some confusion, such as the misplacement of the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Wunderlich, 1995" authorityName="Wunderlich" authorityYear="1995" box="[217,586,659,686]" class="Arachnida" family="Symphytognathidae" genus="Crassignatha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[217,359,660,686]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="31">Crassignatha</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Wunderlich J" box="[370,586,659,686]" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" pagination="543 - 551" refId="ref47317" refString="Wunderlich J (1995) Drei bisher unbekannte Arten und Gattungen der Familie Anapidae (s. l.) aus Sud-Afrika, Brasilien und Malaysia (Arachnida: Araneae). Beitrage zur Araneologie 4: 543 - 551 (date on volume 1994; actually published 1995)." type="journal article" year="1995">
|
||
Wunderlich,
|
||
<quantity box="[526,586,659,686]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0673" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" unit="in" value="1995.0">1995</quantity>
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Petrunkevitch" authorityYear="1928" box="[632,779,660,686]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Mysmenidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
(see below).
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Schutt K" box="[941,1107,660,686]" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" pagination="129 - 151" refId="ref47106" refString="Schutt K (2003) Phylogeny of Symphytognathidae s. l. (Araneae, Araneoidea). Zoologica Scripta 32: 129 - 151." type="journal article" year="2003">Schütt (2003)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
coded the two mysmenids in her phylogenetic analysis as having non-homologous male metatarsal clasping spurs based on position (apical in
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Banks, 1895" authorityName="Banks" authorityYear="1895" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Microdipoena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[865,1019,730,756]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="31">Microdipoena</emphasis>
|
||
Banks, 1895
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, basal in
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Simon, 1922" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1922" box="[311,591,765,791]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Trogloneta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[311,428,765,791]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="31">Trogloneta</emphasis>
|
||
Simon, 1922
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). Some
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Gertsch, 1960" authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1960" box="[685,969,765,791]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Maymena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[685,796,766,791]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="31">Maymena</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gertsch WJ" box="[803,969,765,791]" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 40" refId="ref45779" refString="Gertsch WJ (1960) Descriptions of American spiders of the family Symphytognathidae. American Museum Novitates 1981: 1 - 40." type="journal article" year="1960">Gertsch, 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species also lack a metatarsal clasping spur (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gertsch WJ" box="[522,689,800,827]" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 40" refId="ref45779" refString="Gertsch WJ (1960) Descriptions of American spiders of the family Symphytognathidae. American Museum Novitates 1981: 1 - 40." type="journal article" year="1960">Gertsch 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Some male mysmenids have prolateral macrosetae on tibia I in addition to (rarely instead of) a metatarsal macroseta (e.g.,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Baert, 1986" authorityName="Baert" authorityYear="1986" box="[255,536,871,897]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Anjouanella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[255,389,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="31">Anjouanella</emphasis>
|
||
Baert, 1986
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Banks, 1895" authorityName="Banks" authorityYear="1895" box="[548,856,871,898]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Microdipoena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[548,702,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="31">Microdipoena</emphasis>
|
||
Banks, 1895
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Brignoli, 1980" authorityName="Brignoli" authorityYear="1980" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mysmenella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[868,998,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="31">Mysmenella</emphasis>
|
||
Brignoli, 1980
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Miller & Griswold & Yin, 2009" authorityName="Miller & Griswold & Yin" authorityYear="2009" box="[215,298,906,932]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Simaoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. n.">
|
||
<emphasis box="[215,298,906,932]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="31">Simaoa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[305,386,907,933]" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
;
|
||
<figureCitation box="[399,501,906,932]" captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="106.[140,212,1205,1227]" captionTargetBox="[140,1108,165,1185]" captionTargetId="figure@106.[140,1109,164,1185]" captionTargetPageId="106" captionText="Figure 34. Simaoa yaojia sp. n. from Yaojiaping, SEM of male. A, male palp, prolateral; B, male palp, retrolateral; C, male palp, dorsal, arrow indicates tooth-like tibial process; D, prosoma, anterior lateral; E, metatarsus I; F, tibia I, prolateral. CB: cymbium; CT: cymbial tooth; E: embolus; T: tegulum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3768817" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3768817/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="31">Fig. 34F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Nevertheless, the clasping spur on male metatarsus I, whether proximal or distal, remains a key diagnostic character for
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Petrunkevitch" authorityYear="1928" box="[953,1104,941,967]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Mysmenidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. In addition, most mysmenids have a distinctive modified seta on the PLS (Figs 19F, 42F,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Griswold CE & Coddington JA & Hormiga G & Scharff N" box="[198,443,1012,1038]" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 99" refId="ref45802" refString="Griswold CE, Coddington JA, Hormiga G, Scharff N (1998) Phylogeny of the orb-web building spiders (Araneae, Orbiculariae: Deinopoidea, Araneoidea). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 123: 1 - 99." type="journal article" year="1998">Griswold et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 28A; absent from the kleptoparasitic
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Griswold, 1985" authorityName="Griswold" authorityYear="1985" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Isela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[936,985,1012,1038]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="31">Isela</emphasis>
|
||
Griswold, 1985
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, which also lacks the triplet of spigots used to make araneoid sticky silk in both sexes;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Griswold CE & Coddington JA & Hormiga G & Scharff N" box="[272,511,1082,1109]" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 99" refId="ref45802" refString="Griswold CE, Coddington JA, Hormiga G, Scharff N (1998) Phylogeny of the orb-web building spiders (Araneae, Orbiculariae: Deinopoidea, Araneoidea). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 123: 1 - 99." type="journal article" year="1998">Griswold et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: figs 29D, 30D). The sticky silk triplet is vestigial in some Chinese mysmenid males (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[513,619,1117,1144]" captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="97.[140,212,1207,1229]" captionTargetBox="[140,1108,165,1187]" captionTargetId="figure@97.[140,1109,164,1187]" captionTargetPageId="97" captionText="Figure 25. Mysmena bizi sp. n. from Chang Yan He, SEM. A-E, male; F, female. A, spinnerets; B, PLS; C, PMS; D, PLS, arrow indicates modified PLS seta; E, epiandrous gland spigots; F, epigynum. AC: aciniform gland spigot; AGn: aggregate gland spigot nubbin; ALS: anterior lateral spinneret; FLn: flagelliform gland spigot nubbin; MAP: major ampullate gland spigot; mAP: minor ampullate gland spigot; PI: piriform gland spigot; PLS: posterior lateral spinneret; PMS: posterior median spinneret; t: tartipore; arrow indicates modified PLS seta." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3768801" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3768801/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="31">Fig. 25D</figureCitation>
|
||
) but is fully developed in some other male mysmenids (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Griswold CE & Coddington JA & Hormiga G & Scharff N" box="[285,529,1152,1179]" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 99" refId="ref45802" refString="Griswold CE, Coddington JA, Hormiga G, Scharff N (1998) Phylogeny of the orb-web building spiders (Araneae, Orbiculariae: Deinopoidea, Araneoidea). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 123: 1 - 99." type="journal article" year="1998">Griswold et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 28D).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="22.[140,1108,237,1637]" pageId="22" pageNumber="31">
|
||
Lateral sulci are present on the carapace of several mysmenid genera and range in form from a single pore between the lateral eyes and the margin of the carapace (Fig. 17F) and a larger hole just below the lateral eyes (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[721,826,1258,1284]" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="96.[140,212,1206,1228]" captionTargetBox="[140,1108,165,1186]" captionTargetId="figure@96.[140,1108,164,1186]" captionTargetPageId="96" captionText="Figure 24. Mysmena bizi sp. n. from Chang Yan He, SEM of male. A, male palp, prolateral; B, male palp, retrolateral; C, male palp, dorsal; D, male palp, apical; E, prosoma, anterior lateral; F, metatarsus I. B: base of cymbium; CB: cymbium; E: embolus; G: cymbial groove; T: tegulum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3768799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3768799/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="31">Fig. 24E</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Lopardo L & Hormiga G" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 33" refId="ref46301" refString="Lopardo L, Hormiga G (2008) Phylogenetic placement of the Tasmanian spider Acrobleps hygrophilus (Araneae, Anapidae) with comments on the evolution of the capture web in Araneoidea. Cladistics 24: 1 - 33. doi: 10.1111 / j. 1096 - 0031.2007.00173. x." type="journal article" year="2008">Lopardo and Hormiga (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
reported on a similar sulcus in the enigmatic genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Hickman, 1979" authorityName="Hickman" authorityYear="1979" box="[811,1103,1293,1319]" class="Arachnida" family="Anapidae" genus="Acrobleps" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[811,911,1293,1319]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="31">Acrobleps</emphasis>
|
||
Hickman, 1979
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Anapids have one or more pores, typically associated with a plate or sulcus, on the anterolateral margin of the carapace (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Platnick NI & Forster RR" box="[559,859,1364,1390]" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 139" refId="ref46925" refString="Platnick NI, Forster RR (1989) A revision of the temperate South American and Australasian spiders of the family Anapidae (Araneae, Araneoidea). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 190: 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1989">Platnick and Forster 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="22.[140,1108,237,1637]" pageId="22" pageNumber="31">
|
||
The distinctive web architecture and associated behavioral characters help to define the limits of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Petrunkevitch" authorityYear="1928" box="[288,436,1434,1460]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Mysmenidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. With the exception of
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1960" box="[709,817,1435,1460]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Maymena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[709,817,1435,1460]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="31">Maymena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(which builds a horizontal anapid-like orb-web) and the webless kleptoparasites, mysmenids build a threedimensional spherical web, the result of typical orb-building behavior except that radii are not restricted to a single plane (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[545,633,1540,1566]" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="92.[140,212,1475,1497]" captionTargetBox="[140,1108,165,1455]" captionTargetId="figure@92.[140,1108,164,1455]" captionTargetPageId="92" captionText="Figure 20. Webs of mysmenid spiders. A, Mysmena changouzi sp. n. from Danzhu He drainage, female; B-D, Simaoa kavanaugh sp. n. from Xiao Hei Shan Nature Reserve, female; E, Simaoa kavanaugh sp. n. from Nankang Yakou, female; F, Simaoa yaojia sp. n. from Yaojiaping, male and female." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3768793" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3768793/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="31">Figs 20</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[646,678,1539,1565]" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="98.[140,212,1055,1077]" captionTargetBox="[140,1108,165,1035]" captionTargetId="figure@98.[140,1108,164,1035]" captionTargetPageId="98" captionText="Figure 26. Webs of mysmenid spiders. A, Mysmena bizi sp. n. from Pianma, female; B, Gaoligonga changya sp. n. from QiQi He, female with eggs; C, D, Gaoligonga changya sp. n. from Guocai He at Fucai, female with eggs." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3768803" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3768803/files/figure.png" pageId="22" pageNumber="31">26</figureCitation>
|
||
;
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Coddington JA" box="[692,915,1539,1566]" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" pagination="319 - 363" refId="ref45508" refString="Coddington JA (1986 b) The monophyletic origin of the orb web. In Shear, WA (Ed) Spiders. Webs. Behavior, and Evolution. Stanford University Press, Stanford, 319 - 363." type="book chapter" year="1986">Coddington 1986b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Eberhard W" box="[929,1102,1540,1566]" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" pagination="339 - 356" refId="ref45648" refString="Eberhard W (1987) Web-building behavior of anapid, symphytognathid, and mysmenid spiders (Araneae). Journal of Arachnology 14: 339 - 356." type="journal article" year="1987">Eberhard 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Griswold CE & Coddington JA & Hormiga G & Scharff N" box="[140,378,1575,1601]" pageId="22" pageNumber="31" pagination="1 - 99" refId="ref45802" refString="Griswold CE, Coddington JA, Hormiga G, Scharff N (1998) Phylogeny of the orb-web building spiders (Araneae, Orbiculariae: Deinopoidea, Araneoidea). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 123: 1 - 99." type="journal article" year="1998">Griswold et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 3B). Small clusters (6-9) of eggs are placed in the center of the web (Figs 21H, 26B, D, 43C).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="23.[140,1108,167,1672]" pageId="23" pageNumber="32">
|
||
The limits and diagnostic features of many mysmenid genera are not entirely clear. Work in progress (Lopardo, pers. comm.) with a global scope promises substantial progress soon. But for the purposes of this geographically limited work, we must rely on the existing literature. New species were placed in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Simon, 1894" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1894" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mysmena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="23" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[1004,1108,273,298]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="32">Mysmena</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Simon E" box="[140,290,308,334]" pageId="23" pageNumber="32" pagination="489 - 760" refId="ref47132" refString="Simon E (1894) Histoire Naturelle des Araignees. Volume 1, part 3. Paris, pp. 489 - 760." type="book chapter" year="1894">Simon, 1894</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on the presence of an external cymbial groove (Figs 17A, 29A), a distinct cymbial base (Figs 17B, 24C, 29B), an embolus without a switchback or process that makes approximately one spiral turn usually guided by a groove in the tegulum (Figs 17B, 29C), a cymbial tip that engages the embolus as a functional conductor (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[272,382,448,475]" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="96.[140,212,1206,1228]" captionTargetBox="[140,1108,165,1186]" captionTargetId="figure@96.[140,1108,164,1186]" captionTargetPageId="96" captionText="Figure 24. Mysmena bizi sp. n. from Chang Yan He, SEM of male. A, male palp, prolateral; B, male palp, retrolateral; C, male palp, dorsal; D, male palp, apical; E, prosoma, anterior lateral; F, metatarsus I. B: base of cymbium; CB: cymbium; E: embolus; G: cymbial groove; T: tegulum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3768799" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3768799/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="32">Figs 24D</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation box="[394,448,449,475]" captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="101.[140,212,1200,1222]" captionTargetBox="[140,1108,165,1180]" captionTargetId="figure@101.[140,1108,164,1180]" captionTargetPageId="101" captionText="Figure 29. Mysmena goudao sp. n. from QiQi He, SEM. A-E, male; F, female. A, palp, prolateral; B, palp, retrolateral; C, palp, apical; D, metatarsus I; E, PLS, arrow indicates modified PLS seta; F, epigynum. AC: aciniform gland spigot; AGn: aggregate gland spigot nubbin; B: base of cymbium; CB: cymbium; E: embolus; FLn: flagelliform gland spigot nubbin; G: cymbial groove; T: tegulum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3768809" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3768809/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="32">29C</figureCitation>
|
||
), and male mating claspers restricted to metatarsus I (Figs 17D, 24F, 29D). The presence of an epigynum in the form of a scape with the left and right copulatory pathways well separated also influenced species placement (
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="83.[140,212,961,983]" captionTargetBox="[140,1108,165,940]" captionTargetId="figure@83.[140,1108,164,940]" captionTargetPageId="83" captionText="Figure 11. A, B, Zoma dibaiyin sp. n. from Pee He; C, D, Wendilgarda muji sp. n. from Xiao Hei Shan Nature Reserve; E, F, Coddingtonia euryopoides sp. n. from Zaotang He at Baihualing village; G-I, Mysmena changouzi sp. n. from from No. 12 Bridge Camp area. A, C, E, G, epigynum, ventral view; B, D, F, I, cleared vulva, dorsal view; H, epigynum, lateral view. Arrow in B indicates lateral pit." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3812987" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3812987/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="32">Figs 11I</figureCitation>
|
||
, 21C,E), although not all
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[504,608,555,580]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mysmena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="23" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[504,608,555,580]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="32">Mysmena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
described here have a scape (Fig. 21G,I). Internal structures consist of a pair of spermathecae, copulatory ducts usually with a sclerotized portion leading to the spermathecae and a membranous atrium (copulatory ducts occasionally membranous throughout their length; Fig. 21I). Sclerotized complexes (spermathecae or spermathecae plus part of copulatory ducts) are separated by at least their width (Fig. 21G). Fertilization ducts usually arise from the posterior part of the spermathecae and curve mesally, or arise from mesal part of spermathecae. A posterior tubercle on the abdomen is present (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[881,983,800,827]" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="99.[140,212,1384,1406]" captionTargetBox="[155,1094,176,1354]" captionTargetId="figure@99.[140,1108,164,1365]" captionTargetPageId="99" captionText="Figure 27. A-E, Mysmena goudao sp. n. from QiQi He; F-H, Mysmena shibali sp. n. from Shibali. A, male; B-H, female. A, B, F, lateral; C, G, dorsal; D, H, ventral; E, posterior." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3768805" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3768805/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="32">Fig. 27F</figureCitation>
|
||
) or absent (Fig. 15B). Also, all new
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[428,532,836,861]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mysmena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="23" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[428,532,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="32">Mysmena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
described here have femoral spots on legs I and II (sometimes indistinct in male), although the
|
||
<typeStatus box="[658,707,871,897]" pageId="23" pageNumber="32">type</typeStatus>
|
||
species of
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[831,935,872,897]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mysmena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="23" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[831,935,872,897]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="32">Mysmena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
apparently has the femoral spot only on leg I (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Kraus O" box="[496,636,906,933]" pageId="23" pageNumber="32" pagination="387 - 399" refId="ref46055" refString="Kraus O (1967) Mysmena jobi n. sp., eine Symphytognathide in Mitteleuropa (Arachnida: Araneae: Symphytognathidae). Senckenbergiana Biologica 48: 387 - 399." type="journal article" year="1967">Kraus 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="23.[140,1108,167,1672]" pageId="23" pageNumber="32">
|
||
Chinese
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1960" box="[286,394,942,967]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Maymena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="23" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[286,394,942,967]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="32">Maymena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
described here differ from the American fauna in having the palpal patella and tibia elongated (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[531,633,976,1003]" captionStart="Figure 54" captionStartId="126.[140,212,1340,1362]" captionTargetBox="[150,1096,173,1309]" captionTargetId="figure@126.[140,1109,164,1320]" captionTargetPageId="126" captionText="Figure 54. Maymena paquini sp. n. from Wayala Ku cave, male palp. A, prolateral; B, retrolateral. CB: cymbium; E: embolus; T: tegulum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3768851" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3768851/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="32">Fig. 54A</figureCitation>
|
||
; compare to
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Gertsch WJ" box="[782,941,976,1002]" pageId="23" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 40" refId="ref45779" refString="Gertsch WJ (1960) Descriptions of American spiders of the family Symphytognathidae. American Museum Novitates 1981: 1 - 40." type="journal article" year="1960">Gertsch 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||
: fig. 51). Otherwise, they closely resemble typical
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1960" box="[551,659,1012,1037]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Maymena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="23" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[551,659,1012,1037]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="32">Maymena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in genital morphology, size and coloration, association with cave habitats, and web architecture.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gertsch" authorityYear="1960" box="[791,899,1048,1073]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Maymena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="23" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[791,899,1048,1073]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="32">Maymena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are apparently the only mysmenids with trichobothria on the palpal tibia (
|
||
<figureCitation box="[773,879,1082,1109]" captionStart="Figure 55" captionStartId="127.[140,212,1203,1225]" captionTargetBox="[140,1108,165,1184]" captionTargetId="figure@127.[140,1109,164,1184]" captionTargetPageId="127" captionText="Figure 55. Maymena paquini sp. n. from Wayala Ku cave, SEM of male. A, palp, prolateral; B, palp, retrolateral; C, palp, prolateral detail, arrow indicates hook-like cymbial apophysis; D, palpal tibia, dorsal, arrows indicate trichobothria; E, metatarsus I; F, tarsus, arrow indicates tarsal organ. CB: cymbium; E: embolus; T: tegulum." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3768853" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3768853/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="32">Fig. 55D</figureCitation>
|
||
), a trait shared with synaphrids and theridiosomatids among the symphytognathoids.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph blockId="23.[140,1108,167,1672]" pageId="23" pageNumber="32">
|
||
The remaining mysmenids were all placed in new genera.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Miller & Griswold & Yin" authorityYear="2009" box="[833,914,1153,1179]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Simaoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="23" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[833,914,1153,1179]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="32">Simaoa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Njiller, Griswold & Yin" authorityYear="2009" box="[929,1051,1152,1178]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Gaoligonga" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="23" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[929,1051,1152,1178]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="32">Gaoligonga</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Njiller, Griswold & Yin" authorityYear="2009" box="[140,224,1188,1214]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Chanea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="23" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[140,224,1188,1214]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="32">Chanea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
all have novel features, especially male sexual characters.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Njiller, Griswold & Yin" authorityYear="2009" box="[876,1028,1188,1214]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Simaoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="23" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maku">
|
||
<emphasis box="[876,1028,1188,1214]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="32">Simaoa maku</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Njiller, Griswold & Yin" authorityYear="2009" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Simaoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="23" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bianjing">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="32">S. bianjing</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are known from female only and were tentatively placed in
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Miller & Griswold & Yin" authorityYear="2009" box="[918,999,1223,1249]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Simaoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="23" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[918,999,1223,1249]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="32">Simaoa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
based on characteristics of the female genitalia shared with
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Miller & Griswold & Yin" authorityYear="2009" box="[721,802,1258,1284]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Simaoa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="23" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[721,802,1258,1284]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="32">Simaoa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species known from both sexes.
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Njiller, Griswold & Yin" authorityYear="2009" box="[211,270,1294,1319]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mosu" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="23" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[211,270,1294,1319]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="32">Mosu</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
is the only new mysmenid genus known from the female only. The two species clearly share similarities in genital morphologies. Another Chinese species recently described in the genus
|
||
<taxonomicName box="[475,578,1364,1389]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mysmena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="23" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis box="[475,578,1364,1389]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="32">Mysmena</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
exhibits similar morphology in the female and could be congeneric. This species,
|
||
<taxonomicName authority="Lin & Li, 2008" authorityName="Lin & Li" authorityYear="2008" box="[522,813,1399,1425]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" genus="Mysmena" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="23" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhengi">
|
||
<emphasis box="[522,632,1399,1425]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="32">M. zhengi</emphasis>
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Lin Y & Li S" box="[638,813,1399,1425]" pageId="23" pageNumber="32" pagination="487 - 520" refId="ref46214" refString="Lin Y, Li S (2008) Mysmenid spiders of China (Araneae: Mysmenidae). Annales Zoologici 58: 487 - 520." type="journal article" year="2008">Lin & Li, 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, is known from both sexes and so could be useful for exploring the limits of this new genus.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="23" pageNumber="32" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph blockId="23.[140,1108,167,1672]" pageId="23" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" box="[185,312,1469,1495]" pageId="23" pageNumber="32">
|
||
<emphasis box="[185,307,1469,1495]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="32" reason="1">Diagnosis</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Femur I (and sometimes II as well) of females (and sometimes males as well) with a sclerotized subdistal ventral spot (sometimes absent), prolateral macroseta on metatarsus I of the male (Fig. 17D) forming a clasping spur, distally twisted and notched cymbium (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Platnick N & Shadab MU" box="[364,685,1575,1601]" pageId="23" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 22" refId="ref46828" refString="Platnick N, Shadab MU (1978 b) A review of the spider genus Mysmenopsis (Araenae, Mysmenidae). American Museum Novitates 2661: 1 - 22." type="journal article" year="1978">Platnick and Shadab 1978b</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Griswold CE & Coddington JA & Hormiga G & Scharff N" box="[698,936,1575,1601]" pageId="23" pageNumber="32" pagination="1 - 99" refId="ref45802" refString="Griswold CE, Coddington JA, Hormiga G, Scharff N (1998) Phylogeny of the orb-web building spiders (Araneae, Orbiculariae: Deinopoidea, Araneoidea). Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 123: 1 - 99." type="journal article" year="1998">Griswold et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Schutt K" box="[949,1094,1575,1601]" pageId="23" pageNumber="32" pagination="129 - 151" refId="ref47106" refString="Schutt K (2003) Phylogeny of Symphytognathidae s. l. (Araneae, Araneoidea). Zoologica Scripta 32: 129 - 151." type="journal article" year="2003">Schütt 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||
), and distinctive modified seta on the PLS (Figs 19F, 42F) characterize
|
||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Petrunkevitch" authorityYear="1928" box="[956,1104,1610,1636]" class="Arachnida" family="Mysmenidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="23" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Mysmenidae</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Not all characters are present in all species.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</subSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |