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<document id="2088BA515D76203AFE2FC80A271A4D23" ID-CLB-Dataset="7600" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4942.2.8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0639e493-81c0-4825-960e-163612c3519f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4600599" ID-ZooBank="ADD8E2C4-20D7-4CE8-8077-44B13ECFBE15" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1615537060995" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Stonis, Jonas R., Remeikis, Andrius, Diškus, Arūnas, Baryshnikova, Svetlana &amp; Solis, M. Alma" docDate="2021" docId="03AC45679F13FFFBFF53A545FCE3F8FF" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4942.2.8.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4942 (2)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Stigmella incaica Diskus &amp; Stonis 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="AC1D62F5-881A-45C9-A782-B77A58E38460" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="280" masterDocId="FF953D1F9F14FFF0FFC4A373FFF9FFD6" masterDocTitle="What are the smallest moths (Lepidoptera) in the world?" masterLastPageNumber="289" masterPageNumber="269" pageNumber="276" updateTime="1698933347748" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="8A736997958F49F9DF663735492233DC" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="096F73A6A1DCC4A8A1CA564EAF29D502">
<mods:title id="7E2A91CA4751D46C2B3BE4E619351350">What are the smallest moths (Lepidoptera) in the world?</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="D7DE3B70E6B23970D2D9CFBCC6BE57BE" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="9CCA36C074A9B55679790C55C7034036">Stonis, Jonas R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="A7BF69EF16A53940B5A571594541BDC2">Institute of Ecology, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos St. 2, LT- 08412, Vilnius, Lithuania.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8DB36D5606BE8C93D1DD22C52FB0D499">Remeikis, Andrius</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="72C766D5D482E6ECF2001AF28737AAC4" type="ORCID">0000-0002-9310-1112</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="08563AD7289483D46153C6A28E803B93">Institute of Ecology, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos St. 2, LT- 08412, Vilnius, Lithuania. &amp; remeikis. andrew @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 9310 - 1112</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="7CC1227A3B3892914878CF635380B2DF" type="email">remeikis.andrew@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="6CDA54321B9F1719896A8CB54F97CB3C">Diškus, Arūnas</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="41A552C9718C28DF3D73032FF6F8C9BE" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0106-5546</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="AF17C2F927358F8D46639678AA7925CB">Institute of Ecology, Nature Research Centre, Akademijos St. 2, LT- 08412, Vilnius, Lithuania. &amp; diskus. biotaxonomy @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 0106 - 5546</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="990BA02AD54607B0150F5762B56C2753" type="email">diskus.biotaxonomy@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="A7D75B7B52B0B794F9C1EAE53E4C4E64">Baryshnikova, Svetlana</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="DC5FB835FCB18718001CE39E04920642" type="ORCID">0000-0002-2549-4911</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="50DEC66A0350A5F71D786768709C9E08">Zoological Institute, Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya nab. 1, St. Petersburg, Russia. &amp; parornix @ zin. ru; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 2549 - 4911</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E3ABACF67F7178B8C36F631437D09A51" type="email">parornix@zin.ru</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart id="023E671B7D42ABD75C4F23D9FB6E36B2">Solis, M. Alma</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="BAD944E3ECFCEC2FAE1DC8C07E8443CF" type="ORCID">0000-0001-6379-1004</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="509B2E2D2492BE2D69EFB101372DB772">Systematic Entomology Laboratory, ARS, USDA, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D. C., 20013 - 7012, USA. &amp; alma. solis @ usda. gov; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0001 - 6379 - 1004</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6CA15442FE465CF2B015FF6625FE3889" type="email">alma.solis@usda.gov</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="A9CFBF175BC1BA9435849D932D1EE4B3">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="7FCD34D160DA56B0F49F9E61678D8CCA">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="A386A9FF55F2F292C6FC68E9951FEEC5">2021-03-12</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="0D2157A16F59E27520142EC0633F840C">4942</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="AB540CA50DA025575722F20D4A9367E5" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4942.2.8</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03AC45679F13FFFBFF53A545FCE3F8FF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4600601" ID-GBIF-Taxon="180689209" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4600601" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:AC1D62F5-881A-45C9-A782-B77A58E38460" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03AC45679F13FFFBFF53A545FCE3F8FF" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="280" pageId="7" pageNumber="276">
<subSubSection id="C31FA7FA9F13FFF7FF53A545FC80F945" pageId="7" pageNumber="276" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BBAF4719F13FFF7FF53A545FD5CF987" blockId="7.[151,677,1590,1617]" box="[151,677,1590,1617]" pageId="7" pageNumber="276">
<heading id="D0F2431D9F13FFF7FF53A545FD5CF987" bold="true" box="[151,677,1590,1617]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" pageNumber="276" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B97128639F13FFF7FF53A545FD5CF987" bold="true" box="[151,677,1590,1617]" pageId="7" pageNumber="276">
<taxonomicName id="4C058FF29F13FFF7FF53A545FDC3F986" authority="Diskus &amp; Stonis" authorityName="Diskus &amp; Stonis" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,570,1590,1617]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="276" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incaica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97128639F13FFF7FF53A545FE90F987" bold="true" box="[151,361,1590,1617]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="276">Stigmella incaica</emphasis>
Diškus &amp; Stonis
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24295189F13FFF7FD83A544FD5CF987" box="[583,677,1591,1617]" pageId="7" pageNumber="276" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<uri id="FF94F8739F13FFF7FF53A508FC80F945" box="[151,889,1659,1683]" pageId="7" pageNumber="276">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="FFA3CEA49F13FFF7FE55A508FC80F945" box="[401,889,1659,1683]" pageId="7" pageNumber="276">AC1D62F5-881A-45C9-A782-B77A58E38460</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31FA7FA9F13FFF7FF53A5C8FD36F897" pageId="7" pageNumber="276" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BBAF4719F13FFF7FF53A5C8FD36F897" blockId="7.[151,1437,1722,2037]" pageId="7" pageNumber="276">
<emphasis id="B97128639F13FFF7FF53A5C8FEB2F902" bold="true" box="[151,331,1722,1749]" pageId="7" pageNumber="276">Type material.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B6DFE2C9F13FFF7FE93A5C8FEA3F8CB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3061054304" collectingDate="2018-06-23" collectingDateMax="2018-07" collectingDateMin="2018-06-23" collectionCode="ZIN" collectorName="Arotaype-Puma" country="Peru" elevation="1270" latitude="-13.006111" location="Cerro Quintalpata" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.61222" municipality="La Convencion Province" pageId="7" pageNumber="276" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Cusco" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54BE4AD39F13FFF7FE93A5C8FE46F903" box="[343,447,1723,1749]" pageId="7" pageNumber="276" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="9D033FF89F13FFF7FE08A5C8FE1AF903" box="[460,483,1723,1749]" pageId="7" pageNumber="276" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry id="F312B4E19F13FFF7FE30A5C8FDB9F903" box="[500,576,1723,1749]" name="Peru" pageId="7" pageNumber="276">PERU</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="49C13A939F13FFF7FD94A5C8FD0EF903" box="[592,759,1723,1749]" country="Peru" name="Cusco" pageId="7" pageNumber="276">Cusco Region</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BDE6E0B9F13FFF7FCC3A5C8FBD2F903" box="[775,1067,1723,1749]" pageId="7" pageNumber="276">La Convención Province</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EDAA2AA9F13FFF7FBF8A5C8FAF7F903" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03AC45679F13FFFBFF53A545FCE3F8FF:8EDAA2AA9F13FFF7FBF8A5C8FAF7F903" box="[1084,1294,1723,1749]" country="Peru" latitude="-13.006111" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.61222" municipality="La Convencion Province" name="Cerro Quintalpata" pageId="7" pageNumber="276" stateProvince="Cusco">Cerro Quintalpata</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE3192B69F13FFF7FADBA5C8FA6EF903" box="[1311,1431,1723,1749]" degrees="13" direction="south" minutes="0" orientation="latitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="276" precision="15" seconds="22" value="-13.006111">13°0’22”S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE3192B69F13FFF7FF53A5ACFEDFF92F" box="[151,294,1759,1785]" degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="36" orientation="longitude" pageId="7" pageNumber="276" precision="15" seconds="44" value="-72.61222">72°36’44”W</geoCoordinate>
,
<elevation id="002813429F13FFF7FEF6A5ACFE0EF92F" box="[306,503,1759,1785]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="7" pageNumber="276" unit="m" value="1270.0">
elevation
<quantity id="4CFD59949F13FFF7FE64A5ACFE0EF92F" box="[416,503,1759,1785]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="7" pageNumber="276" unit="m" value="1270.0">1270 m</quantity>
</elevation>
, mining larva
<date id="FFBBD2B19F13FFF7FD5CA5ACFCEBF92F" box="[664,786,1759,1785]" pageId="7" pageNumber="276" value="2018-06-23">
<collectingDate id="EFFF2B599F13FFF7FD5CA5ACFCEBF92F" box="[664,786,1759,1785]" pageId="7" pageNumber="276" value="2018-06-23">23.vi.2018</collectingDate>
</date>
, ex pupa
<date id="FFBBD2B19F13FFF7FCB9A5ACFC25F92F" box="[893,988,1759,1785]" pageId="7" pageNumber="276" value="2018-07">
<collectingDate id="EFFF2B599F13FFF7FCB9A5ACFC25F92F" box="[893,988,1759,1785]" pageId="7" pageNumber="276" value="2018-07">vii.2018</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="26F091A79F13FFF7FBD2A5ACFB33F92F" box="[1046,1226,1759,1785]" pageId="7" pageNumber="276">Arotaype-Puma</collectorName>
, genitalia slide no. AD1030
<specimenCount id="9D033FF89F13FFF7FF3EA470FEF4F8CB" box="[250,269,1795,1821]" pageId="7" pageNumber="276" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED146CB49F13FFF7FEDAA470FEABF8CB" box="[286,338,1795,1821]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="7" pageNumber="276" type="Museum">ZIN</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<typeStatus id="54BE4AD39F13FFF7FEA3A470FE21F8CB" box="[359,472,1795,1821]" pageId="7" pageNumber="276" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="9D033FF89F13FFF7FE21A470FDEAF8CB" box="[485,531,1795,1821]" pageId="7" pageNumber="276" type="male">3 ♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D033FF89F13FFF7FDE5A470FDB4F8CB" box="[545,589,1795,1821]" pageId="7" pageNumber="276" type="female">6 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B6DFE2C9F13FFF7FD99A470FB18F8CB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3061054302" box="[605,1249,1795,1821]" collectingDate="2018-06-23" collectingDateMax="2018-07" collectingDateMin="2018-06-23" collectionCode="ZIN" collectorName="Arotaype-Puma" country="Peru" elevation="1270" latitude="-13.006111" location="Cerro Quintalpata" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.61222" municipality="La Convencion Province" pageId="7" pageNumber="276" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Cusco" typeStatus="paratype">same label data as holotype, genitalia slide nos AD1029</materialsCitation>
<specimenCount id="9D033FF89F13FFF7FB25A470FB0DF8CB" box="[1249,1268,1795,1821]" pageId="7" pageNumber="276" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
(from adult in pupal skin, no moths preserved), AD1028
<materialsCitation id="3B6DFE2C9F13FFF7FDB6A454FD32F897" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3061054303" box="[626,715,1831,1857]" collectionCode="ZIN" country="Peru" pageId="7" pageNumber="276" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Cusco" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="9D033FF89F13FFF7FDB6A454FD79F897" box="[626,640,1831,1857]" pageId="7" pageNumber="276" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="ED146CB49F13FFF7FD4BA454FD3AF897" box="[655,707,1831,1857]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/z2y8-2jfr" name="Russian Academy of Sciences, Zoological Institute, Zoological Museum" pageId="7" pageNumber="276" type="Museum">ZIN</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31FA7FA9F13FFFBFF03A439FC8BF9DF" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="280" pageId="7" pageNumber="276" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BBAF4719F13FFF7FF03A439FBE2F823" blockId="7.[151,1437,1722,2037]" pageId="7" pageNumber="276">
<emphasis id="B97128639F13FFF7FF03A439FEBBF8B2" bold="true" box="[199,322,1866,1892]" pageId="7" pageNumber="276">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
This species belongs to the
<taxonomicName id="4C058FF29F13FFF7FD46A438FCC8F8B2" authorityName="Remeikis &amp; Stonis" authorityYear="2016" box="[642,817,1867,1893]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="276" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nivea">
<emphasis id="B97128639F13FFF7FD46A438FCC8F8B2" box="[642,817,1867,1893]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="276">Stigmella nivea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group (see
<bibRefCitation id="EF9489809F13FFF7FC72A438FB70F8B3" author="Stonis, J. R. &amp; Diskus, A. &amp; Remeikis, A. &amp; Karsholt, O. &amp; Cumbicus Torres, N." box="[950,1161,1867,1893]" pageId="7" pageNumber="276" pagination="1 - 70" refId="ref12032" refString="Stonis, J. R., Diskus, A., Remeikis, A., Karsholt, O. &amp; Cumbicus Torres, N. (2017 a) Illustrated review of the leaf-mining Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera) of the central Andes (Peru and Bolivia). Zootaxa, 4257 (1), 1 - 70. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4257.1.1" type="journal article" year="2017">
Stonis
<emphasis id="B97128639F13FFF7FBC0A438FBCFF8B3" box="[1028,1078,1867,1893]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="276">et al</emphasis>
. 2017a
</bibRefCitation>
for group diagnosis). In the male genitalia, the combination of the gnathos with two well-separated caudal processes, the wide uncus with four distinctive caudal papillae, and a unique set of four clusters of sizewise different cornuti in the phallus easily distinguishes
<taxonomicName id="4C058FF29F13FFF7FEF5A4C4FE66F806" authority="Stonis &amp; Remeikis &amp; Diškus &amp; Baryshnikova &amp; Solis, 2021" authorityName="Stonis &amp; Remeikis &amp; Diškus &amp; Baryshnikova &amp; Solis" authorityYear="2021" box="[305,415,1975,2001]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="276" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incaica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97128639F13FFF7FEF5A4C4FE66F806" box="[305,415,1975,2001]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="276">S. incaica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97128639F13FFF7FE63A4C4FDFBF807" bold="true" box="[423,514,1975,2001]" pageId="7" pageNumber="276">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24295189F13FFF7FE63A4C4FDFBF807" box="[423,514,1975,2001]" pageId="7" pageNumber="276" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
from all members of the
<taxonomicName id="4C058FF29F13FFF7FCE5A4C4FC82F806" authorityName="Remeikis &amp; Stonis" authorityYear="2016" box="[801,891,1975,2001]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="276" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nivea">
<emphasis id="B97128639F13FFF7FCE5A4C4FC82F806" box="[801,891,1975,2001]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="276">S. nivea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, including the most similar Ecuadorian
<taxonomicName id="4C058FF29F13FFF7FA43A4C4FE09F823" authority="Diskus &amp; Stonis" authorityName="Diskus &amp; Stonis" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="276" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicibrunella">
<emphasis id="B97128639F13FFF7FA43A4C4FED7F823" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="276">S. apicibrunella</emphasis>
Diškus &amp; Stonis
</taxonomicName>
, described and illustrated in
<bibRefCitation id="EF9489809F13FFF7FCF4A4A8FBEFF823" author="Stonis, J. R. &amp; Remeikis, A. &amp; Diskus, A. &amp; Megoran, N." box="[816,1046,2011,2037]" pageId="7" pageNumber="276" pagination="1 - 39" refId="ref13092" refString="Stonis, J. R., Remeikis, A., Diskus, A. &amp; Megoran, N. (2017 c) New species of leaf-mining Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera) from the Neotropical and Ando-Patagonian regions, with new data on host-plants. Zootaxa, 4272 (1), 1 - 39. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4272.1.1" type="journal article" year="2017">
Stonis
<emphasis id="B97128639F13FFF7FCB9A4A8FC57F823" box="[893,942,2011,2037]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="276">et al</emphasis>
. (2017c)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF7AA4F99F1CFFF8FF53A411FE97F849" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4600609" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4600609" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4600609/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" startId="8.[151,264,1890,1914]" targetBox="[166,1415,184,1859]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="8BBAF4719F1CFFF8FF53A411FE97F849" blockId="8.[151,1436,1890,1951]" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">
<emphasis id="B97128639F1CFFF8FF53A411FEB0F8AD" bold="true" box="[151,329,1890,1915]" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">FIGURES 8–10.</emphasis>
Adults of
<taxonomicName id="4C058FF29F1CFFF8FE7CA410FCE4F8AD" authority="Diskus &amp; Stonis" authorityName="Diskus &amp; Stonis" authorityYear="2021" box="[440,797,1891,1915]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incaica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97128639F1CFFF8FE7CA410FD93F8AC" box="[440,618,1891,1915]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">Stigmella incaica</emphasis>
Diškus &amp; Stonis
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B97128639F1CFFF8FCECA410FC83F8AD" bold="true" box="[808,890,1891,1915]" pageId="8" pageNumber="277">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24295189F1CFFF8FCECA410FC83F8AD" box="[808,890,1891,1915]" pageId="8" pageNumber="277" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
8, female, paratype; 9, another female, paratype; 10, male, paratype (ZIN)
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF7AA4F99F1DFFF9FF53A415FBEAF811" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4600611" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4600611" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4600611/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="278" startId="9.[151,264,1894,1918]" targetBox="[173,1417,187,1864]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph id="8BBAF4719F1DFFF9FF53A415FBEAF811" blockId="9.[151,1437,1894,1991]" pageId="9" pageNumber="278">
<emphasis id="B97128639F1DFFF9FF53A415FEAFF8A8" bold="true" box="[151,342,1894,1918]" pageId="9" pageNumber="278">FIGURES 11–15.</emphasis>
Male genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="4C058FF29F1DFFF9FDDEA414FC7CF8A9" authority="Diskus &amp; Stonis" authorityName="Diskus &amp; Stonis" authorityYear="2021" box="[538,901,1895,1919]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="278" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incaica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97128639F1DFFF9FDDEA414FD37F8A8" box="[538,718,1895,1919]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="278">Stigmella incaica</emphasis>
Diškus &amp; Stonis
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B97128639F1DFFF9FC56A414FC1FF8A9" bold="true" box="[914,998,1895,1919]" pageId="9" pageNumber="278">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24295189F1DFFF9FC56A414FC1FF8A9" box="[914,998,1895,1919]" pageId="9" pageNumber="278" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
11, paratype, genitalia slide no. AD1029, uncus; 12, same, gnathos and transtilla; 13, same, capsule with phallus removed, ventral view; 14, holotype, genitalia slide no. AD1030, capsule, with phallus partially removed, ventral view; 15, same, phallus (ZIN)
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF7AA4F99F1EFFFAFF53A40AFB14F863" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4600613" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4600613" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4600613/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="279" startId="10.[151,264,1913,1937]" targetBox="[167,1417,187,1881]" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="8BBAF4719F1EFFFAFF53A40AFB14F863" blockId="10.[151,1437,1913,1974]" pageId="10" pageNumber="279">
<emphasis id="B97128639F1EFFFAFF53A40AFEADF847" bold="true" box="[151,340,1913,1937]" pageId="10" pageNumber="279">FIGURES 16–21.</emphasis>
Genitalia of
<taxonomicName id="4C058FF29F1EFFFAFE1EA40AFCC3F847" authority="Diskus &amp; Stonis" authorityName="Diskus &amp; Stonis" authorityYear="2021" box="[474,826,1913,1937]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="279" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incaica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97128639F1EFFFAFE1EA40AFD72F847" box="[474,651,1913,1937]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="279">Stigmella incaica</emphasis>
Diškus &amp; Stonis
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B97128639F1EFFFAFC80A40AFC6CF847" bold="true" box="[836,917,1913,1937]" pageId="10" pageNumber="279">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24295189F1EFFFAFC80A40AFC6CF847" box="[836,917,1913,1937]" pageId="10" pageNumber="279" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
16, 17, male genitalia, paratype, genitalia slide no. AD1029, phallus; 18, same, lateral view; 19–21, female genitalia, paratype, genitalia slide no. AD1028 (ZIN)
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BBAF4719F1FFFFBFF03A3E4FB42FF03" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1833]" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">
In the female genitalia,
<taxonomicName id="4C058FF29F1FFFFBFE0BA3E4FDC5FF66" authority="Stonis &amp; Remeikis &amp; Diškus &amp; Baryshnikova &amp; Solis, 2021" authorityName="Stonis &amp; Remeikis &amp; Diškus &amp; Baryshnikova &amp; Solis" authorityYear="2021" box="[463,572,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incaica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97128639F1FFFFBFE0BA3E4FDC5FF66" box="[463,572,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">S. incaica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97128639F1FFFFBFD87A3E4FD65FF67" bold="true" box="[579,668,151,177]" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24295189F1FFFFBFD87A3E4FD65FF67" box="[579,668,151,177]" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
is very similar to
<taxonomicName id="4C058FF29F1FFFFBFCA1A3E4FBE1FF67" box="[869,1048,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicibrunella">
<emphasis id="B97128639F1FFFFBFCA1A3E4FBE1FF67" box="[869,1048,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">S. apicibrunella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but differs in the presence of only a few indistinctive spines in the ductus spermathecae that in
<taxonomicName id="4C058FF29F1FFFFBFCF9A3C8FC09FF03" box="[829,1008,187,213]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicibrunella">
<emphasis id="B97128639F1FFFFBFCF9A3C8FC09FF03" box="[829,1008,187,213]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">S. apicibrunella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is heavily spined.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBAF4719F1FFFFBFF03A3ACFB58FEC8" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1833]" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">
Externally,
<taxonomicName id="4C058FF29F1FFFFBFE8EA3ACFE42FF2E" authority="Stonis &amp; Remeikis &amp; Diškus &amp; Baryshnikova &amp; Solis, 2021" authorityName="Stonis &amp; Remeikis &amp; Diškus &amp; Baryshnikova &amp; Solis" authorityYear="2021" box="[330,443,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incaica" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B97128639F1FFFFBFE8EA3ACFE42FF2E" box="[330,443,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">S. incaica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B97128639F1FFFFBFE01A3ACFDD8FF2F" bold="true" box="[453,545,223,249]" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A24295189F1FFFFBFE01A3ACFDD8FF2F" box="[453,545,223,249]" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
may be easily distinguished from all species of the
<taxonomicName id="4C058FF29F1FFFFBFBBAA3ACFB23FF2E" authorityName="Remeikis &amp; Stonis" authorityYear="2016" box="[1150,1242,223,249]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nivea">
<emphasis id="B97128639F1FFFFBFBBAA3ACFB23FF2E" box="[1150,1242,223,249]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">S. nivea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, except
<taxonomicName id="4C058FF29F1FFFFBFA43A3ACFED7FECB" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicibrunella">
<emphasis id="B97128639F1FFFFBFA43A3ACFED7FECB" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">S. apicibrunella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, by the distinctly dark apex of the generally pale forewing (also see Remarks).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBAF4719F1FFFFBFF03A254FAC7FD7C" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1833]" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">
<emphasis id="B97128639F1FFFFBFF03A254FEFDFE97" bold="true" box="[199,260,295,321]" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">Male</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="133EE8F49F1FFFFBFED7A254FE9FFE97" box="[275,358,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURES 8–10" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1890,1914]" captionTargetBox="[166,1415,184,1859]" captionTargetId="figure-20@8.[154,1434,181,1867]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 8–10. Adults of Stigmella incaica Diškus &amp; Stonis, sp. nov. 8, female, paratype; 9, another female, paratype; 10, male, paratype (ZIN)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4600609" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4600609/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
). Forewing length
<quantity id="4CFD59949F1FFFFBFDFEA255FD24FE97" box="[570,733,294,321]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.81" metricValueMax="1.87" metricValueMin="1.75" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" unit="mm" value="1.81" valueMax="1.87" valueMin="1.75">1.75–1.87 mm</quantity>
(n = 3, average mean = 1.83); wingspan
<quantity id="4CFD59949F1FFFFBFB6DA254FAB5FE97" box="[1193,1356,295,321]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.96" metricValueMax="4.09" metricValueMin="3.83" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" unit="mm" value="3.96" valueMax="4.09" valueMin="3.83">3.83–4.09 mm</quantity>
(n = 3, average mean =
<quantity id="4CFD59949F1FFFFBFE91A238FE65FEB3" box="[341,412,331,357]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
). Head: palpi golden cream; frontal tuft orange-ochre; collar large, comprised of lamellar, golden cream to ochreous yellow scales; scape golden cream to ochreous yellow; antenna shorter than half the length of forewing; flagellum with about 22–23 segments, grey to dark grey, golden glossy, with some purple iridescence. Thorax and tegula smoothly scaled, golden cream with some blue and purple iridescence. Forewing golden cream to ochreous yellow, with some blue and purple iridescence, but apically and narrowly along costal margin brown-black with purple iridescence; fringe grey, golden glossy, with some purple or blue iridescence; underside of forewing dark grey to black-grey except a cream, small, elongated spot at base, without androconia. Hindwing and its fringe grey to blackish grey, without spots or androconia. Legs golden glossy, yellow cream, on upper side covered with blackish grey scales with purple iridescence. Abdomen dark metallic grey to black-grey on upper side and laterally, golden cream to almost grey on underside; genital plates golden cream; anal tufts absent (or indistinctive).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBAF4719F1FFFFBFF03A1C0FBCBFCC3" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1833]" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">
<emphasis id="B97128639F1FFFFBFF03A1C0FEE7FD1B" bold="true" box="[199,286,691,717]" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">Female</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="133EE8F49F1FFFFBFEE9A1C0FE6AFD1B" box="[301,403,691,717]" captionStart="FIGURES 8–10" captionStartId="8.[151,264,1890,1914]" captionTargetBox="[166,1415,184,1859]" captionTargetId="figure-20@8.[154,1434,181,1867]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 8–10. Adults of Stigmella incaica Diškus &amp; Stonis, sp. nov. 8, female, paratype; 9, another female, paratype; 10, male, paratype (ZIN)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4600609" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4600609/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">Figs 8, 9</figureCitation>
). Forewing length
<quantity id="4CFD59949F1FFFFBFDADA1C1FCF5FD1B" box="[617,780,690,717]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="1.95" metricValueMin="1.75" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" unit="mm" value="1.85" valueMax="1.95" valueMin="1.75">1.75–1.95 mm</quantity>
(n = 5, average mean = 1.87); wingspan
<quantity id="4CFD59949F1FFFFBFB1FA1C0FA87FD1B" box="[1243,1406,691,717]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.045" metricValueMax="4.27" metricValueMin="3.82" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" unit="mm" value="4.045" valueMax="4.27" valueMin="3.82">3.82–4.27 mm</quantity>
(n = 5, average mean =
<quantity id="4CFD59949F1FFFFBFEBBA1A4FE1FFD27" box="[383,486,727,753]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.09" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" unit="mm" value="4.09">4.09 mm</quantity>
). Similar to male. Antenna 1/3 length of forewing; flagellum with about 18 segments. The brown-black apex of the forewing with stronger purple iridescence than male.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBAF4719F1FFFFBFF03A06CFDB3FBC7" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1833]" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">
<emphasis id="B97128639F1FFFFBFF03A06CFE8AFCEE" bold="true" box="[199,371,798,825]" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">Male genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="133EE8F49F1FFFFBFE47A06CFDFFFCEF" box="[387,518,799,825]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 11–15" captionStart-1="FIGURES 16–21" captionStartId-0="9.[151,264,1894,1918]" captionStartId-1="10.[151,264,1913,1937]" captionTargetBox-0="[173,1417,187,1864]" captionTargetBox-1="[167,1417,187,1881]" captionTargetId-0="figure-18@9.[163,1423,181,1870]" captionTargetId-1="figure-20@10.[160,1427,181,1889]" captionTargetPageId-0="9" captionTargetPageId-1="10" captionText-0="FIGURES 11–15. Male genitalia of Stigmella incaica Diškus &amp; Stonis, sp. nov. 11, paratype, genitalia slide no. AD1029, uncus; 12, same, gnathos and transtilla; 13, same, capsule with phallus removed, ventral view; 14, holotype, genitalia slide no. AD1030, capsule, with phallus partially removed, ventral view; 15, same, phallus (ZIN)" captionText-1="FIGURES 16–21. Genitalia of Stigmella incaica Diškus &amp; Stonis, sp. nov. 16, 17, male genitalia, paratype, genitalia slide no. AD1029, phallus; 18, same, lateral view; 19–21, female genitalia, paratype, genitalia slide no. AD1028 (ZIN)" figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4600611" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4600613" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4600611/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4600613/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">Figs 11–18</figureCitation>
). Capsule longer (210–215 μm) than wide (140–155 μm). Uncus wide, with four distinctive papillae caudally (
<figureCitation id="133EE8F49F1FFFFBFE2FA030FDB9FC8B" box="[491,576,835,861]" captionStart="FIGURES 11–15" captionStartId="9.[151,264,1894,1918]" captionTargetBox="[173,1417,187,1864]" captionTargetId="figure-18@9.[163,1423,181,1870]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURES 11–15. Male genitalia of Stigmella incaica Diškus &amp; Stonis, sp. nov. 11, paratype, genitalia slide no. AD1029, uncus; 12, same, gnathos and transtilla; 13, same, capsule with phallus removed, ventral view; 14, holotype, genitalia slide no. AD1030, capsule, with phallus partially removed, ventral view; 15, same, phallus (ZIN)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4600611" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4600611/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
). Gnathos with two very slender and well separated caudal processes and angular central plate. Valva 130–135 μm long, with two slender and sharp apical processes; transtilla without sublateral processes, lobe-like laterally. Juxta membranous, indistinctive. Vinculum with small pointed lateral lobes, and medium short ventral plate. Phallus (
<figureCitation id="133EE8F49F1FFFFBFDBEA0DCFD04FC1F" box="[634,765,942,969]" captionStart-0="FIGURES 11–15" captionStart-1="FIGURES 16–21" captionStartId-0="9.[151,264,1894,1918]" captionStartId-1="10.[151,264,1913,1937]" captionTargetBox-0="[173,1417,187,1864]" captionTargetBox-1="[167,1417,187,1881]" captionTargetId-0="figure-18@9.[163,1423,181,1870]" captionTargetId-1="figure-20@10.[160,1427,181,1889]" captionTargetPageId-0="9" captionTargetPageId-1="10" captionText-0="FIGURES 11–15. Male genitalia of Stigmella incaica Diškus &amp; Stonis, sp. nov. 11, paratype, genitalia slide no. AD1029, uncus; 12, same, gnathos and transtilla; 13, same, capsule with phallus removed, ventral view; 14, holotype, genitalia slide no. AD1030, capsule, with phallus partially removed, ventral view; 15, same, phallus (ZIN)" captionText-1="FIGURES 16–21. Genitalia of Stigmella incaica Diškus &amp; Stonis, sp. nov. 16, 17, male genitalia, paratype, genitalia slide no. AD1029, phallus; 18, same, lateral view; 19–21, female genitalia, paratype, genitalia slide no. AD1028 (ZIN)" figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4600611" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4600613" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4600611/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4600613/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">Figs 15–18</figureCitation>
) 220–260 μm long, 60–85 μm wide; vesica with a wide, distinctly interrupted band of cornuti comprised of four clusters: three clusters of large spine-like cornuti and one cluster of very large, horn-like cornuti.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBAF4719F1FFFFBFF03A768FC75FADB" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1833]" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">
<emphasis id="B97128639F1FFFFBFF03A768FE74FBE2" bold="true" box="[199,397,1050,1077]" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">Female genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="133EE8F49F1FFFFBFE59A768FDD9FBE3" box="[413,544,1051,1077]" captionStart="FIGURES 16–21" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1913,1937]" captionTargetBox="[167,1417,187,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-20@10.[160,1427,181,1889]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 16–21. Genitalia of Stigmella incaica Diškus &amp; Stonis, sp. nov. 16, 17, male genitalia, paratype, genitalia slide no. AD1029, phallus; 18, same, lateral view; 19–21, female genitalia, paratype, genitalia slide no. AD1028 (ZIN)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4600613" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4600613/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">Figs 19–21</figureCitation>
). Total length about 950 μm. Anterior and posterior apophyses equal in length; anterior apophyses slender only distally, gradually widened proximally; posterior apophyses very slender all their length. Vestibulum narrow, without sclerites. Corpus bursae with a very large and wide, heavily folded part and a large, about 400 μm long, 280 μm wide basal body; pectinations distinctive, forming a band-like structure somehow resembling a weakly developed signum (see
<figureCitation id="133EE8F49F1FFFFBFD68A7D8FCFCFB13" box="[684,773,1195,1221]" captionStart="FIGURES 16–21" captionStartId="10.[151,264,1913,1937]" captionTargetBox="[167,1417,187,1881]" captionTargetId="figure-20@10.[160,1427,181,1889]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 16–21. Genitalia of Stigmella incaica Diškus &amp; Stonis, sp. nov. 16, 17, male genitalia, paratype, genitalia slide no. AD1029, phallus; 18, same, lateral view; 19–21, female genitalia, paratype, genitalia slide no. AD1028 (ZIN)" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4600613" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4600613/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
). Accessory sac indistinctive, very small, folded; ductus spermathecae wide but with few indistinctive spines proximally, with a lobe-like vesicle, without coils. Abdominal apex tapered into relatively slender, but distally rounded ovipositor.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBAF4719F1FFFFBFF03A665FB3CFA17" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1833]" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">
<emphasis id="B97128639F1FFFFBFF03A665FEBAFAE6" bold="true" box="[199,323,1302,1328]" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">Bionomics</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="133EE8F49F1FFFFBFE91A664FE22FAE4" box="[341,475,1303,1330]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–26" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1894,1918]" captionTargetBox="[156,1434,189,1865]" captionTargetId="figure-20@12.[149,1439,181,1870]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 22–26. Bionomics of Stigmella incaica Diškus &amp; Stonis, sp. nov. 22, host plant (unidentified); 23–26, leaf mines, Peru, Cusco Region, La Convención Province, Cerro Quintalpata, 13°0’22”S, 72°36’44”W, elevation 1270 m" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4600615" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4600615/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">Figs 22–26</figureCitation>
). Host plant is unknown (unidentified, possibly
<taxonomicName id="4C058FF29F1FFFFBFBCDA664FB8AFAE7" box="[1033,1139,1303,1329]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Acalypha" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B97128639F1FFFFBFBCDA664FB8AFAE7" box="[1033,1139,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">Acalypha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.,
<taxonomicName id="4C058FF29F1FFFFBFB69A664FAACFAE4" box="[1197,1365,1303,1330]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Euphorbiaceae</taxonomicName>
) (
<figureCitation id="133EE8F49F1FFFFBFAABA664FF4EFA83" captionStart="FIGURES 22–26" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1894,1918]" captionTargetBox="[156,1434,189,1865]" captionTargetId="figure-20@12.[149,1439,181,1870]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 22–26. Bionomics of Stigmella incaica Diškus &amp; Stonis, sp. nov. 22, host plant (unidentified); 23–26, leaf mines, Peru, Cusco Region, La Convención Province, Cerro Quintalpata, 13°0’22”S, 72°36’44”W, elevation 1270 m" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4600615" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4600615/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
). Larva pale greyish green with a dark green intestine and dark brown head; mines in leaves in June. Leaf mine (
<figureCitation id="133EE8F49F1FFFFBFF5BA62CFED8FAAC" box="[159,289,1375,1402]" captionStart="FIGURES 22–26" captionStartId="12.[151,264,1894,1918]" captionTargetBox="[156,1434,189,1865]" captionTargetId="figure-20@12.[149,1439,181,1870]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 22–26. Bionomics of Stigmella incaica Diškus &amp; Stonis, sp. nov. 22, host plant (unidentified); 23–26, leaf mines, Peru, Cusco Region, La Convención Province, Cerro Quintalpata, 13°0’22”S, 72°36’44”W, elevation 1270 m" figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4600615" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4600615/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">Figs 23–26</figureCitation>
) starts as a very slender sinuous or contorted gallery with a slender line of black, occasionally blackbrown frass; further on, the gallery gradually widens and frass is dispersed; at the final part of the gallery, the frass is collected in a slender, central line. Larval exit slit on upper side of the leaf. Adults fly in July.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BBAF4719F1FFFFBFF03A6B9FC8BF9DF" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1833]" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">
<emphasis id="B97128639F1FFFFBFF03A6B9FE93FA33" bold="true" box="[199,362,1482,1509]" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">DNA Barcode</emphasis>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B6DFE2C9F1FFFFBFEB2A6B8FC97F9DF" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3061054301" accessionNumber="MW438869" collectionCode="MW" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
One whole female specimen of the type series was COI barcoded, but not the
<typeStatus id="54BE4AD39F1FFFFBFB78A6B8FADBFA33" box="[1212,1314,1483,1509]" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
; sequences are available in GenBank under voucher/sample no.
<accessionNumber id="945669929F1FFFFBFD27A69CFC97F9DF" box="[739,878,1519,1545]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/MW438869" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">
<collectionCode id="ED146CB49F1FFFFBFD27A69CFCE1F9DF" box="[739,792,1519,1545]" country="Netherlands" name="Museum Wasmann" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">MW</collectionCode>
438869
</accessionNumber>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31FA7FA9F1FFFFBFF03A561FEC0F987" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BBAF4719F1FFFFBFF03A561FEC0F987" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1833]" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">
<emphasis id="B97128639F1FFFFBFF03A561FEA0F9FA" bold="true" box="[199,345,1554,1580]" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">Distribution</emphasis>
. This species occurs on the eastern slopes of the Peruvian Andes (
<collectingCountry id="F312B4E19F1FFFFBFBF0A560FB95F9FB" box="[1076,1132,1555,1581]" name="Peru" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">Peru</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49C13A939F1FFFFBFBB2A560FAEFF9F8" box="[1142,1302,1555,1582]" country="Peru" name="Cusco" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">Cusco Region</collectingRegion>
) at altitudes about
<quantity id="4CFD59949F1FFFFBFF18A544FECDF987" box="[220,308,1591,1617]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" unit="m" value="1300.0">1300 m</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31FA7FA9F1FFFFBFF03A528FB79F96B" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BBAF4719F1FFFFBFF03A528FB79F96B" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1833]" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">
<emphasis id="B97128639F1FFFFBFF03A528FEB1F9A3" bold="true" box="[199,328,1627,1653]" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">Etymology</emphasis>
. The species name is derived from the Spanish
<emphasis id="B97128639F1FFFFBFC8AA528FC59F9A2" box="[846,928,1627,1652]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">incaico</emphasis>
or
<emphasis id="B97128639F1FFFFBFC06A528FBE6F9A3" box="[962,1055,1627,1653]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">incásico</emphasis>
(pertaining to the Incas; feminine) referring to the locality where the species was collected by our Quechua counterpart in the historical centre of the ancient Inca Empire in the Lucumayo river valley with close proximity to Machu Picchu.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C31FA7FA9F1FFFFBFF03A5B4FCE3F8FF" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BBAF4719F1FFFFBFF03A5B4FCE3F8FF" blockId="11.[151,1437,151,1833]" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">
<emphasis id="B97128639F1FFFFBFF03A5B4FEC2F937" bold="true" box="[199,315,1735,1761]" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">Remarks.</emphasis>
Note that
<taxonomicName id="4C058FF29F1FFFFBFE71A5B4FD90F937" box="[437,617,1735,1761]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apicibrunella">
<emphasis id="B97128639F1FFFFBFE71A5B4FD90F937" box="[437,617,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">S. apicibrunella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="EF9489809F1FFFFBFD63A5B4FC87F937" author="Stonis, J. R. &amp; Remeikis, A. &amp; Diskus, A. &amp; Megoran, N." box="[679,894,1735,1761]" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" pagination="1 - 39" refId="ref13092" refString="Stonis, J. R., Remeikis, A., Diskus, A. &amp; Megoran, N. (2017 c) New species of leaf-mining Nepticulidae (Lepidoptera) from the Neotropical and Ando-Patagonian regions, with new data on host-plants. Zootaxa, 4272 (1), 1 - 39. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4272.1.1" type="journal article" year="2017">
Stonis
<emphasis id="B97128639F1FFFFBFD32A5B4FCD1F937" box="[758,808,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">et al</emphasis>
. 2017c
</bibRefCitation>
) is larger than
<taxonomicName id="4C058FF29F1FFFFBFBEFA5B4FB63F936" authorityName="Stonis &amp; Remeikis &amp; Diškus &amp; Baryshnikova &amp; Solis" authorityYear="2021" box="[1067,1178,1735,1761]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incaica">
<emphasis id="B97128639F1FFFFBFBEFA5B4FB63F936" box="[1067,1178,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">S. incaica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in all size parameters: the wingspan and male or female genitalia. Based on molecular data, the exact position of
<taxonomicName id="4C058FF29F1FFFFBFB4DA598FB0EF8D2" authorityName="Stonis &amp; Remeikis &amp; Diškus &amp; Baryshnikova &amp; Solis" authorityYear="2021" box="[1161,1271,1771,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="incaica">
<emphasis id="B97128639F1FFFFBFB4DA598FB0EF8D2" box="[1161,1271,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">S. incaica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the
<taxonomicName id="4C058FF29F1FFFFBFA80A598FA64F8D2" authorityName="Remeikis &amp; Stonis" authorityYear="2016" box="[1348,1437,1771,1797]" class="Insecta" family="Nepticulidae" genus="Stigmella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="280" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nivea">
<emphasis id="B97128639F1FFFFBFA80A598FA64F8D2" box="[1348,1437,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">S. nivea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group will be discussed separately (Stonis
<emphasis id="B97128639F1FFFFBFDB1A47CFCF3F8FE" box="[629,778,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="280">et al. in prep.</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>
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