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<mods:title id="B183216CBBFCCDE00B581A6892825446">Morphology and Systematics of Kalophrynus interlineatus-pleurostigma Populations (Anura: Microhylidae: Kalophryninae) and a Taxonomy of the Genus Kalophrynus Tschudi, Asian Sticky Frogs</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="4C2CA9C2CC44FFE2FFD05884FB0265BA" ID-CoL="6NJRB" authority="Kiew, 1984 Balu Sticky Frog" authorityName="Kiew" authorityYear="1984" box="[123,1166,1166,1190]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" pageNumber="154" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baluensis">
<emphasis id="B9580E53CC44FFE2FFD05884FB0265BA" bold="true" box="[123,1166,1166,1190]" pageId="19" pageNumber="154">
<emphasis id="B9580E53CC44FFE2FFD05884FEF465BA" bold="true" box="[123,376,1166,1190]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="154">Kalophrynus baluensis</emphasis>
Kiew, 1984 Balu Sticky Frog
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<taxonomicName id="4C2CA9C2CC44FFE2FFD058B3FE5665D3" ID-CoL="6NJRB" authority="Kiew, 1984 a" authorityName="Kiew" authorityYear="1984" box="[123,474,1209,1231]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="19" pageNumber="154" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baluensis">
<emphasis id="B9580E53CC44FFE2FFD058B3FED465D2" box="[123,344,1209,1230]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="154">Kalophrynus baluensis</emphasis>
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,
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38:152 [
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locality: “Kamborangoh at
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,
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”,
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.
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.—
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:
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51, by original designation.
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.— Small, adult females 24.725.8* mm
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(
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2), adult males 25.8 26.3* mm
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(
<emphasis id="B9580E53CC44FFE2FF585944FE956479" box="[243,281,1358,1381]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="154">n =</emphasis>
2) [*see Comments]; head moderately long 3133 % HeadL/
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; head slightly wider than long 104106 % HeadW/HeadL; naris closer to snout than to eye 5972 % NarEye/SnEye; eye moderately large 3637 % EyeD/HeadL; tympanum visible and smaller than eye 7779 % Tymp/EyeD; slender moderately long forelimb 2931 % Forarm/
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and forearm to crus length NA % Forarm/CrusL; hindlimb moderately long NA % HndlL/
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, 3940 % CrusL/
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, and NA % CrusL/ThghL; hindfoot well developed NA % HndfL/CrusL.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B93D241CC44FFE2FF005A07FF576759" blockId="19.[123,1174,1293,1701]" pageId="19" pageNumber="154">Vomerine teeth absence; palatal fold morphology not reported; tongue size and shape not reported.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B93D241CC44FFE5FF005A47FE28602F" blockId="19.[123,1174,1293,1701]" lastBlockId="20.[123,1174,219,953]" lastPageId="20" lastPageNumber="155" pageId="19" pageNumber="154">Fingers no webbing; lengths 3&gt;2&gt;1&gt;4; tips rounded and slightly dilated; subarticular tubercles present, shape and numbers on digits not reported; fleshy palmar tubercle, size and shape not reported. Toes moderately webbed, web extending to distal subarticular tubercle of toe 3 and between proximal and middle tubercle of toe 4, lengths 4&gt;3&gt;5&gt;2&gt;1; tips rounded, not dilated; subarticular tubercles present, number and shapes not reported; oval inner and round outer metatarsal tubercles poorly developed.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B93D241CC43FFE5FF005D36FC2960A8" blockId="20.[123,1174,219,953]" pageId="20" pageNumber="155">Color in life not known; dorsum brown with darker brown hour-glass mark from between eyes to mid-trunk with broad brown stripes radiating rearward, no inguinal ocelli (see Comments); loris dark brown; dark brown dorsolateral stripe from above eye to anterior trunk; sides of trunk dark spotted; venter tannish with numerous small dark spots from chin to pelvis.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33681CACC43FFE5FF005DB7FEC360E9" pageId="20" pageNumber="155" type="etymology">
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<emphasis id="B9580E53CC43FFE5FF005DB7FEB960CF" bold="true" box="[171,309,445,469]" pageId="20" pageNumber="155">ETYMOLOGY</emphasis>
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.— The name
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<emphasis id="B9580E53CC43FFE5FE645DB7FDB860C9" box="[463,564,445,469]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="155">baluensis</emphasis>
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derives from the frogs origin in the high montane forest of Mount Kinabalu.
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<emphasis id="B9580E53CC43FFE5FF005DF4FECF6308" bold="true" box="[171,323,510,534]" pageId="20" pageNumber="155">DISTRIBUTION</emphasis>
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.—
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<collectingRegion id="49E81CA3CC43FFE5FEC05DF7FE206309" box="[363,428,509,533]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="20" pageNumber="155">Sabah</collectingRegion>
, Borneo. Known only from upper slopes of
<location id="8EF3849ACC43FFE5FC215DF4FBB76309" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03856357CC44FFE5FFD05884FC6562A5:8EF3849ACC43FFE5FC215DF4FBB76309" box="[906,1083,509,533]" name="Mount Kinabalu" pageId="20" pageNumber="155" stateProvince="Sabah">Mount Kinabalu</location>
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.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B9580E53CC43FFE5FF005E14FE9D6328" bold="true" box="[171,273,542,566]" pageId="20" pageNumber="155">NATURAL</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B9580E53CC43FFE5FEB15E14FEF66328" bold="true" box="[282,378,542,566]" pageId="20" pageNumber="155">HISTORY</emphasis>
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.—
<taxonomicName id="4C2CA9C2CC43FFE5FE095E14FD16632A" authorityName="Kiew" authorityYear="1984" box="[418,666,542,566]" class="Amphibia" family="Microhylidae" genus="Kalophrynus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="20" pageNumber="155" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="baluensis">
<emphasis id="B9580E53CC43FFE5FE095E14FD16632A" box="[418,666,542,566]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="155">Kalophrynus baluensis</emphasis>
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is a high-elevation, forest-floor frog living in the leaf-litter of oak-chestnut forest between
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a.s.l. It calls predominantly at night and typically from burrows or forms. It appears to have an unique handstand defensive posture.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="B9580E53CC43FFE5FF005E74FEA46389" bold="true" box="[171,296,638,662]" pageId="20" pageNumber="155">COMMENTS</emphasis>
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.— Preceding information extracted from
<bibRefCitation id="EFBDAFB0CC43FFE5FD5E5E75FC07638B" author="KIEW, B. H." box="[757,907,639,663]" pageId="20" pageNumber="155" pagination="145 - 152" refId="ref37771" refString="KIEW, B. H. 1984 a. A new species of sticky frog (Kalophrynus palmatissimus n. sp.) from Peninsular Malaysia. Malayan Nature Journal 37: 145 - 152." type="journal article" year="1984">Kiew (1984a)</bibRefCitation>
. The description of this species in
<bibRefCitation id="EFBDAFB0CC43FFE5FF425E95FE5863AB" author="MALKMUS, R &amp; U. MANTHEY &amp; G. VOGEL &amp; P. HOFFMANN &amp; J. KOSUCH" box="[233,468,671,695]" pageId="20" pageNumber="155" refId="ref38012" refString="MALKMUS, R, U. MANTHEY, G. VOGEL, P. HOFFMANN, AND J. KOSUCH. 2002. Amphibians &amp; Reptiles of Mount Kinabalu (North Borneo) A. R. G. Gantner Verlag, Ruggell." type="book" year="2002">Malkmus et al. (2002)</bibRefCitation>
differs substantially from Kiews original description, and the formers characterization is summarized below. I accept their characterization as mostly correct and attribute the differences to Kiews data as a result of Kiew having juveniles and their examination of a larger series of adults.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B93D241CC43FFE5FF005F2AFC6562A5" blockId="20.[123,1174,219,953]" pageId="20" pageNumber="155">
Moderate-sized, adult females to
<quantity id="4CD47FA4CC43FFE5FDB35F2AFDEE6224" box="[536,610,800,824]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.7" pageId="20" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="47.0">47 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED3D4A84CC43FFE5FDC05F2AFD116224" box="[619,669,800,824]" pageId="20" pageNumber="155">SVL</collectionCode>
, adult males to
<quantity id="4CD47FA4CC43FFE5FCFB5F2AFC176224" box="[848,923,800,824]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" pageId="20" pageNumber="155" unit="mm" value="36.0">36 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="ED3D4A84CC43FFE5FC0F5F2AFC5A6224" box="[932,982,800,824]" pageId="20" pageNumber="155">SVL</collectionCode>
; head wider than long; tympanum smaller than eye 5075 % Tymp/EyeD, supratympanic fold present (their fig. 114); tips of fingers round, not dilated, finger length 3&gt;2&gt;1&gt;4; hindlimbs moderately long 3945 % CrusL/
<collectionCode id="ED3D4A84CC43FFE5FF485F8BFE996285" box="[227,277,897,921]" pageId="20" pageNumber="155">SVL</collectionCode>
; toes webbed at base; subarticular and metatarsal tubercles weakly developed; one to two yellow inguinal “ocelli” (not clear whether just spots or dark-edged spots).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>