169 lines
20 KiB
XML
169 lines
20 KiB
XML
<document id="9607DE54BE396B30DD6031F1590D522B" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222930400004412" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4668900" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1617793425961" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Curini-Galletti, Marco & Casu, Marco" docDate="2005" docId="FF0FDA1AFFDE4F669CC0FC8E5A8F5B1F" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.39.24.2187-2201.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 39 (24)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00222930400004412" docStyle="DocumentStyle:5A9EB2ED5589A523F0236C66DE2A6BA8.4:JNatHist.2005-2007.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="5A9EB2ED5589A523F0236C66DE2A6BA8" docStyleName="JNatHist.2005-2007.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Pseudomonocelis Meixner 1943" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="2194" masterDocId="0336A262FFD94F6E9C34FFDB5A725E24" masterDocTitle="Contribution to the knowledge of the genus Pseudomonocelis Meixner, 1943 (Rhabditophora: Proseriata)" masterLastPageNumber="2201" masterPageNumber="2187" pageNumber="2193" updateTime="1698901999805" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:title id="6789B63C10768037738B3B62AB995AA3">Contribution to the knowledge of the genus Pseudomonocelis Meixner, 1943 (Rhabditophora: Proseriata)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="EA21496D7656BA51A35A6CE02EFB7845">Curini-Galletti, Marco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="706B0CE711BEAF1322613BBE4A361CE2">Casu, Marco</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="9C3E79C8AC19C9455F5B8E6FAB9418D9">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="CB9BFE639C930838DC0639CD4AAA35F1">
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<mods:date id="288956E20123862F46CC9F38DEBF4A18">2005</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="50703E77888B570AA322206ED7469DBE">39</mods:number>
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<treatment id="FF0FDA1AFFDE4F669CC0FC8E5A8F5B1F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FF0FDA1AFFDE4F669CC0FC8E5A8F5B1F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FF0FDA1AFFDE4F669CC0FC8E5A8F5B1F" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="2194" pageId="7" pageNumber="2193">
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<subSubSection id="3FBC3887FFDE4F699CC0FC8E5E785D49" box="[244,1034,853,877]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2193" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="77196B0CFFDE4F699CC0FC8E5E785D49" blockId="7.[244,1034,853,910]" box="[244,1034,853,877]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2193">
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<heading id="2C51DC60FFDE4F699CC0FC8E5E785D49" box="[244,1034,853,877]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="2193" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="B0A6108FFFDE4F699CC0FC8E5BA65D49" authorityName="Meixner" authorityYear="1943" box="[244,468,853,877]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Monocelididae" genus="Pseudomonocelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="7" pageNumber="2193" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="45D2B71EFFDE4F699CC0FC8E5BA65D49" bold="true" box="[244,468,853,877]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2193">Pseudomonocelis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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cf.
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<emphasis id="45D2B71EFFDE4F699E37FC8E58EA5D49" bold="true" box="[515,664,853,877]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2193">caIJernicola</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="133716FDFFDE4F699E95FC8E5E785D49" author="Schockaert ER & Martens PM" box="[673,1034,853,877]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2193" pagination="101 - 115" refId="ref6576" refString="Schockaert ER, Martens PM. 1987. Turbellaria from Somalia. IV. The genus Pseudomonocelis Meixner, 1943. Monitore Zoologico Italiano 9: 101 - 115." type="journal article" year="1987">Schockaert and Martens, 1987</bibRefCitation>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="3FBC3887FFDE4F669E07FCAD5A8F5B1F" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="2194" pageId="7" pageNumber="2193" type="description">
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<paragraph id="77196B0CFFDE4F699E07FCAD58AA5DAA" blockId="7.[244,1034,853,910]" box="[563,728,886,910]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2193">
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(
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<figureCitation id="EF9D7789FFDE4F699E0FFCAD58BD5DAA" box="[571,719,886,910]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="4.[125,189,1553,1572]" captionTargetBox="[9,1128,133,1517]" captionTargetId="figure-1@4.[170,1128,133,1517]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 2. (A–C) Pseudomonocelis caribbea sp. n.: (A) copulatory organ; (B) female genital organs; (C) spermatogonial mitosis. (D–G) P. ophiocephala, spermatogonial mitoses from different populations: (D) CAL; (E) HAI; (F) MLK; (G) OCC. (H, I) P. cf. caυernicola: live animals showing cephalic pigmentation. (L) P. pardii: section of the female genital region at the ‘‘horizontal canal’’ level. See text for abbreviations. Scale bar: 5 Mm (C–G); 10 Mm (A, B, H, L); 100 Mm (I)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4668906" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4668906/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="2193">Figure 2H, I</figureCitation>
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)
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="77196B0CFFDE4F699CBEFC1C5B2A5DFB" blockId="7.[138,344,967,991]" box="[138,344,967,991]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2193">
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<emphasis id="45D2B71EFFDE4F699CBEFC1C5B2A5DFB" box="[138,344,967,991]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2193">Material examined</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="77196B0CFFDE4F699CBEFC2358B65A75" blockId="7.[138,1185,1016,1105]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2193">
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<collectingCountry id="0FB12B9CFFDE4F699CBEFC235A885A34" box="[138,250,1016,1040]" name="Tanzania" pageId="7" pageNumber="2193">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
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: Dongwe, east coast of
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<materialsCitation id="C7CE6151FFDE4F699E39FC2358B25A75" collectingDate="1999-01" country="Tanzania" location="Zanzibar" pageId="7" pageNumber="2193" specimenCount="1">
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<collectingCountry id="0FB12B9CFFDE4F699E39FC2358065A34" box="[525,628,1016,1040]" name="Tanzania" pageId="7" pageNumber="2193">Zanzibar</collectingCountry>
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island, upper intertidal in mixed sediment: silty medium-fine sand with shell fragments (
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<date id="03184DCCFFDE4F699EA3FBC359375A14" box="[663,837,1048,1072]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2193" value="1999-01">
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<collectingDate id="135CB424FFDE4F699EA3FBC359375A14" box="[663,837,1048,1072]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2193" value="1999-01">January 1999</collectingDate>
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</date>
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). Four specimens sagittally sectioned; four specimens studied karyologically
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="77196B0CFFDE4F699CBEFB525B715A85" blockId="7.[138,259,1161,1185]" box="[138,259,1161,1185]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2193">
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<emphasis id="45D2B71EFFDE4F699CBEFB525B715A85" box="[138,259,1161,1185]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2193">Description</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="77196B0CFFDE4F699CBEFB61589E5B37" blockId="7.[138,1185,1210,1299]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2193">
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The original description of
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<emphasis id="45D2B71EFFDE4F699DEAFB60580F5AF6" box="[478,637,1210,1234]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2193">P. caυernicola</emphasis>
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, based on specimens from the Somali coast (Hawadli, N of Mogadisciu), is particularly detailed. Only major differences from
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<bibRefCitation id="133716FDFFDE4F699CBEFB2058725B37" author="Schockaert ER & Martens PM" box="[138,512,1275,1299]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2193" pagination="101 - 115" refId="ref6576" refString="Schockaert ER, Martens PM. 1987. Turbellaria from Somalia. IV. The genus Pseudomonocelis Meixner, 1943. Monitore Zoologico Italiano 9: 101 - 115." type="journal article" year="1987">Schockaert and Martens (1987)</bibRefCitation>
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are dealt with here:
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="77196B0CFFDE4F699CBEFAE85B255BB0" blockId="7.[138,1185,1331,1685]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2193">
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• Somali specimens were unpigmented. Tanzanian specimens had an overall yellowish pigmentation, with a distinct, ovoid patch of dark brown pigment in front of the statocyst (
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<figureCitation id="EF9D7789FFDE4F699C86FAA75B345BB0" box="[178,326,1404,1428]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="4.[125,189,1553,1572]" captionTargetBox="[9,1128,133,1517]" captionTargetId="figure-1@4.[170,1128,133,1517]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 2. (A–C) Pseudomonocelis caribbea sp. n.: (A) copulatory organ; (B) female genital organs; (C) spermatogonial mitosis. (D–G) P. ophiocephala, spermatogonial mitoses from different populations: (D) CAL; (E) HAI; (F) MLK; (G) OCC. (H, I) P. cf. caυernicola: live animals showing cephalic pigmentation. (L) P. pardii: section of the female genital region at the ‘‘horizontal canal’’ level. See text for abbreviations. Scale bar: 5 Mm (C–G); 10 Mm (A, B, H, L); 100 Mm (I)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4668906" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4668906/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="2193">Figure 2H, I</figureCitation>
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).
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="77196B0CFFDE4F699CBEFA4859665811" blockId="7.[138,1185,1331,1685]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2193">
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• In Somali specimens, ventral ciliation begins just cranial of the accessory organ, with cilia 4–5
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<emphasis id="45D2B71EFFDE4F699D3BFA675B6C5BF0" box="[271,286,1468,1492]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2193">M</emphasis>
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m long, over all of the body. In Tanzanian specimens, ciliation begins anterior of the male pore, and ventral cilia, in the posterior region of the body, are particularly short (about 1–1.5
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<emphasis id="45D2B71EFFDE4F699DA5FA265BD25831" box="[401,416,1533,1557]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2193">M</emphasis>
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m long) and sparse. Cilia progressively increase in density and length anteriorly, reaching 2.5–3
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<emphasis id="45D2B71EFFDE4F699E1FF9C658485811" box="[555,570,1565,1589]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="2193">M</emphasis>
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m about midbody.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="77196B0CFFDE4F699CBEF9EF597E58B1" blockId="7.[138,1185,1331,1685]" pageId="7" pageNumber="2193">• In Somali specimens, vagina opens to the outside about midway between male pore and mouth. In Tanzanian specimens, distance between mouth and vagina is about one-third longer than distance between vagina and male pore.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="77196B0CFFD14F669C49FF5B58685F06" blockId="8.[125,1172,128,290]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2194">
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• Somali specimens had a nearly spherical copulatory bulb, about 90
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<emphasis id="45D2B71EFFD14F669F99FF5259CE5E85" box="[941,956,137,161]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2194">M</emphasis>
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m wide and 90
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<emphasis id="45D2B71EFFD14F66985AFF525E0F5E85" box="[1134,1149,137,161]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2194">M</emphasis>
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m high, lined with a muscular sheath about 9
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<emphasis id="45D2B71EFFD14F669EA5FF7258D25EE5" box="[657,672,169,193]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2194">M</emphasis>
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m in diameter. Tanzanian specimens had a similarly shaped but smaller copulatory bulb, ranging from 40 to 60
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<emphasis id="45D2B71EFFD14F669F85FF1259B25EC5" box="[945,960,201,225]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2194">M</emphasis>
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m in diameter and from 44 to 65
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<emphasis id="45D2B71EFFD14F669D70FF315B215F26" box="[324,339,234,258]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2194">M</emphasis>
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m in height in the four specimens sectioned. Thickness of the muscular coating ranged from 5 to 13
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<emphasis id="45D2B71EFFD14F669DD8FED15B895F06" box="[492,507,266,290]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2194">M</emphasis>
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m.
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</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="77196B0CFFD14F669C49FEB15A9E5FA6" blockId="8.[125,236,362,386]" box="[125,236,362,386]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2194">
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||
<emphasis id="45D2B71EFFD14F669C49FEB15A9E5FA6" box="[125,236,362,386]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2194">Karyology</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="77196B0CFFD14F669C49FE4059F25FD0" blockId="8.[125,1172,410,500]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2194">
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With three isobrachial chromosomes in its haploid set. Karyotype formula: 10.1¡0.5
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<emphasis id="45D2B71EFFD14F669853FE405E045F97" box="[1127,1142,411,435]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2194">M</emphasis>
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||
m; NF56; chromosome 1: 37.01¡0.38; 47.54¡0.41 (m); chromosome 2: 34.83¡0.52; 41.87¡1.11 (m); chromosome 3: 28.16¡0.37; 45.89¡0.97 (m).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="77196B0CFFD14F669C49FDF65AAE5C61" blockId="8.[125,220,557,581]" box="[125,220,557,581]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2194">
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||
<emphasis id="45D2B71EFFD14F669C49FDF65AAE5C61" box="[125,220,557,581]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2194">Remarks</emphasis>
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||
</paragraph>
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||
<paragraph id="77196B0CFFD14F669C49FD865A8F5B1F" blockId="8.[125,1173,605,1339]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2194">
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Somali and Tanzanian specimens present obvious similarities, especially in the presence of an unarmed accessory organ, located halfway between male and female pores, which closely agrees in morphological details and size in the two populations. There is also a general correspondence in the morphology of the reproductive organs, although the copulatory bulb appears consistently larger in Somali specimens. With respect to congenerics, both populations show a reduction of the ventral ciliation, particularly evident in Tanzanian specimens, where the area around the male pore is unciliated, and cilia are much sparser and shorter on both ventral and dorsal sides. The most obvious difference between the two populations lies in the pigmentation of Tanzanian specimens. Presence of a reddish brown pigment girdle in the cephalic area is a widespread feature in the genus
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<taxonomicName id="B0A6108FFFD14F669CC6FC7B5BD05D9C" authorityName="Meixner" authorityYear="1943" box="[242,418,928,952]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Monocelididae" genus="Pseudomonocelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="8" pageNumber="2194" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="45D2B71EFFD14F669CC6FC7B5BD05D9C" box="[242,418,928,952]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2194">Pseudomonocelis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, probably arisen independently in different biogeographical areas (
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<taxonomicName id="B0A6108FFFD14F669CBCFC1A5BC65DFC" authority="Meixner, 1943" authorityName="Meixner" authorityYear="1943" box="[136,436,960,984]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Monocelididae" genus="Pseudomonocelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="8" pageNumber="2194" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="cetinae">
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||
<emphasis id="45D2B71EFFD14F669CBCFC1A5A855DFC" box="[136,247,960,984]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2194">P. cetinae</emphasis>
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||
<bibRefCitation id="133716FDFFD14F669D37FC1B5BC65DFC" author="Meixner J" box="[259,436,960,984]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2194" pagination="458 - 468" refId="ref6464" refString="Meixner J. 1943. Uber die Umbildung einer Turbellarienart nach Einwanderung aus dem Meere ins Susswasser. Internationale Revue der gesamten Hydrobiologie und Hydrologie 43: 458 - 468." type="journal article" year="1943">Meixner, 1943</bibRefCitation>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
and
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<taxonomicName id="B0A6108FFFD14F669DCCFC1A595A5DFC" authority="(Schultze, 1851)" baseAuthorityName="Schultze" baseAuthorityYear="1851" box="[504,808,960,984]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Monocelididae" genus="Pseudomonocelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="8" pageNumber="2194" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="agilis">
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<emphasis id="45D2B71EFFD14F669DCCFC1A58275DFC" box="[504,597,960,984]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2194">P. agilis</emphasis>
|
||
(Schultze, 1851)
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||
</taxonomicName>
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||
in the Atlanto-Mediterranean region;
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<taxonomicName id="B0A6108FFFD14F669CE9FC3A5B375DDD" authorityName="Schockaert and Martens" authorityYear="1987" box="[221,325,993,1017]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Monocelididae" genus="Pseudomonocelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="8" pageNumber="2194" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="pardii">
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||
<emphasis id="45D2B71EFFD14F669CE9FC3A5B375DDD" box="[221,325,993,1017]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2194">P. pardii</emphasis>
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||
</taxonomicName>
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,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="B0A6108FFFD14F669D6FFC3A5B8A5DDD" baseAuthorityName="Curini-Galletti and Cannon" baseAuthorityYear="1995" box="[347,504,993,1017]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Monocelididae" genus="Pseudomonocelis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Seriata" pageId="8" pageNumber="2194" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="schockaerti">
|
||
<emphasis id="45D2B71EFFD14F669D6FFC3A5B8A5DDD" box="[347,504,993,1017]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2194">P. schockaerti</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and two undescribed species (cf.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="133716FDFFD14F669F9AFC3A5B525A3D" author="Curini-Galletti M & Cannon LRG" pageId="8" pageNumber="2194" pagination="271 - 280" refId="ref6329" refString="Curini-Galletti M, Cannon LRG. 1995. Contribution to the knowledge of the Proseriata (Platyhelminthes: Seriata) from eastern Australia: genera Pseudomonocelis Meixner, 1943 and Acanthopseudomonocelis n. g. Contributions to Zoology 65: 271 - 280." type="journal article" year="1995">Curini-Galletti and Cannon 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) in the Indo-Pacific region). In none of the species above, however, has an intra- or inter-populational variability in the expression of the pigmentation ever been documented. Interestingly, the unpigmented Somali specimens were collected in a coastal cave, where reduction of light may have inhibited the expression of pigmentation. It is, however, worth noting that the population collected at Dongwe (
|
||
<collectingCountry id="0FB12B9CFFD14F669F97FB595E615ABE" box="[931,1043,1154,1178]" name="Tanzania" pageId="8" pageNumber="2194">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
|
||
) has been cultured in our laboratory ever since, far from any direct sunlight, and depigmented specimens have never been observed in cultures. Lack of knowledge on the intraspecific variability of
|
||
<emphasis id="45D2B71EFFD14F669D2DFB385BC75ADF" box="[281,437,1251,1275]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="2194">P. caυernicola</emphasis>
|
||
, both within the
|
||
<typeStatus id="A81DD5AEFFD14F669EB2FB3858C55ADF" box="[646,695,1251,1275]" pageId="8" pageNumber="2194">type</typeStatus>
|
||
locality and in neighbouring, extra-cave habitats, prevents any further inference on the taxonomic attribution of Tanzanian specimens.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |