409 lines
36 KiB
XML
409 lines
36 KiB
XML
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1127-155" ID-Pensoft-UUID="5E797D2798B25C2EBD6A6596A3CB817F" ID-ZooBank="8A484FF467F140E2BB0BBE756CF0883A" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1127-155" checkinTime="1667570140191" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Rodriguez, Erick J., Steck, Gary J., Moore, Matthew R., Norrbom, Allen L., Diaz, Jessica, Somma, Louis A., Ruiz-Arce, Raul, Sutton, Bruce D., Nolazco, Norma, Muller, Alies & Branham, Marc A." docDate="2022" docId="EAB6F498A56B5DEC965F2C24B9AEA425" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1127: 155-215" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1127" docPubDate="2022-11-03" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628" docTitle="Anastrepha protuberans" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" id="5E797D2798B25C2EBD6A6596A3CB817F" lastPageNumber="155" masterDocId="5E797D2798B25C2EBD6A6596A3CB817F" masterDocTitle="Exceptional larval morphology of nine species of the Anastrepha mucronota species group (Diptera, Tephritidae)" masterLastPageNumber="215" masterPageNumber="155" pageNumber="155" updateTime="1667570442589" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Exceptional larval morphology of nine species of the Anastrepha mucronota species group (Diptera, Tephritidae)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Rodriguez, Erick J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8132-0863</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">erick.rodriguez@ufl.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Steck, Gary J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3714-0560</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry (FDACS / DPI), Gainesville, FL, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Moore, Matthew R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6313-3690</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry (FDACS / DPI), Gainesville, FL, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Norrbom, Allen L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5854-089X</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Systematic Entomology Laboratory, USDA, ARS, c / o Smithsonian Institution, Washington, DC, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Diaz, Jessica</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7013-2349</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Somma, Louis A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4023-0997</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Florida Department of Agriculture and Consumer Services, Division of Plant Industry (FDACS / DPI), Gainesville, FL, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Ruiz-Arce, Raul</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0790-0218</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>USDA APHIS PPQ S and T Insect Management and Molecular Diagnostic Laboratory, 22675 N. Moorefield Road, Edinburg, TX 78541, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Sutton, Bruce D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7374-3778</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Research Associate, Department of Entomology, Smithsonian Institution, USNM, Gainesville, FL, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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||
<mods:name type="personal">
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||
<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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||
</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Nolazco, Norma</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Centro de Diagnostico de Sanidad Vegetal, Servicio Nacional de Sanidad Agraria, Av. La Molina 1915, La Molina, Peru</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Muller, Alies</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4782-3536</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>(retired) Ministry of Agriculture, Animal Husbandry and Fisheries, Paramaribo, Suriname</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Branham, Marc A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2187-4503</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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||
<mods:titleInfo>
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||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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||
</mods:titleInfo>
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||
<mods:part>
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||
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
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||
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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||
<mods:number>2022-11-03</mods:number>
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||
</mods:detail>
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||
<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>1127</mods:number>
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||
</mods:detail>
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||
<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>155</mods:start>
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<mods:end>215</mods:end>
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||
</mods:extent>
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||
</mods:part>
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||
</mods:relatedItem>
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||
<mods:location>
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||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628</mods:url>
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||
</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628</mods:identifier>
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||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-1127-155</mods:identifier>
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||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">8A484FF467F140E2BB0BBE756CF0883A</mods:identifier>
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||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">5E797D2798B25C2EBD6A6596A3CB817F</mods:identifier>
|
||
</mods:mods>
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||
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EAB6F498A56B5DEC965F2C24B9AEA425" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EAB6F498A56B5DEC965F2C24B9AEA425" lastPageNumber="155" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
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||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="155" type="nomenclature">
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||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
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<taxonomicName LSID="EAB6F498-A56B-5DEC-965F-2C24B9AEA425" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha protuberans" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="protuberans">Anastrepha sp. near protuberans</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="155" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 95–99" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figures 95 - 99. Scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of Anastrepha sp. nr. protuberans 95 pseudocephalon 96 oral ridges 97 antenna and maxillary palp 98 preoral organ 99 ventral surface of mouthhook. Scale bars: 10 μm (97, 98); 20 μm (99); 50 μm (96); 50 μm (95)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures95-99" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765458" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Figs 95-99</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 100–105" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figures 100 - 105. Optical photomicrographs and scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of Anastrepha sp. nr. protuberans 100 cephaloskeleton, lateral view 101 cephaloskeleton, dorsal view 102 prothoracic spiracle, lateral view 103 prothoracic spiracle, dorsolateral view 104 caudal segment 105 anal lobe. Scale bars: 100 μm (102, 103, 105); 200 μm (100); 500 μm (101, 104)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures100-105" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765459" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">, 100-105</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 106–108" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figures 106 - 108. Scanning electron photomicrograph and optical photomicrographs of posterior spiracles of third instar of Anastrepha sp. nr. protuberans. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures106-108" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765460" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">, 106-108</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="155" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Material examined.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
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<materialsCitation collectingDate="2018-01-06" collectorName="M. R. Steck, G. J. Steck, E. J. Rodriguez, A. Padilla, Rich." country="Ecuador" elevation="247" latitude="-0.6805" location="Estacion Cientifica Yasuni" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-76.3851" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-larva="5" stateProvince="Orellana">
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<collectingCountry name="Ecuador">Ecuador</collectingCountry>
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•
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<specimenCount type="larva">5 larvae</specimenCount>
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;
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<collectingRegion country="Ecuador" name="Orellana">Orellana</collectingRegion>
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,
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<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EAB6F498A56B5DEC965F2C24B9AEA425:2B0F75D0E6B0ECDC7A7C84673B1DE00E" country="Ecuador" latitude="-0.6805" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="-76.3851" name="Estacion Cientifica Yasuni" stateProvince="Orellana">
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Estacion Cientifica
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Yasuní">Yasuni</normalizedToken>
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</location>
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, trail 6, near tower;
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<geoCoordinate degrees="0.6805" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-0.6805">0.6805°S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="76.3851" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-76.3851">76.3851°W</geoCoordinate>
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;
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<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4699999999999998" unit="m" value="247.0">
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<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4699999999999998" unit="m" value="247.0">247 m</quantity>
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a.s.l.
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</elevation>
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;
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<collectingDate value="2018-01-06">6 Jan. 2018</collectingDate>
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;
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<collectorName>M. R. Steck</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName>G. J. Steck</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName>E. J. Rodriguez</collectorName>
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and
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<collectorName>A. Padilla</collectorName>
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leg.; reared from fruit of
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Sterculia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sterculia frondosa" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="frondosa">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Sterculia frondosa</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<collectorName>Rich.</collectorName>
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(
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Malvaceae</taxonomicName>
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); FSCA (AP20180321.01, AP20180321.02, AP20200622.09-AP20200622.11)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="155" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
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The larva of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Anastrepha</taxonomicName>
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sp. near
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha protuberans" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="protuberans">Anastrepha protuberans</taxonomicName>
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differs from those of other species of
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Anastrepha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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except
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. crebra" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crebra">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">A. crebra</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. haplacantha" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="haplacantha">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">A. haplacantha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. korytkowskii" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="korytkowskii">A. korytkowskii</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. nolazcoae" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nolazcoae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">A. nolazcoae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Anastrepha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. Peru-82, and
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Anastrepha</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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sp. Sur-16 by the fringed posterior margins of their oral ridges and accessory plates.
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Anastrepha</taxonomicName>
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sp. near
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha protuberans" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="protuberans">Anastrepha protuberans</taxonomicName>
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can be distinguished from the latter six species in having a greater apical width of the prothoracic spiracle and slit length of the posterior spiracle. The number of oral ridges, number of tubules on the prothoracic spiracle, and dorsal spinule pattern on the thoracic segments further distinguish
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Anastrepha</taxonomicName>
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sp. near
|
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<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha protuberans" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="protuberans">Anastrepha protuberans</taxonomicName>
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from species in the
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Stone" authorityYear="1942" class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha mucronota" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mucronota">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Anastrepha mucronota</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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group (see Tables
|
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<tableCitation captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Diagnostic characters of the pseudocephalon of species within the Anastrepha mucronota group." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/4B48475A16FA11E6CB5E5C732F9E2214" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" tableUuid="4B48475A16FA11E6CB5E5C732F9E2214">2</tableCitation>
|
||
,
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<tableCitation captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="T3" captionText="Table 3. Diagnostic characters of the thoracic and abdominal segments of species within the Anastrepha mucronota group." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/03134C0B6EB4E6F7C30E353F8AFE04D3" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" tableUuid="03134C0B6EB4E6F7C30E353F8AFE04D3">3</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="155" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Description.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
|
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Habitus</emphasis>
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.
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</emphasis>
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Third instar elongate, cylindrical, tapered anteriorly and caudal end truncate; color creamy; amphipneustic. Length 14.43-17.15 mm and width 2.52-2.68 mm at the sixth abdominal segment.
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</paragraph>
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||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures95-99" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765458" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" start="Figures 95–99" startId="F22">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Figures 95-99.</emphasis>
|
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Scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha protuberans" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="protuberans">Anastrepha sp. nr. protuberans</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">95</emphasis>
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pseudocephalon
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">96</emphasis>
|
||
oral ridges
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">97</emphasis>
|
||
antenna and maxillary palp
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">98</emphasis>
|
||
preoral organ
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">99</emphasis>
|
||
ventral surface of mouthhook. Scale bars: 10
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">97, 98</emphasis>
|
||
); 20
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">99</emphasis>
|
||
); 50
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">96</emphasis>
|
||
); 50
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">95</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Pseudocephalon</emphasis>
|
||
(Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 95–99" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figures 95 - 99. Scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of Anastrepha sp. nr. protuberans 95 pseudocephalon 96 oral ridges 97 antenna and maxillary palp 98 preoral organ 99 ventral surface of mouthhook. Scale bars: 10 μm (97, 98); 20 μm (99); 50 μm (96); 50 μm (95)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures95-99" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765458" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">95-98</figureCitation>
|
||
). Antenna and maxillary palp on moderately developed lobe. Antenna with cylindrical base and apical knob. Maxillary palp bearing three papilla sensilla, two knob sensilla; dorsolateral group of sensilla bearing two well-developed papilla sensilla, aligned at strongly oblique angle to palp and surrounded by a collar. Facial mask globular in lateral view. Preoral organ bearing three unbranched peg sensilla, located apically on simple elongate preoral lobe lateral to mouthhook. Oral ridges in 18-23 rows, posterior margins densely and evenly fringed; accessory plates present covering a much smaller area than oral ridges, with fringed posterior margins longer than oral ridges, apparently in one series. Labium triangular, anterior surface knobby, ventrally with two visible sensilla and tubercles.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Cephaloskeleton</emphasis>
|
||
(Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 95–99" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figures 95 - 99. Scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of Anastrepha sp. nr. protuberans 95 pseudocephalon 96 oral ridges 97 antenna and maxillary palp 98 preoral organ 99 ventral surface of mouthhook. Scale bars: 10 μm (97, 98); 20 μm (99); 50 μm (96); 50 μm (95)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures95-99" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765458" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">99</figureCitation>
|
||
-
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 100–105" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figures 100 - 105. Optical photomicrographs and scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of Anastrepha sp. nr. protuberans 100 cephaloskeleton, lateral view 101 cephaloskeleton, dorsal view 102 prothoracic spiracle, lateral view 103 prothoracic spiracle, dorsolateral view 104 caudal segment 105 anal lobe. Scale bars: 100 μm (102, 103, 105); 200 μm (100); 500 μm (101, 104)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures100-105" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765459" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">101</figureCitation>
|
||
). Total length from tip of mouthhook to end of ventral cornu 1.48-1.51 mm. Mouthhook well sclerotized, black apically and basally; length a 0.34-0.35 mm; length b 0.24-0.25 mm; height c 0.26-0.28 mm; ratio a:b 1.41-1.46; ratio a:c 1.25-1.30. Tooth long, sharp, strongly curved, concave ventrally with smooth surface. Intermediate sclerite 0.24-0.26 mm long, 0.15 mm wide at ventral bridge. Epipharyngeal sclerite visible only in dorsal view, with medial lobe directed anteriorly. Labial sclerite robust, sclerotized, and triangular in dorsal view. Parastomal bar extending three-fourths length of intermediate sclerite. Dorsal arch 0.33-0.35 mm high. Dorsal cornu with well-defined sclerotized area adjacent to notch, 0.64-0.74 mm long. Dorsal bridge prominently projecting anteriorly from dorsal cornu and sclerotized. Anterior sclerite irregularly shaped and sclerotized. Cornu notch (N) 0.37-0.52 mm long and cornu notch index (N/DC) 0.57-0.69. Ventral cornu with well-defined sclerotized area from notch to pharyngeal bar and grooves. Pharyngeal filter with weakly sclerotized anterior bar and eight or nine ridges forming a series of grooves along length of ventral cornu. Ventral cornu 0.93-1.01 mm long from pharyngeal bar to posterior end of grooves. Ventral cornu 1.26-1.57
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
|
||
as long as sclerotized area of dorsal cornu.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Thoracic and abdominal segments</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Thoracic segments with dorsal spinules conical, symmetrical to slightly curved posteriorly; dorsal spinule pattern as follows: T1 with three rows; T2 with four or five rows; T3 with four rows; ventral spinule pattern as follows: T1 with 13 or 14 rows; T2 with 4-6 rows; T3 with 3-5 rows. Abdominal segments with dorsal spinules as follows: A1 with two rows; A2-A8 lacking spinules; ventral creeping welts present on all abdominal segments; ventral spinule pattern as follows: A1 with 5-8 rows; A2 with 6-9 rows; A3 with eight or nine rows; A4 with 9-12 rows; A5 with 8-12 rows; A6 with 9-11 rows; A7 with seven or eight rows; A8 with 6-9 rows. Additional three irregular rows of spinules anterior and posterior to anal lobes, lateral rows apparently absent, spinules large, conical, pointing away from anal lobes.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Prothoracic spiracle</emphasis>
|
||
(Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 100–105" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figures 100 - 105. Optical photomicrographs and scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of Anastrepha sp. nr. protuberans 100 cephaloskeleton, lateral view 101 cephaloskeleton, dorsal view 102 prothoracic spiracle, lateral view 103 prothoracic spiracle, dorsolateral view 104 caudal segment 105 anal lobe. Scale bars: 100 μm (102, 103, 105); 200 μm (100); 500 μm (101, 104)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures100-105" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765459" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">102</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 100–105" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figures 100 - 105. Optical photomicrographs and scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of Anastrepha sp. nr. protuberans 100 cephaloskeleton, lateral view 101 cephaloskeleton, dorsal view 102 prothoracic spiracle, lateral view 103 prothoracic spiracle, dorsolateral view 104 caudal segment 105 anal lobe. Scale bars: 100 μm (102, 103, 105); 200 μm (100); 500 μm (101, 104)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures100-105" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765459" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">103</figureCitation>
|
||
). Bilobed, bearing 22-30 tubules, distally rounded and arranged in a single, sinuous row except medially when spacing is irregular. Spiracle distal width 0.41-0.44 mm; basal width 0.18-0.20 mm at junction with trachea.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Caudal segment</emphasis>
|
||
(Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 100–105" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figures 100 - 105. Optical photomicrographs and scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of Anastrepha sp. nr. protuberans 100 cephaloskeleton, lateral view 101 cephaloskeleton, dorsal view 102 prothoracic spiracle, lateral view 103 prothoracic spiracle, dorsolateral view 104 caudal segment 105 anal lobe. Scale bars: 100 μm (102, 103, 105); 200 μm (100); 500 μm (101, 104)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures100-105" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765459" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">104</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 100–105" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figures 100 - 105. Optical photomicrographs and scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of Anastrepha sp. nr. protuberans 100 cephaloskeleton, lateral view 101 cephaloskeleton, dorsal view 102 prothoracic spiracle, lateral view 103 prothoracic spiracle, dorsolateral view 104 caudal segment 105 anal lobe. Scale bars: 100 μm (102, 103, 105); 200 μm (100); 500 μm (101, 104)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures100-105" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765459" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">105</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dorsal (D1 and D2) tubercles and sensilla weakly developed; D1 distinctly anterior to D2. Intermediate tubercles I1 and I2 more strongly developed, but associated sensilla moderately developed; I1 distinctly anterior to I2. L1, V1, and V2 tubercles and associated sensilla weakly developed. Anal lobe entire and protuberant.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Posterior spiracle</emphasis>
|
||
(Figs
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 100–105" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figures 100 - 105. Optical photomicrographs and scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of Anastrepha sp. nr. protuberans 100 cephaloskeleton, lateral view 101 cephaloskeleton, dorsal view 102 prothoracic spiracle, lateral view 103 prothoracic spiracle, dorsolateral view 104 caudal segment 105 anal lobe. Scale bars: 100 μm (102, 103, 105); 200 μm (100); 500 μm (101, 104)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures100-105" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765459" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">104</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 106–108" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figures 106 - 108. Scanning electron photomicrograph and optical photomicrographs of posterior spiracles of third instar of Anastrepha sp. nr. protuberans. Scale bars: 100 μm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures106-108" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765460" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">106-108</figureCitation>
|
||
). Located above horizontal midline. Posterior spiracle openings with thick rimae and numerous trabeculae; 122-145
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
long; 40-48
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
wide; ratio length/width 2.8-3.4. Ecdysial scar apparent. Felt chamber oval, 271-305
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
in diameter at junction with trachea. Spiracular process SP-I comprising 5-11 trunks and 9-20 tips; ratio tips/trunks 1.4- 2.5; basal width 8-11
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
; ratio basal width/length of spiracular opening 0.06-0.08. SP-II comprising 4-9 trunks and 11-19 tips. SP-III comprising 4-8 trunks and 7-16 tips. SP-IV comprising 7-10 trunks and 14-21 tips; ratio tips/trunks 1.55-2.6; basal width 9-12
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||
; ratio basal width/length of spiracular opening 0.07-0.09.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures100-105" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765459" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" start="Figures 100–105" startId="F23">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Figures 100-105.</emphasis>
|
||
Optical photomicrographs and scanning electron photomicrographs of third instar of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha protuberans" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="protuberans">Anastrepha sp. nr. protuberans</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">100</emphasis>
|
||
cephaloskeleton, lateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">101</emphasis>
|
||
cephaloskeleton, dorsal view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">102</emphasis>
|
||
prothoracic spiracle, lateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">103</emphasis>
|
||
prothoracic spiracle, dorsolateral view
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">104</emphasis>
|
||
caudal segment
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">105</emphasis>
|
||
anal lobe. Scale bars: 100
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">102, 103, 105</emphasis>
|
||
); 200
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">100</emphasis>
|
||
); 500
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
(
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">101, 104</emphasis>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1127.84628.figures106-108" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/765460" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" start="Figures 106–108" startId="F24">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Figures 106-108.</emphasis>
|
||
Scanning electron photomicrograph and optical photomicrographs of posterior spiracles of third instar of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha protuberans" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="protuberans">Anastrepha sp. nr. protuberans</taxonomicName>
|
||
. Scale bars: 100
|
||
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="155" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Anastrepha</taxonomicName>
|
||
sp. near
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha protuberans" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="protuberans">Anastrepha protuberans</taxonomicName>
|
||
is known only from Ecuador and Peru.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="155" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Biology.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
|
||
We collected larvae of this species from fruit of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Sterculia" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sterculia frondosa" order="Malvales" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="frondosa">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Sterculia frondosa</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, the first host plant record. The larvae feed only on the seeds of the fruit.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="155" type="molecular identification">
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Molecular identification.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="155">
|
||
COI barcodes were generated from five larvae from Ecuador and two adults from Peru and submitted to GenBank (MT672163-MT672165, MT763909-MT763911, MT763914). The identity of the described larvae is only based on these data. K2P distances between
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha protuberans" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="protuberans">Anastrepha sp. nr. protuberans</taxonomicName>
|
||
larvae and the adult sequences ranged from 0.0-1.2%. BLAST searches yielded no close matches to sequences from other
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="155">Anastrepha</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species. The five larval barcodes returned consensus identifications of
|
||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Tephritidae" genus="Anastrepha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anastrepha protuberans" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="protuberans">Anastrepha sp. nr. protuberans</taxonomicName>
|
||
with either three or two votes (
|
||
<bibRefCitation author="Moore, MR" journalOrPublisher="Quito, Ecuador" pageId="0" pageNumber="155" refId="B39" refString="Moore, MR, Steck, GJ, Rodriguez, EJ, Norrbom, AL, Ruiz-Arce, R, Tood, TN, Roberts, CG, Troya, H, Vilatuna, JE, Donoso, DA, Wiegmann, BM, Cassel, BK, Soghigian, J, Xuan, J, Muller, A, Gangadin, A, Nolazco, N, Rodriguez Clavijo, PA, Arevalo Penaranda, E, Srivastava, P, Drovetski, SV, Quisberth Ramos, E, Lagrava Sanchez, JJ, Colque, F, Savaris, M, Lampert, S, Martinez, J, Canal, NA, Keil, C, Padilla, A, Tigrero, JO, Rodriguez, P, Penaloza Barria, Y, Gripenberg, S, Rivera, M, Branham, M, in press. A COI DNA barcode library for Anastrepha Schiner (Diptera: Tephritidae). PLoS ONE." title="A COI DNA barcode library for Anastrepha Schiner (Diptera: Tephritidae). PLoS ONE." year="in press">Moore et al. in press</bibRefCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |