treatments-xml/data/10/04/73/100473C61A515032834C1F97CDCB79B4.xml

<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.5.63674" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e995ef70-5232-4fac-9db7-62a04b607a99" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182223849" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2535-0730-1-81" ID-Pensoft-UUID="0D41899171935384B9958F9962BDBA85" ID-ZooBank="117AA0B499A24F4F85A9B9FAE8E47BB1" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6579CBED-1CF0-4D59-8B37-FDB405EFB352" ModsDocID="2535-0730-5-1-81" checkinTime="1621372715607" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Chavez, German, Garcia-Ayachi, Luis A. &amp; Catenazzi, Alessandro" docDate="2021" docId="100473C61A515032834C1F97CDCB79B4" docLanguage="en" docName="EvolutSyst 5(1): 81-92" docOrigin="Evolutionary Systematics 5 (1)" docPubDate="2021-04-09" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.5.63674" docTitle="Pristimantis sira Chávez &amp; García-Ayachi &amp; Catenazzi 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="6579CBED-1CF0-4D59-8B37-FDB405EFB352" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="0D41899171935384B9958F9962BDBA85" lastPageNumber="81" masterDocId="0D41899171935384B9958F9962BDBA85" masterDocTitle="Beauty is in the eye of the beholder: Cruciform eye reveals new species of direct-developing frog (Strabomantidae, Pristimantis) in the Amazonian Andes" masterLastPageNumber="92" masterPageNumber="81" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" updateTime="1643426641136" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Beauty is in the eye of the beholder: Cruciform eye reveals new species of direct-developing frog (Strabomantidae, Pristimantis) in the Amazonian Andes</mods:title>
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<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Chavez, German</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9291-156X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Instituto Peruano de Herpetologia (IPH), Augusto Salazar Bondy 136, Urb. Higuereta, Surco, Lima, Peru &amp; Division de Herpetologia, Centro de Ornitologia y Biodiversidad (CORBIDI), Santa Rita No. 105 Of. 202, Urb. Huertos de San Antonio, Surco, Lima, Peru</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">vampflack@yahoo.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Garcia-Ayachi, Luis A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3529-1261</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Instituto Peruano de Herpetologia (IPH), Augusto Salazar Bondy 136, Urb. Higuereta, Surco, Lima, Peru &amp; Division de Herpetologia, Centro de Ornitologia y Biodiversidad (CORBIDI), Santa Rita No. 105 Of. 202, Urb. Huertos de San Antonio, Surco, Lima, Peru</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Catenazzi, Alessandro</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Instituto Peruano de Herpetologia (IPH), Augusto Salazar Bondy 136, Urb. Higuereta, Surco, Lima, Peru &amp; Division de Herpetologia, Centro de Ornitologia y Biodiversidad (CORBIDI), Santa Rita No. 105 Of. 202, Urb. Huertos de San Antonio, Surco, Lima, Peru &amp; Department of Biological Sciences, Florida International University, 11200 SW 8 th St., Miami, FL 33199, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title>Evolutionary Systematics</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2021-04-09</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>5</mods:number>
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<mods:number>1</mods:number>
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<mods:start>81</mods:start>
<mods:end>92</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.5.63674</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/evolsyst.5.63674</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182223849" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:6579CBED-1CF0-4D59-8B37-FDB405EFB352" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/100473C61A515032834C1F97CDCB79B4" lastPageNumber="81" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/6579CBED-1CF0-4D59-8B37-FDB405EFB352" authority="Chávez &amp; García-Ayachi &amp; Catenazzi, 2021" authorityName="Chávez &amp; García-Ayachi &amp; Catenazzi" authorityYear="2021" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis sira" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sira" status="sp. nov.">Pristimantis sira</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="81">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Phylogenetic analysis based on concatenated dataset of 16 S, CO 1 and RAG sequences showing the relationship between the new species (highlighted in bold) and its congeners. ML bootstrap values are indicated at each node." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/529848" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Figs 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Holotype of Pristimantis sira sp. nov. in preservative (CORBIDI 14430). (A) dorsal view of the body; (B) ventral view of the body; (C) ventral view of the right hand; (D) ventral view of the right foot; (E) lateral view of the head. Photographs by Luis A. Garcia-Ayachi. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/529849" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">, 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Coloration in life of the type series of Pristimantis sira sp. nov.: (A, B) adult female (CORBIDI 14430, holotype); (C, D) adult male (CORBIDI 14433); (E, F) adult female (CORBIDI 14429); (G, H) juvenile male (CORBIDI 13952). Photographs by German Chavez." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/529850" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">, 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Ventral view in life of Pristimantis cruciocularis group's species: (A) P. antisuyu (CORBIDI 18726); (B) P. cruciocularis (CORBIDI 11554); (C) P. erythroinguinis (MUSM 30468); (D) P. sira sp. nov. (CORBIDI 14430). Photographs by Alessandro Catenazzi (A, C) and German Chavez (B, D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/529851" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">, 4D</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="holotype">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Holotype.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
PERU • 1 ♀, adult; 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Huánuco">Huanuco</normalizedToken>
department, 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Huánuco">Huanuco</normalizedToken>
province, Campamento Peligroso, El Sira Communal reserve; 
<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="south" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="34.2" value="-9.426167">9°25'34.2&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="74" direction="west" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="6.6" value="-74.73516">74°44'6.6&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
; 1520 m a.s.l.; 24 March 2014; G. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Chávez">Chavez</normalizedToken>
and Jose Malqui; CORBIDI 14430.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="paratopotypes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Paratopotypes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
PERU • 1 ♂, 2 ♀, adults and a juvenile; same data as for holotype; 01 December 2013; G. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Chávez">Chavez</normalizedToken>
; CORBIDI 14433 (Figure 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Coloration in life of the type series of Pristimantis sira sp. nov.: (A, B) adult female (CORBIDI 14430, holotype); (C, D) adult male (CORBIDI 14433); (E, F) adult female (CORBIDI 14429); (G, H) juvenile male (CORBIDI 13952). Photographs by German Chavez." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/529850" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">3C, D</figureCitation>
), 14429 (Figure 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Coloration in life of the type series of Pristimantis sira sp. nov.: (A, B) adult female (CORBIDI 14430, holotype); (C, D) adult male (CORBIDI 14433); (E, F) adult female (CORBIDI 14429); (G, H) juvenile male (CORBIDI 13952). Photographs by German Chavez." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/529850" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">3E, F</figureCitation>
), 14432, 13952.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="paratypes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Paratypes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
PERU • 1 ♀, adult and a juvenile; 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Huánuco">Huanuco</normalizedToken>
department, Pachitea province, Campamento La Cumbre; 
<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="south" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="27.0" value="-9.424167">9°25'27.0&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
, 
<geoCoordinate degrees="74" direction="west" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="47.0" value="-74.71305">74°42'47.0&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
; 2145 m a.s.l.; 30 November 2013; G. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Chávez">Chavez</normalizedToken>
; CORBIDI 13933, 13944.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">The new species is diagnosed by the following combination of characters: (1) skin on dorsum finely shagreen with a few scattered subconical tubercles, that on venter areolate, W-shaped scapular fold present, discoidal fold absent, dorsolateral folds absent; (2) tympanic membrane and tympanic annulus absent, supratympanic fold absent; (3) snout acutely rounded from dorsal view, moderate in length and rounded from lateral view, canthus rostralis weakly concave in dorsal view, angular in lateral view, loreal region concave, rostral papilla or keel absent; (4) upper eyelid bearing two or three sub conical small tubercles, narrower than IOD, cranial crests absent; (5) dentigerous process of vomers absent; (6) males with vocal sacs and vocal slits, nuptial excrescences absent; (7) heels lacking tubercles; (8) finger I shorter than finger II, tips of digits expanded, bearing circumferential grooves, discs about 1.5 times wider than digits in fingers I, II and III, finger IV bearing a rounded disc about twice as wide as its digit; (9) fingers with narrow lateral fringes; (10) antebrachial tubercle absent; (11) ulnar and tarsal tubercles absent (12) inner metatarsal tubercle oval twice as long as round outer metatarsal tubercle, low supernumerary plantar tubercles at the base of toes II, III, IV and V; (13) toes without lateral fringes, webbing absent, toe V longer than toe III; (14) in life, dorsum yellowish-brown, dark brown or olive brown with dark transversal bands; interorbital bar dark brown; canthus rostralis paler than loreal region and dark bordered; dark labial bars present; throat, chest, and belly dark brown or dark grey with scattered white flecks; groins, posterior surfaces of thighs, and shanks dark brown; iris copper yellow with a vertical black line and dark reticulations, black pupil surrounded by a copper orange ring; (15) SVL 12.9-14.7 mm in males; 19.0-20.4 mm in females.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="comparisons">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Comparisons.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
The combination of having a vertical line crossing the iris (which forms a cruciform mark) and lacking tympanic annulus and membrane distinguishes 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chávez &amp; García-Ayachi &amp; Catenazzi" authorityYear="2021" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis sira" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sira">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Pristimantis sira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. from most congeners except 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. altamazonicus" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="altamazonicus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. altamazonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Barbour &amp; Dunn, 1921, 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. antisuyu" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antisuyu">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. antisuyu</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. ashaninka" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ashaninka">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. ashaninka</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Lehr Moravec, 2017, 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. cruciocularis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cruciocularis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. cruciocularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. erythroinguinis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erythroinguinis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. erythroinguinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. sira" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sira">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. sira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is easily differentiable from all of them by (condition for the other species in parenthesis): having 2-3 small sub conical tubercles on upper eyelid (vs a single conical tubercle in 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. altamazonicus" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="altamazonicus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. altamazonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 4-6 small tubercles in 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. antisuyu" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antisuyu">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. antisuyu</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, enlarged conical tubercles in 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. ashaninka" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ashaninka">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. ashaninka</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 2-5 small tubercles in 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. cruciocularis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cruciocularis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. cruciocularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and 4-6 large and small tubercles in 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. erythroinguinis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erythroinguinis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. erythroinguinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), groins and posterior surface of thighs dark without spots or flecks (vs bearing red or yellow blotches in 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. cruciocularis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cruciocularis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. cruciocularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, yellow blotches in 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. antisuyu" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antisuyu">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. antisuyu</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, red blotches in 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. erythroinguinis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erythroinguinis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. erythroinguinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, see Figure 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Ventral view in life of Pristimantis cruciocularis group's species: (A) P. antisuyu (CORBIDI 18726); (B) P. cruciocularis (CORBIDI 11554); (C) P. erythroinguinis (MUSM 30468); (D) P. sira sp. nov. (CORBIDI 14430). Photographs by Alessandro Catenazzi (A, C) and German Chavez (B, D)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/529851" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">4</figureCitation>
), vocal slits in males (vs absent in 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. altamazonicus" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="altamazonicus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. altamazonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. antisuyu" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antisuyu">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. antisuyu</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. cruciocularis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cruciocularis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. cruciocularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. erythroinguinis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erythroinguinis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. erythroinguinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), vomerine teeth absent (vs present in 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. altamazonicus" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="altamazonicus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. altamazonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. antisuyu" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antisuyu">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. antisuyu</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. ashaninka" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ashaninka">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. ashaninka</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. cruciocularis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cruciocularis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. cruciocularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. erythroinguinis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erythroinguinis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. erythroinguinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and heels lacking tubercles (vs present 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. altamazonicus" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="altamazonicus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. altamazonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. antisuyu" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antisuyu">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. antisuyu</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. ashaninka" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ashaninka">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. ashaninka</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. cruciocularis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cruciocularis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. cruciocularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. erythroinguinis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erythroinguinis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. erythroinguinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Additionally, 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. sira" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sira">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. sira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is genetically related to 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. croceoinguinis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="croceoinguinis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. croceoinguinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Lynch, 1968, and 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. boucephalus" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boucephalus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. boucephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Lehr, Moravec, Cusi, Gvozdik, 2017. Nevertheless, 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. sira" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sira">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. sira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinct in bearing dark groins without blotches (vs yellow groin in 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. croceoinguinis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="croceoinguinis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. croceoinguinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. boucephalus" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boucephalus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. boucephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), skin on dorsum shagreen (vs tuberculate in 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. croceoinguinis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="croceoinguinis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. croceoinguinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and smooth in 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. boucephalus" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boucephalus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. boucephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), upper eyelid having two or three sub conical tubercles (vs tubercles absent in 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. creoceoinguinis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="creoceoinguinis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. creoceoinguinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), lacking dentigerous process of vomers (vs present in 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. croceoinguinis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="croceoinguinis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. croceoinguinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and heels lacking tubercles (vs conical tubercle on heels present in 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. boucephalus" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="boucephalus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. boucephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Description of the holotype.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
An adult female (CORBIDI 14430; Figure 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Holotype of Pristimantis sira sp. nov. in preservative (CORBIDI 14430). (A) dorsal view of the body; (B) ventral view of the body; (C) ventral view of the right hand; (D) ventral view of the right foot; (E) lateral view of the head. Photographs by Luis A. Garcia-Ayachi. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/529849" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">2A-E</figureCitation>
, 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Coloration in life of the type series of Pristimantis sira sp. nov.: (A, B) adult female (CORBIDI 14430, holotype); (C, D) adult male (CORBIDI 14433); (E, F) adult female (CORBIDI 14429); (G, H) juvenile male (CORBIDI 13952). Photographs by German Chavez." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/529850" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">3A, B</figureCitation>
) with a SVL of 19.6 mm, head as wide as long (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Holotype of Pristimantis sira sp. nov. in preservative (CORBIDI 14430). (A) dorsal view of the body; (B) ventral view of the body; (C) ventral view of the right hand; (D) ventral view of the right foot; (E) lateral view of the head. Photographs by Luis A. Garcia-Ayachi. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/529849" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">2A, B</figureCitation>
); snout acutely rounded in dorsal view and rounded in lateral view, short (eye-nostril distance 9.8% of SVL); canthus rostralis distinct in lateral view; loreal region concave; nostrils protuberant, directed anteriorly; interorbital area flat, slightly broader than upper eyelid (upper eyelid width 89% of interorbital distance); cranial crests absent; upper eyelid bearing two small subconical tubercles; tympanic membrane absent; tympanic annulus absent (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Holotype of Pristimantis sira sp. nov. in preservative (CORBIDI 14430). (A) dorsal view of the body; (B) ventral view of the body; (C) ventral view of the right hand; (D) ventral view of the right foot; (E) lateral view of the head. Photographs by Luis A. Garcia-Ayachi. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/529849" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">2E</figureCitation>
); postrictal tubercles absent. Choanae small, rounded, not concealed by palatal shelf of maxillary; tongue longer than wide and granular, dentigerous processes of vomers absent. Skin texture on dorsum and flanks finely shagreen; dorsolateral folds absent; venter areolate; thoracic fold present, discoidal fold absent, cloacal sheath absent. Forearm slender; ulnar tubercles absent, ulnar fold absent; radio-ulnar length 22% of SVL; fingers with narrow lateral fringes; relative lengths of fingers I ≤ II &lt;IV &lt;III; palmar tubercle bilobed, thenar tubercle oval (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Holotype of Pristimantis sira sp. nov. in preservative (CORBIDI 14430). (A) dorsal view of the body; (B) ventral view of the body; (C) ventral view of the right hand; (D) ventral view of the right foot; (E) lateral view of the head. Photographs by Luis A. Garcia-Ayachi. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/529849" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">2C</figureCitation>
); subarticular tubercles round, prominent; supernumerary palmar tubercles present at the base of all fingers; disc cover finger I barely expanded, those of fingers III and IV extensively expanded (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Holotype of Pristimantis sira sp. nov. in preservative (CORBIDI 14430). (A) dorsal view of the body; (B) ventral view of the body; (C) ventral view of the right hand; (D) ventral view of the right foot; (E) lateral view of the head. Photographs by Luis A. Garcia-Ayachi. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/529849" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">2C</figureCitation>
), outer discs of fingers as wide as those of toes; discs covered with elliptical ventral pads defined by circummarginal grooves. Hind limbs slender; tibia length 48% of SVL; foot length 94% of tibia length; tarsal fold absent, tarsal tubercles absent; heel lacking tubercles; toes without lateral fringes; subarticular tubercles round, prominent; inner metatarsal tubercle oval, about 2.4 times the size of subconical outer tubercle (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Holotype of Pristimantis sira sp. nov. in preservative (CORBIDI 14430). (A) dorsal view of the body; (B) ventral view of the body; (C) ventral view of the right hand; (D) ventral view of the right foot; (E) lateral view of the head. Photographs by Luis A. Garcia-Ayachi. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/529849" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">2D</figureCitation>
); supernumerary plantar tubercles low at the base of all toes; discs covers slightly expanded; toes with defined pads; discs pads nearly elliptical; relative length of toes I &lt;II &lt;III &lt;V &lt;IV; tip of toe V reaching proximal border of distal subarticular tubercle IV; tip of toe II reaching proximal border of distal subarticular tubercle of Toe III (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Holotype of Pristimantis sira sp. nov. in preservative (CORBIDI 14430). (A) dorsal view of the body; (B) ventral view of the body; (C) ventral view of the right hand; (D) ventral view of the right foot; (E) lateral view of the head. Photographs by Luis A. Garcia-Ayachi. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/529849" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">2D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/529849" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Figure 2.</emphasis>
Holotype of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chávez &amp; García-Ayachi &amp; Catenazzi" authorityYear="2021" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis sira" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sira">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Pristimantis sira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. in preservative (CORBIDI 14430). (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">A</emphasis>
) dorsal view of the body; (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">B</emphasis>
) ventral view of the body; (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">C</emphasis>
) ventral view of the right hand; (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">D</emphasis>
) ventral view of the right foot; (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">E</emphasis>
) lateral view of the head. Photographs by Luis A. 
<normalizedToken originalValue="García-Ayachi">Garcia-Ayachi</normalizedToken>
. Scale bar = 5 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Measurements (in mm) and proportions of the holotype: SVL = 19.6; HL = 6.7; HW = 7.2; ED = 2.7; E-N = 1.9; IOD = 1.8; EW = 1.6; IND = 1.7; TL = 9.5; FL = 9.0; HL/SVL = 0.3; HW/SVL = 0.3; EW/IOD = 0.8; E-N/ED = 0.7; TL/SVL = 0.4; FL/SVL = 0.4; FL/TL = 0.9.</paragraph>
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/529850" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Figure 3.</emphasis>
Coloration in life of the type series of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chávez &amp; García-Ayachi &amp; Catenazzi" authorityYear="2021" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis sira" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sira">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Pristimantis sira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.: (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">A, B</emphasis>
) adult female (CORBIDI 14430, holotype); (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">C, D</emphasis>
) adult male (CORBIDI 14433); (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">E, F</emphasis>
) adult female (CORBIDI 14429); (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">G, H</emphasis>
) juvenile male (CORBIDI 13952). Photographs by 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Germán">German</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Chávez">Chavez</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
Coloration in life (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Coloration in life of the type series of Pristimantis sira sp. nov.: (A, B) adult female (CORBIDI 14430, holotype); (C, D) adult male (CORBIDI 14433); (E, F) adult female (CORBIDI 14429); (G, H) juvenile male (CORBIDI 13952). Photographs by German Chavez." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/529850" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">3A, B</figureCitation>
). Dorsum, flanks, and dorsal surface of limbs are yellowish-brown with dark brown transversal bands and reddish-orange tubercles; dorsal surface of head bearing a dark brown interorbital bar; canthus rostralis yellowish-brown, loreal region dark brown, labial bars dark brown, and white minute flecks present on the upper labial region. Throat, chest, belly, ventral surface of limbs, hands and feet dark brown with white flecks; groins, posterior surface of thighs, and posterior surface of shanks dark brown. Anterior surface of thighs is dark brown. Iris copper yellow with a vertical black line and dark reticulations, black pupil surrounded by a copper orange ring.
</paragraph>
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/529851" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Figure 4.</emphasis>
Ventral view in life of 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Lehr, Lundberg, Aguilar and von May" baseAuthorityYear="2006" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis cruciocularis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cruciocularis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Pristimantis cruciocularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="group’s">group's</normalizedToken>
species: (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">A</emphasis>
) 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. antisuyu" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antisuyu">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. antisuyu</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(CORBIDI 18726); (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">B</emphasis>
) 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. cruciocularis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cruciocularis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. cruciocularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(CORBIDI 11554); (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">C</emphasis>
) 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. erythroinguinis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erythroinguinis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. erythroinguinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(MUSM 30468); (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">D</emphasis>
) 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. sira" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sira">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. sira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (CORBIDI 14430). Photographs by Alessandro Catenazzi (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">A, C</emphasis>
) and 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Germán">German</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Chávez">Chavez</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">B, D</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
Coloration in preservative (Fig. 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Holotype of Pristimantis sira sp. nov. in preservative (CORBIDI 14430). (A) dorsal view of the body; (B) ventral view of the body; (C) ventral view of the right hand; (D) ventral view of the right foot; (E) lateral view of the head. Photographs by Luis A. Garcia-Ayachi. Scale bar = 5 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/529849" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">2A, B</figureCitation>
). Despite the skin on dorsum suffering damage, the coloration is similar to coloration in life, except that dark brown coloration turned yellowish-brown. The venter, limbs and ventral surfaces of hands and feet are yellowish-brown with creamy-white flecks, discs on hands and feet dark grey; iris gray.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="intraspecific variation">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Intraspecific variation.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
Dorsal coloration from yellowish brown to dark brown in juvenile CORBIDI 13952 (Figure 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Coloration in life of the type series of Pristimantis sira sp. nov.: (A, B) adult female (CORBIDI 14430, holotype); (C, D) adult male (CORBIDI 14433); (E, F) adult female (CORBIDI 14429); (G, H) juvenile male (CORBIDI 13952). Photographs by German Chavez." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/529850" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">3G, H</figureCitation>
) and olive brown in female CORBIDI 14429 (Figure 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Coloration in life of the type series of Pristimantis sira sp. nov.: (A, B) adult female (CORBIDI 14430, holotype); (C, D) adult male (CORBIDI 14433); (E, F) adult female (CORBIDI 14429); (G, H) juvenile male (CORBIDI 13952). Photographs by German Chavez." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/529850" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">3E, F</figureCitation>
). Moreover, CORBIDI 13952 has a pattern consisting of a middorsal creamy white line going from the tip of the nose to the cloaca, a pale interorbital bar, and a thin creamy white mid-throat line going from the chin to the distal edge of the throat. Furthermore, male CORBIDI 14433 (Figure 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Coloration in life of the type series of Pristimantis sira sp. nov.: (A, B) adult female (CORBIDI 14430, holotype); (C, D) adult male (CORBIDI 14433); (E, F) adult female (CORBIDI 14429); (G, H) juvenile male (CORBIDI 13952). Photographs by German Chavez." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/529850" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">3C, D</figureCitation>
) has a yellowish-brown throat, a greyish-white belly, and yellowish-brown coloration on the ventral and posterior surface of thighs. Table 
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Range and average (+ / - standard deviation) measurements (in mm) of specimens of the type series of Pristimantis sira sp. nov. and related cruciform eye's montane species of the Pristimantis cruciocularis group." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/676796FFF3F68DA7A72E640F79C480C3" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" tableUuid="676796FFF3F68DA7A72E640F79C480C3">1</tableCitation>
reports variation in measurements and proportions.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="676796FFF3F68DA7A72E640F79C480C3" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/676796FFF3F68DA7A72E640F79C480C3" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" start="Table 1" startId="T1">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Table 1.</emphasis>
Range and average (
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
standard deviation) measurements (in mm) of specimens of the type series of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chávez &amp; García-Ayachi &amp; Catenazzi" authorityYear="2021" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis sira" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sira">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Pristimantis sira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. and related cruciform 
<normalizedToken originalValue="eye’s">eye's</normalizedToken>
montane species of the 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Lehr, Lundberg, Aguilar and von May" baseAuthorityYear="2006" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis cruciocularis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cruciocularis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Pristimantis cruciocularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
<table pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="2">-</td>
<td colspan="2" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chávez &amp; García-Ayachi &amp; Catenazzi" authorityYear="2021" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis sira" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sira">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Pristimantis sira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="2" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Catenazzi &amp; Lehr" authorityYear="2018" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis antisuyu" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antisuyu">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Pristimantis antisuyu</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="2" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Lehr, Lundberg, Aguilar and von May" baseAuthorityYear="2006" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis cruciocularis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cruciocularis">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Pristimantis cruciocularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="2" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Catenazzi &amp; Lehr" authorityYear="2018" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis erythroinguinis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erythroinguinis">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Pristimantis erythroinguinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Females (n = 4)</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Males (n = 1)</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Females (n = 6)</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Males (n = 2)</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Females (n = 7)</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Males (n = 7)</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Females (n = 2)</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Males (n = 4)</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">SVL</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
19.0-20.4 (19.7 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.6)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">14.7</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
17.4-21.1 (20.0 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.6)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">14.3-15.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
18.7-21.8 (20.3 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.2)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
11.4-15.4 (13.5 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
1.2)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">17.2-17.7</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
12.2-14.3 (13.0 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.5)
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">TL</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
9.5-10.9 (10.1 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.6)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">8.3</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
9.8-11.2 (10.8 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.2)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">8.2-8.4</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
9.6-11.1 (10.5 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.6)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
6.2-8.0 (7.2 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.6)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">9.4-9.5</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
7.2-8.3 (7.7 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.2)
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">FL</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
8.7-9.2 (9.0 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.2)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">6.9</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
7.9-9.6 (9.1 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.3)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">6.4-7.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
7.5-8.6 (7.8 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.5)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
4.6-6.5 (5.6 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.6)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">7.4-7.8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
5.6-6.5 (6.0 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.2)
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">HL</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
6.3-6.9 (6.7 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.3)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">5.1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
6.9-8.2 (7.8 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.2)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">6.1-6.2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
6.9-7.9 (7.4 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.3)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
4.6-6.6 (5.2 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.7)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">6.7-7.9</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
5.2-6.0 (5.7 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.2)
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">HW</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
7.2-7.5 (7.4 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.1)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">5.4</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
6.4-8.0 (7.2 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.2)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">5.4-5.6</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
7.1-8.0 (7.6 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.3)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
4.7-5.8 (5.0 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.4)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">5.9-7.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
4.7-5.7 (5.0 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.2)
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">ED</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
2.3-2.8 (2.6 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.2)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">2.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
2.4-2.9 (2.7 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.1)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">2.2-2.3</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
2.5-2.9 (2.7 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.1)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
1.5-2.4 (1.9 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.3)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">2.5-2.8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
2.0-2.1 (2.0 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0)
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">IOD</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
1.8-2.0 (1.9 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.1)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">1.7</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
2.3-2.6 (2.5 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.1)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">1.8-1.9</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
2.7-2.9 (2.8 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.1)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
1.5-2.2 (1.9 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.2)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">1.8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
1.4-1.9 (1.7 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.1)
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">EW</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
1.6-2.0 (1.8 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.1)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">1.6</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
1.8-2.2 (2.0 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.1)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">1.4-1.8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
1.4-2.0 (1.6 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.2)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
1.2-1.5 (1.3 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.1)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">1.8-1.9</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
1.3-1.7 (1.6 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.1)
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">IND</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
1.7-1.8 (1.8 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.1)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">1.4</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
1.4-1.9 (1.6 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.1)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">1.3</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
1.6-2.0 (1.8 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.1)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
1.1-1.4 (1.3 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.1)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">1.3-1.5</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
0.9-1.2 (1.1 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.1)
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">E-N</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
1.9-2.1 (2.0 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.1)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">1.5</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
1.9-2.3 (2.2 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.1)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">1.9</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
1.9-2.4 (2.1 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.2)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
1.4-2.2 (1.7 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.3)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">1.7-2.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
1.3-1.5 (1.4 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.1)
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">TL/SVL</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
0.48-0.57 (0.52 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.04)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">0.56</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
0.53-0.56 (0.54 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.01)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">0.56-0.57</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
0.50-0.54 (0.52 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.02)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
0.52-0.55 (0.54 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.01)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">0.53-0.55</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
0.57-0.61 (0.59 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.01)
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">FL/SVL</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
0.44-0.47 (0.45 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.01)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">0.47</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
0.44-0.47 (0.45 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.01)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">0.45-0.47</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
0.37-0.40 (0.38 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.01)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
0.40-0.42 (0.41 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.01)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">0.42-0.45</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
0.45-0.46 (0.46 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0)
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">HL/SVL</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
0.32-0.35 (0.34 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.01)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">0.34</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
0.37-0.41 (0.39 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.00)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">0.41-0.43</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
0.33-0.41 (0.37 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.03)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
0.36-0.43 (0.39 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.03)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">0.38-0.46</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
0.42-0.46 (0.44 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.01)
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">HW/SVL</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
0.37-0.39 (0.38 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.01)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">0.37</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
0.34-0.38 (0.36 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.01)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">0.36-0.39</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
0.35-0.40 (0.37 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.01)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
0.35-0.41 (0.37 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.02)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">0.33-0.41</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
0.37-0.40 (0.38 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.01)
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">HW/HL</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
1.06-1.19 (1.11 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.05)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">1.07</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
0.87-0.98 (0.93 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.02)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">0.89-0.90</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
0.97-1.06 (1.03 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.03)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
0.87-1.02 (0.97 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.07)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">0.88-0.89</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
0.81-0.95 (0.87 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.03)
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">E-N/ED</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
0.70-0.84 (0.79 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.07)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">0.77</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
0.76-0.82 (0.79 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.01)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">0.83-0.86</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
0.68-0.85 (0.79 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.07)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
0.74-1.00 (0.88 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.11)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">0.68-0.71</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
0.62-0.75 (0.67 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.03)
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">EW/IOD</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
0.89-1.00 (0.93 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.05)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">0.97</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
0.75-0.88 (0.82 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.02)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">0.74-1.00</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
0.48-0.74 (0.59 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.10)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
0.55-0.80 (0.67 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.09)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">1.00-1.06</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" rowspan="1">
0.89-1.00 (0.94 
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
0.02)
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
The species epithet &quot; 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chávez &amp; García-Ayachi &amp; Catenazzi" authorityYear="2021" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis sira" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sira">Pristimantis sira</taxonomicName>
&quot; is a noun in apposition, referencing El Sira Communal Reserve, a protected area established in 2001, containing the type locality of the new species. El Sira also protects one of the last large extensions of primary mountain forests in Central Peru.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="81" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Distribution, natural history and threats.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
We observed 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chávez &amp; García-Ayachi &amp; Catenazzi" authorityYear="2021" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis sira" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sira">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Pristimantis sira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. on leaves, at 1-1.7 m height, in the forests of the eastern slopes of the mountains of El Sira Communal Reserve, between 1500-2200 m a.s.l (Figure 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Map indicating the type locality of Pristimantis sira sp. nov. (yellow star), as well as type localities (symbols with a central black point) and distribution of the species of the P. cruciocularis group: P. antisuyu (white circles), P. cruciocularis (white rhomboids), P. erythroinguinis (white triangles)." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/529852" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">5</figureCitation>
). The habitat at 1500 m a.s.l. is a montane forest, with riparian vegetation consisting mainly of bushes, tree ferns and trees canopy ~20 m tall (Figure 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Habitat in the localities where Pristimantis sira sp. nov. occurs: (A) Panoramic view of the Montane forests in El Sira Communal Reserve; (B) forest in Campamento La Cumbre; (C) forest in Campamento Peligroso (type locality). Photographs by German Chavez." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/529853" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">6A, C</figureCitation>
). Climbers are also present (lianas) as well as low epiphytes, ferns, mushrooms, and lichens on the ground. Low trees (no more than 8-10 m tall) dominate the forest at 2000 m a.s.l. (Figure 
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Habitat in the localities where Pristimantis sira sp. nov. occurs: (A) Panoramic view of the Montane forests in El Sira Communal Reserve; (B) forest in Campamento La Cumbre; (C) forest in Campamento Peligroso (type locality). Photographs by German Chavez." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/529853" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">6B</figureCitation>
), where there are bushes and large patches of 
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chusquea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Chusquea" order="Poales" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Liliopsida" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Chusquea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
spp., in addition to small ferns, epiphytes and mushroom colonies. We found 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. sira" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sira">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. sira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at night, at the beginning and the end of the rainy season, but could not hear any male calling. Sympatric species were 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Lehr, Lundberg, Aguilar and von May" baseAuthorityYear="2006" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis cruciocularis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cruciocularis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Pristimantis cruciocularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. iiap" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="iiap">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. iiap</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Padial, Gagliardi-Urrutia, Chaparro &amp; 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gutiérrez">Gutierrez</normalizedToken>
, 2016, 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. mendax" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mendax">P. cf. mendax</taxonomicName>
Duellman, 1978, and 
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Duellman and Toft" baseAuthorityYear="1979" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Rhinella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhinella nesiotes" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nesiotes">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Rhinella nesiotes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Duellman &amp; Toft, 1979. We have noticed illegal mining activity in the foothills of El Sira Communal Reserve. Mining activities could affect the mountain slopes because miners establish camps and build trails to move their equipment across the watersheds, creating disturbance to stream and riverine environments that could cause further deforestation in the type locality of 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. sira" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sira">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. sira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/529852" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Figure 5.</emphasis>
Map indicating the type locality of 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chávez &amp; García-Ayachi &amp; Catenazzi" authorityYear="2021" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis sira" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sira">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Pristimantis sira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (yellow star), as well as type localities (symbols with a central black point) and distribution of the species of the 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. cruciocularis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cruciocularis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. cruciocularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group: 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. antisuyu" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="antisuyu">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. antisuyu</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(white circles), 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. cruciocularis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cruciocularis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. cruciocularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(white rhomboids), 
<taxonomicName class="Amphibia" genus="P." higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="P. erythroinguinis" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="erythroinguinis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">P. erythroinguinis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(white triangles).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/529853" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="81">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Figure 6.</emphasis>
Habitat in the localities where 
<taxonomicName authorityName="Chávez &amp; García-Ayachi &amp; Catenazzi" authorityYear="2021" class="Amphibia" family="Strabomantidae" genus="Pristimantis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pristimantis sira" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="81" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sira">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">Pristimantis sira</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. occurs: (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">A</emphasis>
) Panoramic view of the Montane forests in El Sira Communal Reserve; (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">B</emphasis>
) forest in Campamento La Cumbre; (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="81">C</emphasis>
) forest in Campamento Peligroso (type locality). Photographs by 
<normalizedToken originalValue="Germán">German</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Chávez">Chavez</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>