138 lines
16 KiB
XML
138 lines
16 KiB
XML
<document id="6DD08EDFEE73612CAD7E21FE2A566E84" ID-DOI="10.1080/00222930310001647334" ID-ISSN="1464-5262" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4653689" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1617217469113" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Kott, Patricia" docDate="2004" docId="A1678788FF94FF04815141BAFBF1A4B6" docLanguage="en" docName="JNATHIST.38.731-774.pdf" docOrigin="Journal of Natural History 38 (19)" docSource="http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/00222930310001647334" docStyle="DocumentStyle:443144A73DAE3E092C51A378E4CD0138.2:JNatHist.2003-2004.journal_article.1cover" docStyleId="443144A73DAE3E092C51A378E4CD0138" docStyleName="JNatHist.2003-2004.journal_article.1cover" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Polysyncraton rica Kott 2001" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="745" masterDocId="5D5EFFF0FF9BFF0B833D407FFFF7A27E" masterDocTitle="New and little-known species of Didemnidae (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) from Australia (part I)" masterLastPageNumber="774" masterPageNumber="731" pageNumber="745" updateTime="1698898381800" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="37D934391DB2CE7EE2B86F36B466C136">New and little-known species of Didemnidae (Ascidiacea, Tunicata) from Australia (part I)</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="3CBF2A6259593D9CD9802C21E25AD8A2" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="EFF0750247F6E107097C1FC9EF0484A8">Kott, Patricia</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="44AD7A46C02A1FA4FE2B8ACF9362E249">Journal of Natural History</mods:title>
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<mods:part id="A9A91406AAF09C0ABEBC891B03FD96FC">
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<mods:date id="1257FD8E9E4908E38E8F82BDA4E316B7">2004</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="002D498E56B380F08759ED1074ED0D59">2004-03-20</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="271373E7859108726180DD293316FAB2">38</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="A85FA831DA7C49D96B70264AB15E25A5" type="DOI">10.1080/00222930310001647334</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="FFCEC7DD56818A1F83EE7D2F3530B4EF" type="ISSN">1464-5262</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="A1678788FF94FF04815141BAFBF1A4B6" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4653946" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4653946" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A1678788FF94FF04815141BAFBF1A4B6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A1678788FF94FF04815141BAFBF1A4B6" lastPageNumber="745" pageId="15" pageNumber="745">
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<subSubSection id="61D46515FF94FF04815141BAFC36A3A0" box="[620,961,453,478]" pageId="15" pageNumber="745" type="nomenclature">
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<heading id="723981F2FF94FF04815141BAFC36A3A0" box="[620,961,453,478]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="15" pageNumber="745" reason="3">
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<taxonomicName id="EECE4D1DFF94FF04815141BAFC36A3A0" authority="Kott, 2001" authorityName="Kott" authorityYear="2001" box="[620,961,453,478]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="15" pageNumber="745" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rica">
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<emphasis id="1BBAEA8CFF94FF04815141BAFCCBA3A0" bold="true" box="[620,828,453,478]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="745">Polysyncraton rica</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="4D5F4B6FFF94FF04807841B9FC36A3A0" author="KOTT, P." box="[837,961,454,478]" pageId="15" pageNumber="745" pagination="1 - 407" refId="ref21209" refString="KOTT, P., 2001, The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Aplousobranchia (3) Didemnidae, Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 47 (1), 1 - 407." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott, 2001</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="61D46515FF94FF0481F44199FC92A380" box="[713,869,486,510]" pageId="15" pageNumber="745" type="description">
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<paragraph id="2971369EFF94FF0481F44199FC92A380" blockId="15.[313,1004,453,595]" box="[713,869,486,510]" pageId="15" pageNumber="745">
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(
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<figureCitation id="B1F52A1BFF94FF0481ED4199FCD2A380" box="[720,805,486,510]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="14.[313,329,839,860]" captionTargetBox="[399,1182,178,813]" captionTargetId="figure-4@14.[398,1184,177,813]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="FIG. 7. Polysyncraton pedunculatum (QM GH962): (A) larva. Polysyncraton rica (QM GH966): (B) colony; (C) larva; (D) spicules. Scales: (A, C) 0.1 mm; (B) 1.0 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4653705" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4653705/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="745">figure 7</figureCitation>
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B–D)
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="61D46515FF94FF0482044278FC1BA02D" pageId="15" pageNumber="745" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="2971369EFF94FF0482044278FD53A063" blockId="15.[313,1004,453,595]" box="[313,676,519,541]" pageId="15" pageNumber="745">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="09DE11B0FF94FF0482044278FD53A063" box="[313,676,519,541]" pageId="15" pageNumber="745">
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<treatmentCitation id="A86F108FFF94FF0482044278FD57A063" author="KOTT, P." box="[313,672,519,541]" page="130" pageId="15" pageNumber="745" year="2001">
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<taxonomicName id="EECE4D1DFF94FF0482044278FD57A063" authority="Kott, 2001: 130" authorityName="Kott" authorityPageNumber="130" authorityYear="2001" box="[313,672,519,541]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="15" pageNumber="745" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rica">
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<emphasis id="1BBAEA8CFF94FF0482044278FE03A063" box="[313,500,519,541]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="745">Polysyncraton rica</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="4D5F4B6FFF94FF0482C14277FD57A063" author="KOTT, P." box="[508,672,520,541]" pageId="15" pageNumber="745" pagination="1 - 407" refId="ref21209" refString="KOTT, P., 2001, The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Aplousobranchia (3) Didemnidae, Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 47 (1), 1 - 407." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott, 2001: 130</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2971369EFF94FF048204425DFCF0A046" blockId="15.[313,1004,453,595]" box="[313,775,546,568]" pageId="15" pageNumber="745">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="09DE11B0FF94FF048204425DFCF0A046" box="[313,775,546,568]" pageId="15" pageNumber="745">
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<treatmentCitation id="A86F108FFF94FF048204425DFCF4A046" author="KOTT, P." box="[313,771,546,568]" page="1176" pageId="15" pageNumber="745" year="1997">
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<taxonomicName id="EECE4D1DFF94FF048204425DFCF4A046" authority=": Kott, 1997: 1176" authorityName="Kott" authorityPageNumber="1176" authorityYear="1997" box="[313,771,546,568]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="15" pageNumber="745" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aspiculatum">
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<emphasis id="1BBAEA8CFF94FF048204425DFDB2A049" box="[313,581,546,567]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="745">Polysyncraton aspiculatum</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="4D5F4B6FFF94FF04816E425DFCF4A046" author="KOTT, P." box="[595,771,546,568]" pageId="15" pageNumber="745" pagination="1107 - 1280" refId="ref21155" refString="KOTT, P., 1997, Tunicata, in S. Shepherd and M. Davies (eds) Marine Invertebrates of Southern Australia (Adelaide: South Australian Research and Development, Aquatic Sciences with the Flora and Fauna of South Australia Handbooks Committee), pp. 1107 - 1280." type="book chapter" year="1997">Kott, 1997: 1176</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitation>
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.
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2971369EFF94FF0482044242FC1BA02D" blockId="15.[313,1004,453,595]" box="[313,1004,573,595]" pageId="15" pageNumber="745">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="09DE11B0FF94FF0482044242FC1BA02D" box="[313,1004,573,595]" pageId="15" pageNumber="745">
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<treatmentCitation id="A86F108FFF94FF0482044242FCF0A02C" author="KOTT, P." box="[313,775,573,594]" page="121" pageId="15" pageNumber="745" year="2001">
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<taxonomicName id="EECE4D1DFF94FF0482044242FCF0A02C" authority=": Kott, 2001: 121" authorityName=": Kott" authorityPageNumber="121" authorityYear="2001" box="[313,775,573,594]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="15" pageNumber="745" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pedunculatum">
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<emphasis id="1BBAEA8CFF94FF0482044242FDA0A02C" box="[313,599,573,594]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="745">Polysyncraton pedunculatum</emphasis>
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:
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<bibRefCitation id="4D5F4B6FFF94FF04815B4242FCF0A02C" author="KOTT, P." box="[614,775,573,594]" pageId="15" pageNumber="745" pagination="1 - 407" refId="ref21209" refString="KOTT, P., 2001, The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Aplousobranchia (3) Didemnidae, Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 47 (1), 1 - 407." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott, 2001: 121</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
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(part, QM GH2387).
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="61D46515FF94FF04825C420CFBF1A4B6" pageId="15" pageNumber="745" type="distribution">
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<paragraph id="2971369EFF94FF04825C420CFD03A0B5" blockId="15.[313,1269,627,1736]" pageId="15" pageNumber="745">
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<emphasis id="1BBAEA8CFF94FF04825C420CFE19A0F5" box="[353,494,627,651]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="745">Distribution.</emphasis>
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New records:
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<collectingRegion id="EB0AF87CFF94FF0481B2420CFCB5A0F5" box="[655,834,627,651]" country="Australia" name="South Australia" pageId="15" pageNumber="745">South Australia</collectingRegion>
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(Top Gallant I., QM GH967; Pearson I., QM GH966; Investigator Group, QMG2387). Previously recorded (see
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<bibRefCitation id="4D5F4B6FFF94FF04878A42EBFE82A0B5" author="KOTT, P." pageId="15" pageNumber="745" pagination="1 - 407" refId="ref21209" refString="KOTT, P., 2001, The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Aplousobranchia (3) Didemnidae, Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 47 (1), 1 - 407." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott, 2001</bibRefCitation>
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):
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<collectingRegion id="EB0AF87CFF94FF0482B742CCFDC8A0B5" box="[394,575,691,715]" country="Australia" name="South Australia" pageId="15" pageNumber="745">South Australia</collectingRegion>
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(Kangaroo I.).
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2971369EFF94FF04825C42ABFB59A6B7" blockId="15.[313,1269,627,1736]" pageId="15" pageNumber="745">
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<emphasis id="1BBAEA8CFF94FF04825C42ABFE17A095" box="[353,480,724,747]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="745">Description</emphasis>
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. Known colonies are irregular cushions divided into several rounded lobes about
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<quantity id="EE369B7BFF94FF0482F0428CFDF7A175" box="[461,512,755,779]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="745" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
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in diameter. A surface bladder-cell layer is conspicuous over a crowded layer of spicules. Spicules are also present but sparse and patchy in the basal test (beneath the zooids). They are stellate with robust, sometimes sharply angled, almost pyramidal rays, often broken at their base, and sometimes with bifid tips. As previously described they sometimes are bilaterally rather than radially symmetrical and have 11–13 rays in optical transverse section. The primary common cloacal canals surround large groups of zooids and are continuous with posterior abdominal spaces traversed by a test connective between basal test and each zooid clump. Common cloacal cavities penetrate into the clump around the thoraces. Two or three large, sessile, but not necessarily terminal common cloacal apertures with spicule-filled projections of the test around their rims, are randomly placed on each lobe. Colonies are said to be blue
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<emphasis id="1BBAEA8CFF94FF04818C442FFD4DA617" box="[689,698,1104,1129]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="745">/</emphasis>
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green in life, although one contracted colony (QM GH5426:
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<bibRefCitation id="4D5F4B6FFF94FF048297440DFDDDA6F4" author="KOTT, P." box="[426,554,1138,1162]" pageId="15" pageNumber="745" pagination="1 - 407" refId="ref21209" refString="KOTT, P., 2001, The Australian Ascidiacea Pt 4, Aplousobranchia (3) Didemnidae, Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 47 (1), 1 - 407." type="journal article" year="2001">Kott, 2001</bibRefCitation>
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: pl. 6G) is bluish red beneath the translucent superficial layer of bladder cells. Colonies are orange in short-term preservative, the preservative also becoming orange. In long-term preservation the colonies become cream.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2971369EFF94FF04825C44AEFB48A7F7" blockId="15.[313,1269,627,1736]" pageId="15" pageNumber="745">Zooids are relatively small, but those in the vicinity of the common cloacal apertures have particularly long and often wide atrial tongues. A very fine retractor muscle projects from the top of the oesophageal neck. A small circular lateral organ is on each side of the endostyle at about mid-thorax level. The post-pyloric part of the gut loop is flexed ventrally with gonads against the dorsal side of the flexure. Seven or eight testis follicles are surrounded by three coils of the vas deferens.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2971369EFF94FF04825C45EEFE0EA416" blockId="15.[313,1269,627,1736]" pageId="15" pageNumber="745">
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Larvae are present in the soft central test of colonies collected in March (QM GH966–7) and April (QM GH2387). The trunk is
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<quantity id="EE369B7BFF94FF04804A45CEFC3EA7B6" box="[887,969,1457,1481]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="745" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
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long and the tail is wound two-thirds of the way around it. Eight long lateral ampullae are each side of the three antero-median adhesive organs and a long external horizontal ampulla is on the left projecting back between the oozooid and a thoracic blastozooid, each with four rows of stigmata. A constricted waist is around the larval trunk behind the lateral ampullae.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2971369EFF94FF04825C460FFBF1A4B6" blockId="15.[313,1269,627,1736]" pageId="15" pageNumber="745">
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<emphasis id="1BBAEA8CFF94FF04825C460FFE33A4F6" box="[353,452,1648,1672]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="745">Remarks</emphasis>
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. The preserved colonies resemble the sympatric, aspiculate
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<taxonomicName id="EECE4D1DFF94FF04820446EFFD8FA4D6" authorityName=": Kott" authorityYear="2001" box="[313,632,1680,1704]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="15" pageNumber="745" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pedunculatum">
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<emphasis id="1BBAEA8CFF94FF04820446EFFD8FA4D6" box="[313,632,1680,1704]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="745">Polysyncraton pedunculatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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in general appearance, although they lack the stalk of the latter species (see also
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<taxonomicName id="EECE4D1DFF94FF04815446CFFCD3A4B6" authorityName=": Kott" authorityYear="2001" box="[617,804,1712,1736]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Didemnidae" genus="Polysyncraton" kingdom="Animalia" order="Enterogona" pageId="15" pageNumber="745" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pedunculatum">
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<emphasis id="1BBAEA8CFF94FF04815446CFFCD3A4B6" box="[617,804,1712,1736]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="745">P. pedunculatum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, ‘Remarks’ above).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document> |