749 lines
104 KiB
XML
749 lines
104 KiB
XML
<document id="80115AB4482BFE0E6B9703E25A003600" ID-CLB-Dataset="3315" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5071.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f94b8e6d-d8c9-4f3d-9460-9a0ffeb21a1a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5723255" ID-ZooBank="E695DE38-387E-41E0-8188-532A907C3BB1" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1637742199360" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Rowley, J. J. L., Mahony, M. J., Hines, H. B., Myers, S., Price, L. C., Shea, G. M. & Donnellan, S. C." docDate="2021" docId="3464AB2A5717FFF1FF3EFC77FCAC7E84" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5071.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5071 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Litoria balatus Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="31" masterDocId="C85DD352570DFFEFFFA9FFD4FFA37B45" masterDocTitle="Two new frog species from the Litoria rubella species group from eastern Australia" masterLastPageNumber="41" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="27" updateTime="1699469812383" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="CF68DCF307E373516DEBAE3C9F2363D7">
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<mods:title id="CACAEDCAB60EA6FF8CF4E111776734D2">Two new frog species from the Litoria rubella species group from eastern Australia</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="B72C3184544C49D69EF78030D93AFCAD" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D4F3B4D89ECD08EF350E618763AA7C01">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="71CA8B3F1BB13C463C5791D7FB49AF53">Rowley, J. J. L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FB2A70D2E5B75ED682067701C8B4F7F7">Australian Museum Research Institute, Australian Museum, 1 William St, Sydney 2010, Australia. & Centre for Ecosystem Science, School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="7744E0CBFCD8D10BEDAF7C4FF93E5D09">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart id="891C4665E03F8436BE4EB3B079C3589B">Mahony, M. J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="B09DDE57D8E5C443565EC17443BB9EBB" type="ORCID">0000-0002-1042-0848</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="387E47B6F3EE5A0FCD312345E98A9697">School of Environmental and Life Sciences, The University of Newcastle, University Drive, Callaghan, 2308, Australia. michael. mahony @ newcastle. edu. au; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1042 - 0848</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F872666D00AEEACAE82FDD6B08267385" type="email">michael.mahony@newcastle.edu.au</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm id="7C0F774EE3429CAEBF62DFF6ECC4C941">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="D7A2D92DCB333A7FFDBF56247508EE36">Hines, H. B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8503C605D93E4BCC7996072528C6B4A5">Department of Environment and Science, PO Box 64, Bellbowrie, Qld, 4070, Australia. & Honorary Research Fellow, Biodiversity, Queensland Museum, PO Box 3300, South Brisbane, QLD 4101.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="BBC9C3D52EB0E8D0645C9A29A8643FD8" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="AA74F9364A4F9951DB6A31310F486BB4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="C686B23D0E95A92B9A720E9B6B8A14E0">Myers, S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C10EF994562892C6B332B23D704AE16A">South Australian Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide, Adelaide, 5000, Australia. & ALS Water Resources Group, 22 Dalmore Drive, Scoresby, Victoria, 3179, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="CB1DBCC2666F1A0CC6844844DB69AA36">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="32F689C62CD2837803E13F9825B3F76F">Price, L. C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1288950023E5776FD5BB3AA09264DA4B">School of Biological Sciences, University of Adelaide, 5005, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="BCA54407D1AC6FAF1A31C67D9C621EB7">Shea, G. M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="BA33FDE95143CC7B1219B20D879DC990">Australian Museum Research Institute, Australian Museum, 1 William St, Sydney 2010, Australia. & Sydney School of Veterinary Science B 01, University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C1472913F553E9EB662DE512433C5CB5">Donnellan, S. C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E54DB5786D102593A5E11BB5411BBF6E">South Australian Museum, North Terrace, Adelaide, Adelaide, 5000, Australia.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="DF486BECC82DF403E4491CCF4723B599">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="9F795204C0F5CC710A71F0EFED727FE2">
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<mods:date id="2D63CA98A5AC9A11636F94F027D1407F">2021</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="254892AA5BC1609CC0F776BBD87A344D">2021-11-22</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="B879DD1AB7B3C912A9D91AC2552E6253">5071</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="770019B307EA9E09456FABE46C3C0FF3">1</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="CCC3D8C9CA85E82D745DE1CFBB3E0B12">1</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="8982B4CA612B3922E063847C41A3FFC6">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="A47EF89AA326B159DE1025DAF1C6C428" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.5071.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="6CBADFCD66BD65D86156BE76E97C8F65" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7C1DBB6CE4961C3B7E046C9E298E73B9" type="Zenodo-Dep">5723255</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="3464AB2A5717FFF1FF3EFC77FCAC7E84" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5725374" ID-GBIF-Taxon="190686482" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5725374" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3464AB2A5717FFF1FF3EFC77FCAC7E84" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3464AB2A5717FFF1FF3EFC77FCAC7E84" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<subSubSection id="F4D749B75717FFF5FF3EFC77FE6478A4" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="BC721A3C5717FFF5FF3EFC77FE0C78F8" blockId="26.[151,455,930,1029]" box="[151,431,930,957]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<heading id="E73AAD505717FFF5FF3EFC77FE0C78F8" bold="true" box="[151,431,930,957]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5717FFF5FF3EFC77FE0C78F8" bold="true" box="[151,431,930,957]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5717FFF5FF3EFC77FEE978F8" authority="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan, 2021" authorityName="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,330,930,957]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5717FFF5FF3EFC77FEE978F8" bold="true" box="[151,330,930,957]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Litoria balatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
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||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="958A7B555717FFF5FEF8FC77FE0C78F8" box="[337,431,931,957]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
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</emphasis>
|
||
</heading>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BC721A3C5717FFF5FF3EFC13FE6478A4" blockId="26.[151,455,930,1029]" box="[151,455,967,993]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Slender Bleating Tree Frog</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F4D749B75717FFF5FF3EFC3FFEB07F40" box="[151,275,1003,1029]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="description">
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<paragraph id="BC721A3C5717FFF5FF3EFC3FFEB07F40" blockId="26.[151,455,930,1029]" box="[151,275,1003,1029]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<figureCitation id="24F606B95717FFF5FF3EFC3FFF487F40" box="[151,235,1003,1029]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,181,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-19@27.[151,1435,181,1849]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 11. Holotype of Litoria balatus sp. nov. QM J91105. A) in life, B) view of throat in life, C) dorsal view in preservative D) ventral view in preservative, E) palmar view of hand in preservative, F) plantar view of foot in preservative, G) lateral view of head in preservative. Scale bar = 1 cm. Images in life Harry B. Hines and in preservative Jodi Rowley." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5723279" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5723279/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Figs 11</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="24F606B95717FFF5FF5EFC3FFEB07F40" box="[247,275,1003,1029]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1857,1881]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-24@28.[151,1435,181,1833]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 12. Images in life of Litoria balatus sp. nov. A) QM J95155, B) QM J95156, Mount Victoria, Bunya Mountains Road, adjoining Bunya Mountains National Park, Qld, C) QM J93232, Ocean View, Qld, D) QM J86660, Karawatha Forest Park, Qld, E) QM J97210, Samsonvale, Qld, F) QM J96340, Maroon, Qld, G) QM J97210, Samsonvale, Qld, H) QM J96340, Maroon, Qld, I) QM J96341, Barney View, Qld, J) QM J86661, Karawatha, Qld. All images by Harry B. Hines." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5723281" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5723281/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">12</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F4D749B75717FFF5FF3EFBE7FB327FFC" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="materials_examined">
|
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<paragraph id="BC721A3C5717FFF5FF3EFBE7FD6B7FD0" blockId="26.[151,1437,1075,2037]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<materialsCitation id="0CA510615717FFF5FF3EFBE7FD6B7FD0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3411385302" accessionNumber="J91105" collectingDate="2010-02-02" collectionCode="QM" collectorName="Harry B. Hines" county="An" latitude="-27.5406" location="Mt Crosby" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="152.8614" municipality="Anstead Bushland Reserve" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Queensland" typeStatus="holotype">
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<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5717FFF5FF3EFBE7FEA87F08" bold="true" box="[151,267,1075,1101]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<typeStatus id="6376A49E5717FFF5FF3EFBE7FEA57F08" box="[151,262,1075,1101]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
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.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<collectionCode id="DADC82F95717FFF5FEBBFBE7FE9C7F08" box="[274,319,1075,1101]" country="Australia" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:35019" name="Queensland Museum" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="Museum">QM</collectionCode>
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<accessionNumber id="A39E87DF5717FFF5FEEEFBE7FE397F0B" box="[327,410,1075,1102]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/J91105" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="EnaNcbi">J91105</accessionNumber>
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.
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<collectingCounty id="551362B05717FFF5FE0AFBE7FE667F08" box="[419,453,1075,1101]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">An</collectingCounty>
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adult male collected from a small drainage in the northeastern corner of
|
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<collectingMunicipality id="5C1680465717FFF5FB5FFBE7FE897F34" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Anstead Bushland Reserve</collectingMunicipality>
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, near the junction of
|
||
<location id="B9124CE75717FFF5FDA7FB83FD267F34" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3464AB2A5717FFF1FF3EFC77FCAC7E84:B9124CE75717FFF5FDA7FB83FD267F34" box="[526,645,1111,1137]" county="An" latitude="-27.5406" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="152.8614" municipality="Anstead Bushland Reserve" name="Mt Crosby" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" stateProvince="Queensland">Mt Crosby</location>
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and
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<location id="B9124CE75717FFF5FD11FB83FC377F34" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3464AB2A5717FFF1FF3EFC77FCAC7E84:B9124CE75717FFF5FD11FB83FC377F34" box="[696,916,1111,1137]" county="An" latitude="-27.5406" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="152.8614" municipality="Anstead Bushland Reserve" name="Hawkesbury Roads" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" stateProvince="Queensland">Hawkesbury Roads</location>
|
||
,
|
||
<location id="B9124CE75717FFF5FC32FB83FC597F34" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3464AB2A5717FFF1FF3EFC77FCAC7E84:B9124CE75717FFF5FC32FB83FC597F34" box="[923,1018,1111,1137]" county="An" latitude="-27.5406" longLatPrecision="6" longitude="152.8614" municipality="Anstead Bushland Reserve" name="Anstead" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" stateProvince="Queensland">Anstead</location>
|
||
, south-eastern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="7E09D4DE5717FFF5FB37FB83FA817F34" box="[1182,1314,1111,1137]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Queensland</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
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<geoCoordinate id="D9F97CFB5717FFF5FA86FB83FA3B7F37" box="[1327,1432,1111,1138]" degrees="27.5406" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="5" value="-27.5406">-27.5406</geoCoordinate>
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||
,
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<geoCoordinate id="D9F97CFB5717FFF5FF3EFBAFFEA17FD3" box="[151,258,1147,1174]" degrees="152.8614" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" precision="5" value="152.8614">152.8614</geoCoordinate>
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||
) by
|
||
<collectorName id="11387FEA5717FFF5FE9DFBAFFE7E7FD0" box="[308,477,1147,1173]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Harry B. Hines</collectorName>
|
||
on
|
||
<date id="C8733CFC5717FFF5FDA1FBAFFD667FD0" box="[520,709,1147,1173]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="2010-02-02">
|
||
<collectingDate id="D837C5145717FFF5FDA1FBAFFD667FD0" box="[520,709,1147,1173]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" value="2010-02-02">2 February 2010</collectingDate>
|
||
</date>
|
||
.
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BC721A3C5717FFF5FF6EFB4BFB327FFC" blockId="26.[151,1437,1075,2037]" box="[199,1169,1183,1209]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5717FFF5FF6EFB4BFE127FFC" bold="true" box="[199,433,1183,1209]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||
See Supplementary
|
||
<tableCitation id="F14F2F875717FFF5FD3EFB4BFD5A7FFC" box="[663,761,1183,1209]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,239,1484,1508]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="TABLE 1. Specimens of Litoria examined for molecular genetic analyses. Locality #—number used to identify the locality in tables and figures. SNP cluster: b—L. balatus sp. nov., d—L. dentata, and q—L. quiritatus sp. nov. ND4—GenBank accession number. Supplementary entries in ND4 column refers to sequences <200bp in the alignment presented in the Supplementary File. ABTC Number—tissue accession number, Australian Biological Tissue Collection South Australian Museum. Voucher institutions: AMS—Australian Museum, Sydney; ANWC—Australian National Wildlife Collection, CSIRO Canberra; SAMA—South Australian Museum, Adelaide; QM—Queensland Museum, Brisbane. NP—National Park. NSW—New South Wales, Qld—Queensland." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/E8B24AB4570CFFEEFF3EFA18FB5C7DF9" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" tableUuid="E8B24AB4570CFFEEFF3EFA18FB5C7DF9">Table S1</tableCitation>
|
||
for details of all material examined.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="F4D749B75717FFF5FF6EFB17FD907E44" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="description">
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<paragraph id="BC721A3C5717FFF5FF6EFB17FD907E44" blockId="26.[151,1437,1075,2037]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5717FFF5FF6EFB17FECC7F98" bold="true" box="[199,367,1219,1245]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Dimensions of</emphasis>
|
||
<materialsCitation id="0CA510615717FFF5FEDCFB17FD8C7E44" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3411385301" collectionCode="SVL" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" specimenCode="SVL 36.3" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5717FFF5FEDCFB17FD897F98" bold="true" box="[373,554,1219,1245]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<typeStatus id="6376A49E5717FFF5FEDCFB17FE7F7F98" box="[373,476,1219,1245]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(mm).
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
<specimenCode id="EC6BB2475717FFF5FD99FB17FD3D7F98" box="[560,670,1219,1245]" collectionCode="SVL" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">SVL 36.3</specimenCode>
|
||
; HL 10.2; HW 10.6; IND 2.4; EN 3.4; ED 3.5; IOD 6.4; TD 2.1; FLL 6.7; Fin3L 8.9; TL 14.8; Toe4L 13.7
|
||
</materialsCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F4D749B75717FFF5FF6EFADFFE0B7E9C" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="diagnosis">
|
||
<paragraph id="BC721A3C5717FFF5FF6EFADFFE0B7E9C" blockId="26.[151,1437,1075,2037]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5717FFF5FF6EFADFFEE17E60" bold="true" box="[199,322,1291,1317]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5717FFF5FEE3FAD8FE517E60" authority="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan, 2021" authorityName="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan" authorityYear="2021" box="[330,498,1291,1317]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5717FFF5FEE3FAD8FE517E60" box="[330,498,1291,1317]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Litoria balatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5717FFF5FE53FADFFDF67E60" bold="true" box="[506,597,1291,1317]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="958A7B555717FFF5FE53FADFFDF67E60" box="[506,597,1291,1317]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is distinguished from all species in the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5717FFF5FBB2FAD8FB617E60" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[1051,1218,1291,1317]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5717FFF5FBB2FAD8FB617E60" box="[1051,1218,1291,1317]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Litoria rubella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
group by a combination of (1) adult body size
|
||
<quantity id="7B35B7D95717FFF5FE4EFAFBFDC07E0C" box="[487,611,1327,1353]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.4" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="35.0" valueMax="44.0" valueMin="26.0">26–44 mm</quantity>
|
||
in males and
|
||
<quantity id="7B35B7D95717FFF5FCAFFAFBFC227E0C" box="[774,897,1327,1353]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" metricValueMax="4.3" metricValueMin="3.3" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" unit="mm" value="38.0" valueMax="43.0" valueMin="33.0">33–43 mm</quantity>
|
||
in females, (2) relatively slender build, (3) the presence of a single, continuous, irregularly edged, dark brown dorsal band, (4) the absence of light spots on the dorsum, (5) lack of a well-defined pale mid-dorsal stripe, (6) absence of distinctive pale markings above the groin, vent and along lower leg, (7) presence of a distinct dorsolateral line continuing to groin, and (8) adult males having a vocal sac that is black.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F4D749B75717FFF2FF6EFA37FD3E7EA0" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="description">
|
||
<paragraph id="BC721A3C5717FFF5FF6EFA37FF7A7D2F" blockId="26.[151,1437,1075,2037]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5717FFF5FF6EFA37FE457EB8" bold="true" box="[199,486,1507,1533]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
Description of
|
||
<typeStatus id="6376A49E5717FFF5FED1FA37FE427EB8" box="[376,481,1507,1533]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
.
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
Habitus slender; head widest at eyes, slightly wider than long (HW/HL 1.04); snout rounded in lateral and dorsal profiles; nostrils prominent in dorsal profile; vomerine teeth in single row running laterally anteriorly to choanae. Tympanum circular and clearly visible, about half the diameter of the eye (TD/ED 0.61).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BC721A3C5717FFF5FF6EF9A7FA3F7DBC" blockId="26.[151,1437,1075,2037]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fingers and toes with prominent terminal discs; fingers with basal webbing, toes half webbed. Relative lengths of fingers 3>4>2>1; of toes 4>5=3>2>1. Sub-articular tubercles present under fingers and toes but not prominent; inner metatarsal tubercles present and prominent, approximately one third the length of first toe. Nuptial pad oval, restricted to dorsal surface of proximal half of first finger, comprised of small granules. Legs short (TL/SVL 0.41).</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BC721A3C5717FFF5FF6EF8D7FA307CB0" blockId="26.[151,1437,1075,2037]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
|
||
In life, all dorsal surfaces dark brown, contrasting strongly with pale ventral surfaces of body and limbs (
|
||
<figureCitation id="24F606B95717FFF5FAC6F8D7FF177C04" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,181,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-19@27.[151,1435,181,1849]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 11. Holotype of Litoria balatus sp. nov. QM J91105. A) in life, B) view of throat in life, C) dorsal view in preservative D) ventral view in preservative, E) palmar view of hand in preservative, F) plantar view of foot in preservative, G) lateral view of head in preservative. Scale bar = 1 cm. Images in life Harry B. Hines and in preservative Jodi Rowley." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5723279" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5723279/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
|
||
). Continuous, irregularly edged, broad dark brown dorsal band from the snout to the vent, extending laterally to the dorsolateral margin. Flanks light brown. Dorsum weakly granular, becoming more granular laterally, on venter and on thighs. Upper surfaces of legs, arms and distal lower surfaces of legs and arms smooth. A dark stripe extends from snout, through eye, onto tympanum continues laterally above arm and then along lateral ventral margin of body to groin. White bar directly under eye and tympanum, immediately posterior to the tympanum. Ventral surface immaculate light cream. Single vocal sac and chin darkly pigmented, brownish-black, lower lip cream (
|
||
<figureCitation id="24F606B95717FFF5FAB6F80FFA257CB0" box="[1311,1414,2011,2037]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1873,1897]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,181,1849]" captionTargetId="figure-19@27.[151,1435,181,1849]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 11. Holotype of Litoria balatus sp. nov. QM J91105. A) in life, B) view of throat in life, C) dorsal view in preservative D) ventral view in preservative, E) palmar view of hand in preservative, F) plantar view of foot in preservative, G) lateral view of head in preservative. Scale bar = 1 cm. Images in life Harry B. Hines and in preservative Jodi Rowley." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5723279" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5723279/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Fig. 11D</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<caption id="E8B24AB45716FFF4FF3EF885FB627CF4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5723279" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5723279" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5723279/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" startId="27.[151,250,1873,1897]" targetBox="[152,1435,181,1849]" targetPageId="27">
|
||
<paragraph id="BC721A3C5716FFF4FF3EF885FB627CF4" blockId="27.[151,1436,1873,1970]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5716FFF4FF3EF885FEBE7C2C" bold="true" box="[151,285,1873,1897]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">FIGURE 11.</emphasis>
|
||
Holotype of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5716FFF4FE09F886FD947C2C" authority="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan, 2021" authorityName="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan" authorityYear="2021" box="[416,567,1873,1897]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5716FFF4FE09F886FD947C2C" box="[416,567,1873,1897]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Litoria balatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5716FFF4FD92F886FD287C2F" bold="true" box="[571,651,1874,1898]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="958A7B555716FFF4FD92F886FD287C2F" box="[571,651,1874,1898]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
QM
|
||
<accessionNumber id="A39E87DF5716FFF4FD16F885FCA97C2C" box="[703,778,1873,1897]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/J91105" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="EnaNcbi">J91105</accessionNumber>
|
||
.
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5716FFF4FCBBF885FC877C2C" bold="true" box="[786,804,1873,1897]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">A</emphasis>
|
||
) in life,
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5716FFF4FCD1F886FC2A7C2F" bold="true" box="[888,905,1874,1898]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">B</emphasis>
|
||
) view of throat in life,
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5716FFF4FBC7F885FB237C2C" bold="true" box="[1134,1152,1873,1897]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">C</emphasis>
|
||
) dorsal view in preservative
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5716FFF4FF3EF8A2FF0A7CCB" bold="true" box="[151,169,1910,1934]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">D</emphasis>
|
||
) ventral view in preservative,
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5716FFF4FE77F8A2FE4C7CCB" bold="true" box="[478,495,1910,1934]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">E</emphasis>
|
||
) palmar view of hand in preservative,
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5716FFF4FCDCF8A1FC2D7CC8" bold="true" box="[885,910,1909,1933]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">F)</emphasis>
|
||
plantar view of foot in preservative,
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5716FFF4FAAAF8A1FABC7CC8" bold="true" box="[1283,1311,1909,1933]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">G)</emphasis>
|
||
lateral view of head in preservative. Scale bar = 1 cm. Images in life Harry B. Hines and in preservative Jodi Rowley.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<caption id="E8B24AB45711FFF3FF3EF895FB087C80" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5723281" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5723281" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5723281/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" startId="28.[151,250,1857,1881]" targetBox="[151,1435,181,1832]" targetPageId="28">
|
||
<paragraph id="BC721A3C5711FFF3FF3EF895FB087C80" blockId="28.[151,1436,1857,1989]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5711FFF3FF3EF895FEBB7C1C" bold="true" box="[151,280,1857,1881]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">FIGURE 12</emphasis>
|
||
. Images in life of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5711FFF3FE64F896FDC07C1C" authority="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan, 2021" authorityName="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan" authorityYear="2021" box="[461,611,1857,1881]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5711FFF3FE64F896FDC07C1C" box="[461,611,1857,1881]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Litoria balatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5711FFF3FDC1F895FD6C7C1C" bold="true" box="[616,719,1857,1881]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="958A7B555711FFF3FDC1F895FD1B7C1C" box="[616,696,1857,1881]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
A
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
) QM
|
||
<accessionNumber id="A39E87DF5711FFF3FCA5F895FCF47C1C" box="[780,855,1857,1881]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/J95155" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="EnaNcbi">J95155</accessionNumber>
|
||
,
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5711FFF3FCC9F895FCDA7C1C" bold="true" box="[864,889,1857,1881]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">B)</emphasis>
|
||
QM
|
||
<accessionNumber id="A39E87DF5711FFF3FC04F895FC5A7C1C" box="[941,1017,1857,1881]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/J95156" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="EnaNcbi">J95156</accessionNumber>
|
||
, Mount Victoria, Bunya Mountains Road, adjoining Bunya Mountains National Park, Qld,
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5711FFF3FDD6F8B1FD397C38" bold="true" box="[639,666,1893,1917]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">C)</emphasis>
|
||
QM
|
||
<accessionNumber id="A39E87DF5711FFF3FD67F8B1FCBA7C38" box="[718,793,1893,1917]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/J93232" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="EnaNcbi">J93232</accessionNumber>
|
||
, Ocean View, Qld,
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5711FFF3FC73F8B1FC577C38" bold="true" box="[986,1012,1893,1917]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">D)</emphasis>
|
||
QM
|
||
<accessionNumber id="A39E87DF5711FFF3FB81F8B1FBD77C38" box="[1064,1140,1893,1917]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/J86660" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="EnaNcbi">J86660</accessionNumber>
|
||
, Karawatha Forest Park, Qld,
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5711FFF3FF3EF85DFF137CE4" bold="true" box="[151,176,1929,1953]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">E)</emphasis>
|
||
QM
|
||
<accessionNumber id="A39E87DF5711FFF3FF41F85DFE977CE4" box="[232,308,1929,1953]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/J97210" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="EnaNcbi">J97210</accessionNumber>
|
||
, Samsonvale, Qld,
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5711FFF3FE52F85DFDA97CE4" bold="true" box="[507,522,1929,1953]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">F</emphasis>
|
||
) QM
|
||
<accessionNumber id="A39E87DF5711FFF3FDE2F85DFD347CE4" box="[587,663,1929,1953]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/J96340" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="EnaNcbi">J96340</accessionNumber>
|
||
, Maroon, Qld,
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5711FFF3FC9DF85DFCEB7CE4" bold="true" box="[820,840,1929,1953]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">G</emphasis>
|
||
) QM
|
||
<accessionNumber id="A39E87DF5711FFF3FC21F85DFC707CE4" box="[904,979,1929,1953]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/J97210" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="EnaNcbi">J97210</accessionNumber>
|
||
, Samsonvale, Qld,
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5711FFF3FB32F85DFB0C7CE4" bold="true" box="[1179,1199,1929,1953]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">H</emphasis>
|
||
) QM
|
||
<accessionNumber id="A39E87DF5711FFF3FB46F85DFA997CE4" box="[1263,1338,1929,1953]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/J96340" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="EnaNcbi">J96340</accessionNumber>
|
||
, Maroon, Qld,
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5711FFF3FF63F879FF777C80" bold="true" box="[202,212,1965,1989]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">I</emphasis>
|
||
) QM
|
||
<accessionNumber id="A39E87DF5711FFF3FEBBF879FEFD7C80" box="[274,350,1965,1989]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/J96341" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="EnaNcbi">J96341</accessionNumber>
|
||
, Barney View, Qld,
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5711FFF3FD83F879FD947C80" bold="true" box="[554,567,1965,1989]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">J</emphasis>
|
||
) QM
|
||
<accessionNumber id="A39E87DF5711FFF3FDDDF879FD637C80" box="[628,704,1965,1989]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/J86661" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="EnaNcbi">J86661</accessionNumber>
|
||
, Karawatha, Qld. All images by Harry B. Hines.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</caption>
|
||
<paragraph id="BC721A3C5710FFF2FF6EFF42FDA37B90" blockId="29.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FF6EFF42FE9B7BF5" bold="true" box="[199,312,150,176]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Variation</emphasis>
|
||
. Male SVL
|
||
<quantity id="7B35B7D95710FFF2FE16FF43FD9A7BF4" box="[447,569,151,177]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.4" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="35.0" valueMax="44.0" valueMin="26.0">26–44 mm</quantity>
|
||
, female SVL
|
||
<quantity id="7B35B7D95710FFF2FD79FF43FCE87BF4" box="[720,843,151,177]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" metricValueMax="4.3" metricValueMin="3.3" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="mm" value="38.0" valueMax="43.0" valueMin="33.0">33–43 mm</quantity>
|
||
. Summary of variation in morphometric variables for each sex is presented in
|
||
<tableCitation id="F14F2F875710FFF2FE0FFF6FFE587B90" box="[422,507,186,213]" captionStart="TABLE 5" captionStartId="14.[151,239,603,627]" captionTargetBox="[163,1366,679,1790]" captionText="TABLE 5. Summary of metric variation (mean ±SD, and range in mm) in Litoria dentata sensu lato. Sample sizes are in" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/E8B24AB45703FFE1FF3EFD8FFCE279D2" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" tableUuid="E8B24AB45703FFE1FF3EFD8FFCE279D2">Table 5</tableCitation>
|
||
.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BC721A3C5710FFF2FF6EFF0BFD3D7978" blockId="29.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
Variation in colour in life is described from images (
|
||
<figureCitation id="24F606B95710FFF2FCB2FF0BFCD37BBC" box="[795,880,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1857,1881]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-24@28.[151,1435,181,1833]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 12. Images in life of Litoria balatus sp. nov. A) QM J95155, B) QM J95156, Mount Victoria, Bunya Mountains Road, adjoining Bunya Mountains National Park, Qld, C) QM J93232, Ocean View, Qld, D) QM J86660, Karawatha Forest Park, Qld, E) QM J97210, Samsonvale, Qld, F) QM J96340, Maroon, Qld, G) QM J97210, Samsonvale, Qld, H) QM J96340, Maroon, Qld, I) QM J96341, Barney View, Qld, J) QM J86661, Karawatha, Qld. All images by Harry B. Hines." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5723281" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5723281/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
|
||
). Dorsal colouration varies from cream (e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="24F606B95710FFF2FAD9FF0BFF6A7A58" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1857,1881]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-24@28.[151,1435,181,1833]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 12. Images in life of Litoria balatus sp. nov. A) QM J95155, B) QM J95156, Mount Victoria, Bunya Mountains Road, adjoining Bunya Mountains National Park, Qld, C) QM J93232, Ocean View, Qld, D) QM J86660, Karawatha Forest Park, Qld, E) QM J97210, Samsonvale, Qld, F) QM J96340, Maroon, Qld, G) QM J97210, Samsonvale, Qld, H) QM J96340, Maroon, Qld, I) QM J96341, Barney View, Qld, J) QM J86661, Karawatha, Qld. All images by Harry B. Hines." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5723281" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5723281/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 12A</figureCitation>
|
||
) to a warm medium brown (e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="24F606B95710FFF2FDEBFED7FD097A58" box="[578,682,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1857,1881]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-24@28.[151,1435,181,1833]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 12. Images in life of Litoria balatus sp. nov. A) QM J95155, B) QM J95156, Mount Victoria, Bunya Mountains Road, adjoining Bunya Mountains National Park, Qld, C) QM J93232, Ocean View, Qld, D) QM J86660, Karawatha Forest Park, Qld, E) QM J97210, Samsonvale, Qld, F) QM J96340, Maroon, Qld, G) QM J97210, Samsonvale, Qld, H) QM J96340, Maroon, Qld, I) QM J96341, Barney View, Qld, J) QM J86661, Karawatha, Qld. All images by Harry B. Hines." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5723281" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5723281/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 12D</figureCitation>
|
||
), with a distinct darker brown or brownish-grey patch across head and down the back, narrowing in width over the axilla and then also on the mid-dorsum. Some individuals mottled (e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="24F606B95710FFF2FF7BFE9FFE957A20" box="[210,310,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1857,1881]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-24@28.[151,1435,181,1833]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 12. Images in life of Litoria balatus sp. nov. A) QM J95155, B) QM J95156, Mount Victoria, Bunya Mountains Road, adjoining Bunya Mountains National Park, Qld, C) QM J93232, Ocean View, Qld, D) QM J86660, Karawatha Forest Park, Qld, E) QM J97210, Samsonvale, Qld, F) QM J96340, Maroon, Qld, G) QM J97210, Samsonvale, Qld, H) QM J96340, Maroon, Qld, I) QM J96341, Barney View, Qld, J) QM J86661, Karawatha, Qld. All images by Harry B. Hines." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5723281" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5723281/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 12F</figureCitation>
|
||
). Paler mid-dorsal line absent. Distinctly darker dorsolateral line running from snout, through eye, over tympanum, and down side of body to groin varies from medium- to dark- brown Bright white patch on upper lip between lower margin of eye and insertion of the arm. Dorsal surface of limbs medium-brown; finger and toe tips vary from medium-brown to pale yellow (e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="24F606B95710FFF2FD7DFE63FCFF7A94" box="[724,860,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1857,1881]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-24@28.[151,1435,181,1833]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 12. Images in life of Litoria balatus sp. nov. A) QM J95155, B) QM J95156, Mount Victoria, Bunya Mountains Road, adjoining Bunya Mountains National Park, Qld, C) QM J93232, Ocean View, Qld, D) QM J86660, Karawatha Forest Park, Qld, E) QM J97210, Samsonvale, Qld, F) QM J96340, Maroon, Qld, G) QM J97210, Samsonvale, Qld, H) QM J96340, Maroon, Qld, I) QM J96341, Barney View, Qld, J) QM J86661, Karawatha, Qld. All images by Harry B. Hines." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5723281" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5723281/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 12A, B</figureCitation>
|
||
). Back of thighs transparent pinkish-orange or yellow-orange with varying amounts of darker brown pigment and opaque, creamy yellow flecks (e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="24F606B95710FFF2FABDFE0FFA327AB0" box="[1300,1425,474,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1872,1896]" captionTargetBox="[203,1391,539,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-159@17.[177,1411,525,1848]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 5. Body shape in sexually mature males. Litoria balatus sp. nov. A–C) QM J92768, Ormeau Hills, Qld, J92497, Moggill, Qld and J92771, Woongoolba Conservation Park, Qld; L. dentata D–F) AMS R184705 and R184704, Oxley Wild Rivers National Park, NSW; AMS R184779, Kyogle, NSW, and L. quiritatus sp. nov. G–I) AMS R183115 and R183112, Ourimbah Creek Road, NSW; AMS R147054, Homebush Bay, NSW. Images were scaled to the same snout-vent length to facilitate comparisons." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5723267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5723267/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 5A–C</figureCitation>
|
||
). Belly white; vocal sac in males black when deflated and grey when inflated (
|
||
<figureCitation id="24F606B95710FFF2FBABFE2BFB26795C" box="[1026,1157,511,537]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1857,1881]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-24@28.[151,1435,181,1833]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 12. Images in life of Litoria balatus sp. nov. A) QM J95155, B) QM J95156, Mount Victoria, Bunya Mountains Road, adjoining Bunya Mountains National Park, Qld, C) QM J93232, Ocean View, Qld, D) QM J86660, Karawatha Forest Park, Qld, E) QM J97210, Samsonvale, Qld, F) QM J96340, Maroon, Qld, G) QM J97210, Samsonvale, Qld, H) QM J96340, Maroon, Qld, I) QM J96341, Barney View, Qld, J) QM J86661, Karawatha, Qld. All images by Harry B. Hines." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5723281" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5723281/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 12G–J</figureCitation>
|
||
). Iris copper-brown (e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="24F606B95710FFF2FF3EFDF7FEB47978" box="[151,279,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1857,1881]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-24@28.[151,1435,181,1833]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 12. Images in life of Litoria balatus sp. nov. A) QM J95155, B) QM J95156, Mount Victoria, Bunya Mountains Road, adjoining Bunya Mountains National Park, Qld, C) QM J93232, Ocean View, Qld, D) QM J86660, Karawatha Forest Park, Qld, E) QM J97210, Samsonvale, Qld, F) QM J96340, Maroon, Qld, G) QM J97210, Samsonvale, Qld, H) QM J96340, Maroon, Qld, I) QM J96341, Barney View, Qld, J) QM J86661, Karawatha, Qld. All images by Harry B. Hines." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5723281" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5723281/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 12E, F</figureCitation>
|
||
) to reddish-copper (e.g.
|
||
<figureCitation id="24F606B95710FFF2FD83FDF7FD327978" box="[554,657,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 12" captionStartId="28.[151,250,1857,1881]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,181,1832]" captionTargetId="figure-24@28.[151,1435,181,1833]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIGURE 12. Images in life of Litoria balatus sp. nov. A) QM J95155, B) QM J95156, Mount Victoria, Bunya Mountains Road, adjoining Bunya Mountains National Park, Qld, C) QM J93232, Ocean View, Qld, D) QM J86660, Karawatha Forest Park, Qld, E) QM J97210, Samsonvale, Qld, F) QM J96340, Maroon, Qld, G) QM J97210, Samsonvale, Qld, H) QM J96340, Maroon, Qld, I) QM J96341, Barney View, Qld, J) QM J86661, Karawatha, Qld. All images by Harry B. Hines." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5723281" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5723281/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 12A</figureCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BC721A3C5710FFF2FF6EFD92FBD279B4" blockId="29.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FF6EFD92FE0D7924" bold="true" box="[199,430,582,609]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Advertisement call.</emphasis>
|
||
Call descriptions are based on the calls of eight individuals, including the
|
||
<typeStatus id="6376A49E5710FFF2FB45FD93FAED7924" box="[1260,1358,583,609]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="F14F2F875710FFF2FAF5FD93FF0479C0" captionStart="TABLE 6" captionStartId="20.[151,239,468,494]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="TABLE 6. Call data for Litoria dentata complex. Localities are in New South Wales unless indicated otherwise. N= number of calls measured. T = Temperature. Values represent averages (and ranges) per individual. NSW - New South Wales, Qld - Queensland. NP – National Park." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/E8B24AB45719FFFBFF3EFE00FB467957" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" tableUuid="E8B24AB45719FFFBFF3EFE00FB467957">Table 6</tableCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="24F606B95710FFF2FF1AFDBFFEA279C0" box="[179,257,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="18.[151,250,1012,1036]" captionTargetBox="[154,1436,185,983]" captionTargetId="figure-24@18.[151,1436,181,988]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 6. Call variation in Litoria balatus sp. nov., L. dentata and L. quiritatus sp. nov. Advertisement calls displayed as a 2 s waveform of relative amplitude (Rel. amp.) over time and corresponding spectrogram of frequency (Freq.) over time. The recorder of each call is listed in Table 6. Litoria balatus sp. nov.—A) holotype QM J91105, Anstead Bushland Reserve, Anstead, Qld (21°C), B) Karawatha Forest, Brisbane, Qld (24.5°C), C) FrogID capture 12633, Witta, Qld; L. dentata—D) AMS R184704, Oxley Wild Rivers National Park, NSW (18.5°C), E) AMS R184779, Kyogle, NSW (20.8°C), F) FrogID capture 6860, Cawongla, NSW; L. quiritatus sp. nov.—G) holotype AMS R185759, Coalcliff, NSW, H) not vouchered, Ourimbah NSW (22.8°C), I) FrogID capture 10260, Surf Beach, NSW." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5723269" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5723269/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
|
||
,
|
||
<figureCitation id="24F606B95710FFF2FEA5FDBFFEBF79C0" box="[268,284,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1935,1959]" captionTargetBox="[197,1398,1272,1905]" captionTargetId="figure-100@19.[189,1398,1269,1912]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 8. Variation in advertisement calls traits in Litoria balatus sp. nov., L. dentata and L. quiritatus sp. nov. A) Boxplots of i) Average pulses per call, ii) average dominant frequency (kHz), iii) average call duration (s) and iv) average pulse repetition rate (pulses/s) in, and B) i) Average pulses per call and ii) average pulse repetition rate (pulses/s) with ambient temperature." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5723273" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5723273/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">8</figureCitation>
|
||
). The advertisement calls of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FDF6FDBFFD6D79C0" authority="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan, 2021" authorityName="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan" authorityYear="2021" box="[607,718,619,645]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FDF6FDBFFD6D79C0" box="[607,718,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. balatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FD7CFDBFFC8D79C0" bold="true" box="[725,814,619,645]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="958A7B555710FFF2FD7CFDBFFC8D79C0" box="[725,814,619,645]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
comprises a single, highly-pulsed note. Individuals had a mean call duration of 0.63–
|
||
<geoCoordinate id="D9F97CFB5710FFF2FE4FFD5BFD8A79EC" box="[486,553,655,681]" degrees="1.12" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" precision="555" value="-1.12">1.12 s</geoCoordinate>
|
||
and an average of 45–77 uniformly spaced pulses repeated at a rate of 57–89 pulses/s. Calls were amplitude modulated, increasing either smoothly or rapidly to a peak at approximately 10–20% of the call duration, but with much variation. The dominant frequency was 3.4–4.3 kHz.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BC721A3C5710FFF2FF6EFD2EFD3E7EA0" blockId="29.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FF6EFD2EFDE47851" bold="true" box="[199,583,762,789]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Comparison with other species.</emphasis>
|
||
The distribution of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FC9DFD2FFC047850" authority="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan, 2021" authorityName="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan" authorityYear="2021" box="[820,935,763,789]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FC9DFD2FFC047850" box="[820,935,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. balatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FC18FD2FFBAD7850" bold="true" box="[945,1038,763,789]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="958A7B555710FFF2FC18FD2FFBAD7850" box="[945,1038,763,789]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
overlaps with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FB14FD2FFA8C7850" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[1213,1327,763,789]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FB14FD2FFA8C7850" box="[1213,1327,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. rubella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and may overlap with
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FE82FCCBFE3F787C" baseAuthorityName="Keferstein" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[299,412,799,825]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dentata">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FE82FCCBFE3F787C" box="[299,412,799,825]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. dentata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in the Scenic Rim area of Queensland, but it is allopatric with the other six members of the
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FF3EFC97FEAB7818" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[151,264,835,861]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FF3EFC97FEAB7818" box="[151,264,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. rubella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
species group (
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FE17FC97FDE87819" authorityName="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan" authorityYear="2021" box="[446,587,835,860]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quiritatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FE17FC97FDE87819" box="[446,587,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. quiritatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from southern NSW and eastern Victoria,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FB9EFC97FB1B7818" authorityName="Ingram & Corben" authorityYear="1990" box="[1079,1208,835,861]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="electrica">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FB9EFC97FB1B7818" box="[1079,1208,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. electrica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from north-western Queensland,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FE83FCB3FE1478C5" baseAuthorityName="Peters & Doria" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[298,439,871,896]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="congenita">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FE83FCB3FE1478C5" box="[298,439,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. congenita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FE59FCB3FDD778C5" baseAuthorityName="Meyer" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[496,628,871,896]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pygmaea">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FE59FCB3FDD778C5" box="[496,628,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. pygmaea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in New
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C4DA5AAC5710FFF2FD7FFCB3FC8478C4" box="[726,807,871,897]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FCC9FCB3FC7978C4" baseAuthorityName="Tyler" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[864,986,871,897]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capitula">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FCC9FCB3FC7978C4" box="[864,986,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. capitula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
on Tanimbar Islands,
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C4DA5AAC5710FFF2FB7EFCB3FAEA78C7" box="[1239,1353,871,898]" name="Indonesia" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||
). It can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FE31FC5FFDAB78E0" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[408,520,907,933]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FE31FC5FFDAB78E0" box="[408,520,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. rubella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the presence of a continuous, irregularly edged, dark brown dorsal band and a less robust body (i.e. head much narrower than body in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FC8DFC7BFC30788C" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[804,915,943,969]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FC8DFC7BFC30788C" box="[804,915,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. rubella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
). In addition, the call of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FB06FC7BFABC788C" authority="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan, 2021" authorityName="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan" authorityYear="2021" box="[1199,1311,943,969]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FB06FC7BFABC788C" box="[1199,1311,943,969]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. balatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FA8EFC7BFA21788C" bold="true" box="[1319,1410,943,969]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="958A7B555710FFF2FA8EFC7BFA21788C" box="[1319,1410,943,969]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is much higher pitched, of longer duration, with more pulses and a faster pulse repetition rate than that of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FA84FC07FA3F78A8" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[1325,1436,979,1005]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FA84FC07FA3F78A8" box="[1325,1436,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. rubella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
in south-eastern Queensland.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FE4BFC23FD2A7F54" authority="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan, 2021" authorityName="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan" authorityYear="2021" box="[482,649,1015,1041]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FE4BFC23FD2A7F54" box="[482,649,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Litoria balatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FD38FC23FD497F54" bold="true" box="[657,746,1015,1041]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="958A7B555710FFF2FD38FC23FD497F54" box="[657,746,1015,1041]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is widely sympatric with
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FBA5FC23FB217F54" box="[1036,1154,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FBA5FC23FBDD7F54" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[1036,1150,1015,1041]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">L. rubella</taxonomicName>
|
||
,
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and with the two species often calling together these differences in advertisement call are readily apparent.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FB97FBCFFB457F70" authority="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan, 2021" authorityName="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan" authorityYear="2021" box="[1086,1254,1051,1077]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FB97FBCFFB457F70" box="[1086,1254,1051,1077]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Litoria balatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FB46FBCFFAE97F70" bold="true" box="[1263,1354,1051,1077]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="958A7B555710FFF2FB46FBCFFAE97F70" box="[1263,1354,1051,1077]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FEDBFBEBFE517F1C" authorityName="Ingram & Corben" authorityYear="1990" box="[370,498,1087,1113]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="electrica">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FEDBFBEBFE517F1C" box="[370,498,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. electrica</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the presence of a continuous, irregularly edged, dark brown dorsal band (versus two dark chocolate-coloured bars across the dorsum). It can be distinguished from the New Guinean species
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FA2FFBB7FEA67FE5" baseAuthorityName="Peters & Doria" baseAuthorityYear="1878" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="congenita">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FA2FFBB7FEA67FE5" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. congenita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FE92FB53FE1E7FE5" baseAuthorityName="Meyer" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[315,445,1159,1184]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pygmaea">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FE92FB53FE1E7FE5" box="[315,445,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. pygmaea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by absence of light spots (versus large and conspicuous in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FBE5FB53FB6D7FE5" baseAuthorityName="Meyer" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[1100,1230,1159,1184]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pygmaea">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FBE5FB53FB6D7FE5" box="[1100,1230,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. pygmaea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, smaller and more variable in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FEBCFB7FFE037F81" baseAuthorityName="Peters & Doria" baseAuthorityYear="1878" box="[277,416,1195,1220]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="congenita">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FEBCFB7FFE037F81" box="[277,416,1195,1220]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. congenita</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
) on dark dorsal background. It can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FB80FB7FFB017F80" baseAuthorityName="Tyler" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[1065,1186,1195,1221]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capitula">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FB80FB7FFB017F80" box="[1065,1186,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. capitula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by the absence of distinctive pale markings above the groin, vent and along lower leg that are present in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FBEAFB1BFB1E7FAC" baseAuthorityName="Tyler" baseAuthorityYear="1968" box="[1091,1213,1231,1257]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="capitula">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FBEAFB1BFB1E7FAC" box="[1091,1213,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. capitula</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
.
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FB62FB1BFA987FAC" authority="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan, 2021" authorityName="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan" authorityYear="2021" box="[1227,1339,1231,1257]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FB62FB1BFA987FAC" box="[1227,1339,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. balatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FAEBFB1BFA3F7FAC" bold="true" box="[1346,1436,1231,1257]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="958A7B555710FFF2FAEBFB1BFA3F7FAC" box="[1346,1436,1231,1257]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FE6DFB27FD947E48" baseAuthorityName="Keferstein" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[452,567,1267,1293]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dentata">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FE6DFB27FD947E48" box="[452,567,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. dentata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
by males having a vocal sac that is black when deflated and inflated (versus black or very dark yellowish black when deflated and yellowish brown when inflated). It can be distinguished from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FF3EFAEFFE807E11" authority="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan, 2021" authorityName="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan" authorityYear="2021" box="[151,291,1339,1364]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quiritatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FF3EFAEFFE807E11" box="[151,291,1339,1364]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. quiritatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FE82FAEFFE257E10" bold="true" box="[299,390,1339,1365]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="958A7B555710FFF2FE82FAEFFE257E10" box="[299,390,1339,1365]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
by males having a vocal sac that is black (versus yellow when deflated and inflated). It can be distinguished further from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FE44FA8BFDC27E3C" baseAuthorityName="Keferstein" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[493,609,1375,1401]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dentata">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FE44FA8BFDC27E3C" box="[493,609,1375,1401]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. dentata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FD32FA8BFC847E3D" authority="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan, 2021" authorityName="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan" authorityYear="2021" box="[667,807,1375,1400]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quiritatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FD32FA8BFC847E3D" box="[667,807,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. quiritatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FC99FA8BFC2F7E3C" bold="true" box="[816,908,1375,1401]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="958A7B555710FFF2FC99FA8BFC2F7E3C" box="[816,908,1375,1401]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
by having a distinct dorsolateral line continuing to groin (versus diffusing above insertion of arm), and more slender build (
|
||
<figureCitation id="24F606B95710FFF2FBA5FA57FBF27ED8" box="[1036,1105,1410,1437]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1872,1896]" captionTargetBox="[203,1391,539,1837]" captionTargetId="figure-159@17.[177,1411,525,1848]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 5. Body shape in sexually mature males. Litoria balatus sp. nov. A–C) QM J92768, Ormeau Hills, Qld, J92497, Moggill, Qld and J92771, Woongoolba Conservation Park, Qld; L. dentata D–F) AMS R184705 and R184704, Oxley Wild Rivers National Park, NSW; AMS R184779, Kyogle, NSW, and L. quiritatus sp. nov. G–I) AMS R183115 and R183112, Ourimbah Creek Road, NSW; AMS R147054, Homebush Bay, NSW. Images were scaled to the same snout-vent length to facilitate comparisons." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5723267" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5723267/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||
). From a genetic perspective, apomorphic nucleotide states at 28 sites in the mitochondrial
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FCE2FA73FC237E84" box="[843,896,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">ND4</emphasis>
|
||
gene reliably diagnose
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FB25FA73FB5F7E84" authority="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan, 2021" authorityName="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan" authorityYear="2021" box="[1164,1276,1447,1473]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FB25FA73FB5F7E84" box="[1164,1276,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. balatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FAADFA73FAFD7E84" bold="true" box="[1284,1374,1447,1473]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="958A7B555710FFF2FAADFA73FAFD7E84" box="[1284,1374,1447,1473]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
from
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FF3EFA1FFEAA7EA0" baseAuthorityName="Keferstein" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[151,265,1483,1509]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dentata">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FF3EFA1FFEAA7EA0" box="[151,265,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. dentata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FE96FA1FFE697EA1" authority="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan, 2021" authorityName="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan" authorityYear="2021" box="[319,458,1483,1508]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="quiritatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FE96FA1FFE697EA1" box="[319,458,1483,1508]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. quiritatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FE78FA1FFD897EA0" bold="true" box="[465,554,1483,1509]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="958A7B555710FFF2FE78FA1FFD897EA0" box="[465,554,1483,1509]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<tableCitation id="F14F2F875710FFF2FD90FA1FFD2C7EA0" box="[569,655,1483,1509]" captionStart="TABLE 7" captionStartId="26.[151,239,296,320]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="TABLE 7. Twenty-eight apomorphic diagnostic nucleotide states (in bold) for L. balatus sp. nov., L. dentata and L. quiritatus sp. nov. in the ND4 alignment (618 bp) with site numbering referenced against Hyla annectans complete mitochondrial genome (GenBank accession KM271781) with numbering commencing from the start codon." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/E8B24AB45717FFF5FF3EFEFCFB4A7ACD" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" tableUuid="E8B24AB45717FFF5FF3EFEFCFB4A7ACD">Table 7</tableCitation>
|
||
).
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F4D749B75710FFF2FF6EFA3BFDD07D68" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="etymology">
|
||
<paragraph id="BC721A3C5710FFF2FF6EFA3BFDD07D68" blockId="29.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FF6EFA3BFEED7D4C" bold="true" box="[199,334,1519,1545]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||
The specific epithet,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FD96FA3BFD327D4C" authorityName="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan" authorityYear="2021" box="[575,657,1519,1545]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balatus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FD96FA3BFD327D4C" box="[575,657,1519,1545]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">balatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, is a masculine Latin 4
|
||
<superScript id="4BB8B7745710FFF2FC3CFA3AFC017EB9" attach="left" box="[917,930,1518,1532]" fontSize="6" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">th</superScript>
|
||
declension noun, meaning “a bleating”, used as a noun in apposition to the genus name.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F4D749B75710FFF1FF6EF9E2FAF97924" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="distribution">
|
||
<paragraph id="BC721A3C5710FFF2FF6EF9E2FC477C34" blockId="29.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FF6EF9E2FEC27D15" bold="true" box="[199,353,1590,1616]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FEC0F9E3FDB17D14" authority="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan, 2021" authorityName="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan" authorityYear="2021" box="[361,530,1591,1617]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FEC0F9E3FDB17D14" box="[361,530,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Litoria balatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FDB2F9E3FDD57D14" bold="true" box="[539,630,1591,1617]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="958A7B555710FFF2FDB2F9E3FDD57D14" box="[539,630,1591,1617]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is known currently from south-eastern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="7E09D4DE5710FFF2FB93F9E3FB1D7D14" box="[1082,1214,1591,1617]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Queensland</collectingRegion>
|
||
from the Maryborough district in the north (Biggenden, QM
|
||
<accessionNumber id="A39E87DF5710FFF2FD2BF98EFD777D30" box="[642,724,1626,1653]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/J24056" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="EnaNcbi">J24056</accessionNumber>
|
||
) to the foothills of the scenic rim (Barney View, QM
|
||
<accessionNumber id="A39E87DF5710FFF2FA92F98FFA337D33" box="[1339,1424,1627,1654]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/J96341" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="EnaNcbi">J96341</accessionNumber>
|
||
), west to the Bunya Mountains. There are records of
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FD71F9ABFC607DDC" box="[728,963,1663,1689]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FD71F9ABFCE97DDC" baseAuthorityName="Keferstein" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[728,842,1663,1689]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" sensu="lato" species="dentata">L. dentata</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="958A7B555710FFF2FCF8F9ABFC607DDC" box="[849,963,1663,1689]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" sensu="lato">sensu lato</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
further north (e.g. Atlas of Living
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C4DA5AAC5710FFF2FAE1F9ABFF157DFB" name="Australia" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||
), but there are no specimens or photographs available to verify these. The northernmost record of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FAAAF977FAD07DF8" authority="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan, 2021" authorityName="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan" authorityYear="2021" box="[1283,1395,1699,1725]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FAAAF977FAD07DF8" box="[1283,1395,1699,1725]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. balatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FAD2F977FF6B7DA4" bold="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="958A7B555710FFF2FAD2F977FF6B7DA4" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
in the FrogID project to date is in Maryborough. We are aware of a number of cases of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FB19F913FAF57DA4" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[1200,1366,1735,1761]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FB19F913FAF57DA4" box="[1200,1366,1735,1761]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Litoria rubella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
being misidentified as
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FEFBF93FFD9C7C40" box="[338,575,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FEFBF93FFE667C40" baseAuthorityName="Keferstein" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[338,453,1771,1797]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" sensu="lato" species="dentata">L. dentata</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="958A7B555710FFF2FE64F93FFD9C7C40" box="[461,575,1771,1797]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" sensu="lato">sensu lato</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
. Juvenile
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FD1DF93FFCF97C40" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[692,858,1771,1797]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FD1DF93FFCF97C40" box="[692,858,1771,1797]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Litoria rubella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
, especially in the Gladstone region, often have extensive dark markings on the dorsum, causing confusion. We sequenced one such juvenile
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FB38F8DBFAA37C6C" baseAuthorityName="Gray" baseAuthorityYear="1842" box="[1169,1280,1807,1833]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rubella">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FB38F8DBFAA37C6C" box="[1169,1280,1807,1833]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. rubella</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(QM
|
||
<accessionNumber id="A39E87DF5710FFF2FAEDF8DAFA3B7C6C" box="[1348,1432,1806,1833]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/J90515" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="EnaNcbi">J90515</accessionNumber>
|
||
, ABTC 127683) from the Mount Larcom area, near Gladstone to confirm its identity (
|
||
<figureCitation id="24F606B95710FFF2FBCCF8E7FB0F7C08" box="[1125,1196,1843,1869]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1916,1940]" captionTargetBox="[209,1379,456,1884]" captionTargetId="figure-180@11.[209,1379,453,1893]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 2. Litoria dentata sensu lato mtDNA Bayesian inference tree with Bayesian posterior probabilities (left) and ML bootstrap proportions (right) at nodes. The tree was rooted with members of the Litoria peronii species group (Table 1), which were not included here to facilitate legibility of terminal taxon names." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5723261" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5723261/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||
). Further surveys are required to ascertain the northern distributional limits of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FCBAF883FC207C34" authority="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan, 2021" authorityName="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan" authorityYear="2021" box="[787,899,1879,1905]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FCBAF883FC207C34" box="[787,899,1879,1905]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">L. balatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FC23F883FC477C34" bold="true" box="[906,996,1879,1905]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="958A7B555710FFF2FC23F883FC477C34" box="[906,996,1879,1905]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BC721A3C5710FFF2FF6EF8AFFC217C98" blockId="29.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5710FFF2FF6EF8AFFECE7CD0" authority="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan, 2021" authorityName="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan" authorityYear="2021" box="[199,365,1915,1941]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FF6EF8AFFECE7CD0" box="[199,365,1915,1941]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Litoria balatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5710FFF2FEDDF8AFFE6E7CD0" bold="true" box="[372,461,1915,1941]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="958A7B555710FFF2FEDDF8AFFE6E7CD0" box="[372,461,1915,1941]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
has a patchy distribution and is apparently absent from wallum habitats and from larger expanses of rainforest (
|
||
<figureCitation id="24F606B95710FFF2FE32F84BFE787CFC" box="[411,475,1951,1977]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[331,1255,179,1798]" captionTargetId="figure-24@8.[331,1255,179,1798]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 1. Map showing the distribution of Litoria balatus sp. nov. (black), L. dentata (red) and L. quiritatus sp. nov. (blue). Open red symbols represent locations where mitochondrial and morphological discordance was observed. Numbered symbols indicate locations where specimens analysed for molecular genetics were collected (Table 1), Lord Howe Island, where L. dentata is an introduced population (location 11), is not shown. Letters indicate type locations for L. balatus sp. nov.—b and L. quiritatus sp. nov.—q. Smaller grey circles show museum voucher records from the Atlas of LivingAustralia (accessed January 2016)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5723259" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5723259/files/figure.png" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||
). It occurs from near sea level, e.g., around the Woongoolba area (QM
|
||
<accessionNumber id="A39E87DF5710FFF2FB5CF84BFAEA7CFC" box="[1269,1353,1951,1977]" httpUri="https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/browser/api/embl/J92771" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="EnaNcbi">J92771</accessionNumber>
|
||
, ABTC 127802) to ~
|
||
<quantity id="7B35B7D95710FFF2FE8FF817FEC47C98" box="[294,359,1987,2013]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="m" value="600.0">600m</quantity>
|
||
in the Bunya Mountains and Conondale Range.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BC721A3C5713FFF1FF6EFF43FAF97924" blockId="30.[151,1437,151,1473]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
The ranges of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5713FFF1FEC4FF43FDB67BF4" authority="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan, 2021" authorityName="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan" authorityYear="2021" box="[365,533,151,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5713FFF1FEC4FF43FDB67BF4" box="[365,533,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Litoria balatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5713FFF1FDB7FF43FDD97BF4" bold="true" box="[542,634,151,177]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="958A7B555713FFF1FDB7FF43FDD97BF4" box="[542,634,151,177]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
and
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5713FFF1FD1AFF43FC857BF4" baseAuthorityName="Keferstein" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[691,806,151,177]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dentata">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5713FFF1FD1AFF43FC857BF4" box="[691,806,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">L. dentata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
are in close proximity in the Scenic Rim on the NSW-Queensland border. We found individuals with discordant mtDNA ancestry and phenotypes (body habitus) in this area (
|
||
<figureCitation id="24F606B95713FFF1FF7DFF0BFEB47BBC" box="[212,279,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="19.[151,250,1076,1100]" captionTargetBox="[189,1398,181,1053]" captionTargetId="figure-19@19.[189,1398,181,1053]" captionTargetPageId="19" captionText="FIGURE 7. Map showing sampling detail in south-eastern Queensland and north-eastern NSW. Symbols show mtDNA clade (black squares—L. balatus sp. nov., red triangles—L. dentata), letters show the morphological group (b—L. balatus sp. nov.). Hollow red triangle symbols indicate locations [33, 34, 36, 38] with evidence of mitochondrial introgression. Numbers indicate locations where specimens analysed for molecular genetics were collected (Table 1). Small symbols are ALA voucher records assigned to each species." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5723271" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5723271/files/figure.png" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||
) for which we currently do not have nuclear genotype data to establish their species identity. The Scenic Rim is characterised by mountainous terrain rising steeply above the coast and floodplains. Consequently, rainfall, temperature and vegetation vary markedly over very short distances. These patterns strongly influence the distribution of many vertebrate species in this region, and it is recognised as an area of overlap between northern and southern faunal groups (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D85C67CD5713FFF1FE0EFEBBFD0D7ACF" author="Bryant, L. M. & Krosch, M. N." box="[423,686,367,394]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="238 - 264" refId="ref20589" refString="Bryant, L. M. & Krosch, M. N. (2016) Lines in the land: a review of evidence for eastern Australia's major biogeographical barriers to closed forest taxa. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 119, 238 - 264. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / bij. 12821" type="journal article" year="2016">Bryant & Krosch 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Within
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5713FFF1FCBAFEBBFCFF7ACC" box="[787,860,367,393]" class="Amphibia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Anura</taxonomicName>
|
||
, for example,
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5713FFF1FC55FEBBFAA67ACD" authorityName="Keferstein" authorityYear="1868" box="[1020,1285,367,393]" class="Amphibia" family="Myobatrachidae" genus="Pseudophryne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="coriacea">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5713FFF1FC55FEBBFAA67ACD" box="[1020,1285,367,393]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Pseudophryne coriacea</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
occurs in the Scenic Rim area but is replaced to the north by
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5713FFF1FD02FE47FB927AE8" authority="(Ingram & Corben 1994)" baseAuthorityName="Ingram & Corben" baseAuthorityYear="1994" box="[683,1073,403,429]" class="Amphibia" family="Myobatrachidae" genus="Pseudophryne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="raveni">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5713FFF1FD02FE47FCAC7AE9" box="[683,783,403,428]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">P. raveni</emphasis>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D85C67CD5713FFF1FCB4FE47FB8B7AE8" author="Ingram, G. J. & Corben, C. J." box="[797,1064,403,429]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="267 - 272" refId="ref21815" refString="Ingram, G. J. & Corben, C. J. (1994) Two new species of broodfrog (Pseudophryne) from Queensland. Memoirs of the Queensland Museum, 37, 267 - 272." type="journal article" year="1994">Ingram & Corben 1994</bibRefCitation>
|
||
)
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
. The Scenic Rim area is also the northern limit for the anuran genera
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5713FFF1FD82FE63FD2B7A94" box="[555,648,439,465]" class="Amphibia" family="Limnodynastidae" genus="Philoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5713FFF1FD82FE63FD2B7A94" box="[555,648,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Philoria</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and Australian
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5713FFF1FC9EFE63FC167A94" authorityName="Boulenger" authorityYear="1882" box="[823,949,439,465]" class="Amphibia" family="Limnodynastidae" genus="Lechriodus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5713FFF1FC9EFE63FC167A94" box="[823,949,439,465]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Lechriodus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
(the latter also has species in New
|
||
<collectingCountry id="C4DA5AAC5713FFF1FA92FE63FA327A97" box="[1339,1425,439,466]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||
). Additional nuclear genotyping is required in the Scenic Rim area to better understand the distribution of the two
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5713FFF1FF3EFE2BFE9E795C" box="[151,317,511,537]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5713FFF1FF3EFE2BFF46795D" box="[151,229,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Litoria</emphasis>
|
||
species
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
and in particular to assign species identity to records of this species complex from the Springbrook-Numinbah Valley, the O’Reilly’s Plateau-Christmas Creek-Canungra area or from the Great Dividing Range from Girraween National Park, through Main Range National Park to Toowoomba, and from Durikai State Forest.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
<subSubSection id="F4D749B75713FFF1FF6EFDBFFCAC7E84" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" type="biology_ecology">
|
||
<paragraph id="BC721A3C5713FFF1FF6EFDBFFAC8787C" blockId="30.[151,1437,151,1473]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5713FFF1FF6EFDBFFE8F79C0" bold="true" box="[199,300,619,645]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Ecology.</emphasis>
|
||
Most publications concerning
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5713FFF1FD0BFDBFFC0379C0" box="[674,928,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5713FFF1FD0BFDBFFCB979C0" baseAuthorityName="Keferstein" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[674,794,619,645]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" sensu="lato" species="dentata">L. dentata</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="958A7B555713FFF1FC81FDBFFC0379C0" box="[808,928,619,645]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" sensu="lato">sensu lato</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
do not include observations or data from
|
||
<collectingRegion id="7E09D4DE5713FFF1FF3EFD5BFEBD79EC" box="[151,286,655,681]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Queensland</collectingRegion>
|
||
, hence existing information on
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5713FFF1FD29FD5BFD5379EC" authority="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan, 2021" authorityName="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan" authorityYear="2021" box="[640,752,655,681]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5713FFF1FD29FD5BFD5379EC" box="[640,752,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">L. balatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="958A7B555713FFF1FD5EFD5BFCF079EC" box="[759,851,655,681]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5713FFF1FD5EFD5BFCEF79EC" bold="true" box="[759,844,655,681]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
is scant.
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D85C67CD5713FFF1FC12FD5BFB3079EF" author="Delvinquier, B. L. J." box="[955,1171,655,682]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="843 - 853" refId="ref21196" refString="Delvinquier, B. L. J. (1986) Myxidium immersum (Protozoa, Myxosporea) of the cane toad, Bufo marinus, in Australian Anura, with a synopsis of the genus in amphibians. Australian Journal of Zoology, 34, 843 - 853. https: // doi. org / 10.1071 / ZO 9860843" type="journal article" year="1986">Delvinquier (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||
recorded the protozoan parasite
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5713FFF1FF5FFD67FE417989" box="[246,482,691,717]" class="Myxosporea" family="Myxidiidae" genus="Myxidium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Bivalvulida" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Myxozoa" rank="species" species="immersum">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5713FFF1FF5FFD67FE417989" box="[246,482,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Myxidium immersum</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Samford,
|
||
<collectingRegion id="7E09D4DE5713FFF1FD3EFD67FCBD7988" box="[663,798,691,717]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Queensland</collectingRegion>
|
||
, in a host now attributable to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5713FFF1FBC4FD67FB7E7988" authority="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan, 2021" authorityName="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan" authorityYear="2021" box="[1133,1245,691,717]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5713FFF1FBC4FD67FB7E7988" box="[1133,1245,691,717]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">L. balatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="958A7B555713FFF1FB4CFD67FAE27988" box="[1253,1345,691,717]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5713FFF1FB4CFD67FA997988" bold="true" box="[1253,1338,691,717]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
Murray
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5713FFF1FF3EFD03FF6C79B4" box="[151,207,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2007) list a single histological specimen of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5713FFF1FD6DFD03FC9579B4" baseAuthorityName="Keferstein" baseAuthorityYear="1868" box="[708,822,727,753]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="dentata">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5713FFF1FD6DFD03FC9579B4" box="[708,822,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">L. dentata</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
from Belli Creek SEQ that was negative for the fungal pathogen
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5713FFF1FEAFFD2FFDD77850" box="[262,628,763,789]" class="Rhizophydiomycetes" genus="Batrachochytrium" kingdom="Fungi" order="Rhizophydiales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chytridiomycota" rank="species" species="dendrobatidis">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5713FFF1FEAFFD2FFDD77850" box="[262,628,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
: this record is now attributable to
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5713FFF1FC53FD2FFBC97850" authority="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan, 2021" authorityName="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan" authorityYear="2021" box="[1018,1130,763,789]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5713FFF1FC53FD2FFBC97850" box="[1018,1130,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">L. balatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="958A7B555713FFF1FBDBFD2FFB6D7850" box="[1138,1230,763,789]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rank="species">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5713FFF1FBDBFD2FFB647850" bold="true" box="[1138,1223,763,789]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">sp. nov</emphasis>
|
||
.
|
||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
The following information is from field observations (H. B. Hines & E. Meyer unpubl. data) or from FrogID as acknowledged.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BC721A3C5713FFF1FF6EFC97FE9278A8" blockId="30.[151,1437,151,1473]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5713FFF1FF6EFC97FED37818" authority="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan, 2021" authorityName="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan" authorityYear="2021" box="[199,368,835,861]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5713FFF1FF6EFC97FED37818" box="[199,368,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Litoria balatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5713FFF1FED3FC97FE757818" bold="true" box="[378,470,835,861]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="958A7B555713FFF1FED3FC97FE757818" box="[378,470,835,861]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is a species of open forests, woodlands and occasionally rainforest. It appears to be largely absent from the coastal wallum communities and has not been recorded from any of the large sand islands of south-east
|
||
<collectingRegion id="7E09D4DE5713FFF1FEB9FC5FFE3778E0" box="[272,404,907,933]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Queensland</collectingRegion>
|
||
(
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D85C67CD5713FFF1FE0AFC5FFD3478E0" author="Hines, H. B. & Meyer, E." box="[419,663,907,933]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="261 - 274" refId="ref21636" refString="Hines, H. B. & Meyer, E. (2011) The frog fauna of Bribie Island: an annotated list and comparison with other Queensland dune islands. Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland, 117, 261 - 274." type="journal article" year="2011">Hines & Meyer 2011</bibRefCitation>
|
||
). Data from FrogID (>630 records from
|
||
<date id="C8733CFC5713FFF1FBF6FC5FFA9B78E0" box="[1119,1336,907,933]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" value="2017-11-10">10 November 2017</date>
|
||
–
|
||
<date id="C8733CFC5713FFF1FAEFFC5FFF73788C" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" value="2021-06-30">30 June 2021</date>
|
||
) show that this species frequently calls from disturbed areas, with 14% of records in urban habitats and 60% in rural areas.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BC721A3C5713FFF1FF6EFC23FC477F80" blockId="30.[151,1437,151,1473]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">The species has been recorded calling from September to March via the FrogID project. Males call occasionally from treetops and buildings during the day, particularly in hot and humid weather but persistent calling and congregations of calling males typically occur at night following heavy or prolonged rainfall during the warmer months. Amplexus has been observed in all months from October to March. Breeding occurs in shallow ephemeral drainage lines or wetlands with emergent vegetation, with small dams also regularly used. Oviposition, eggs and larval morphology, development and behaviour have not been documented.</paragraph>
|
||
<paragraph id="BC721A3C5713FFF1FF6EFB1AFCAC7E84" blockId="30.[151,1437,151,1473]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5713FFF1FF6EFB1AFE1F7FAC" bold="true" box="[199,444,1230,1257]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Conservation status.</emphasis>
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5713FFF1FE6AFB1BFDCA7FAC" authority="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan, 2021" authorityName="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan" authorityYear="2021" box="[451,617,1231,1257]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5713FFF1FE6AFB1BFDCA7FAC" box="[451,617,1231,1257]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Litoria balatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5713FFF1FDD8FB1BFD687FAC" bold="true" box="[625,715,1231,1257]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="958A7B555713FFF1FDD8FB1BFD687FAC" box="[625,715,1231,1257]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
is the most restricted of the three species, with an estimated Extent of Occurrence of
|
||
<quantity id="7B35B7D95713FFF1FE25FB27FDA77E48" box="[396,516,1267,1293]" metricMagnitude="7" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" unit="km" value="73000.0">73,000 km</quantity>
|
||
<superScript id="4BB8B7745713FFF1FDADFB26FDAF7E45" attach="left" box="[516,524,1266,1280]" fontSize="6" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">2</superScript>
|
||
. There were no ill or dead specimens of
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5713FFF1FC7AFB27FBE17E48" authority="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan, 2021" authorityName="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan" authorityYear="2021" box="[979,1090,1267,1293]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5713FFF1FC7AFB27FBE17E48" box="[979,1090,1267,1293]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">L. balatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5713FFF1FBE0FB27FB007E48" bold="true" box="[1097,1187,1267,1293]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="958A7B555713FFF1FBE0FB27FB007E48" box="[1097,1187,1267,1293]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
in the study of
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D85C67CD5713FFF1FAF8FB27FEBC7E74" author="Berger, L. & Speare, R. & Hines, H. B. & Marantelli, G. & Hyatt, A. D. & McDonald, K. R. & Skerratt, L. F. & Olsen, V. & Clarke, J. M. & Gillespie, G. & Mahony, M. & Sheppard, N. & Williams, C. & Tyler, M. J." pageId="30" pageNumber="31" pagination="434 - 439" refId="ref20375" refString="Berger, L., Speare, R., Hines, H. B., Marantelli, G., Hyatt, A. D., McDonald, K. R., Skerratt, L. F., Olsen, V., Clarke, J. M., Gillespie, G., Mahony, M., Sheppard, N., Williams, C. & Tyler, M. J. (2004) Effect of season and temperature on mortality in amphibians due to chytridiomycosis. Australian Veterinary Journal, 82, 434 - 439. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1751 - 0813.2004. tb 11137. x" type="journal article" year="2004">
|
||
Berger
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5713FFF1FF3EFAC3FF6C7E74" box="[151,207,1303,1329]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
(2004)
|
||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||
that examined a large number of diseased wild frogs from south-eastern
|
||
<collectingRegion id="7E09D4DE5713FFF1FBECFAC3FB6E7E74" box="[1093,1229,1303,1329]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Queensland</collectingRegion>
|
||
. The fungal pathogen
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5713FFF1FF60FAEFFD9A7E10" box="[201,569,1339,1365]" class="Rhizophydiomycetes" genus="Batrachochytrium" kingdom="Fungi" order="Rhizophydiales" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chytridiomycota" rank="species" species="dendrobatidis">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5713FFF1FF60FAEFFD9A7E10" box="[201,569,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
has not been recorded in
|
||
<taxonomicName id="7BCD61BF5713FFF1FCCCFAEFFC747E10" authority="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan, 2021" authorityName="Rowley & Mahony & Hines & Myers & Price & Shea & Donnellan" authorityYear="2021" box="[869,983,1339,1365]" class="Amphibia" family="Pelodryadidae" genus="Litoria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="balatus" status="sp. nov.">
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5713FFF1FCCCFAEFFC747E10" box="[869,983,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">L. balatus</emphasis>
|
||
</taxonomicName>
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5713FFF1FC48FAEFFB9E7E10" bold="true" box="[993,1085,1339,1365]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">
|
||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="958A7B555713FFF1FC48FAEFFB9E7E10" box="[993,1085,1339,1365]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||
</emphasis>
|
||
(Murray
|
||
<emphasis id="8EB9C62E5713FFF1FB05FAEFFB447E10" box="[1196,1255,1339,1365]" italics="true" pageId="30" pageNumber="31">et al.</emphasis>
|
||
2007) although screening is very limited (n=1). There are no documented or suspected population declines. Given the large Extent of Occurrence, persistence in disturbed areas and a lack of evidence of population declines, the species likely meets IUCN Red List criteria (
|
||
<bibRefCitation id="D85C67CD5713FFF1FE0EFA73FD8D7E84" author="IUCN" box="[423,558,1447,1473]" pageId="30" pageNumber="31" refId="ref21854" refString="IUCN (2012) IUCN Red List categories and criteria. Version 3.1. 2 nd Edition. International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Species Survival Commission, Gland and Cambridge, 32 pp." type="book" year="2012">IUCN 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||
) for Least Concern.
|
||
</paragraph>
|
||
</subSubSection>
|
||
</treatment>
|
||
</document> |